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UNITED NATIONS E Distr. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL LIMITED COUNCIL E/ESCWA/SDPD/2018/WG.11/Report 2 January 2019 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) Report ETC Session: Technology and Innovation for Agriculture Development/ Eighth Scientific Agricultural Conference (ESAC-2018) Karak, Jordan, 15-17 October 2018 Summary ESCWA supported the Eighth Scientific Agricultural Conference (ESAC-2018) entitled "Agricultural Challenges and Sustainable Development" organized by the Faculty of Agriculture at Mutah University, Karak, Jordan during the period 15-17 October 2018. ESCWA Technology Centre (ETC) in cooperation with ICARDA organized and conducted a dedicated session on “Technology and Innovation for Agricultural Development” during (ESAC-2018). The main objective of this session is to exchange views of regional and international experts on how to use technology as one of the means of implementation of SDGs to develop a sustainable agricultural sector in the region. The session provided a podium to discuss pathways in which green technology can be used to reduce hunger, enhance prosperity in a region that is characterized by ongoing conflicts and wars. The main key messages and recommendations resulted from this session were concentrated around the importance of fostering and enhancing research projects related to sustainable agriculture, utilizing opportunities in technology and innovation in the field of sustainable agriculture to contribute to the global food security, and engaging academia in policy formulation for sustainable agriculture. ___________________________ Note: This document has been reproduced in the form in which it was received, without formal editing. 19-00004 Table of Contents INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 3 I. CONCLUSION AND WAY FORWARD ............................................................... 3 II. OPENING SESSION ............................................................................................... 4 III. SESSION ONE: Technology and Innovation for Agricultural Development .......... 4 A. Objectives of the session……………………………….………………………..4 B. Session Discussion:……………………………………………………………...5 IV. Other Input Supported by ETC…………………………………………………6 V. ORGANIZATION……………………………………………………………...7 A. Date and venue………………………………………..………………………...7 B. Agenda……………………………………………………..…………………...7 C. Documents……………………………………………….……………………...7 Annex I. Agenda………………………………………………………………………...8 Annex II. List of All Participants………………………………………………………11 Table 1 11 Table 2 13 Table 3 14 Table 4 15 Table 5 16 Table 6 17 Annex III. List of ETC and Supported Participants ......................................................... 19 2 INTRODUCTION 1. ESCWA supported the Eighth Scientific Agricultural Conference (ESAC-2018) entitled "Agricultural Challenges and Sustainable Development" organized by the Faculty of Agriculture at Mutah University, Karak, Jordan during the period 15-17 October 2018. 2. The ESAC-2018 was held in collaboration with the Agricultural Faculties at the Jordanian Universities, the Ministry of Agriculture, the National Agricultural Research Centre, Jordanian Ministry of Water and Irrigation, ESCWA Technology Centre (ETC), ICARDA, and FAO. 3. The conference provided a forum for a thorough discussion of the challenges and new trends in the fields of agriculture, water, food and environment and established a better cooperation among researchers in these fields at local, regional and international levels. 4. As part of the conference, ETC in cooperation with ICARDA organized a dedicated session on “Technology and Innovation for Agricultural Development”. The main objective of this session is to exchange views of regional and international experts discussing the prospect of using technology as one of the means of implementation of SDGS in order to develop a sustainable agricultural sector in the region. 5. The session was organized to provide a podium for discussing pathways in which green technology can be used to reduce hunger, enhance prosperity in a region that is characterized by ongoing conflicts and wars. I. CONCLUSION AND WAY FORWARD 6. Key messages and recommendations of the conference that are related to science, technology and innovation were as follow: a. Establishing a podium for stakeholders to address the agriculture-food sector challenges, promoting related research projects and technology transfer. b. Academic institutions and research centers should consider more robust research projects and leveraging resources from multiple investments, so that agricultural research has a stronger role in policy formulation. Furthermore, research centers can tap upon new research areas for Jordan such as: climate change, innovative technology and design for water management, salinity and droughts issues, agrochemicals alternatives for integrated pest management, gene editing techniques for developing new crops and the utilization of plant genetic resources that have social and economic values. c. Fostering and utilizing opportunities for agricultural innovation in the field of sustainable agriculture to contribute to food security by encouraging plant breeders and research scientists to invest heavily in gene research, seed production and the exploitation of wild and local genetic resources for developing new plant varieties with specific traits that can adapt to climate change, salinity, drought and diseases. d. Engaging academic scientists in policy formulation related to sustainable agriculture and promoting agricultural science and innovation policy across the country and the region. e. Using new techniques that enhance the efficient use of water and fertilizers to optimize yield under harsh environmental conditions. f. Using the new greenhouse structure and hydroponic farming technology to ensure the efficient use of water under arid and semiarid areas. 3 g. Using sustainable production systems and genome selection in the breeding programs for local pure breeds. h. Public polices to support adopting innovative technologies for irrigation combined with harvesting schemes. i. Designing and implementing new extension programs for farmers addressing the following topics: modernizing farms, training courses in agricultural marketing and sustainable agriculture, and using digital technologies in agriculture. II. OPENING SESSION 7. During the opening, and on behalf of ETC Dr. Martin Keulrutz, Assistant Professor at AUB, and a key note speaker, provided input entitled “Bridging the Gap between Science and Policy for Water and Food Security in the Arab region” In his presentation; Dr. Martin, a reviewer of the ESCWA publication, started by stating the current regional food security status and issues based on ESCWA publication titled “Arab Horizon 2030: enhancing food security in the arab region”. Then he explained the importance of bridging science and policy for food security in the decades to come. He stressed on two major issues. First, a scientific framework for change in the Arab world: the water-energy-food-health nexus (WEFRAH) was introduced expressing the interlinkages between resources, human activity and human health as cornerstones for development. Second, applied technologies based on the WEFRAH framework such as physical water accounting, consumer awareness and community engagement tools showing that food security does not only involve epic challenges but excellent opportunities for agricultural and technological development and innovation in the Arab region. The presentation ended up with suggestions on how to further bridge science and policy to achieve the SDGs in the Arab region. During his presentation, He also mentioned that demographic change, water scarcity, land degradation and climate change pose mega challenges that need to be addressed by all governments in the region. III. SESSION ONE: Technology and Innovation for Agricultural Development A. Objectives of the session 8. Session One was organized by ETC in cooperation with ICARDA and aim to provide a forum for deep discussion of the challenges and new trends in the fields of agriculture, water, food and environment, and to establish a better cooperation among researchers in these fields at local, regional and international levels. Furthermore, the session aimed to provide the experts and academicians with the opportunity to discuss the prospect of using technology and innovation to develop further the agricultural sector, alleviate poverty and achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs) in the region. The session also supported networking of regional professionals working on technology and agriculture to ensure complementarity and coordination. 4 B. Session Discussion: 9. Mr. Esteban Baeza, Wageningen University and Research Business Unit Greenhouse Horticulture, the Netherland, presented “Optimum Greenhouse Design In Arid Regions: A Modelling Approach”, where he mentioned that growers always struggle to understand which is the optimum greenhouse design (including the structure, the cover and the climate control equipment) that can lead to successful cultivation with minimum water and energy use. He also mentioned that results show that the optimum design in KSA for example is the mid tech design(according to their experiments in two locations). He also indicated that some technological options can only be applied if market prices are much larger than the local market available prices and the growing cycle is
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