Trichomanes elongatum

COMMON NAME Bristle fern

SYNONYMS Selenodesmium elongatum (A.Cunn.) Copel., Abrodictyum elongatum (A.Cunn.) Ebihara et K.Iwats.

FAMILY Hymenophyllaceae

AUTHORITY Trichomanes elongatum A.Cunn.

FLORA CATEGORY Vascular – Native

ENDEMIC TAXON No Long Bay, Coromandel. Photographer: John ENDEMIC GENUS Smith-Dodsworth No

ENDEMIC FAMILY No

STRUCTURAL CLASS Ferns

NVS CODE TRIELO

CURRENT CONSERVATION STATUS Long Bay, Coromandel. Photographer: John 2012 | Not Threatened Smith-Dodsworth

PREVIOUS CONSERVATION STATUSES 2009 | Not Threatened 2004 | Not Threatened

DISTRIBUTION Endemic. New Zealand: North, South and Chatham Islands. Scarce on the Chatham Islands where it is only known from Rekohu (Chatham Islands)

HABITAT Coastal to montane in closed and open forest and gumland scrub. Usually on semi-shaded mossy clay banks, in overhangs on rock, soil, clay or along stream side banks. Often in rather dry or seasonally dry, semi-shaded sites. This species appears to resent poorly drained habitats.

FEATURES Terrestrial tufted fern. Rhizomes short, stout, erect, bearing numerous dark brown hairs. Fronds submembranous, ± cartilaginous, dark olive-green, adaxially glossy, surfaces often covered in epiphyllous liverworts and mosses. Stipes 50-200 mm long. Rachises winged only near apices. Laminae 60-150 × deltoid, 3-pinnate. Primary and secondary pinnae overlapping, stalked; ultimate segments broad, deeply toothed, the veins forking several times in each. Sori sessile, borne in notches of lamina segments, several on each primary pinnae. Indusia tubular, mouth slightly flared, receptacle exserted.

SIMILAR TAXA Easily recognised by the erect rhizome, deltoid, dark olive-green fronds (which often support epiphyllous bryophytes), and by the conspicuous tubular indusia bearing brown hair-like, bristly well exserted receptacles. FLOWERING N.A.

FLOWER COLOURS No flowers

FRUITING N.A.

PROPAGATION TECHNIQUE Difficult - should not be removed from the wild

ETYMOLOGY trichomanes: From the ancient Greek name used by Theophrastus and Dioscorides, for a type of fern; refers to the slender hair projecting from each spore case elongatum: Elongate

WHERE TO BUY Not commercially available. TAXONOMIC NOTES Previously NZPCN had followed Ebihara et al. (2006) in recognising Abrodictyum as distinct from Trichomanes - recently Brownsey & Perrie (2016) have rejected this idea favouring a return to the past broad circumscription of Trichomanes used in New Zealand.

ATTRIBUTION Fact sheet prepared for NZPCN by P.J. de Lange (21 April 2011). Description adapted from Brownsey & Smith- Dodsworth (2000).

REFERENCES AND FURTHER READING Brownsey, P.J.; Smith-Dodsworth, J.C. 2000: New Zealand Ferns and Allied Plants. Auckland, David Bateman Brownsey, P.J. & Perrie, L.R. 2016: Hymenophyllaceae. In: Breitwieser, I.; Heenan, P.B.; Wilton, A.D. Flora of New Zealand - Ferns and Lycophytes. Fascicle 15. Manaaki Whenua Press, Lincoln. Ebihara, A.; Dubuisson, J-Y.; Iwatsuki, K.; Hennequin, S.; Ito, M. 2006: A taxonomic revision of the Hymenophyllaceae. Blumea 51: 2-57

CITATION Please cite as: de Lange, P.J. (Year at time of access): Trichomanes elongatum Fact Sheet (content continuously updated). New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/trichomanes-elongatum/ (Date website was queried)

MORE INFORMATION https://www.nzpcn.org.nz/flora/species/trichomanes-elongatum/