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MECATX December 2019 Sky Tour Remote Video Astronomy Group

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MECATX December 2019 Sky Tour Remote Video Astronomy Group MECATX December 2019 Sky Tour Remote Video Astronomy Group (1) Caelum, the Engraving Tool - December 1 (2) Orion, the Hunter- December 13 (3) Lepus, the Hare- December 14 (4) Mensa, the Table Mountain - December 14 (5) Pictor, the Painter’s Easel- December 16 (6) Dorado, the Swordfish- December 17 (7) Columba, the Dove- December 18 (8) Auriga, the Charrioteer- December 21 (9) Camelopardalis, the Giraffe- December 23 MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott Revised by: Alyssa Donnell 12.01.2019 December 1 Caelum (SEE-lum), the Engraving Tool Cae, Caeli (SEE-lye) MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott 1 Caelum Meaning: The Sculptor's Chisel Pronunciation: see' lum Abbreviation: Cae Possessive form: Caeli (see' lee) Asterisms: none Bordering constellations: Columba, Dorado, Eridanus, Horologium, Lepus, Pictor Overall brightness: 3.204 (85) Central point: RA = 4h40m Dec. = -38° Directional extremes: N = -27° S = -49° E = 5h03m W = 4h18m Messier objects: none Meteor showers: none Midnight culmination date: 1 Dec Bright stars: none Named stars: none Near stars: none Size: 124.86 square degrees (0.303% of the sky) Rank in size: 81 Solar conjunction date: 2 Jun Visibility: completely visible from latitudes: S of +41° completely invisible from latitudes: N of +63° Visible stars: (number of stars brighter than magnitude 5.5): 4 Interesting facts: (1) This was one of the 14 constellations invented by Lacaille during his stay at the Cape of Good Hope in 1751-2. MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott 2 December 13 Orion (oh-RYE-un,) the Hunter Ori, Orionis (or-eye-OH-niss) MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott 3 Orion Meaning: The Hunter Pronunciation: or eye' on Abbreviation: On Possessive form: Orionis (on ee oh' niss) Asterisms: The Belt, The Butterfly, The Heavenly G, The Rake, The Sword, The Three Kings, Venus' Mirror, The Winter Octagon, The Winter Oval, The Winter Triangle Bordering constellations: Eridanus, Gemini, Lepus, Monocenos, Taurus Overall brightness: 12.960 (9) Central point: RA = 5h32m Dec. = +6° Directional extremes: N = +23° S = —11° E = 6h23m W = 4h41m Messier objects: M42, M43, M78 Meteor showers: Onionids (21 Oct) S. X Onionids (10 Dec) N. X Orionids (11 Dec) Midnight culmination date: 13 Dec Bright stars: 3 (7), u (10), y (26), (29), (31), (53), ö (63), t (12 1) Named stars: Algebar (J3), Alnilam (s), Alnitak (c), Bellatnix (y), Betelgeuse (a), Hatsya (t), Heka (?), Meissa (X), Mintaka (ö), Rigel (3), Saiph (x), Tabit (it3) Near stars: Wolf 1453 (59), Ross 47(65), LP 658-2 (66), it On (98), Ross 41(135), BD+10°1032 A-B (169), x1 On (188) Size: 594.12 square degrees (1.440% of the sky) Rank in size: 26 Solar conjunction date: 15 Jun Visibility: completely visible from latitudes: +79° to —67° portions visible worldwide MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott 4 Visible stars: (number of stars brighter than magnitude 5.5): 77 Interesting facts: (1) a On, or Betelgeuse, is the only first-magnitude star which is also variable. Its brightness changes in an irregular fashion from a minimum of 1.3 to a maximum of about 0.4. (2) P On, on Rigel, is one of the most luminous stars in the sky. It is a blue supergiant with an absolute magnitude estimated at —7.1. This makes Rigel 47 863 times as bright as our Sun. (3) In the region around the star Ori lies an area of nebulosity containing one of the most famous - and one of the most visually elusive - objects in the sky. This is the Honsehead Nebula, a region of dank matter silhouetted against a brightly lit cloud of interstellar gas. Photographs taken with large telescopes show this object in great detail, but even the best amateur telescopes are sorely tested to resolve the Honsehead. (4) M42, the Orion Nebula, is the best known and most visually structured diffuse nebula in the sky. This is a region of star formation, and several recently formed stars may be glimpsed enmeshed within the nebulosity. M42 lies at an approximate distance of 1500 light years. It was the first nebula to be photographed. A picture of it was taken in 1880 by Henry Draper. MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott 5 The Great Orion Nebula M42 Messier 43 The Clouds of Orion the Hunter MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott 6 December 14 Lepus (LEEP-us, LEP-us), the Hare Lep, Leporis (LEP-or-iss) MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott 7 Lepus Meaning: The Hare Pronunciation: lee' pus Abbreviation: Lep Possessive form: Leporis (lee por' iss) Asterisms: none Bordering constellations: Caelum, Canis Major, Columba, Eridanus, Monoceros, Orion Overall brightness: 9.646 (23) Central point: RA = 5h31m Dec. = —19° Directional extremes: N = —11° S = —27° E = 6h09m W = 4h54m Messier objects: M79 Meteor showers: none Midnight culmination date: 14 Dec Bright stars: a (96), P (134) Named stars: Arneb (a), Nihal (3) Near stars: BD-2101377 (53), BD-2101051 A-B (100), yLep A-B-C (116) Size: 290.29 square degrees (0.704% of the sky) Rank in size: 51 Solar conjunction date: 15 Jun Visibility: completely visible from latitudes: S of +630 completely invisible from latitudes: N of +790 Visible stars: (number of stars brighter than magnitude 5.5): 28 Interesting facts: (1) Approximately 50 east and 20 north of t Lep is the star R Lep, also known as 'Hind's Crimson Star.' The astronomer J. R. Hind noted its intense red color in 1845, comparing it to a drop of blood against a black sky. The magnitude range of this star varies from 6th to about 10th. MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott 8 Comet Lovejoy before a Globular Star Cluster MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott 9 CULMINATION of the CONSTELLATIONS A culmination occurs when some star or constellation crosses the local meridian to reaching its highest (or lowest point) in the sky, and knowing when this occurs is very useful to both visual or telescopic observations of the night sky. By knowing when so me celestial object crosses the local meridian, means that their general appearance will be at their very best, and without the hindrance of the atmospheric effects; such as seeing, refraction or air mass. Culminations for non-circumpolar stars, that do rise and set below the horizon, will happen once per day. However, because of Earth’s orbital motion around the Sun, the time for each successive culmination falls earlier by about four minutes for every day that passes. Its exact instant of local time crossing the local meridian is formally called the Sidereal Time, which is exactly corresponds to the local meridian ’s Right Ascension. In other circumstances, if some constellation or celestial object appears circumpolar — never setting below the local horizon — two culminations can occur. These are an upper culmination(highest) and lower culmination (lowest). Calculation of culmination times is not exactly simple, as the width of the constellation means that we need to determine the time of the mid -point. This can be approximated by the difference between the eastern and western constellations limits, but this should probably be better determined but knowing the right ascension of half area of the constellation — something far more difficult to calculate. A s lightly more accurate way it the constellation centre of both right (cvp) ascension and declination, and this requires knowing the extreme of all the boundaries. Furthermore, culmination times are also dependant on the precession of the equinoxes, so they should include the current epoch. Many tabulated culminations are still based on the B1950.0 epoch, meaning the culmination times are only off by a day or so. Most tables on culminations are only accurate to several days, but this is still quite adequate f or most visual observation purposes. The TABULATED DATA The dates when this occurs are conveniently expressed for midnight (12pm) and in the early evening at 9pm, when most observers would be looking at the nighttime sky. Sometimes it can be given at 6pm, but then only useful in the winter months when it is dark at that time. Finding culmination times for other times of the year, subtract 15 days for ever hour that is earlier than this date. For times that are later; add fifteen (15) days for every hour. If the date is different than specified, then add or subtract twenty- eight (28) minutes for each week that has elapsed or is to come. MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott 10 December 14 Mensa (MEN-suh), the Table Mountain Men, Mensae (MEN-see) MECATX RVA December 2018 - www.mecatx.ning.com – Youtube – MECATX – www.ustream.tv – dfkott 11 Mensa Meaning: The Table Mountain Pronunciation: men' suh Abbreviation: Men Possessive form: Mensae (men' sigh) Asterisms: none Bordering constellations: Chamaeleon, Dorado, Hydrus, Octans, Volans Overall brightness: 5.212 (73) Central point: RA = 5h28m Dec. = -77.5° Directional extremes: N = -70° S = -85° B = 7h37m W = 3h20m Messier objects: none Meteor showers: none Midnight culmination date: 14 Dec Bright stars: none Named stars: none Near stars: a Men (136) Size: 153.48 square degrees (0.372% of the sky) Rank in size: 75 Solar conjunction date: 14 Jun Visibility: completely visible from latitudes: S of +5° completely invisible from latitudes: N of +20° Visible stars: (number of stars brighter than magnitude 5.5): 8 Interesting facts: (1) This was one of the 14 constellations invented by Lacaille during his stay at the Cape of Good Hope in 1751-2.
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  • These Sky Maps Were Made Using the Freeware UNIX Program "Starchart", from Alan Paeth and Craig Counterman, with Some Postprocessing by Stuart Levy
    These sky maps were made using the freeware UNIX program "starchart", from Alan Paeth and Craig Counterman, with some postprocessing by Stuart Levy. You’re free to use them however you wish. There are five equatorial maps: three covering the equatorial strip from declination −60 to +60 degrees, corresponding roughly to the evening sky in northern winter (eq1), spring (eq2), and summer/autumn (eq3), plus maps covering the north and south polar areas to declination about +/− 25 degrees. Grid lines are drawn at every 15 degrees of declination, and every hour (= 15 degrees at the equator) of right ascension. The equatorial−strip maps use a simple rectangular projection; this shows constellations near the equator with their true shape, but those at declination +/− 30 degrees are stretched horizontally by about 15%, and those at the extreme 60−degree edge are plotted twice as wide as you’ll see them on the sky. The sinusoidal curve spanning the equatorial strip is, of course, the Ecliptic −− the path of the Sun (and approximately that of the planets) through the sky. The polar maps are plotted with stereographic projection. This preserves shapes of small constellations, but enlarges them as they get farther from the pole; at declination 45 degrees they’re about 17% oversized, and at the extreme 25−degree edge about 40% too large. These charts plot stars down to magnitude 5, along with a few of the brighter deep−sky objects −− mostly star clusters and nebulae. Many stars are labelled with their Bayer Greek−letter names. Also here are similarly−plotted maps, based on galactic coordinates.
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