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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR developed a schedule for migratory vii. Mottled ducks game bird hunting regulations that is viii. Wood ducks Fish and Wildlife Service more efficient and provides hunting ix. Youth Hunt season dates much earlier than was x. Mallard Management Units 50 CFR Part 20 xi. Other possible under the old process. The 2. Sea Ducks [Docket No. FWS–HQ–MB–2017–0028; process facilitates planning for the 3. Mergansers FF09M21200–178–FXMB1231099BPP0] States and all parties interested in 4. Canada Geese migratory bird hunting. Beginning in the A. Special Early Seasons RIN 1018–BB73 summer of 2015, with the 2016–17 B. Regular Seasons hunting seasons, we started C. Special Late Seasons Migratory Bird Hunting; Final 5. White-Fronted Geese Frameworks for Migratory Bird Hunting promulgating our annual migratory game bird hunting regulations using a 6. Brant Regulations 7. Snow and Ross’s (Light) Geese schedule that combines the previously 8. Swans AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, used early- and late-season regulatory 9. Sandhill Cranes Interior. processes into a single process. We 10. Coots ACTION: Final rule. make decisions for harvest management 11. Moorhens and Gallinules based on predictions derived from long- 12. Rails SUMMARY: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife term biological information and 13. Snipe Service (Service or we) prescribes final established harvest strategies and, 14. Woodcock frameworks from which States may therefore, can establish migratory bird 15. Band-tailed Pigeons select season dates, limits, and other hunting seasons much earlier than the 16. Doves 17. Alaska options for the 2018–19 migratory bird system we used for many years. Under hunting seasons. The effect of this final 18. Hawaii this revised process, we develop 19. Puerto Rico rule is to facilitate the States’ selection proposed hunting season frameworks 20. Virgin Islands of hunting seasons and to further the for a given year in the fall of the prior 21. Falconry annual establishment of the migratory year. We then finalize those frameworks 22. Other bird hunting regulations. We annually a few months later, thereby enabling the Subsequent documents, including this prescribe frameworks, or outer limits, State agencies to select and publish document, refer only to numbered items for dates and times when hunting may their season dates in early summer. We requiring attention. Therefore, it is occur and the number of birds that may provided a detailed overview of the new important to note that we omit those be taken and possessed in hunting process in the August 3, 2017, Federal items requiring no attention and seasons. These frameworks are Register (82 FR 36308). This final rule remaining numbered items will be necessary to allow State selections of is the fourth in a series of proposed and discontinuous, so the list appears to be seasons and limits and to allow final rules for the establishment of the incomplete. The August 3, 2017, recreational harvest at levels compatible 2018–19 hunting seasons. proposed rule also provided detailed with population and habitat conditions. Regulations Schedule for 2018 information on the proposed 2018–19 DATES: This rule takes effect on June 4, regulatory schedule and announced the 2018. On August 3, 2017, we published a Service Regulations Committee (SRC) ADDRESSES: States should send their proposal to amend title 50 of the Code and Flyway Council meetings. season selections to: Chief, Division of of Federal Regulations (CFR) at part 20 On October 3, 2017, we published in Migratory Bird Management, U.S. Fish (82 FR 36308). The proposal provided a the Federal Register (82 FR 46011) a and Wildlife Service, MS: MB, 5275 background and overview of the second document providing Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041– migratory bird hunting regulations supplemental proposals for migratory 3803. You may inspect comments process, and addressed the bird hunting regulations. The October 3 received on the migratory bird hunting establishment of seasons, limits, and supplement also provided detailed regulations during normal business other regulations for hunting migratory information on the 2018–19 regulatory hours at the Service’s office at 5275 game birds under §§ 20.101 through schedule and re-announced the SRC Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041– 20.107, 20.109, and 20.110 of subpart K. meetings. On October 17–18, 2017, we 3803 or at http://www.regulations.gov at Major steps in the 2018–19 regulatory held open meetings with the Flyway Docket No. FWS–HQ–MB–2017–0028. cycle relating to open public meetings Council consultants, at which the You may obtain copies of referenced and Federal Register notifications were participants reviewed information on reports from the street address above, or also identified in the August 3, 2017, the current status of migratory game from the Division of Migratory Bird proposed rule. Further, we explained birds and developed recommendations Management’s website at http:// that all sections of subsequent for the 2018–19 regulations for these www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/, or at documents outlining hunting species. On February 2, 2018, we http://www.regulations.gov at Docket frameworks and guidelines would be published in the Federal Register (83 No. FWS–HQ–MB–2017–0028. organized under numbered headings. FR 4964) the proposed frameworks for FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Ron Those headings are: the 2018–19 season migratory bird W. Kokel, U.S. Fish and Wildlife 1. Ducks hunting regulations. This document Service, Department of the Interior, MS: A. General Harvest Strategy establishes final frameworks for MB, 5275 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, B. Regulatory Alternatives migratory bird hunting regulations for VA 22041–3803; (703) 358–1967. C. Zones and Split Seasons the 2018–19 season. There are no D. Special Seasons/Species Management substantive changes from the February SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: i. September Teal Seasons ii. September Teal/Wood Duck Seasons 2, 2018, proposed rule. We will publish Process for the Annual Migratory Game State selections in the Federal Register Bird Hunting Regulations iii. Black ducks iv. Canvasbacks as amendments to §§ 20.101 through As part of DOI’s retrospective v. Pintails 20.107 and 20.109 of title 50 CFR part regulatory review, 2 years ago we vi. Scaup 20.

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Population Status and Harvest of all migratory birds, and status and economic impacts of the annual hunting Each year we publish various species habitat data on which the migratory bird regulations on small business entities in status reports that provide detailed hunting regulations are based. Another detail as part of a 1981 cost-benefit information on the status and harvest of commenter questioned the availability analysis and that this analysis was migratory game birds, including of data upon which the proposals were revised annually from 1990–95. In 1995, based and requested that all such data information on the methodologies and we issued a Small Entity Flexibility should be in any proposal. Several other results. These reports are available at Analysis, which was subsequently commenters noted the lack of habitat the address indicated under FOR updated in 1996, 1998, 2004, 2008, and information (particularly human-caused FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT or from 2013, as new information became losses), biodiversity, and climate change our website at https://www.fws.gov/ available. The primary source of discussion in the proposals. An birds/surveys-and-data/reports-and- information about hunter expenditures individual stated that our economic publications/population-status.php. We for migratory game bird hunting is the studies used outdated, flawed data. An used the following reports: Adaptive National Hunting and Fishing Survey, individual generally supported the Harvest Management, 2018 Hunting which is conducted at 5-year intervals. proposed regulations. Season (September 2017); American When there is updated information Service Response: Our long-term available, we will update our analysis. Woodcock Population Status, 2017 objectives continue to include providing (August 2017); Band-tailed Pigeon opportunities to harvest portions of 1. Ducks Population Status, 2017 (August 2017); certain migratory game bird populations A. General Harvest Strategy Migratory Bird Hunting Activity and and to limit harvests to levels Harvest During the 2015–16 and 2016– compatible with each population’s Council Recommendations: The 17 Hunting Seasons (August 2017); ability to maintain healthy, viable Atlantic, Mississippi, Central, and Mourning Dove Population Status, 2017 numbers. Having taken into account the Pacific Flyway Councils recommended (August 2017); Status and Harvests of zones of temperature and the the adoption of the ‘‘liberal’’ regulatory Sandhill Cranes, Mid-continent, Rocky distribution, abundance, economic alternative. Mountain, Lower Colorado River Valley value, breeding habits, and times and Service Response: We will continue and Eastern Populations, 2017 (August lines of flight of migratory birds, we using adaptive harvest management 2017); and Waterfowl Population Status, conclude that the hunting seasons (AHM) to help determine appropriate 2017 (August 2017). provided for herein are compatible with duck-hunting regulations for the 2018– the current status of migratory bird 19 season. AHM allows sound resource Review of Public Comments and decisions in the face of uncertain Flyway Council Recommendations populations and long-term population goals. Additionally, we are obligated to, regulatory impacts and provides a The preliminary proposed and do, give serious consideration to all mechanism for reducing that rulemaking, which appeared in the information received as public uncertainty over time. We use AHM to August 3, 2017, Federal Register (82 FR comment. While there are problems evaluate four alternative regulatory 36308), opened the public comment inherent with any type of representative levels for duck hunting based on the period for migratory game bird hunting management of public-trust resources, population status of mallards. We enact regulations and discussed the regulatory we conclude that the Flyway-Council other hunting regulations for species of alternatives for the 2018–19 duck system of migratory bird management special concern, such as canvasbacks, hunting season. The February 2, 2018, has been a longstanding example of scaup, and pintails. Federal Register publication (83 FR State-Federal cooperative management The prescribed regulatory alternative 4964) discussed and proposed the since its establishment in 1952. for the Atlantic, Mississippi, Central, frameworks for the 2018–19 season However, as always, we continue to and Pacific Flyways is based on the migratory bird hunting regulations. seek new ways to streamline and status of mallard populations that Comments and recommendations are improve the process. contribute primarily to each Flyway. In summarized below and numbered in the Regarding the availability of the Atlantic Flyway, we set hunting order from the above list of topics. We population and harvest data, we post all regulations based on the population received recommendations from all four reports, recommendations, background status of mallards breeding in eastern Flyway Councils. Some materials, and other such information North America (Federal survey strata recommendations supported used to make decisions on the Division 51–54 and 56, and State surveys in New continuation of last year’s frameworks. of Migratory Bird Management’s website England and the mid-Atlantic region). In Due to the comprehensive nature of the and the Federal Government’s official the Central and Mississippi Flyways, we annual review of the frameworks regulatory website set hunting regulations based on the performed by the Councils, support for (www.regulations.gov). Further, any of status and dynamics of mid-continent continuation of last year’s frameworks is the information is also available by mallards. Mid-continent mallards are assumed for items for which no contacting the person listed under FOR those breeding in central North America recommendations were received. FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT. (Federal survey strata 13–18, 20–50, and Council recommendations for changes Regarding habitat information, 75–77, and State surveys in Minnesota, in the frameworks are summarized biodiversity, and climate change, we Wisconsin, and Michigan). In the Pacific below. We have included only the note that there is an extensive Flyway, we set hunting regulations numbered items pertaining to issues for discussion of habitat conditions in the based on the status and dynamics of which we received recommendations. Waterfowl Population Status report and western mallards. Western mallards are Consequently, the issues do not follow that all of the reports, population those breeding in Alaska and the in successive numerical order. models, and frameworks either directly northern Yukon Territory (as based on or indirectly take into consideration Federal surveys in strata 1–12), and in General factors such as these, especially habitat British Columbia, Washington, Oregon, Written Comments: A commenter conditions. and California (as based on Canadian protested the entire migratory bird Lastly, as detailed under Regulatory Wildlife Service and State-conducted hunting regulations process, the killing Flexibility Act, we analyzed the surveys).

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For the 2018–19 season, we will enforcement issues. The existing zones 25 percent and nontarget kill rates no continue to use independent split Elkhead Reservoir. greater than 10 percent. Results from optimization to determine the optimal Service Response: We agree. The those studies demonstrated that regulatory choice for each mallard stock. change is very minor and aids in hunter nontarget species attempt rates were This means that we would develop compliance by placing the entire below the acceptable rate of 25 percent regulations for eastern mallards, mid- reservoir into one zone. (range 4.6 to 6.6 percent). Although continent mallards, and western Michigan and Wisconsin each had one D. Special Seasons/Species mallards independently, based upon the year in which the nontarget harvest rate Management breeding stock that contributes exceeded the acceptable rate of 10 primarily to each Flyway. We detailed i. September Teal Seasons percent, the harvest rate in the other 2 implementation of this AHM decision Council Recommendations: The years of the studies in each State were framework for western and mid- Atlantic Flyway Council requested that well below 10 percent (range 4.0 to 6.7 continent mallards in the July 24, 2008, Florida be allowed to hold an for Michigan and 0.0 for both years in Federal Register (73 FR 43290) and for experimental September teal-only Wisconsin). Thus, we conclude that eastern mallards in the July 20, 2012, season for an additional year (2018), to production (‘‘northern’’) States in the Federal Register (77 FR 42920). Further allow sufficient time to incorporate the Mississippi Flyway have satisfied the documentation on how adjustments 2017 results into a final report experimental criteria for nontarget were made to these decision frameworks evaluating impacts to nontarget species. species harvest rates. None of the three can be found at https://www.fws.gov/ The Mississippi Flyway Council States opened an experimental season migratorybirds/pdf/management/AHM/ recommended that teal seasons in Iowa, prior to sunrise; therefore, a comparison SEIS&AHMReportFinal.pdf. Michigan, Wisconsin, and Kentucky be of nontarget species attempt and harvest As we stated in the October 3, 2017, rates during pre- and post-sunrise proposed rule (82 FR 46011), for the made operational beginning in 2018–19. They further recommended that periods was not made. 2018–19 hunting season, we are Furthermore, we concur that Iowa be continuing to use the same regulatory Tennessee be granted an additional year of experimental status for their teal allowed to retain the option to select alternatives as those used last year. The either a September 5-day duck season or nature of the ‘‘restrictive,’’ ‘‘moderate,’’ season to collect an additional year of data to support evaluations and that an operational September teal season for and ‘‘liberal’’ alternatives has remained the 2018–19 hunting season. The essentially unchanged since 1997, Iowa be allowed to retain the option to select a September 5-day duck season or Service previously agreed to allow Iowa except that extended framework dates to retain these options when the State have been offered in the ‘‘moderate’’ an operational early teal season for the suspended its special September 5-day and ‘‘liberal’’ regulatory alternatives 2018–19 hunting seasons. Iowa’s duck season in order to conduct a 3-year since 2002 (67 FR 47224; July 17, 2002). decision would remain in effect under The optimal AHM strategies for mid- current duck season frameworks. experimental September teal season continent, eastern, and western mallards The Central Flyway Council along with other production States in for the 2018–19 hunting season were recommended that Nebraska’s the Flyway. When Iowa chooses either calculated using: (1) Harvest- experimental September teal season be of these options for the 2018–19 season, management objectives specific to each made operational for the 2018–19 that decision will remain in effect for mallard stock; (2) the 2018–19 hunting season. future years under current duck season regulatory alternatives; and (3) current Service Response: For the 2018–19 frameworks. With regard to the results population models and associated season, we will utilize the 2017 from the 3-year experimental September weights. Based on ‘‘liberal’’ regulatory breeding population estimate of 7.9 teal-only season that follows the alternatives selected for the 2017–18 million blue-winged teal from the operational September teal–wood duck hunting season, the 2017 Waterfowl traditional survey area and the criteria season in Kentucky, the nontarget Breeding Population and Habitat Survey developed for the teal season harvest species attempt rate for both the pre- (WBPHS) results of 10.64 million mid- strategy. Thus, a 16-day September teal sunrise (7.7 percent) and post-sunrise continent mallards and 4.33 million season in the Atlantic, Central, and (13.4 percent) periods were below the ponds in Prairie Canada, 0.65 million Mississippi Flyways is appropriate for acceptable rate of 25 percent. Similarly, eastern mallards, and 0.98 million the 2018–19 season. the nontarget species harvest rate for western mallards (0.44 million in We agree with the Atlantic Flyway’s both the pre-sunrise (5.0 percent) and California–Oregon and 0.54 million in request to extend Florida’s experimental post-sunrise (6.0 percent) periods were Alaska), the optimal regulatory choice teal-only season through 2018, to allow below the acceptable rate of 10 percent. for all four Flyways is the ‘‘liberal’’ the State sufficient time to prepare a full Therefore, we agree with the Mississippi alternative. Therefore, we concur with report on the results of its study on Flyway Council’s request to make the the recommendations of the Atlantic, impacts to nontarget species. September teal-only season in Kentucky Mississippi, Central, and Pacific Flyway We also agree with the Mississippi operational. Councils regarding selection of the Flyway’s request that September teal Finally, we agree with the Mississippi ‘‘liberal’’ regulatory alternative for the seasons in Iowa, Michigan, Wisconsin, Flyway’s request to extend Tennessee’s 2018–19 season and will adopt the and Kentucky be made operational experimental teal-only season through ‘‘liberal’’ regulatory alternative, as beginning in 2018–19. Iowa, Michigan, 2018, to allow the Service sufficient described in the October 3, 2017, and Wisconsin submitted a report that time to review a report recently Federal Register. summarized results from their 3-year submitted by Tennessee that contains experimental September teal season results from a fourth experimental year C. Zones and Split Seasons conducted during 2014–16. As conducted in September 2017. The Written Comments: Colorado Parks established in the MOAs and discussed Service will examine results from all 4 and Wildlife requested a minor in our 2014 Proposed Rule (79 FR years of the study to determine whether boundary change between the east and 44583), the criteria to allow September Tennessee has met experimental criteria west zones in the Pacific Flyway portion teal seasons included acceptable rates of with regard to nontarget species attempt of the State due to unintended law nontarget attempt rates no greater than and harvest rates.

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We also agree with the Central Flyway For the 2018–19 season, the optimal Pacific Flyway Councils recommended Council’s recommendation granting country-specific regulatory strategies a full season for pintails, consisting of operational status to Nebraska’s were calculated using: (1) The black a 2-bird daily bag limit and a 60-day experimental September teal season. As duck harvest objective (98 percent of season in the Atlantic and Mississippi with the Mississippi Flyway States, long-term cumulative harvest); (2) 2018– Flyways, a 74-day season in the Central Nebraska entered into a memorandum 19 country-specific regulatory Flyway, and a 107-day season in the of agreement with the Service that alternatives; (3) current parameter Pacific Flyway. specified sample sizes (i.e., observations estimates for mallard competition and Service Response: The current derived of hunter performance) and decision additive mortality; and (4) 2017 survey pintail harvest strategy was adopted by criteria that would need to be met for results of 0.54 million breeding black the Service and Flyway Councils in these experimental seasons to become ducks and 0.44 million breeding 2010 (75 FR 44856; July 29, 2010). For operational, wherein hunters’ rates of mallards in the core survey area. The the 2018–19 season, an optimal attempting to shoot nontarget waterfowl optimal regulatory choices for the 2018– regulatory strategy for pintails was species and the harvest rate of nontarget 19 season are the ‘‘liberal’’ package in calculated with: (1) An objective of species could not exceed certain levels. Canada and the ‘‘moderate’’ package in maximizing long-term cumulative Nebraska collected 4 years of the United States. harvest, including a closed-season information and met the sample-size iv. Canvasbacks constraint of 1.75 million birds; (2) the requirements. The attempt rates at regulatory alternatives and associated nontarget species (pre-sunrise period: Council Recommendations: The predicted harvest; and (3) current 7.9 percent; post-sunrise period: 13.6 Atlantic, Mississippi, Central, and population models and their relative percent; both periods combined: 12.4 Pacific Flyway Councils recommended weights. Based on a ‘‘liberal’’ regulatory percent) were below our acceptable rate a full season for canvasbacks with a 2- alternative with a 1-bird daily bag limit of 25 percent. Further, the harvest rate bird daily bag limit. Season lengths for the 2017–18 season, and the 2017 of nontarget species was 3 percent, would be 60 days in the Atlantic and survey results of 2.89 million pintails below the acceptable rate of 10 percent. Mississippi Flyways, 74 days in the observed at a mean latitude of 56.7 Therefore, we support granting Central Flyway, and 107 days in the degrees, the optimal regulatory choice operational status to September teal Pacific Flyway. for all four Flyways for the 2018–19 Service Response: As we discussed in seasons in the northern portion of hunting season is the ‘‘liberal’’ the March 28, 2016, final rule (81 FR Nebraska. alternative with a 2-bird daily bag limit. 17302), the canvasback harvest strategy iii. Black Ducks that we had relied on until 2015 was not vi. Scaup viable under our new regulatory process Council Recommendations: The Council Recommendations: The because it required biological Atlantic and Mississippi Flyway Atlantic, Mississippi, Central, and information that was not yet available at Pacific Flyway Councils recommended Councils recommended that the Service the time a decision on season structure continue to follow the International use of the ‘‘moderate’’ regulation needed to be made. We do not yet have package, consisting of a 60-day season Black Duck AHM Strategy for the 2018– a new harvest strategy to propose for use with a 2-bird daily bag limit in the 19 season. in guiding canvasback harvest Atlantic Flyway and a 3-bird daily bag Service Response: In 2012, we management in the future. However, we limit in the Mississippi Flyway, a 74- adopted the International Black Duck have worked with technical staff of the day season with a 3-bird daily bag limit AHM Strategy (77 FR 49868; August 17, four Flyway Councils to develop a in the Central Flyway, and an 86-day 2012). The formal strategy is the result decision framework (hereafter, decision season with a 3-bird daily bag limit in of 14 years of technical and policy support tool) that relies on the best the Pacific Flyway. decisions developed and agreed upon biological information available to by both Canadian and U.S. agencies and Service Response: In 2008, we develop recommendations for annual adopted and implemented a new scaup waterfowl managers. The strategy canvasback harvest regulations. The clarifies what harvest levels each harvest strategy (73 FR 43290 on July decision support tool uses available 24, 2008, and 73 FR 51124 on August country will manage for and reduces information (1994–2014) on canvasback conflicts over country-specific 29, 2008) with initial ‘‘restrictive,’’ population size, growth rate, survival, ‘‘moderate,’’ and ‘‘liberal’’ regulatory regulatory policies. Further, the strategy and harvest and a discrete logistic allows for attainment of fundamental packages adopted for each Flyway. growth model to derive an optimal For scaup, optimal regulatory objectives of black duck management: harvest policy with an objective of Resource conservation; perpetuation of strategies for the 2018–19 season were maximum sustained yield. The decision calculated using: (1) An objective to hunting tradition; and equitable access support tool calls for a closed season to the black duck resource between achieve 95 percent of long-term when the observed population is below cumulative harvest, (2) current scaup Canada and the United States while 460,000, a 1-bird daily bag limit when accommodating the fundamental regulatory alternatives, and (3) updated the observed breeding population is model parameters and weights. Based sources of uncertainty, partial between 460,000 and 480,000, and a 2- controllability and observability, on a ‘‘moderate’’ regulatory alternative bird daily bag limit when the observed selected in 2017, and the 2017 survey structural uncertainty, and population is greater than 480,000. environmental variation. The results of 4.37 million scaup, the Given that the 2017 canvasback optimal regulatory choice for the 2018– underlying model performance is breeding population estimate was assessed annually, with a 19 season for all four Flyways is the 733,000 birds, we support the Flyways’ ‘‘moderate’’ regulatory alternative. comprehensive evaluation of the entire recommendations for a 2-canvasback strategy (objectives and model set) daily bag limit for the 2018–19 season. 4. Canada Geese planned after 6 years. A copy of the strategy is available at the Division of v. Pintails A. Special Early Seasons Migratory Bird Management’s website at Council Recommendations: The Council Recommendations: The http://www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/. Atlantic, Mississippi, Central, and Central Flyway Council recommended

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changing the zone boundaries in North appropriate. The SJBP is no longer evaluate population status. Vancouver Dakota, modifying the boundary of the managed as a separate population in the Canada geese are relatively ‘‘Remainder of State’’ zone to form a Mississippi Flyway, where most of these nonmigratory, occur primarily in remote new zone in the western portion of the birds are harvested; thus, the SJBP zone estuarine areas of southeast Alaska and State. in North Carolina is not needed for northern British Columbia (i.e., Service Response: We support the harvest management purposes. Northwest Permit Zone is on the Central Flyway Council’s We support the Central Flyway periphery of the subspecies’ range), and recommendation. The change in zone Council’s recommendations. The change additional harvest associated with the boundaries will allow the State to in North Dakota was previously bag limit increase is expected to be increase harvest of resident Canada addressed above in 4.A. Special Early insignificant. For Taverner’s Canada geese in eastern portions of the State, Seasons. The changes will allow the geese and lesser Canada geese, there are where goose/human conflicts need to be States to better satisfy hunters’ desires no Flyway management plans, alleviated, without negatively impacting to hunt at certain times of the season population objectives, or population- hunter opportunities in western without negatively impacting Canada specific monitoring programs because portions of the State. goose populations. Wyoming will work these birds cannot be differentiated together with the Service to conduct an B. Regular Seasons during surveys and breeding evaluation of their change to conform to distributions are not disjunct. However, Council Recommendations: The Service requirements. these subspecies are encountered during Atlantic Flyway Council revised its We also agree with the Pacific Flyway general waterfowl breeding population North Atlantic Population (NAP) Council’s recommendation to increase and habitat surveys across North Harvest Strategy by (1) eliminating the the daily bag limit from 4 to 6 Canada America. Indices from these surveys ‘‘very restrictive’’ regulatory option, and geese in Oregon’s Northwest Permit indicate that abundance of Taverner’s (2) incorporating uncertainty around Zone. Seven subspecies of Canada geese and lesser geese have been stable during breeding population estimates into the occur in this area, but cackling Canada the last 10 (2008–17) years. annual regulatory option decision. geese are the most abundant. The We also agree with the Pacific Flyway Under the revised strategy, the Council current 3-year average predicted fall Council’s recommendation to reduce the recommended adoption of the moderate population estimate (2015–17) for size of the Tillamook County season option, which would consist of cackling geese is 321,475, which is Management Area (i.e., goose hunting a 60-day season with a 2-bird daily bag substantially above the Flyway closure). Oregon’s Tillamook County limit, with a framework of October 1 to population objective of 250,000. The Management Area was established in January 31 for the high-harvest NAP increase in bag limit is specifically 1982 to provide protection for Aleutian areas; and a 70-day season with a 3-bird intended to decrease abundance of Canada geese, specifically those that daily bag limit, with a framework of cackling geese and address associated primarily breed on the Semidi Islands, October 1 to February 15 for the low- depredation complaints, and is Alaska, and winter near Pacific City, harvest NAP areas for the 2018–19 consistent with the Council’s harvest Oregon. Aleutian Canada geese were season. The Council further strategy for these birds. However, the listed as an endangered population in recommended discontinuance of North bag limit increase could result in 1967 (32 FR 4001, March 11, 1967) Carolina’s Southern James Bay increased harvest of the 6 other under the Endangered Species Population (SJBP) zone. This area would subspecies of Canada geese in the area, Preservation Act of 1966, which was become part of North Carolina’s Atlantic but is not expected to be significant. later superseded by the Endangered Flyway Resident Population (AFRP) Canada goose harvest in the area is Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et Zone. expected to increase by less than 10 seq.); downlisted to threatened status in The Central Flyway Council percent with the bag limit change, and 1990 (55 FR 51106, December 12, 1990); recommended the implementation of State harvest data indicate cackling and removed from protection under the modified Canada goose hunting zones in geese represent about 70 percent of the Act in 2001 (66 FR 15643, March 20, North Dakota and Wyoming. Wyoming Canada goose harvest in this area. Other 2001). The current 3-year average would conduct an evaluation of the 3- subspecies of Canada geese are over the breeding population estimate (2015–17) way splits in two zones in accordance Council’s population objectives, have no for Aleutian geese is 167,451, which is with established criteria. open hunting season, occur mostly substantially above the Flyway The Pacific Flyway Council outside of the Northwest Zone, or have population objective of 60,000 geese. recommended increasing the daily bag stable trends in abundance during the The Semidi Islands population segment limit for Canada geese from 4 to 6 in the last 10 years. is currently about 300 birds, and has Northwest Permit Zone of Oregon. They More specific to these other Canada consisted of about 100–300 birds since further recommended reducing the size goose subspecies, the current 3-year the 1990s. of Oregon’s Tillamook County average breeding population estimate Monitoring data indicate that these Management Area (i.e., reducing the (2015–17) for Aleutian Canada geese is birds almost exclusively use two size of the goose hunting closure). 167,451, which is substantially above pastures/hayfields within the goose Service Response: We agree with the the Flyway population objective of hunting closure area. The closure area Atlantic Flyway Council’s decision to 60,000 geese. The current 3-year average includes both non-goose habitat and explicitly consider uncertainty around breeding population estimate (2015–17) pastures/hayfields the Semidi Islands breeding population estimates when for the Pacific Population of western geese do not use. The closure area has developing its annual regulatory Canada geese is 313,200 and exceeds been reduced four times (2002, 2005, recommendation for NAP Canada geese, area-specific Flyway objectives. The 2007, and 2011) since establishment to and we support the Council’s hunting season on dusky Canada geese, focus protection on areas Semidi Islands recommendation for a moderate season a subspecies of management concern, is geese use and address depredation in 2018–19. We also agree that the SJBP currently closed in this area. The complaints resulting from increasing zone designation in North Carolina can potential for increased incidental take of abundance of several populations of be eliminated, and that incorporating dusky geese is expected to be small, and Canada and white-fronted geese in the that area into the State’s AFRP zone is monitoring programs are in place to area. This fifth reduction in the goose

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hunting closure area is expected to Service Response: As we discussed in • If the MWS count is between maintain the same level of protection for the March 28, 2016, final rule (81 FR 150,000 and 200,000 brant, States could Semidi Islands geese and address the 17302), the current harvest strategy used select a 60-day season with a 2-bird increasing number of goose depredation to determine the Atlantic brant season daily bag limit. complaints in the area currently closed frameworks does not fit well within the • If the MWS count is >200,000 brant, to goose hunting. Reduction of the goose new regulatory process, similar to the States could select a 60-day season with hunting closure area could result in Rocky Mountains Population (RMP) a 3-bird daily bag limit. increased take of dusky Canada geese, a sandhill crane issue discussed below Under all the above open-season subspecies of management concern under 9. Sandhill Cranes. In developing alternatives, seasons would be between known to winter primarily in northwest the annual proposed frameworks for the Saturday nearest September 24 and Oregon and southwest Washington. Atlantic brant in the past, the Atlantic January 31. Further, States could split However, the hunting season for this Flyway Council and the Service used their seasons into two segments. subspecies is closed in this area, the the number of brant counted during the The recently completed 2018 MWS potential for increased incidental take is Mid-winter Waterfowl Survey (MWS) in Atlantic brant count was 169,749 brant. expected to be small, and monitoring the Atlantic Flyway, and took into Thus, utilizing the above Atlantic brant programs are in place to evaluate consideration the brant population’s hunt strategies, the appropriate Atlantic population status. expected productivity that summer. The brant hunting season for the 2018–19 season is a 60-day season with a 2-bird 5. White-Fronted Geese MWS is conducted each January, and expected brant productivity is based on daily bag limit. Council Recommendations: The early-summer observations of breeding 7. Snow and Ross’s (Light) Geese Pacific Flyway Council recommended habitat conditions and nesting effort in Council Recommendations: The removal of the special goose season important brant nesting areas. Thus, the outside date restriction in Washington’s Pacific Flyway Council recommended, data under consideration were available in Washington, removing the special Area 1. before the annual Flyway and SRC Service Response: We agree with the goose season outside the date restriction decision-making meetings took place in Pacific Flyway Council’s in Area 1. late July. Although the former regulatory recommendation. Removing the Service Response: We agree with the alternatives for Atlantic brant were restriction would change the hunting Pacific Flyway Council’s developed by factoring together long- season framework dates for white- recommendation. Removing the term productivity rates (observed during fronted geese from the Saturday nearest restriction would change the hunting November and December productivity September 24 and the last Sunday in season closing framework date for light surveys) with estimated observed February, to the Saturday nearest geese from the last Sunday in February September 24 and March 10, consistent harvest under different framework to March 10, consistent with the general with the general framework for the regulations, the primary decision- framework for the Pacific Flyway. The Pacific Flyway. The current 3-year making criterion for selecting the annual Area 1 framework date restriction was average predicted fall population frameworks was the MWS count. implemented when the local 3-year estimate (2015–17) for the Pacific Under the new regulatory schedule, average snow goose count was below population of greater white-fronted neither the expected 2018 brant the 70,000-bird objective established in geese is 633,399, which is substantially production information (available the Washington Department of Fish and above the Flyway population objective summer 2018) nor the 2018 MWS count Wildlife’s management plan for Wrangel of 300,000. The Area 1 framework date (conducted in January 2018) is typically Island snow geese. The current 3-year restriction was implemented when the available at the time of the proposed average snow goose count (2015–17) is local 3-year average snow goose count frameworks (early December to mid- 83,175, and exceeds the threshold of was below the 70,000 bird objective January). However, the 2018 MWS is 70,000 birds. Three populations of light established in Washington Department typically completed and winter brant geese occur in the Pacific Flyway, and of Fish and Wildlife’s management plan data is available by the expected all are above Flyway objectives based on for Wrangel Island snow geese. The publication of the final frameworks. the most recent breeding population current 3-year average snow goose count Therefore, in the September 24, 2015, indices. The population estimate for the (2015–17) is 83,175, and exceeds the Federal Register (80 FR 57664), we Western Arctic Population (WAP) of threshold of 70,000 birds. Removing the adopted the Atlantic Flyway’s changes lesser snow geese was 419,800 in 2013 framework date restriction for white- to the then-current Atlantic brant hunt (most recent estimate) on Banks Island, fronted geese in Washington’s Area 1 plan strategies. Current harvest packages which is above the objective of 200,000 will simplify regulations by matching (strategies) for Atlantic brant hunting geese. Ross’s geese were estimated at seasons are now as follows: 624,100 in 2016 (most recent estimate) the general framework dates for white- • fronted geese in the Pacific Flyway. If the MWS count is <100,000 at Karrak Lake and are above the Atlantic brant, the season would be objective of 100,000 geese. The current 6. Brant closed. 3-year average breeding population Council Recommendations: The • If the MWS count is between estimate (2015–17) for Wrangel Island Atlantic Flyway Council recommended 100,000 and 115,000 brant, States could snow geese is 297,333, which is above that the 2018–19 season for Atlantic select a 30-day season with a 1-bird the objective of 120,000 geese. Current brant follow the Atlantic Flyway brant daily bag limit. evidence suggests most light geese in hunt plan pending the results of the • If the MWS count is between Washington during fall and early winter 2018 Atlantic Flyway mid-winter 115,000 and 130,000 brant, States could are primarily Wrangel Island snow waterfowl survey. The Council also select a 30-day season with a 2-bird geese, but an influx of WAP lesser snow recommended that if the results of the daily bag limit. and Ross’s geese may occur during late 2018 mid-winter survey are not • If the MWS count is between winter as birds begin to move north available, then the results of the most 130,000 and 150,000 brant, States could from California toward breeding areas. recent mid-winter survey should be select a 50-day season with a 2-bird Removing the closing framework date used. daily bag limit. restriction for light geese in

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Washington’s Area 1 will simplify Although we did not receive a formal recruitment estimate was 7.93 percent regulations by matching the general recommendation from them, the Central young in the fall population, resulting framework dates for light geese in the Flyway Council has indicated to the in a 3-year (2015–17) average of 9.37 Pacific Flyway. Service that it supports the percent, a decrease from the previous 3- recommendation. year average, which was 10.16 percent. 9. Sandhill Cranes Regarding the RMP crane harvest, as Using the above formula and the above Council Recommendations: The we discussed in the March 28, 2016, most recent 3-year average abundance Central and Pacific Flyway Councils final rule (81 FR 17302), the current and recruitment estimates, the allowable recommended changing the framework harvest strategy used to calculate the harvest for the 2018–19 season is 2,168 season length for Rocky Mountains allowable harvest of RMP cranes does cranes. Population (RMP) cranes from 30 not fit well within the new regulatory 14. Woodcock consecutive days to 60 days that may be process, similar to the Atlantic brant split into segments. The Pacific Flyway issue discussed above under 6. Brant. In 2011, we implemented a harvest Council recommended a maximum of Currently, results of the fall abundance strategy for woodcock (76 FR 19876, three season segments, whereas the and recruitment surveys of RMP April 8, 2011). The harvest strategy Central Flyway Council sandhill cranes, upon which the annual provides a transparent framework for recommendation did not specify a allowable harvest is based, will making regulatory decisions for maximum number of season segments. continue to be released between woodcock season length and bag limits The Pacific Flyway Council further December 1 and January 31 each year, while we work to improve monitoring recommended establishment of a new which is after the date for which and assessment protocols for this hunting unit for RMP cranes in the proposed frameworks will be species. Utilizing the criteria developed Malad River area of Oneida County, formulated in the new regulatory for the strategy, the 3-year average for Idaho, and that allowable harvest of process. If the usual procedures for the Singing Ground Survey indices and RMP cranes be determined based on the determining allowable harvest were associated confidence intervals fall formula described in the Pacific and used, data 2 to 4 years old would be within the ‘‘moderate package’’ for both Central Flyway Management Plan for used to determine the annual allocation the Eastern and Central Management RMP cranes. for RMP sandhill cranes. Due to the Regions. As such, a ‘‘moderate season’’ Service Response: We agree with the variability in fall abundance and for both management regions for the Central and Pacific Flyway Council’s recruitment for this population, and 2018–19 season is appropriate. recommendation to increase the season their impact on the annual harvest Specifics of the harvest strategy can length for RMP cranes from 30 to 60 allocations, we agree that relying on be found at https://www.fws.gov/birds/ days and to allow the season to be split data that is 2 to 4 years old is not ideal. surveys-and-data/webless-migratory- into segments. However, we will restrict Thus, we agree that the formula to game-birds/american-woodcock.php. the number of season segments to three, determine the annual allowable harvest consistent with the Pacific Flyway 16. Doves for RMP sandhill cranes published in recommendation. The change in season Council Recommendations: The the March 28, 2016, final rule should be length and splits is intended to provide Atlantic and Mississippi Flyway used under the new regulatory schedule increased flexibility to States in Councils recommended use of the and propose to utilize it as such. The addressing crop depredation concerns ‘‘standard’’ season framework formula uses information on abundance and cranes staging for longer periods. comprising a 90-day season and 15-bird and recruitment collected annually This change is not expected to result in daily bag limit for States within the through operational monitoring harvest of RMP cranes above allowable Eastern Management Unit (EMU). The programs, as well as constant values levels because States are allocated a daily bag limit could be composed of based on past research or monitoring for maximum allowable harvest annually mourning doves and white-winged survival of fledglings to breeding age according to the harvest strategy doves, singly or in combination. They and harvest retrieval rate. The formula specified in the Pacific and Central also recommended that the closing Flyway Councils’ RMP crane is: × × × × framework date for the EMU be changed management plan. However, we note H = C P R L f from January 15 to January 31. that increasing hunting opportunities Where: The Mississippi and Central Flyway likely will increase harvest and bring H = total annual allowable harvest; Councils recommended the use of the States closer to their harvest allocations. C = the average of the three most recent, ‘‘standard’’ season package of a 15-bird The Service, collaboratively with the reliable fall population indices; daily bag limit and a 90-day season for States, will continue to monitor take P = the average proportion of fledged chicks the 2018–19 mourning dove season in levels to ensure that realized take in the fall population in the San Luis the States within the Central remains within those allowed in the Valley during the most recent 3 years for which data are available; Management Unit. Flyway Councils’ harvest strategy. R = estimated recruitment of fledged chicks The Pacific Flyway Council We also agree with the Pacific Flyway to breeding age (current estimate is 0.5); recommended use of the ‘‘standard’’ Council’s recommendation to create a L = retrieval rate of 0.80 (allowance for an season framework for States in the new hunting area for RMP cranes in estimated 20 percent crippling loss based Western Management Unit (WMU) Idaho to include a portion of Oneida on hunter interviews); and population of mourning doves. County. The new hunting area is f = (C/16,000) 3 (a variable factor used to Service Response: Based on the consistent with the hunting area adjust the total harvest to achieve a harvest strategies and current requirements in the Pacific and Central desired effect on the entire population) population status, we agree with the Flyway Council’s RMP crane The 2017 fall RMP sandhill crane recommended selection of the management plan. Because this is a abundance estimate was 19,592 cranes, ‘‘standard’’ season frameworks for doves shared population between the Pacific resulting in a 3-year (2015–17) average in the Eastern, Central, and Western and Central Flyways, the same of 22,062 cranes, essentially unchanged Management Units for the 2018–19 recommendation should have come from the previous 3-year average, which season. As we stated in the October 3, from the Central Flyway Council. was 22,087 cranes. The RMP crane 2017, Federal Register (82 FR 46011),

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we agree with the Atlantic and compensatory days later in the dove of this Act’’ (and) shall ‘‘insure that any Mississippi Flyway Councils’ season in those States will not increase action authorized, funded, or carried out recommendation to extend the EMU’s the harvest significantly. Based on * * * is not likely to jeopardize the framework closing date to January 31. A recent (2012–2016) estimates of continued existence of any endangered review of the available data on woodcock harvested per day, the species or threatened species or result in mourning dove nesting phenology in the additional 7 woodcock hunting days (5 the destruction or adverse modification EMU indicated that <1 percent of all in New Jersey) in the affected States is of [critical] habitat. * * *.’’ mourning dove nest initiations detected expected to result in approximately Consequently, we conducted formal occurred in January; thus, the impacts 5,500 additional woodcock harvested, consultations to ensure that actions on mourning dove reproduction will be about 9 percent of the recent annual resulting from these regulations would minimal. Furthermore, the maximum woodcock harvest in the Atlantic not likely jeopardize the continued additional harvest expected as a result Flyway. If this additional harvest results existence of endangered or threatened of this action is negligible in relation to in measurable adverse population species or result in the destruction or the number of mourning doves in the impacts, the woodcock hunting season adverse modification of their critical EMU (<0.2 percent of the fall and harvest in the Atlantic Flyway will habitat. Findings from these population). Therefore, we do not be adjusted in accordance with the consultations are included in a expect that this action will result in woodcock harvest strategy, which is biological opinion, which concluded significant impacts to the EMU based on the population status of the that the regulations are not likely to mourning dove population. However, species. jeopardize the continued existence of we also note that nesting phenology any endangered or threatened species. Required Determinations may have changed in some areas since Additionally, these findings may have the studies cited in the EMU Executive Order 13771—Reducing caused modification of some regulatory recommendation were conducted and Regulation and Controlling Regulatory measures previously proposed, and the may continue to change in the future. Costs final frameworks reflect any such Thus, framework dates later than This action is not subject to Executive modifications. Our biological opinions January 31 should not be considered Order (E.O.) 13771 (82 FR 9339, resulting from this section 7 without new studies that document February 3, 2017) because it is issued consultation are public documents contemporary nesting phenology with respect to routine hunting and available for public inspection at the throughout the EMU, which would fishing activities. address indicated under ADDRESSES. allow assessment of the impact of a later Regulatory Planning and Review closing date on mourning dove National Environmental Policy Act (Executive Orders 12866 and 13563) productivity. (NEPA) Consideration E.O. 12866 provides that the Office of 22. Other The programmatic document, ‘‘Second Final Supplemental Information and Regulatory Affairs Council Recommendations: The Environmental Impact Statement: (OIRA) will review all significant rules. Atlantic Flyway Council recommended Issuance of Annual Regulations OIRA has reviewed this rule and has that Atlantic Flyway States be granted Permitting the Sport Hunting of determined that this rule is significant compensatory days for webless Migratory Birds (EIS 20130139),’’ filed because it would have an annual effect migratory game bird hunting beginning with the Environmental Protection of $100 million or more on the with the 2018–19 hunting season in Agency (EPA) on May 24, 2013, economy. States where Sunday hunting for addresses NEPA compliance by the E.O. 13563 reaffirms the principles of migratory game birds is prohibited by a Service for issuance of the annual E.O. 12866 while calling for State law adopted prior to 1997 framework regulations for hunting of improvements in the nation’s regulatory (Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, migratory game bird species. We system to promote predictability, to Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, published a notice of availability in the reduce uncertainty, and to use the best, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania). Federal Register on May 31, 2013 (78 most innovative, and least burdensome Written Comments: An individual FR 32686), and our Record of Decision tools for achieving regulatory ends. The supported allowing compensatory days. on July 26, 2013 (78 FR 45376). We also executive order directs agencies to Service Response: We agree with the address NEPA compliance for waterfowl consider regulatory approaches that Atlantic Flyway Council’s hunting frameworks through the annual reduce burdens and maintain flexibility recommendation to allow compensatory preparation of separate environmental and freedom of choice for the public days for all migratory game bird species assessments, the most recent being where these approaches are relevant, in States where Sunday hunting is ‘‘Duck Hunting Regulations for 2018– feasible, and consistent with regulatory prohibited by State law. Compensatory 19,’’ with its corresponding May 2018, objectives. E.O. 13563 emphasizes days will provide additional hunting finding of no significant impact. The further that regulations must be based opportunity for dove, woodcock, rail, programmatic document, as well as the on the best available science and that snipe, and gallinule hunters in those separate environmental assessment, is the rulemaking process must allow for States, thereby assisting State agency available on our website at https:// public participation and an open efforts to retain hunters. We expect that www.fws.gov/birds/index.php. or from exchange of ideas. We have developed the biological impacts of the additional the address indicated under the caption this rule in a manner consistent with hunting opportunity afforded by FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT. these requirements. compensatory days will be minimal on An economic analysis was prepared snipe, rails, and gallinules, which are Endangered Species Act Consideration for the 2018–19 season. This analysis lightly hunted in the Atlantic Flyway. Section 7 of the Endangered Species was based on data from the 2011 More than 88 percent of the mourning Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 National Hunting and Fishing Survey, dove harvest in the Atlantic Flyway et seq.), provides that, ‘‘The Secretary the most recent year for which data are occurs during the first month of the shall review other programs available (see discussion in Regulatory season, and only 4 of the affected States administered by him and utilize such Flexibility Act section below). This have dove seasons; thus, adding programs in furtherance of the purposes analysis estimated consumer surplus for

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three alternatives for duck hunting plan to defer the effective date under the bag and possession limits and season (estimates for other species are not exemption contained in 5 U.S.C. 808(1). length for migratory game birds that quantified due to lack of data). The Federal regulations are likely to permit Paperwork Reduction Act alternatives are (1) issue restrictive the States in the Flyway in which the regulations allowing fewer days than This final rule contains a collection of reservation is located those issued during the 2017–18 season, information that we have submitted to (B) State and U.S. territory (2) issue moderate regulations allowing the Office of Management and Budget governments that wish to establish more days than those in alternative 1, (OMB) for review and approval under annual migratory game bird hunting and (3) issue liberal regulations the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 seasons are required to provide the identical to the regulations in the 2017– (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.). We may not requested dates and other details for 18 season. For the 2018–19 season, we conduct or sponsor and you are not hunting seasons in their respective chose Alternative 3, with an estimated required to respond to a collection of States or Territories. The information is consumer surplus across all flyways of information unless it displays a provided to the Service in a nonform $334–$440 million with a mid-point currently valid OMB control number. format, usually via letter or spreadsheet, estimate of $387 million. We also chose OMB has previously approved the in response to solicitations for the alternative 3 for the 2009–10, the 2010– information collection requirements information sent to the State 11, the 2011–12, the 2012–13, the 2014– associated with migratory bird surveys governments each year via an emailed 15, the 2015–16, the 2016–17, and the and assigned the following OMB control letter and as part of the first final rule 2017–18 seasons. The 2018–19 analysis numbers: (for the frameworks). • is part of the record for this rule and is 1018–0019, ‘‘North American (2) Reports: The following reports are available at http://www.regulations.gov Woodcock Singing Ground Survey’’ requested from the States and are at Docket No. FWS–HQ–MB–2017– (expires 5/31/2018). submitted either annually or every-three • 0028. 1018–0023, ‘‘Migratory Bird years as explained in the following text. Surveys’’ (expires 6/30/2017). Includes (A) Reports from Experimental Regulatory Flexibility Act Migratory Bird Harvest Information Hunting Seasons and Season Structure The annual migratory bird hunting Program, Migratory Bird Hunter Changes: regulations have a significant economic Surveys, Sandhill Crane Survey, and Atlantic Flyway Council: • impact on substantial numbers of small Parts Collection Survey. Delaware—Experimental tundra swan OMB also reviewed and approved the entities under the Regulatory Flexibility season (Yearly updates and Final new reporting and recordkeeping Act (5 U.S.C. 601 et seq.). We analyzed report) requirements identified below and • the economic impacts of the annual Florida—Experimental teal-only assigned OMB Control Number 1018– hunting regulations on small business season (Yearly updates and Final 0171, ‘‘Establishment of Annual entities in detail as part of the 1981 cost- report) Migratory Bird Hunting Seasons, 50 CFR benefit analysis. This analysis was Mississippi Flyway Council: part 20’’: • revised annually from 1990–95. In 1995, (1) Information Requested to Establish Alabama—Experimental sandhill the Service issued a Small Entity Annual Migratory Bird Hunting crane season (Yearly updates and Flexibility Analysis (Analysis), which Seasons: Final report) was subsequently updated in 1996, (A) Tribes that wish to use the Central Flyway Council: • 1998, 2004, 2008, 2013, and 2018. The guidelines to establish special hunting Nebraska—Experimental teal season primary source of information about (Yearly updates and Final report) regulations for the annual migratory • hunter expenditures for migratory game game bird hunting season are required New Mexico—Experimental bird hunting is the National Hunting to submit a proposal that includes: sandhill crane season in Estancia Valley and Fishing Survey, which is conducted (Yearly updates and Final report) (i) The requested migratory game bird • at 5-year intervals. The 2018 Analysis hunting season dates and other details Wyoming—Split (3-way) season for was based on the 2011 National Hunting regarding the proposed regulations; Canada geese (Final report only) and Fishing Survey and the U.S. (ii) Harvest anticipated under the Pacific Flyway Council: Department of Commerce’s County proposed regulations; and • California—Zones and split season Business Patterns, from which it was (iii) Tribal capabilities to enforce for white-fronted geese (Final report estimated that migratory bird hunters migratory game bird hunting only) would spend approximately $1.5 billion regulations. (B) Additional State-specific Annual at small businesses in 2018. Copies of For those situations where it could be Reports (unless otherwise indicated the Analysis are available upon request shown that failure to limit Tribal these are annual reports): from the Division of Migratory Bird harvest could seriously impact the State specific: Management (see FOR FURTHER migratory game bird resource, we also • Arizona—Sandhill crane racial INFORMATION CONTACT) or from http:// request information on the methods composition of the harvest conducted at www.regulations.gov at Docket No. employed to monitor harvest and any 3-year intervals. FWS–HQ–MB–2017–0028. potential steps taken to limit level of • North Carolina and Virginia— Small Business Regulatory Enforcement harvest. A tribe that desires the earliest Tundra swan harvest and hunter Fairness Act possible opening of the migratory game participation data. bird season for nontribal members • Montana (Central Flyway portion), This final rule is a major rule under should specify this request in its North Dakota, and South Dakota— 5 U.S.C. 804(2), the Small Business proposal, rather than request a date that Tundra swan harvest and hunter Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act. might not be within the final Federal participation data. For the reasons outlined above, this rule frameworks. Similarly, unless a tribe • Montana (Pacific Flyway portion)— would have an annual effect on the wishes to set more restrictive Swan harvest-monitoring program to economy of $100 million or more. regulations than Federal regulations will measure species composition. However, because this rule would permit for nontribal members, the • Montana (Pacific Flyway portion), establish hunting seasons, we do not proposal should request the same daily Utah, and Nevada—Swan harvest-

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monitoring program to measure the Officer, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Federalism Effects species composition and report 5275 Leesburg Pike, MS: BPHC, Falls _ Due to the migratory nature of certain detailing swan harvest, hunter Church, VA 22041–3803 (mail); or Info species of birds, the Federal participation, reporting compliance, and [email protected] (email). Please reference Government has been given monitoring of swam populations in OMB Control Number 1018–BB73/0171 responsibility over these species by the designated hunt areas. in the subject line of your comments. Migratory Bird Treaty Act. We annually Reports and monitoring are used for a Unfunded Mandates Reform Act prescribe frameworks from which the variety of reasons. Some are used to States make selections regarding the We have determined and certify, in monitor species composition of the hunting of migratory birds, and we compliance with the requirements of the harvest for those areas where species employ guidelines to establish special Unfunded Mandates Reform Act, 2 intermingling can confound harvest regulations on Federal Indian U.S.C. 1502 et seq., that this rulemaking management and potential overharvest reservations and ceded lands. This would not impose a cost of $100 million of one species can be a management process preserves the ability of the or more in any given year on local or concern. Others are used to determine States and tribes to determine which State government or private entities. overall harvest for those species and/or seasons meet their individual needs. Therefore, this rule is not a ‘‘significant areas that are not sampled well by our Any State or Indian tribe may be more regulatory action’’ under the Unfunded overall harvest surveys due to either the restrictive than the Federal frameworks Mandates Reform Act. limited nature/area of the hunt or at any time. The frameworks are season or where the harvest needs to Civil Justice Reform—Executive Order developed in a cooperative process with closely monitored. Experimental season 12988 the States and the Flyway Councils. reports are used to determine whether The Department, in promulgating this This process allows States to participate the experimental season is achieving its in the development of frameworks from intended goals and objectives, without rule, has determined that this rule will not unduly burden the judicial system which they will make selections, causing unintended harm to other thereby having an influence on their species and ultimately whether the and that it meets the requirements of sections 3(a) and 3(b)(2) of E.O. 12988. own regulations. These rules do not experimental season should proceed to have a substantial direct effect on fiscal operational status. Most experimental Takings Implication Assessment capacity, change the roles or seasons are 3-year trials with yearly responsibilities of Federal or State reports and a final report. Most of the In accordance with E.O. 12630, this rule, authorized by the Migratory Bird governments, or intrude on State policy other reports and monitoring are or administration. Therefore, in conducted either annually or at 3-year Treaty Act, does not have significant takings implications and does not affect accordance with E.O. 13132, these intervals. regulations do not have significant During the proposed rule stage, we any constitutionally protected property federalism effects and do not have solicited comments on the above rights. This rule would not result in the sufficient federalism implications to information collection requirements. We physical occupancy of property, the warrant the preparation of a federalism received two comments in response to physical invasion of property, or the summary impact statement. the proposed rule but neither addressed regulatory taking of any property. In the information collection requirements. fact, this rule would allow hunters to Regulations Promulgation We have discussed other comments exercise otherwise unavailable privileges and, therefore, reduce The rulemaking process for migratory received in the preamble above. game bird hunting, by its nature, Title: Establishment of Annual restrictions on the use of private and public property. operates under a time constraint as Migratory Bird Hunting Seasons, 50 CFR seasons must be established each year or part 20. Energy Effects—Executive Order 13211 hunting seasons remain closed. OMB Control Number: 1018–0171. However, we intend that the public be Service Form Number: None. E.O. 13211 requires agencies to provided extensive opportunity for Type of Request: New. prepare Statements of Energy Effects Description of Respondents: State and when undertaking certain actions. public input and involvement in Tribal governments. While this rule is a significant compliance with Administrative Respondent’s Obligation: Required to regulatory action under E.O. 12866, it is Procedure Act requirements. Thus, obtain or retain a benefit. not expected to adversely affect energy when the preliminary proposed Frequency of Collection: Annually. supplies, distribution, or use. Therefore, rulemaking was published, we Estimated Number of Annual this action is not a significant energy established what we concluded were the Respondents: 82 (from 52 State action and no Statement of Energy longest periods possible for public governments and Territories and 30 Effects is required. comment and the most opportunities for public involvement. We also provided Tribal governments). Government-to-Government Estimated Number of Annual notification of our participation in Relationship With Tribes Responses: 99 (includes State multiple Flyway Council meetings, governments, Tribal governments and In accordance with the President’s opportunities for additional public Reports). memorandum of April 29, 1994, review and comment on all Flyway Average Completion Time per ‘‘Government-to-Government Relations Council proposals for regulatory change, Response: Varies from 4 hours to 650 with Native American Tribal and opportunities for additional public hours, depending on the activity. Governments’’ (59 FR 22951), E.O. review during the SRC meeting. Estimated Total Annual Burden 13175, and 512 DM 2, we have Therefore, sufficient public notice and Hours: 9,878. evaluated possible effects on Federally opportunity for involvement have been Estimated Annual Non-hour Burden recognized Indian tribes and have given to affected persons regarding the Cost: None. determined that there are no effects on migratory bird hunting frameworks for You may send comments on this Indian trust resources. We have the 2018–19 hunting seasons. Further, information collection to the Service consulted with Tribes affected by this after establishment of the final Information Collection Clearance rule. frameworks, States need sufficient time

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to conduct their own public processes to specified, from one-half hour before Oregon, Utah, Washington, and those select season dates and limits; to sunrise to sunset daily. portions of Colorado, Montana, New communicate those selections to us; and Possession Limits: Unless otherwise Mexico, and Wyoming not included in to establish and publicize the necessary specified, possession limits are three the Central Flyway. times the daily bag limit. regulations and procedures to Duck Management Units implement their decisions. Thus, if Permits: For some species of there were a delay in the effective date migratory birds, the Service authorizes High Plains Mallard Management of these regulations after this final the use of permits to regulate harvest or Unit: Roughly defined as that portion of rulemaking, States might not be able to monitor their take by sport hunters, or the Central Flyway that lies west of the meet their own administrative needs both. In many cases (e.g., tundra swans, 100th meridian. See Area, Unit, and and requirements. some sandhill crane populations), the Zone Descriptions, Ducks (Including For the reasons cited above, we find Service determines the amount of Mergansers) and Coots for specific that ‘‘good cause’’ exists, within the harvest that may be taken during boundaries in each State. terms of 5 U.S.C. 553(d)(3) of the hunting seasons during its formal Columbia Basin Mallard Management Administrative Procedure Act, and regulations-setting process, and the Unit: In Washington, all areas east of the these frameworks will take effect States then issue permits to hunters at Pacific Crest Trail and east of the Big immediately upon publication. levels predicted to result in the amount White Salmon River in Klickitat County; and in Oregon, the counties of Gilliam, Therefore, under authority of the of take authorized by the Service. Thus, Morrow, and Umatilla. Migratory Bird Treaty Act (July 3, 1918), although issued by States, the permits as amended (16 U.S.C. 703–711), we would not be valid unless the Service Mourning Dove Management Units prescribe final frameworks setting forth approved such take in its regulations. Eastern Management Unit: All States These Federally authorized, State- the species to be hunted, the daily bag east of the Mississippi River, and and possession limits, the shooting issued permits are issued to individuals, Louisiana. hours, the season lengths, the earliest and only the individual whose name Central Management Unit: Arkansas, opening and latest closing season dates, and address appears on the permit at the Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, and hunting areas, from which State time of issuance is authorized to take Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New conservation agency officials will select migratory birds at levels specified in the Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South hunting season dates and other options. permit, in accordance with provisions of Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming. Upon receipt of season selections from both Federal and State regulations Western Management Unit: Arizona, these officials, we will publish a final governing the hunting season. The California, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, rulemaking amending 50 CFR part 20 to permit must be carried by the permittee and Washington. reflect seasons, limits, and shooting when exercising its provisions and must Woodcock Management Regions hours for the United States for the 2018– be presented to any law enforcement 19 seasons. The rules that eventually officer upon request. The permit is not Eastern Management Region: will be promulgated for the 2018–19 transferrable or assignable to another Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, hunting season are authorized under 16 individual, and may not be sold, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New U.S.C. 703–712 and 742 a–j. bartered, traded, or otherwise provided Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, to another person. If the permit is North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode List of Subjects in 50 CFR Part 20 altered or defaced in any way, the Island, South Carolina, Vermont, Exports, Hunting, Imports, Reporting permit becomes invalid. Virginia, and West Virginia. Central Management Region: and recordkeeping requirements, Flyways and Management Units Transportation, Wildlife. Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Dated: April 25, 2018. Waterfowl Flyways Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Atlantic Flyway: Includes Susan Combs, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Senior Advisor to the Secretary, Exercising Oklahoma, South Dakota, Tennessee, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New the Authority of the Assistant Secretary for Texas, and Wisconsin. Fish and Wildlife and Parks. Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Other geographic descriptions are North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Rhode Final Regulations Frameworks for contained in a later portion of this Island, South Carolina, Vermont, 2018–19 Hunting Seasons on Certain document. Virginia, and West Virginia. Migratory Game Birds Mississippi Flyway: Includes Definitions Pursuant to the Migratory Bird Treaty Alabama, Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, For the purpose of the hunting Act and delegated authorities, the Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, regulations listed below, the collective Department of the Interior approved the Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, terms ‘‘dark’’ and ‘‘light’’ geese include following frameworks for season Tennessee, and Wisconsin. the following species: lengths, shooting hours, bag and Central Flyway: Includes Colorado Dark geese: Canada geese, white- possession limits, and outside dates (east of the Continental Divide), Kansas, fronted geese, brant (except in Alaska, within which States may select seasons Montana (Counties of Blaine, Carbon, California, Oregon, Washington, and the for hunting migratory game birds Fergus, Judith Basin, Stillwater, Atlantic Flyway), and all other goose between the dates of September 1, 2018, Sweetgrass, Wheatland, and all counties species except light geese. and March 10, 2019. These frameworks east thereof), Nebraska, New Mexico Light geese: Snow (including blue) are summarized below. (east of the Continental Divide except geese and Ross’s geese. the Jicarilla Apache Indian Reservation), Area, Zone, and Unit Descriptions: General North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Geographic descriptions related to Dates: All outside dates noted below Texas, and Wyoming (east of the regulations are contained in a later are inclusive. Continental Divide). portion of this document. Shooting and Hawking (taking by Pacific Flyway: Includes Alaska, Area-Specific Provisions: Frameworks falconry) Hours: Unless otherwise Arizona, California, Idaho, Nevada, for open seasons, season lengths, bag

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and possession limits, and other special Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Tennessee, ducks, 2 redheads, 2 scaup, 2 provisions are listed below by Flyway. and Wisconsin. canvasbacks, 4 scoters, 4 eiders, and 4 Central Flyway: Colorado (part), long-tailed ducks. Migratory Game Bird Seasons in the Kansas, Nebraska, New Mexico (part), Closures: The season on harlequin Atlantic Flyway Oklahoma, and Texas. ducks is closed. In the Atlantic Flyway States of Hunting Seasons and Daily Bag Merganser Limits: The daily bag limit Connecticut, Delaware, Maine, Limits: Not to exceed 16 consecutive of mergansers is 5, only 2 of which may Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, hunting days in the Atlantic, be hooded mergansers. In States that North Carolina, and Pennsylvania, Mississippi, and Central Flyways. The include mergansers in the duck bag where Sunday hunting is prohibited daily bag limit is 6 teal. limit, the daily limit is the same as the Statewide by State law, all Sundays are Shooting Hours duck bag limit, only 2 of which may be closed to the take of all migratory game hooded mergansers. birds. Atlantic Flyway: One-half hour before Coot Limits: The daily bag limit is 15 sunrise to sunset, except in South coots. Special Youth Waterfowl Hunting Days Carolina, where the hours are from Lake Champlain Zone, New York: The Outside Dates: States may select 2 sunrise to sunset. waterfowl seasons, limits, and shooting days per duck-hunting zone, designated Mississippi and Central Flyways: One- hours should be the same as those as ‘‘Youth Waterfowl Hunting Days,’’ in half hour before sunrise to sunset, selected for the Lake Champlain Zone of addition to their regular duck seasons. except in the States of Arkansas, Vermont. The days must be held outside any Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Connecticut River Zone, Vermont: regular duck season on weekends, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, and The waterfowl seasons, limits, and holidays, or other non-school days Wisconsin, where the hours are from shooting hours should be the same as when youth hunters would have the sunrise to sunset. those selected for the Inland Zone of maximum opportunity to participate. Special September Duck Seasons New Hampshire. The days may be held up to 14 days Zoning and Split Seasons: Delaware, Florida, Kentucky, and Tennessee: In before or after any regular duck-season Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North lieu of a special September teal season, frameworks or within any split of a Carolina, Rhode Island, South Carolina, a 5-consecutive-day teal/wood duck regular duck season, or within any other Virginia, and West Virginia may split season may be selected in September. open season on migratory birds. their seasons into three segments; The daily bag limit may not exceed 6 Daily Bag Limits: The daily bag limits Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, teal and wood ducks in the aggregate, of may include ducks, geese, tundra New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, which no more than 2 may be wood swans, mergansers, coots, moorhens, Pennsylvania, and Vermont may select ducks. In addition, a 4-consecutive-day and gallinules and would be the same hunting seasons by zones and may split teal-only season may be selected in as those allowed in the regular season. their seasons into two segments in each September either immediately before or Flyway species and area restrictions zone. immediately after the 5-consecutive-day would remain in effect. teal/wood duck season. The daily bag Scoters, Eiders, and Long-tailed Ducks Shooting Hours: One-half hour before limit is 6 teal. The teal-only seasons in Special Sea Duck Seasons sunrise to sunset. Florida and Tennessee are experimental. Participation Restrictions: States may Iowa: In lieu of an experimental Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, use their established definition of age special September teal season, Iowa may Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New for youth hunters. However, youth hold up to 5 days of its regular duck Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, hunters may not be over the age of 17. hunting season in September. All ducks North Carolina, Rhode Island, South In addition, an adult at least 18 years of that are legal during the regular duck Carolina, and Virginia may select a age must accompany the youth hunter season may be taken during the Special Sea Duck Season in designated into the field. This adult may not duck September segment of the season. The Special Sea Duck Areas. If a Special Sea hunt but may participate in other September season segment may Duck Season is selected, scoters, eiders, seasons that are open on the special commence no earlier than the Saturday and long-tailed ducks may be taken in youth day. Youth hunters 16 years of nearest September 20 (September 22). the designated Special Sea Duck Area(s) age and older must possess a Federal The daily bag and possession limits will only during the Special Sea Duck Migratory Bird Hunting and be the same as those in effect during the Season dates; scoters, eiders, and long- Conservation Stamp (also known as remainder of the regular duck season. tailed ducks may be taken outside of Federal Duck Stamp). Tundra swans The remainder of the regular duck Special Sea Duck Area(s) during the may only be taken by participants season may not begin before October 10. regular duck season, in accordance with possessing applicable tundra swan the frameworks for ducks, mergansers, permits. Waterfowl and coots specified above. Special September Teal Season Atlantic Flyway Outside Dates: Between September 15 and January 31. Outside Dates: Between September 1 Ducks, Mergansers, and Coots Special Sea Duck Seasons and Daily and September 30, an open season on Outside Dates: Between the Saturday Bag Limits: 60 consecutive hunting all species of teal may be selected by the nearest September 24 (September 22) days, or 60 days that are concurrent following States in areas delineated by and the last Sunday in January (January with the regular duck season, with a State regulations: 27). daily bag limit of 5, of the listed sea Atlantic Flyway: Delaware, Florida, Hunting Seasons and Duck Limits: 60 duck species, including no more than 4 Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, days. The daily bag limit is 6 ducks, scoters, 4 eiders, and 4 long-tailed South Carolina, and Virginia. including no more than 4 mallards (no ducks. Within the special sea duck Mississippi Flyway: Alabama, more than 2 of which can be females), areas, during the regular duck season in Arkansas, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, 2 black ducks, 2 pintails, 1 mottled the Atlantic Flyway, States may choose Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, duck, 1 fulvous whistling duck, 3 wood to allow the above sea duck limits in

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addition to the limits applying to other Regular Canada Goose Seasons New Hampshire ducks during the regular season. In all Season Lengths, Outside Dates, and A 60-day season may be held other areas, sea ducks may be taken only Limits: Specific regulations for Canada Statewide between October 1 and during the regular open season for geese are shown below by State. These January 31 with a 2-bird daily bag limit. ducks and are part of the regular duck seasons may also include white-fronted New Jersey season daily bag (not to exceed 4 geese in an aggregate daily bag limit. scoters, 4 eiders, and 4 long-tailed Unless specified otherwise, seasons may AP Zone: A 50-day season may be ducks) and possession limits. be split into two segments. held between the fourth Saturday in Special Sea Duck Areas: In all coastal October (October 27) and February 5, Connecticut waters and all waters of rivers and with a 3-bird daily bag limit. streams seaward from the first upstream North Atlantic Population (NAP) RP Zone: An 80-day season may be bridge in Maine, New Hampshire, Zone: Between October 1 and January held between the fourth Saturday in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, 31, a 60-day season may be held with October (October 27) and February 15, Connecticut, and New York; in New a 2-bird daily bag limit. with a 5-bird daily bag limit. The season Jersey, all coastal waters seaward from Atlantic Population (AP) Zone: A 50- may be split into 3 segments. the International Regulations for day season may be held between Special Late Goose Season Area: A Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGS) October 10 and February 5, with a 3- special season may be held in Demarcation Lines shown on National bird daily bag limit. designated areas of North and South Oceanic and Atmospheric South Zone: A special season may be New Jersey from January 15 to February Administration (NOAA) Nautical Charts held between January 15 and February 15, with a 5-bird daily bag limit. and further described in 33 CFR 80.165, 15, with a 5-bird daily bag limit. New York 80.501, 80.502, and 80.503; in any Resident Population (RP) Zone: An waters of the Atlantic Ocean and in any 80-day season may be held between NAP Zone: Between October 1 and tidal waters of any bay that are October 1 and February 15, with a 5- January 31, a 60-day season may be separated by at least 1 mile of open bird daily bag limit. The season may be held, with a 2-bird daily bag limit in the water from any shore, island, and split into 3 segments. High Harvest areas; and between October 1 and February 15, a 70-day emergent vegetation in South Carolina Delaware and Georgia; and in any waters of the season may be held, with a 3-bird daily Atlantic Ocean and in any tidal waters A 50-day season may be held between bag limit in the Low Harvest areas. of any bay that are separated by at least November 15 and February 5, with a 2- AP Zone: A 50-day season may be 800 yards of open water from any shore, bird daily bag limit. held between the fourth Saturday in October (October 27), except in the Lake island, and emergent vegetation in Florida Delaware, Maryland, North Carolina, Champlain Area where the opening date and Virginia; and provided that any An 80-day season may be held is October 10, through February 5, with such areas have been described, between October 1 and March 10, with a 3-bird daily bag limit. delineated, and designated as special a 5-bird daily bag limit. The season may Western Long Island RP Zone: A 107- sea duck hunting areas under the be split into 3 segments. day season may be held between the Saturday nearest September 24 hunting regulations adopted by the Georgia respective States. (September 22) and March 10, with an An 80-day season may be held 8-bird daily bag limit. The season may Canada Geese between October 1 and March 10, with be split into 3 segments. Special Early Canada Goose Seasons a 5-bird daily bag limit. The season may Rest of State RP Zone: An 80-day be split into 3 segments. season may be held between the fourth Saturday in October (October 27) and A Canada goose season of up to 15 Maine days during September 1–15 may be March 10, with a 5-bird daily bag limit. selected for the Eastern Unit of A 60-day season may be held The season may be split into 3 Maryland. Seasons not to exceed 30 Statewide between October 1 and segments. January 31, with a 2-bird daily bag limit. days during September 1–30 may be North Carolina selected for Connecticut, Florida, Maryland Georgia, New Jersey, New York (Long RP Zone: An 80-day season may be Island Zone only), North Carolina, RP Zone: An 80-day season may be held between October 1 and March 10, Rhode Island, and South Carolina. held between November 15 and March with a 5-bird daily bag limit. The season Seasons may not exceed 25 days during 10, with a 5-bird daily bag limit. The may be split into 3 segments. September 1–25 in the remainder of the season may be split into 3 segments. Northeast Hunt Unit: A 14-day season Flyway. Areas open to the hunting of AP Zone: A 50-day season may be may be held between the Saturday prior Canada geese must be described, held between November 15 and to December 25 (December 22) and delineated, and designated as such in February 5, with a 2-bird daily bag limit. January 31, with a 1-bird daily bag limit. each State’s hunting regulations. Massachusetts Pennsylvania Daily Bag Limits: Not to exceed 15 NAP Zone: A 60-day season may be SJBP Zone: A 78-day season may be Canada geese. held between October 1 and January 31, held between the first Saturday in Shooting Hours: One-half hour before with a 2-bird daily bag limit. October (October 6) and February 15, sunrise to sunset, except that during any Additionally, a special season may be with a 3-bird daily bag limit. special early Canada goose season, held from January 15 to February 15, RP Zone: An 80-day season may be shooting hours may extend to one-half with a 5-bird daily bag limit. held between the fourth Saturday in hour after sunset if all other waterfowl AP Zone: A 50-day season may be October (October 27) and March 10, seasons are closed in the specific held between October 10 and February with a 5-bird daily bag limit. The season applicable area. 5, with a 3-bird daily bag limit. may be split into 3 segments.

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AP Zone: A 50-day season may be Mississippi Flyway an aggregate goose bag limit with either held between the fourth Saturday in Canada geese, white-fronted geese, or Ducks, Mergansers, and Coots October (October 27) and February 5, dark geese. with a 3-bird daily bag limit. Outside Dates: Between the Saturday Light Geese: States may select seasons nearest September 24 (September 22) for light geese not to exceed 107 days, Rhode Island and the last Sunday in January (January with 20 geese daily between September A 60-day season may be held between 27). 1 and February 15. There is no October 1 and January 31, with a 2-bird Hunting Seasons and Duck Limits: possession limit for light geese. daily bag limit. A special late season The season may not exceed 60 days, Shooting Hours: One-half hour before may be held in designated areas from with a daily bag limit of 6 ducks, sunrise to sunset, except that during January 15 to February 15, with a 5-bird including no more than 4 mallards (no September 1–15 shooting hours may daily bag limit. more than 2 of which may be females), extend to one-half hour after sunset for 1 mottled duck, 2 black ducks, 2 Canada geese if all other waterfowl and South Carolina pintails, 3 wood ducks, 2 canvasbacks, crane seasons are closed in the specific In designated areas, an 80-day season 3 scaup, and 2 redheads. applicable area. may be held between October 1 and Merganser Limits: The daily bag limit Split Seasons: Seasons for geese may March 10, with a 5-bird daily bag limit. is 5, only 2 of which may be hooded be split into four segments unless The season may be split into 3 mergansers. In States that include otherwise indicated. segments. mergansers in the duck bag limit, the daily limit is the same as the duck bag Central Flyway Vermont limit, only 2 of which may be hooded Ducks, Mergansers, and Coots mergansers. Lake Champlain Zone and Interior Outside Dates: Between the Saturday Coot Limits: The daily bag limit is 15 Zone: A 50-day season may be held nearest September 24 (September 22) coots. between October 10 and February 5, and the last Sunday in January (January Zoning and Split Seasons: Illinois, with a 3-bird daily bag limit. 27). Connecticut River Zone: A 60-day Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, season may be held between October 1 Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, Hunting Seasons and January 31, with a 2-bird daily bag Tennessee, and Wisconsin may select High Plains Mallard Management limit. hunting seasons by zones. Unit (roughly defined as that portion of In Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Virginia the Central Flyway that lies west of the Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, 100th meridian): 97 days. The last 23 SJBP Zone: A 40-day season may be Missouri, Ohio, Tennessee, and days must run consecutively and may held between November 15 and January Wisconsin, the season may be split into start no earlier than the Saturday nearest 14, with a 3-bird daily bag limit. two segments in each zone. December 10 (December 8). Additionally, a special late season may In Alabama, Arkansas, and Remainder of the Central Flyway: 74 be held between January 15 and Mississippi, the season may be split into days. February 15, with a 5-bird daily bag three segments. Duck Limits: The daily bag limit is 6 limit. Geese ducks, with species and sex restrictions AP Zone: A 50-day season may be as follows: 5 Mallards (no more than 2 held between November 15 and Season Lengths, Outside Dates, and of which may be females), 3 scaup, 2 February 5, with a 2-bird daily bag limit. Limits redheads, 3 wood ducks, 2 pintails, and RP Zone: An 80-day season may be Canada Geese: States may select 2 canvasbacks. In Texas, the daily bag held between November 15 and March seasons for Canada geese not to exceed limit on mottled ducks is 1, except that 10, with a 5-bird daily bag limit. The 107 days with a 5-bird daily bag limit no mottled ducks may be taken during season may be split into 3 segments. during September 1–30, and a 3-bird the first 5 days of the season. In addition daily bag limit for the remainder of the to the daily limits listed above, the West Virginia season. Seasons may be held between States of Montana, North Dakota, South An 80-day season may be held September 1 and February 15, and may Dakota, and Wyoming, in lieu of between October 1 and March 10, with be split into 4 segments. selecting an experimental September a 5-bird daily bag limit. The season may White-fronted Geese and Brant: teal season, may include an additional be split into 3 segments in each zone. Arkansas, Illinois, Louisiana, Kentucky, daily bag and possession limit of 2 and Missouri, Mississippi, and Tennessee 6 blue-winged teal, respectively, during Light Geese may select a season for white-fronted the first 16 days of the regular duck Season Lengths, Outside Dates, and geese not to exceed 74 days with 3 geese season in each respective duck hunting Limits: States may select a 107-day daily, or 88 days with 2 geese daily, or zone. These extra limits are in addition season between October 1 and March 107 days with 1 goose daily between to the regular duck bag and possession 10, with a 25-bird daily bag limit and no September 1 and February 15; Alabama, limits. possession limit. States may split their Iowa, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Merganser Limits: The daily bag limit seasons into three segments. Ohio, and Wisconsin may select a is 5 mergansers, only 2 of which may be season for white-fronted geese not to hooded mergansers. In States that Brant exceed 107 days with 5 geese daily, in include mergansers in the duck daily Season Lengths, Outside Dates, and aggregate with dark geese between bag limit, the daily limit may be the Limits: States may select a 60-day September 1 and February 15. States same as the duck bag limit, only two of season between the Saturday nearest may select a season for brant not to which may be hooded mergansers. September 24 (September 22) and exceed 70 days with 2 brant daily, or Coot Limits: The daily bag limit is 15 January 31, with a 2-bird daily bag limit. 107 days with 1 brant daily with outside coots. States may split their seasons into two dates the same as for Canada geese; Zoning and Split Seasons: Colorado, segments. alternately, States may include brant in Kansas (Low Plains portion), Montana,

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Nebraska, New Mexico, Oklahoma (Low The daily bag limit for light geese is 50 geese. Areas open to hunting of Canada Plains portion), South Dakota (Low with no possession limit. geese in each State must be described, Plains portion), Texas (Low Plains Dark Geese: In Kansas, Nebraska, delineated, and designated as such in portion), and Wyoming may select North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, each State’s hunting regulations. and the Eastern Goose Zone of Texas, hunting seasons by zones. Regular Goose Seasons In Colorado, Kansas, Montana, New States may select a season for Canada Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South geese (or any other dark goose species Season Lengths, Outside Dates, and Dakota, Texas, and Wyoming, the except white-fronted geese) not to Limits regular season may be split into two exceed 107 days with a daily bag limit Canada Geese and Brant: Except as segments. of 8. For white-fronted geese, these subsequently noted, 107-day seasons States may select either a season of 74 Geese may be selected with outside dates days with a bag limit of 3, or an 88-day between the Saturday nearest September Special Early Canada Goose Seasons: season with a bag limit of 2, or a season 24 (September 22) and the last Sunday In Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South of 107 days with a bag limit of 1. in January (January 27). In Arizona, Dakota, and Texas, Canada goose In Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New seasons of up to 30 days during and Wyoming, States may select seasons Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming, the daily September 1–30 may be selected. In not to exceed 107 days. The daily bag bag limit is 4 Canada geese and brant in Colorado, New Mexico, Montana, and limit for dark geese is 5 in the aggregate. the aggregate. In California, Oregon, and Wyoming, Canada goose seasons of up In the Western Goose Zone of Texas, Washington, the daily bag limit is 4 to 15 days during September 1–15 may the season may not exceed 95 days. The Canada geese. For brant, Oregon and be selected. In North Dakota, Canada daily bag limit for Canada geese (or any Washington may select a 16-day season goose seasons of up to 22 days during other dark goose species except white- and California a 37-day season. Days September 1–22 may be selected. The fronted geese) is 5. The daily bag limit must be consecutive. Washington and daily bag limit may not exceed 5 Canada for white-fronted geese is 2. California may select hunting seasons geese, except in Kansas, Nebraska, and Pacific Flyway for up to two zones. The daily bag limit Oklahoma, where the daily bag limit is 2 brant and is in addition to other may not exceed 8 Canada geese, and in Ducks, Mergansers, and Coots goose limits. In Oregon and California, North Dakota and South Dakota, where Outside Dates: Between the Saturday the brant season must end no later than the daily bag limit may not exceed 15 nearest September 24 (September 22) December 15. Canada geese. Areas open to the hunting and the last Sunday in January (January White-fronted Geese: Except as of Canada geese must be described, 27). subsequently noted, 107-day seasons delineated, and designated as such in Hunting Seasons and Duck and may be selected with outside dates each State’s hunting regulations. Merganser Limits: 107 days. The daily between the Saturday nearest September Shooting Hours: One-half hour before bag limit is 7 ducks and mergansers, 24 (September 22) and March 10. The sunrise to sunset, except that during including no more than 2 female daily bag limit is 10. September 1–15 shooting hours may mallards, 2 pintails, 2 canvasbacks, 3 Light Geese: Except as subsequently extend to one-half hour after sunset if scaup, and 2 redheads. For scaup, the noted, 107-day seasons may be selected all other waterfowl and crane seasons season length is 86 days, which may be with outside dates between the Saturday are closed in the specific applicable nearest September 24 (September 22) split according to applicable zones and area. and March 10. The daily bag limit is 20. split duck hunting configurations Split Seasons: Unless otherwise Regular Goose Seasons approved for each State. specified, seasons for geese may be split Coot, Common Moorhen, and Purple Split Seasons: Seasons for geese may into up to 3 segments. Three-way split Gallinule Limits: The daily bag limit of be split into three segments. Three-way seasons for Canada geese and white- coots, common moorhens, and purple split seasons for Canada geese require fronted geese require Pacific Flyway gallinules is 25, singly or in the Central Flyway Council and U.S. Fish Council and U.S. Fish and Wildlife aggregate. and Wildlife Service approval, and a 3- Service approval and a 3-year Zoning and Split Seasons: Arizona, year evaluation by each participating evaluation by each participating State. State. California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Outside Dates: For dark geese, seasons Oregon, Utah, Washington, and California may be selected between the outside Wyoming may select hunting seasons by The daily bag limit for Canada geese dates of the Saturday nearest September zones and may split their seasons into is 10. 24 (September 22) and the Sunday two segments. Balance of State Zone: A Canada nearest February 15 (February 17). For Montana and New Mexico may split goose season may be selected with light geese, outside dates for seasons their seasons into three segments. outside dates between the Saturday may be selected between the Saturday Colorado River Zone, California: nearest September 24 (September 22) nearest September 24 (September 22) Seasons and limits should be the same and March 10. In the Sacramento Valley and March 10. In the Rainwater Basin as seasons and limits selected in the Special Management Area, the season Light Goose Area (East and West) of adjacent portion of Arizona (South on white-fronted geese must end on or Nebraska, temporal and spatial Zone). before December 28, and the daily bag restrictions that are consistent with the Geese limit is 3 white-fronted geese. In the late-winter snow goose hunting strategy North Coast Special Management Area, Special Early Canada Goose Seasons cooperatively developed by the Central hunting days that occur after the last Flyway Council and the Service are A Canada goose season of up to 15 Sunday in January (January 27) should required. days during September 1–20 may be be concurrent with Oregon’s South selected. The daily bag limit may not Coast Zone. Season Lengths and Limits exceed 5 Canada geese, except in Pacific Northeastern Zone: The white-fronted Light Geese: States may select a light County, Washington, where the daily goose season may be split into 3 goose season not to exceed 107 days. bag limit may not exceed 15 Canada segments.

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Oregon Swans detailing harvest, hunter participation, The daily bag limit for light geese is In portions of the Pacific Flyway reporting compliance, and monitoring of 6 on or before the last Sunday in (Montana, Nevada, and Utah), an open swan populations in the designated January (January 27). season for taking a limited number of hunt areas. Harney and Lake County Zone: For swans may be selected. Permits will be Tundra Swans Lake County only, the daily white- issued by the State and will authorize In portions of the Atlantic Flyway fronted goose bag limit is 1. each permittee to take no more than 1 (North Carolina and Virginia) and the Northwest Permit Zone: A Canada swan per season with each permit. Central Flyway (North Dakota, South goose season may be selected with Nevada may issue up to 2 permits per Dakota [east of the Missouri River], and outside dates between the Saturday hunter. Montana and Utah may issue that portion of Montana in the Central nearest September 24 (September 22) only 1 permit per hunter. Each State’s Flyway), an open season for taking a and March 10. Goose seasons may be season may open no earlier than the limited number of tundra swans may be split into 3 segments. The daily bag Saturday nearest October 1 (September selected. Permits will be issued by the limits of Canada geese and light geese 29). These seasons are also subject to the States that authorize the take of no more are 6 each. In the Tillamook County following conditions: than 1 tundra swan per permit. A Management Area, the hunting season is Montana: No more than 500 permits second permit may be issued to hunters closed on geese. may be issued. The season must end no from unused permits remaining after the South Coast Zone: A Canada goose later than December 1. The State must first drawing. The States must obtain season may be selected with outside implement a harvest-monitoring harvest and hunter participation data. dates between the Saturday nearest program to measure the species These seasons are also subject to the September 24 (September 22) and composition of the swan harvest and following conditions: March 10. The daily bag limit of Canada should use appropriate measures to geese is 6. Hunting days that occur after maximize hunter compliance in In the Atlantic Flyway the last Sunday in January (January 27) reporting bill measurement and color —The season may be 90 days, between should be concurrent with California’s information. North Coast Special Management Area. October 1 and January 31. Utah: No more than 2,000 permits —In North Carolina, no more than 6,250 Goose seasons may be split into 3 may be issued. During the swan season, segments. permits may be issued. no more than 10 trumpeter swans may —In Virginia, no more than 750 permits Utah be taken. The season must end no later may be issued. than the second Sunday in December A Canada goose and brant season may (December 9) or upon attainment of 10 In the Central Flyway be selected in the Wasatch Front Zone trumpeter swans in the harvest, with outside dates between the Saturday —The season may be 107 days, between whichever occurs earliest. The Utah nearest September 24 (September 22) the Saturday nearest October 1 season remains subject to the terms of and the first Sunday in February (September 29) and January 31. the Memorandum of Agreement entered —In the Central Flyway portion of (February 3). into with the Service in August 2003 Montana, no more than 625 permits Washington regarding harvest monitoring, season may be issued. The daily bag limit for light geese is closure procedures, and education —In North Dakota, no more than 2,500 6. requirements to minimize the take of permits may be issued. Areas 2 Inland and 2 Coastal trumpeter swans during the swan —In South Dakota, no more than 1,875 (Southwest Permit Zone): A Canada season. permits may be issued. Nevada: No more than 650 permits goose season may be selected with Sandhill Cranes outside dates between the Saturday may be issued. During the swan season, nearest September 24 (September 22) no more than 5 trumpeter swans may be Regular Seasons in the Mississippi and March 10. Goose seasons may be taken. The season must end no later Flyway split into 3 segments. than the Sunday following January 1 Outside Dates: Between September 1 Area 4: Goose seasons may be split (January 6) or upon attainment of 5 and February 28 in Minnesota, and into 3 segments. trumpeter swans in the harvest, between September 1 and January 31 in whichever occurs earliest. Kentucky and Tennessee. Permit Zones In addition, the States of Utah and Hunting Seasons: A season not to In Oregon and Washington permit Nevada must implement a harvest- exceed 37 consecutive days may be zones, the hunting season is closed on monitoring program to measure the selected in the designated portion of dusky Canada geese. A dusky Canada species composition of the swan northwestern Minnesota (Northwest goose is any dark-breasted Canada goose harvest. The harvest-monitoring Goose Zone), and a season not to exceed (Munsell 10 YR color value five or less) program must require that all harvested 60 consecutive days in Kentucky and with a bill length between 40 and 50 swans or their species-determinant parts Tennessee. millimeters. Hunting of geese will only be examined by either State or Federal Daily Bag Limit: 1 sandhill crane in be by hunters possessing a State-issued biologists for the purpose of species Minnesota, 2 sandhill cranes in permit authorizing them to do so. classification. The States should use Kentucky, and 3 sandhill cranes in Shooting hours for geese may begin no appropriate measures to maximize Tennessee. In Kentucky and Tennessee, earlier than sunrise. Regular Canada hunter compliance in providing bagged the seasonal bag limit is 3 sandhill goose seasons in the permit zones of swans for examination. Further, the cranes. Oregon and Washington remain subject States of Montana, Nevada, and Utah Permits: Each person participating in to the Memorandum of Understanding must achieve at least an 80-percent the regular sandhill crane seasons must entered into with the Service regarding hunter compliance rate, or subsequent have a valid Federal or State sandhill monitoring the impacts of take during permits will be reduced by 10 percent. crane hunting permit. the regular Canada goose season on the All three States must provide to the Other Provisions: The number of dusky Canada goose population. Service by June 30, 2019, a report permits (where applicable), open areas,

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season dates, protection plans for other requirement to monitor the level and days and may be split into two species, and other provisions of seasons racial composition of the harvest; segments. The daily bag limit is 8 snipe. must be consistent with the greater sandhill cranes in the harvest Zoning: Seasons may be selected by management plans and approved by the will be assigned to the RMP quota. zones established for duck hunting. Mississippi Flyway Council. Common Moorhens and Purple American Woodcock Regular Seasons in the Central Flyway Gallinules Outside Dates: States in the Eastern Outside Dates: Between September 1 Outside Dates: Between September 1 Management Region may select hunting and February 28. and the last Sunday in January (January seasons between October 1 and January Hunting Seasons: Seasons not to 27) in the Atlantic, Mississippi, and 31. States in the Central Management exceed 37 consecutive days may be Central Flyways. States in the Pacific Region may select hunting seasons selected in designated portions of Texas Flyway have been allowed to select between the Saturday nearest September (Area 2). Seasons not to exceed 58 their hunting seasons between the 22 (September 22) and January 31. consecutive days may be selected in outside dates for the season on ducks, Hunting Seasons and Daily Bag designated portions of the following mergansers, and coots; therefore, Limits: Seasons may not exceed 45 days States: Colorado, Kansas, Montana, frameworks for common moorhens and in the Eastern and Central Regions. The North Dakota, South Dakota, and purple gallinules are included with the daily bag limit is 3. Seasons may be split Wyoming. Seasons not to exceed 93 duck, merganser, and coot frameworks. into two segments. consecutive days may be selected in Hunting Seasons and Daily Bag Zoning: New Jersey may select designated portions of the following Limits: Seasons may not exceed 70 days seasons in each of two zones. The States: New Mexico, Oklahoma, and in the Atlantic, Mississippi, and Central season in each zone may not exceed 36 Texas. Flyways. Seasons may be split into 2 days. Daily Bag Limits: 3 sandhill cranes, segments. The daily bag limit is 15 Band-Tailed Pigeons except 2 sandhill cranes in designated common moorhens and purple Pacific Coast States (California, Oregon, portions of North Dakota (Area 2) and gallinules, singly or in the aggregate of Washington, and Nevada) Texas (Area 2). the two species. Permits: Each person participating in Zoning: Seasons may be selected by Outside Dates: Between September 15 the regular sandhill crane season must zones established for duck hunting. and January 1. have a valid Federal or State sandhill Hunting Seasons and Daily Bag crane hunting permit. Rails Limits: Not more than 9 consecutive Special Seasons in the Central and Outside Dates: States included herein days, with a daily bag limit of 2. Pacific Flyways may select seasons between September Zoning: California may select hunting 1 and the last Sunday in January seasons not to exceed 9 consecutive Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, (January 27) on clapper, king, sora, and days in each of two zones. The season New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming may Virginia rails. in the North Zone must close by select seasons for hunting sandhill October 3. cranes within the range of the Rocky Hunting Seasons: Seasons may not Mountains Population (RMP) subject to exceed 70 days, and may be split into Four-Corners States (Arizona, Colorado, the following conditions: 2 segments. New Mexico, and Utah) Outside Dates: Between September 1 Daily Bag Limits Outside Dates: Between September 1 and January 31. and November 30. Clapper and King Rails: In Hunting Seasons: The season in any Hunting Seasons and Daily Bag Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, New State or zone may not exceed 60 days, Limits: Not more than 14 consecutive Jersey, and Rhode Island, 10, singly or and may be split into no more than 3 days, with a daily bag limit of 2. segments. in the aggregate of the two species. In Zoning: New Mexico may select Bag limits: Not to exceed 3 daily and Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, hunting seasons not to exceed 14 9 per season. Mississippi, North Carolina, South consecutive days in each of two zones. Permits: Participants must have a Carolina, Texas, and Virginia, 15, singly The season in the South Zone may not valid permit, issued by the appropriate or in the aggregate of the two species. open until October 1. State, in their possession while hunting. Sora and Virginia Rails: In the Other Provisions: Numbers of permits, Atlantic, Mississippi, and Central Doves open areas, season dates, protection Flyways and the Pacific Flyway Outside Dates: Between September 1 plans for other species, and other portions of Colorado, Montana, New and January 31 in the Eastern provisions of seasons must be consistent Mexico, and Wyoming, 25 rails, singly Management Unit, and between with the management plan and or in the aggregate of the two species. September 1 and January 15 in the approved by the Central and Pacific The season is closed in the remainder of Central and Western Management Units, Flyway Councils, with the following the Pacific Flyway. except as otherwise provided, States exceptions: Snipe may select hunting seasons and daily A. In Utah, 100 percent of the harvest bag limits as follows: will be assigned to the RMP quota; Outside Dates: Between September 1 B. In Arizona, monitoring the racial and February 28, except in Connecticut, Eastern Management Unit composition of the harvest must be Delaware, Maine, Maryland, Hunting Seasons and Daily Bag conducted at 3-year intervals unless Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Limits: Not more than 90 days, with a 100% of the harvest will be assigned to Jersey, New York, Rhode Island, daily bag limit of 15 mourning and the RMP quota; Vermont, and Virginia, where the white-winged doves in the aggregate. C. In Idaho, 100 percent of the harvest season must end no later than January Zoning and Split Seasons: States may will be assigned to the RMP quota; and 31. select hunting seasons in each of two D. In New Mexico, the season in the Hunting Seasons and Daily Bag zones. The season within each zone may Estancia Valley is experimental, with a Limits: Seasons may not exceed 107 be split into not more than three

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periods. Regulations for bag and Arizona and California: Not more White-fronted Geese: The daily bag possession limits, season length, and than 60 days, which may be split limit is 4 with the following exceptions: shooting hours must be uniform within between two periods, September 1–15 A. In Units 9, 10, and 17, the daily bag specific hunting zones. and November 1–January 15. In limit is 6 white-fronted geese. Arizona, during the first segment of the B. In Unit 18, the daily bag limit is 10 Central Management Unit season, the daily bag limit is 15 white-fronted geese. For all States except Texas mourning and white-winged doves in Emperor Geese: Open seasons for Hunting Seasons and Daily Bag the aggregate, of which no more than 10 emperor geese may be selected subject Limits: Not more than 90 days, with a could be white-winged doves. During to the following conditions: A. All seasons are by permit only. daily bag limit of 15 mourning and the remainder of the season, the daily B. No more than 1 emperor goose may white-winged doves in the aggregate. bag limit is 15 mourning doves. In be authorized per permit. Zoning and Split Seasons: States may California, the daily bag limit is 15 C. Total harvest may not exceed 1,000 select hunting seasons in each of two mourning and white-winged doves in emperor geese. zones. The season within each zone may the aggregate, of which no more than 10 could be white-winged doves. D. In State Game Management Unit be split into not more than three 18, the Kodiak Island Road Area is periods. Alaska closed to hunting. The Kodiak Island Texas Outside Dates: Between September 1 Road Area consists of all lands and water (including exposed tidelands) east Hunting Seasons and Daily Bag and January 26. of a line extending from Crag Point in Limits: Not more than 90 days, with a Hunting Seasons: Alaska may select the north to the west end of Saltery daily bag limit of 15 mourning, white- 107 consecutive days for waterfowl, Cove in the south and all lands and winged, and white-tipped doves in the sandhill cranes, and common snipe in water south of a line extending from aggregate, of which no more than 2 may each of 5 zones. The season may be split Termination Point along the north side be white-tipped doves. without penalty in the Kodiak Zone. of Cascade Lake extending to Anton Zoning and Split Seasons: Texas may The seasons in each zone must be Larsen Bay. Marine waters adjacent to select hunting seasons for each of three concurrent. the closed area are closed to harvest zones subject to the following Closures: The hunting season is within 500 feet from the water’s edge. conditions: closed on spectacled eiders and Steller’s A. The hunting season may be split eiders. The offshore islands are open to harvest, for example: Woody, Long, Gull, and into not more than two periods, except Daily Bag and Possession Limits in that portion of Texas in which the Puffin islands. Brant: The daily bag limit is 3. special white-winged dove season is Ducks: Except as noted, a basic daily bag limit of 7 ducks. Daily bag limits in Snipe: The daily bag limit is 8. allowed, where a limited take of Sandhill Cranes: The daily bag limit the North Zone are 10, and in the Gulf mourning and white-tipped doves may is 2 in the Southeast, Gulf Coast, Coast Zone, they are 8. The basic limits also occur during that special season Kodiak, and Aleutian Zones, and Unit may include no more than 2 (see Special White-winged Dove Area in 17 in the North Zone. In the remainder canvasbacks daily and may not include Texas). of the North Zone (outside Unit 17), the sea ducks. B. A season may be selected for the daily bag limit is 3. In addition to the basic duck limits, North and Central Zones between Tundra Swans: Open seasons for Alaska may select sea duck limits of 10 September 1 and January 25; and for the tundra swans may be selected subject to daily, singly or in the aggregate, South Zone between September 14 and the following conditions: January 25. including no more than 6 each of either A. All seasons are by permit only. C. Except as noted above, regulations harlequin or long-tailed ducks. Sea B. All season framework dates are for bag and possession limits, season ducks include scoters, common and September 1–October 31. length, and shooting hours must be king eiders, harlequin ducks, long-tailed C. In Unit 17, no more than 200 uniform within each hunting zone. ducks, and common and red-breasted permits may be issued during this mergansers. Special White-Winged Dove Area in operational season. No more than 3 Light Geese: The daily bag limit is 6. Texas tundra swans may be authorized per Canada Geese: The daily bag limit is permit, with no more than 1 permit In addition, Texas may select a 4 with the following exceptions: issued per hunter per season. hunting season of not more than 4 days A. In Units 5 and 6, the taking of D. In Unit 18, no more than 500 for the Special White-winged Dove Area Canada geese is permitted from permits may be issued during the of the South Zone between September 1 September 28 through December 16. operational season. No more than 3 and September 19. The daily bag limit B. On Middleton Island in Unit 6, a tundra swans may be authorized per may not exceed 15 white-winged, special, permit-only Canada goose permit. No more than 1 permit may be mourning, and white-tipped doves in season may be offered. A mandatory issued per hunter per season. the aggregate, of which no more than 2 goose identification class is required. E. In Unit 22, no more than 300 may be mourning doves and no more Hunters must check in and check out. permits may be issued during the than 2 may be white-tipped doves. The bag limit is 1 daily and 1 in operational season. No more than 3 Western Management Unit possession. The season will close if tundra swans may be authorized per incidental harvest includes 5 dusky permit. No more than 1 permit may be Hunting Seasons and Daily Bag Limits Canada geese. A dusky Canada goose is issued per hunter per season. Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, Utah, and any dark-breasted Canada goose F. In Unit 23, no more than 300 Washington: Not more than 60 days, (Munsell 10 YR color value five or less) permits may be issued during the which may be split between two with a bill length between 40 and 50 operational season. No more than 3 periods. The daily bag limit is 15 millimeters. tundra swans may be authorized per mourning and white-winged doves in C. In Units 9, 10, 17, and 18, the daily permit. No more than 1 permit may be the aggregate. bag limit is 6 Canada geese. issued per hunter per season.

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Hawaii Virgin Islands Area, Unit, and Zone Descriptions Outside Dates: Between October 1 and Doves and Pigeons Ducks (Including Mergansers) and January 31. Outside Dates: Between September 1 Coots Hunting Seasons: Not more than 65 and January 15. Atlantic Flyway days (75 under the alternative) for Hunting Seasons: Not more than 60 Connecticut mourning doves. days for Zenaida doves. Daily Bag and Possession Limits: Not Bag Limits: Not to exceed 15 (12 North Zone: That portion of the State to exceed 10 Zenaida doves. north of I–95. under the alternative) mourning doves. Closed Seasons: No open season is South Zone: Remainder of the State. Note: Mourning doves may be taken in prescribed for ground or quail doves or Hawaii in accordance with shooting hours pigeons. Maine and other regulations set by the State of Closed Areas: There is no open season Hawaii, and subject to the applicable for migratory game birds on Ruth Cay North Zone: That portion north of the provisions of 50 CFR part 20. (just south of St. Croix). line extending east along Maine State Local Names for Certain Birds: Highway 110 from the New Hampshire– Puerto Rico Zenaida dove, also known as mountain Maine State line to the intersection of Doves and Pigeons dove; bridled quail-dove, also known as Maine State Highway 11 in Newfield; Barbary dove or partridge; common then north and east along Route 11 to Outside Dates: Between September 1 ground-dove, also known as stone dove, the intersection of U.S. Route 202 in and January 15. tobacco dove, rola, or tortolita; scaly- Auburn; then north and east on Route Hunting Seasons: Not more than 60 naped pigeon, also known as red-necked 202 to the intersection of I–95 in days. or scaled pigeon. Augusta; then north and east along I–95 to Route 15 in Bangor; then east along Daily Bag and Possession Limits: Not Ducks to exceed 20 Zenaida, mourning, and Route 15 to Route 9; then east along white-winged doves in the aggregate, of Outside Dates: Between December 1 Route 9 to Stony Brook in Baileyville; which not more than 10 may be Zenaida and January 31. then east along Stony Brook to the U.S. Hunting Seasons: Not more than 55 doves and 3 may be mourning doves. border. consecutive days. Not to exceed 5 scaly-naped pigeons. Coastal Zone: That portion south of a Daily Bag Limits: Not to exceed 6. line extending east from the Maine–New Closed Seasons: The season is closed Closed Seasons: The season is closed Brunswick border in Calais at the Route on the white-crowned pigeon and the on the ruddy duck, white-cheeked 1 Bridge; then south along Route 1 to plain pigeon, which are protected by the pintail, West Indian whistling duck, the Maine–New Hampshire border in Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. fulvous whistling duck, and masked Kittery. Closed Areas: There is no open season duck. South Zone: Remainder of the State. on doves or pigeons in the following Special Falconry Regulations areas: Municipality of Culebra, Maryland Desecheo Island, Mona Island, El Verde In accordance with 50 CFR 21.29, falconry is a permitted means of taking Special Teal Season Area: Calvert, Closure Area, and Cidra Municipality Caroline, Cecil, Dorchester, Harford, and adjacent areas. migratory game birds in any State except for Hawaii. States may select an Kent, Queen Anne’s, St. Mary’s, Ducks, Coots, Moorhens, Gallinules, and extended season for taking migratory Somerset, Talbot, Wicomico, and Snipe game birds in accordance with the Worcester Counties; that part of Anne following: Arundel County east of Interstate 895, Outside Dates: Between October 1 and Extended Seasons: For all hunting Interstate 97, and Route 3; that part of January 31. methods combined, the combined Prince George’s County east of Route 3 Hunting Seasons: Not more than 55 length of the extended season, regular and Route 301; and that part of Charles days may be selected for hunting ducks, season, and any special or experimental County east of Route 301 to the Virginia common moorhens, and common snipe. seasons must not exceed 107 days for State Line. The season may be split into two any species or group of species in a Massachusetts segments. geographical area. Each extended season Western Zone: That portion of the Daily Bag Limits may be divided into a maximum of 3 segments. State west of a line extending south Ducks: Not to exceed 6. Framework Dates: Seasons must fall from the Vermont State line on I–91 to Common Moorhens: Not to exceed 6. between September 1 and March 10. MA 9, west on MA 9 to MA 10, south Daily Bag Limits: Falconry daily bag on MA 10 to U.S. 202, south on U.S. 202 Common Snipe: Not to exceed 8. limits for all permitted migratory game to the Connecticut State line. Closed Seasons: The season is closed birds must not exceed 3 birds, singly or Central Zone: That portion of the on the ruddy duck, white-cheeked in the aggregate, during extended State east of the Berkshire Zone and pintail, West Indian whistling duck, falconry seasons, any special or west of a line extending south from the fulvous whistling duck, and masked experimental seasons, and regular New Hampshire State line on I–95 to duck, which are protected by the hunting seasons in all States, including U.S. 1, south on U.S. 1 to I–93, south on Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. The those that do not select an extended I–93 to MA 3, south on MA 3 to U.S. season also is closed on the purple falconry season. 6, west on U.S. 6 to MA 28, west on MA gallinule, American coot, and Caribbean Regular Seasons: General hunting 28 to I–195, west to the Rhode Island coot. regulations, including seasons and State line; except the waters, and the Closed Areas: There is no open season hunting hours, apply to falconry. lands 150 yards inland from the high- on ducks, common moorhens, and Regular season bag limits do not apply water mark, of the Assonet River common snipe in the Municipality of to falconry. The falconry bag limit is not upstream to the MA 24 bridge, and the Culebra and on Desecheo Island. in addition to gun limits. Taunton River upstream to the Center

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St.–Elm St. bridge shall be in the Coastal Parkway to NJ 109; south on NJ 109 to Northwest Zone: The area bounded on Zone. Cape May County Route 633 (Lafayette the north by the Lake Erie Zone and Coastal Zone: That portion of Street); south on Lafayette Street to including all of Erie and Crawford Massachusetts east and south of the Jackson Street; south on Jackson Street Counties and those portions of Mercer Central Zone. to the shoreline at Cape May; west along and Venango Counties north of I–80. New Hampshire the shoreline of Cape May beach to North Zone: That portion of the State COLREGS Demarcation Line 80.503 at east of the Northwest Zone and north of Northern Zone: That portion of the Cape May Point; south along COLREGS a line extending east on I–80 to U.S. State east and north of the Inland Zone Demarcation Line 80.503 to the 220, Route 220 to I–180, I–180 to I–80, beginning at the Jct. of Rte. 10 and Rte. Delaware State line in Delaware Bay. and I–80 to the Delaware River. 25–A in Orford, east on Rte. 25–A to North Zone: That portion of the State South Zone: The remaining portion of Rte. 25 in Wentworth, southeast on Rte. west of the Coastal Zone and north of Pennsylvania. 25 to Exit 26 of Rte. I–93 in Plymouth, a line extending west from the Garden Vermont south on Rte. I–93 to Rte. 3 at Exit 24 State Parkway on NJ 70 to the New of Rte. I–93 in Ashland, northeast on Jersey Turnpike, north on the turnpike Lake Champlain Zone: The U.S. Rte. 3 to Rte. 113 in Holderness, north to U.S. 206, north on U.S. 206 to U.S. portion of Lake Champlain and that area on Rte. 113 to Rte. 113–A in Sandwich, 1 at Trenton, west on U.S. 1 to the north and west of the line extending north on Rte. 113–A to Rte. 113 in Pennsylvania State line in the Delaware from the New York border along U.S. 4 Tamworth, east on Rte. 113 to Rte. 16 River. to VT 22A at Fair Haven; VT 22A to U.S. in Chocorua, north on Rte. 16 to Rte. South Zone: That portion of the State 7 at Vergennes; U.S. 7 to VT 78 at 302 in Conway, east on Rte. 302 to the not within the North Zone or the Coastal Swanton; VT 78 to VT 36; VT 36 to Maine–New Hampshire border. Zone. Maquam Bay on Lake Champlain; along Inland Zone: That portion of the State and around the shoreline of Maquam New York south and west of the Northern Zone, Bay and Hog Island to VT 78 at the West west of the Coastal Zone, and includes Lake Champlain Zone: That area east Swanton Bridge; VT 78 to VT 2 in the area of Vermont and New and north of a continuous line Alburg; VT 2 to the Richelieu River in Hampshire as described for hunting extending along U.S. 11 from the New Alburg; along the east shore of the reciprocity. A person holding a New York–Canada International boundary Richelieu River to the Canadian border. Hampshire hunting license that allows south to NY 9B, south along NY 9B to Interior Zone: That portion of the taking of migratory waterfowl or a U.S. 9, south along U.S. 9 to NY 22 Vermont east of the Lake Champlain person holding a Vermont resident south of Keesville; south along NY 22 to Zone and west of a line extending from hunting license that allows the taking of the west shore of South Bay, along and the Massachusetts border at Interstate migratory waterfowl may take migratory around the shoreline of South Bay to NY 91; north along Interstate 91 to U.S. 2; waterfowl and coots from the following 22 on the east shore of South Bay; east along U.S. 2 to VT 102; north along designated area of the Inland Zone: the southeast along NY 22 to U.S. 4, VT 102 to VT 253; north along VT 253 State of Vermont east of Rte. I–91 at the northeast along U.S. 4 to the Vermont to the Canadian border. Massachusetts border, north on Rte. I– State line. Connecticut River Zone: The 91 to Rte. 2, north on Rte. 2 to Rte. 102, Long Island Zone: That area remaining portion of Vermont east of north on Rte. 102 to Rte. 253, and north consisting of Nassau County, Suffolk the Interior Zone. on Rte. 253 to the border with Canada County, that area of Westchester County and the area of New Hampshire west of southeast of I–95, and their tidal waters. Mississippi Flyway Rte. 63 at the Massachusetts border, Western Zone: That area west of a line Illinois north on Rte. 63 to Rte. 12, north on Rte. extending from Lake Ontario east along 12 to Rte. 12–A, north on Rte. 12–A to the north shore of the Salmon River to North Zone: That portion of the State Rte 10, north on Rte. 10 to Rte. 135, I–81, and south along I–81 to the north of a line extending west from the north on Rte. 135 to Rte. 3, north on Rte. Pennsylvania State line. Indiana border along Peotone–Beecher 3 to the intersection with the Northeastern Zone: That area north of Road to Illinois Route 50, south along Connecticut River. a continuous line extending from Lake Illinois Route 50 to Wilmington– Coastal Zone: That portion of the Ontario east along the north shore of the Peotone Road, west along Wilmington– State east of a line beginning at the Salmon River to I–81, south along I–81 Peotone Road to Illinois Route 53, north Maine–New Hampshire border in to NY 31, east along NY 31 to NY 13, along Illinois Route 53 to New River Rollinsford, then extending to Rte. 4 north along NY 13 to NY 49, east along Road, northwest along New River Road west to the city of Dover, south to the NY 49 to NY 365, east along NY 365 to to Interstate Highway 55, south along I– intersection of Rte. 108, south along Rte. NY 28, east along NY 28 to NY 29, east 55 to Pine Bluff–Lorenzo Road, west 108 through Madbury, Durham, and along NY 29 to NY 22, north along NY along Pine Bluff–Lorenzo Road to Newmarket to the junction of Rte. 85 in 22 to Washington County Route 153, Illinois Route 47, north along Illinois Newfields, south to Rte. 101 in Exeter, east along CR 153 to the New York– Route 47 to I–80, west along I–80 to I– east to Interstate 95 (New Hampshire Vermont boundary, exclusive of the 39, south along I–39 to Illinois Route 18, Turnpike) in Hampton, and south to the Lake Champlain Zone. west along Illinois Route 18 to Illinois Massachusetts border. Southeastern Zone: The remaining Route 29, south along Illinois Route 29 portion of New York. to Illinois Route 17, west along Illinois New Jersey Route 17 to the Mississippi River, and Coastal Zone: That portion of the Pennsylvania due south across the Mississippi River State seaward of a line beginning at the Lake Erie Zone: The Lake Erie waters to the Iowa border. New York State line in Raritan Bay and of Pennsylvania and a shoreline margin Central Zone: That portion of the extending west along the New York along Lake Erie from New York on the State south of the North Duck Zone line State line to NJ 440 at Perth Amboy; east to Ohio on the west extending 150 to a line extending west from the west on NJ 440 to the Garden State yards inland, but including all of Indiana border along I–70 to Illinois Parkway; south on the Garden State Presque Isle Peninsula. Route 4, south along Illinois Route 4 to

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Illinois Route 161, west along Illinois along State Highway 37 to State 23 exit at Standish, easterly along U.S. Route 161 to Illinois Route 158, south Highway 183, northeast along State 23 to the centerline of the Au Gres and west along Illinois Route 158 to Highway 183 to State Highway 141, east River, then southerly along the Illinois Route 159, south along Illinois along State Highway 141 to U.S. centerline of the Au Gres River to Route 159 to Illinois Route 3, south Highway 30, and along U.S. Highway 30 Saginaw Bay, then on a line directly east along Illinois Route 3 to St. Leo’s Road, to the Illinois border. 10 miles into Saginaw Bay, and from south along St. Leo’s Road to Modoc Missouri River Zone: That portion of that point on a line directly northeast to Road, west along Modoc Road to Modoc Iowa west of a line beginning on the the Canadian border. Ferry Road, southwest along Modoc South Dakota–Iowa border at Interstate South Zone: The remainder of Ferry Road to Levee Road, southeast 29, southeast along Interstate 29 to State Michigan. along Levee Road to County Route 12 Highway 175, and west along State Minnesota (Modoc Ferry entrance Road), south Highway 175 to the Iowa–Nebraska along County Route 12 to the Modoc border. North Duck Zone: That portion of the Ferry route and southwest on the Modoc South Zone: The remainder of Iowa. State north of a line extending east from Ferry route across the Mississippi River the North Dakota State line along State Kentucky to the Missouri border. Highway 210 to State Highway 23 and South Zone: That portion of the State West Zone: All counties west of and east to State Highway 39 and east to the south and east of a line extending west including Butler, Daviess, Ohio, Wisconsin State line at the Oliver from the Indiana border along Interstate Simpson, and Warren Counties. Bridge. 70, south along U.S. Highway 45, to East Zone: The remainder of South Duck Zone: The portion of the Illinois Route 13, west along Illinois Kentucky. State south of a line extending east from the South Dakota State line along U.S. Route 13 to Greenbriar Road, north on Louisiana Greenbriar Road to Sycamore Road, Highway 212 to Interstate 494 and east west on Sycamore Road to N. Reed East Zone: That area of the State to Interstate 94 and east to the Station Road, south on N. Reed Station between the Mississippi State line and Wisconsin State line. Road to Illinois Route 13, west along a line going south on Highway (Hwy) 79 Central Duck Zone: The remainder of Illinois Route 13 to Illinois Route 127, from the Arkansas border to Homer, the State. then south on Hwy 9 to Arcadia, then south along Illinois Route 127 to State Missouri Forest Road (1025 N), west along State south on Hwy 147 to Hodge, then south Forest Road to Illinois Route 3, north on Hwy 167 to Turkey Creek, then south North Zone: That portion of Missouri along Illinois Route 3 to the south bank on Hwy 13 to Eunice, then west on Hwy north of a line running west from the of the Big Muddy River, west along the 190 to Kinder, then south on Hwy 165 Illinois border at Lock and Dam 25; west south bank of the Big Muddy River to to Iowa, then west on I–10 to its on Lincoln County Hwy N to MO Hwy the Mississippi River, west across the junction with Hwy 14 at Lake Charles, 79; south on MO Hwy 79 to MO Hwy Mississippi River to the Missouri then south and east on Hwy 14 to its 47; west on MO Hwy 47 to I–70; west border. junction with Hwy 90 in New Iberia, on I–70 to the Kansas border. South Central Zone: The remainder of then east on Hwy 90 to the Mississippi Middle Zone: The remainder of the State between the south border of State line. Missouri not included in other zones. the Central Zone and the North border West Zone: That area between the South Zone: That portion of Missouri of the South Zone. Texas State line and a line going east on south of a line running west from the I–10 from the Texas border to Hwy 165 Illinois border on MO Hwy 74 to MO Indiana at Iowa, then north on Hwy 165 to Hwy 25; south on MO Hwy 25 to U.S. North Zone: That part of Indiana Kinder, then east on Hwy 190 to Eunice, Hwy 62; west on U.S. Hwy. 62 to MO north of a line extending east from the then north on Hwy 13 to Turkey Creek, Hwy 53; north on MO Hwy 53 to MO Illinois border along State Road 18 to then north on Hwy 167 to Hodge, then Hwy 51; north on MO Hwy 51 to U.S. U.S. 31; north along U.S. 31 to U.S. 24; north on Hwy 147 to Arcadia, then Hwy 60; west on U.S. Hwy 60 to MO east along U.S. 24 to Huntington; north on Hwy 9 to Homer, then north Hwy 21; north on MO Hwy 21 to MO southeast along U.S. 224; south along on Hwy 79 to the Arkansas border. Hwy 72; west on MO Hwy 72 to MO State Road 5; and east along State Road Coastal Zone: Remainder of the State. Hwy 32; west on MO Hwy 32 to U.S. Hwy 65; north on U.S. Hwy 65 to U.S. 124 to the Ohio border. Michigan Central Zone: That part of Indiana Hwy 54; west on U.S. Hwy 54 to U.S. south of the North Zone boundary and North Zone: The Upper Peninsula. Hwy 71; south on U.S. Hwy 71 to Jasper north of the South Zone boundary. Middle Zone: That portion of the County Hwy M (Base Line Blvd.); west South Zone: That part of Indiana Lower Peninsula north of a line on Jasper County Hwy M (Base Line south of a line extending east from the beginning at the Wisconsin State line in Blvd.) to CRD 40 (Base Line Blvd.); west Illinois border along I–70; east along Lake Michigan due west of the mouth of on CRD 40 (Base Line Blvd.) to the National Ave.; east along U.S. 150; Stony Creek in Oceana County; then due Kansas border. east to, and easterly and southerly along south along U.S. 41; east along State Ohio Road 58; south along State Road 37 to the south shore of Stony Creek to Scenic Bedford; and east along U.S. 50 to the Drive, easterly and southerly along Lake Erie Marsh Zone: Includes all Ohio border. Scenic Drive to Stony Lake Road, land and water within the boundaries of easterly along Stony Lake and Garfield the area bordered by a line beginning at Iowa Roads to Michigan Highway 20, east the intersection of Interstate 75 at the North Zone: That portion of Iowa along Michigan 20 to U.S. Highway 10 Ohio–Michigan State line and north of a line beginning on the South Business Route (BR) in the city of continuing south to Interstate 280, then Dakota–Iowa border at Interstate 29, Midland, easterly along U.S. 10 BR to south on I–280 to the Ohio Turnpike (I– southeast along Interstate 29 to State U.S. 10, easterly along U.S. 10 to 80/I–90), then east on the Ohio Highway 175, east along State Highway Interstate Highway 75/U.S. Highway 23, Turnpike to the Erie–Lorain County 175 to State Highway 37, southeast northerly along I–75/U.S. 23 to the U.S. line, then north to Lake Erie, then

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following the Lake Erie shoreline at a Highway 10, continuing east on U.S. its junction with State highway K–18, distance of 200 yards offshore, then Highway 10 to U.S. Highway 41, then then west on State highway K–18 to its following the shoreline west toward and north on U.S. Highway 41 to the junction with Federal highway U.S.– around the northern tip of Cedar Point Michigan State line. 281, then south on Federal highway Amusement Park, then continuing from Mississippi River Zone: That area U.S.–281 to its junction with State the westernmost point of Cedar Point encompassed by a line beginning at the highway K–4, then east on State toward the southernmost tip of the sand intersection of the Burlington Northern highway K–4 to its junction with bar at the mouth of Sandusky Bay and & Santa Fe Railway and the Illinois interstate highway I–135, then south on out into Lake Erie at a distance of 200 State line in Grant County and interstate highway I–135 to its junction yards offshore continuing parallel to the extending northerly along the with State highway K–61, then Lake Erie shoreline north and west Burlington Northern & Santa Fe Railway southwest on State highway K–61 to its toward the northernmost tip of Cedar to the city limit of Prescott in Pierce junction with McPherson County 14th Point National Wildlife Refuge, then County, then west along the Prescott Avenue, then south on McPherson following a direct line toward the city limit to the Minnesota State line. County 14th Avenue to its junction with southernmost tip of Wood Tick South Zone: The remainder of McPherson County Arapaho Rd, then Peninsula in Michigan to a point that Wisconsin. west on McPherson County Arapaho Rd intersects the Ohio–Michigan State line, to its junction with State highway K–61, Central Flyway then following the State line back to the then southwest on State highway K–61 point of the beginning. Colorado (Central Flyway Portion) to its junction with State highway K–96, North Zone: That portion of the State, then northwest on State highway K–96 excluding the Lake Erie Marsh Zone, Special Teal Season Area: Lake and Chaffee Counties and that portion of the to its junction with Federal highway north of a line extending east from the U.S.–56, then southwest on Federal Indiana State line along U.S. Highway State east of Interstate Highway 25. Northeast Zone: All areas east of highway U.S.–56 to its junction with (U.S.) 33 to State Route (SR) 127, then State highway K–19, then east on State south along SR 127 to SR 703, then Interstate 25 and north of Interstate 70. Southeast Zone: All areas east of highway K–19 to its junction with south along SR 703 and including all Federal highway U.S.–281, then south lands within the Mercer Wildlife Area Interstate 25 and south of Interstate 70, and all of El Paso, Pueblo, Huerfano, on Federal highway U.S.–281 to its to SR 219, then east along SR 219 to SR junction with Federal highway U.S.–54, 364, then north along SR 364 and and Las Animas Counties. Mountain/Foothills Zone: All areas then west on Federal highway U.S.–54 including all lands within the St. Mary’s to its junction with Federal highway Fish Hatchery to SR 703, then east along west of Interstate 25 and east of the Continental Divide, except El Paso, U.S.–183, then north on Federal SR 703 to SR 66, then north along SR highway U.S.–183 to its junction with 66 to U.S. 33, then east along U.S. 33 to Pueblo, Huerfano, and Las Animas Counties. Federal highway U.S.–56, then SR 385, then east along SR 385 to SR southwest on Federal highway U.S.–56 117, then south along SR 117 to SR 273, Kansas to its junction with North Main Street in then east along SR 273 to SR 31, then High Plains Zone: That portion of the Spearville, then south on North Main south along SR 31 to SR 739, then east State west of U.S. 283. Street to Davis Street, then east on Davis along SR 739 to SR 4, then north along Low Plains Early Zone: That part of Street to Ford County Road 126 (South SR 4 to SR 95, then east along SR 95 to Kansas bounded by a line from the Stafford Street), then south on Ford SR 13, then southeast along SR 13 to SR Federal highway U.S.–283 and State County Road 126 to Garnett Road, then 3, then northeast along SR 3 to SR 60, highway 96 junction, then east on State east on Garnett Road to Ford County then north along SR 60 to U.S. 30, then highway 96 to its junction with Federal Road 126, then south on Ford County east along U.S. 30 to SR 3, then south highway U.S.–183, then north on Road 126 to Ford Spearville Road, then along SR 3 to SR 226, then south along Federal highway U.S.–183 to its west on Ford Spearville Road to its SR 226 to SR 514, then southwest along junction with Federal highway U.S.–24, junction with Federal highway U.S.– SR 514 to SR 754, then south along SR then east on Federal highway U.S.–24 to 400, then northwest on Federal highway 754 to SR 39/60, then east along SR 39/ its junction with Federal highway U.S.– U.S.–400 to its junction with Federal 60 to SR 241, then north along SR 241 281, then north on Federal highway highway U.S.–283, and then north on to U.S. 30, then east along U.S. 30 to SR U.S.–281 to its junction with Federal Federal highway U.S.–283 to its 39, then east along SR 39 to the highway U.S.–36, then east on Federal junction with Federal highway U.S.–96. Pennsylvania State line. highway U.S.–36 to its junction with Low Plains Late Zone: That part of South Zone: The remainder of Ohio State highway K–199, then south on Kansas bounded by a line from the not included in the Lake Erie Marsh State highway K–199 to its junction Federal highway U.S.–283 and State Zone or the North Zone. with Republic County 30th Road, then highway 96 junction, then north on Tennessee south on Republic County 30th Road to Federal highway U.S.–283 to the Reelfoot Zone: All or portions of Lake its junction with State highway K–148, Kansas–Nebraska State line, then east and Obion Counties. then east on State highway K–148 to its along the Kansas–Nebraska State line to Remainder of State: That portion of junction with Republic County 50th its junction with the Kansas–Missouri Tennessee outside of the Reelfoot Zone. Road, then south on Republic County State line, then southeast along the 50th Road to its junction with Cloud Kansas–Missouri State line to its Wisconsin County 40th Road, then south on Cloud junction with State highway K–68, then North Zone: That portion of the State County 40th Road to its junction with west on State highway K–68 to its north of a line extending east from the State highway K–9, then west on State junction with interstate highway I–35, Minnesota State line along U.S. highway K–9 to its junction with then southwest on interstate highway I– Highway 10 into Portage County to Federal highway U.S.–24, then west on 35 to its junction with Butler County NE County Highway HH, east on County Federal highway U.S.–24 to its junction 150th Street, then west on Butler Highway HH to State Highway 66 and with Federal highway U.S.–181, then County NE 150th Street to its junction then east on State Highway 66 to U.S. south on Federal highway U.S.–181 to with Federal highway U.S.–77, then

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south on Federal highway U.S.–77 to its highway K–199 to its junction with Zone 2: The area south of Zone 1 and junction with the Kansas–Oklahoma Federal highway U.S.–36, then west on north of Zone 3. State line, then west along the Kansas– Federal highway U.S.–36 to its junction Zone 3: Area bounded by designated Oklahoma State line to its junction with with Federal highway U.S.–281, then Federal and State highways, County Federal highway U.S.–283, then north south on Federal highway U.S.–281 to roads, and political boundaries on Federal highway U.S.–283 to its its junction with Federal highway U.S.– beginning at the Wyoming–Nebraska junction with Federal highway U.S.– 24, then west on Federal highway U.S.– border at the intersection of the 400, then east on Federal highway U.S.– 24 to its junction with Federal highway Interstate Canal; east along northern 400 to its junction with Ford Spearville U.S.–183, then south on Federal borders of Scotts Bluff and Morrill Road, then east on Ford Spearville Road highway U.S.–183 to its junction with Counties to Broadwater Road; south to to Ford County Road 126 (South Federal highway U.S.–96, and then west Morrill County Rd 94; east to County Rd Stafford Street), then north on Ford on Federal highway U.S.–96 to its 135; south to County Rd 88; southeast County Road 126 to Garnett Road, then junction with Federal highway U.S.– to County Rd 151; south to County Rd west on Garnett Road to Ford County 283. 80; east to County Rd 161; south to Road 126, then north on Ford County Southeast Zone: That part of Kansas County Rd 76; east to County Rd 165; Road 126 to Davis Street, then west on bounded by a line from the Missouri– south to County Rd 167; south to U.S. Davis Street to North Main Street, then Kansas State line west on K–68 to its Hwy 26; east to County Rd 171; north north on North Main Street to its junction with I–35, then southwest on I– to County Rd 68; east to County Rd 183; junction with Federal highway U.S.–56, 35 to its junction with Butler County, south to County Rd 64; east to County then east on Federal highway U.S.–56 to NE 150th Street, then west on NE 150th Rd 189; north to County Rd 70; east to its junction with Federal highway U.S.– Street to its junction with Federal County Rd 201; south to County Rd 183, then south on Federal highway highway U.S.–77, then south on Federal 60A; east to County Rd 203; south to U.S.–183 to its junction with Federal highway U.S.–77 to the Oklahoma– County Rd 52; east to Keith County highway U.S.–54, then east on Federal Kansas State line, then east along the Line; east along the northern boundaries highway U.S.–54 to its junction with Kansas–Oklahoma State line to its of Keith and Lincoln Counties to NE Federal highway U.S.–281, then north junction with the Kansas–Missouri State Hwy 97; south to U.S. Hwy 83; south to on Federal highway U.S.–281 to its line, then north along the Kansas– E Hall School Rd; east to N Airport junction with State highway K–19, then Missouri State line to its junction with Road; south to U.S. Hwy 30; east to NE west on State highway K–19 to its State highway K–68. Hwy 47; north to Dawson County Rd junction with Federal highway U.S.–56, Montana (Central Flyway Portion) 769; east to County Rd 423; south to then east on Federal highway U.S.–56 to Zone 1: The Counties of Blaine, County Rd 766; east to County Rd 428; its junction with State highway K–96, Carter, Daniels, Dawson, Fallon, Fergus, south to County Rd 763; east to NE Hwy then southeast on State highway K–96 Garfield, Golden Valley, Judith Basin, 21 (Adams Street); south to County Rd to its junction with State highway K–61, McCone, Musselshell, Petroleum, 761; east to the Dawson County Canal; then northeast on State highway K–61 to Phillips, Powder River, Richland, south and east along the Dawson County its junction with McPherson County Roosevelt, Sheridan, Stillwater, Sweet Canal to County Rd 444; south to U.S. Arapaho Road, then east on McPherson Grass, Valley, Wheatland, and Wibaux. Hwy 30; east to U.S. Hwy 183; north to County Arapaho Road to its junction Zone 2: The Counties of Big Horn, Buffalo County Rd 100; east to 46th with McPherson County 14th Avenue, Carbon, Custer, Prairie, Rosebud, Avenue; north to NE Hwy 40; south and then north on McPherson County 14th Treasure, and Yellowstone. east to NE Hwy 10; north to Buffalo Avenue to its junction with State County Rd 220 and Hall County Husker highway K–61, then east on State Nebraska Hwy; east to Hall County Rd 70; north highway K–61 to its junction with High Plains: That portion of Nebraska to NE Hwy 2; east to U.S. Hwy 281; interstate highway I–135, then north on lying west of a line beginning at the north to Chapman Rd; east to 7th Rd; interstate highway I–135 to its junction South Dakota–Nebraska border on U.S. south to U.S. Hwy 30; east to Merrick with State highway K–4, then west on Hwy 183; south on U.S. Hwy 183 to U.S. County Rd 13; north to County Rd O; State highway K–4 to its junction with Hwy 20; west on U.S. Hwy 20 to NE east to NE Hwy 14; north to NE Hwy 52; Federal highway U.S.–281, then north Hwy 7; south on NE Hwy 7 to NE Hwy west and north to NE Hwy 91; west to on Federal highway U.S.–281 to its 91; southwest on NE Hwy 91 to NE Hwy U.S. Hwy 281; south to NE Hwy 22; junction with State highway K–18, then 2; southeast on NE Hwy 2 to NE Hwy west to NE Hwy 11; northwest to NE east on State highway K–18 to its 92; west on NE Hwy 92 to NE Hwy 40; Hwy 91; west to U.S. Hwy 183; south to junction with Federal highway U.S.– south on NE Hwy 40 to NE Hwy 47; Round Valley Rd; west to Sargent River 181, then north on Federal highway south on NE Hwy 47 to NE Hwy 23; east Rd; west to Drive 443; north to Sargent U.S.–181 to its junction with Federal on NE Hwy 23 to U.S. Hwy 283; and Rd; west to NE Hwy S21A; west to NE highway U.S.–24, then east on Federal south on U.S. Hwy 283 to the Kansas– Hwy 2; west and north to NE Hwy 91; highway U.S.–24 to its junction with Nebraska border. north and east to North Loup Spur Rd; State highway K–9, then east on State Zone 1: Area bounded by designated north to North Loup River Rd; east to highway K–9 to its junction with Cloud Federal and State highways and Pleasant Valley/Worth Rd; east to Loup County 40th Road, then north on Cloud political boundaries beginning at the County line; north to Loup–Brown County 40th Road to its junction with South Dakota–Nebraska border west of County line; east along northern Republic County 50th Road, then north NE Hwy 26E Spur and north of NE Hwy boundaries of Loup and Garfield on Republic County 50th Road to its 12; those portions of Dixon, Cedar, and Counties to Cedar River Rd; south to NE junction with State highway K–148, Knox Counties north of NE Hwy 12; that Hwy 70; east to U.S. Hwy 281; north to then west on State highway K–148 to its portion of Keya Paha County east of U.S. NE Hwy 70; east to NE Hwy 14; south junction with Republic County 30th Hwy 183; and all of Boyd County. Both to NE Hwy 39; southeast to NE Hwy 22; Road, then north on Republic County banks of the Niobrara River in Keya east to U.S. Hwy 81; southeast to U.S. 30th Road to its junction with State Paha and Boyd Counties east of U.S. Hwy 30; east to U.S. Hwy 75; north to highway K–199, then north on State Hwy 183 shall be included in Zone 1. the Washington County line; east to the

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Iowa–Nebraska border; south to the North Dakota Texas Missouri–Nebraska border; south to High Plains Unit: That portion of the High Plains Zone: That portion of the Kansas–Nebraska border; west along State south and west of a line beginning State west of a line extending south Kansas–Nebraska border to Colorado– at the junction of U.S. Hwy 83 and the from the Oklahoma State line along U.S. Nebraska border; north and west to South Dakota State line, then north 183 to Vernon, south along U.S. 283 to Wyoming–Nebraska border; north to along U.S. Hwy 83 and I–94 to ND Hwy Albany, south along TX 6 to TX 351 to intersection of Interstate Canal; and 41, then north on ND Hwy 41 to ND Abilene, south along U.S. 277 to Del excluding that area in Zone 4. Hwy 53, then west on ND Hwy 53 to Rio, then south along the Del Rio Zone 4: Area encompassed by U.S. Hwy 83, then north on U.S. Hwy International Toll Bridge access road to designated Federal and State highways 83 to U.S. Hwy 2, then west on U.S. the Mexico border. and County roads beginning at the Hwy 2 to the Williams County line, then Low Plains North Zone: That portion intersection of NE Hwy 8 and U.S. Hwy north and west along the Williams and of northeastern Texas east of the High 75; north to U.S. Hwy 136; east to the Divide County lines to the Canadian Plains Zone and north of a line intersection of U.S. Hwy 136 and the border. beginning at the International Toll Steamboat Trace (Trace); north along the Low Plains Unit: The remainder of Bridge south of Del Rio, then extending Trace to the intersection with Federal North Dakota. east on U.S. 90 to San Antonio, then Levee R–562; north along Federal Levee Oklahoma continuing east on I–10 to the Louisiana R–562 to the intersection with Nemaha State line at Orange, Texas. County Rd 643A; south to the Trace; High Plains Zone: The Counties of Low Plains South Zone: The north along the Trace/Burlington Beaver, Cimarron, and Texas. remainder of Texas. Northern Railroad right-of-way to NE Low Plains Zone 1: That portion of the Hwy 2; west to U.S. Hwy 75; north to State east of the High Plains Zone and Wyoming (Central Flyway portion) NE Hwy 2; west to NE Hwy 50; north north of a line extending east from the Zone C1: Big Horn, Converse, Goshen, to U.S. Hwy 34; west to NE Hwy 63; Texas State line along OK 33 to OK 47, Hot Springs, Natrona, Park, Platte, and north to NE Hwy 66; north and west to east along OK 47 to U.S. 183, south Washakie Counties; and Fremont U.S. Hwy 77; north to NE Hwy 92; west along U.S. 183 to I–40, east along I–40 County excluding the portions west or to NE Hwy Spur 12F; south to Butler to U.S. 177, north along U.S. 177 to OK south of the Continental Divide. County Rd 30; east to County Rd X; 33, east along OK 33 to OK 18, north Zone C2: Campbell, Crook, Johnson, south to County Rd 27; west to County along OK 18 to OK 51, west along OK Niobrara, Sheridan, and Weston Rd W; south to County Rd 26; east to 51 to I–35, north along I–35 to U.S. 412, Counties. County Rd X; south to County Rd 21 west along U.S. 412 to OK 132, then Zone C3: Albany and Laramie (Seward County Line); west to NE Hwy north along OK 132 to the Kansas State Counties; and that portion of Carbon 15; north to County Rd 34; west to line. County east of the Continental Divide. Low Plains Zone 2: The remainder of County Rd H; south to NE Hwy 92; west Oklahoma. Pacific Flyway to U.S. Hwy 81; south to NE Hwy 66; west to Polk County Rd C; north to NE South Dakota Arizona Hwy 92; west to U.S. Hwy 30; west to High Plains Zone: That portion of the North Zone: Game Management Units Merrick County Rd 17; south to State west of a line beginning at the 1–5, those portions of Game Hordlake Road; southeast to Prairie North Dakota State line and extending Management Units 6 and 8 within Island Road; southeast to Hamilton south along U.S. 83 to U.S. 14, east on Coconino County, and Game County Rd T; south to NE Hwy 66; west U.S. 14 to Blunt, south on the Blunt– Management Units 7, 9, and 12A. to NE Hwy 14; south to County Rd 22; Canning Rd to SD 34, east and south on South Zone: Those portions of Game west to County Rd M; south to County SD 34 to SD 50 at Lee’s Corner, south Management Units 6 and 8 in Yavapai Rd 21; west to County Rd K; south to on SD 50 to I–90, east on I–90 to SD 50, County, and Game Management Units U.S. Hwy 34; west to NE Hwy 2; south south on SD 50 to SD 44, west on SD 10 and 12B–45. to U.S. Hwy I–80; west to Gunbarrel Rd 44 across the Platte–Winner bridge to California (Hall/Hamilton County line); south to SD 47, south on SD 47 to U.S. 18, east Giltner Rd; west to U.S. Hwy 281; south on U.S. 18 to SD 47, south on SD 47 to Northeastern Zone: That portion of to Lochland Rd; west to Holstein the Nebraska State line. California lying east and north of a line Avenue; south to U.S. Hwy 34; west to North Zone: That portion of beginning at the intersection of NE Hwy 10; north to Kearney County Rd northeastern South Dakota east of the Interstate 5 with the California–Oregon R and Phelps County Rd 742; west to High Plains Unit and north of a line line; south along Interstate 5 to its U.S. Hwy 283; south to U.S. Hwy 34; extending east along U.S. 212 to the junction with Walters Lane south of the east to U.S. Hwy 136; east to U.S. Hwy Minnesota State line. town of Yreka; west along Walters Lane 183; north to NE Hwy 4; east to NE Hwy South Zone: That portion of Gregory to its junction with Easy Street; south 10; south to U.S. Hwy 136; east to NE County east of SD 47 and south of SD along Easy Street to the junction with Hwy 14; south to NE Hwy 8; east to U.S. 44; Charles Mix County south of SD 44 Old Highway 99; south along Old Hwy 81; north to NE Hwy 4; east to NE to the Douglas County line; south on SD Highway 99 to the point of intersection Hwy 15; south to U.S. Hwy 136; east to 50 to Geddes; east on the Geddes with Interstate 5 north of the town of Jefferson County Rd 578 Avenue; south Highway to U.S. 281; south on U.S. 281 Weed; south along Interstate 5 to its to PWF Rd; east to NE Hwy 103; south and U.S. 18 to SD 50; south and east on junction with Highway 89; east and to NE Hwy 8; east to U.S. Hwy 75. SD 50 to the Bon Homme County line; south along Highway 89 to Main Street New Mexico (Central Flyway Portion) the Counties of Bon Homme, Yankton, Greenville; north and east to its junction and Clay south of SD 50; and Union with North Valley Road; south to its North Zone: That portion of the State County south and west of SD 50 and I– junction of Diamond Mountain Road; north of I–40 and U.S. 54. 29. north and east to its junction with North South Zone: The remainder of New Middle Zone: The remainder of South Arm Road; south and west to the Mexico. Dakota. junction of North Valley Road; south to

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the junction with Arlington Road (A22); that portion of Kern County north of the confluence of the Muddy and Virgin west to the junction of Highway 89; Southern Zone. Rivers. south and west to the junction of Balance of State Zone: The remainder Oregon Highway 70; east on Highway 70 to of California not included in the Highway 395; south and east on Northeastern, Colorado River, Southern, Zone 1: Benton, Clackamas, Clatsop, Highway 395 to the point of intersection and the Southern San Joaquin Valley Columbia, Coos, Curry, Douglas, with the California–Nevada State line; Zones. Gilliam, Hood River, Jackson, Josephine, north along the California–Nevada State Lane, Lincoln, Linn, Marion, Morrow, Colorado (Pacific Flyway Portion) line to the junction of the California– Multnomah, Polk, Sherman, Tillamook, Nevada–Oregon State lines; west along Eastern Zone: Routt, Grand, Summit, Umatilla, Wasco, Washington, and the California–Oregon State line to the Eagle, and Pitkin Counties, those Yamhill, Counties. point of origin. portions of Saguache, San Juan, Zone 2: The remainder of Oregon not Colorado River Zone: Those portions Hinsdale, and Mineral Counties west of included in Zone 1. of San Bernardino, Riverside, and the Continental Divide, those portions Utah Imperial Counties east of a line from the of Gunnison County except the North intersection of Highway 95 with the Fork of the Gunnison River Valley Zone 1: Box Elder, Cache, Daggett, California–Nevada State line; south on (Game Management Units 521, 53, and Davis, Duchesne, Morgan, Rich, Salt Highway 95 through the junction with 63), and that portion of Moffat County Lake, Summit, Uintah, Utah, Wasatch, Highway 40; south on Highway 95 to east of the northern intersection of and Weber Counties, and that part of Vidal Junction; south through the town Moffat County Road 29 with the Moffat– Toole County north of I–80. of Rice to the San Bernardino–Riverside Routt County line, south along Moffat Zone 2: The remainder of Utah not County line on a road known as County Road 29 to the intersection of included in Zone 1. ‘‘Aqueduct Road’’ also known as Moffat County Road 29 with the Moffat– Washington Highway 62 in San Bernardino County; Routt County line (Elkhead Reservoir southwest on Highway 62 to Desert State Park). East Zone: All areas east of the Pacific Center Rice Road; south on Desert Western Zone: All areas west of the Crest Trail and east of the Big White Center Rice Road/Highway 177 to the Continental Divide not included in the Salmon River in Klickitat County. town of Desert Center; east 31 miles on Eastern Zone. West Zone: The remainder of Interstate 10 to its intersection with Washington not included in the East Wiley Well Road; south on Wiley Well Idaho Zone. Road to Wiley Well; southeast on Zone 1: All lands and waters within Wyoming (Pacific Flyway Portion) Milpitas Wash Road to the Blythe, the Fort Hall Indian Reservation, Brawley, Davis Lake intersections; south including private in-holdings; Bannock Snake River Zone: Beginning at the on Blythe Ogilby Road also known as County; Bingham County except that south boundary of Yellowstone National County Highway 34 to its intersection portion within the Blackfoot Reservoir Park and the Continental Divide; south with Ogilby Road; south on Ogilby Road drainage; Caribou County within the along the Continental Divide to Union to its intersection with Interstate 8; east Fort Hall Indian Reservation; and Power Pass and the Union Pass Road (U.S.F.S. 7 miles on Interstate 8 to its intersection County east of State Highway 37 and Road 600); west and south along the with the Andrade-Algodones Road/ State Highway 39. Union Pass Road to U.S.F.S. Road 605; Highway 186; south on Highway 186 to Zone 2: Bear Lake, Bonneville, Butte, south along U.S.F.S. Road 605 to the its intersection with the U.S. Mexico Clark, Fremont, Jefferson, Madison, and Bridger–Teton National Forest border at Los Algodones, Mexico. Teton Counties; Bingham County within boundary; along the national forest Southern Zone: That portion of the Blackfoot Reservoir drainage; and boundary to the Idaho State line; north southern California (but excluding the Caribou County except within the Fort along the Idaho State line to the south Colorado River zone) south and east of Hall Indian Reservation. boundary of Yellowstone National Park; a line beginning at the mouth of the Zone 3: Ada, Adams, Benewah, east along the Yellowstone National Santa Maria River at the Pacific Ocean; Blaine, Boise, Bonner, Boundary, Park boundary to the Continental east along the Santa Maria River to Camas, Canyon, Cassia, Clearwater, Divide. where it crosses Highway 101–166 near Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Gem, Gooding, Balance of State Zone: The remainder the City of Santa Maria; north on Idaho, Jerome, Kootenai, Latah, Lemhi, of the Pacific Flyway portion of Highway 101–166; east on Highway 166 Lewis, Lincoln, Minidoka, Nez Perce, Wyoming not included in the Snake to the junction with Highway 99; south Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Shoshone, River Zone. on Highway 99 to the junction of Twin Falls, and Washington Counties; Geese Interstate 5; south on Interstate 5 to the and Power County west of State crest of the Tehachapi Mountains at Highway 37 and State Highway 39. Atlantic Flyway Tejon Pass; east and north along the Zone 4: Valley County. Connecticut crest of the Tehachapi Mountains to where it intersects Highway 178 at Nevada Early Canada Goose Seasons Walker Pass; east on Highway 178 to the Northeast Zone: Elko and White Pine South Zone: Same as for ducks. junction of Highway 395 at the town of Counties. North Zone: Same as for ducks. Inyokern; south on Highway 395 to the Northwest Zone: Carson City, junction of Highway 58; east on Churchill, Douglas, Esmeralda, Eureka, Regular Seasons Highway 58 to the junction of Interstate Humboldt, Lander, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, AP Unit: Litchfield County and the 15; east on Interstate 15 to the junction Pershing, Storey, and Washoe Counties. portion of Hartford County west of a with Highway 127; north on Highway South Zone: Clark and Lincoln line beginning at the Massachusetts 127 to the point of intersection with the Counties. border in Suffield and extending south California–Nevada State line. Moapa Valley Special Management along Route 159 to its intersection with Southern San Joaquin Valley Zone: Area: That portion of Clark County Route 91 in Hartford, and then All of Kings and Tulare Counties and including the Moapa Valley to the extending south along Route 91 to its

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intersection with the Hartford– New Jersey Northeast Goose Area: The same as Middlesex County line. AP Zone: North and South Zones (see the Northeastern Waterfowl Hunting Atlantic Flyway Resident Population duck zones). Zone, which is that area of New York (AFRP) Unit: Starting at the intersection RP Zone: The Coastal Zone (see duck State lying north of a continuous line of I–95 and the Quinnipiac River, north zones). extending from Lake Ontario east along on the Quinnipiac River to its Special Late Season Area: In northern the north shore of the Salmon River to intersection with I–91, north on I–91 to New Jersey, that portion of the State Interstate 81, south along Interstate 81 to I–691, west on I–691 to the Hartford within a continuous line that runs east Route 31, east along Route 31 to Route County line, and encompassing the rest along the New York State boundary line 13, north along Route 13 to Route 49, of New Haven County and Fairfield to the Hudson River; then south along east along Route 49 to Route 365, east County in its entirety. the New York State boundary to its along Route 365 to Route 28, east along NAP H–Unit: All of the rest of the intersection with Route 440 at Perth Route 28 to Route 29, east along Route State not included in the AP or AFRP Amboy; then west on Route 440 to its 29 to Route 22 at Greenwich Junction, north along Route 22 to Washington descriptions above. intersection with Route 287; then west County Route 153, east along CR 153 to South Zone: Same as for ducks. along Route 287 to its intersection with the New York–Vermont boundary, Route 206 in Bedminster (Exit 18); then Maine exclusive of the Lake Champlain Zone. north along Route 206 to its intersection Same zones as for ducks. East Central Goose Area: That area of with Route 94; then west along Route 94 New York State lying inside of a Maryland to the toll bridge in Columbia; then continuous line extending from north along the Pennsylvania State Early Canada Goose Seasons Interstate Route 81 in Cicero, east along boundary in the Delaware River to the Route 31 to Route 13, north along Route Eastern Unit: Calvert, Caroline, Cecil, beginning point. In southern New 13 to Route 49, east along Route 49 to Dorchester, Harford, Kent, Queen Jersey, that portion of the State within Route 365, east along Route 365 to Anne’s, St. Mary’s, Somerset, Talbot, a continuous line that runs west from Route 28, east along Route 28 to Route Wicomico, and Worcester Counties; and the Atlantic Ocean at Ship Bottom along 29, east along Route 29 to Route 147 at that part of Anne Arundel County east Route 72 to Route 70; then west along Kimball Corners, south along Route 147 of Interstate 895, Interstate 97, and Route 70 to Route 206; then south along to Schenectady County Route 40 (West Route 3; that part of Prince George’s Route 206 to Route 536; then west along Glenville Road), west along Route 40 to County east of Route 3 and Route 301; Route 536 to Route 322; then west along Touareuna Road, south along Touareuna and that part of Charles County east of Route 322 to Route 55; then south along Road to Schenectady County Route 59, Route 301 to the Virginia State line. Route 55 to Route 553 (Buck Road); then south along Route 59 to State Route 5, Western Unit: Allegany, Baltimore, south along Route 553 to Route 40; then east along Route 5 to the Lock 9 bridge, Carroll, Frederick, Garrett, Howard, east along Route 40 to route 55; then southwest along the Lock 9 bridge to Montgomery, and Washington Counties south along Route 55 to Route 552 Route 5S, southeast along Route 5S to and that part of Anne Arundel County (Sherman Avenue); then west along Schenectady County Route 58, west of Interstate 895, Interstate 97, and Route 552 to Carmel Road; then south southwest along Route 58 to the NYS Route 3; that part of Prince George’s along Carmel Road to Route 49; then Thruway, south along the Thruway to County west of Route 3 and Route 301; east along Route 49 to Route 555; then Route 7, southwest along Route 7 to and that part of Charles County west of south along Route 555 to Route 553; Schenectady County Route 103, south Route 301 to the Virginia State line. then east along Route 553 to Route 649; along Route 103 to Route 406, east along then north along Route 649 to Route Regular Seasons Route 406 to Schenectady County Route 670; then east along Route 670 to Route 99 (Windy Hill Road), south along Route Resident Population (RP) Zone: 47; then north along Route 47 to Route 99 to Dunnsville Road, south along Allegany, Frederick, Garrett, 548; then east along Route 548 to Route Dunnsville Road to Route 397, Montgomery, and Washington Counties; 49; then east along Route 49 to Route 50; southwest along Route 397 to Route 146 that portion of Prince George’s County then south along Route 50 to Route 9; at Altamont, west along Route 146 to west of Route 3 and Route 301; that then south along Route 9 to Route 625 Albany County Route 252, northwest portion of Charles County west of Route (Sea Isle City Boulevard); then east along Route 252 to Schenectady County 301 to the Virginia State line; and that along Route 625 to the Atlantic Ocean; Route 131, north along Route 131 to portion of Carroll County west of Route then north to the beginning point. Route 7, west along Route 7 to Route 10 31 to the intersection of Route 97, and New York at Richmondville, south on Route 10 to west of Route 97 to the Pennsylvania Route 23 at Stamford, west along Route State line. Lake Champlain Goose Area: The 23 to Route 7 in Oneonta, southwest AP Zone: Remainder of the State. same as the Lake Champlain Waterfowl along Route 7 to Route 79 to Interstate Hunting Zone, which is that area of New Massachusetts Route 88 near Harpursville, west along York State lying east and north of a Route 88 to Interstate Route 81, north NAP Zone: Central and Coastal Zones continuous line extending along Route along Route 81 to the point of (see duck zones). 11 from the New York–Canada beginning. AP Zone: The Western Zone (see duck International boundary south to Route West Central Goose Area: That area of zones). 9B, south along Route 9B to Route 9, New York State lying within a Special Late Season Area: The Central south along Route 9 to Route 22 south continuous line beginning at the point Zone and that portion of the Coastal of Keeseville, south along Route 22 to where the northerly extension of Route Zone (see duck zones) that lies north of the west shore of South Bay along and 269 (County Line Road on the Niagara– the Cape Cod Canal, north to the New around the shoreline of South Bay to Orleans County boundary) meets the Hampshire State line. Route 22 on the east shore of South Bay, International boundary with Canada, southeast along Route 22 to Route 4, south to the shore of Lake Ontario at the New Hampshire northeast along Route 4 to the New eastern boundary of Golden Hill State Same zones as for ducks. York–Vermont boundary. Park, south along the extension of Route

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269 and Route 269 to Route 104 at Falls), south along Route 87 to Route 29, Putnam County boundary, east along the Jeddo, west along Route 104 to Niagara west along Route 29 to Route 147 at county boundary to the New York– County Route 271, south along Route Kimball Corners, south along Route 147 Connecticut boundary, north along the 271 to Route 31E at Middleport, south to Schenectady County Route 40 (West New York–Connecticut boundary to the along Route 31E to Route 31, west along Glenville Road), west along Route 40 to New York–Massachusetts boundary, Route 31 to Griswold Street, south along Touareuna Road, south along Touareuna north along the New York– Griswold Street to Ditch Road, south Road to Schenectady County Route 59, Massachusetts boundary to the New along Ditch Road to Foot Road, south south along Route 59 to State Route 5, York–Vermont boundary, north to the along Foot Road to the north bank of east along Route 5 to the Lock 9 bridge, point of beginning. Tonawanda Creek, west along the north southwest along the Lock 9 bridge to Eastern Long Island Goose Area (NAP bank of Tonawanda Creek to Route 93, Route 5S, southeast along Route 5S to High Harvest Area): That area of Suffolk south along Route 93 to Route 5, east Schenectady County Route 58, County lying east of a continuous line along Route 5 to Crittenden–Murrays southwest along Route 58 to the NYS extending due south from the New Corners Road, south on Crittenden– Thruway, south along the Thruway to York–Connecticut boundary to the Murrays Corners Road to the NYS Route 7, southwest along Route 7 to northernmost end of Roanoke Avenue in Thruway, east along the Thruway 90 to Schenectady County Route 103, south the Town of Riverhead; then south on Route 98 (at Thruway Exit 48) in along Route 103 to Route 406, east along Roanoke Avenue (which becomes Batavia, south along Route 98 to Route Route 406 to Schenectady County Route County Route 73) to State Route 25; then 20, east along Route 20 to Route 19 in 99 (Windy Hill Road), south along Route west on Route 25 to Peconic Avenue; then south on Peconic Avenue to Pavilion Center, south along Route 19 to 99 to Dunnsville Road, south along County Route (CR) 104 (Riverleigh Route 63, southeast along Route 63 to Dunnsville Road to Route 397, Avenue); then south on CR 104 to CR 31 Route 246, south along Route 246 to southwest along Route 397 to Route 146 (Old Riverhead Road); then south on CR Route 39 in Perry, northeast along Route at Altamont, southeast along Route 146 31 to Oak Street; then south on Oak 39 to Route 20A, northeast along Route to Main Street in Altamont, west along Street to Potunk Lane; then west on 20A to Route 20, east along Route 20 to Main Street to Route 156, southeast Stevens Lane; then south on Jessup Route 364 (near Canandaigua), south along Route 156 to Albany County Avenue (in Westhampton Beach) to and east along Route 364 to Yates Route 307, southeast along Route 307 to County Route 18 (Italy Valley Road), Dune Road (CR 89); then due south to Route 85A, southwest along Route 85A international waters. southwest along Route 18 to Yates to Route 85, south along Route 85 to County Route 34, east along Route 34 to Western Long Island Goose Area (RP Route 443, southeast along Route 443 to Area): That area of Westchester County Yates County Route 32, south along Albany County Route 301 at Clarksville, and its tidal waters southeast of Route 32 to Steuben County Route 122, southeast along Route 301 to Route 32, Interstate Route 95 and that area of south along Route 122 to Route 53, south along Route 32 to Route 23 at Nassau and Suffolk Counties lying west south along Route 53 to Steuben County Cairo, west along Route 23 to Joseph of a continuous line extending due Route 74, east along Route 74 to Route Chadderdon Road, southeast along south from the New York–Connecticut 54A (near Pulteney), south along Route Joseph Chadderdon Road to Hearts boundary to the northernmost end of 54A to Steuben County Route 87, east Content Road (Greene County Route 31), Sound Road (just east of Wading River along Route 87 to Steuben County Route southeast along Route 31 to Route 32, Marsh); then south on Sound Road to 96, east along Route 96 to Steuben south along Route 32 to Greene County North Country Road; then west on North County Route 114, east along Route 114 Route 23A, east along Route 23A to Country Road to Randall Road; then to Schuyler County Route 23, east and Interstate Route 87 (the NYS Thruway), south on Randall Road to Route 25A, southeast along Route 23 to Schuyler south along Route 87 to Route 28 (Exit then west on Route 25A to the Sunken County Route 28, southeast along Route 19) near Kingston, northwest on Route Meadow State Parkway; then south on 28 to Route 409 at Watkins Glen, south 28 to Route 209, southwest on Route the Sunken Meadow Parkway to the along Route 409 to Route 14, south 209 to the New York–Pennsylvania Sagtikos State Parkway; then south on along Route 14 to Route 224 at Montour boundary, southeast along the New the Sagtikos Parkway to the Robert Falls, east along Route 224 to Route 228 York–Pennsylvania boundary to the Moses State Parkway; then south on the in Odessa, north along Route 228 to New York–New Jersey boundary, Robert Moses Parkway to its Route 79 in Mecklenburg, east along southeast along the New York–New southernmost end; then due south to Route 79 to Route 366 in Ithaca, Jersey boundary to Route 210 near international waters. northeast along Route 366 to Route 13, Greenwood Lake, northeast along Route Central Long Island Goose Area (NAP northeast along Route 13 to Interstate 210 to Orange County Route 5, northeast Low Harvest Area): That area of Suffolk Route 81 in Cortland, north along Route along Orange County Route 5 to Route County lying between the Western and 81 to the north shore of the Salmon 105 in the Village of Monroe, east and Eastern Long Island Goose Areas, as River to shore of Lake Ontario, north along Route 105 to Route 32, defined above. extending generally northwest in a northeast along Route 32 to Orange South Goose Area: The remainder of straight line to the nearest point of the County Route 107 (Quaker Avenue), east New York State, excluding New York international boundary with Canada, along Route 107 to Route 9W, north City. south and west along the international along Route 9W to the south bank of boundary to the point of beginning. Moodna Creek, southeast along the North Carolina Hudson Valley Goose Area: That area south bank of Moodna Creek to the New Northeast Hunt Unit: Includes the of New York State lying within a Windsor–Cornwall town boundary, following counties or portions of continuous line extending from Route 4 northeast along the New Windsor– counties: Bertie (that portion north and at the New York–Vermont boundary, Cornwall town boundary to the Orange– east of a line formed by NC 45 at the west and south along Route 4 to Route Dutchess County boundary (middle of Washington County line to U.S. 17 in 149 at Fort Ann, west on Route 149 to the Hudson River), north along the Midway, U.S. 17 in Midway to U.S. 13 Route 9, south along Route 9 to county boundary to Interstate Route 84, in Windsor, U.S. 13 in Windsor to the Interstate Route 87 (at Exit 20 in Glens east along Route 84 to the Dutchess– Hertford County line), Camden,

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Chowan, Currituck, Dare, Hyde, following line: the ‘‘Blue Ridge’’ Illinois Route 13, west along Illinois Pasquotank, Perquimans, Tyrrell, and (mountain spine) at the West Virginia– Route 13 to Illinois Route 127, south Washington. Virginia Border (Loudoun County– along Illinois Route 127 to State Forest RP Hunt Zone: Remainder of the Clarke County line) south to Interstate Road (1025 N), west along State Forest State. 64 (the Blue Ridge line follows county Road to Illinois Route 3, north along Pennsylvania borders along the western edge of Illinois Route 3 to the south bank of the Loudoun–Fauquier–Rappahannock– Big Muddy River, west along the south Resident Canada Goose Zone: All of Madison–Greene–Albemarle and into bank of the Big Muddy River to the Pennsylvania except for SJBP Zone and Nelson Counties), then east along Mississippi River, west across the the area east of route SR 97 from the Interstate Rte. 64 to Route 15, then south Mississippi River to the Missouri Maryland State Line to the intersection along Rte. 15 to the North Carolina line. border. of SR 194, east of SR 194 to intersection RP Zone: The remainder of the State South Central September Canada of U.S. Route 30, south of U.S. Route 30 west of the SJBP Zone. Goose Zone: The remainder of the State to SR 441, east of SR 441 to SR 743, east between the south border of the Central of SR 743 to intersection of I–81, east of Mississippi Flyway September Canada Goose Zone and the I–81 to intersection of I–80, and south Arkansas north border of the South September of I–80 to the New Jersey State line. Canada Goose Zone. SJBP Zone: The area north of I–80 and Northwest Zone: Baxter, Benton, west of I–79 including in the city of Erie Boone, Carroll, Conway, Crawford, Regular Seasons west of Bay Front Parkway to and Faulkner, Franklin, Johnson, Logan, North Zone: That portion of the State including the Lake Erie Duck zone (Lake Madison, Marion, Newton, Perry, Pope, north of a line extending west from the Erie, Presque Isle, and the area within Pulaski, Searcy, Sebastian, Scott, Van Indiana border along Interstate 80 to I– 150 yards of the Lake Erie Shoreline). Buren, Washington, and Yell Counties. 39, south along I–39 to Illinois Route 18, AP Zone: The area east of route SR 97 Illinois west along Illinois Route 18 to Illinois from Maryland State Line to the Route 29, south along Illinois Route 29 Early Canada Goose Seasons intersection of SR 194, east of SR 194 to to Illinois Route 17, west along Illinois intersection of U.S. Route 30, south of North September Canada Goose Zone: Route 17 to the Mississippi River, and U.S. Route 30 to SR 441, east of SR 441 That portion of the State north of a line due south across the Mississippi River to SR 743, east of SR 743 to intersection extending west from the Indiana border to the Iowa border. of I–81, east of I–81 to intersection of I– along Interstate 80 to I–39, south along Central Zone: That portion of the 80, south of I–80 to New Jersey State I–39 to Illinois Route 18, west along State south of the North Goose Zone line line. Illinois Route 18 to Illinois Route 29, to a line extending west from the Rhode Island south along Illinois Route 29 to Illinois Indiana border along I–70 to Illinois Route 17, west along Illinois Route 17 Route 4, south along Illinois Route 4 to Special Area for Canada Geese: Kent to the Mississippi River, and due south Illinois Route 161, west along Illinois and Providence Counties and portions across the Mississippi River to the Iowa Route 161 to Illinois Route 158, south of the towns of Exeter and North border. and west along Illinois Route 158 to Kingston within Washington County Central September Canada Goose Illinois Route 159, south along Illinois (see State regulations for detailed Zone: That portion of the State south of Route 159 to Illinois Route 3, south descriptions). the North September Canada Goose along Illinois Route 3 to St. Leo’s Road, South Carolina Zone line to a line extending west from south along St. Leo’s road to Modoc the Indiana border along I–70 to Illinois Road, west along Modoc Road to Modoc Canada Goose Area: Statewide except Route 4, south along Illinois Route 4 to Ferry Road, southwest along Modoc for the following area: Illinois Route 161, west along Illinois East of U.S. 301: That portion of Ferry Road to Levee Road, southeast Route 161 to Illinois Route 158, south Clarendon County bounded to the North along Levee Road to County Route 12 and west along Illinois Route 158 to by S–14–25, to the East by Hwy 260, (Modoc Ferry entrance Road), south Illinois Route 159, south along Illinois and to the South by the markers along County Route 12 to the Modoc Route 159 to Illinois Route 3, south delineating the channel of the Santee Ferry route and southwest on the Modoc along Illinois Route 3 to St. Leo’s Road, River. Ferry route across the Mississippi River West of U.S. 301: That portion of south along St. Leo’s road to Modoc to the Missouri border. Clarendon County bounded on the Road, west along Modoc Road to Modoc South Zone: Same zone as for ducks. South Central Zone: Same zone as for North by S–14–26 extending southward Ferry Road, southwest along Modoc ducks. to that portion of Orangeburg County Ferry Road to Levee Road, southeast bordered by Hwy 6. along Levee Road to County Route 12 Indiana (Modoc Ferry entrance Road), south Vermont along County Route 12 to the Modoc Same zones as for ducks. Same zones as for ducks. Ferry route and southwest on the Modoc Iowa Ferry route across the Mississippi River Virginia to the Missouri border. Early Canada Goose Seasons AP Zone: The area east and south of South September Canada Goose Zone: Cedar Rapids/Iowa City Goose Zone: the following line—the Stafford County That portion of the State south and east Includes portions of Linn and Johnson line from the Potomac River west to of a line extending west from the Counties bounded as follows: Beginning Interstate 95 at Fredericksburg, then Indiana border along Interstate 70, south at the intersection of the west border of south along Interstate 95 to Petersburg, along U.S. Highway 45, to Illinois Route Linn County and Linn County Road then Route 460 (SE) to City of Suffolk, 13, west along Illinois Route 13 to E2W; then south and east along County then south along Route 32 to the North Greenbriar Road, north on Greenbriar Road E2W to Highway 920; then north Carolina line. Road to Sycamore Road, west on along Highway 920 to County Road E16; SJBP Zone: The area to the west of the Sycamore Road to N. Reed Station Road, then east along County Road E16 to AP Zone boundary and east of the south on N. Reed Station Road to County Road W58; then south along

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County Road W58 to County Road E34; to Highway 44; then east along Highway Michigan then east along County Road E34 to 44 to County Road R30; then north North Zone: Same as North duck Highway 13; then south along Highway along County Road R30 to County Road zone. 13 to Highway 30; then east along F31; then east along County Road F31 Middle Zone: Same as Middle duck Highway 30 to Highway 1; then south to Highway 17; then north along zone. along Highway 1 to Morse Road in Highway 17 to Highway 415 in Polk South Zone: Same as South duck Johnson County; then east along Morse County; then east along Highway 415 to zone. Road to Wapsi Avenue; then south Northwest 158th Avenue; then east Allegan County Game Management along Wapsi Avenue to Lower West along Northwest 158th Avenue to the Unit (GMU): That area encompassed by Branch Road; then west along Lower point of beginning. a line beginning at the junction of 136th West Branch Road to Taft Avenue; then Cedar Falls/Waterloo Goose Zone: Avenue and Interstate Highway 196 in south along Taft Avenue to County Road Includes those portions of Black Hawk Lake Town Township and extending F62; then west along County Road F62 County bounded as follows: Beginning easterly along 136th Avenue to to Kansas Avenue; then north along at the intersection of County Roads C66 Michigan Highway 40, southerly along Kansas Avenue to Black Diamond Road; and V49 in Black Hawk County, then Michigan 40 through the city of Allegan then west on Black Diamond Road to south along County Road V49 to County to 108th Avenue in Trowbridge Jasper Avenue; then north along Jasper Road D38, then west along County Road Township, westerly along 108th Avenue Avenue to Rohert Road; then west along D38 to State Highway 21, then south to 46th Street, northerly along 46th Rohert Road to Ivy Avenue; then north along State Highway 21 to County Road Street to 109th Avenue, westerly along along Ivy Avenue to 340th Street; then D35, then west along County Road D35 109th Avenue to I–196 in Casco west along 340th Street to Half Moon to Grundy Road, then north along Township, then northerly along I–196 to Avenue; then north along Half Moon Grundy Road to County Road D19, then the point of beginning. Avenue to Highway 6; then west along west along County Road D19 to Butler Muskegon Wastewater GMU: That Highway 6 to Echo Avenue; then north Road, then north along Butler Road to portion of Muskegon County within the along Echo Avenue to 250th Street; then County Road C57, then north and east boundaries of the Muskegon County east on 250th Street to Green Castle along County Road C57 to U.S. Highway wastewater system, east of the Avenue; then north along Green Castle 63, then south along U.S. Highway 63 to Muskegon State Game Area, in sections Avenue to County Road F12; then west County Road C66, then east along 5, 6, 7, 8, 17, 18, 19, 20, 29, 30, and 32, along County Road F12 to County Road County Road C66 to the point of T10N R14W, and sections 1, 2, 10, 11, W30; then north along County Road beginning. 12, 13, 14, 24, and 25, T10N R15W, as W30 to Highway 151; then north along posted. the Linn–Benton County line to the Regular Seasons point of beginning. Minnesota Same zones as for ducks. Des Moines Goose Zone: Includes Same zones as for ducks. those portions of Polk, Warren, Kentucky Missouri Madison, and Dallas Counties bounded as follows: Beginning at the intersection Northeast Goose Zone: Bath, Menifee, Same zones as for ducks. Morgan (except the portion that lies of Northwest 158th Avenue and County Ohio Road R38 in Polk County; then south within the Paintsville Lake Wildlife along R38 to Northwest 142nd Avenue; Management Area), and Rowan Same zones as for ducks. Counties except that no goose hunting is then east along Northwest 142nd Tennessee Avenue to Northeast 126th Avenue; permitted on public land (U.S. Forest then east along Northeast 126th Avenue Service) and water within the block of Northwest Goose Zone: Lake, Obion, to Northeast 46th Street; then south land lying inside the boundaries of Hwy Weakley, and Dyer Counties, excluding along Northeast 46th Street to Highway 801, Hwy 1274, Hwy 36, Hwy 211, Hwy that portion south of State Highway 104; 931; then east along Highway 931 to 60, and Hwy 826. and Gibson County, excluding that Northeast 80th Street; then south along Western Goose Zone: The Western portion south of State Highway 104 and Northeast 80th Street to Southeast 6th Goose Zone includes Henderson County west of U.S. Highways 45 and 45W. Avenue; then west along Southeast 6th and the portion of Kentucky west of Remainder of State: That portion of Avenue to Highway 65; then south and U.S. 60 from the Henderson–Union Tennessee outside of the Northwest west along Highway 65 to Highway 69 County line to U.S. 641; U.S. 641 to Goose Zone. in Warren County; then south along Interstate 24; Interstate 24 to the Wisconsin Highway 69 to County Road G24; then Purchase Parkway; and the Purchase Early Canada Goose Seasons west along County Road G24 to Parkway. Highway 28; then southwest along Remainder of State: The remainder of Early-Season Subzone A: That portion Highway 28 to 43rd Avenue; then north Kentucky outside the Northeast and of the State encompassed by a line along 43rd Avenue to Ford Street; then Western Goose Zones. beginning at the intersection of U.S. west along Ford Street to Filmore Street; Highway 141 and the Michigan border then west along Filmore Street to 10th Louisiana near Niagara, then south along U.S. 141 Avenue; then south along 10th Avenue to State Highway 22, west and to 155th Street in Madison County; then North Zone: That portion of the State southwest along State 22 to U.S. 45, west along 155th Street to Cumming north of the line from the Texas border south along U.S. 45 to State 22, west Road; then north along Cumming Road at Hwy 190/12 east to Hwy 49, then and south along State 22 to State 110, to Badger Creek Avenue; then north south on Hwy 49 to I–10, then east on south along State 110 to U.S. 10, south along Badger Creek Avenue to County I–10 to I–12, then east on I–12 to I–10, along U.S. 10 to State 49, south along Road F90 in Dallas County; then east then east on I–10 to the Mississippi State 49 to State 23, west along State 23 along County Road F90 to County Road State line. to State 73, south along State 73 to State R22; then north along County Road R22 South Zone: Remainder of the State. 60, west along State 60 to State 23,

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south along State 23 to State 11, east Road 872 to the Knox County Line, North Dakota along State 11 to State 78, then south north along the Knox County Line to the Missouri River Canada Goose Zone: along State 78 to the Illinois border. South Dakota State line. Where the The area within and bounded by a line Early-Season Subzone B: The Niobrara River forms the boundary, both starting where ND Hwy 6 crosses the remainder of the State. banks of the river are included in the South Dakota border; then north on ND Niobrara Unit. Regular Seasons Hwy 6 to I–94; then west on I–94 to ND East Unit: That area north and east of Hwy 49; then north on ND Hwy 49 to Same zones as for ducks but in U.S. 81 at the Kansas–Nebraska State ND Hwy 200; then west on ND Hwy addition: line, north to NE Hwy 91, east to U.S. 200; then north on ND Hwy 8 to the Horicon Zone: That portion of the 275, south to U.S. 77, south to NE 91, Mercer/McLean County line; then east State encompassed by a boundary east to U.S. 30, east to the Nebraska– following the county line until it turns beginning at the intersection of State 23 Iowa State line. south toward Garrison Dam; then east and State 73 and moves south along Platte River Unit: That area north and along a line (including Mallard Island) State 73 until the intersection of State of Lake Sakakawea to U.S. Hwy 83; then 73 and State 60, then moves east along west of U.S. 81 at the Kansas–Nebraska State line, north to NE Hwy 91, west south on U.S. Hwy 83 to ND Hwy 200; State 60 until the intersection of State then east on ND Hwy 200 to ND Hwy 60 and State 83, and then moves north along NE 91 to NE 11, north to the Holt County line, west along the northern 41; then south on ND Hwy 41 to U.S. along State 83 until the intersection of Hwy 83; then south on U.S. Hwy 83 to State 83 and State 33 at which point it border of Garfield, Loup, Blaine, and Thomas Counties to the Hooker County I–94; then east on I–94 to U.S. Hwy 83; moves east until the intersection of State then south on U.S. Hwy 83 to the South 33 and U.S .45, then moves north along line, south along the Thomas–Hooker County lines to the McPherson County Dakota border; then west along the U.S. 45 until the intersection of U.S. 45 South Dakota border to ND Hwy 6. and State 23, at which point it moves line, east along the south border of Thomas County to the western line of Western North Dakota Canada Goose west along State 23 until the Zone: Same as the High Plains Unit for intersection of State 23 and State 73. Custer County, south along the Custer– Logan County line to NE 92, west to ducks, mergansers and coots, excluding Central Flyway U.S. 83, north to NE 92, west to NE 61, the Missouri River Canada Goose Zone. Rest of State: Remainder of North south along NE 61 to NE 92, west along Colorado (Central Flyway Portion) Dakota. NE 92 to U.S. Hwy 26, south along U.S. Northern Front Range Area: All areas Hwy 26 to Keith County Line, south South Dakota in Boulder, Larimer, and Weld Counties along Keith County Line to the Colorado Early Canada Goose Seasons from the Continental Divide east along State line. the Wyoming border to U.S. 85, south Special Early Canada Goose Unit: The on U.S. 85 to the Adams County line, Panhandle Unit: That area north and Counties of Campbell, Clark, Codington, and all lands in Adams, Arapahoe, west of Keith–Deuel County Line at the Day, Deuel, Grant, Hamlin, Marshall, Broomfield, Clear Creek, Denver, Nebraska–Colorado State line, north Roberts, Walworth; that portion of Douglas, Gilpin, and Jefferson Counties. along the Keith County Line to U.S. Perkins County west of State Highway North Park Area: Jackson County. Hwy 26, west to NE Hwy 92, east to NE 75 and south of State Highway 20; that South Park and San Luis Valley Area: Hwy 61, north along NE Hwy 61 to NE portion of Dewey County north of All of Alamosa, Chaffee, Conejos, Hwy 2, west along NE 2 to the corner Bureau of Indian Affairs Road 8, Bureau Costilla, Custer, Fremont, Lake, Park, formed by Garden–Grant–Sheridan of Indian Affairs Road 9, and the section Rio Grande, and Teller Counties, and Counties, west along the north border of of U.S. Highway 212 east of the Bureau those portions of Saguache, Mineral, Garden, Morrill, and Scotts Bluff of Indian Affairs Road 8 junction; that and Hinsdale Counties east of the Counties to the intersection of the portion of Potter County east of U.S. Continental Divide. Interstate Canal, west to the Wyoming Highway 83; that portion of Sully Remainder: Remainder of the Central State line. County east of U.S. Highway 83; Flyway portion of Colorado. North-Central Unit: The remainder of portions of Hyde, Buffalo, Brule, and Eastern Colorado Late Light Goose the State. Charles Mix Counties north and east of Area: That portion of the State east of Light Geese a line beginning at the Hughes–Hyde Interstate Highway 25. County line on State Highway 34, east Montana (Central Flyway Portion) Rainwater Basin Light Goose Area: to Lees Boulevard, southeast to State The area bounded by the junction of NE Highway 34, east 7 miles to 350th Zone 1: Same as Zone 1 for ducks and Hwy 92 and NE Hwy 15, south along NE Avenue, south to Interstate 90 on 350th coots. Hwy 15 to NE Hwy 4, west along NE Avenue, south and east on State Zone 2: Same as Zone 2 for ducks and Hwy 4 to U.S. Hwy 34, west along U.S. Highway 50 to Geddes, east on 285th coots. Hwy 34 to U.S. Hwy 283, north along Street to U.S. Highway 281, and north Nebraska U.S. Hwy 283 to U.S. Hwy 30, east along on U.S. Highway 281 to the Charles U.S. Hwy 30 to NE Hwy 92, east along Mix–Douglas County boundary; that Dark Geese NE Hwy 92 to the beginning. portion of Bon Homme County north of Niobrara Unit: That area contained Remainder of State: The remainder of State Highway 50; those portions of within and bounded by the intersection Nebraska. Yankton and Clay Counties north of a of the South Dakota State line and the line beginning at the junction of State eastern Cherry County line, south along New Mexico (Central Flyway Portion) Highway 50 and 306th Street/County the Cherry County line to the Niobrara Dark Geese Highway 585 in Bon Homme County, River, east to the Norden Road, south on east to U.S. Highway 81, then north on the Norden Road to U.S. Hwy 20, east Middle Rio Grande Valley Unit: U.S. Highway 81 to 303rd Street, then along U.S. Hwy 20 to NE Hwy 14, north Sierra, Socorro, and Valencia Counties. east on 303rd Street to 444th Avenue, along NE Hwy 14 to NE Hwy 59 and Remainder: The remainder of the then south on 444th Avenue to 305th County Road 872, west along County Central Flyway portion of New Mexico. Street, then east on 305th Street/Bluff

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Road to State Highway 19, then south to Zone G2: Campbell, Crook, Johnson, Brawley, Davis Lake intersections; south State Highway 50 and east to the Clay/ Niobrara, Sheridan, and Weston on Blythe Ogilby Road also known as Union County Line; Aurora, Beadle, Counties. County Highway 34 to its intersection Brookings, Brown, Butte, Corson, Zone G3: Albany and Laramie with Ogilby Road; south on Ogilby Road Davison, Douglas, Edmunds, Faulk, Counties; and that portion of Carbon to its intersection with Interstate 8; east Haakon, Hand, Hanson, Harding, County east of the Continental Divide. 7 miles on Interstate 8 to its intersection Hutchinson, Jackson, Jerauld, Jones, Zone G4: Fremont County excluding with the Andrade-Algodones Road/ Kingsbury, Lake, McCook, McPherson, those portions south or west of the Highway 186; south on Highway 186 to Meade, Mellette, Miner, Moody, Oglala Continental Divide. its intersection with the U.S.–Mexico Lakota (formerly Shannon), Sanborn, border at Los Algodones, Mexico. Spink, Todd, Turner, and Ziebach Pacific Flyway Southern Zone: That portion of Counties; and those portions of Arizona southern California (but excluding the Minnehaha and Lincoln Counties Colorado River zone) south and east of Same zones as for ducks. outside of an area bounded by a line a line beginning at the mouth of the beginning at the junction of the South California Santa Maria River at the Pacific Ocean; Dakota–Minnesota State line and Northeastern Zone: That portion of east along the Santa Maria River to where it crosses Highway 101–166 near Minnehaha County Highway 122 (254th California lying east and north of a line the City of Santa Maria; north on Street) west to its junction with beginning at the intersection of Highway 101–166; east on Highway 166 Minnehaha County Highway 149 (464th Interstate 5 with the California–Oregon to the junction with Highway 99; south Avenue), south on Minnehaha County line; south along Interstate 5 to its on Highway 99 to the junction of Highway 149 (464th Avenue) to junction with Walters Lane south of the Interstate 5; south on Interstate 5 to the Hartford, then south on Minnehaha town of Yreka; west along Walters Lane crest of the Tehachapi Mountains at County Highway 151 (463rd Avenue) to to its junction with Easy Street; south Tejon Pass; east and north along the State Highway 42, east on State along Easy Street to the junction with crest of the Tehachapi Mountains to Highway 42 to State Highway 17, south Old Highway 99; south along Old where it intersects Highway 178 at on State Highway 17 to its junction with Highway 99 to the point of intersection Lincoln County Highway 116 (Klondike Walker Pass; east on Highway 178 to the with Interstate 5 north of the town of junction of Highway 395 at the town of Road), and east on Lincoln County Weed; south along Interstate 5 to its Highway 116 (Klondike Road) to the Inyokern; south on Highway 395 to the junction with Highway 89; east and junction of Highway 58; east on South Dakota–Iowa State line, then south along Highway 89 to main street north along the South Dakota–Iowa and Highway 58 to the junction of Interstate Greenville; north and east to its junction 15; east on Interstate 15 to the junction South Dakota–Minnesota border to the with North Valley Road; south to its junction of the South Dakota–Minnesota with Highway 127; north on Highway junction of Diamond Mountain Road; 127 to the point of intersection with the State line and Minnehaha County north and east to its junction with North Highway 122 (254th Street). California–Nevada State line. Arm Road; south and west to the Imperial County Special Management Regular Seasons junction of North Valley Road; south to Area: The area bounded by a line Unit 1: Same as that for the September the junction with Arlington Road (A22); beginning at Highway 86 and the Navy Canada goose season. west to the junction of Highway 89; Test Base Road; south on Highway 86 to Unit 2: Remainder of South Dakota. south and west to the junction of the town of Westmoreland; continue Unit 3: Bennett County. Highway 70; east on Highway 70 to through the town of Westmoreland to Highway 395; south and east on Route S26; east on Route S26 to Texas Highway 395 to the point of intersection Highway 115; north on Highway 115 to Northeast Goose Zone: That portion of with the California–Nevada State line; Weist Road; north on Weist Road to Texas lying east and north of a line north along the California–Nevada State Flowing Wells Road; northeast on beginning at the Texas–Oklahoma line to the junction of the California– Flowing Wells Road to the Coachella border at U.S. 81, then continuing south Nevada–Oregon State lines west along Canal; northwest on the Coachella Canal to Bowie and then southeasterly along the California–Oregon State line to the to Drop 18; a straight line from Drop 18 U.S. 81 and U.S. 287 to I–35W and I– point of origin. to Frink Road; south on Frink Road to 35 to the juncture with I–10 in San Colorado River Zone: Those portions Highway 111; north on Highway 111 to Antonio, then east on I–10 to the Texas– of San Bernardino, Riverside, and Niland Marina Road; southwest on Louisiana border. Imperial Counties east of a line from the Niland Marina Road to the old Imperial Southeast Goose Zone: That portion intersection of Highway 95 with the County boat ramp and the water line of of Texas lying east and south of a line California–Nevada State line; south on the Salton Sea; from the water line of beginning at the International Toll Highway 95 through the junction with the Salton Sea, a straight line across the Bridge at Laredo, then continuing north Highway 40; south on Highway 95 to Salton Sea to the Salinity Control following I–35 to the juncture with I–10 Vidal Junction; south through the town Research Facility and the Navy Test in San Antonio, then easterly along I– of Rice to the San Bernardino–Riverside Base Road; southwest on the Navy Test 10 to the Texas–Louisiana border. County line on a road known as Base Road to the point of beginning. West Goose Zone: The remainder of ‘‘Aqueduct Road’’ also known as Balance of State Zone: The remainder the State. Highway 62 in San Bernardino County; of California not included in the Wyoming (Central Flyway Portion) southwest on Highway 62 to Desert Northeastern, Colorado River, and Center Rice Road; south on Desert Southern Zones. Dark Geese Center Rice Road/Highway 177 to the North Coast Special Management Zone G1: Big Horn, Converse, Hot town of Desert Center; east 31 miles on Area: Del Norte and Humboldt Springs, Natrona, Park, and Washakie Interstate 10 to its intersection with Counties. Counties. Wiley Well Road; south on Wiley Well Sacramento Valley Special Zone G1A: Goshen and Platte Road to Wiley Well; southeast on Management Area: That area bounded Counties. Milpitas Wash Road to the Blythe, by a line beginning at Willows south on

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I–5 to Hahn Road; easterly on Hahn Zone 5: Valley County. Sand Lake Road at Woods, north on Road and the Grimes–Arbuckle Road to Sand Lake Road to the intersection with Light Geese Grimes; northerly on CA 45 to the McPhillips Drive, due west (∼200 yards) junction with CA 162; northerly on CA Zone 1: All lands and waters within from the intersection to the Pacific 45/162 to Glenn; and westerly on CA the Fort Hall Indian Reservation, coastline, south along the Pacific 162 to the point of beginning in including private in-holdings; Bannock coastline to a point due west of the Willows. County; Bingham County east of the western end of Pacific Avenue in Pacific west bank of the Snake River, west of City, east from this point (∼250 yards) to Colorado (Pacific Flyway Portion) the McTucker boat ramp access road, Pacific Avenue, east on Pacific Avenue Same zones as for ducks. and east of the American Falls Reservoir to Brooten Road, south and then east on Idaho bluff, except that portion within the Brooten Road to Highway 101, north on Blackfoot Reservoir drainage; Caribou Highway 101 to Resort Drive, north on Canada Geese and Brant County within the Fort Hall Indian Resort Drive to a point due west of the Zone 1: All lands and waters within Reservation; and Power County below south shores of Horn Creek at its the Fort Hall Indian Reservation, the American Falls Reservoir bluff, and confluence with the Nestucca River, due including private in-holdings; Bannock within the Fort Hall Indian Reservation. east (∼80 yards) across the Nestucca County; Bingham County, except that Zone 2: Franklin and Oneida River to the south shores of Horn Creek, portion within the Blackfoot Reservoir Counties; Bingham County west of the east along the south shores of Horn drainage; Caribou County within the west bank of the Snake River, east of the Creek to the point of beginning. Fort Hall Indian Reservation; and Power McTucker boat ramp access road, and Southwest Zone: Those portions of County east of State Highway 37 and west of the American Falls Reservoir Douglas, Coos, and Curry Counties east State Highway 39. bluff; Power County, except below the of Highway 101, and Josephine and Zone 2: Bonneville, Butte, Clark, American Falls Reservoir bluff and Jackson Counties. Fremont, Jefferson, Madison, and Teton those lands and waters within the Fort South Coast Zone: Those portions of Counties. Hall Indian Reservation. Douglas, Coos, and Curry Counties west Zone 3: Ada, Adams, Benewah, Zone 3: Ada, Boise, Canyon, Cassia, of Highway 101. Blaine, Boise, Bonner, Boundary, Elmore, Gem, Gooding, Jerome, Lincoln, Eastern Zone: Baker, Crook, Camas, Canyon, Cassia, Clearwater, Minidoka, Owyhee, Payette, Twin Falls, Deschutes, Gilliam, Grant, Hood River, Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Gem, Gooding, and Washington Counties. Jefferson, Morrow, Sherman, Umatilla, Idaho, Jerome, Kootenai, Latah, Lemhi, Zone 4: Adams, Benewah, Blaine, Union, Wallowa, Wasco, and Wheeler Lewis, Lincoln, Minidoka, Nez Perce, Bonner, Boundary, Camas, Clearwater, Counties. Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Shoshone, Custer, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lemhi, Klamath County Zone: Klamath Twin Falls, and Washington Counties; Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone County. and Power County west of State Counties. Harney and Lake County Zone: Highway 37 and State Highway 39. Zone 5: Bear Lake, Bonneville, Butte, Harney and Lake Counties. Zone 4: Bear Lake County; Bingham Clark, Fremont, Jefferson, Madison, and Malheur County Zone: Malheur County within the Blackfoot Reservoir Teton Counties; Bingham County within County. drainage; and Caribou County, except the Blackfoot Reservoir drainage; and Utah that portion within the Fort Hall Indian Caribou County except within the Fort Reservation. Hall Indian Reservation. East Box Elder County Zone: Zone 5: Valley County. Zone 6: Valley County. Boundary begins at the intersection of the eastern boundary of Public Shooting White-Fronted Geese Nevada Grounds Waterfowl Management Area Zone 1: All lands and waters within Same zones as for ducks. and SR–83 (Promontory Road); east the Fort Hall Indian Reservation, along SR–83 to I–15; south on I–15 to including private in-holdings; Bannock New Mexico (Pacific Flyway Portion) the Perry access road; southwest along County; Bingham County except that North Zone: The Pacific Flyway this road to the Bear River Bird Refuge portion within the Blackfoot Reservoir portion of New Mexico located north of boundary; west, north, and then east drainage; Caribou County within the I–40. along the refuge boundary until it Fort Hall Indian Reservation; and Power South Zone: The Pacific Flyway intersects the Public Shooting Grounds County east of State Highway 37 and portion of New Mexico located south of Waterfowl Management Area boundary; State Highway 39. I–40. east and north along the Public Shooting Zone 2: Bear Lake, Bonneville, Butte, Grounds Waterfowl Management Area Oregon Clark, Fremont, Jefferson, Madison, and boundary to SR–83. Teton Counties; Bingham County within Northwest Permit Zone: Benton, Wasatch Front Zone: Boundary begins the Blackfoot Reservoir drainage; and Clackamas, Clatsop, Columbia, Lane, at the Weber–Box Elder County line at Caribou County except within the Fort Lincoln, Linn, Marion, Multnomah, I–15; east along Weber County line to Hall Indian Reservation. Polk, Tillamook, Washington, and U.S.–89; south on U.S.–89 to I–84; east Zone 3: Adams, Benewah, Blaine, Yamhill Counties. and south on I–84 to I–80; south on I– Bonner, Boundary, Camas, Clearwater, Lower Columbia/N. Willamette Valley 80 to U.S.–189; south and west on U.S.– Custer, Franklin, Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Management Area: Those portions of 189 to the Utah County line; southeast Lemhi, Lewis, Nez Perce, Oneida, and Clatsop, Columbia, Multnomah, and and then west along this line to the Shoshone Counties; and Power County Washington Counties within the Tooele County line; north along the west of State Highway 37 and State Northwest Special Permit Zone. Tooele County line to I–80; east on I– Highway 39. Tillamook County Management Area: 80 to Exit 99; north from Exit 99 along Zone 4: Ada, Boise, Canyon, Cassia, That portion of Tillamook County a direct line to the southern tip of Elmore, Gem, Gooding, Jerome, Lincoln, beginning at the point where Old Woods Promontory Point and Promontory Minidoka, Owyhee, Payette, Twin Falls, Road crosses the south shores of Horn Road; east and north along this road to and Washington Counties. Creek, north on Old Woods Road to the causeway separating Bear River Bay

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from Ogden Bay; east on this causeway Day, Deuel, Edmunds, Faulk, Grant, South Zone: The remainder of the to the southwest corner of Great Salt Hamlin, Hand, Hanson, Hughes, Hyde, State. Lake Mineral Corporations (GSLMC) Jerauld, Kingsbury, Lake, Marshall, Mississippi west impoundment; north and east McCook, McPherson, Miner, along GSLMC’s west impoundment to Minnehaha, Moody, Potter, Roberts, North Zone: That portion of the State the northwest corner of the Sanborn, Spink, Sully, and Walworth north and west of a line extending west impoundment; north from this point Counties. from the Alabama State line along U.S. Highway 84 to its junction with State along a direct line to the southern Pacific Flyway boundary of Bear River Migratory Bird Highway 35, then south along State Refuge; east along this southern Montana (Pacific Flyway Portion) Highway 35 to the Louisiana State line. South Zone: The remainder of boundary to the Perry access road; Open Area: Cascade, Chouteau, Hill, Mississippi. northeast along this road to I–15; south Liberty, and Toole Counties and those along I–15 to the Weber–Box Elder portions of Pondera and Teton Counties Texas County line. lying east of U.S. 287–89. Southern Zone: boundary includes North Zone: That portion of the State Beaver, Carbon, Emery, Garfield, Grand, Nevada north of a line beginning at the International Bridge south of Fort Iron, Juab, Kane, Millard, Piute, San Open Area: Churchill, Lyon, and Hancock; north along FM 1088 to TX 20; Juan, Sanpete, Sevier, Washington, and Pershing Counties. Wayne Counties, and that part of Tooele west along TX 20 to TX 148; north along Utah County south of I–80. TX 148 to I–10 at Fort Hancock; east Northern Zone: The remainder of Open Area: Those portions of Box along I–10 to I–20; northeast along I–20 Utah not included in the East Box Elder Elder, Weber, Davis, Salt Lake, and to I–30 at Fort Worth; northeast along I– County, Wasatch Front, and Southern Toole Counties lying west of I–15, north 30 to the Texas–Arkansas State line. Zones. of I–80, and south of a line beginning Central Zone: That portion of the from the Forest Street exit to the Bear State lying between the North and South Washington River National Wildlife Refuge Zones. Area 1: Skagit, Island, and Snohomish boundary; then north and west along the South Zone: That portion of the State Counties. Bear River National Wildlife Refuge south and west of a line beginning at the Area 2 Inland (Southwest Permit boundary to the farthest west boundary International Bridge south of Del Rio, Zone): Clark, Cowlitz, and Wahkiakum of the Refuge; then west along a line to proceeding east on U.S. 90 to State Loop Counties, and that portion of Grays Promontory Road; then north on 1604 west of San Antonio; then south, Harbor County east of Highway 101. Promontory Road to the intersection of east, and north along Loop 1604 to I–10 Area 2 Coastal (Southwest Permit SR 83; then north on SR 83 to I–84; then east of San Antonio; then east on I–10 Zone): Pacific County and that portion north and west on I–84 to State Hwy 30; to Orange, Texas. of Grays Harbor County west of then west on State Hwy 30 to the Special White-winged Dove Area in Highway 101. Nevada–Utah State line; then south on the South Zone: Same as the South Area 3: All areas west of the Pacific the Nevada–Utah State line to I–80. Zone. Crest Trail and west of the Big White Band-Tailed Pigeons Salmon River that are not included in Doves Areas 1, 2A, and 2B. Alabama California Area 4: Adams, Benton, Chelan, South Zone: Baldwin, Barbour, North Zone: Alpine, Butte, Del Norte, Douglas, Franklin, Grant, Kittitas, Coffee, Covington, Dale, Escambia, Glenn, Humboldt, Lassen, Mendocino, Lincoln, Okanogan, Spokane, and Walla Geneva, Henry, Houston, and Mobile Modoc, Plumas, Shasta, Sierra, Walla Counties. Counties. Siskiyou, Tehama, and Trinity Counties. Area 5: All areas east of the Pacific North Zone: Remainder of the State. South Zone: The remainder of the Crest Trail and east of the Big White State not included in the North Zone. Salmon River that are not included in Florida New Mexico Area 4. Northwest Zone: The Counties of Bay, North Zone: North of a line following Brant Calhoun, Escambia, Franklin, Gadsden, Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Liberty, U.S. 60 from the Arizona State line east Pacific Flyway Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, to I–25 at Socorro and then south along I–25 from Socorro to the Texas State California Washington, Leon (except that portion north of U.S. 27 and east of State Road line. Northern Zone: Del Norte, Humboldt, 155), Jefferson (south of U.S. 27, west of South Zone: The remainder of the and Mendocino Counties. State Road 59 and north of U.S. 98), and State not included in the North Zone. Balance of State Zone: The remainder Wakulla (except that portion south of Washington of the State not included in the U.S. 98 and east of the St. Marks River). Northern Zone. South Zone: The remainder of the Western Washington: The State of State. Washington excluding those portions Washington lying east of the Pacific Crest Trail and Puget Sound Zone: Clallam, Skagit, Louisiana east of the Big White Salmon River in and Whatcom Counties. North Zone: That portion of the State Klickitat County. Coastal Zone: Pacific County. north of a line extending east from the Woodcock Swans Texas border along State Highway 12 to U.S. Highway 190, east along U.S. 190 New Jersey Central Flyway to Interstate Highway 12, east along North Zone: That portion of the State South Dakota: Aurora, Beadle, Interstate Highway 12 to Interstate north of NJ 70. Brookings, Brown, Brule, Buffalo, Highway 10, then east along Interstate South Zone: The remainder of the Campbell, Clark, Codington, Davison, Highway 10 to the Mississippi border. State.

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Sandhill Cranes west by New Mexico Highway 55 State line to the south bank of the Red beginning at Mountainair north to NM River, then eastward along the Mississippi Flyway 337, north to NM 14, north to I–25; on vegetation line on the south bank of the Minnesota the north by I–25 east to U.S. 285; on Red River to U.S. Highway 81. Northwest Zone: That portion of the the east by U.S. 285 south to U.S. 60; Zone C: The remainder of the State, State encompassed by a line extending and on the south by U.S. 60 from U.S. except for the closed areas. east from the North Dakota border along 285 west to NM 55 in Mountainair. Closed areas: Southwest Zone: Area bounded on the U.S. Highway 2 to State Trunk Highway A. That portion of the State lying east south by the New Mexico–Mexico (STH) 32, north along STH 32 to STH and north of a line beginning at the border; on the west by the New Mexico– 92, east along STH 92 to County State junction of U.S. Highway 81 and the Arizona border north to Interstate 10; on Aid Highway (CSAH) 2 in Polk County, Texas–Oklahoma State line, then the north by Interstate 10 east to U.S. north along CSAH 2 to CSAH 27 in southeast along U.S. Highway 81 to its 180, north to NM 26, east to NM 27, Pennington County, north along CSAH junction with U.S. Highway 287 in north to NM 152, and east to Interstate 27 to STH 1, east along STH 1 to CSAH Montague County, then southeast along 25; on the east by Interstate 25 south to 28 in Pennington County, north along U.S. Highway 287 to its junction with I– Interstate 10, west to the Luna County CSAH 28 to CSAH 54 in Marshall 35W in Fort Worth, then southwest line, and south to the New Mexico– County, north along CSAH 54 to CSAH along I–35 to its junction with U.S. Mexico border. 9 in Roseau County, north along CSAH Highway 290 East in Austin, then east 9 to STH 11, west along STH 11 to STH North Dakota along U.S. Highway 290 to its junction with Interstate Loop 610 in Harris 310, and north along STH 310 to the Area 1: That portion of the State west Manitoba border. County, then south and east along of U.S. 281. Interstate Loop 610 to its junction with Tennessee Area 2: That portion of the State east Interstate Highway 45 in Houston, then of U.S. 281. Southeast Crane Zone: That portion of south on Interstate Highway 45 to State the State south of Interstate 40 and east Oklahoma Highway 342, then to the shore of the of State Highway 56. Open Area: That portion of the State Gulf of Mexico, and then north and east Remainder of State: That portion of west of I–35. along the shore of the Gulf of Mexico to Tennessee outside of the Southeast the Texas–Louisiana State line. Crane Zone. South Dakota B. That portion of the State lying within the boundaries of a line Central Flyway Open Area: That portion of the State west of U.S. 281. beginning at the Kleberg–Nueces County Colorado line and the shore of the Gulf of Mexico, Texas then west along the County line to Park Open Area: The Central Flyway Road 22 in Nueces County, then north portion of the State except the San Luis Zone A: That portion of Texas lying and west along Park Road 22 to its Valley (Alamosa, Conejos, Costilla, west of a line beginning at the junction with State Highway 358 in Hinsdale, Mineral, Rio Grande, and international toll bridge at Laredo, then Corpus Christi, then west and north Saguache Counties east of the northeast along U.S. Highway 81 to its along State Highway 358 to its junction Continental Divide) and North Park junction with Interstate Highway 35 in with State Highway 286, then north (Jackson County). Laredo, then north along Interstate Highway 35 to its junction with along State Highway 286 to its junction Kansas Interstate Highway 10 in San Antonio, with Interstate Highway 37, then east Open Area: That portion of the State then northwest along Interstate Highway along Interstate Highway 37 to its west of a line beginning at the 10 to its junction with U.S. Highway 83 junction with U.S. Highway 181, then Oklahoma border, north on I–35 to at Junction, then north along U.S. north and west along U.S. Highway 181 Wichita, north on I–135 to Salina, and Highway 83 to its junction with U.S. to its junction with U.S. Highway 77 in north on U.S. 81 to the Nebraska border. Highway 62, 16 miles north of Sinton, then north and east along U.S. Childress, then east along U.S. Highway Highway 77 to its junction with U.S. Montana 62 to the Texas–Oklahoma State line. Highway 87 in Victoria, then south and Regular Season Open Area: The Zone B: That portion of Texas lying east along U.S. Highway 87 to its Central Flyway portion of the State within boundaries beginning at the junction with State Highway 35 at Port except for that area south and west of junction of U.S. Highway 81 and the Lavaca, then north and east along State Interstate 90, which is closed to sandhill Texas–Oklahoma State line, then Highway 35 to the south end of the crane hunting. southeast along U.S. Highway 81 to its Lavaca Bay Causeway, then south and Special Season Open Area: Carbon junction with U.S. Highway 287 in east along the shore of Lavaca Bay to its County. Montague County, then southeast along junction with the Port Lavaca Ship U.S. Highway 287 to its junction with Channel, then south and east along the New Mexico Interstate Highway 35W in Fort Worth, Lavaca Bay Ship Channel to the Gulf of Regular-Season Open Area: Chaves, then southwest along Interstate Mexico, and then south and west along Curry, De Baca, Eddy, Lea, Quay, and Highway 35 to its junction with the shore of the Gulf of Mexico to the Roosevelt Counties. Interstate Highway 10 in San Antonio, Kleberg–Nueces County line. then northwest along Interstate Highway Wyoming Special Season Open Areas 10 to its junction with U.S. Highway 83 Middle Rio Grande Valley Area: The in the town of Junction, then north Regular Season Open Area: Campbell, Central Flyway portion of New Mexico along U.S. Highway 83 to its junction Converse, Crook, Goshen, Laramie, in Socorro and Valencia Counties. with U.S. Highway 62, 16 miles north of Niobrara, Platte, and Weston Counties. Estancia Valley Area: Those portions Childress, then east along U.S. Highway Special Season Open Areas of Santa Fe, Torrance, and Bernallilo 62 to the Texas–Oklahoma State line, Riverton–Boysen Unit: Portions of Counties within an area bounded on the then south along the Texas–Oklahoma Fremont County.

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Big Horn, Hot Springs, Park, and Area 5: All of Bannock County east of Junction; west and south on the Washakie County Unit: All of Big Horn, Interstate 15 and south of U.S. Highway Promontory Point County Road to the Hot Springs, Park, and Washakie 30; and all of Franklin County. tip of Promontory Point; south from Counties. Area 6: That portion of Oneida Promontory Point to the Box Elder– Johnson, Natrona, and Sheridan County within the boundary beginning Weber County line; east on the Box County Unit: All of Johnson, Natrona, at the intersection of the Idaho–Utah Elder–Weber County line to the Box and Sheridan Counties. border and Old Highway 191, then Elder–Cache County line; north on the north on Old Highway 191 to 1500 S, Box Elder–Cache County line to the Pacific Flyway then west on 1500 S to Highway 38, Utah–Idaho State line. Arizona then west on Highway 38 to 5400 W, Rich County: Rich County. Zone 1: Beginning at the junction of then south on 5400 W to Pocatello Uintah County: Uintah County. Valley Road, then west and south on the New Mexico State line and U.S. Wyoming Hwy 80; south along the State line to the Pocatello Valley Road to 10000 W, then south on 10000 W to the Idaho–Utah Area 1 (Bear River): All of the Bear U.S.–Mexico border; west along the River and Ham’s Fork River drainages in border to the San Pedro River; north border, then east along the Idaho–Utah border to the beginning point. Lincoln County. along the San Pedro River to the Area 2 (Salt River Area): All of the junction with Arizona Hwy 77; Montana Salt River drainage in Lincoln County northerly along Arizona Hwy 77 to the Zone 1 (Warm Springs Portion of Deer south of the McCoy Creek Road. Gila River; northeast along the Gila Lodge County): Those portions of Deer Area 3 (Eden Valley Area): All lands River to the San Carlos Indian Lodge County lying within the within the Bureau of Reclamation’s Reservation boundary; south then east following described boundary: Eden Project in Sweetwater County. and north along the reservation Beginning at the intersection of I–90 and Area 5 (Uintah County Area): Uinta boundary to U.S. Hwy 70; southeast on Highway 273, then westerly along County. U.S. Hwy 70 to U.S. Hwy 191; south on Highway 273 to the junction of Highway All Migratory Game Birds in Alaska U.S. Hwy 191 to the 352 exit on I–10; 1, then southeast along said highway to east on I–10 to Bowie-Apache Pass Highway 275 at Opportunity, then east North Zone: State Game Management Road; southerly on the Bowie-Apache along said highway to East Side County Units 11–13 and 17–26. Pass Road to Arizona Hwy 186; road, then north along said road to Gulf Coast Zone: State Game southeasterly on Arizona Hwy 186 to Perkins Lane, then west on said lane to Management Units 5–7, 9, 14–16, and Arizona Hwy 181; south on Arizona I–90, then north on said interstate to the 10 (Unimak Island only). Hwy 181 to the West Turkey Creek- junction of Highway 273, the point of Southeast Zone: State Game Kuykendall cutoff road; southerly on the beginning. Except for sections 13 and Management Units 1–4. Kuykendall cutoff road to Rucker 24, T5N, R10W; and Warm Springs Pribilof and Aleutian Islands Zone: Canyon Road; easterly on Rucker Pond number 3. State Game Management Unit 10 (except Canyon Road to the Tex Canyon Road; Zone 2 (Ovando–Helmville Area): Unimak Island). southerly on Tex Canyon Road to U.S. That portion of the Pacific Flyway, Kodiak Zone: State Game Hwy 80; northeast on U.S. Hwy 80 to located in Powell County lying within Management Unit 8. the New Mexico State line. the following described boundary: Zone 2: Beginning at I–10 and the All Migratory Game Birds in the Virgin Beginning at the junction of State Islands New Mexico State line; north along the Routes 141 and 200, then west along State line to Arizona Hwy 78; southwest Route 200 to its intersection with the Ruth Cay Closure Area: The island of on Arizona Hwy 78 to U.S. Hwy 191; Blackfoot River at Russell Gates Fishing Ruth Cay, just south of St. Croix. northwest on U.S. Hwy 191 to Clifton; Access Site (Powell–Missoula County All Migratory Game Birds in Puerto westerly on the Lower Eagle Creek Road line), then southeast along said river to Rico (Pump Station Road) to Eagle Creek; its intersection with the Ovando– northerly along Eagle Creek to the San Helmville Road (County Road 104) at Municipality of Culebra Closure Area: Carlos Indian Reservation boundary; Cedar Meadows Fishing Access Site, All of the municipality of Culebra. southerly and west along the reservation then south and east along said road to Desecheo Island Closure Area: All of boundary to U.S. Hwy 70; southeast on its junction with State Route 141, then Desecheo Island. U.S. Hwy 70 to U.S. Hwy 191; south on north along said route to its junction Mona Island Closure Area: All of U.S. Hwy 191 to I–10; easterly on I–10 with State Route 200, the point of Mona Island. to the New Mexico State line. beginning. El Verde Closure Area: Those areas of the municipalities of Rio Grande and Idaho Zone 3 (Dillon/Twin Bridges/Cardwell Areas): Beaverhead, Gallatin, Jefferson, Loiza delineated as follows: (1) All Area 1: All of Bear Lake County and and Madison Counties. lands between Routes 956 on the west all of Caribou County except that Zone 4 (Broadwater County): and 186 on the east, from Route 3 on the portion lying within the Grays Lake Broadwater County. north to the juncture of Routes 956 and Basin. 186 (Km 13.2) in the south; (2) all lands Area 2: All of Teton County except Utah between Routes 186 and 966 from the that portion lying west of State Highway Cache County: Cache County. juncture of 186 and 966 on the north, to 33 and south of Packsaddle Road (West East Box Elder County: That portion the Caribbean National Forest Boundary 400 North) and north of the North of Box Elder County beginning on the on the south; (3) all lands lying west of Cedron Road (West 600 South) and east Utah–Idaho State line at the Box Elder– Route 186 for 1 kilometer from the of the west bank of the Teton River. Cache County line; west on the State juncture of Routes 186 and 956 south to Area 3: All of Fremont County except line to the Pocatello Valley County Km 6 on Route 186; (4) all lands within the Chester Wetlands Wildlife Road; south on the Pocatello Valley Km 14 and Km 6 on the west and the Management Area. County Road to I–15; southeast on I–15 Caribbean National Forest Boundary on Area 4: All of Jefferson County. to SR–83; south on SR–83 to Lamp the east; and (5) all lands within the

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Caribbean National Forest Boundary it leaves the municipality of Cidra on Highway 1, southwest on Highway 1 to whether private or public. the west edge, north to Highway 156, Highway 14, west on Highway 14 to Cidra Municipality and adjacent east on Highway 156 to Highway 1, Highway 729, north on Highway 729 to areas: All of Cidra Municipality and south on Highway 1 to Highway 765, Cidra Municipality boundary to the portions of Aguas Buenas, Caguas, south on Highway 765 to Highway 763, point of the beginning. Cayey, and Comerio Municipalities as south on Highway 763 to the Rio [FR Doc. 2018–11759 Filed 6–1–18; 8:45 am] encompassed within the following Guavate, west along Rio Guavate to boundary: Beginning on Highway 172 as BILLING CODE 4333–15–P

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