1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1673 H. R. 5959. An act to exempt certain com­ H . R. 3027. Ali act for the relief Of Tamiko HOUSE OF .REPRESENTATMS missioned officers retired for disabilities Nagae; caused by instrumentalities of war from the H. R. 3228. An act for the relief of' Mrs. FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 12, 19.~4 limitation prescribed by law with respect to Ursula Eichner Clawges; the combined rate of retired pay and of H. R. 3280. An act for the relief of John The House met at 12 o'clock noon. compensation as civilian employees of the J ames T . Bell; The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp, Government which retired officers may re­ H. R. 3390. An act for the relief of Eiko D. D., offered the following prayer: ceive. T anaka; H . R. 5861. An act to amend the act ap­ H. R. 3619. An act for the relief of Rufin 0 Thou who wert the God of our proved July 8, 1937, authorizing cash relief Manikowski; fathers we thank Thee that in the an­ for certain employees of the Canal Zone H. R. 3728. An act for the relief of Mrs. nals of our national history we have the government. Helen Bonanno (nee Koubek); record of men and women whose life and H. R. 5379. An act to authorize the print­ H. R. 3733. An act for the relief of Mrs. character enshrined our country's ing and mailing of periodical publications of Anna Holder; certain societies and institutions at places H. R. 4439. An act for the relief of John noblest traditions and loftiest ideals. other than places fixed as the offices of pub­ Abraham and Ann Abraham; Today we are paying tribute to the lication. H. R . 4577. An act for the relief of Edith memory of an American patriot whose H. R . 395. An act to confer jm·isdiction Maria Gore; supreme ambition was to know and do upon the United States Court of Claims with H . R. 4972. An act for the relief of John Thy will. respect to claims against the United States Jeremiah Botelho; We rejoice that he always kept the of certain employees of the Bureau of Pris­ H. R. 5195. An act for the relief of Max windows of his soul open toward the ons, Department of Justice. Kassner; That the Senate has appointed the Sena­ H. R. 5379. An act to authorize the print­ unseen and eternal, whence came his tor from New Hampshire, Mr. B RIDGES, and ing and mailing of periodical publications wisdom, strength, and courage. the Senator from Nevada, Mr. McCARRAN, as of certain societies and institutions at places Grant that we also may be inspired members on the part of the Senate of the other than places fixed as the offices of with faith and hope as we enlist in a Joint Committee on Reduction of Nonessen­ publication; crusade to bring peace and freedom to tial Federal Expenditures; and H. R. 5861. An act to amend the act ap· all mankind. That the Senate has passed Senate bills of proved July 8, 1937, authorizing cash relief Hear us in the name of the Prince of the following titles: for certain employees of the Canal Zone gov­ S. 1184. An act to authorize relief of au­ ernment; Peace. Amen. thorized certifying officers from exceptions H. R. 5945. An act conferring jurisdiction The Journal of the proceedings of t aken to payments pertaining to terminated upon the United States Dist rict Court for Tuesday, February 9, 1954, was read and war agencies in liquidation by the Depart­ the District of Colorado to hear. determine, ment of State. and render judgment upon the claim of approved. S. 1381. An act to amend the Agricultural J. Don Alexander against the United States; Act of 1949. H . R. 5959. An act to exempt certain com­ MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE S. 1990. An act to strengthen the investi­ missioned officers retired for disabilities gation and enforcement provisions of the caused by instrumentalities of war from the A message from the Senate, by Mr. Commodity Exchange Act. limitation prescribed by law with respect to Carrell, one of its clerks, announced that S. 2313. An act to amend the Commodity the combined rate of retired pay and of the Senate had passed bills and a joint Exchange Act in order to include wool among compensation as civilian employees of the resolution of the following titles, in the commodities regulated by such act. Government which retired officers may re­ which the concurrence of the House is Respectfully yours, ceive; and requested: LYLE 0. SNADER, H. J. Res. 358. Joint resolution to discharge Clerk of the House of Representatives. indebtedness of the Commodity Credit Cor­ S. 666. An act authorizing the Secretary of poration. the Interior to convey certain lands and rights-of-way in the State of Wyoming to BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTION the town of Jackson, Wyo.; SIGNING OF ENROLLED BILLS AND S. 1386. An act to amend section 2 of the ENROLLED Commodity Exchange Act, as amended, re­ JOINT RESOLUTION lating to the meaning of the word "com· Mr. LECOMPTE, from the Committee The SPEAKER. The Chair desires to modity"; on House Administration, reported that announce that pursuant to the authority · S. 2772. An act to provide for the dis· that committee had examined and found posal of paid postal-savings certificates; and granted him on Tuesday, February 9, truly enrolled bills and a joint resolution 1954, he did on February 10, 1954, sign S. J. Res. 12. Joint resolution to request the of the House of the following titles: International Joint Commission on United the following enrolled bills and joint States-Canadian boundary waters to make H. R. 395. An act to confer jurisdiction resolution of the House: upon the United States Court of Claims with a survey of the proposed Passamaquoddy H. R. 395. An act to confer jurisdiction tidal-power project, and for other purposes. respect to claims against the United States of certain employees of the Bureau of upon the United States Court of Claims with The message also announced that the Prisons, Department of Justice; respect to claims against the United States Senate had ordered that the House of H. R. 1129. An act for the relief of Katina of certain employees of the Bureau of Pris­ Panagioti FitHis and Theodore Panagiotou ons, Department of Justice; Representatives be requested to return H. R. 1129. An act for the relief of Katina the Senate the engrossed bill, H. R. Fi1His; to H. R. 1496. An act for the relief of Mrs. Panagioti Fiffiis and Theodore Panagiotou 4254, for the relief of Aneta Popa. Hermine Lamb; FitH.is; H . R. 1516. An act for the relief of Mrs. H. R. 1496. An act for the relief of Mrs. Clemtine De Ryck; Hermine Lamb; COMMUNICATION FROM THE H. R. 1674. An act for the relief of Setsuko H. R. 1516. An act for the relief of Mrs. CLERK OF THE HOUSE Motohara Kibler, widow of Robert Eugene Clemtine De Ryck; Kibler; H. R. 1674. An act for the relief of Setsuko The SPEAKER laid before the House H . R. 2021. An act for the relief of Clarence Motohara Kibler, widow of Robert Eugene the following communication from the R. Seiler and other employees of the Alaska Kibler; Clerk of the House of Representatives, Railroad; H. R. 2021. An act for the relief of Clar­ which was read: H. R. 2618. An act for the relief of Santos ence R. Seiler and other employees of the FEBRUARY 10, 1954. Sanabria Alvarez; Alaska Railroad; The honorable the SPEAKER, H. R. 2633. An act for the relief of Lee Sig H. R . 2618. An act for the relief of Santos House of Representatives. Cheu; Sanabria Alvarez; SIR: Pursuant to authority granted on H. R. 2813. An act for the relief of William H. R. 2633. An act for the relief of Lee Sig February 9, 1954, the Clerk today received E. Aitcheson; Cheu; from the Secretary of the Senate, the follow­ H. R. 2839. An act to enable the Hawaiian H. R. 2813. An act for the relief of William ing messages: Homes Commission of the Territory of Ha­ E. Aitcheson; That the Senate has agreed to the report waii to exchange available lands as desig­ H. R. 2839. An act to enable the Hawaiian of the committee of conference on the dis­ nated by the Hawaiian Homes Commission Homes Commission of the Territory of Ha­ agreeing votes of the two Houses on the Act, 1920, for public lands; waii to exchange available lands as desig­ amendment of the Senate to the joint reso­ H. R. 2842. An act to authorize the Secre­ nated by the Hawaiian Homes Commission lution (H. J. Res. 358) entitled "Joint reso­ tary of the Army to transfer certain land and Act, 1920, for public lands; lution to discharge indebtedness of the Com· access rights to the Territory of Hawaii; H. R. 2842. An act to authorize the Secre­ modity Credit Corporation"; and H . R. 2885. An act authorizing and direct­ tary of the Army to transfer certain land and That the Senate has passed without ing the Commissioner of Public Lands of the access rights to the Territory of Hawaii; amendment bills of the House of Representa· Territory of Hawaii to issue a right of pur• H. R. 2885. An act authorizing and direct­ tives of the following titles:. chase lease to Edward c. Searle; ing the Commissioner of Public Lands of the 1674 CONGRESSIONAL ·RECORD- HOUSE February 12. Territory of Hawaii to issue a right of pur .. Allen Furlow had a host of friends. and returned to Rochester to resume the chase lease to Edward C. Searle; He was one of my best friends. I will practice of ·law. In 1933, he was ap­ H. R. 3027. An act for the relief of Tamiko always remember when we journeyed to pointed by the Attorney General of the Nagae; Washington, together, as newly elected United States as a special assistant in H. R. 3228. An act for the relief of Mrs. Ursula Eichner Clawges; Congressmen in March of 1925 to look cases assigned under the petroleum code. H. R . 3280. An act for the relief of John over the situation in the House of Rep .. In addition to his law practice in James T. Bell; resentatives and to select our office rooms Rochester, he was well-known as a pub­ H. R. 3390. An act for the relief of Eiko in the old House Office Building. We lic speaker and toastmaster. Mr. Furlow Tanaka; were young, freshmen Congressmen, but presided over many dinners and public H. R. 3619. An act for the relief of Ru:fin eager to tackle the relatively few routine meetings. He took an active interest in Manikowski; matters before Congress and to get on public affairs. H . R. 3728. An act for the relief of Mrs. the job. We waited 13 months after Mr. Furlow was one of the principal Helen Bonanno (nee Koubek); H. R. 3733. An act for the relief of Mrs. our election in November of 1924 until organizers and charter members of the Anna Holder; we were sworn in as Members of the Rochester Kiwanis Club and served as H. R. 4439. An act for the relief of John House of Representatives in 1925. its first secretary. Abraham and Ann Abraham; Allen J. Furlow was a man of integrity During the last few years, Mr. Furlow's H. R. 4577. An act for the relief of Edith and sterling character. He was always a law ptactice included representation of Maria Gore; gentleman, and with his charming and management in labor negotiations. He H. R. 4972. An act for the relief of John talented wife, there was a genuine glow was joined in law partnership by John Jeremiah Botelho; of friendship and understanding which de J. Pemberton, Jr., and Franklin H. R. 5195. An act for the relief of Max endeared them to their many friends. Michaels. He was also a member of the Kassner; Mr. Furlow was born in Rochester, Olmsted County Bar Association, Third H. R. 5379. An act to authorize the print­ ing and mailing of periodical publications of Minn., on November 9, 1890, son of Mr. Judicial District Bar Association, Minne .. certain societies and institutions at places and Mrs. Samuel C. Furlow. He was sota Bar Association, American Bar other than places fixed as the offices of pub­ graduated from the Rochester High Association, and American Judicature lication; School with the class of 1910, and later Society. H . R. 5861. An act to amend the act ap­ attended the University of Michigan. In addition to civic organizations and proved July 8, 1937, authorizing cash relief In 1913 he and his friend, the late G. the American Legion, Mr. Furlow was a for certain employees ·of the Canal Zone gov­ P. Gentling, purchased the Rochester member of the _Rochester Lodge, A. F. and ernment; Daily Bulletin, which they published for A. M., the Rochester Shrine Club, and H . R. 5945. An act conferring jurisdiction upon the United States District Court for the 2 years. In 1920 Mr. Furlow was a grad­ the Presbyterian Church. District of Colorado to hear, determine, and uate with a law degree from Georgetown Allen J. Furlow was an outstanding render judgment upon the claim of J. Don University in Washington, D. C., where citizen and a patriotic American. He Alexander against the United States; he was a member of Theta Delta Chi served his country with distinction in H. R. 5959. An act to exempt certain co~­ and Phi Delta Phi fraternities. both war and peace. His service as a missioned officers retired for disabilities Following graduation, he married Miss Member of the House of Representatives caused by instrumentalities of war from the Ruth Irish at Pine Island, Minn. Mrs. in Congress is well noted on the pages limitation prescribed by law with respect to Furlow survives with two sons, John Al­ of congressional history. His contribu~ the combined rate of retired pay and of com- · len Furlow, of Chicago; and Dr. William pensation as civilian employees of the Gov­ tion to his home community, the State ernment which retired officers may receive; Furlow, of Hanover, N.H. Other surviv­ of Minnesota, and the United States and ors are brothers, Frederick J. Furlow, of marks him as a great American, who was H. J. Res. 358. Joint resolution to dis­ Rochester, and Walter and Willard of 1·espected and loved by his fellow men. charge indebtedness of the Commodity Washington, D. C. I will always treasure the memory of Credit Corporation. Mr. Furlow enlisted in World War I as my friendship with Allen Furlow. His a private on October 1, 1917, and served home and fireside were always open to overseas as a pilot in the First Air Corps me. His untimely death brings great THE LATE HONORABLE ALLEN J. of the United states Army in France and sorrow to his wife and to his sons and FURLOW Italy. He was promoted to first lieuten­ also to his brothers and other members ant and was honorably discharged from of the Furlow family, as well as to his Mr. AUGUST H. ANDRESEN. Mr. service February 21, 1919. many friends. I know that all Members Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to Following the war, Mr. Furlow re .. of the 83d Congress will join with Mrs. address the House for 1 minute. sumed his law studies and was one of the Andresen and myself in extending our The SPEAKER. Is there objection to organizers of the Rochester, Minn., Wil .. deepest sympathy to Mrs. Furlow and the request of the gentleman from Min­ liam T. McCoy Post of the American Le .. her family in their sorrow. nesota? gion. He was one of the principal speak.. Funeral services were conducted Feb­ There was no objection. ers at the organizational meeting at the ruary 1, 1954, at the Presbyterian Church Mr. AUGUST H .. ANDRESEN. Mr. Rochester High School. by Dr. Hugh B. Jones, with burial in the Speaker, it is with great sadness and a After graduation from law school, he Rochester Oakwood Cemetery. heavy heart that I announce to my col­ returned to Rochester to enter law prac .. leagues in the House of Representatives tice. He served as senator from Olmsted the death of a very good friend and County in the Minnesota Legislature in FOREIGN-AID PROGRAM former colleague, the Honorable Allen J. 1923-24, and resigned the senate post Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, I ask unan­ Furlow, of Rochester, Minn. He passed to become First District Representative imous consent to address the House for away from a heart attack at the age of in Congress for the 69th Congress. He 1 minute and to revise and extend my 63 in the city of his birth, Rochester, was reelected to the 70th Congress. He 1·emarks. Minn., on Friday, January 29, 1954. was a member of the Military Affairs The SPEAKER. Is there objection to The late Honorable Allen J. Furlow Committee of the House of Represent .. the request of the gentleman from served with distinction and honor as a atives. During his service in congress, Washington? valuable Member of the House of Rep .. he introduced the law providing for a There was no objection. resentatives in the 69th and 70th Con .. continuous honor guard at the Tomb of Mr. PELLY. Mr. Speaker, during the gresses. He was elected to the House of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington Na .. past 13 years, as I understand it, the Representatives in 1924 as a Republican tional Cemetery. United States has given to foreign na.. from the First Congressional District of In 1929 and 1930, Mr. Furlow was a tions, in terms of dollar value, something Minnesota. In the same year, I was legal representative of the Curtis-Wright over $90 billion. If one wanted to be elected to Congress from the Third Con .. Corp. in Washington, and was an editor critical, one could pick out expenditures gressional District of Minnesota. Since of the 1929 volume of United States Avia­ for such things as building ski lifts in 1935, I have had the honor and privilege tion Reports which brought up to date European mountain resorts, and say the to represent the people of the First Dis­ the development of aviation law in the whole foreign aid program was wrong. trict, which was so ably represented by United States. From 1934 to 1937, he Personally, when I heard that Amer­ Allen J. Furlow during his 4 years of was in the legal department of the Vet .. ica was being ridiculed abroad, I laid service in this House. erans' Administration in Washington, this not on the steps·of the past admin- 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1675 lstration, but on the usual individual American Activities from discharging its Communist movement in this country by "'crackpots" who always seem to find an duties. appropriate legislation, and say to the outlet for their pet ideas in Government The plaintiff in this action happens to world, "This is a crime and we mean to spending programs. be the State chairman of the Labor treat it as a crime, the same as all other However, the overall objective of as­ Youth League of Michigan. This or­ crimes in the penal code?" sisting foreign nations get on their feet ganization is a proscribed organization. What does the gentleman think about economically was worthy and tran­ It was so designated by the then Attor­ that? scended in importance any poorly con­ ney General, Howard McGrath, as a sub­ Mr. WALTER. Mr. Speaker, I agree ceived and administered specific proj­ versive organization and also by the with the distinguished gentleman from ects which were a part of the program. Committee on Un-American Activities. Texas [Mr. DIEsJ. He has made a great Now, foreign policy emphasis is being This resolution authorizes the Com­ contribution throughout the years to­ directed toward assisting friendly na­ mittee on the Judiciary to take what­ ward exposing this criminal conspiracy. tions by giving them arms and thus ever steps are necessary in order to chal­ The only reason why the Communist strengthening their defenses in order lenge the right of this member of a Com­ Party was never outlawed, as I under­ that they can resist aggression. This munist-front organization to question stand it, is because Mr. J. Edgar Hoover, I applaud. I come to praise Caesar, not the validity of the subpena and also to the head of the FBI, believed that to to bury him. continue with the injunction proceed­ outlaw the Communist Party would drive In the matter of giving military sup­ ings, the object of which is to restrain it underground. Within the last few plies, however, let us have it clearly in the committee from conducting its days that same gentleman has stated mind we are dealing with a two-edged meeting in accordance with its rules and that the Communist Party has been sword. A loaded gun is not the thing you procedure. driven underground. If that is the fact, hand to someone who you are not sw·e Mr. DIES. Mr. Speaker, will the gen­ I see no reason why the Committee on will use it the way you intend. tleman yield? the Judiciary should not report appro­ Recently, a State Department official Mr. WALTER. I yield to the gentle­ priate legislation, very promptly, so that stated that the Arab States are "uncer­ man from Texas. this criminal conspiracy may be branded tain of themselves; uncertain of their Mr. DIES. I want to make a short for what it is. preliminary statement as a predicate for friends ; uncertain of their enemies; One thing more. The gentleman has their governments are uncertain of their my question. The gentleman is a mem­ ber of this committee. He knows that mentioned the tremendous amount of position, in many cases; and their people work that has been done in this field and are frequently uncertain of their gov­ since 1930 we have been investigating un-American activities. He knows, of has intimated that what is being done ernment." course, that hearings have been held in now is largely a rehash. In that con­ Last year, Mr. Speaker, Congress made all of the cities of the United States. nection, the gentleman might be in­ $30 million available for purchasing and Literally hundreds of witnesses have terested in knowing that this organiza­ giving arms to Arab States out of funds been subpenaed. Documents over ape­ tion, the Labor Youth League, which the allocated to the Mutual Security Pro­ riod of years have been seized, have been Committee on Un-American Activities gram. obtained from different sources, until is investigating, was first known as the How do we know such arms would not there is no room to store them. American Youth for Democracy and be used to defeat our own purpose? All the committees, beginning with then the Young Communist League. So How do we know that our military aid the committee headed by Mr. Fish, which you see it smells the same. will not simply stimulate the Arab lasted for about 9 months, and the com­ Mr. DIES. In connection with the States to renew their war on Israeli and mittee which Mr. McCoRMACK headed, question of a rehashing, it is true that thus the very defenses we hope to which lasted perhaps 10 months, and the much of the current investigations are strengthen would be dissipated in an­ committee which I headed and which simply a rehashing of what was exposed other bloody division of potential anti­ was renewed 7 times by the House of years ago. It is true they have brought Soviet nation. Representatives and lasted for 7 years-­ out some additional details and elabora­ To me, it would be a terrible mistake, all of these committees, and every patri­ tions, and I do not want to disparage for example, to give military supplies otic and civic or labor organization that their work-! think there has been ex­ and arms to Egypt-and yet I hear has investigated this subject, have been cellent work done and I feel it has been rumors that America is on the point of unanimous in finding that communism is valuable to educate and alert the people; doing just that. a criminal conspiracy. but in connection with Mr. Hoover's op­ Again, I say, Mr. Speaker, to the Mem­ Time and time again in the course of position, it is predicated upon the bers of this body, let us think twice be­ our hearings we discovered that Com­ ground that if you drive them under­ fore we hand a loaded gun to an uncer­ munists would commit any crime to fur­ ground, then he cannot watch them. tain friend. ther that conspiracy. At the very be­ Let us be perfectly frank about this. ginning of the movement two of the lead­ The Communist Party was driven under­ ing Communists were imprisoned for ground from 1919 to 1924 under wartime BOLZA BAXTER counterfeiting, to secure money with legislation. Our committee unanimous­ Mr. WALTER. Mr. Speaker, I rise to which to finance the party's activities. ly found, and when I say unanimously, I a question of privilege of the House. We succeeded in putting Earl Browder call your attention to the fact that that The SPEAKER. The gentleman will in the penitentiary because of a violation included Republicans the same as Demo­ state it. of the passport law. crats. Mr. WALTER. Mr. Speaker, a mo­ It seems to me, and I want the gen­ Mr. WALTER. Was not the division tion to quash a subpena duces tecum, tleman's opinion about this, that after at that time 5 Democrats and 2 Repub­ together with an application for an inter­ this long period of time, and after all licans? locutory injunction, has been served these committees, headed by Democrats Mr. DIES. Five Democrats and two upon KIT CLARDY, subcommittee mem­ or Republicans, have concurred in the Republicans; that is correct. Our com­ ber of the House of Representatives on same finding that we are dealing here mittee unanimously found during this Un-American Activities, by one Bolza with a crime, and not with a political period, as a result of a study we made Baxter in a proceeding in the United movement or a political party, but with of the progress of communism during States district court in Detroit, Mich., a crime and a major crime, the worst the period that it was under cover, that wherein Representatives VELDE and crime that anyone can commit, because it was not able to make any headway in CLARDY are named as defendants. Bolza if someone steals your pocketbook he this country; that they had no contacts Baxter was subpenaed to testify before stea1s trash, you can replace it; but when and no influence. It became a threat the Committee on Un-American Activi­ he undertakes to steal your freedom and when it was given the legal apparatus so ties in the city of Detroit. This step fol­ your liberty, then he is committing a that they could camouflage and mas­ lows a pattern, a very familiar pattern. heinous offense-does not the gentleman querade their true aims and thus deceive It is the third instance when members of believe that in view of our declarations innocent and gullible people. Further­ Communist front organizations have to the world that we are opposing a crim­ more, Mr. Hoover has been in possession resorted to the same tactics in an at­ inal conspiracy, the time has come when of full and complete information with tempt to prevent the Committee on Un- we ought to be consistent and outlaw the regard to Communists, those concerning 1676 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE, February 12 whom there is reliable evidence of com· I trust that the distinguished chairman passed by the -congress became law, munism, in the Government of the' will find time to deal with it appropri­ making it a criminal offense to partici­ United States or who were on the Fed­ ately. It is an extremely important pate as a Communist in the Communist eral payroll since 1941. In 1941 we matter. · Party, in the event that became a stat­ t ransmitted to the then Attorney Gen· Mr. HOF'FMAN of Michigan. Mr. ute and became the responsibility of the eral Biddle the names of 1,124 employees Speaker, will the gentleman yield? Department of Justice, it would be no on the Federal payroll concerning whom Mr. WALTER. I yield. longer necessary to carry on in the House we had reliable evidence of communistic Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I have the activities of the On-American Ac­ affiliation. Permit me, if I may do so two questions in one. Is it not the opin­ tivities Committee, would it? without trespassing upon the time of the ion of the gentleman that this suit is a Mr. DIES. I would think if it becomes House, to make myself clear. When I nuisance suit, but even though it is, it is a crime it would be the problem of the say "evidence" I do not mean we had the absolutely necessary that the House take law-enforcement agencies and the courts membership cards. In a few instances action? to handle. we did, but Communists had long before Mr. WALTER. Yes. The answer is Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. then destroyed or concealed their mem­ "Yes'' to both questions. But I think this Speaker, will the gentleman yield? bership cards. But these 1,124 which suit itself offers very persuasive evidence Mr. WALTER. Later. contained the name of Hiss and White of the need to enact the kind of legisla­ That, of course, does not follow, be­ were affiliated with 2 or more organi­ tion the gentleman from Texas [Mr. cause there are other un-American ac­ zations which were under the control of DIES] has spoken of, because the man tivities than this Communist criminal the Communists. It must be borne in who has the temerity to bring this suit conspiracy to overthrow the Govern­ mind there were literally hundreds of is a Communist. This is simply the tra­ ment of the United States. thousands of innocent and gullible peo­ ditional Communist technique of dilatory Before moving the previous question, ple who joined Communist-front organ­ tactics by harassment. Mr. Speaker, I think I should call the izations. But these 1,124 were carefully The SPEAKER. The Clerk will re­ attention of the House to the fact that analyzed and considered, and we be­ port the resolution

SPECIAL ORDER GRANTED strange as it may seem, I have not said ~ay. Just what we may with propriety Mr. O'HARA of Illinois. Mr. Speaker. anything. That shocks you, does it not? say when we are justified in commenting the other day I asked for a special order It amazes you that I have not said any­ adversely on their policies and actions. of 1 hour on next Monday should the thing at all in this alleged name-calling Our former Speaker, Mr. RAYBURN, has House be in session, to commemorate the contest? not told us. But if we do find any fault, anniversary of the sinking of the battle­ Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, will probably we will not be able to, with ship Maine. As the House is not to be the gentleman yield? anything you gentlemen on the minority in session on next Monday I ask that the Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I yield side say or do, tell us how we can call at­ order previously entered for me for that to the gentleman from Minnesota. tention to it without offending you be­ day be changed to Tuesday. Mr. McCARTHY. I think that prob­ cause I do not want to offend anyone, The SPEAKER. Is there objection ably explains why they did not send the not even my Republican colleagues, cer­ to the request of the gentleman from gentleman out to make a Lincoln Day ad­ tainly not the Republican leadership. Illinois? dress. He has been too nice to us. If you will do that I am sure many a There was no objection. Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. The Republican will appreciate it and for gentleman does not know how I appre­ myself, may I thank you in advance. ciate that word. The former majority NAME CALLING leader, the gentleman from Massachu­ The SPEAKER. Under the previous setts [Mr. McCORMACK], is here. The OUR NATION-THE WORLD-NEEDS order of the House, the gentleman from gentleman from Minnesota does not THE PHILOSOPHY OF ABRAHAM Michigan [Mr. HOFFMAN] is recognized know how much that warms my heart­ LINCOLN TODAY for 15 minutes. tends to make me feel I am not alto­ The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Au­ Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. gether unworthy to serve here. I recall GUST H. ANDRESEN) . Under previous Speaker, this is one of those happy occa­ what the gentleman from Massachusetts special order of the House, the gentle­ sions when I find myself sitting inno­ said about me on at least two occasions. man from California [Mr. DoYLE] is cently but very interestedly on the side­ He said he had a minimum of admira­ recognized for 30 minutes. lines reading the papers and listening tion for me. That was parliamentary Mr. DOYLE. Mr. Speaker, I thank you to statements from the well of the House ·language. I do not know what he meant. and my colleagues for unanimously and from which we learn that the Presi­ I do not know whether he meant I was granting me this special order opportu­ dent has admonished the Republicans a Communist, a Fascist, a drunkard, or nity on the floor of this great legislative to quit being naughty and calling bad what. How thankful am I that the good body to speak of my deep appreciation of, names when they refer to their Demo­ people of the Fourth District of Michi­ and affection for, what that great citizen cratic friends and colleagues. gan do not share his views. Someone of the ages, Abraham Lincoln, did in his Tolerance is always an admirable trait. was talking here about those people who al: too short lifetime for our beloved Last week we were told by the former have been discharged for security rea­ Nation. Speaker of the House, whom we all re­ sons. As far as I am concerned, I was On this, the anniversary of his birth, spect and admire so highly, that the not bothered much about that. If a man on February 12, 1809, as the son of Nancy Democratic backs were getting a little is a Communist, sure, we ought to let and Thomas Lincoln, and the grandson sore. I do not know what from-carry­ him go. If he is a drunkard, we ought of Abraham Lincoln, a distinguished Vir­ ing the load of criticism they have been to let him go. If he is a pervert, and ginia pioneer who was killed by the In­ heaping upon Republicans and the Re­ there were some 200 at one time dis­ dians, I again find renewed inspiration publican administration-or because charged for that, we should let them go and guidance by reviewing some of my they are worrying because of their mis­ because the Government lacks some de­ personal files and library on him who was takes and so wearing themselves down-I gree of security if they are on the pay­ a member of this very legislative body do not know what it is. Whatever it is roll. Somebody is apt to get up on the during the 30th session of this Congress they have my sympathy. But here is blind side of one and get some secret out from March 4, 1847, to March 3, 1849. the point I want to make, if I may: Two of him. Of course, if you want to call I recall that upon most of the anni­ Members of this body whom I respect him a Communist I think you should versaries of Abe Lincoln's birth, while I and admire very greatly, the gentleman have the evidence-the same goes for have been a Member o{ this House dur­ from California [Mr. HoLIFIELD], and my any other charge that is made. ing these 8 years, it has been my great good colleague, the gentleman from I have tried to stay within the facts pride to have the privileges of this floor Michigan [Mr. RABAUTJ, have special and the parliamentary rules when criti­ and of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD to re­ orders today. As I understood them, cism is offered and I propose to do so mind Members of Congress and the they intend to make Lincoln Day in the future. American people of at least a few of the speeches. I hope as many Members as But maybe sometime I will want to untarnished, enduring virtues of this conveniently can will stay and listen. say something in the well of the House God -loving, self -sacrificing, and most It has been a long time since I heard a which might be slightly critical of the humbly born and reared American. real good Lincoln Day speech, and if Democratic administrations, the two For instance, some of these occasions they will be so kind, and if the President that have just gone by, or of some things when I have done so were on February will be so kind, and the gentleman from said here, some argument that is made. 14, 1949, April 26, 1949, February 10, Texas [Mr. RAYBURN] will be so kind and That is the reason for asking that we 1950, February 12, 1951, February 11, so considerate as to advise the Repub­ be advised just how we can call attention 1952, and at page A617 in the Appendix licans just what names the Republicans to shortcomings on the part of the op­ of the CoNGRESSIONAL RECORD, VOlume 99, can use-I do not mean necessarily from position, if there be such without incur­ part 9. With the assistance of the a parliamentary standpoint, but just to ring the displeasure of our President. Congressional Library I called atten­ use outside, for example, what names The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. tion to verified sayings of Abraham Republicans can with propriety use when AUGUST H. ANDRESEN). Did the gentle­ Lincoln as State legislator, as Congress­ they want to describe the actions of the man address a question to the Chair? man, and as President. My remarks of last two administrations or refer per­ Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Not a February 10, 1950, in observation of the haps to legislation or investigations, and question; I just observed he is serving 141st anniversary of his birth was en­ to some of the Members on the minority with as much ability and distinction as titled "Our Nation-the ·world-Needs side, that is, the temporary minority our elected Speaker. I hope the present the Philosophy of Abraham Lincoln." side, and not transgress the rules of the occupant of the chair may continue to That was 4 years ago. But, Mr. Speaker, House nor of good taste. represent his great district and that he would anyone now say that either our At present the way the situation may also be elevated to the position Nation or the world does not still need stands and in view of the President's which he is now so capably filling. the applied philosophy of Abraham Lin­ statement as interpreted by members of I request my colleagues from the Dem­ coln? And because the record of many the opposition, we do not know what to ocratic side who intend to speak of Lin­ years last past so indelibly marks the do. Must we avoid all criticism of our coln to make themselves clear, in view fact that his wholesomeness, his inher­ political opponents and their doings? of the fact that the President has not ent honesty, his righteous indignation at Being uncertain as to just what to do. told us just what we may with propriety wrongdoing, his applied Christianity to 1684: CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 12 the problems of humankind, and his P~­ He evidently experienced no ill effects thought to the proposition that no office­ triotic devotion on the highest possible from this very personal experience. holder in this history of our great Nation level to his public "duty, have been my Having previously urged you, my dis­ has ever so tenaciously or clearly spoken guiding star which I have sought to tinguished colleagues, and all American and worked on the basis of principle follow in both my private life and my citizens to visit as many as possible of alone as did Abraham Lincoln. public life, I ask your understanding the Lincoln shrines, especially in Indi­ My colleagues, these days when in the indulgence and allowance for me to fur­ ana, Kentucky, Illinois, and Washington, stress of and natural desire for political ther observe the fact that I cannot re­ D. C., I wish to again renew that em­ gain and advancement so many of us member when, in my lifetime, the exam­ phasis. Because he was what he was, and yield to the temptation to be petty and ple of Abraham Lincoln's life was not because his life as a public servant is small; to overstate, exaggerate, and, even my ideal of American citizenship. But, undoubtedly the one which we who follow worse, toward our political opposition, it with this personal remark, I do now him in public service would be most is clear as crystal to me that we as Amer­ continue to recognize that my bumble proud to emulate in even the remotest ican Congressmen must adopt as our and sincere desire to speak adequately degree, I again urge that not only all guiding motive those words of candidate­ of his matchless service to our beloved adult Americans possible visit these his­ for-office Lincoln when he said: Nation, does not give me either ability torical Abraham Lincoln shrines, but We have to fight this battle upon principle, or wisdom enough to find the words that they take with them as many Amer­ and principle alone. or the language, with which to inter­ ican children and American youth and pret my appraisement of this former young people as possible. Such activity When Mrs. Doyle and I last visited the United States Congressman and Presi­ cannot help but make a definite intelli­ birthplace farm and cabin where Lincoln dent of the United States, who has so gible contribution to our great Nation's was born and walked over some of the appropriately been accepted as a citi­ spiritual and material uplift and secu­ trails and paths which, no doubt, he had zen of the ages. Therefore, I again this rity. used, and then when we last visited New morning, as before, merely undertake to The last time Mrs. Doyle and I stood Salem, Ill., and Petersburg, TIL, these vis­ call to your attention some of the in­ at the doorway of the original birth­ its again helped us to understand why stances, occasions, and experiences in place cabin of Lincoln in the National in Lincoln's message to Congress in 1861 connection with his life as a citizen and Historical Park near Hodgenville, Ky., he, amongst other things, said: also as a public servant which are not and there read one of his great sayings, The prudent, penniless beginner in the generally described or referred to, in which was delivered by him at Peoria, world labors for wages a while, saves a sur­ plus with which to buy tools or land for connection with the observation of this, TIL, October 16, 1854, as follows: himself, and at length hires another new be­ the anniversary of his birth. Stand with anyone that stands right. ginner to help him. This is the just and It is related with considerable author­ Stand with him while he is right and part generous and prosperous system which opens ity that when Abraham Lincoln was a with him when he goes wrong. the way to all-gives hope to all, and conse­ member of the Illinois State Legislature quent energy and progress and improvement I also recalled that the aforesaid say­ of condition to all. he exchanged several letters with one ing was the one I noticed most fre­ Austin Gollaber, one of his early boy­ quently on walls of offices in and about All of my adult life, including these hood friends, regarding his birthplace the Capitol Building. For instance, re­ more than 7 years I ha~e now been a near Hodgenville, Ky., and that when cently I noticed it again in the first-aid Member of this Congress, I have borne in Gollaher, as justice of the peace in the room. When I asked the nurse why she mind what Abraham Lincoln wrote in backwoods of Kentucky wrote State had it there on the wall of the room, his first message to Congress when he Legislator Lincoln and said in his letter: she proudly stated that it was because said: I don't hold much with sentencing men Lincoln had stated for her the way she This is essentially a people's contest. On to jail. Instead I sentence them to go to believed people should do. Thereupon the side of the Union it is a. struggle for church regular for 6 months or a year. It maintaining in the world that form and sub­ works fine. was another illustration of the increas­ ing awareness of the American people stance of government whose leading object The illinois lawyer answered and said: is to elevate the condition of men-to lift that America would be much better off artificial weights from all shoulders; to clear I like your idea, but I wonder if God enjoys if, as a daily practice, the applied ideal the paths of laudable pursuit for all; to af­ being used as a punishment. of daily American experience and prac­ ford all an unfettered start, and a fair chance In connection with the apparent fact tice was to stand with anyone that in the race of life. that Lincoln never joined a church, I stands right and to part with him when Is there any amongst you who today have noted in the written record that he goes wrong. would disagree with the aforesaid para­ Lincoln was always reverent to the And another of his character-building graph in Lincoln's first message to Con­ Divine and always sincerely respectful sayings which will live in the hearts of gress? Is there any of us today who hold of Christianity; helpful and sincere in every sincere, patriotic American who contrary to this declaration by Lincoln the promulgation of the principles of seeks to live nobly and perform his daily to the Congress in session when he first Christianity. It is establish that his duties, was uttered by Lincoln in his became President of this great Nation? father was a member of the Pigeon Creek great speech at Cooper Institute in New Is the purpose of us struggling to main­ Baptist Church, and that also Sarah York City, February 27, 1860, is as tain in our great Nation that form and Bush Lincoln, she whom Abe Lincoln follows: substance of Government as of this day adored and in later years called his angel Let us have faith that right makes might. and in this present session of Congress mother, was an active member. Lincoln And in that faith let us to the end dare to different than the content of Lincoln's frequently quoted the Scripture and do our duty as we understand it. first message? If any of you believe that habitual reference thereto by him was During that historical debate with the leading objectives of Government manifestly founded upon his personal Senator Stephen Douglas, one of the for which Lincoln gave his life are dif­ acquaintance with the Holy Bible. It master orators in American public life, ferent now than when he was assassi­ was one of his most valuable assets, and in 1858, Lincoln again enunciated the nated, I would like to have you state gave him faith and wisdom. same high principles for American pub­ those differences. In his 1846 campaign for election when lic servants and private citizens when And this leads me to make the obser­ his petty political enemies sought to use he said during one of those debates in vation that even President Lincoln was his nonchurch membership against him, answer to the political cynicism of not without petty political enemies with­ Lincoln answered in writing and said: Senator Douglas as follows: in his own political party, and within his That I am not a. member of any Christian On the contrary, nobody has ever expected own executive administration of our be­ church, Is true; but I have never denied the me to be President. In my poor, lean, lank loved Nation. Time does not here per­ truth of the Scriptures; and I have never face, nobody has ever seen that any cabbages mit for me to more than just refer to one spoken with intentional disrespect of religion were sprouting out. These are disadvan­ most sarcastic and bitter attack upon the in general, or of any denomination of Chris­ tages all taken together, that the Republi­ President from Halls of Congress. For tians in particular. cans labor under. We have to fight this this instance I relate to a book in our battle upon principle, and principle alone. In this connection the more I read of Congressional Library entitled "Lincoln his total life, I am more and more con­ So, because the record is so crystal and the Radicals," by Thomas Harry vinced that he preeminently knew God. clear in the premises I challenge your Williams, copyrighted by the University 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE 1685 of Wisconsin, 1941, page 165 thereof, the Ford Theater, where Lincoln was as­ devotion to that cause for which they gave where the author says: sassinated, under the auspices of the Na­ the last full measure of devotion-that we tional Park Service and the Lincoln here highly resolve these dead shall not have In particular they were infuriated because died in vain; that this Nation under God Lincoln had dared to threaten Congress with Group of the District of Columbia. It shall have a new birth of freedom, and that a veto before final passage of the bill. This has been my pleasure to be personally government of the people, by the people, for was Executive usurpation of the rights of present at these annual occasions these the people shall not perish from the earth. Congress, they cried. The President was try· several years last passed and to actively ing to bully the representatives of the peo· participate therein. On February 14, Following are a few of his always perti­ pie; he was a dictator. Wade blasted Fes· nent sayings: senden for "mousing around" the Executive 1950, I received the following communi- Office to find out the Presidential will. Per· cation: - In using the strong hand, as now compelled haps Senators were willing to abdicate the UNITED STATES to do, the Government has a difficult duty powers of Congress, he exclaimed, and crawl DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, to perform. At the very best it will by turns before the White House throne: "(We) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE, do both too little and too much. It can ought to have a committee on vetoes; we Washington, D. C., Feburary 13, 1950. properly have no motive of revenge, no pur­ ought to have a committee to wait on the Hon. CLYDE DOYLE, pose to punish m-erely for punishment's sake. House of Representatives. While we must by all available means pre­ President whenever we send him a bill, to vent the overthrow of the Government, we know what his royal pleasure is in regard to DEAR MR. DoYLE: Please permit me to ex­ press our appreciation for your cooperation should avoid planting and cultivating too it; and whether it contains anything he many thorns in the bosom of society. (To would like to modify. • • • I am astonished and assistance in serving as chairman of the Lincoln Anniversary Program at the Lincoln Secretary Stanton, April 18, 1864.) that men should come in here, creeping in Knowing, as I well do, the difficulty that at the back door, with vetoes." And the old Museum yesterday. Thanks to you, it was one of the best programs we have ever had poor people now encounter in procuring Jacobin finished with a sneer that only a homes, I hesitate not to say that when the few favored Senators could secure an audi· at the museum and it was attended by the largest number of persons. The audience of price of public lands shall be doubled or ence with the royal presence: "Others, when trebled, or, which is the same thing, produce they go to see the President, find that they 485 was probably the largest that has been in the old Ford Theater Building at any and labor cut down to one-half or one-third are debarred all access to him. Nobody can of their present prices, it will be little less see him, it seems, except some privileged time since the night of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. than impossible for them to procure those gentlemen who are charged with his consti· homes at all. (Speech at Springfield, Ill., tutional conscience." We know that you will be with us at our future Lincoln Museum programs, and we December 20, 1839.) So it is that in these destiny-making All honor to Jefferson-to the man, who, will be looking forward with great pleasure in the concrete pressure of a struggle for days and partisan political contests for to seeing you. national independence by a single people, advantage and control in the Halls of Sincerely yours, had the coolness, forecast, and capacity to Congress and the White House, it is well, EDWARD KELLY, introduce into a merely revolutionary docu­ is it not, that it is clearly remembered Special Assistant to the Superintendent. ment an abstract truth, applicable to all that even Abraham Lincoln, so appro­ And then on October 13, 1950, I was men and all tilDes, and so to embalm it there priately and effectively referred to, was greatly pleased to receive advice from that today and in all coming days it shall charged by leading members of his own be a rebuke and a stumbling block to the the Lincoln Group of the District of Co­ very harbingers of reappearing tyranny and political party in the United States Con­ lumbia, Washington, D. C., that I had oppression. (Speech at Springfield, Dl., AprU gress with having royal pleasure and been elected to serve 4 years as a member 6, 1859.) with doing something which made it of the board of governors of that na­ Labor is prior to, and independent of, capi­ necessary for Members of Congress to tionally known group, the objectives of tal. Capital is only the fruit of labor, and be creeping in at the back door, with which, according to its constitution are: could never have existed if labor had not first existed. Labor is the superior of capital, vetoes. Article II. Objects: The objects of the group is and deserves much the higher consideration. So it too often true that in the shall be (a) the collection, preservation, and (Annual message to Congress, December 3, course of conduct in public life in our dissemination of knowledge respecting the 1861.) great Nation, not only to men in high history, biography, and worldwide influence Let them (workingmen) beware of sur­ places with thoughtlessness and, yes, of Abraham Lincoln, and to (b) honor the rendering a political power they already pos­ sometimes with deliberate design to de­ memory of that g~:eat humanitarian by ap­ sess, and which, if surrendered, would surely stroy the usefulness of a fellow Ameri­ propriate convocations and exercises. be used to close the door of advancement can-malign and irreparably damage against such as they, and fix new disabilities This Lincoln Group deserves your and burdens upon them, tlll all of liberty the character and conduct of fellow­ more active attention and help. shall be lost. (Annual message, December men; these fellow citizens being at least Mr. Speaker, that famous Gettysburg 3, 1861.) as devoted and as patriotic toward the address given by President Lincoln No­ For my part I desire to see the time when American way of life as the petty, small vember 19, 1863, has played such an in­ education-and by its means, morality, brains and voices which attack them. spiring place and plan in all of my high sobriety, enterprise, and industry-shall be­ The foregoing instance wherein Benja­ school, college, and later years that I come much more general then at present, min F. Wade and others maligned Presi­ and should be gratified to have it in my again wish to give the exact wording power to contribute something to the ad­ dent Lincoln for their own selfish po­ thereof: vancement of any measure which might have litical aggrandizement is but one of Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers a tendency to accelerate that happy period. many such similar instances which this brought forth, upon this continent, a new (Address to Sangamon County, March 9, great martyred President had before his nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to 1832.) untimely assassination at the murderous the proposition that all men are created The fight must go on. The cause of civil hands of Booth. equal. liberty must not be surrendered at the end Mr. Speaker, in making these infor­ Now we are engaged in a great civil war, of 1 or even 100 defeats. (Letter to H. As• mal remarks, with a very clear aware­ testing whether that nation, or any nation bury, Springfield, Ill., November 19, 1858.) so conceived, and so dedicated, can long Never add the weight of • • • character ness on my part of my continuing and endure. We are met on a great battlefield to charge against (a) fellow man, without total inability to do the subject justice of that war. We have come to dedicate a knowing it to be true. I believe it is an estab­ by reason of any words or language in portion of it, as a final resting place for those lished maxim in morals that he who makes my vocabulary or sincere resources, I who died here, that the Nation might live. an assertion without knowing whether it is would feel unworthy of, and ungrateful It is altogether fitting and proper that we true or false is guilty of falsehood, and the to, the claims I have made since early should do this. But, in a larger sense, we accidental truth of the assertion does not childhood of my affection for and per­ cannot dedicate--we cannot consecrate-we justify or excuse him. This maxim ought to cannot hallow, this ground. The brave men, be particularly held in view when we con­ sonal inspiration gained by reason -of the living and dead, who struggled here, have template an attack upon the reputation of life of Abraham Lincoln. It is he who consecrated it, far above our poor power to our neighbor. (Letter to editor of Illinois has always been and is now my highest add or detract. The world will little note, Gazette, Springfield, Ill., August 11, 1846.) exemplification of American citizenship nor long remember what we say here; but Persisting in a charge which one does not and of public service in the interest of it can never forget what they did here. know to be true is simply malicious slander. the Constitution of the United States It is for us the living rather to be dedi­ (Cooper Institute address, New York, N. Y., cated to the unfinished work which they February 27, 1860.) and our Bill of Rights. who fought here thus far so nobly advanced. A man cannot prove the negative, but he One of the annual occasions in mem­ It is rather for us, to be here dedicated to has a right to claim that when one makes ory of Abe Lincoln here at the Nation's the great task remaining before us--that, an affirmative charge he must offer some Capital is the annual program held at :from these honored dead we take increased proof to show the truth of what he says. 1686 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 12 (Statement during debate at Ottawa, Ill., selected for special partisan purposes. which is now called the party of Abra­ August 21, 1858.) On such a special day, I would not pre­ ham Lincoln. It used to be a fashion amongst men that when a charge was made, some sort of proof sume to speak to members of the Re­ I do not repudiate that party. If the was brought forward to establish it, and if publican Party in my own name or in memory of me can serve the cause of no proof was found to exist, the charge was the name of the Democratic Party. I justice and of peace in my country, and dropped. (Speech at Jonesboro, Ill., Septem­ have attempted, therefore, to avoid this in the world, through its use as the in­ ber 15, 1858.) difficulty by trying to imagine what strument of a political party, I offer it Truth is generally the best vindication Abraham Lincoln might say to members without condition or limitation. My against slander. (Letter to Secretary Stan­ of the Republican Party if he were ad­ hope is that the best of me, of my life, ton, July 14, 1864.) dressing them today. I regret that there will be used as the guide and example I believe we need nothing so much as to get rid of unjust suspicion of one another. are not more members of the Republican of the party that claims me. (Letter to Charles L. Wilson, June 1, 1858.) Party on the floor today. History has certainly not proved that Those who deny freedom to others deserve Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. Mr. all of my practical political decisions it not for themselves, and, under the rule of Speaker, will the gentleman yield? were right. I have become less certain of a just God, cannot long retain it. (Letter Mr. McCARTHY. I yield. the wisdom of some as time has passed. to H. L. Pierce and others, April 6, 1859.) Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. The I will not, therefore, advise you on im.. I do not propose to question the patriotism regularly elected Speaker is here; the mediate and practical problems today. or to assail the motives of any man or class I will of men. (Speech at Peoria, Ill., October 16, Speaker pro tempore is here. speak to you of principles of per­ 1854.) Mr. McCARTHY. I do not mean to sonal and political conduct, for of these But we ourselves must not decline the bur­ protest or criticize. I realize they are I have become more certain. den of responsibility, nor take counsel of away on what they consider a good I wish, first, to reaffirm my often minority passions. (Speech at Bloomington, cause. I notice, however, the gentleman quoted, and often contradicted, state­ Ill., May 29, 1856.) from Michigan has been left here or ment that the "legitimate object of gov­ Let us be diverted by none of those • • • chosen to remain. ernment is to do for a community of contrivances such as groping for some middle people whatever they need to have done, ground between the right and the wrong; Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. And vain as the search for a man who should there cannot be more than 20 of you but cannot do at all, or cannot so well be neither a living man nor a dead man. Democrats here. You have nothing to do for themselves in their separate and Neither let us be slandered from our duty be out in the country for. individual capacities"-Spring:field, Ill., by false accusations against us, nor fright­ Mr. McCARTHY. The remammg 1854. ened from it by menaces of destruction to You must not bind yourselves to the the Government, nor of dungeons to our­ member of the Progressive Party is here. I did notice an old Non-Partisan Leaguer changing as though it were fixed and selves. Let us have faith that right makes unchanging. You must now, as the party might, and in that faith let us to the end on the floor a while ago. The gentleman dare to do our duty as we understand it. from Michigan is in good company to­ in power, accept the responsibilities of (Speech at Cooper Institute, New York, N.Y., day. that position, the responsibility for de­ September 27, 1860.) cision, as I was forced to accept it. I Mr. HOFFMAN of Michigan. I am in am the only Republican President who In my remarks on February 11, 1952, good company whenever I associate my­ has made the hard decision to engage the I closed the same with the very words self with the present minority party. citizens of this country in a major war­ with which I wish to close these remarks, Mr. McCARTHY. Mr. Speaker, if and, more particularly, war against this 12th day of February 1954. Lincoln were here today, I believe that other citizens of this country. This was Mr. Speaker, truly the birth, life, and he would speak to the Republicans some­ not an easy decision. I knew, however, death of Abraham Lincoln has deserved­ what in this manner: before my election, that it might have to ly achieved an enduring place in the Just as I did not expect the words of be made. The words of my message to affection of mankind and has miracu­ my simple address at Gettysburg to be Congress, in December 1862, are appli­ lously shaped the destiny of mankind long remembered, neither did I expect cable today. Then I said: more than we Americans realize. So let that I would some day be chosen-! can­ The occasion Is piled high with difficulty, us take heed of the simplicity, sincerity, not say as the spiritual leader-but and we must rise with the occasion. As our sobriety, uncommon honesty, sympa­ rather as the man to represent and sym­ case is new, so we must think anew and thetic generosity, unselfishness, and bolize the spirit and purposes of the act anew. humility of Abraham Lincoln. I would Republican Party. This heavy responsi­ not mind being able to contact and con­ bility I bear alone. Whereas, in the Also: sciously copy some of his daily traits of other great political party this responsi­ But we ourselves must not decline the bility is distributed among 4 or 5 past burden of responsibility, nor take counsel habit and character. Would you? of minority passions. (Bloomington, 111., Mr. Speaker, I yield back the re­ leaders, the Republican Party, for some 1856.) mainder of my time. reason, has chosen me alone. Let us be diverted by none of those • • • The SPEAKER pro tempore

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

Improved Benefits Under the Railroad additional compensation under the Un­ Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers; employment Insurance Act, it is also pro­ Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and Retirement Act and the Railroad Unem­ vided that the daily benefit rate shall Enginemen; Order of Railway Conductors; Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen; Switch­ ployment Insurance Act not be less than one-half the last daily men's Union of North America; The Order rate of pay at which he worked in rail­ of Railroad Telegraphers; American Train EXTENSION OF REMARKS road employment, but with a maximum Dispatchers Association; Railway Employees' OF of $8. Department, A. F. of L.; International As­ Fifth. Crediting of compensation sociation of Machinists; International HON. CHARLES A. WOLVERTON earned after age 65: Under present law, Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron Ship compensation earned after retirement Builders, Blacksmiths, Forgers, and Helpers; OF NEW JERSEY Brotherhood Railway Carmen of America; IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES age is used in computing the annuity even though through lower earnings in Sheet Metal Workers International Associa­ Friday, February 12, 1954 tion; International Brotherhood of Electrical later years this operates to reduce the Workers; International Brotherhood of Fire­ Mr. WOLVERTON. Mr. Speaker, I annuity. The bill provides for disre­ men & Oilers; Brotherhood of Railway and have today introduced H. R. 7840, a bill garding such compensation-though Steamship Clerks, Freight Handlers, Express. to amend the Railroad Retirement Act, crediting the service-if using such com­ and Station Employes; Brotherhood of pensation would reduce the annuity. Maintenance of Way Employes; Brotherhood the Railroad Retirement Tax Act, and of Railroad Signalmen of America; National the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Sixth. Receipt of both survivor annu­ Organization Masters, Mates & Pilots of Act. Hearings on this bill before the ity and retirem_ent annuity: Under America; National Marine Engineers' Bene­ Committee on Interstate and Foreign present law, a widow who has had rail­ ficial Association; International Longshore­ Commerce will begin at an early date. road employment and is eligible for a men's Association; Hotel & Restaurant This bill is jointly sponsored by all retirement annuity in her own right and Employes and Bartenders International standard railway labor organizations. who would also be eligible for a survivor Union; Railroad Yardmasters of America; annuity by reason of her husband's em­ Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. It provides for the liberalization of bene­ The above organizations represent sub­ fits to retired railroad workers, their ployment has the latter offset against stantially all the railroad workers in the widows and children, and increases the the former and cannot receive both; the United States. We will be very grateful to daily benefit rate for unemployed rail­ bill provides for both to be paid. you if you will introduce this bill and do road workers. A summary of the Seventh. Delegates to convention: all you consistently can to expedite its changes proposed by this bill is as fol­ Under present law, service as a delegate prompt consideration. lows: to a labor -organization convention is Respectfully yours. LAWRENCE V. BYRNES, First. Widows benefits at age 60: Un­ covered employment. These conven­ Assistant Grand Chief Engineer and der present law aged widows are not elig­ tions frequently include delegates from National Legislative Representa­ ible for survivors benefits until age 65. units outside the railroad industry or tive, Brotherhood of Locomotive The bill reduces the eligibility age to 60. outside the country who have no other Engineers. Second. Disability work clause: Un­ covered employment. The accumula­ A. M. LAMPLEY, der present law, a disability annuitant tion of these trifling credits is of no sub­ Vice President-National Legisla­ is deemed recovered if he earns more stantial value compared with the nui­ tive Representative, Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen and En­ than $75 in each of six consecutive sance of recording it and collecting the ginemen. months. The bill provides for withhold­ taxes on it. The bill excludes such serv­ w. D. JOHNSON, ing the annuity in any month in which ice from coverage where the individual Vice President and National Legis­ more than $100 is earned·. This will re­ has no other covered employment. lative Representative, Order of move hardships on the one hand, and Mr. Speaker, I have received the fol­ Railway Conductors. eliminate abuses on the other. lowing letter from representatives of all HARRY SEE, Third. Survivor's benefits for disabled the standard railway labor organizations National Legislative Representative_ Brotherhood of Railroad Train· children and widowed mothers: Under in behalf of this bill. I am happy to men. present law, a widowed mother and her note that all these organizations are in A. E. LYON, child cease getting survivor's benefits full agreement in supporting this legis­ Executive Secretary, Railway Labor when the child reaches age 18 even lation. Executives' Association. though the child may be completely dis­ RAILWAY LABOR EXECUTIVES' AsSOCIATION, abled for any employment. The bill Washington, D. C., February 12, 1954. provides that if the child is permanently Hon. CHARLES A. WOLVERTON, and totally disabled, the survivor's bene­ Chairman, House Interstate and For­ The "Treason" of Cardinal Mindszenty fits to the widowed mother and child eign Commerce Committee, will continue beyond age 18. House Office Building, Washington, D. C. EXTENSION OF REMARKS Fourth. Maximum creditable and tax­ DEAR MR. CHAIRMAN: This is to advise that OF able compensation: Under present law, all the standard railroad labor unions, in­ the maximum compensation that is tax­ cluding the four train and engine service HON. WILLIAM T. GRANAHAN able and creditable for · both railroad brotherhoods and all the organizations iden­ OF PENNSYLVANIA retirement and unemployment insur­ tified with the Railway Labor Executives' IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ance purposes is $300 per month. The Association, are in full agreement and in bill increases this maximum to $350 both support of the draft bill which has been de­ Friday, February 12, 1954 for tax purposes and for credit toward livered to your otfice by Messrs. Johnson and· Kolanda, which would amend the railroad Mr. GRANAHAN. Mr. Speaker, 5 benefits under both the railroad retire­ retirement and railroad unemployment in­ years ago this month when a so-called ment and unemployment insurance sys­ surance systems. For your ready reference, people's court in Budapest, Hungary-a tems. In connection with establishing these recognized standard railroad labor Communist kangaroo court with no more the new benefit rates for crediting this organizations are listed. resemblance to a court of justice than a. C-10~ 1694 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 12 Communist people's democracy resem­ rule men's minds by force and violence including a recent letter from one of my bles a real democracy-handed down the feared religion and thus sought to constituents in the postal service: infamous verdict of guilty and sentenced destroy it. BEcKLEY, W. VA., January 25, 1954. Joseph Cardinal Mindszenty to life im­ The lesson learned then was repeated Hon. ROBERT C. BYRD, prisonment, the free world was shocked in 1944 when he was again arrested and Washington, D. C. jailed-this time by order of the Nazis, DEAR Sm: I am requesting your continued and dismayed. support in effecting increased salaries for To any who had even a lingering pursuing a similar goal of shackling or postal employees. After working 13 years doubt as to the depths of Communist destroying religion. Then, more than 5 in the Beckley, W. Va., post office I find depravity and barbarity, this made-in­ years ago, he began his third period of myself living by a stricter budget than ever Moscow decision was the final convinc­ imprisonment by totalitarian criminals before. ing evidence that free men and Com­ seeking to crush religion in Hungary. Realizing that more pay is the old, old munists do not mean the same things by Secretary of State John Foster Dulles complaint, here is a brief resume of my the same words. accurately described the true meaning of position: Cardinal Mindszenty's role in history Married, family of 4 Cardinal Mindszenty was adjudged by Monthly his Communist captors and persecutors last month when he said, on the anni­ Take-home pay ______$303 as guilty of treason. Did they mean versary of the Cardinal's arrest in treason to the people of Hungry? Of December, 1948: Modest home payment______55 course not. The charge was treason to The case of Cardinal Mindszenty, a de­ Food------125 the principles of atheistic inhumanity, fender of the faith and of human freedom Utilities------22 of animal-like cruelty, of degradation of against both of the great tyrannies of our the rights and dignity of mankind. time, is not closed. It is acth:ely before the Total------202 Yes, there can be no doubt that Car­ conscience of his countrymen and that of dinal Mindszenty was guilty of despising free peoples throughout the world. The 101 communism, of hating injustice and prolongation of his unjust incarceration The above is figured roughly, but leaves adds daily to the moral poverty of his cap­ $25.25 each week for clothing, school ex­ persecution and slavery, of fighting tors. penses for one, life and fire insurance, doctor against the conquest of religion, of re­ and dentist bills, operation of 1949 Chevro­ fusing to be a party to the degradation Mr. Speaker, though Cardinal Mind­ let, and the many incidental expenses that of the human spirit. szenty remains convicted under Com­ always pop up out of nowhere. Saving ac­ Farce though it was, his trial was the munist theories of justice of the crime of count was not listed, such items are now inevitable end product of Communist treason, it is well to note on this fifth nonexistent for me. domination of his homeland, for men anniversary of that tragic occurrence The large majority of employees here work like Cardinal Mindszenty and the Luth­ that his guilt consisted of refusing to an extra job, or their wives work. This is eran Bishop Lajos Ordass who preceded commit treason to his God, to his reli­ far from ideal for a contented home life, gion, to his countrymen or his fellow or for best performance while on the job. the Cardinal in the prisoner's dock of Surely an employee's welfare should be the Communist court in Budapest stood humans on this earth. His crime was considered on at least an even basis with in the way of Communist control over to uphold decency. To communism, of a corresponding dollar mark in the so-called the minds of the Hungarian people. course, no crime is worse. But to those postal deficit. On that sad day 5 years ago when a who believe in God and practice His I do not consider myself, or my organiza· brave churchman stood before his tor­ word, his actions stand as a true symbol tion, particularly greedy. We were voted a mentors and thanked God that his con­ of nobility of the human spirit. salary increase July 1, 1951, which has defi­ nitely not kept us abreast of rapidly rising science was clear, this House was moved living costs. to action to protest the farce and cruelty of his arrest and sentence, and I am Sincerely yours, proud that I was privileged to vote for Postal Employees and the Cost of Living RUSSELL R. FEAZELL. that resolution. I call on Congress to recognize and act I am proud, too, that our Secretary of on this matter as previous Congresses State at that time, Dean Acheson, EXTENSION OF REMARKS have done. It is clearly the duty of this promptly and in the name of the United OF legislative body to remove the inequity States, labeled the trial of Cardinal which has befallen the people of the Mindszenty and the persecution of Luth­ HON. ROBERT C. BYRD postal establishment over which they eran Bishop Ordass as attempts to dis­ OF WEST VIRGINIA have no control. Only through congres­ credit and coerce religious leadership in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sional action can this situation be cor­ Hungary in order to remove this source rected. I therefore propose that a gen­ of moral resistance to communism. He Friday, February 12, 1954 eral pay increase be awarded our postal added that the people of the United Mr. BYRD. Mr. Speaker, through the workers. Let no class of personnel be States are sickened and horrified by years Congress has established, by law, excluded. these developments and fully compre­ certain basic rights for postal employees. The cost of living affects every worker hend the threat they constitute to free Notable among these rights is the con­ from the lowest to the highest levels. institutions everywhere. cept that postal workers are entitled to We must, in all propriety, include post­ The words spoken then are truer than compensation which will enable them to masters who are the local managers of ever today. The Cardinal thrust into a support themselves and their families in this great communication system, and prison cell to live out his life in cruel a manner consistent with American who deserve to be given full considera­ confinement is today more than ever a standards. This concept has been of tion in this matter. symbol of the conscience of mankind in great importance to the group of Ameri­ It is entirely proper that we should resisting the designs of communism to cans who man the postal services. grant pay increases to those who labor enslave the minds of men and banish When living costs rise, the postal work­ daily to handle the mail. As a group, religion from the face of the earth. ers, with their fixed income, are placed and a large group at that, they are For Cardinal Mindszenty, this has at a disadvantage. Their weekly earn­ widely noted for their loyalty and con­ been no new experience. On February ings tend to cover less and less of their scientious service. The postal carrier in­ 9, 1919, 35 years ago, he suffered for the expenses. Previous Congresses have rec­ variably commands the respect and con­ first time the indecent affront and hard­ ognized this fact and have adjusted post fidence of his fellow citizens. ship of arrest by totalitarian rulers of office salaries upward when conditions It is proper from an additional stand­ his homeland. Then, too, it was by a wan·anted. point that we so act. The Post Office Communist regime-that of Bela Kun. At the present time the average postal Department has developed into a great He was at that time held many months employee is again at a disadvantage, and institution through the years. In gen­ without trial as a hostage. It was as a he is slowly being squeezed by the daily eral it has never been considered a man of 27, a priest for only a few years, demands which exceed his income. In moneymaking venture. Rather it has that he first experienced the aggression this respect, and to emphasize how the stressed service to the general public, of totalitarian rulers against religion. postal employee is being caught under and humanitarianism toward those who He learned then that those who would the relentless lever of higher costs, I am comprise its personnel. If we are to keep 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1695 the faith of this loyal group of men, and eountry. Its estimated population in Washington area. Therefore, it has of our predecessors in these Halls of 1952 was over 182,000. fallen in the hands of quite a number Congress, we must act to close the gap Statehood for this great Territory of people. I understand now that some­ between the pay of the postal workers should not be considered on a partisan where in the neighborhood of 100 phy­ and their living expenses. basis. Partisan politics has no part in sicians in the Washington area are fa­ such a cause. I should like to remind miliar and have used it for burns. We you that both the Democratic and Re­ think that this company should have a publican platforms of 1948 and 1952 en­ fair and equal test on burns by the Na­ Sign Alaska Statehood Discharge Petition dorsed statehood for both Alaska and tional Research Council subcommittee Hawaii. I should like to point out that on burns or under the supervision of EXTENSION OF REMARKS when the Alaska statehood bill was the American Medical Association. For OF passed by the House in 1950, it com­ your information this company has been manded bipartisan support. With your turned down a number of times in the HON. MELVIN PRICE cooperation expressed by signing Dis­ last 9 years for a burn test by the Na­ OF ILLINOIS charge Petition No. 7 we shall have the tional Research Council subcommittee IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Alaska statehood bill on the floor again on burns. Most everyone who has had and I confidently predict to you that it any experience with this product for Friday, February 12, 1954 will be passed and that it will command burns praises it highly for the results it Mr. PRICE. Mr. Speaker, discharge strong support from both sides of the has given. Mr. Speaker, this product petition No. 7 is now at the Speaker's aisle. I hope you will sign the petition is also good for treating dermatitis and desk. I trust it soon will have enough before leaving this Chamber today. also poison oak, poison ivY, and sunburn. signatures so that the House of Repre­ At the close of my remarks I would like sentatives may proceed to consider H. R. to include a letter from one of the out­ 2982, the Alaska statehood bill. That bill standing skin specialists in the Washing­ was favorably reported by the House In­ 8-N-G, a Remedy for Burns ton area. The letter speaks for itself: terior and Insular Affairs Committee on WASHINGTON, D. C., January 6, 1954. June 26, 1953 by a vote of 19 to 4. There EXTENSION OF REMARKS Mr. WILLIAM VAUGHN, is no sound reason why it should not be OF Arlington, Va. considered promptly, and every good rea­ DEAR MR. VAUGHN: Relative to my letter son why it should. This House last year HON. HAROLD A. PATTEN of July 29, 1953, I wish to say that I have continued to use mung bean sprout extract passed the Hawaii statehood bill but we OF ARIZONA (B. and G. tryosinase solution) in several have had no opportunity to debate and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES hundred cases of dermatophytosis (fungous vote on the companion measure for Friday, February 12, 1954 infection) of the feet. Alaska. As one who has always favored These cases have done well. Clinical cures statehood for Hawaii and who has voted Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Speaker, at the have been exceptionally rapid. for it, I appeal to my colleagues to accord close of the last session of Congress I I am convinced that there is great merit inserted an article in the CoNGRESSIONAL in this product and believe that further Alaska the same consideration Hawaii medical research should be done to explore has had. I am convinced that if the RECORD referring to the new burn rem­ the possible uses of this extract in the treat­ Alaska bill were voted upon it would be edy, B-N-G, manufactured by the Worth ment of other diseases. passed by a substantial majority. In any Pharmacal Co., Oak Lawn, TIL Mr. Sincerely, event, we should have the opportunity Speaker, a number of Congressmen in the JAMEs Q. GANT, Jr., M.D. to work our will on the statehood bill. I last session referred to this product with do not like to suggest that political con­ high praises as to a number of instances siderations are involved here in denying that they had used it for their own fam­ Members of the House the privilege of ilies. I would again like to be one of Utilization of Reserve Officers in the considering Alaska statehood, but frank­ those Congressmen to give a small report Regular Establishment as Enlisted Men ly I know of no other explanation. on my activities in connection with this It is true that the Truman adminis­ product and call it to the attention of tration endorsed, and enthusiastically, the House, and also to the attention of EXTENSION OF REMARKS statehood for both of our organized Ter­ the National Research Council subcom­ OF ritories. It is likewise true that neither mittee on burns: HON. OVERTON BROOKS the state of the Union message in 1953 or Mr. Speaker. on Sunday, February 7, a in 1954 made any mention of Alaska member of my family scalded her hand OF LOUISIANA statehood. That omission, however, sets with some hot grease. The burn was se­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES up no barrier which we cannot surmount. vere and would have been a handicap to Friday, February 12, 1954 us as we were being entertained that We can do so by signing the discharge Mr. BROOKS of Louisiana. Mr. petition presented by the gentleman afternoon. My wife happened to have a bottle of B-N-G in the medicine cabinet Speaker, under leave to extend my re­ from California, Representative CLAIR marks, I wish to submit a lengthy, ENGLE, and thus give ourselves on oppor­ and applied it to the hand immediately and in a few minutes there was no pain well-written letter from Hon. John A. tunity to pass on the merits of Alaska Hannah, Assistant Secretary of Defense statehood, just as we already have done and after 30 minutes the blisters had subsided. That night when she returned for Manpower. This letter relates to the regarding HawaiL utilization of Reserve officers in the Reg­ I should like to present to you the home there was no trace as to where she was burned. I would like to be the first ular Establishment as enlisted men, and words used by General Eisenhower, be­ the letter follows: fore he became President, when in a to bring it to the attention of the House speech made at Denver in 1950 he was and the country that for some 9 years AssiSTANT SECRETARY OF DEFENSE, this company has been trying to obtain Washington, D. C., January 19, 1954. quoted as saying that the granting of Hon. OVERTON BROOKS, statehood to Alaska and Hawaii would a burn test by the National Research House of Representatives. serve the people of the world as a practi­ Council subcommittee on burns. DEAR MR. BROOKS: This is in reply to your cal symbol that America practices what It certainly looks like the National Re­ letter of December 22 in which you question it preaches. For one, I am willing to search Council should approve testing further the propriety of permitting indivi­ stand on those words. this product for burns since it is my duals who were given direct Reserve com­ When this House passed the Alaska understanding they have approved re­ missions to be inducted for enlisted service. search on the Kinsey report. First, I wish to emphasize that the prob­ statehood bill in 1950, the Territory had lem does not involve a mistake on the part of 128,000 people. Now, according to offi­ For the past 5 years, through its re­ any military department in awarding Reserve cial estimates, the population has passed gional distributor, Mr. William W. commissions. At the time that the indivi­ that of the least populated State. The Vaughn of 510 Arlington Village, Arling­ duals in question were commissoned, there population gain between 1950 and 1952 ton, Va., former aide to Vice President exsted in the active forces a justified pro­ was more than 44 percent, thus making Barkley, samples of this product have curement objective for officers possessing Alaska the fastest growing area in the been distributed freely throughout the their qualifications. 1696 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 12 Failure to order these individuals to active military career and for retirement pur· If this administration can think this duty in a commissioned status was not a mat­ poses. Even in these cases it is not a policy through and eliminate some of the ter of the service refusing to accept them healthy situation that is produced when billions we are spending on other peo­ on a voluntary status. Rather, reductions in personnel strengths necessitated by the Defense Establishment will permit ple's troubles that will be another mile­ budgetary and manpower limitations re­ commissioned officers to serve in non­ stone in preserving this country. quired severe curtailment of officer procure­ commissioned grades. I believe in self-defense, but I have ment programs, as well as the involuntary re­ The argument is far stronger in the been fearful that we were spending so lease from active duty of large numbers of case of Reserve officers to which I refer. much of our wealth and the lives of oEcers who wished to remain in the service. I have in mind, for instance, the case of our men in rummaging around the world Those individuals awarded Reserve commis­ a Reserve officer who is drafted into the to stop every backyard cat fight, that in sions direct from civilian status could have armed services because he is within the been accommodated on active duty only at the end we shall not be able to defend the expense of releasing involuntarily addi­ draft-age group. These men have of· ourselves. After all, if it ever comes to tional experienced officers. fered to serve the Military Establish­ the point of fighting for the preservation The fact that such Reserve officers cannot ment in Reserve commission grades. of the United States, I know of no coun­ be utilized at this time on active duty and They have been rejected by the Armed try that would come to our rescue. If thereby remain liable for induction, would Forces because it is stated that they are they so desired, many countries would not justify termination of their commissions. not needed. The draft laws permit, and be unable to aid us, and many of the The Armed Forces must maintain sufficient the Defense Department cooperates in, numbers of qualified Reserve officers, either nations that have been living off us will in an inactive duty status or on active duty the drafting of these Reserve officers, not be inclined to help us. as enlisted men, to meet mobilization re­ forcing them to serve in enlisted grades We have made few friends by our quirements. The individuals in question against their will. excursion in spending billions, scattering possess qualifications which make their re­ The matter is worse than this. ARe­ it throughout the world, and on the con­ tention as Reserve officers for this purpose serve lieutenant in the Army may be trary, we have made enemies. Our wild highly desirable. drafted and placed in the Navy as an expenditure of money has caused the There is a further important reason why enlisted man. A Reserve officer in the people of many countries to feel that our the commissions of these officers should not Air Force may be drafted and sent to be terminated. As you know, those indi­ purpose is conquest, when that is, and viduals given direct appointments who were the Marine Corps as an enlisted man. always has been, contrary to the intent under age 26 upon accepting commissions, This action shows, in my judgment, scant of the United States. Therefore, this acquired under provisions of section 4 (d) respect for a Reserve commission. It is country should be strong, and remain (3) of the Universal Military Training and not conduciv~ to a buildup of pride and strong. Our natural resources, the Service Act an 8-year military obligation. enthusiasm of the Reserve, whether it greatest in the world, should be pre­ The termination of their commissions prior be an enlisted or commissioned Reserve, served; our Armed Forces should remain to their entry on active duty would consti­ to realize that the Reserve commission is tute fulfillment of their Reserve obligation. strong, and the people of the United If subsequently inducted, they would have treated with scant consideration by the States relieved from this extra, arduous, no further obligation for membership in a agency which awards it. and in most cases, useless expense. We Reserve component following completion of Commissioned ofiicers in the National cannot afford to lose thousands of our their national service active duty require­ Guard are not treated in this way, and best men. ment. they should not be so treated. A fortiori, The fear that Russia is about to pounce Since my letter to you of December 16 commissioned officers in the Reserve regarding this matter, the Air Force has made upon us from the air is a war scare establishment, should be assured that invented by Russia to keep us spending, special provision whereby those draft-elig­ -their Reserve commission is a badge of ibles holding direct Air Force Reserve com­ just like we have been doing. We need missions may enlist for a 2-year term in the honor and a symbol of pride, and we not fear Russia, as no country on earth Air Force in lieu of being inducted for Army from the Congress, and Secretary Han­ like the dictatorship now existing in that service. Individual notifications to this ef­ nah from the Defense Department, country, can ever hope to have the sup­ fect have been dispatched to these officers. should join in making the service in the port of her people. Less than 5 percent This will enable the individuals to fulfill Military Establishment fair and accept­ their national service active duty require­ · of the Russian population participate in able and should encourage our young their government. This 5 percent rules ment in enlisted status and retain their men to enter on active duty with pride commissions. the other 95 percent. The conditions Utilization of Reserve officers as enlisted and enthusiasm. existing in Russia today, if continued, men is not without precedent. Many fine will never make the Russians a united officers of World War II were individuals force in any war. In this country it who had earned and held Reserve commis­ sions while they were Regular Army enlisted The President Sets Us Right on Indochina takes a majority of the voters to bring men, and today there are many Regular into being any administration; and if war Army and Air Force enlisted men who hold comes it will not be fought by a majority Reserve commissions in their respective EXTENSION OF REMARKS of the people of the United States, but services, including a considerable number OF by all of them. This powerful country, who enlisted following their release from HON. USHER L. BURDICK with that kind of support, should aban­ active duty during the recent reduction in don this war scare, and pursue its reg­ force. OF NORTH DAKOTA ular way. Kipling had this pretty well In the light of the factors outlined above IN THE HOUSE·OF REPRESENTATIVES I feel that the solution adopted in this thought out when he said: matter is the one which under present cir­ Friday, February 12, 1954 If you can talk with crowds and keep your cumstances best serves the interests of all Mr. BURDICK. Mr. Speaker, while virtue, concerned. I have criticized the President on occa· Or walk with kings--nor lose the common Sincerely yours, sian-especially on his farm program­ touch; JoHN A. HANNAH. If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt in the spirit of fairness I have on many you; Mr. Speaker, I have great respect for occasions given him full credit for what If all men count with you, but none too Secretary Hannah's logic and reasoning. he has done and said. much; The matter, however, impresses me dif· His latest statement in regard to send. If you can fill the unforgiving minute ferently to the way it seems to impress ing troops to Indochina will be applauded With sixty seconds' worth of distance run, Secretary Hannah. Many of the people by most Americans. He stated, "I can­ Yours is t-he earth and everything that's in it, in the Regular Enlisted Establishment And which is more-you '11 be a man, my not conceive of a greater tragedy than son! to whom he refers as having Reserve for the United States to become involved commissions are people who are willing in a war in Indochina or anywhere else.'' Mr. Speaker, the efforts of the one­ to accept enlisted noncommissioned That is what the people of the United worlders in the United Nations to build a status in order to remain on active duty States have been waiting to hear. That world government is a dangerous move. although those people hold Reserve com· is what will mark this administration These advocates readily concede that the missions. as differing from the past administra­ United States must give up some of its I can understand that these people tion. This policy, if pursued, will have sovereignty in order to form this organi­ may wish to remain on active duty in the overwhelming approval of the voters zation, but this country cannot afford, order to continue uninterruptedly their of the United States. ever, to give up any of its sovereignty, as 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1697 it is the only government on earth that ••supreme Judge of the World" that this which was missing was the characteristic is a government of the people, by the Nation be free. and definitive factor in the American way of people, and for the people. The idea Later, at Gettysburg. on November 19 life. Indeed apart from the mention of the phrase, the United States of America, it of having treaties of the United Nations 1863, Abraham Lincoln in a 2-minut~ could be the pledge of any republic. In attempting to hamstring our Constitu­ dedication speech said: f?-c~, I could hear little Muscovites repeat a tion is an example of this "giving up That we here highly resolve that these dead s1m1lar pledge to their hammer and sickle some of our sovereignty." shall not have died in vain, that this Nation ~ag in Moscow with equal solemnity. Rus­ My advice to the American people is to under God _shall have a new birth of free­ sia is also a Republic that claims to have keep our defenses strong; preserve our dom, and that government of the people, by overthrown the tyranny of kingship. Rus­ form of government as it is, and then the people, for the people shall not perish sia also claims to be indivisible. defend it against any power or combina­ from the earth. Throughout our history, the state­ Mr. Speaker, I think Mr. Docherty hit tion of powers in the universe. Do not the nail squarely on the head. One of rely on others to come to our aid, but ments of our great men have been replete with references to God. Our Presidents the most fundamental differences be­ rely upon ourselves, and ourselves alone, tween us and the Communists is our to preserve the greatest government yet have never failed to recognize man's sub­ servience to his Master as the only form belief in God. Communism rejects God to appear on the face of the globe. The spiritual bankruptcy of the Com~ of servitude which assures life, liberty, munists can be the very weapon we need and happiness. to triumph in the struggle for men's It was William Penn who said: minds. I say it can be, for the effective Abraham Lincoln Those people who are not governed by God use of this weapon presupposes a firm will be ruled by tyrants. code of spiritual and moral values. We EXTENSION OF REMARKS Four years before the Declaration of take pride in the new look we have Independence, we find George Mason given our powerful military machine I OF arguing to the General Court of Virginia believe we need a new look just· as HON.CHARLESG.OAKMAN that- urgently in our spiritual armor, and I am recommending one means of achiev­ OF MICHIGAN All acts of legislature apparently contrary to natural right and justice are, in our laws, ing it. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and must be in the nature of things consid­ After attending church services last Friday, February 12, 1954 ered as void. The laws of nature are the Sunday, President Eisenhower partici­ laws of God, whose authority can be super­ pated with churchmen of the Protestant Mr. OAKMAN. Mr. Speaker, today seded by no power on earth. Catholic, and Jewish faiths in an Ameri~ marks the 145th anniversary of the birth It was during the Presidency of Abra­ can Legion radio and television program of one of the most illustrious Members ham Lincoln that Congress passed an - that was part of that organization's this body has ever known-Abraham act on April 22, 1864, directing that the back to God movement. The Presi­ Lincoln. It is, therefore, most appropri­ inscription "In God We Trust" be placed de~t said that this country needs now, ate that we recall the life and character on our coins. This avowal of faith has as 1t ever has needed, "positive acts of of this great American. This day calls, been imprinted on billions and billions renewed recognition that faith is our too, for a reflection of America as a na­ of coins during the last 90 years. surest strength, our greatest resource." tion. It calls for a return to the belief of The President went on to say: our forefathers and their fervent faith Records show that under date of No­ vember 20, 1861, the then Secretary of Whatever our individual church, whatever in Almighty God. We must rededicate the Treasury addressed a letter to the our personal creed, our common faith in ourselves in order to find new strength Director of the Mint, stating, in part: God is a common bond among us. In our to complete the tasks confronting us. fundamental faith, we are all one. Together Last Monday I introduced in the House No nation can be strong except in the we thank the powe! that has made and pre­ of Representatives House Joint Resolu­ strength of God or safe except in His defense. served us as a natwn. By the millions, we The trust of our people in God should be speak prayers, we sing hymns-and no mat­ tion 371, to amend the pledge of alle­ declared on our national coins. giance to the :flag by adding the words ter what their words may be, their spirit is "under God" following the word "indi­ If this recommendation has been fol­ the same-in God is our trust. visible," making the pertinent phrase lowed in a material symbol such as our On this same program, Dr. Norman "one nation indivisible under God." coins, should not the same idea be infi­ Vincent Peale, one of our most eminent Our forefathers recognized the inher­ nitely more appropriate in relation to the Protestant clergymen, declared: pledge of allegiance to our :flag and coun­ ent truth that any government of and by Our country will remain strong only as we the people must look to God for divine try? The Pledge of Allegiance is not a remain religious. leadership in order to protect itself confession of faith. It is an affirmation against tyranny and despotism. In the of loyalty to a nation symbolized by its Bishop Fulton J. Sheen, a leading pre­ year 1620, when the first Constitution for fiag. late of the Roman Catholic Church, said: the complete self-government of the peo­ The tough moral fiber which has If we are to keep our rights and liberties, ple under its jurisdiction was devised in characterized this Nation's growth to a then we must also keep our God. America, the Mayflower compact, in its position of world preeminence must not And, finally, Rabbi Norman Salit, one opening sentence, declared: "In the deteriorate. It was fed on the belief of the Nation's outstanding Jewish lead­ name of God. Amen." This was open that our destiny was bound to the will ers, stated: recognition of the need for the official of God. It cannot survive unless this If we can teach our children to live by the conjunction of the laws of God with the spiritual fuel is maintained. concepts of the fatherhood of God and the Constitution and laws of the land. Last Sunday, the President of the brotherhood of man, we can redeem them On July 4, 1776, our freedom-loving United States and his family occupied from moral failure. forebears composed one of the world's the pew where Abraham Lincoln wor­ shipped. The pastor, the Reverend I would like to take but a minute to great political masterpieces-the Decla­ answer beforehand the two principal ar­ ration of Independence. It said, in part: George M. Docherty, suggested the change in our Pledge of Allegiance that guments I anticipate in opposition to my When, in the course of human events, it I have offered. amendment. becomes necessary for one people to dissolve The first concerns the relationship of the political bands which have connected Dr. Docherty delivered a wise sermon. them with another, and to assume among He said that as a native of Scotland church and state. The phrase "under the powers of the earth the separate and come to these shores he could appreciate God" is all inclusive for all religions and equal station to which the laws of nature the pledge as something more than a. has no reference whatever to the estab­ and nature's God entitle them, a decent re­ hollow verse taught to children for lishment of a state church. The first spect to the opinions of mankind requires memory. I would like to quote from his amendment of our Constitution prohibits that they should declare the causes which words. He said: Congress from passing laws respecting impel them to the separation. the establishment of a religion. One can I could sit down and brood upon it, going The same document speaks of men over each word slowly in my mind. And I pledge one's allegiance to a flag symbol­ being "endowed by their Creator" with came to a strange conclusion. There was izing a state founded upon a belief in unalienable rights and appeals to the something missing in the pledge, and that God and. at the same time, accept the 1698 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE February 12 doctrine of a separate church and state. with a whopping tax bill on the total mobile troops, but it is hopelessly bogged A distinction exists between the church profit realized from the sale of the former down in the kind of war it is fighting in as an institution and a belief in the sov­ residences. the jungles and rice fields of Indochina. ereignty of God. The argument that This is the treatment the Government It is too much to ask of the enemy that this amendment might be a breach of affords to parents who, in the rearing of he satisfy the Defense Department's own the separation principle cannot be their families, have played a tremen­ concept of defense and fight the kind of material. dously important part in the progress war for which his adversary is conceiv­ Secondly, the argument may be made and the economy of the Nation, and at ably prepared. that the proposed amendment violates a time in their lives which inevitably The administration has committed it­ the right of a person to disbelieve in God, comes to most of us, when they want to self to a calculated risk which it chooses a fundamental of a free democracy. retire to a smaller home or apartment to call its "new look" defense policy. In However, there is a vast difference in to enjoy their just reward of peace and essence, the administration defense pol­ making a positive affirmation on the rest. icy springs from political and budgetary existence of God in whom one does not Such a state of the law penalizes these considerations. Imprudent as it may believe, and on the other hand making a parents for the fulfillment of their family have been, in 1952, the Republican office­ pledge of allegiance and loyalty to the obligations; in effect that law punishes seekers promised the American people a :tlag of a country which in its underlying them after they have sent forth from the balanced budget. A balanced defense philosophy recognizes the existence of old home the families of the future, the effort now becomes subordinate to the God. bedrock strength of America. political implication of an empty cam­ I cannot accept either of these conten­ This situation demands correction, and paign promise. tions as valid, if indeed they are at all. I hope the principles of my bill will be The administration has sent to Con­ Mr. Speaker, I believe that the joint res­ approved by the Ways and Means Com­ gress a budget in which 73 percent of olution I have introduced will place a mittee. the cuts are in national-security items. new meaning on all the truths which The Army, and to a lesser degree the this Nation holds so dear, enabling us to Navy, bear the brunt of these cuts. The regain our reverence for God in this 20th Can We Afford To Prepare for Every following are some of the effects of the century America, and making it possible military cut: for us to rediscover our own value and Conceivable Kind of War 1 Army expenditures cut $4 billion-28 the solid basis upon which it rests. Then percent-from $14.2 billion to $10.2 we, too, can say with Lincoln-"this Na­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS billion. tion under God shall have & new birth of OF Navy expenditures cut $800 million-7 freedom." percent-from $11.3 billion to $10.5 HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE billion. OF TEXAS Army divisions cut from 20 to 17 divi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sions by June 1955. H. R. 7530, To Make Tax-Free the Gain Total military manpower cut from 3.4 on the Sale of a Personal Residence Friday, February 12, 1954 million now to 3 million June 1955. Mr. TEAGUE. Mr. Speaker, the risk Army manpower cut from 1.5 million EXTENSION OF REMARKS and danger which the American people now to 1.164 million June 1955. OF are voluntarily expected to assume as a Marine manpower cut from 250,000 result of the new look defense policy are now to 215,000 June 1955. HON. LOUIS C. RABAUT implicit in a statement by Deputy De­ Navy manpower cut from 770,000 now OF MICHIGAN fense Secretary Roger M. Kyes. He said to 688,900 June 1955. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES last November 12 that- No new authority for Army procure­ ment and production is being asked for. Friday, February 12, 1954 We must reassess our strategic planning and logistics in the light of technological Seven Navy combat ships to be put in Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Speaker, on Jan­ advances, and have the courage to discard mothballs-including 1 battleship and uary 27, I introduced in the House the the outmoded procedures and weapons which 1 cruiser. bill will no longer serve more than tradition. Along with the budget, the Congress of the Internal Revenue Code to provide We can no longer afford to prepare for every receives the suggested bromide: "We that gain from the sale or exchange of conceivable kind of war. • • • We can no have an outstanding military expert in longer afford the luxury of the status quo in the taxpayer's home will not be taxed strategic planning. the White House. Who are we to ques­ whether or not he replaces it with an- tion his judgment.'' other residence. _ I am impressed with the sentence: "We I cannot, and I hope that the Congress This bill is intended to correct a sit­ can no longer afford to prepare for every as a whole will not, accept this neat uation which now places an unjustifiable conceivable kind of war." escape mechanism. financial burden on the mothers and I submit that here is the very core of The Congress must make a searching fathers of our population. The home­ the weakness of the new look defense inquiry and the American people must buying experience of most American policy. know the extent of the calculated risk families usually follows this pattern. Our Nation's safety must rest on de­ they are expected to accept. The young married couple rents an fense plans which will prepare us for Political promises of the administra­ apartment. Then, as children come every conceivable kind of war. tion and the insatiable desire of the top along and they need more space, they History provides innumerable exam­ 2 percent of the Nation's business and purchase a small home. As the children ples where nations have failed to pre­ industry for more tax cuts should not move on to high school and college age, pare for every conceivable kind of war. stand between this Nation and prepara­ more livable space is required and the Twelve years ago France prepared to tion for every conceivable kind of war. family moves again to a larger home. fight a defensive war in the Maginot The new-look concept of defense may This is the general pattern. Line and was not prepared for the kind be characterized by reliance on :fleets of The whole panorama of family life un­ of air war and the war of armor and long-range bombers carrying atomic and folds within these walls. This home is movement brought to it by Germany. hydrogen bombs to the military and the scene of birthday parties, gradua­ In our own Nation•s Revolution, England industrial targets of an enemy nation, tions, courtships, weddings, and when was well prepared to fight a naval battle with minor consideration given to the these events are but memories, the old and an orderly encounter between highly use of ground and naval forces. It must home has served its purpose for this disciplined and well-trained soldiers but be borne in mind that the new Air Force family. was not prepared to meet the kind of budget is a total reversal of last year's Now the parents have completed the war the "rag tail, bob tail" Revolutionary cutbacks. Last year the administration lifelong task of rearing the family and Army had learned from its experience in cut the Air Force budget by $5 billion, they desire to take a smaller home or Indian warfare. Today, France is ade­ canceled orders for 1,000 planes, and move to an apartment. Then it is that quately equipped to deal with a sizable cut Air Force goals from 143 wings to the full force of the present unjust state military force on ordinary terrain, utiliz­ 120 wings. In an about-face, the new of the law is felt. Uncle Sam steps in ing conventional air power, armor, and budget increases the Air Force budget by 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1699 $600 million and raises the Air Force TWENTY YEARS OF COLD WAR CLASHES AROUND with roots entirely in the New World, goals from 120 wings to 137 wings. The THE WORLD, PERPETUATED BY PUPPET REGIMES the tribute would doubtless be accepted result is a loss of 1 year in Air Force No peace in Korea. We are faced with without reservation, particularly since buildup. Compare this to the statement the indefinite necessity to maintain the South's great orator, Henry W. by Presidential Candidate Eisenhower on troops there or must assume perpetual Grady, made use of the same language September 25, 1952: support of South Korean military forces. in his eloquent reference to Lincoln: We need a new administration • • • that Indochina is lost to France. From the union of these (northern and will call a halt to stop-and-start planning; Trouble is revived in Malaya. southern) colonists, from the straightening an administration that will not demobilize Italy has voted itself a Communist of their purposes and the crossing of their and then hurriedly remobilize. form of government. blood, slowly perfecting through a century, Let me make it crystal clear that I France is gripped by internal paraly­ came he who stands as the first American. sis. the first who comprehended within himself am not playing off the Air Force against all the strength and gentleness, all the surface forces. We must have a strong Japan is weak and Communists are majesty and grace of this Republic-Abra­ retaliatory Air Force and adequate home­ gaining strength. ham Lincoln. land defense. In addition, we must have Red China has stepped up pressure on a strong ground force. Formosa and threatens an active mili­ The sources of the South's feeling are Let me describe two conceivable kinds tary campaign. found in the great human qualities of of war we might be forced by the Soviets Communist gains are noted in the Lincoln. When others misunderstood Arab States. the South he seemed to know the mind to fight. Needless to say, we will be and purpose of our people. When others forced to fight the type of war for which Communists are active in Africa. Europe as a whole is apathetic to the expected humiliating admissions of error we are least prepared. I ask you to con­ which the South could not give he asked sider in the case of each whether the threat of communism, and anxious to trade with the Reds. only that we take our place as restored new-look defense concept of the admin­ and honored members of the Union. To istration meets these threats. Asia is all but lost. Russia is systematically arming its Mr. Adams in 1861 he gave instructions AN ALL-OUT GLOBAL CLASH new satellites. "not to indulge in expressions of harsh­ The air war is joined. Washington, Where, in the face of this picture, do ness or disrespect or even impatience New York, Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago we deliberately initiate an all-out atomic concerning the seceding States, their smoulder in ruins. Millions of Ameri­ war? With what do we intervene to turn agents, or their people'' and further to cans are dead, wounded, or homeless. the tide? Unless we choose to initiate remember that the people of the South Our warmaking potential is seriously atomic war, we fight on the ground and ''throughout all political misunderstand­ crippled. in the manner of the enemy's own choos­ ings and alienations, still are and always In turn, a dozen of Russia's major ing. We must be prepared for more Ko­ must be our kindred and countrymen." cities and industrial targets are in rub­ reas, and preparation must not be so These are examples of the kindness of ble. Both nations convulse and gasp meager that a commitment in the future Lincoln in a period of intense bitterness from the terrible punishment. comparable to Korea will leave us with­ and are evidences of his greatness of soul Russia, no longer able to sustain a out reserves and incapable of defensive and loftiness of character. Surely, re­ continued effort from her homeland, retaliation on the ground and on the sea, flections upon Lincoln's use of the ce­ sends her ground forces in all directions. as well as in the air. Congress must rec­ ment of charity should inspire us to con­ A weak European defense army is ognize the necessity for a strong ground quer present-day divisiveness and march under assault. force and a Navy capable of delivering together regardless of party or sectional Yugoslavia and Greece are neutralized and sustaining it. loyalties. by Rumania. There are other reasons beside the Turkey is fighting to save her own ter­ charity of Lincoln for the South's ritory. cherishing his memory. Our years of re­ Lincoln and the South flection upon the forces which brought Japan cringes before the threat of Red the rupture in 1861 has produced a clear­ China. er judgment regarding the impersonal Chaos reigns in Korea, Indochina, EXTENSION OF REMARKS character of those forces and bas em­ British Malaya. OF phasized the fairness of Lincoln and the Italy is neutralized internally by Com­ soundness of his policies for readmitting munists from within. HON. BROOKS HAYS the South. Wisdom and fairness, as France is paralyzed. OF ARKANSAS well as charity, won the South's affec­ London is in ruins and the British IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion. His sense of fairness often found Commonwealth of Nations is powerless expression in his speeches, as, for ex­ to render aid. Friday, February 12, 1954 ample, his message to the Congress on The United States stands in peril of Mr. HAYS of Arkansas. Mr. Speaker, December 1, 1862, dealing with compen­ losing its forces in France, its air bases, the memory of no other man has had the sated emancipation: and great quantities of munitions. unifying influence for this Nation as that It is no less true for having been often The Russian submarine force harasses of Abraham Lincoln. There are many said that the people of the South t~.re not our shipping around the world. things for the South to recall in tender­ more responsible for the original introduc­ As Russia overruns Germany and ness and appreciation but the utterances tion of this proposition (slavery) than are France, the United States is confronted and actions of none arrayed against us the people of the North. with the decision of dropping atom in 1861-65 compare with those of the Lincoln and Grant were kind to Lee as bombs on the major cities of its Allies. man who "though the leader against her the great ordeal neared its close and the Russia consolidates its gain in Asia, in war can never be justly said to have South could never forget a kindness to France, Germany, Italy, and draws been her enemy." These were the words its most beloved son. strength for its massive land forces of J. G. de R. Hamilton, of the University Lincoln's democracy, his simplicity, which are surviving off of the substance of North Carolina, in 1915, and he also his appreciation of the common man­ of conquered countries. said of Lincoln: these were qualities which found a re­ At this stage, where does our new look With the rest of the united Nation the sponse in our hearts. In reverencing the concept turn the tide? South will not only honor and revere but memory of Lincoln we would not detract What I am saying is simply this: We will cherish the name of her son, the first from the possessive feeling which is could easily have an atomic standoff American. rightfully the North's and our pride is and lose a war as the result of the bal­ The author probably meant that in sufficiently served in recalling that he ance of power held by Russia in its enor­ Lincoln new and historic forces produced lived during the first impressionable mous land armies. for the first time a distinctively Amer­ years under southern skies and that he Let us consider the other conceivable ican type of statesmanship. Jefferson spoke feelingly of his southern heritage. kind of war in relation to the new-look might be regarded as occupying that The South does not question that Lin­ concept. position but if we consider influences coln shared our suffering in the war. To 1700 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE February 12 his friend, George P. Floyd, the hotel right on the head. You may argue from Japan, the code of King Arthur's Round keeper at Quincy, Dl., he said: dawn to dusk about di:trering political, Table, traditions of the American In­ I have not suffered by the South, I have economic, and social systems, but the dians, of the Zulus, and of the Pacific suffered with the South. Their pain has fundamental issue which is the unbridg­ islanders. Scouting reflects also the been my pain. Their loss has been my loss. able gap between America and Commu­ Athenian and Spartan systems of train­ What they have gained, I have gained. nist Russia is a belief in Almighty God. ing boys, and Baden-Powell's own sys­ This was one of the deep and moving From the root of atheism stems the evil tem of training men in the South Afri­ sentiments of his nature and partially weed of communism and its branches of can constabulary. accounts for the high place he holds in materialism and political dictatorship. What we celebrate, therefore, is not the a:trections of the South. Unless we are willing to affirm our belief a beginning, but a culmination. Forty­ Such a life helps us to pierce the in the existence of God and His creator­ four years ago, we drew together into mystery contained in the beautiful lines creature relation to man, we drop man one organization, one member of a of St. John: "And the Word became flesh himself to the significance of a grain of great international brotherhood, all the and dwelt among us." Many of us carry sand and open the floodgates to tyranny scattered groups in this country that the impressions gained in boyhood from and oppression. were working with boys in widely varied those who could speak from personal An atheistic American, as Dr. Docherty ways. Some groups stressed Indian memory of the work of this great man. points out, is a contradiction in terms. lore, some woodcraft, some the pioneer From their accounts as from the pages of This country was founded on theistic tradition, some the legends of Arthurian recorded history we conclude that the beliefs, on belief in the worthwhileness chivalry, some religion, some athletics. 1dea of human sympathy and limitless of the individual human being which in It is inspiring to read, in the history of good will for a little while became flesh turn depends solely and completely on the Boy Scouts of America, how, one by and dwelt among us. the identity of man as the creature and one, each of these groups gave up its son of God. The fraudulent claims of separate existence and contributed its the Communists to the role of champions special interests and qualities to the vast of social, economic, and political reform whole that is American boy scouting to­ House Joint Resolution 243, To Amend is given the lie by their very own atheist day. The leader of each such group materialist concept of life and their de­ then would take a place among the high the Pledge of Allegiance To Include the nunciation of religion, the bond between officers of the Boy Scouts of America, Phrase "Under God" God and man, as "the opium of the and, in helping to lead the organization, people." would contribute his own special knowl­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS As Mr. Docherty so eloquently pointed edge and abilities. Though Ernest OF out, the American way of life is more Thompson Seton stayed with the Boy than the material total of baseball Scouts of America only until 1913, his HON. LOUIS C. RABAUT games, hot dogs, Coca-Cola, television, contributions in planning the program OF MICHIGAN deep freezes, and other gadgets. "It is " were invaluable, and American scouting IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES he said, "a way of life that sees ma'n still bears the impress of his personality as a sentient being created by God and and interests. Daniel Carter Beard, too, Friday, February 12, 1954 seeking to know His will, whose soul is a leader of long and faithful service, Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Speaker, in the restless till he rests in God." seems present in spirit wherever Boy first session of this Congress, on April It is, therefore, most proper that in Scouts get together. He stands to us 20, 1953, I introduced in the House, Joint our salute to the flag, the patriotic stand­ as the ideal of American boy scouting, Resolution 243, to amend the pledge of ard around which we rally as Americans, as Baden-Powell stands as the ideal of allegiance to the flag of the United we state the real meaning of that flag. worldwide boy scouting. Let us never States of America. From their earliest childhood our chil­ fail to honor the enthusiasm and devo­ That resolution would insert in the dren must know the real meaning of tion of such men as these and Living­ pledge the words "under God," so that America. Children and Americans of all stone and Boyce and the hundreds of the pledge would then read: ages must know that this is one Nation others, in large or small positions, who I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United which "under God'' means "liberty and joined wholeheartedly in the common States of America and to the Republic for justice for all." cause of bringing the ideals of scouting which it stands, one Nation, under God, in­ to all American boys. divisible, with liberty and justice for all. On such an occasion as this, too, it is I have been most pleased to note in the fitting to recall how early and how en­ press a report of the sermon of the Rev­ The Boy Scouts of America thusiastic was the support of church erend George M. Docherty at the New groups. The YMCA entered into the York Avenue Presbyterian Church, the EXTENSION OF REMARKS formation of the Boy Scouts of Amer­ church at which Abraham Lincoln wor­ OF ica so thoroughly and wholeheart­ shipped. The sermon was delivered on edly that at first it was difficult to February 7 with President and Mrs. HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. make it clear to the public that the Boy Eisenhower seated in Lincoln's pew. OF NEW JERSEY Scouts were not a sort of branch of Lincoln in his Gettysburg Address used IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the YMCA. Catholic and Protestant the words "under God" and Dr. Doch­ Friday, February 12, 1954 churches and Jewish synagogues have erty seized the opportunity to urge the taken a leading part in sponsoring Scout phrase be added to the pledge. Without Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, yes; it groups and aiding Scout activities since these words, he said, the pledge ignores was 44 years ago-February 1910-that the early days, recognizing the value of a definitive factor in the American way this great organization, the Boy Scouts the Scout ideals of reverence and reli­ of life and that factor is belief in God. of America, was incorporated. Do not gious tolerance. The Mormon Church Without that phrase, the pledge could be think for a moment, though, that that has promoted scouting with such vigor­ the pledge of any republic. was the beginning of scouting. Dan ous enthusiasm that hardly any Mormon Relating how his children once de­ Beard and Ernest Thompson Seton and boy does not go through his period of scribed with strange solemnity the ritual many others had groups of boys learn­ scouting. The churches know that the of the salute to the flag, he added: ing scouting here in America long be­ Boy Scouts of America will always hold fore that, and so had Sir Robert Baden­ I could hear little Muscovites repeat a up before the youth of America the two similar pledge to their hammer and sickle Powell and others in Africa and Eng­ ideals, basic to all religion, of service to flag w1th equal solemnity. land and Europe. When Baden-Powell God and service to our fellow man. was asked whence he drew the princi­ When a boy becomes a Scout, he be­ For Russia, he pointed out, also claims ples for the great international family gins to develop the best qualities of a to be a republic, indivisible, with justice of Scouts, to which we are proud to be­ man. Whether he is a Lone Scout, a and liberty. long, he listed traditions both worldwide member of a neighborhood patrol, or a Dr. Docherty and I are not of the same and centuries old, such as the code of member of a troop, he learns to take care Christian denomination, but I may say the boy knights of Cuchullain, the an­ of himself in all circumstances to be that in this matter he has hit the nail cient Irish hero, the Bushido code of independent and unafraid, to act on his 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1701 own initiative. While he is learning in­ Member to maintain himself while acting as lized. Simply stated, it is that America dependence, he is at the same time learn­ a Representative of the people, and those must continue to give faith and hope to who offer and contribute to the maintenance ing to follow orders and directions ac­ of a Member of Congress shall be guilty of the many millions of John Hvastas who curately, and to work and play well with an unlawful act, and shall be liable to prose­ are now caught up in the awful grip of others. He is learning to work for con­ cution for a felony. Soviet tyranny. crete achievements and public recogni­ SEc. 4. When any Member of Congress files On this anniversary of Lithuanian in­ tion, as in the earning of badges and in his statement under oath, as provided by sec­ dependence it is fitting that the case of working up the higher degree in scout­ tion 1 of this act, he shall give a list of any John Hvasta, to advance whose wel­ ing; but at the same time he is held contributions made to him while acting as a fare I had never ceased my efforts, be constantly to the high ideal of at least Member of Congress and said statement shall singled out as an example of what can one good deed to be done every day, include the names and addresses of persons be done by a few individuals to keep alive without reward, record, or public notice. so contributing and the amount thereof. the spirit of a man whose spirit might He learns to value his own rewards more PENALTY well have otherwise succumbed to the for the recognition they bring to his Any Member who shall file a false state­ counsels of despair. That the same can patrol and troop than for any personal ment as herein provided, or who accepts or be done for an entire nation, I have not retains any part of the salary of an employee, is prestige. He learns, too, one of the most directly or indirectly employed by him in the the slightest doubt. Nothing impos­ valuable lessons in life, that the real fun discharge of his official duties, or who accepts sible in this world so long as the spirit and joy of living always comes from money or any other thing of value from any and the will are vigorous and firm to struggling against difficulties, overcom­ person, firm, association, or corporation to press on to their conclusion dedicated ob­ ing fears, and facing dangers, either maintain himself while acting as a Member jectives. alone or in a team with a few good of Congress, shall be guilty of a felony and To the nearly 2 million Lithuanians friends. shall be punished by a fine equal to twice the now under Soviet domination, let Amer­ Democrats and Republicans, we are all amount of the salary, compensation, or gra­ ica, therefore, pass on to them with re­ tuity unlawfully accepted or received, and together in supporting the Boy Scouts of shall be subject to removal from the Con­ sounding declaration the priceless and America. It is a nonpolitical organiza­ gress. inspiring words of faith and freedom. tion, always counting among its hon­ Never can the present servitude of this orary presidents and vice presidents the Mr. Speaker, since I proposed the bill great people be accepted with equanim­ President and ex-Presidents of the set forth above, two Members of Con­ ity; never shall that nation and her United States, and among its most fer­ gress have been convicted of unlawfully courageous people be left in oblivion vent supporters many of the most eager withholding part of salary paid to actual without hope, to expire as a nation in workers of both parties. So I think I, or imaginary employees. If this bill the awful solitude of forgotten history. as a loyal Democrat and a good Scout, had been in effect neither one of the America-as indeed the entire free can close my remarks in no more appro­ convictions would have taken place, be­ world-has faith in the Lithuanian peo­ priate way than by quoting the words of cause I do not believe you would ever ple that one day freedom shall be theirs. a rock-ribbed Vermont Republican, Cal­ find a Member who would walk up and vin Coolidge. Speaking of the principles deliberately swear to a statement that embodied in the Scout oath and Scout was untrue. law, Coolidge made this simple and mag­ Is it not better for Congress itself to Restoration of Ford's; Theater nificent statement: direct its membership than to have the EXTENSION OF REMARKS It would be a perfect world if everyone public courts clean up what Congress exemplified these virtues in daily life. should do? OF Every time a Member is convicted, it reduces the prestige of Congress with HON. LEE METCALF the people. When the people find out OF MONTANA Conviction of Memb.-;rs of Congress that the integrity of a few Members is IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES being impeached by thesz convictions, Friday, February 12, 1954 it cannot help but reduce the respect EXTENSION OF REMARKS which the people ought to have for the Mr. METCALF. Mr. Speaker, I have OF introduced in the House of Representa­ membership of Congress. I will try tives today a resolution which I hope will HON. USHER L. BURDiCK again to get action on this bill. lead to restoring Ford's Theater where OF NORTH DAKOTA President Abraham Lincoln was assassi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRES:CNTATIVES nated on April 14, 1865. The joint reso­ Friday, February 12, 1954 A Tribute to the Lithuanian Nation lution provides: That the Secretary of the Interior is au­ Mr. BURDICK. Mr. Speaker, on Jan­ thorized and directed to make a study to de­ uary 13, 1953, I introduced House bill EXTENSION OF REMARKS termine the most appropriate steps which 1574 to succeed House bill 451, intro­ OF could be taken to preserve and interpret duced in 1951, and House Joint Resolu­ HON. PETER W. RODiNO, JR. Ford's Theater, in Washington, D. C., as it tion 383 in 1950. This bill provides: was on April 14, 1855, and to determine the OF NEW JERSEY estimated cost of re(:onstructing the stage, Be it enacted, etc., That it is hereby de­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES boxes, and scenic setting. The results of the clared to be a felony for any Member of the study, together with the recommendations of Congress of the United States of America to Friday, February 12, 1954 the Secretary with respect thereto, shall be accept or receive, directly or indirectly, any Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, a few submitted to the Congress as soon as possible part of the salary or compensation of an after the study is completed. employee whose compensation is paid by the days ago John Hvasta, a man who has The Secretary of the Interior shall include United States, employed by him to carry on known Communist oppression and has in his report to the Congress under the first his official duties. lived to tell about it, declared to his section of this joint resolution an estimate SEc. 2. Within 10 days after the close of cheering Hillside, N. J., friends that he of the cost of reinstalling the famous Oldroyd any session of Congress, every Member of the was able to survive the long months of collection of relics in the Ford Theater Congress shall file a written statement, under building or in another suitable museum oath,· with the Secretary of the Senate or confinement in the prisons of Communist Czechoslovakia and the arduous trials of building to be erected on land to be acquired Clerk of the House (to which body the Mem­ immediately adjacent to the Ford Theater ber belongs) giving the names of those em­ a fugitive in a foreign land only be­ building. ployed by him during such past session, the cause-as he said-"! always kept my salaries or compensation received, and what faith in the American people and my Ford's Theater has become a shrine part of said salary or compensation the Mem­ faith in God. Had I lost that faith, I visited annually by hundreds of thou­ ber has accepted or received, directly or in­ would have lost myself." sands of people. Many express a regret directly, for any purpose whatever. Such that the theater has become a "ware­ reports shall be open for public inspection. In these inspiring words, there lies a SEc. 3. It shall be unlawful for any Mem­ profound lesson for all of us, especially bouse museum." It s~ems to me appro­ ber of Congress to accept any money or any at this time when the division between priate that a measure looking to the other thing of value from any person, firm, the free and the slave world has been theater's restoration be introduced on association, or corporation to enable such fast becoming more and more crystal- the birthday of the Great Emancipator. 1702 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -HOUSE February 12 Ford's Treater is owned by the United in the consequence which flows from it, of the Voice of America, and of volun­ States and as Melvin D. Hildreth, Demo­ the right to self-determination which tary organizations which seek to pene­ cratic national committeeman for the exists for all nations, large and small. trate the Iron Curtain with the news District of Columbia, pointed out recent­ February 16 marks the 36th anniver­ that the cause of freedom has not been ly, ''Its restoration should be carried out sary of the founding of the Republic of abandoned, the people of Lithuania will by the United States." Lithuania, as a modern nation under a receive renewed hope. Strengthened by Lincoln, the man of the people, be­ constitutional government. Lithuania this hope, they will stand firm in their longed to all Americans. He is not the as a national group, however, had exist­ trust that someday they will once again exclusive property of either political par­ ed from time immemorial, a people with take their place among the free nations ty n3r faction of a political party. its own language, its own culture, and of the world. And while this hope lives, Those who glibly proclaim themselves its own traditions. These people are they will remain a thorn in the side of the political heirs of the R~publican not related to the Russians or to any of the Soviet Union, to play a significant Party which he carried to victory in the othar Slavic peoples, but descend role in the eventual downfall of the 1850 s~ldom quote what Lin~oln said, from an ancient people of a distinct na­ Communist tyranny. and never match his clarity. As an ex­ tionality. How, then, can the seizure of ample, this from his annual message to this land by Soviet Russia be justified? Congress on Decemher 3, 1861: On June 15, 1940, in flagrant violation Labor is prior to, and independent of, cap­ of existing treaties, which had been free­ Lincoln's Devoi:ion to Duty Prompts Sug­ ital. Capital is only the fruit of labor, and ly entered into, the Soviet Union occu­ gestion for Republican Action could never have existed if labor had not first pied Lithuania. Tn give a show of right existed. Labor is the superior of capital, and to this seizure, Russian representatives, deserves much the higher consideration. supported by the Red army, staged mock EXTENSION OF REMARKS Capital has its rights, which are as worthy elections, but 24 hnurs before the polls OF of protection as any other rights. Nor is it denied that there is, and probably always closed, Moscow announced the results of HON. LOUiS C. RABAUT the elections. With this farcical back­ will be, a relation between labor and capi­ OF MICHIGAN tal, producing mutual benefits. ground, the elections were null and void, and, from the point of view of inter­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Nor is it likely that the Great Eman­ national law, Lithuania is still an inde­ Friday, February 12, 1954 cipator would have been a party t::> turn­ pendent country. The great democ­ ing away one of the great musical organ­ racies of the West have never recognized Mr. RABAUT. Mr. Speaker, in a izations of this Nation-the Howard this illegal act of Soviet aggression, and speech at Cooper Institute, New York, on University choir-from the doors of the the Lithuanian people and the Lithu­ September 27, 1860, Abraham Lincoln, Lincoln Day rally on February 5, 1954. anian legation in Washington have never whose memory is honored by our Nation The man who said "A house divided recognized the puppet regime installed on this anniversary cf his birth, set forth against itself cannot stand" would take and maintained by the Soviet Union. a principle which is especially applicable a dim view of the present efforts of ex­ The Lithuanian people have not ac­ in the situation today. tremists in his party to turn neighbor cepted the Soviet system and are stub­ Neither let us be slandered from our duty against neighbor, to sow suspicion, to bornly resisting it by means of an under­ by false accusations against us- divide our country into warring fac­ ground and by open resistance. Said Lincoln- tions. The Soviet authorities have taken When Lincoln finally succumbed to the nor frightened from it by menaces of de· from the farmers their land and every­ struction to the Government, nor of dun­ wounds he had received, Secretary thing that agriculture produces, pauper­ geons to ourselves. Let us have faith that Stanton said, "Now he belongs to the izing not only the farmers but the entire right makes might, and in that faith let ages." It is fitting and proper that the population of the country. The people us to the end dare to do our duty as we un­ scene of one of the greatest tragedies in are deprived of all human rights; re­ derstand it. our history should be a permanent me­ ligion is persecuted, and the many closed morial to this great American. In the sincere conviction that Presi­ churches ' have been converted into dent Eisenhower observes this same dedi­ antireligious meeting halls. Men and cation to duty, I am today asking, on women under the slightest pretext or the floor of this House, that he demand Thirty-sixth Anniversary of Republic of suspicion are thrown into prison, and the resignation from office of the chair­ without trial are deported to Siberian man of the Republican National Com­ Lithuania slave-labor camps. At least 10 percent mittee, Mr. Leonard W. Hall. of the total population of 3 million I believe the President wholly missed EXTENSION OF REMARKS people have been deported to the Si­ the point in his press conference of Feb­ OF berian wilderness. ruary 10 when he decried what he called Soviet rule is rule by the clubs and extreme partisanship in the current das­ HON. RICHARD W. HOFFMAN guns of the secret police, not by the tardly and back-alley attacks by certain OF n.LINOIS people. By this brutal despotism, the high offi~ials in his administration and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Soviets have dominated Eastern Europe, party against the Democratic Party and Friday, February 12, 1954 building vast armies, organizing a the loyal Americans who comprise it. strongly unified economic system which These vituperative orators are guilty Mr. HOFFMAN of lllinois. Mr. is subordinated to the aggressive plans of of far more serious sins than extreme Speaker, the impending commemoration Moscow, regimenting the people and partisanship and it is incredible to me of the 36th anniversary of the founding working toward commumzmg the that the President could so underesti­ of the Republic of Lithuania, on Febru­ younger generation and liquidating the mate their actions. Even so, he said in ary 16, 1918, gives fresh meaning to the upper and middle classes. his press conference that he expected less~m which the free world should have Poised behind its ring of buffer peo­ his subordinates in the executive branch learned from the destruction of free ples, Soviet Russia constitutes an ever­ and Chairman Hall to follow a more tem­ government in that country. The world growing threat to the security and well­ peratf view in the future. cannot attain a lasting peace without being of the free world. It has become So far as I know, there has been no adherence to those principles of justice increasingly apparent that the policy of respon:;e from Mr. Hall to the President's and morality by which free men must the United States toward the cause of remarks and other Republican orators always be governed. We can achieve Lithuania's independence was far too have repudiated the President's advice. noth~ng lasting when in the name of soft and mild. I am now asking the President to put expediency we conveniently forget the In the past year, the Baltic committee, some tee ·~h into his words, to show by very fundamental truth upon which this under the chairmanship of the Honor­ his actions that he means what he says. country was founded, that "Governments able CHARLES J. KERSTEN, has done much The President has no direct control over are instituted among Men, deriving their to reveal the nature of the threat to all Republican Members of Congress nor just powers from the consent of the gov­ liberty throughout the world, which is over some of the divisive demagoguery erned." It is an appropriate time for us implicit in the subjugation of this brave now going on, but it is a plain-political to affirm our belief in this principle and people. Through the work of this group, fact that the chairman of the Republican 1954 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE 1703 National Committee would not have his fn hostile waters, and in the air. Today, all "10. Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's office and could not long hold it if the that America stands for is challenged. h ouse, nor anyt hing that is thy neighbor's." President, the leader of the party, op­ May we resolve to meet this ominous chal­ If the individuality of man is the first great lenge in the heroic spirit that preserved our pillar of civilization, then the second is the posed him. Nation in other days of peril; a dedication T en Commandments. They afford him his Mr. Hall's part in this plot to brand to the principle "that government of the grea test opportunity: the option of choosing millions of Americans as traitors makes people, by the people, for the people shall good or evil, for it is reasoned that man him the logical object of any firm action not perish from the earth." (Vet erans of cannot know good without knowing evil. by the President to enforce his views. Foreign Wars of the United States.) The choice is his. :Man walks with freedom Mr. Hall and his committee have spon­ on one side but with responsibility on the The introduction to the booklet was other. sored the current nationwide tour of as follows: Republican luminaries whose disgusting To work for the common good is ideal, but antics have gagged the throats of every This is dedicated to promotion of America. it can be no longer common or good if per­ To better perform this service we should be­ sonal responsibility is placed in, or usurped decent American citizen. come more appreciative of our own product, by, manmade gods. There is no greater in­ There is clear evidence in the record so that we can ward off the siren songs of congruity than the spectacle of man and law of the heavy hand of Mr. Hall and the our competitors, who, for the past 6,000 shuffling their feet to the tune of a man­ Republican committee in the planned years, have been most successful at keeping m ade god who, under the guise of expediency, attack against former President Harry the majority of their peoples starved and can today call lies the great truths of yester­ Truman, of which Attorney General naked, and eternally desolated spiritually, day. Brownell was the mouthpiece. morally, and physically. Also, and even more To destroy this second great pillar first important, we have tried to design this book­ convince man that he has no worth as a Mr. Hall and his committee sponsored let in such manner as to bring an aware­ human being-admit to no external truths the Republican box-supper affair here ness of the many pillars that go to make up such as the Ten Commandments. in Washington at which Presidential our way of life, of which seven of the great Opposite this pillar was a replica of a Assistant Sherman Adams accused the ones are here set up--with a few thoughts Democratic Party of political sadism. as to how t hey could be effectively torn painting entitled "Moszs Shows the Com­ down. mandments to the People," followed by Mr. Hall has indicated his direct oppo­ the words: sition to the President on the question of And then on the pages following in whether communism will be an issue in Moses is here shown as he came down from beautiful color and arranged with great Mount Sinai after being summoned for the the 1954 congressional elections. artistry and simplicity was the follow­ divine revelation of the law. In his absence, The real issue here is whether the Pres­ ing text: the people set up an idol in the form of a ident is actually the leader of his Party, golden calf. whether he is the person with those ad­ MAN, THE IMAGE OF GOD mirable qualities of leadership which God created man in his own image. So CHRIST AND THE GOLDEN RULE it is written in the Book of Genesis. Man Two thousand years after the great docu­ were endorsed by the majority of voting is an individual. There can be none beside ments already touched upon were revealed to Americans in 1952. The time has come him to say otherwise; no mandate other than mankind, Christ came on earth. One of His for the President to take his stand and from God to make him stay put. great contributions to the world was a new grasp the reins of control. The vitriolic "Man, the image of God," means that no commandment: "Love thy neighbor as thy­ campaign of Republican oratory which other label can be put on him; neither can self. Do to others as you would be done by. Mr. Hall has sponsored and enthusiasti­ he hide under another label, for man must For whatever you do to the least of human cally supported can lead to a division of always live with himself; it is the price he beings you do it to mankind and yourself." pays for his individuality. It is the still Although a gentle teacher and philosopher, the American people that will seriously small voice that comes in the night-the Christ also was a fighter whose sword of truth weaken our Nation in this hour of crisis. conscience. defended the dignity of man as an individual, Now is the time for the President to act. God created man in his own image. God fought against the surrender of freedom, and He can prove his dedication to the prin­ is life, life is energy. Man, as all living attacked all combinations that stood between ciples of Abraham Lincoln, to the prin­ things, must struggle for existence. There­ direct contact of man with his Creator. ciples of decency and fair play, by sum­ fore, man must depend upon his own energy So Christ lifted up into place the greatest marily dismissing Republican Chairman and convert it to human needs. His energy of all the pillars of civilization-the impor­ cannot be obstructed by another, neither tance of human brotherhood. The destruc­ Hall. can he be deprived of the fruits of his labor. tion of this pillar is the aim of the police This is the first great pillar of civilization. state, accomplished by pitting human To topple it most effectively, deny man his against human-blood brother against blood Seven Great Pillars of Civilization individuality and replace it with a number; brother. take his energy out of his control and cir­ cumscribe it by edict, involuntarily. Opposite that page was a drawing en­ EXTENSION OF REMARKS titled "The Good Samaritan," followed OF Opposite the foregoing Pillar of Civi­ by the words: lization there was printed in beautiful HON. CLYDE DOYLE color, magnificence, and artistry a draw­ Love thy neighbor as thyself-do unto OF CALIFORNIA. others as thou would hava them do unto ing entitled "The Creation of Man,'' fol­ you. IN THE EOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES lowed by the words: MOHAMMED, THE PRACTICAL PROPHET Friday, February 12, 1954 This drawing is taken from a painting by In the year 570 A. D. the Prophet Moham­ Mr. DOYLE. Mr. Speaker, on the Michelangelo, in the Sistine Chapel, Rome, med was born. He believed that man must and shows the divine spark of life passing be judged but not controlled; each individ­ evening of February 16, 1954, many of from the Creator to the listless hand of man. the Members of the House and Senate of ual is free but responsible. MOSES AND THE LAW Drawn by this great freedom of spirit and this great Congress were the pleased and brotherhood, the greatest minds of the Mid­ honored guests of the Veterans of "1. Thou shalt have no other gods before Me. dle East and the Orient formed the Saracen Foreign Wars of the United States at a "2. Thou shalt not make unto thee any culture. sumptuous and beautifully appointed graven image, or any likeness of anything In this culture, education flourished annual banquet here at the Nation's that is in heaven above, or that is in the openly. Adapting the experience of others, Capital. At each of our reserved places earth beneath. Thou shalt not bow down to they laid much of the groundwork of our at the tables was a magnificently printed them or serve them. modern science, medicine, agriculture, and and prepared booklet in colors entitled "3. Thou shalt not take the name of the personal hygiene. They invented, among "Seven Great Pillars of Civilization." Lord thy God in vain. other things, the zero (0), that concept in The appropriate words by this distin­ "4. Remember the Sabbath Day to keep it numerology without which engineering, holy. Six days shalt thou labor and do all chemistry, and measurements used in in­ guished patriotic order were as follows: thou hast to do; but the seventh day is the ventions and mathematical findings can­ May this brief sketch of mankind's spir­ Sabbath of the Lord thy God. In it thou not exist. itual and intellectual evolution serve as a shalt do no manner of work. There is no denying the Saracen contribu­ reminder of some of the historic figures and "5. Honour thy father and thy mother. tion to civilization. The attempt to estab­ events that shaped western civilization. "6. Thou shalt not kill. lish .man as a brother, and to further the These strong pillars became a part of the "7. Thou shalt not commit adultery. unhampering of man's thoughts and acts, structure of our Republic at its founding­ "8. Thou shalt not steal. raised yet another great pillar-most quickly symbols of the rights of man, for which the "9. Thou shalt not bear false witness undermined by relieving man of the oppor­ VFW was proud to fight on foreign soil, against thy neighboz:. tunity of making his own ideas work. 1704 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE February 15 Opposite this page was a drawing en­ not master, and the Constitution is designed Dr. Bell cracking such technical problems titled "A Saracen University." The to make it stay that way. of science and engineering, and converting Here, then, is that of which the sixth them to human needs, in an authoritarian words below this drawing were: great pillar of civilization is made: "We hold form of highly centralized government be­ There is no enrollment, and no diploma these truths to be self-evident, that all nren comes evident when it is realized that the in these seats of learning, found in the are created equal, that they are endowed by station of these men in such a government mosque; the tuition is based on a voluntary their Creator with certain inalienable rights, would deny them the greatest of all sources agreement between teacher and student. that among these are life, liberty and the of invention and research, namely: incen­ WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR pursuit of happiness." t ive. This booklet does not propose to show In the year 1066 A. D. William of Nor­ An inspiring drawing of the Jefferson Americans as inheritors of a master race, mandy defeated the Saxon King Harold at Memori::~J here in the Nation's Capitol and, as such, superior beings. We only have Senlac and became the conqueror of Eng­ appeared opposite this "pillar" stating, land. People accepted his k ingship as com­ to remember that the direct ancestors of the ing from God: Secure in his seagirt island, "Let everyone ascribe the faith and mer­ people who brought this Government into it he chooses." being were Anglo-Saxons, and they starved he developed a tolerancy that enabled him alongside all the other nations. One thing to organize the ancient Anglo-Saxon heritage FREEDOM OF HUMAN ENERGY they did have, however, was an instinctive of the "moot"-that local liberty in which "A wise and frugal government which shall sense of personal freedom. What this book­ the community assembled to give its assent restrain men from injuring one another, let has striven to show is the truth and the to their leaders' deliberations. In this man­ shall leave them free otherwise to regulate rightness of all the things that have con­ ner free courts, speech, and the dignity of their own pursuits of industry and improve­ tributed to our present form of civilization; the individual were encouraged, so that soon ment, and shall not take from the mouth of that if we are to be a productive people we the peasantry came to regard themselves as labor the bread it has earned. This is the must r ve life, and if we are to have life we allies of the Crown. Thus we see the begin­ sum of good government." (EKcerpt from munt be productive, and this life must be as ning of parliamentary institutions, with the writings of Thomas Jefferson.) fr-ee as the sun and the air that go to make conquest becoming the starting point of Down through the ages many human be­ up our world itself. Thus our seventh great English freedom, and bringing into being a ings have starved. Many were intelligent pillar is dedicated to individual man; only constitution upon which, 700 years later, we people, and with fertile lands of great ex­ he can create productivity, and only man can were to form our own great written docu­ t:mt, and yat they were unable to get enough control the productivity he creates. To de­ ment. In the conqueror's Domesday Booke to eat. Modern nations have not been any stroy this pillar, simply withhold from man we find the b asic protection of life and exception for in Jefferson's day the French the fruits of his own labor. p roperty. people were dying of hunger, and today, even So rises another great pillar-a symbol in countries rich in ancient philosophies, Following this, on the opposite page, Of law and order, an impartial third party. famines kill millions. China and India are was a magnificent drawing of a stained­ A very magnificent drawing opposite continually ravaged and in the 1930's thou­ glass window entitled "The Fruits of sands died of starvation in the richest farm­ Freedom," which had been dedicated to this page was entitled "William the Con­ lands of the Soviet Union. quernr Being Lifted Up at Westminster" Hew, then, are we to account for such science and invention. with the following notation: abundance in America that the pangs of Mr. Speaker, while the great and con­ On Christmas Day, 1066, William was lifted hunger are unknown; there has never been tinuous patriotic services and contribu­ upon the shoulders of his knights so that a famine recorded in this country. tions ma::le by the ve·terans of Foreign all men could see, and therefore recognize Human beings still live in hovals with no Wars of the United States of America to their king. wlndows, floors, chimneys. We, in America, the Nation's security and happinens are take these features for granted, and regard almm;t universally known and recognized JEFFERSON AND THE RIGHTS OF MAN electricity, and all its appliances and equip­ In 1776, Thomas Jeffernon, in company ment as everyday necessities, easily available by the appreciative millions of Ameri­ with many American businem;men and farm­ for our use. The forces of nature are har­ cans, the printing and distribution of ers, drew up a document dealing with the nessed for the une of humblest citizens; !:'ani­ this very appropriate booklet, which was rights of man, and thus created the cause tation, hygiene, and other services are ac­ . graciou:::;ly presented to each one of the of . the American Revolution. In this new cepted without questioning, and are not even guests in attendance at the banquet, was Republic no official would ever be permitted regarded as luxuries today. only one of the occasions, I am informed, to think, decide, act, or judge as one man; These are facts. Why is it so? The an­ when the booklet is distributed in large a government was devised to divide thece swer is so clear that it will stand up under any scrutiny; simply put, it is this: T>os­ and small quantities to leading citizens responsibilities of man into three parts: a session of frea::iom, which in turn produces and public officials throughout the Na­ Congress to think and decide; a President to freedom of possession. Without posse:mion act; and a Supreme Court to be referee. This tion. one cannot improve; if one cannot improve In this connection I highly recommend Government was handed, by the people, a one has no incentive-no will, or purpose, · list of particulars which it must not do. to improve. Owning something is the first that every thinking patriotic citizen ob­ This was the first document of ito kind ever requisite for creating something. The im­ tain a copy thereof at the earliest possi­ written. The Government was servant, and possibil ty of Edisons, Fords, and men like ble date.

us the vanity and futility of a queGt for nicated to the Senate by Mr. Miller, one SENATE salvat·on which leaves ourselves un­ of his secretaries, and he announced that changed. MONDAY, FEBRUARY 15, 1954 on today, February 15, 1954, the Presi­ Direct our stepz, guard us from error, dent had approved and signed the act where others s·t, seeing life's tangled of additional circuit and district judges, skein through the eyes of those less for­ and for other purposes. The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian, tunate tC.an ourselves. So make us on the expiration of the recess. faithful ministers of th·s fear-haunted The Chaplain, Rev. Frederick Brown and stricken generation. We ask it in MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE­ Harris, D. D., offered the following the dear Redeemer's name. Amen. prayer: RETURN OF BILL A message from the House of Repre­ Our Father God: Conscious of the THE JOURNAL sentatives, by Mr. Maurer, its reading faults and failures which mar and stain the past, we are grateful that each new On request of Mr. KNOWLAND, and by clerk, returned to the Senate, in compli­ week brings us to the land of beginning unanimous com:ent, t he reading of the ance with its request, the bill