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Ghana Study Tour Notebook

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Ghana Study Tour Notebook North Carolina State University Department of Forestry Study Tour 12-28 May, 2004 Table of Contents Topic Page General Information Participant List, Important Contact Information, Map of USA and NC 1 Ghana Basic Information:, Human Development Indicators, Geo Facts 2 Ghana At a Glance: Socio-Economic Indicators 3-4 Health Information for Travelers to West Africa (Ctr for Disease Control) 5-6 Ghana Travel Advisory (US State Department) 7-8 Packing List 9 Travel Tips to Ghana 10-11 Culture & History History of Ghana 12 Overview of Ghana’s Culture, Religion, Language, Festivals and Education 13 Customs, Colors and the Music of Ghana 14 Food in Ghana 15 Curious Coffins of Ghana 16 Natural Resources Natural Resources: Background 17 Forest Policy 18 Non-Renewable Resources 19 Bush Meat: Hunting, Trade and Traditions 20 Wildlife in the Republic of Ghana 21 Protected Areas 22 Combating Deforestation 23-24 The Volta Lake and the Akosombo Dam 25 Tree Species of Africa 26 Mangroves 27 Timber & Wood Products Industry of Ghana 28 Rapid Rural Appraisal & Certification Rapid Appraisal Methods 29 Rapid Rural Appraisal 30 FSC Principles and Criteria 31-33 Forestry Department Highlights Department of Forestry Highlights, 2002-2003 34 Syllabus and Rapid Rural Appraisal Guidelines 35 Detailed Itinerary 39 Space for Notes 41 1 North Carolina State University Department of Forestry Ghana Study Tour 12-28 May, 2004 Participants Important Contact Information Faculty USA Erin Sills Dept. Of Forestry, Carolina Thompson, Subhrendu NCSU Pattanayak NCSU Campus Police (1) 919- 515-3333 Daniel Robison Study Abroad Office (1) 919-515-2087 Students OISSS Phone: (1) 919-515-2961 Fax: (1) 919-515-1402 Stibniati e-mail: [email protected] Atmadja MEDEX (1) 410-453-6330, UNC System Plan ID # 538 Malin Birgersson Jin Huang Angela Hubbs Ghana Emily Kwaku Passah (233) 21- 410-424/ (233) 277- 544-644 MacFayden Group Celphone Amanda Rogers US Embassy in Accra 6th and 10th Lanes, Osu. (e-mail: [email protected]) Jamie Schuler Phone: (233) 21-776-601/602 Fax: (233) 21-701-1813 Andrea Wade After Hours Emergency: (233) 21-775-297 KLM (233) 21 - 241560 / 224030 / 224050 / 776509 / 775729 Map of United States of America Map of North Carolina 12 BASIC INFORMATION Capital : Accra. Population : 19,894,014 (36% urban) Languages : English; more than 50 tribal languages, including Dagbani, Fante, Twi, Ewe and Ga. Predominant Religions: Animist, Christian, Islamic. Time Zone : Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Daylight Saving Time is not observed. +5Hours Raleigh time. Voltage Requirements: 220 volts (US is 110 volts) Telephone Codes: 233, country code. Currency : Cedi (US$1 ≈ 9,000 cedi) HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS Life expectancy at birth = 57 years Malaria cases = 15,350 per 100,000 people Total fertility rate = 4.6 Infant mortality = 58 per 1000 live births Adult literacy = 72% Female adult literacy = 63% GDP per capita (in PPP) = $1,964 Population below poverty line ($1 per day) = 45% GHANA GEOGRAPHY FACTS Reference: http://www.ghanaweb.com/GhanaHomePage/geography/ Area : 230,020 sq km of land area, slightly smaller than Oregon Location : A few degrees North of the Equator bordering Cote D'ivoire, Burkina Faso, and Togo Terrain : primarily low plains with divided plateau in south-central area Tallest Peak : Mount Afadjato, 883m Lowest Point : Atlantic Coast, 0m Climate : Tropical. The eastern coast is warm and comparatively dry while it is hot and humid in the southwest, and hot and dry in the north. Rainy Season : South: May - June and August - September, North: Rainy seasons merge Coastline : 537 km Largest Body of Water: Lake Volta, the largest man-made lake in the world. Land use : arable land: 12%, permanent crops: 7%, permanent pastures: 22%, forests and, woodland: 35%, other: 24% (1993 est.) 2 3 4 Health Information for Travelers to West Africa Taken from CDC Food and waterborne diseases are the number one Prevention cause of illness in travelers. Travelers’ diarrhea can be All travelers to West Africa, including infants, children, caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites, which are and former residents of West Africa should take one found throughout the region and can contaminate of the following antimalarial drugs (listed food or water. Infections may cause diarrhea and alphabetically): vomiting (E. coli, Salmonella, cholera, and parasites), • atovaquone/proguanil, fever (typhoid fever and toxoplasmosis), or liver • doxycycline, damage (hepatitis). Make sure your food and drinking • mefloquine, water are safe. (See below.) • primaquine (in special circumstances; see below) MALARIA Malaria is a serious, but preventable infection that can NOTE: Chloroquine is NOT an effective antimalarial be fatal. Your risk of malaria may be high in these drug in West Africa and should not be taken to countries, including cities. Prevent this deadly disease prevent malaria in this region. by seeing your health care provider for a prescription antimalarial drug and by protecting yourself against Antimalarial Drugs Purchased Overseas mosquito bites (see below). All travelers to West You should purchase your antimalarial drugs before Africa, including infants, children, and former residents travel. Drugs purchased overseas may not be of West Africa, are at risk for malaria. All travelers manufactured according to United States standards should take one of the following drugs (listed and may not be effective. They also may be alphabetically): atovaquone/proguanil, doxycycline, dangerous, contain counterfeit medications or mefloquine, or primaquine (in special circumstances). contaminants, or be combinations of drugs that are not safe to use. Halofantrine (marketed as Halfan) is Symptoms and Transmission widely used overseas to treat malaria. CDC Malaria is a serious disease that is transmitted recommends that you do NOT use halofantrine to humans by the bite of an infected female Anopheles because of serious heart-related side effects, including mosquito. Symptoms may include fever and flu-like deaths. You should avoid using antimalarial drugs that illness, including chills, headache, muscle aches, and are not recommended unless you have been fatigue. Malaria may cause anemia and jaundice. diagnosed with life-threatening malaria and no other Plasmodium falciparum infections, if not immediately options are immediately available. treated, may cause kidney failure, coma, and death. Malaria can often be prevented by using Protect Yourself from Mosquito Bites antimalarial drugs and by using personal protection Malaria is transmitted by the bite of an infected measures to prevent mosquito bites (see below). mosquito; these mosquitoes usually bite between However, in spite of all protective measures, travelers dusk and dawn. If possible, remain indoors in a may still develop malaria. screened or air-conditioned area during the peak Malaria symptoms will occur at least 7 to 9 biting period. If out-of-doors, prevent mosquito bites days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. Fever by wearing long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats; in the first week of travel in a malaria-risk area is apply insect repellent to exposed skin. Use insect unlikely to be malaria; however, any fever should be repellents that contain DEET (diethylmethyltoluamide) promptly evaluated. Malaria is always a serious for the best protection. disease and may be a deadly illness. If you become ill When using repellent with DEET, follow these with a fever or flu-like illness either while traveling in a precautions: malaria-risk area or after you return home (for up to 1 • Read and follow the directions and precautions on year), you should seek immediate medical attention the product label. and should tell the physician your travel history. • Use only when outdoors and wash skin with soap and water after coming indoors. Malaria Risk : • Do not breathe in, swallow, or get into the eyes. Ghana: All areas. (DEET is toxic if swallowed.) If using a spray product, apply DEET to your face by spraying your hands and rubbing the product carefully over the face, avoiding eyes and mouth. • Do not put repellent on wounds or broken skin. 5 • Higher concentrations of DEET may have a longer with the local population, stay longer than 6 repellent effect; however, concentrations over 50% months, or be exposed through medical treatment. provide no added protection. • Meningococcal meningitis, for travel to most of • Timed-release DEET products may have a longer these countries from December through June. repellent effect than liquid products. • Yellow fever. • DEET may be used on adults, children, and infants • Rabies, if you might be exposed to wild or older than 2 months of age. Protect infants by domestic animals through your work or recreation. using a carrier draped with mosquito netting with • Typhoid, particularly if you are visiting developing an elastic edge for a tight fit. countries in this region. • Children under 10 years old should not apply insect • As needed, booster doses for tetanus-diphtheria, repellent themselves. Do not apply to young measles, and a one-time dose of polio vaccine for children’s hands or around eyes and mouth. adults. Hepatitis B vaccine is now recommended for all infants and for children ages 11–12 years If you are not staying in well-screened or air- who did not complete the series as infants. conditioned rooms, you should take additional precautions, including sleeping under mosquito netting To stay healthy, do... (bed nets). Bed nets sprayed with the insecticide • Wash hands often with soap and water. permethrin are more effective; permethrin both repels • Protect yourself from mosquito bites: and kills mosquitoes. In the United States, permethrin o Pay special attention to mosquito protection is available as a spray or liquid (e.g. Permanone) to between dusk and dawn. This is when the type treat clothes and bed nets. Bed nets may be of mosquito whose bite transmits malaria is purchased that have already been treated with active. permethrin. Permethrin or another insecticide, o Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats.
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