Radiant Energy Definition: the energy of electromagnetic waves; this includes radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-ray, and gamma waves

Radiant Energy Solar panels

Examples of energy transformations: Examples: • Photosynthesis: light from the • X-rays in medicine sun (RADIANT) converted to • Microwaves used to heat chemical energy in plants food • Heating food: electrical energy • Car radios and TV stations to mechanical and RADIANT • Cancer-causing UV rays energy to thermal energy and • Gamma rays from nuclear chemical energy. reactions

Electrical Energy Definition: the energy of moving electrons.

Electrical Energy

Examples of energy Examples: transformations: • Electricity going through a • Making toast – ELECTRICAL to wire mechanical to radiant and • Lightning thermal to chemical. • Electric Discharge (shock) • Using a flashlight – chemical to

ELECTRICAL to radiant and thermal.

Chemical Energy: the energy required to make or break atom bonds; has the potential to go through a chemical change

www.phschool.com Chemical Energy

Energy Transformations using Chemical Energy: • Using a battery - the CHEMICAL energy is converted into Electrical energy Examples: • Eating Food – the CHEMICAL • batteries energy is converted into • Photosynthesis thermal energy and mechanical • Food energy Kinetic Energy Definition: the energy an object has because of its motion

Kinetic Energy

Examples of Kinetic Energy Forms: • Electrical • Mechanical • Thermal • Radiant

Potential Energy Definition: the energy an object has because of its position or shape.

Potential Energy

Examples of Potential Energy Forms: • Gravitational Potential Energy • Chemical Energy • Elastic Energy • Nuclear Energy

Mechanical Energy Definition: the total energy of motion and position of an object.

Mechanical Energy= Potential Energy + Kinetic Energy

Mechanical Energy

Examples of energy Examples: transformations: • Coasting down a hill on • Exercising: Food (chemical) to your bike MECHANICAL and THERMAL as • Gears turning you move. in a car • Hair Dryer: Electrical to thermal • Running and MECHANICAL Nuclear Energy: the energy associated with changes to the nucleus of an atom Nuclear Fusion - two Nuclear Fission – or more smaller nuclei large nucleus splits combine together to into two smaller make a more massive nuclei Nuclear Energy nucleus

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Energy Transformations using NUCLEAR Energy: • Turning on a light - http://thehigherlearning.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/fission-fusion.gif the NUCLEAR energy is converted into Examples: Electrical to radiant, • The sun (nuclear fusion) and thermal energies • Nuclear Power Plants (Nuclear fission) (nuclear fission) Thermal Energy Definition: The total internal kinetic energy of an object due to the random motion of its atoms and molecules. **Thermal energy is involved in EVERY energy transformation. Sometimes it is on purpose (like a toaster) and sometimes it is a byproduct caused by friction.** **While thermal energy is not the same thing as heat, many people say heat instead. We will discuss the difference in another unit, but if you feel heat or cold, thermal energy is involved.**

Thermal Energy Examples: • When you feel heat being given off from an object like Examples of transformations: fire • Turning on a flashlight - • Friction from two objects chemical to electrical to radiant touching like rubbing your and THERMAL. hands together. • Sitting in front of a fire – • Friction from electricity going through a wire. chemical to THERMAL and • Friction between a car and radiant and mechanical. the track of a roller coaster. • ALL FRICTION INVOLVES THERMAL ENERGY