MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE LAYER UNEP REPORT OF THE TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT PANEL QUARANTINE AND PRESHIPMENT TASKFORCE – FINAL REPORT OCTOBER 2009 UNEP OCTOBER 2009 REPORT OF THE TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT PANEL QUARANTINE AND PRESHIPMENT TASKFORCE FINAL REPORT October 2009 TEAP Quarantine and Preshipment Taskforce Finl Report iii Montreal Protocol On Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer Report of the UNEP Technology and Economic Assessment Panel Quarantine and Preshipment Taskforce - Final Report October 2009 The text of this report is composed mainly in Times New Roman. Composition of the Report: Quarantine and Presipment Task Force Coordination: Marta Pizano, Jonathan Banks, QPS Task Force Co- Chairs Final editing and layout: Marta Pizano Reproduction: UNEP/ Ozone Secretariat, Nairobi Date: October 5 2009 Under certain conditions, printed copies of this report are available from: United Nations Environment Programme Ozone Secretariat P.O. Box 30552 Nairobi, Kenya This document is also available in portable document format from: http://ozone.unep.org/Assessment_Panels/TEAP/Reports/ No copyright involved. This publication may be freely copied, abstracted and cited, with acknowledgement of the source of the material. Task Force membership Co-Chairs: Marta Pizano (Colombia); Jonathan Banks (Australia) Members: Ken Glassey (New Zealand); Takashi Misumi (Japan); David Okioga (Kenya); Ken Vick (USA); Eduardo Wellink (Argentina); Tom Batchelor (Belgium); Ian Porter (Australia); Wang Yuejin (PRC). iv October 2009 TEAP Quarantine and Preshipment Taskforce Final Report UNEP OCTOBER 2009 REPORT OF THE TECHNOLOGY AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT PANEL QUARANTINE AND PRESHIPMENT TASK FORCE FINAL REPORT Common Acronyms 1,3-D 1,3-dichloropropene A5 Article 5 Party CUE Critical Use Exemption CUN Critical Use Nomination EC European Community EPPO European Plant Protection Organisation IPPC International Plant Protection Convention ISPM International Standard Phytosanitary Measure MB Methyl Bromide MBTOC Methyl Bromide Technical Options Committee MITC Methylsiocyanate MOP Meeting of the Parties NPPO National Plant Protection Organisation OEWG Open Ended Working Group Pic Chloropicrin QPS Quarantine and Pre-shipment SF Sulfuryl fluoride TEAP Technology and Economic Assessment Panel USA, US United States of America October 2009 TEAP Quarantine and Preshipment Taskforce Final Report v Disclaimer The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel (TEAP) Co-chairs and members, the Quarantine and Preshipment Task Force Co-chairs and members, and the companies and organisations that employ them do not endorse the performance, worker safety, or environmental acceptability of any of the technical options discussed. Every industrial and agricultural operation requires consideration of environmental and worker safety and proper disposal of contaminants and waste products. Moreover, as work continues – including additional toxicity evaluation – more information on health, environmental and safety effects of alternatives and replacements will become available for use in selecting among the options discussed in this document. UNEP, the TEAP Co-chairs and members, the Quarantine and Preshipment Task Force Co- chairs and members, in furnishing or distributing this information, do not make any warranty or representation, either express or implied, with respect to the accuracy, completeness, or utility; nor do they assume any liability of any kind whatsoever resulting from the use or reliance upon any information, material, or procedure contained herein, including but not limited to any claims regarding health, safety, environmental effect or fate, efficacy, or performance, made by the source of information. Mention of any company, association, or product in this document is for information purposes only and does not constitute a recommendation of any such company, association, or product, either express or implied by UNEP, the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel Co-chairs or members, the Quarantine and Preshipment Task Force or members, or the companies or organisations that employ them. Acknowledgements The Technology and Economic Assessment Panel, its Quarantine and Preshipment Task Force Co-chairs and members acknowledge with thanks the collaboration with the IPPC Secretariat in production of this report and the outstanding contributions from all of the individuals and organisations that provided support to Panel and Committee Co-chairs and members. The opinions expressed in this report are those of the Panel and Committee and do not necessarily reflect the views of any sponsoring or supporting organisation. vi October 2009 TEAP Quarantine and Preshipment Taskforce Final Report 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................1 2 INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................................5 2.1 MANDATE AND SCOPE OF THE FINAL REPORT ...........................................................................................5 2.1.1. Fulfilment of Decision XX/6 – Process...........................................................................................5 2.1.2. Layout and structure of the report..................................................................................................6 2.1.3. Origin and original intent of the QPS exemption...........................................................................7 2.1.4. Decisions relating to QPS use of methyl bromide..........................................................................9 2.1.5. Quarantine and Pre-shipment - definitions ..................................................................................10 3. PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION................................................................................15 3.1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................15 3.1.1. Sources of information – Volumes of MB used for QPS ..............................................................16 3.1.2. Overview of QPS production and consumption ...........................................................................17 3.1.3. Comparison of global production and consumption....................................................................17 3.2. PRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................18 3.2.1. Global Production for QPS Purposes ..........................................................................................18 3.2.2. Production by Party ......................................................................................................................19 3.3. CONSUMPTION .........................................................................................................................................20 3.3.1. Global MB consumption for QPS uses .........................................................................................20 3.3.2. Consumption in non-Article 5 Parties ..........................................................................................22 3.3.3. Consumption in Article 5 Parties..................................................................................................25 3.3.4. Proportions of QPS use covered by IAs and domestic regulations .............................................27 3.4. SUMMARY: PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION ........................................................................................28 3.4.1. Trends by region............................................................................................................................28 3.4.2. Trends globally..............................................................................................................................29 4. REPORTED USES ...................................................................................................................31 4.1. INTRODUCTION AND MANDATE ...............................................................................................................31 4.1.1. Target pests for QPS treatments...................................................................................................31 4.1.2. Examples of key pest listings.........................................................................................................32 4.1.2.1. Key pests - Canada..................................................................................................................32 4.1.2.2. Key pests - Mexico...................................................................................................................34 4.1.2.3. Key pests - Japan......................................................................................................................35 4.1.2.4 Key pests - EC ..........................................................................................................................37 4.2. MAJOR QPS USES AND VOLUMES OF METHYL BROMIDE.........................................................................37 4.2.1. Use by quantity..............................................................................................................................39 4.3. SUMMARY: REPORTED USES...................................................................................................................41