ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized TRANSITIONAL BUS TERMINAL FACILITY AT BOGAMBARA Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized

Project Management Unit Strategic Cities Development Project Ministry of Megapolis & Western Development

December 2017 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Project Identification 03

2. Project Location 03

3. Project Justification 07

4. Project Description 10

5. Description of the Existing Environment 14

6. Public Consultation 19

7. Environmental Effects and Mitigation Measures 21

7a. Screening for Potential Environmental Impacts 21

7b.Environmental Management Plan-Carpark Rooftop 27

8. Cost of Mitigation 53

9. Conclusion and Screening Decision 54

10. EMP Implementation responsibilities and Costs 57

11. Screening Decision Recommendation 57

12. Details of Persons Responsible for the Environmental Screening 58

Annexes 1. Google image of the proposed project area 59 2. Floor Plan of the Transitional Bus Terminal 60 3. Front and side elevation of the proposed Terminal 61 4. Landslide hazard Zones in the project area (NBRO, 2000) 62 5. Summary of Procedure to Obtain Mining License for Borrow Pit Operation 64 6. Summary of Procedure to Obtain Mining License for Quarry Operation 65

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 1 7. Waste Management Best Practices 66 8. Environmental Pollution Control Standard 68 9. Factory Ordinance and ILO Guidelines 75 10. Chance finds procedures 91 11. Terms of Reference for Recruitment of Environmental Safeguard Officer

92 ABBREVIATIONS

BS British Standards CEA Central Environmental Authority dB Decibel EMS Environmental Method Statement EMP Environmental Management Plans EPL Environmental Protection License GHG Greenhouse Gases ICTAD Institute for Construction Training and Development ID Irrigation Department DS Divisional Secretory ILO International Labour Organization ICTAD Institute for Construction Training and Development KMC Kandy Municipal Council LA Local Authorities NBRO National Building Research Organization NEA National Environmental Act PHI Public Health Inspector PMU Project Management Unit RDA Road Development Authority SC Supervision Consultant SCDP Strategic Cities Development Project UDA Urban Development Authority VET Vehicle Emission Test WB World Bank

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 2 A. ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING REPORT

1. Project Identification Project title Transitional Bus Terminal at Bogambara

Project Proponent Strategic Cities Development Project of the Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development, Sri Lanka.

2. Project Location Location Kandy, Central Province. (relative to the Project site is situated in between Kandy railway Station and Bogambara Ground. nearest town, Location of the project is depicted in Annex B1. highway) Definition of The Transitional Bus Terminal is proposed at the existing bus park at Bogambara, in Project Area front of the UDA Central Provincial Office premises. Total land area of the proposed site is 4968 sq. m. Project includes the following items as per the conceptual design

and the transition plan for KMTT construction period. (The I. Site area – 4968 sq.M geographical II. Covered area - approx. 3900 sq.M extent of the III. No. of Bus Bays - 27 project & areas IV. No of Bus Services - 83 (48 interprovincial services) affected during V. Corridors: Colombo 24, Gampola 14, Kurunegala 16, Matale 29 construction) VI. Vendor Units -107

Proposed facilities for the site are steel constructed temporary terminal building, two story commercial facility, Passenger Seating, Paving and site access improvements, sanitary facilities, timetable display boards, public awareness boards, route number wise name boards, information counters, time keeper counter (SLTB & PRTA officers) Approx time for construction is 4 months

Proposed site for the transitional bus terminal at Bogambara is located in front of the UDA Central Provincial Office building facing two roads. Baladaksha Mawatha on the North, connected to William Gopallawa Mawatha and Keppetipola Road on the East The land use of the project area at Bogambara is currently a bus park. As the site is close to the Kandy General Hospital, Kandy railway station, Good Shed bus stand and Kandy municipal market, pedestrian movement in and around the site is very high. At present bus parking is done in an ad hoc manner and the pedestrian movement is not convenient. Uneven and damaged tar floor of the Bogambara bus park lead to poor storm water drainage system at the site. (Figure 3). 23 number of small shops are situated along the boundary of the Baladaksha Mawatha and these

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 3

shops can be operated without any disturbances during the constructional and operational period of the project

Figure 2.1: Present view of the entrance to the bus park from Baladaksha Mawatha

Figure 2.2: Present view from Keppetipola Road

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 4

Figure 2.3: Present view of the damaged floor of Bogambara bus park

Figure 2.4: Small shops situated along the Baladaksha Mawatha Adjacent land and As explained in the previous section, this project area is highly congested and features crowded due to the movement of traffic and people. Most of the people who are going to the Kandy General Hospital use the Keppetipola Road and Baladaksha Mawatha.

UDA Provincial Office, Police quarters, Kandy Railway Station, Advance

Technological Instuite, Bogambara stadium, public gym, Bogambara prison, Kandy Municipal Market, are the other adjacent land features in the immediate vicinity of the project area and the commercial places located in the surrounding area. In addition, there are number of utility structures located in the proposed project area, such as electricity lines, water supply, storm water drains, telephone lines etc.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 5

Figure 2.5: View of prison and entrance of the Bogambara Stadium from Baladaksha Mawatha

Figure 2.6:East boundary of the Bogambara Bus Park and Keppetipola road

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 6

3. Project Justification Need for Kandy Multimodal Transport Terminal (KMTT) is one of the major intervention of SCDP under the the project Public Transport and Traffic Improvement. During the construction period of the KMTT, it is essential to distribute 228 terminating bus services operating and all vendor operations at Good Shed without (What interrupting to existing traffic congestion and with minimum inconveniences to the general public. problem is Therefore transition plan is proposed to facilitate the bus operation during the construction period of the project the KMTT, until start the terminal operation of the KMTT. Main objectives of the transition plan are, going to solve) • To distribute 228 terminating bus services operating and all vendor operations at good shed without interrupting to existing traffic congestion, • Minimize changes to existing traffic flows • Minimize the inconvenience for commuters, bus operators, vendors during the transition period • To provide better commuter facilities at transitional sites during construction of KMTT • Introduce proposed bus operational efficiencies (recommended under PT strategy) gradually while minimizing disruptions to existing bus operation. • Minimize impact on traffic congestion in Kandy CBD due to changes in bus operations during transition period Under the transitional plan following locations are proposed as bus terminals, touch and go sites and bus parks. 1. Bus Terminals a. Bogambara Terminal b. Clock Tower Terminal c. Torrington Terminal

2. Touch & Go Sites (Halts) a. Bandaranayake Mw Bus Halt (Post Office to Clock Tower) b. Udurawana Mw Bus Halt (Bogambara Prison Front) c. Central Market Bus Halt (Torrington Market Side)

3. Bus Parking a. Kandy South Bus Depot – SLTB b. Dhammananda Mw (Ehelepola Kumarihamy Mw) Holding Bus Park c. Bogambara Stadium Holding Bus Park d. Suduhumpola Holding Bus Park – Asgiriya Temple e. shared use of proposed access road for UDA urban park at Bogambara Prisons Front

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 7 To distribute 228 terminating services operating at good shed without interrupting existing traffic organization or increasing traffic congestion, following selection criteria were applied when selecting Transition Bus Terminal Sites & Touch &Go Sites 1. Minimum inconvenience and disruption to existing traffic situation 2. Commuter, bus operator familiarity with sites 3. Accessibility for buses and commuters 4. Located within Kandy CBD and in close proximity to each other 5. Minimal Impact on Existing Traffic Congestion Issues 6. Extent of Land to accommodate bus bays

Purpose of Man purpose of the project is to facilitate 83 bus terminating services including 48 inter provincial the project services presently operated at Good Shed bus terminal. Following facilities are proposed for the (what is Bogambara site. going to be achieved by  27 Bus Bays to operate 83 bus services (48 interprovincial services) carrying  Corridors: Colombo 24, Gampola 14, Kurunegala 16, Matale 29 out the  Steel Constructed temporary terminal building,  two story commercial facility, project)  107 Vendor Units  Passenger Seating,  Paving and site access improvements,  Sanitary facilities,  Timetable Display boards,  Public awareness boards,  Name boards with route numbers,  Information Counters,  Time keeper Counter (SLTB & PRTA officers)

Figure 3.1: Proposed transitional Terminal arrangement

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 8

Alternatives Many different sites within and outside the Kandy CBD were considered (Nuwarawela, considered Deyangewela, Menikumbura) for transitional bus facility. When considering the following (different facts with minimum impact on present bus operating system, pedestrian movement and on ways to the traffic flow, Bogambara site can be considered as the most suitable site for transitional meet the bus facility for the KMTT construction period. project 1. Close proximity to Existing Good Shed site need and achieve the 2. Easy access for all 3 main bus corridors (Digana, Getambe, Kagatota) project 3. All existing bus routes travel through the Bogambara site purpose) 4. Close to existing Good shed site and other terminals t 5. Already operational for bus parking – bus operators already familiar with site 6. Passenger movement between terminals less than Goodshed site 7. Close proximity to PRTA District office 8. minimizes the circulation of buses 9. Additional flow at key intersections 10. Trips related to parking will be eliminated 11. Not significant number of additional bus trips 12. Situated within the corridor of William Gopallawa Mawatha 13. Reducing the walking time and distance for pedestrians

Figure 3.2: Present exit of the bus park

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 9

4. Project Description Proposed start date February 2018 Proposed July 2018 completion date Estimated total cost Rs.185 million Present land Central Province –Provincial Transport Services Authority ownership

Description of the Site area of the existing Bogambara Bus Park is 4968 sq.m. Approximately 3900sq.m is project proposed to be utilized for the bus terminal. The Construction of the Office of the Transitional Bus Terminal is proposed to be developed at the upper floor of the (with supporting Regional Transport Office Building at the Premises as part of the Sub-Project. Facilities material such as in the following table are proposed for the Bogambara site. The entire construction is maps, drawings etc with temporary facilities ensuring the removal of all structures upon the completion of attached as KMTT construction. required) ITEM QTY 1 TOILETS FACILITIES A Gents’ Toilet a WCs 03 nos b Wash Basins 02 nos c Urinals 03 nos` B Ladies’ Toilet a WCs 03 nos b Wash Basins 03 nos C Toilet for Differently Able 01 no. 2 BABY CARE ROOM 04.0 sq.M 3 CAFFETARIA 15.6 sq.M 4 GROCERY SHOP 62.0 sq.M 6 CIOSKS (2Mx2M x 10 nos.) A Bus Operation Management 03 nos. B Floor Manager & Aides 02 nos. C Cleansing Operations 02 nos. D Drivers & Conductors 02 nos. E Other 01 nos. 6 COMMUTERS SEATING(0.45mx0,45m size seats) A In Concourse areas 270 B In Passage Areas 090 C Fronting Cafeteria 050 D Fronting Toilets 050 Sum Total Seats 460

Table 4.1:Facilities proposed for the Bogambara Transitional Terminal

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 10

Figure 4.1: Floor plan of the proposed Bogambara Transitional Terminal

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 11

Figure 4.2 Google map of the Bogambara site

Figure 4.3: Front and side elevation of the proposed steel structure

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 12 Project Management A Project Management Unit (PMU) has been established under the Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development, to implement the proposed development activities Team in Kandy under the SCDP.

Agency Strategic Cities Development Project (SCDP) Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development

Contact person - Mr. Anura Dassanayake, Project Director Strategic Cities Development Project (SCDP), Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development Tel: 0112 887320 Fax: 0112868188 Email: [email protected]

Mrs. Gangadari Ranawaka, Deputy Project Director (Envt.) Strategic Cities Development Project (SCDP), Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development Tel:0112 887320 (Exe. 115) Fax:0112868188 Email:[email protected]

Nature of consultation and input received Stakeholder consultation meetings were held with PMU, WB, KMC, UDA-Kandy, Central Province –Provincial Transport Services Authority, SLTB, Central Province- Road Passenger Transport Authority and other stakeholders in Kandy followed by field visits and subsequently the inputs were obtained for the design. Transitional Transport plan Conceptual designs were discussed with stake holders and Steering Committee to get their views and comments. Community consultations were also conducted in order to obtain the views of the project

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 13 5. Description of the existing environment 5.1 Physical features – Ecosystem components Topography and terrain The project area lies in the physiographic region of Highlands, and the topography range about 512 m - 515 m MSL. The topography in this area

consists of an undulating terrain. The Topography map of the proposed project area is shown in the Figure 5.1.

Figure 5.1: Topography map of the Project area (Source: © 2014 FloodMap.net)

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 14 Soil (type and quality) The main soil type is the Reddish Brown Latosolic (RBL) soils and Immature Brown Loams (IBL) made from the weathering of underlying rocks and

boulders and rock outcrops. The top soil of RBL soil is reddish brown or brown, while the sub soil is red to dark reddish brown and the top soil color of IBL soil is dark brown to dark gray brown with a dark yellowish brown to brown sub soil. The texture of RBL soil is mostly clay loam and the distinct feature of this soil is well-developed structure with friable consistence to tolerate wide range of moisture conditions. Hence, the RBL soil is very productive. The texture of IBL soil is loam and contains minerals such as mica and feldspar. Both soil types are favorable for the deep rooted trees, which already exists in the area. The central province including the Kandy district is considered as Central Fragile Area due to the vulnerability to occurring landslides and hence the Soil Conservation Act No. 25 of 1951, as amended by Act No.24 of 1996 has been declared as conservation areas. The proposed boundary of the “Conservation Areas” coincides with the 300m contour line with a few exceptions. The National Building Research Organization (NBRO) has delineated such areas in relation to the degree of the potential risk for development activities. As shown in the Landslide hazard zone map (Annex 5) of sheet 54 for Kandy (which includes the project area) published by National Building Research organization and the Survey Department (2000), shows that the proposed project area denoting in “Yellow” color is considered as “Modest Level of Land slide Hazard” where slight danger of landslides exists.

Surface water The historic Kandy lake and the associated stream network is the most immediate surface water body in the project area (Figure 5.2). The water floor (sources, distance from the is towards the Western reach of the Kandy city, where Meda Ela empties to site, local uses and quality) Mahaweli River at Gatambe junction in Peradeniya. The Meda Ela spill canal is the most immediate surface water way found in the project area. The key hydro morphological features of the Kandy Lake is given below;

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 15 Figure 5.2: Hydrological network in the project area This area has no proper drainage system, but due to the slope variation, water is flowing down through gravity towards the Meda Ela and empty into the Mahweli River. Flooding can be anticipated due to the heavy flow of the existing Kandy lake spill way canal on the roof top. Ground water Groundwater in Kandy exists mostly in the form of semi confined Aquifers in the first 100 m of the bedrock. This groundwater exits both as small (sources, distance from the pockets of underground reservoirs and as fissure groundwater. The yields of site, local uses and quality) these aquifers are not very well known and are limited as they recharge very slowly. In addition, there exist high-yielding groundwater resources along the alluvial flood plains of Mahaweli River that are mostly recharged by the river water. The amount of groundwater use by the piped water supply schemes within the Kandy region is estimated at 8,567 m3/day (around 12 % of the total piped water supply). Further, the percentage of the population relying on groundwater in the district is almost 52% and individual domestic groundwater consumers are estimated to be using approximately 15 million m3 annually. Air quality Air emissions by sources such as vehicular and commercial emissions are the major pollutant sources that contribute baseline ambient air quality levels in (any pollution issues) the area. Measured ambient air quality levels by NBRO with respect to SO2, NO2, CO, O3 and PM10 and PM25 were below the Ambient Air Quality Standards stipulated by the Ministry of Environment & Natural Resources of Sri Lanka (Extraordinary Gazette No. 1562/22 August 15, 2015

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 16 Concentrationns of Air Quality Parameters at each Sampaling Locations 100 80 60 40 20 0

Concentrations (µg/m3) L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 L6 L7 L8 Location

SO2 NO2 O3 PM10 PM25

Source: Monitoring of Baseline Ambient Air Quality Levels measured by National Building Research Organization (NBRO)-2015 for the SCDP Figure 5.4: Air Pollutant concentrations in the KMC area Sampling location of the Kandy city L1 At The Good Shed area (In front of Post Office) L2 At the Clock Tower Junction L3 At the Queens Hotel Junction L4 In Front of The District Secretariat L5 At the Ampitiya Junction L6 At the Mosque Close to Kandy City Centre L7 At the Katugasthota Market L8 At the Gatambe Junction

5.2 Ecological features – Eco-system components Vegetation Biogeographically, the proposed sub-project area lies within the wet zone, but it (trees, ground cover, is closer to the boundary of the intermediate zone. Floristically it is under the aquatic vegetation) Kandy and upper Mahaweli floristic zone. Tropical Wet Evergreen Forests and

Humid Zone Dry Patana Grasslands are typical natural vegetation formations in the Kandy and Upper Mahaweli Floristic Zone. However, most of the lands in and around the proposed sub-project area under human influence and cleared for human settlements and developments. Therefore no typical natural vegetation formations exist in and around the proposed sub-project area. However, The proposed project area is an entire cleared area which provides fewer habitats of faunal and floral species due to its manmade environment. The floral diversity in

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 17 the Bogambara bus park area is considerably poor which consist of Mara (Albizia saman), Bo(ficus religeosa), Mora, Kothalahembuto, Pinus, and Jam.Total number of existing trees in the site is 15 and all trees are situated at the boundary of the site. According to the design no trees are damaged or removed for the project activities. Existing tree species and numbers are given in the following table.

Tree Species No of trees

1. Mara (Albizia saman) 01

2. Bo (ficus religeosa) 08

3. Mora (dimocarpus longan) 01

4. Kothalahem buto(Salacia reticulate) 01

5. Pinus (pinus spp) 01

6. Jam (muntingia clabura) 03

Presence of wetlands No wetlands are presence at the proposed site

Fish and fish habitats As there are no any wetlands in the proposed project site, fish habitats are not available within the project site. Birds (waterfowl, No waterfowls and migratory bird species encountered within the sub-project migratory birds, area. Few terrestrial bird species were identified in and surrounding area of the others) proposed project. Crows, Spotted Dows, Kingfisher and Minas were observed at the area during the field visits.

Presence of special There are no special habitats around the area as the area surrounding the habitat areas (special proposed site is highly urbanized and built up area. designations and identified sensitive zones)

5.3 Other features Residential/Sensitive The area is close to the Good Shed bus terminal and the Kandy Railway Areas (Eg, Hospitals, Station and this area can be considered as the most congested part of the Schools) city. Kandy Municipal market, Kandy Railway Station, Bogambara Stadium, Kandy General Hospital and Police quarters are the most immediate social and economic sensitive areas close to the project location There are no any residential areas close to the project site other than the Police quarters. Kepptepola Road running along the eastern boundary is

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 18 one of the main accesses to the Kandy General Hospital and most of the people use the Keppetipola Road as the access road to the Hospital. Traditional economic The sacred Temple of Tooth Relic and associated activities take place once a year and cultural activities during the Kandy Esala Perahera Festival is the main cultural event happens in the area. The Kandyan art, paintings and hand crafts and Kandyan cultural dancing, Brass and wooden carvings are the most famous traditional economic activities found in and around the Kandy area.

Archeological The Department of Archaeology has investigated locations for artifacts of high resources historical and archaeological interest in the surrounding but not within the project (recorded or potential location. to exist) Proposed sub project involves on the interventions related to improvement of existing facilities in the site and hence, there will be no interference with the archeological objects.

6. Public Consultation Public consulted Consultation Date Details/Issues raised method 01 Palitha Senaratna Informal 08/12/2017 Bus Terminal should be Occupation- Time discussions accommodated limited number of Keeper of the buses. According to the present Provincial Transport situation the space is not enough for Authority parking of more buses. During the Address – 1/ 88 peak times high traffic jam can be Bowela observed along Keppetipola road and Kandy the Baladaksha Mawatha. Therefore proper traffic plan should be in place during the operation. In addition there is no sanitary facilities available in the site and it may course a polluted environment around the area. Therefore sanitary facilities should be provided with the design.

02 Chandana Limited number of buses should be Karunaratna parked at the proposed bus terminal. Occupation – Bus Presently there is no any sanitary Conductor facilities and it should be included to Address – 265, the design Balagolla Kengalla

03 S. A. Senadeera There is no proper waste management Occupation- Bus system at the site, therefore people Driver dispose waste into drains and around the bus park. Waste management

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 19 Address – 51/ 59 facilities should be established within Bogambara the bus terminal Mawatha Kandy 04 J. Francis Due to the temporary bus terminal, Occupation – there may be heavy traffic in the Conductor Keppetipola road (Hospital Road). Address – 16/ 59 This can be a disturbance to the kudugala Road ambulances and the emergency vehicles going to the hospital Wattagame 05 K.P.G. Karunaratne Bus terminal should be facilitated for Occupation – short distance buses, then the local Business Men people day to day coming to the town Address – No 82, for various purposes can easily get the Pattiyalallawatta buses as the location is situated in the Ampitya center of the city.

06 K. Mareeamma Sanitary facilities in the present bus Occupation – parking is very poor condition and Sanitary Cleaner there are only three toilets. Sometimes Address – Pattana water supply is not functioning well. Therefore most of the drivers and conductors facing difficulties and it is proposed to establish proper sanitary facilities in the site 07 M.M.Kulathunga Kulathunga is parking his three Occupation – Three- wheeler near the bus parking place at wheeler driver. Bogambara. He said after establishing Address – No 8, the temporary bus terminal income of Serimalwatta the three wheel drivers should be Gunapana increased. Therefore new traffic plan should be implemented to avoid traffic jams. 08 U.G. Premaratna During the peak hours heavy traffic Occupation – jam can be observed. According to Security Officer – this situation establishment of the bus Urban Development terminal will complicate the situation. Authority – Kandy His idea was the present bus parking Address – B 104 area is not enough to convert a bus Owatta stand because of limited space. Higula Therefore the planers and decision makers should think about the situation before planning the project. 09 Mrs. A.S.F. Ashana As the place has very limited land Occupation – area designing has to be done very Planning officer carefully. As the existing roads are Address – Urban very narrow, road widening should be Development planned with the bus terminal. Proper Authority traffic management and good

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 20 Kandy environment management system should be implemented.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 21 7. Environmental Effects and Mitigation Measures 7a. Screening for Potential Environmental Impacts

Screening question Yes No Significance of the effect Remarks (Low, moderate, high)

1 Will construction and operation of the Project  No much physical changes other than some structural NA involve actions which will cause physical changes changes due to construction of temporary steel structures in in the locality some areas for the bus terminals and vendors. Accordingly the storm water drains will be formalized.

2 Will the Project involve use, storage, transport,  Dust, noise and vibration issues, traffic congestion expected NA handling or production of substances or materials to be significantly moderate during the construction period. which could be harmful to human health or the There are no such hazardous substances to be involved with environment or raise concerns about actual or the proposed activities. However, the precautions must be perceived risks to human health? taken while using paints, spray guns during the construction.

3 Will the Project produce solid wastes during  High Mitigation construction or operation? required Significance of the effect is High during construction and operational phase. Construction waste, spoil and debris of demolished structures, waste from labors are expected during the construction phase while the considerable amount of solid waste and liquid waste will be produced during the operation stage.

4 Will the Project release pollutants or any  During construction, only possible pollutant is Dust NA hazardous, toxic or noxious substances to air? particles and other exhaust emissions from vehicles and

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 22 Screening question Yes No Significance of the effect Remarks (Low, moderate, high)

machineries used for construction activities. Other than that there will be no any pollutants or any hazardous toxic or noxious substance released to the air. Since the hazardous materials are not encouraged during construction

5 Will the Project cause noise and vibration or release  Moderate Mitigation of light, heat energy or electromagnetic radiation? required Removal of existing tar surface and activities such as excavation for leveling of the site will produce a significantly moderate noise and vibration. But it will be limited for a shorter time period. Release of light, heat energy and electromagnetic radiation will not be expected due to the proposed construction activities.

6 Will the Project lead to risks of contamination of  Mitigation During construction period, erosion and siltation is expected land or water from releases of pollutants onto the due to the higher level of elevation of the project area will required ground or into surface waters, groundwater or cause moderate impact coastal wasters?

7 Will the project cause localized flooding and poor  Project will not cause any localized flooding. Project area is NA drainage during construction not located in a flooding area. Is the project area located in a flooding location?

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 23 Screening question Yes No Significance of the effect Remarks (Low, moderate, high)

8 Will there be any risks and vulnerabilities to public  Moderate during construction phase and positive during Mitigation safety due to physical hazards during construction operation phase. Public access during the construction has to required or operation of the Project? be restricted.

9 Are there any transport routes on or around the  Moderate during construction phase due to transport of Mitigation location which are susceptible to congestion or material, loading and unloading and disposal material such required which cause environmental problems, which could as construction waste, debris etc. be affected by the project?

10 Are there any routes or facilities on or around the  At present Bogambara site is used mainly for bus parking. location which are used by the public for access to No considerable pedestrian movement is observed within recreation or other facilities, which could be the site. Pedestrian can use the existing Baladaksha mawatha affected by the project? and Keppetipola Road during construction phase as there is a significant movement of people in and around the area.

11 Are there any areas or features of high landscape or  At the proposed project area or close proximity to the scenic value on or around the location which could project area there are no high landscape or aesthetically be affected by the project? attractive places that exist as viewing areas and are of scenic value

12 Are there any other areas on or around the location  The Kandy lake and associated hydrological network which which are important or sensitive for reasons of their is considered as an environmentally sensitive area under the ecology e.g. wetlands, watercourses or other water CEA sensitive area classification and Dunumadalawa Forest reserve and Rosenith Lake is located within 1k m radius of the project area,. But there will be No any significant impact

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 24 Screening question Yes No Significance of the effect Remarks (Low, moderate, high)

bodies, the coastal zone, mountains, forests which from the proposed project activities as the project site is could be affected by the project? situated at lower elevation and far away from the above mentioned sensitive ecosystems.

13 Are there any areas on or around the location which  Most of the species of Fauna and Flora in and around the are used by protected, important or sensitive project site within 100 m distance are common and exist in species of fauna or flora e.g. for breeding, nesting, the disturbed habitats, and no any threatened or vulnerable foraging, resting, migration, which could be species or migratory birds recorded. Hence, there will be affected by the project? No such impact for breeding, nesting, and foraging, resting, migration activities.

14 Is the project located in a previously undeveloped  The project site is located in a developed area and there will area where there will be loss of green-field land be no loss of green field land

15 Will the project cause the removal of trees in the  There are 15 trees at the boundary of the site. According to locality? the design of the project no trees will have to be removed or damaged.

16 Are there any areas or features of historic or  The Kandy sacred area and its heritage need to be conserved Mitigation cultural importance on or around the location which and the designs must ensure to protect the historical, cultural required could be affected by the project? identity of the Kandy heritage.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 25 Screening question Yes No Significance of the effect Remarks (Low, moderate, high)

17 Are there existing land uses on or around the  Low location e.g. homes, gardens, other private The existing land use of the project area is a bus park and no property, industry, commerce, recreation, public any land use changes are proposed. Only the required open space, community facilities, agriculture, infrastructure will be developed and there will be no any forestry, tourism, mining or quarrying which could commercial or business activities will be affected by the be affected by the project? project activities. However Environmental Management Plan will guide the contractor in order to mitigate the impact.

18 Are there any areas on or around the location which  Low Mitigation are densely populated or built-up, which could be required The project area and the surrounding has a high frequency affected by the project? of human movements and the area is a built up, disturbed area. Only the human movement will be restricted or disturbed during the construction period, but will be improved during the operation period

19 Are there any areas on or around the location which  Moderate Mitigation are occupied by sensitive land uses e.g. hospitals, required The project area is located close to the Kandy General schools, places of worship, community facilities, Hospital. But no other sensitive places such as schools or which could be affected by the project places of worship and hence the impact would be moderate during construction phase

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 26 Screening question Yes No Significance of the effect Remarks (Low, moderate, high)

20 Are there any areas on or around the location which  There are no any ground water or surface water sources, contain important, high quality or scarce resources forestry, agriculture or other mentioned activities within the e.g. groundwater, surface waters, forestry, site or close proximity to the site agriculture, fisheries, tourism, minerals, which could be affected by the project?

21 Are there any areas on or around the location which  Air quality due to traffic congestion would be triggered. Mitigation are already subject to pollution or environmental moderate during construction phase required damage e.g. where existing legal environmental standards are exceeded, which could be affected by the project?

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 27 7b.Environment Management Plan (EMP) for implementation with constructions of Bogambara Bus terminal Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision 1.0 Preliminary Stage 1.1 Information Disclosure among Stakeholders (a) Carry out discussions with the communities and small, medium & Immediate Engineering Contractor SC, PMU, large scale business owners reside around the immediate vicinity vicinity of the Cost Police of the Bogambara Bus terminal, provide them with information on Bogambara Bus the project activities and implementation of EMP and GRM. terminal (b) Develop and establish contractor’s own procedure for receiving, During the Engineering Contractor SC, PMU documenting and addressing complaints from the affected public Construction Cost and nearby communities. Stage (C) Ensure to keep a copy of the EMP at all times at the project During all Contractor SC, PMU supervision office on site. Stages of the Project 1.2 Siting of Construction Camps and stock yards (a) Care will be taken not to disturb the sensitive areas when selecting All possible Engineering Contractor PMU, KMC, sites to locate construction camps, labour camps, stock yards, sites in/near the Cost CEA vehicle refueling areas etc. project sites In addition, strict labour supervision should be undertaken. There should be labour awareness programs to educate the labourers about their general behavior while at work as well as their own safety. Labour supervision, and labour welfare should be on site. (b) Submit the location, layout and basic facility provision of labor Prior to Engineering Contractor SC, PMU camps to Engineer prior to their construction and obtain the written commencement Cost approval of the Engineer before the commencements of the of the constructions Construction Activities

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 28 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision (c) The contractor shall provide necessary living accommodation and Labor Camps Engineering Contractor SC, PMU ancillary facilities in functional and hygienic manner and as Cost approved by the Engineer. (d) All temporary accommodation must be constructed and maintained Labor Camps Engineering Contractor SC, PMU in such a fashion that uncontaminated water is available for Cost drinking, cooking and washing. The sewage/solid waste disposal system for the camp must be planned and implemented with concurrence from the Local Public Health Inspector (PHI) (e) Provide adequate health care for the work force. The layout of the Design Stage Engineering Contractor SC, PMU construction camp and details of the facilities provided should be Cost prepared and shall be approved by the engineer. (f) Clear labor camp sites after use and the site should be reinstated to Labour Camps Engineering Contractor SC, PMU previous condition at the close of the construction work Cost 1.3 Management of utilities (a) Termination of Utilities Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor PMU, KMC, Prior to demolition of existing structures, the Authorized Person terminal Cost CEB, shall liaise with all available utility companies so as: (A) to keep Telecom, records of available utilities leading into the premises; and (B) to Water cause all utilities to be terminated (b) Effects of Demolition on Utilities Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC,PMU, The demolition plan shall ensure that during the course of terminal Cost KMC, CEB, demolition, no existing utilities in the vicinity of the demolition sites Telecom, are affected by the demolition operation. Water

(c) Common Utilities Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU, The common utilities encountered in building demolition generally terminal Cost KMC, CEB, include the following:(A) Electricity;(B) Water; (C) Telecom, Telecommunication; (D) Drainage; (E) Overhead and Underground Water

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 29 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision Cables; (F) Sewage Tunnel and its accessories; and (G) Disused Tunnel. All utility companies and relevant agencies should be consulted prior to demolition of the structure.

1.4 Material Sourcing Ensure that sand, aggregates and other quarry material is sourced Borrow Sites Engineering Contractor SC, PMU from licensed sources. Cost The contractor is required to obtain the necessary licenses and Borrow Sites Engineering Contractor SC, PMU environmental clearances for all burrow and quarry material they Cost are sourcing to obtain soil, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. Sourcing of any material from protected areas and/or designated Borrow Sites Contractor SC, PMU natural areas are strictly prohibited. If the contractor uses non-commercial burrow/quarry sites, the Non- Engineering Contractor SC, PMU sites should be remediated accordingly once material sourcing has commercial Cost been completed. The Project Supervision Engineer will require burrow maintaining the numbers and relevant details of all necessary sites/quarry sites licenses etc. and report of their status accordingly. 1.5 Asbestos Cement Based Roofing Management-Avoiding Exposure Risk

(a) An inspection of building materials for the presence of asbestos and Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU lead hazards must be conducted prior to initiating renovation and terminal Cost demolition projects. It was noted during project visits that the site has roofing that is made of Asbestos Cement Based Materials (ACM).

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 30 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision (b) Removal of ACM roof sheeting required trained and qualified Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU personnel as damage to/or broken ACM during removal will have terminal Cost an exposure risk to demolition workers. (c) Thus it is essential that workers have the necessary personal Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU protective equipment, most importantly masks, safety boots, full terminal Cost suiting to cover body and hard hats. It is also recommended that High efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters vacuum cleaners would be require to vacuum up any debris. These activities need to be properly costed for and supervised. (d) ACM Material should be removed prior to demolition of the Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU structure, and transported immediately in a contained manner to an terminal Cost approved disposal site by the engineer. As there are no sites to accept hazardous waste material this will pose a challenge, however it should be explored how best the material can be managed via CEA guidance on best practice.

(e) An inspection should be conducted as part of the EMP Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU implementation monitoring report and documented to ensure all terminal Cost ACM material has been safely removed from the site.

(f) ACM material CAN NOT be stockpiled on site. This should be fully SC, PMU prohibited.

1.6 Planning of Temporary Traffic Arrangements (a) Prior to Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU, Prepare a traffic management plan in consultation with the KMC Construction Cost Traffic and Traffic Police. Information boards on routing of traffic etc. Activities Police, should be pre-installed. Congestion will be an issue due to the high traffic movement of the Bakadaksha Mawatha during peak hours.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 31 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision so it is essential to have an approved traffic plan and ensure the SLTB, CP- contractor sticks to in-out times accordingly. PTSA

Proper traffic control devices as per the Manual on Traffic Control Devices published by RDA (August 2007) should be used together with traffic diversion and control in order to provide adequate safety measures to ensure the safety of road users and workmen.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 32

Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision

2.0 Construction Phase

2.1 Earthwork and Soil Conservation

2.1.1 Disposal of Sediments/debris

(a) All debris, waste generation from demolition of existing Disposal sites Engineering Contractor SC, PMU structures and residual spoil material shall be disposed only at identified by the Cost locations approved by the engineer for such purpose and contractor and subjected to the clauses 1.1.1.b and 1.1.1.c. approved by Engineer are subjected to approval of CEA,DS, LA & Engineer (b ) Contractor shall obtain the approval from the relevant Local Disposal sites Engineering contractor PMU, LA, SC, Authority (LA) such as Pradeshiya Sabha, Municipal Council and (including cost KMC, CEA other government agencies (as required) for disposal of spoil at temporary and the specified location. permanent) identified by the contractor and approved by Engineer are subjected to approval of DS, Engineer & KMC

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 33 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision (c) The debris and spoil shall be disposed in such a manner that; -do- -do- -do- -do- (i) waterways and drainage paths are not blocked (ii) the disposed material should not be washed away by runoff and (iii) should not be a nuisance to the public (d) If consented by the engineer, contractor can dispose construction In identified - -do- -do- debris as land filling material provided that the contractor can filling sites ensure that such material is used for legally acceptable purposes subjected to the and is disposed in a manner that will not be harmful to the approval of surrounding environment. engineer (e) The contractor shall maintain a waste register in the site office At the site office Contractor SC, PMU which will keep records of types and quantities of waste removed from the site and places of disposal. The waste registry will be monitored by the PMU staff during project implementation. (f) Waste material generated from diminishing and breaking of Bogambara Bus -do- Contractor SC, PMU existing structure and all debris materials shall be disposed on a terminal daily basis (or as necessary given the waste quantities generated and onsite stockpiling space) without allowing to stockpile onsite, at identified locations for debris disposal, recommended by the engineer. During transportation, dispose materials should be covered with tarpaulin.

2.1.2 Protection of Ground Cover and Vegetation

(a) Construction vehicle, machinery and equipment shall be used and Designated - Contractor SC, PMU stationed only in the areas of work and in any other area vehicle yards designated/ approved by the engineer.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 34 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision Ad-hoc and scattered parking and placement of machinery should be avoided to minimize harm to roadside ground cover. (b) Contractor should provide necessary instructions to drivers, -do- -do- -do- -do- operators and other construction workers not to destroy ground vegetation cover unnecessarily. Designated vehicle parks and maintenance yards must be informed to labour force. 2.1.3 Contamination of Soil by fuel & Lubrications

(a) Vehicle/machinery and equipment servicing and maintenance Servicing yards Engineering Contractor SC, PMU work shall be carried out only in designated locations/ service to be used for cost stations approved by the engineer vehicle servicing (b) Approval from CEA in the form of an Environmental Protection -do- - -do- SC, PMU Licenses (EPL) should be secured by the contractor if he intends to establish his own vehicle servicing yard (c) Waste oil, other petroleum products and untreated wastewater Servicing yards Engineering -do- SC, PMU shall not be discharged on ground so that to avoid soil pollution. to be used for cost Clean up measures shall be taken against pollution of soil by vehicle servicing spillage of petroleum/oil products from storage tanks and and locations containers. All waste petroleum products shall be disposed of in where vehicles accordance with the guidelines issued by the CEA or the engineer will be (See Annexure 2 & 3) temporarily stationed (d) Sites used for vehicle and plant service and maintenance shall be New servicing Engineering -do- -do- restored back to its initial status. Site restoration will be yards developed cost considered as incidental to work. by the contractor for the project

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 35 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision 2.1.4 Disposal of harmful construction wastes (a) Contractor prior to the commencement of work shall provide list Locations - Contractor SC, PMU of harmful, hazardous and risky chemicals/ material that will be identified to store used in the project work to the Engineer. Contractor shall also chemicals and provide the list of places where such chemicals/materials or their waste disposal containers or other harmful materials have been dumped as waste at the end of the project, via the waste register. (b) All disposal sites should be approved by the engineer and -Do- - -do- SC, PMU approved by CEA and relevant local authority. (c) The contractor shall clean up any area including water-bodies All affected Engineering -do- -do- affected/contaminated (if any) as directed by the engineer at his water bodies cost own cost. close to material storage and waste disposal sites 2.2 Storage, transport and handling of construction material

2.2.1 Emission of Dust (a) Dust emissions should be controlled by wet spraying of At all material Engineering contractor SC, PMU construction sites and roads which are used for transportation of storage locations cost Construction materials at regular intervals. Tarpaulin covering is mandatory on trucks /lorries which are used for transporting materials All stockpiles including temporary storage of debris and construction materials should be covered using tarpaulin covering. (b) Noise and Dust barriers with minimum height of 4m should be Bogambara Bus Engineering contractor SC, PMU erected around entire working sites to control dust emission to the terminal cost

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 36 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision ambient air. Selection of the suitable material for the barriers is subject to approval of the Engineer. (c) Vehicles should be maintained in good condition regularly so that -do- Engineering contractor SC, PMU noise generating from wear and tear will be minimal. cost (d) The construction materials intended for temporarily storage -do- Engineering contractor SC, PMU should be properly stockpiled in most appropriate areas in the cost site to avoid disturbance to site mobility, traffic and stored away from drainage paths and suitably covered (with artificial barriers or vegetation) to avoid washout. ( e) All vehicles delivering materials shall be covered to avoid -do- contractor SC, PMU spillage and dust emission. (f) The contractor should enforce vehicle speed limits to minimize -do- contractor SC, PMU dust generation. Please refer section 1.9.2 on traffic management for transport routes and times of the day that transport of construction material to the site is allowed. 2.2.2 Storage of fuel, oil and chemicals (avoid fumes and offensive odor) (a) All cement, bitumen (barrels), oil and other chemicals should be At all material Engineering -do- -do- stored and handled on an impervious surface (metal sheet, storage locations cost concrete slab) above ground level. (cement, bitumen, fuel, oil Storage facility of cement, bitumen (barrels), oil and other and other chemicals should be an enclosed structure ensuring that no storm chemicals used water flows in to the structure. for construction Alternatively, if the storage is not enclosed a ridge should be activities) placed around the storage facility to avoid runoff getting in to the structure.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 37 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision Adequate ventilation should be kept to avoid accumulation of fumes and offensive odour that could be harmful to material handlers.

2.3 Water – Protection of Water Sources & Quality, Dewatering and Temporary Water Diversion

2.3.1 Loss of minor water sources and disruption to water users (a) Arrange adequate supply of water for the project purpose Bogambara Bus Engineering -do- -do- throughout the construction period. Do not obtain water for terminal, labour cost project purposes, including for labour camps, from public or camps and community water supply schemes without a prior approval from vehicle servicing the relevant authority. yards.

(b) Do not extract water from surface water bodies or water sources Bogambara Bus -do- -do- -do- without the permission from Engineer & relevant authority. terminal. Obtain the permission for extracting water prior to the commencing of the project, from the relevant authority. (c) Green cutting water and water contaminated with engineering -do- -do- -do- -do- chemical should not be diverted to the common drains. Apply best management practices to control contamination of run-off water during maintenance & operation of equipment.

2.3.2 Locating, sanitation and waste disposal in construction camps (a) Locations selected for labour camps should be approved by Sensitive Engineering Contractor SC, PMU engineer and comply with guidelines/ recommendations issued by locations such as cost the CEA/Local Authority (LA). Construction of labour camps Temples, Kovils,

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 38 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision shall not be located within 200m from waterways (onsite or Churches, offsite) or near to a site or premises of religious, cultural or Schools, etc. archeological importance and school. (b) Labour camps shall be provided with adequate and appropriate At all labour Engineering -do- -do- facilities for disposal of sewerage and solid waste. The sewage camps cost systems shall be properly designed, built and operated so that no pollution to ground or adjacent water bodies/watercourses takes place. Garbage bins shall be provided the camps and regularly emptied. Garbage should be disposed in a hygienic manner, to the satisfaction of the relevant norms. Compliance with the relevant regulations and guidelines issued by the CEA/LA shall be strictly adhered to. (c) Contractor shall ensure that all camps are kept clean and hygienic. -Do- Engineering -do- -do- Necessary measures shall be taken to prevent breeding of vectors cost (d) Contractor shall report any outbreak of infectious disease of With special -do- -do- importance in a labour camp to the engineer and the Medical attention near to Officer of Health (MOH) or to the Public Health Inspector (PHI) labour camps of the area immediately. Contractor shall carry out all instructions issued by the authorities, if any. (e) Contractor shall adhere to the CEA recommendations on disposal At all labour -do- -do- of wastewater. Wastewater shall not be discharged to ground or camps waterways in a manner that will cause unacceptable surface or ground water pollution. (f) All relevant provisions of the Factories Act and any other relevant -Do- -do- -do- regulations aimed at safety and health of workers shall be adhered to.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 39 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision (g) Contractor shall remove all labour camps fully after its need is -Do- Engineering -do- -do- over, empty septic tanks, remove all garbage, debris and clean cost and restore the area back to its former condition. 2.3.3 Wastage of water and waste minimization (a) The contractor will minimize wastage of water in the construction Bogambara Bus Contractor PMU, KMC, process/operations by reusing water as much as possible, utilizing terminal, labour CEA,SC only the required amount of water for the construction works etc. camps and The contractor shall maintain a record of usage of water for vehicle servicing various purposes and sources tapped. yards. 2.4 Flood Prevention due to Underground Drainage Rehabilitation

2.4.1 Blockage of drainage paths and drains (a) If the contractor requires temporary water diversion which might Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor PMU, SC, cause the closure or blocking of canals and streams leading to terminal cost KMC,RDA floods, the contractor shall first obtain the Engineer’s approval in writing. Contractor shall carry out a prior investigation on potential flood situations and report to the Project Management Unit. If the flood prevention measures are required, the Contractor shall also obtain the approval from the relevant agencies such as Irrigation Department (ID) /Divisional Secretary (DS) prior to such action is taken. Contractor shall restore the drainage path back to its original status once the need for such diversion or closure or blockage is no longer required. (b) Silt traps, catch pits and stabilization ponds should be used during Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor PMU, SC, the construction period where necessary to avoid excessive terminal, Kandy cost mixing of fines and potentially contaminated material back into lake, labour storm water drains and downstream water bodies. camps and

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 40 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision vehicle servicing yards. (c) If flooding or stagnation of water is caused by contractor’s Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor PMU,SC, activities, contractors shall provide suitable means to (a) prevent terminal. cost KMC loss of access to any land or property and (b) prevent damage to land and property. Contractor shall compensate for any loss of income or damage as a result. 2.5 Air Pollution 2.5.1 Generation of Dust (a) The contractor shall effectively manage the dust generating Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU activities such as diminishing and breaking of existing structure, terminal, labour cost handling and transporting sand, rubble, bitumen, and cement camps and during periods of high winds or during more stable conditions vehicle servicing with winds directed towards adjacent residences and other yards., storage facilities. A dust barrier has to be fixed to cover the entire locations of sand, building. rubble, bitumen, (b) All vehicles delivering materials shall be covered to avoid cement and all -do- -do- -do- spillage and dust emission. roads used for (c) The Contractor should avoid, where possible and take suitable material -do- -do- -do- action to prevent dirt and mud being carried to the roadway transportation, (particularly following wet weather). (d) The contractor should enforce vehicle speed limits to minimize -do- -do- -do- dust generation. (e) The Contractor shall employ a water truck to sprinkle water for -do- -do- -do- dust suppression on all exposed areas as required (note: the use of waste water / waste oil for dust suppression is prohibited) (f) All existing roads used by vehicles of the contractor, or any of his -do- -do- -do- sub-contractor or supplies of materials or plant and similar roads

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 41 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision which are part of the works shall be kept clean and clear of all dust/mud or other extraneous materials dropped by such vehicles or their tyres. (g) Clearance shall be affected immediately by manual sweeping and -do- -do- -do- removal of debris, or, if so directed by the Engineer, by mechanical sweeping and clearing equipment. Additionally, if so directed by the Engineer, the road surface will be hosed or sprinkled water using appropriate equipment’s. (h) Plants, machinery and equipment shall be handled (including -do- -do- -do- dismantling) so as to minimize generation of dust. 2.5.2 Odour and offensive smells (a) Contractor shall take all precautions such as storing all chemicals Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU used for construction works in properly closed containers with terminal, labor cost good ventilations to prevent odour and offensive smell emanating camps and from chemicals and processes applied in construction works or vehicle servicing from labour camps. In a situation when/where odour or offensive yards. Storage smell does occur contractor shall take immediate action to rectify locations of the situation. Contractor is responsible for any compensation bitumen and involved with any health issue arisen out of bad odour and chemicals. offensive smells. 2.5.3. Emission from construction Vehicles, Equipment and Machinery (a) The emission standards promulgated under the National All plants, - Contractor SC, PMU Environment Act shall be strictly adhered to. machinery and vehicles used for construction (b) All vehicles, equipment and machinery used for construction shall -Do- Engineering -do- -do- be regularly serviced and well maintained to ensure that emission cost levels comply with the relevant standards.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 42 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision (c) Contractor should obtain the certificate issued by the Vehicular -Do- -Do- -do- -do- Emission Test (VET) for all construction vehicles, plants and other machineries and it should be renewed annually. Submit all the details to the engineer. 2.6. Noise Pollution and Vibration 2.6.1 Noise from Vehicles, Plants and Equipment. (a) Noise barriers with minimum height of 4m should be installed All working area Engineering Contractor SC, PMU around the working area as shown in the following figures and the including Tomlin Cost construction noise levels should be maintained outside the noise park, batching barriers below 75dB during day time. plants and vehicle servicing areas.

All machinery and equipment should be well maintained and fitted with noise reduction devices in accordance with All machinery manufacturer’s instructions. and vehicles used Generally – noise can’t exceed 75 dB during day time for construction works (b) All vehicles and equipment used in construction shall be fitted All equipment, Engineering -do- -do- with exhaust silences. During routine servicing operations, the machinery and cost effectiveness of exhaust silencers shall be checked and if found to vehicles used for be defective shall be replaced. Notwithstanding any other underground conditions of contract, noise level from any item of plant(s) must drainage

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 43 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision comply with the relevant legislation for levels of sound emission. improvement Non-compliant plant shall be removed from site. works (c) Noise limits for construction equipment used in this project -do- - -do- -do- (measured at one meter from the edge of the equipment in free field) such as compactors, rollers, front loaders, concrete mixers, cranes (moveable), vibrators and saws shall not exceed 75 dB(A ). (d) Maintenance of vehicles, equipment and machinery shall be -do- Engineering -do- -do- regular and proper, to the satisfaction of the Engineer, to keep cost noise from these at a minimum. (e) Workers in vicinity of strong noise, and workers working with or -do- Engineering -do- -do- in crushing, compaction, batching or concrete mixing operations cost shall be provided with protective gear. 2.6.2 Vibration (a) Contractor shall take appropriate action to ensure that Bogambara Bus - Contractor PMU,SC construction works do not result in damage to the adjacent terminal properties due to vibration. (b) Prior to commencement of the construction activities of the Bogambara Bus - -do- -do- Bogambara Bus terminal, a pre- construction crack survey of terminal permanent structures shall be carried out 15 m distance from the outer boundary of the existing structure. This pre-condition crack survey should be a well-documented detailed survey including all existing cracks of the structures with sketch of the building including photographic evidences, marked in position to indicate the present condition with the date on which it was checked, if necessary to paste a microscopic glass slide across the crack to monitor the propagation of cracks and should be approved by the Engineer prior to work commencing on sites. .

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 44 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision (c) The contractor shall modify the method of construction until -do- - -do- -do- compliance with the criteria, if vibration levels exceed the relevant vibration criteria. (d) Contractor shall pay due consideration on vibration impacts of -do- - -do- -do- construction on adjoining structures. 2.7 Impacts to Flora 2.7.1 Loss or Damage to Trees and Vegetation (a) All works shall be carried out in a manner that the destruction to Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor PMU, DS, the flora and their habitats is minimized. Trees and vegetation terminal, Cost DoF, CEA,SC shall be felled / removed only if that impinges directly on the disposal sites, permanent works or necessary temporary works. In all such cases labour camps, contractor shall take prior approval from the Engineer. vehicle servicing yards. 2.7.2 Chance found important Flora (a) During construction, if a rare/threatened/endangered flora species Bogambara Bus - Contractor PMU, DoF, is found, it shall be immediately informed to the PMU by the terminal, DWLC,SC contractor. All activities that could destroy such flora and/or its disposal sites, habitat shall be stopped with immediate effect. Such activities labour camps, shall be started only after obtaining the Engineer’s approval. vehicle servicing Contractor shall carry out all activities and plans that the Engineer yards. instructed him to undertake to conserve such flora and/or its habitat.

2.7.3 Chance found important Flora (a) During construction, if a rare/threatened/endangered flora species Bogambara Bus - Contractor PMU, DoF, is found, it shall be immediately informed to the PMU by the terminal, DWLC,SC contractor. All activities that could destroy such flora and/or its disposal sites,

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 45 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision habitat shall be stopped with immediate effect. Such activities labour camps, shall be started only after obtaining the Engineer’s approval. vehicle servicing Contractor shall carry out all activities and plans that the Engineer yards. instructed him to undertake to conserve such flora and/or its habitat.

2.8. Impact on Fauna 2.8.1 Loss, Damage or Disruption to Fauna (a) All works shall be carried out in such a manner that the Bogambara Bus destruction or disruption to the fauna and their habitats is terminal. minimum.

(b) Construction workers shall be instructed to protect fauna -do- including birds and animals as well as their habitats. 2.8.2 Chance found important Fauna

(a) During construction, if a rare/threatened/endangered fauna -do- - Contractor PMU, species is found, it shall be immediately informed to the PMU by DWLC/DoF, the contractor. All activities that could destroy such fauna and/or SC its habitat shall be stopped with immediate effect. Such activities shall be started only after obtaining the Engineer’s approval. Contractor shall carry out all activities and plans that the Engineer instructed him to undertake to conserve such fauna and/or its habitat. 2.9 Disruption to Users 2.9.1 Traffic Jams & Congestion

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 46 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision (a) In order to ease traffic within the city, transport of construction Bogambara Bus - Contractor PMU,RDA material and machinery will be done prior to 6.00 am and after terminal, LA,Police, 6.00 pm. During school traffic hour’s transportation of disposal sites, SLTB, CP- construction materials and heavy machinery should not be done. labour camps, PTSA If directed by the Engineer the contractor shall obtain the consent vehicle servicing for the traffic arrangement from the Police Traffic Division, yards Kandy.

(b) Special consideration shall be given in the preparation of the -do- - -do- -do- traffic control plan to the safety of pedestrians and workers at night. (c) Personnel used for traffic control by the contractor shall be -do- -do- -do- -do- properly trained, provided with proper gear including communication equipment, luminous jackets for night use. All signs, barricades, pavement markings used for traffic management should be to the standards and approved by the Engineer/ Police. (d) The manual of traffic control devices of RDA Should be followed -do- - -do- -do- during construction period in order to ensure the safety and traffic control.

2.9.2 Traffic Control and Safety (a) The Contractor shall take all necessary measures for the safety of Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU, traffic during construction and provide, erect and maintain such terminal, cost barricades, including signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen as disposal sites, may be required by the Engineer for the information and protection of traffic. The provision of traffic safety measures shall be considered incidental to work and follow The Institute for

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 47 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision Construction Training and Development (ICTAD) guidelines and instructions given by the Police, if any. (b) Informing the public through newspapers/ announcements/ radio/ Project influence Engineering -do- -do- TV etc. about the construction activities in order to avoid any area cost inconveniences due to the construction activities. (c) Provide information and boards at each entry and exit points of -do- Engineering Contractor SC, PMU the manhole locations as specified in the social document. cost Basic info – times of closure, diversion routes etc. 2.10 Accidents and Risks 2.10.1 Public and Worker Safety (a) Entrance to the construction sites for general public should be Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU strictly restricted during the construction period. terminal, Labour cost All reasonable precautions will be taken to prevent danger of the camps, vehicle workers and the public from accidents such as fire, explosions, servicing yards, blasts, falling rocks, falling to excavated pits, chemical sprays, temporary unsafe power supply lines etc. storage site and all disposal sites (b) The Contractor shall comply with requirements for the safety of Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU the workmen as per the international labor organization (ILO) terminal, Labour Cost convention No. 62 and Safety and Health regulations of the camps, vehicle Factory Ordinance of Sri Lanka to the extent that those are servicing yards, applicable to this contract. The contractor shall supply all temporary necessary safety appliances such as safety goggles, helmets, storage site and masks, boots, etc., to the workers and staff. The contractor has to all disposal sites comply with all regulations regarding safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, excavations, trenches and safe means of entry.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 48 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision (c) Safety measures should be applied to prevent from falling of Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU workers, equipment and materials from the higher elevation to the terminal Cost ground for the safety of general public and workers.

2.10.2 Prevention of Risks due to Electrocution All electrical wiring and supply related work should confirm to Construction Engineering Contractor SC, PMU British Standards (BS) or relevant Sri Lankan Standards. areas, material cost Adequate precautions will be taken to prevent danger of storage and electrocuting from electrical equipment and power supply lines worker camps including distribution boards, transformers, etc. Measures such as and vehicle danger signboards, danger/red lights, fencing and lights will be servicing yards. provided to protect the public and workers. All electric power driven machines to be used in the construction shall be free from defect, be properly maintained and kept in good working order, be regularly inspected and as per BS provisions and to the satisfaction of the Engineer. 2.10.3 Prevention of Risks at Hazardous Activities associated with construction activities. (a) All workers employed in hazardous activities shall be provided Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU with necessary protective gear. These activities include mixing terminal, Labour cost asphalt material, cement, lime mortars, concrete etc., welding camps, vehicle work, work at crushing plants, operators of machinery and servicing yards, equipment such as power saws, etc. temporary storage site and all disposal sites (b) The use of any toxic chemicals shall be done strictly in Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. The Engineer terminal, Labour cost shall be notified of toxic chemicals that are planned to be used in camps, vehicle

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 49 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision all contract related activities. A register of all toxic chemicals servicing yards, delivered to the site shall be kept and maintained up to date by the temporary Contractor. The register shall include the trade name, physical storage site and properties and characteristics, chemical ingredients, health and all disposal sites safety hazard information, safe handling and storage procedures, and emergency and first aid procedures for the product. 2.10.4 Lead Pollution (a) No paint containing lead or lead products will be used except in Workshops, - Contractor SC/PMU the form of paste or readymade paint. Facemasks shall be yards where supplied to workers who are working in spray painting or spray painting is scraping lead paints. done 2.11 Health and Safety 2.11.1 Prevention of Vector based Diseases (a) Contractor shall take necessary actions to prevent breeding of Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC/PMU, LA mosquitoes at places of work, labour camps, plus office and store terminal, Labour cost buildings. Stagnation of water in all areas including gutters, used camps, vehicle and empty cans, containers, tyres, etc shall be prevented. servicing yards, Approved chemicals to destroy mosquitoes and larvae should be temporary regularly applied. storage site and All burrow sites should be rehabilitated at the end of their use by all disposal sites the contractor in accordance with the requirements/guidelines issued by the Central Environmental authority and relevant local authorities (b) Contractor shall keep all places of work, labour camps, plus office -do- -do- -do- -do- and store buildings clean devoid of garbage to prevent breeding of rats and other vectors such as flies. 2.11.2 Workers Health and Safety

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 50 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision (a) Contractor shall comply with the provisions in Health and Safety Bogambara Bus - Contractor SC/PMU regulations under the Factory Ordinance with regard to provision terminal, Labour of health and safety measures and amenities at work place(s). camps, vehicle servicing yards, (b) Safety measures should be applied and safety equipment temporary including safety belts should be provided for the workers who are storage site and working in higher elevations to prevent from falling of workers. all disposal sites

2.11.3 First Aid (a) At every workplace, first aid kit shall be provided as per the Bogambara Bus Engineering Contractor SC, PMU regulations. At every workplace an ambulance room containing terminal, Labour cost the prescribed equipment and nursing staff shall be provided. camps, vehicle servicing yards, temporary storage site and all disposal sites 2.11.4 Potable Water (a) In every workplace and labour camps portable water shall be -do- -do- -do- -do- available throughout the day in sufficient quantities. 1.12 Protection of Archeological Properties 2.12.1 Prevention of damage to Cultural and Religious Places and Properties (a) During construction activities the contractor should take all Near physical - Contractor PMU, SC, & necessary and adequate care to minimize impacts on cultural cultural resources Department of properties which includes cultural sites and remains, places of Archeology, worship. religious Workers should not be allowed to trespass in to such areas. leaders 2.12.2 Chance found Archaeological property

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 51 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision (a) All fossils, coins, articles of value of antiquity and structures and Bogambara Bus - Contractor PMU, SC, & other remains or things of geological or archaeological interest terminal, Labour Department of etc. discovered on the site and/or during construction work shall camps, vehicle Archeology, be the property of the Government of Sri Lanka, and shall be servicing yards, religious dealt with as per provisions of Antiquities Ordinance of 1940 temporary leaders (Revised in 1956 & 1998) storage site and all disposal sites (b) The contractor shall take reasonable precaution to prevent his -Do- Engineering -do- -do- workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any cost such article or thing and shall, immediately upon discovery thereof and before removal acquaint the Engineer of such discovery and carry out the Engineer’s instructions for dealing with the same, awaiting which all work shall be stopped within 100m in all directions from the site of discovery. (c) If directed by the Engineers the Contractor shall obtain advice and -do- Engineering -do- -do- assistance from the Department of Archaeological of Sri Lanka cost on conservation measures to be taken with regard to the artifacts prior to recommencement of work in the area.

2.13 Environmental Enhancement (a) On completion of the works, the temporary structures shall be -do- -do- -do- -do- cleared away in full, all rubbish burnt, waste dumps and septic tank shall be filled and closed and roadsides, workplaces and labour camps, cleared and cleaned. 2.14 Handling Environmental Issues during Construction (a) The Contractor will appoint a suitably qualified Environmental Entire Project -do- -do- -do- Safeguard Officer following the award of the contract. The Environmental Safeguard Officer will be the primary point of

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 52 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision contact for assistance with all environmental issues during the pre-construction and construction phases. He/ She shall be responsible for ensuring the implementation of EMP. (b) The Contractor shall direct the Environmental Safeguard Officer -do- responsible for community liaison and to handle public complaints regarding environmental/ social related matters. All public complaints will be entered into the Complaints Register. The Environmental safeguard Officer will promptly investigate and review environmental complaints and implement the appropriate corrective actions to arrest or mitigate the cause of the complaints. A register of all complaints is to be passed to the Engineer within 24 hrs they are received, with the action taken by the Environmental safeguard Officer on complains thereof. (c) Contractor shall develop suitable method to receive complaints. Bogambara Bus - -do- -do- The complaint register shall be placed at a convenient place, terminal easily accessible by the public. (d) Contractor shall prepare detailed Environmental Method Throughout the - -do- -do- Statement (EMS) clearly stating the approach, actions and manner project in which the EMP is implemented within a month of construction mobilization. It is required from the contractor to prepare the period EMS for each work site, if work will be carried out at more than one site at once and time plan for implementation. The EMS shall be updated regularly and submit for Engineers review. 2.19 Grievance Redress Mechanism Grievances are inevitable during the entire construction period. Throughout the SC, PMU Grievances submitted in writing shall be referred to the PMU by project the safeguard officer of the Contractor through the Engineer. construction Verbal communications shall be directed to PMU through period

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 53 Environmental Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Issues Project phase cost Responsibility Implement Supervision Engineer. Contact information of Engineer/PMU/KMC in print form shall be available at the site. The grievances shall be submitted to the Engineer on the same day of receiving. It has to be recorded and the safeguard officer of the Engineer shall ensure the timely redress through the PMU

8. Cost of Mitigation Cost Item Unit Quantity Rate Estimated Amount (LKR) 1 Provision of drains required to divert water flows, Item storm water and wastewater mgt, etc 2 Obtaining Approvals such as night-time works, CEA PS 50,000.00 clearances, etc (if required) 3 Arrange proper dust and noise barriers around the Item construction site. 4 Preparation of disposal yards, operation & Item maintenance and landscaping after construction 5 Use of thick polythene sheets to cover temporary Item soil piles (if available) left at the site for a long time and use of tarpaulin sheets to cover materials when transporting the materials 6 Information disclosure among the residents, Item commercial establishments and small, medium & large industries residing around the immediate

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 54 vicinity of Meda Ela; provide them with information on the project activities 7 Safeguard Monitoring PS 12 Months 600,000.00 - Recruitment of Dedicated Environmental Safeguard Officer Total

Other than above mentioned line items of cost of mitigation related to environment safeguards, all the other line items are included in the Engineering Bill of Quantities.

9. Conclusion and Screening Decision Summary of environmental effects: The following section summarizes the most important potential environmental and social impacts related to the proposed Transitional Bus Terminal at Bogambara, as per the key project components defined in the project brief document and the list of works identified during the detail design carried out by the design consultants. The details of the mitigation and monitoring requirements are described in the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) given in the Section B of this document. Significance of environmental effect with mitigation in place N/S - Effect not significant, or can be rendered insignificant Key project activities Potential Environmental Effects with mitigation SP - Significant positive effect SN - Significant negative effect U - Outcome unknown or cannot be predicted, even with mitigation

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 55 Siting of If construction camps, labor camps, stock yards, vehicle refueling areas etc. are N/S Construction Camps located near sensitive areas such as wetlands, conservation zones and places of scenic beauty or recreational value, or any waterbody, those areas may be adversely affected. Social problems owing to alien labour gangs. E.g. communal diseases. Removal of public If any relocation of utility services (temporary or permanently) be required such N/S utilities as electricity, water supply, telecom, etc., and therefore, there may be fugitive dust and high noise levels will be emanated from machinery and equipment being used. Localized ponding/inundation due to disruption to existing drainage paths and erosion risk inconvenience to public due to temporary interruption of services. This is potential undertake as there are large number houses, industries, public places, etc for which utility services must have been provided. Demolition of Removal or demolition of structures and rebuilding of structures particularly in N/S structures the Bogambara Transitional Bus Terminal construction site and objectionable or obstructions materials along the construction boundary and rebuilding of boundary of such structures may create air pollution in terms of suspended particulate matters. Erosion risk due to exposed slopes, disruption to existing drainage paths, washout of fines and silting of waterways, local earth slips due to soil over saturation. Planning of Excavations and constructions at the Bogambara Transitional Bus Terminal, SN temporary traffic construction material and excavated soil and debris transport may cause arrangements temporary disruption to road traffic. Full closure of surrounding roads is not anticipated but, temporary traffic congestion on the road may affect the roads.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 56 Cut & Fill Activities High noise and vibration levels are likely from equipment and machinery. SN Impacts are temporary in nature. Stockpiling of excavated material may block surface drainage paths causing N/S localized flooding during construction period. Solid and Hazardous Waste Management If not properly stored and adequately covered washout of fine material may contribute to further deterioration of surface water quality in the downstream canal as well as other water bodies such as Kandy Lake and Meda Ela and may increase risk of siltation and blockage of structures. If not properly disposed the excavated material will pollute water sources at location where it is disposed Transportation and Transportation of material and equipment will cause dust, noise and vehicle N/S storage of emissions along the canal. Storage of construction material will lead to access construction issues materials Movement of Vehicles, Machineries and equipment’s cause air and noise pollution which could N/S vehicles, equipment be a nuisance in populated areas. and machineries

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 57 10. EMP Implementation responsibilities and Costs The overall responsibility of ensuring compliance with safeguard requirements lie with the SCDP/PMU supported by the Supervision Consultant while the contractor will be responsible for implementing the provisions of the EMP. In addition, the PMU will be directly responsible for reviewing the proposed design to ensure that all design related mitigation measures mentioned herein are implemented. The overall supervision will be carried out by the Design & Supervision Consultant already hired by the SCDP and the Environmental safeguard team of SCDP is available for facilitation on monitoring of the safeguard compliances. Any consequent design modification will be reflected in the project cost.

Environmental monitoring will be carried out largely through visual observations and compliance monitoring using the Environmental Monitoring Data Sheet provided by the PMU. The Environmental Officer of the contractor is expected to carry out field visits daily basis and shall report the issues and performance on EMP implementation to the Consultant

11. Screening decision recommendation

Potential environmental impacts can be classified as general construction related impacts and can be mitigated on site with known technology. Since the proposed development is subject to ground preparation, extra care is required in order to minimize the impacts due to earth work. Since the site is in the core area of Kandy city the entire site will have to be covered properly and the proper signage is required to be established ensuring public safety. Public access to the site during construction will have to be restricted.

Assessing the environmental impacts due to the proposed temporary facility, a standalone environmental assessment is not required and the environmental management plan provided with this report would be sufficient to mitigate the identified impacts. The project will not influence significantly on the natural surroundings of the locality.

Considering the physical characteristics of the area and the proposed interventions, most of the environmental impacts described in the EMP caused by project activities are not expected to have any significant or irreversible impact and are related to dust/noise generation, siltation, safety hazards, traffic congestion and other general impacts which can be mitigated with good

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 58 construction, site management and public safety practices. The areas affected during rehabilitation work are mainly confined to the main Tomlin park construction site.

Instruction boards has to be placed for public awareness and the directions has to be displayed facilitating the visitors. Dust barriers covering the entire building is necessary to fixed starting from the ground preparation to the completion of the project. Drainage paths should be placed ensuring no connectivity to the main drains connected to Kandy Lake without passing through silt traps.

Given the above, it is considered that a standalone EIA is not needed for the proposed project and that the EMP prepared is suffice to manage the potentially adverse impacts.

12. Details of Persons Responsible for Environmental Screening

Screening report completed by Date 11.12.2017

Deepthi Bandara Assistant Project Director (Envt) [email protected]

Name/Designation/Contact information Signature

Screening report reviewed by Date 11.12.2016

Gangadari Ranawaka Deputy Project Director (Envt) [email protected]

Name/Designation/Contact information Signature

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 59

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 60

Annex 01: Google image of the proposed project area

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 61 Annex 02: Floor Plan of the Transitional Bus Terminal

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 62 Annex 03. Front and side elevation of the proposed Terminal

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 63 Annex 04: Landslide hazard Zones in the project area (NBRO, 2000)

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 64

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 65 Annex – 5: Summary of Procedure to Obtain Mining License for Borrow Pit Operation

1. Identify the site and verify ownership (land clearing) 2. Obtain letters of consent from the owners (Private / Government) 3. Contractor applies for site clearance from CEA 4. CEA may request an lEE or EIA to be carried out by the contractor 5. CEA gives clearance. 6. Contractor applies for Mining License (IML/A, IML/B or IML/C) from GSMB. 7. GMSB conducts joint inspection with a committee comprising with CEA, DS, and PS. 8. Contractor has to make bank guarantee specified by the GSMB based on the situation of the land, prior to issuing Mining License. 9. Contractor applies for Trade License from PS.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 66 Annex –06: Summary of Procedure to Obtain Mining License for Quarry Operation

1. Identify the site and verify ownership (land clearing) 2. Obtain letters of consent from the owners (Private/ Government) 3. Contractor applies for site clearance from CEA 4. CEA may request an lEE or EIA to be carried out by the contractor 5. CEA gives clearance 6. Contractor applies for Mining License (IML/A, IML/B or IML/C) from GSMB. 7. GMSB conducts joint inspection with a committee comprising with CEA, DS, and PS who would decide whether the test blast is needed for IML-A and IML-B which depends on the sensitivity of the site. Test blast will be carried out prior to issuing Mining License 8. Contractor applies for EPL from CEA 9. EPL is issued by CEA 10. GSMB monitors noise and vibrations annually and renews license 11. Contractor applies for explosive license from the Ministry of Defense 12. Contractor applies for Trade license/ Approval from PS

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 67

Annex07: Waste Management Best Practices

Wast WasteMater TradeContra e ials ctor BEST PRACTICE type Packa Waste OnSit OffSit Disposal ge Minimisati e e on Reuse/Recycli Reuse/Recycli Opportuniti ng/Recovery ng/Recovery Construction Retentionof Useassecondary Segregatefor Landfillandcover concreteonsites aggregateonsite reprocessingan e . d Concrete wherepossibl reuseasrecycled

e. secondary

rt

Ine Construction Onlyorderwhrderw Opportunities Segregateaggregate.f or Landfillandcover athat isrequired. to reprocessing Rubble isrequired. reuse‘cut’mat and (hardcore) erial reuseasrecyc

as‘fill’inprop led Construction Opposedo rtunities secondary Landfillandcover Soils/ tonoisebund. aggregate. Greenwaste/ reuse‘cut’mat vegetation erial Construction Useofstandar N/Aas‘fill’inprop Segregatemater Landfill/incinerat d osed ials ion sizes.Arrang noisebund. tomaximisepote Mixedwaste e takebackof ntial unused forrecycling. materialswit Construction hMadeto Segregatewa Landfill thesupplier.measure, ste Correct andsendtome ordering,just tal recycler. in Metal timedelivery, storecorrectl y. Arrangetake Construction Avoidover- Re-use/ Landfill/incinerat ordering.backofunuse Recycleif ion

d N n - h a z a r d o u s Provisionof feasible. suitablestoramaterialswit geh toavoid Timber damage.thesupplier. Arrangetake backofunuse Construction dAvoidover - Cannotreuse. Recycleiffeasibl Landfill materialsordering. wit e. hProvisionof thesupplier.suitablestora ge toavoid Plasterboard damage. Procureto design specification s. Construction ArrangeAsksupplierstake N/A Segregatemater Landfill/incinerat backofunuseto ials ion dsendproduct tomaximisepot materialswithminimalwit ential hpackaging/ forrecycling. Packaging thesupplier.reusable containers,b uy bulknot individually wrapped products.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 68 Returnpallet to supplierorus e Construction plasticpalleAvoidover-t Reuseonsit Segregateand Landfill sordering.. eif recycletoreclai Arrangetake appropriate m Cable&wirin backofunus . plasticsandmet g ed als. Sitemanagem Printdoublematerialswit Reusepaper, Segregateand Landfill ent. sided,sendh cartridges,plasti recyclewhitepa documentsthesuppliers c cups,tinsand per. GeneralOf electronicall. cardboard. Sendforcompos y, reusable ting fice waste crockeryand (foodwasteonly Construction Avoidovercutlery. - N/A Segregate). ands Landfillandcov ordering, end er appropriate forrecycling. storagetoav oid Glass accidents. Arrangetake backofunus Construction N/Aed Re- Sendtodedicate Landfill materialswit useelsewhereon d WEEE h site. recyclingfacilit thesupplier. yfor Asbestos Construction N/A N/A recoveryandN/A Landfill HConstruction Avoid Consideron-site Treatmrecycling.entat Landfill Contamin a excavation treatmentmetho contaminatedla z whereun- ds. nd hubs. ated land Construction Usesolventnecessary. Usealockable N/A Landfill a freepaintsth COSHHcontain r at arenot erfor storage. disposedoff d as o hazardous Painttins,li waste, ne u maximiseus markers,m s e astic ofmechanic al fittingrather than Construction adhesives.N/A Re- Sendtodedicat Landfill Arrangetake useelsewhereon ed WEEE backofunus site. recyclingfacil ed ityfor materialswit recoveryand h recycling. thesupplier.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 69 Annex 8: Environmental Pollution Control Standard

Emission Standards

Regulations The National Environmental (Ambient Air Quality) Regulations, 1994, published in Gazette Extraordinary, No. 850/4 of December, 1994 are hereby amended by the substitution for the Schedule to that regulation of the following :-

Emission Emission Pollutant Time Average Standards (µg/ m3) Standards (ppm) 1 hr 200 0.08 SO2 8 hrs 120 0.05 24 hrs 80 0.03 1 hr 250 0.13 NO2 8 hrs 150 0.08 24 hrs 100 0.05 1 hr 30000 26.00 CO 8 hrs 10000 9.00 anytime 58000 50.0 O3 1 hr 200 0.10 24 hrs 100 - PM 10 Annual 50 - 24 hrs 50 - PM 2.5 Annual 25 -

* Minimum number of observations required to determine the average over the specified period — 03 hour average - 03 consecutive hourly average 08 hour average - 08 hourly average 24 hour average - 18 hourly average Yearly average - 09 monthly average with at least 02 monthly average each quarter.

+ By using Chemicals or Automatic Analyzers.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 70

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 71 Noise Level Regulations

Area LAeq' T - Day Time LAeq' T- Night Time Schedule I Low Noise 55 45 Medium Noise 63 50 High Noise 70 60 Silent Zone 50 45 Schedule III For Construction Activities 75 50 Schedule IV Rural Residential 55 45 Urban Residential 60 50 Noise Sensitive 50 45 Mix residential 63 55 Commercial 65 55 Industrial 70 60

ILO Standards of Noise Levels Noise level Maximum exposure (times (dB(A)) per day) 80 16 hours 85 8 hours 90 4 hours 95 2 hours 100 1 hour 105 1/2 hours 110 1/4 hours 115 1/8 hours

“day time” from 06.00 hours to 18.00 hrs,:

“night time” means from 18.00 to 06.00 hours

“Noise sensitive area” includes any area in which a courthouse, hospital, public library, school, zoo sacred area and areas set a part for recreation or environmental purposes are depicted in a noise zone map;

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 72 Interim Vibration Standards

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 73

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 74 Wastewater Discharge Standards

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 75

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 76 Annex 9: Factory Ordinance and ILO Guidelines

Factory ordinance can be downloaded from this link: http://www.employers.lk/factories-ordinance-i

SCDP - Environmental Management and Assessment Framework Guidelines

Health and Safety Guidelines Health and safety of workers and the public should be designed into constructions, before and during and after the building phase. It is cheaper and easier to control risks in construction to workers as well as the public before work starts on site by proper planning, training, site induction, worker consultation and incorporating strict safety procedures in construction plans. The proposed project interventions will mostly involve small to medium scale construction sites. As such, extreme dangers posed by working in environments such as great heights, deep water and involving dangerous chemicals and radioactive material will not be present. Potential dangers associated with SCDP sites will include falling from moderate heights, vehicle/pedestrian accidents, falling into trenches, being buried in underground drains/excavations, breathing dust and other air pollutants, back aches caused by handling heavy material, suffering hearing loss from noise etc and can be mitigated with following safety guidelines.

EA for each site should mandatorily include a risk assessment as to what are the hazards involved in the work site, who might be harmed and how seriously, how likely this harm might happen and what actions are required to eliminate or reduce the risk and incorporate such measures in the EMP and clearly set out in the tender documents. All sub-projects must observe health and safety regulations, hence during implementation it is important to check if these control measures are put in place and are meeting the legal requirement.

Training • Ensure constructors carry out suitable training programs on occupational health and safety for workers prior to commencement of construction. • Ensure only experienced and well trained workers are used for the handling of machinery, equipment and material processing plants • Ensure all persons, including managers, are trained and able to carry out their work without risk to the safety or health of themselves, other workers or the public

Personal Protective Equipment • Ensure appropriate safety equipment, tools and protective clothing are provided to workers and that safe working methods are applied. A safety inspection checklist should be prepared taking into consideration what the workers are supposed to be wearing and monitored.  Any person who works or operates in an area where there is a risk of flying objects, such as splinters, should wear safety goggles at all time. These should be securely fitted to the face. Welders should protect the entire face from hot sparks and bright rays by using a welding mask. • Any person exposed to high levels of dust or hazardous gases (when working in underground drains) should wear respiratory protection in the form of disposal masks or respiratory masks which fit more snugly around the nose and mouth. • Any person working in an area where there is the risk of being struck on the head by a falling or flying object should wear a hard hat at all times. These should be well maintained in order to be fully effective, and any helmets or hard hats that are damaged or cracked should immediately be replaced. • All workers will be required to wear shoes or strong boots to prevent sharp objects from penetrating or crushing the foot. Those working in muddy conditions and in canals with polluted water should avoid hand/foot contact with water and should never wear slippers. • Road workers should wear reflective vests to avoid being hit by moving vehicular traffic.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 77

Site Delineation and Warning Signs • Ensure delineation devices such as cones, lights, tubular markers, orange and white strips and barricades are erected to inform oncoming vehicular traffic and pedestrians in the area about work zones. • Ensure all digging and installing work items that are not accomplished are isolated and warned of by signposts and flash lamps in nighttime. • Ensure dangerous warning signs are raised to inform public of particular dangers and to keep the public away from such hazards. • Ensure rehabilitation of trenches progressively once work is completed. • The safety inspection checklist must look to see that the delineation devices are used, whether they are appropriately positioned, if they are easily identifiable and whether they are reflective.

Equipment safety • Work zone workers use tools, equipment and machinery that could be dangerous if used incorrectly or if the equipment malfunctions Inspections must be carried out to test the equipment before it is used, so that worker safety can be secured. Inspections should look for evidence of wear and tear, frays, missing parts and mechanical or electrical problems.

Traffic management • Ensure traffic control plans and procedures are in place when work zone is set up and how to handle full or partial road closure, blocked intersections, sidewalk closure etc • Ensure installation of transport signs and lighting systems in conspicuous places to assure transport safety. Transport signs should be installed at places where accidents may be easily happened (populated centers, schools, hospitals, commercial areas etc)

Material management out of project site

Emergency Procedures • Ensure an emergency aid service is in place in the work zone. • Ensure all site staff is properly briefed as to what to do in the event of an emergency, such as who to notify and where to assemble for a head count. This information must be conveyed to employees by the site manager on the first occasion a worker visits the site.

Construction camps • Ensure installation of adequate construction camps and sanitation facilities for construction workers to control of transmission of infectious diseases.

Information management • Develop and establish contractor’s own procedure for receiving, documenting and addressing complaints that is easily accessible, culturally appropriate and understandable to affected communities.

• Provide advance notice to local communities by way of information boards about the schedule of construction activities.

Worker consultation • Consulting the workforce on health and safety measures is not only a legal requirement, it is an effective way to ensure that workers are committed to health and safety procedures and improvements. Employees should be consulted on health and safety measures and before the introduction of new technology or products.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 78

ILO Guidelines

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 79

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 80

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 81

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 82

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 83

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 84

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 85

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 86

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 87

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 88

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 89

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 90

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 91

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 92 Annexure 10: Chance finds procedures

Contracts for civil works involving earth moving and excavation activities, especially in known archaeological and heritage areas, should normally incorporate procedures for dealing with situations in which buried PCRs are unexpectedly exposed.

Recognition of unknown PCRs – This is the most difficult aspect to cover, especially if the contractor is not full-time accompanied by a specialist. For SCDP contracts, an initial consultation with the Department of Archaeology should be held before work commencement to identify the likelihood of such material being uncovered, especially where trenching work is expected for pipe laying etc.

Upon discovery of such material during execution of work, the contractor should carry out the following;  Immediately stop construction activities.  With the approval of the resident engineer delineate the discovered site area.  Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In case of removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard should be present until the responsible authority takes over.  Through the Resident Engineer, notify the responsible authorities, the Department of Archaeology and local authorities within 24 hours.  Submit a brief chance find report, within a specified time period, with date and time of discovery, location of discovery, description of finding, estimated weight and dimension of PCR and temporary protection implemented.  Responsible authorities would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on the proper procedures to be carried out.  An evaluation of the finding will be performed by the Department of Archaeology who may decide to either remove the PCR deemed to be of significance, further excavate within a specified distance of the discovery point and conserve on-site, and/or extend/reduce the areas demarcated by the contractor etc. This should ideally take place within about 7 days.  Construction work could resume only when permission is given from the Department of Archaeology after the decision concerning the safeguard of the heritage is fully executed.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 93 Annexure 11: Terms of Reference for Recruitment of Environmental Safeguard Officer

The contractor through an appointment of dedicated / qualified environmental safeguard officer shall be responsible in implementation of ESMP requirement by a) Maintaining up-to-date records on actions taken by the contractor with regards to implementation of ESMP recommendations. b) Timely (weekly) submission of reports, information and data to the Project Management Unit (PMU) / Deputy Project Director (Technical) of SCDP through Supervision consultant (SC). c) Participating in the meetings conveyed by the Engineer and

d) Any other assistance requested by the Engineer.

The Environmental Safeguard Officer will be the primary focal point of contact for the assistance with all environmental and social issues during the pre-construction and construction phases. He/ She shall be responsible for ensuring the implementation of Environment and Social Management Plan. The appointed officer should be available on the site fulltime basis during the project period. In addition, Environmental Safeguard Officer should prepare an Environmental Action Plan in line with Environment Management Plan and submit to the Engineer along with construction method statements.

The Environmental Safeguard Officer will promptly investigate and review environmental related complaints and implement the appropriate corrective actions to arrest or mitigate the cause of the complaints as specified in the Environmental Management and Assessment Framework of SCDP. A register of all complaints is to be passed to the Engineer within 24 hrs they are received, with the action taken by the Safeguard Officer on complains thereof. In addition, Safeguard Officer required to perform following tasks as well;

1. Participation for the periodic Grievance Redress Committee Meetings at Village Level, Local and PMU Level 2. Coordinate and liaise with Local PMU at Galle related environmental activities 3. Support and coordinate with PMU Environmental and Social Safeguard team in carrying out the monitoring assessments such as baseline surveys, progress review, mid-term review, etc 4. Take actions to mainstream project activities during the period 5. Identify the potential environment and social safeguards issues in accordance provided EMP/RAP/SSR/EMF/SMF

Qualifications required

Environmental Safeguard Officer preferably possessing a Bachelor Degree with minimum of 3 years experiences in the relevant field or minimum of eight (8) years of experiences in the similar capacity. Preferably, experience in specific project related works is required. It is essential to have both Sinhala & English language ability (speaking) and Computer Knowledge of MS Office.

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 94

SCDP/Urban Upgrading Interventions in Kandy City Page 95