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Films

Achhut Kanya. Dir. . Perf. , . . 1936. Film.

A Throw of Dice. Dir. Himansu Rai. Perf. Himansu Rai, Charu Roy, Seeta Devi. Himansu Rai in collaboration with British Instructional Films Ltd. of U.K., and Ufa. 1930. Film.

Durga. Dir. Franz Osten. Perf. Devika Rani, Rama Shukal. Bombay Talkies. 1939. Film.

Izzat. Dir. Franz Osten. Perf. Devika Rani, Ashok Kumar. Bombay Talkies. 1939. Film.

Janmabhoomi. Dir. Franz Osten. Perf. Devika Rani, Ashok Kumar. Bombay Talkies. 1936. Film.

Light of Asia. Dir. Franz Osten. Perf. Himansu Rai, Seeta Devi, Prafulla Roy. Great Eastern Film Corporation of Delhi and Emelka Film Co. of . 1926.

Official Records related to Cinema

Evidence of the Indian Cinematograph Committee, 1927-1928 (5 vols., Calcutta, 1928). Print.

The Indian Cinematograph Committee Report, 1927-1928 (Calcutta, 1928). Print.

The Evans Report (1922), Pdf.

Report of the Film Enquiery Committee, 1951 (New Delhi, 1951). Print.

239

Film Journals and special issues

Filmland

The Cinema

Varieties Weekly

Filmindia

The Mirror

The Indian Cinematograph Year Book, 1938 (Bombay, 1938). Print.

Variety

Books

Benjamin, Walter, Michael William Jennings, and Brigid Doherty. The work of art in the age of its technological reproducibility, and other writings on media. Harvard University Press, 2008. Print.

Bergson, Henri. Creative Evolution. (1907) Trans. Arthur Mitchell. Mineola, NY: Dover (1998). Print.

Bergson, Henri. Matter and Memory. Trans. Nancy Margaret Paul and W. Scott Palmer. (1912). Print.

Bhattacharya, Indranil. Visions of Splendour: Himansu Rai and Indian Cinema. NFAI, 2009. Print.

Bogue, Ronald. Deleuze on cinema. Routledge, 2013. Print.

Bourdieu, Pierre. Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Harvard University Press, 1984. Print.

Bourdieu, Pierre, and Randal Johnson. The field of cultural production: Essays on art and literature. Columbia University Press, 1993. Print.

Calhoun, Craig J. Habermas and the public sphere. MIT press, 1996. Print.

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Chakrabarty, Dipesh. Habitations of modernity: Essays in the wake of subaltern studies. University of Chicago Press, 2002. Print.

Chakrabarty, Dipesh. Provincializing Europe: Postcolonial thought and historical difference. Princeton University Press, 2009. Print.

Chanan, Michael. The dream that kicks: the prehistory and early years of cinema in Britain. Routledge, 2003. Print.

Chitnis, Leela. Chanderi Duniyet. 2nd ed. Pune: Shrividya Prakashan, 1981. Print.

Deleuze, Gilles. Cinema 1: The movement-image trans. Hugh Tomlinson and Barbara Habberjam, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1986. Print.

Deleuze, Gilles. Cinema 2: The time-image. trans. Hugh Tomlinson and Robert Galeta (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1989. Print.

Deleuze, Gilles. Negotiations 1972-1990. Columbia University Press, 1997. Print.

Deleuze, Gilles. Essays critical and clinical. Verso, 1998. Print.

Deleuze, Gilles, and Félix Guattari. What is Philosophy?, trans. Hugh Tomlinson and Graham Burchell. New York: Columbia University Press, 1994. Print.

Dwyer, Rachel. Filming the gods: Religion and Indian cinema. Routledge, 2006. Print.

Fazalbhoy, Y. A. The Indian Film: A Review. Bombay: Bombay Radio Press, 1939. Print.

Habermas, Jürgen. The structural transformation of the public sphere: An inquiry into a category of bourgeois society. MIT press, 1991. Print.

Jaikumar, Priya. Cinema at the end of empire: A politics of transition in Britain and . Duke University Press, 2006. Print.

Joshi, Kusum and Lalit Joshi. : A Forgotten Legend and Such is Life. South Asian Foundation, , 2011. Print.

Koch, Gerhard. Franz Osten's Indian silent films. Max Mueller Bhavan, 1983. Print.

241

Majumdar, Neepa. Wanted cultured ladies only!: female stardom and cinema in India, 1930s-1950s. University of Illinois Press, 2009. Print.

Martin-Jones, David. Deleuze and world cinemas. Bloomsbury Publishing, 2011. Pdf.

Monaco, James. How to read a film: the world of movies, media, and multimedia: language, history, theory. Oxford University Press, USA, 2000. Print.

Mukherjee, Madhuja. New Theatres Ltd: The Emblem of Art, the Picture of Success. National Film Archive of India, , Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, 2009. Print.

Mujawar, Isaac. Prabhat Chitre. Navachaitanya Prakashan, , 2008. Print.

Mujawar, Isaac. Phalke. Navachaitanya Prakashan, Pune, 2010.

Muybridge, Eadweard. Animals in motion. Courier Corporation, 2012. Pdf.

Naregal, Veena. Language Politics, Elites, and the Public Sphere. Ranikhet: Permenant Black. 2001. Print

Natarajan, Swaminath. "A History of the Press in India." (1962). Print.

Oommen, M. A. and K. V. Joseph. Economics of Indian Cinema. New Delhi: Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., 1991. Print.

Peirce, Charles S. Collected Papers of Charles Sanders Peirce. Ed. Charles Hartshorne. Vol. 8. Harvard University Press, 1974. Print.

Prasad, M. Madhava. Ideology of the film: a historical construction/M. Madhava Prasad. Oxford University Press, 1998. Print.

Rajadhyaksha, Ashish, and Paul Willemen. Encyclopedia of Indian cinema. Routledge, 2014. Print.

Roy, Anjali. The Magic of : At Home and Abroad. London: Sage, 2012. Print.

Thompson, Kristin. Exporting entertainment: America in the world film market, 1907- 34. British Film Inst, 1985. Pdf.

242

Wadakar, Hansa. Sangatye Aika. 15th ed.Pune: Rajahansa Prakashan, 1970. Print.

Articles

Abbas, K. A. “The Only Three Great Directors of India.” Filmindia June 1940: 52- 56. Print.

Baghdadi, Rafique and Rajiv Rao. “The Romance of Bombay Talkies.” Screen 28 Sept. 1984: 4-6. Print.

Bhattacharya, Neeladri. “Notes towards a conception of the colonial public.” Civil Society, Public Sphere and Citizenship (2005): 142. Print.

Bhaumik, Kaushik. “Cinematograph to Cinema Bombay 1896–1928.” BioScope: South Asian Screen Studies 2.1 (2011): 41-67. Print.

“Bombay Calling.” Filmindia Jan. 1939: 12. Print.

Bourdieu, Pierre. “Physical space, social space and habitus.” Vilhelm Aubert Memorial lecture, Report 10 (1996). Print.

Chakrabarty, Dipesh. “Provincializing Europe: Postcoloniality and the critique of history.” Cultural studies 6.3 (1992): 337-357. Print.

Chakrabarty, Dipesh. “Modernity and ethnicity in India.” South Asia: Journal of South Asian Studies 17.s1 (1994): 143-155. Print.

Chowdhury, Ray. “Picture That Took England By Storm.” Varieties Weekly 9 March 1934: 10-12. Print.

“Cinema Log.” The Cine-Technician April-May 1937: 12. Print.

“Current Release.” Filmland 25th March 1933: 12. Print.

Dass, Manishita. “The crowd outside the lettered city: imagining the mass audience in 1920s India.” Cinema Journal 48.4 (2009): 77-98. Print.

Desai, M. “The Rise and Fall of Bombay Talkies.” Screen 12 Oct. 1984: 4. Print.

“Editor’s Mail.” Filmindia Dec. 1937: 17. Print.

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“Editor’s Mail.” Filmindia Feb. 1940: 24. Print.

“Editor’s Mail.” Filmindia Jan. 1940: 16. Print.

“Editor’s Mail.” Filmindia Jan. 1939: 18. Print.

“Eighty-Four Units shipped to India.” Projection Engineering, 12, Dec. 1931: 11. Pdf

Fraser, Nancy. “Rethinking the public sphere: A contribution to the critique of actually existing democracy.” Social text 25/26 (1990): 56-80. Pdf

Freitag, Sandria. “Visions of the nation: theorizing the nexus between creation, consumption, and participation in the public sphere.” Pleasure and the nation: The history, politics and consumption of public culture in India 3775 (2001). Print.

Garga, B. D. “Himansu Rai…from Munich to Malad.” Movie (1984): 93-98. Print.

George, Joppan. “The Many Passages of Sound Indian Talkies in the 1930s.” BioScope: South Asian Screen Studies 2.1 (2011): 83-98. Pdf

“God’s Gift of Color Sense To The World.” The International Photographer Feb. 1937: 16-17. Pdf

Gooptu, Sharmistha. “An Appeal beyond Aesthetics: Exploration of the Iconicity of New Theatres.” Economic and Political Weekly (2003): 2409-2416. Pdf

Green, A. M. “The Indian Cinematograph Industry.” Journal of the Royal Society of Arts 78.4017 (1929): 3-19. Pdf

Gvalani, Gangaram. “Motion Picture Industry in India.” Indian Cinematograph Year Book 1928. (1928): 113-127. Print

Hansen, Miriam. “Early Silent Cinema: Whose Public Sphere?.” New German Critique 29 (1983): 147-184. Pdf.

“India’s 45 Questions.” Variety 11th Jan. 1928: 4. Pdf.

Jaaware, Aniket. “Who is it that is Singing? Shot-Music-Speech.” The Indian Public Sphere: Readings in Media History, New Delhi (2009): 151-168. Print.

Jairaj. “B.T: The Complete Studio.” Screen 28 Sept. 1984: 20. Print.

244

Jaikumar, Priya. “An Act of transition: empire and the making of a national British film industry, 1927.” Screen 43.2 (2002): 119-138. Print.

Jaikumar, Priya. “More Than Morality: The Indian Cinematograph Committee Interviews (1927).” The Moving Image 3.1 (2003): 82-109. Print.

Judas. “Bombay Calling.” Filmindia Jan. 1938: 7-10. Print.

---. “Bombay Calling.” Filmindia Dec. 1937: 11. Print.

---. “Bombay Calling.” Filmindia Feb. 1938: 9. Print.

Kapur, Geeta. “Revelation and Doubt: Sant Tukaram and Devi.” Interrogating Modernity: Culture and Colonialism in India, Calcutta (1993): 19-46. Print.

Majumdar, Neepa. “Sound in Indian Cinema: Beyond the Song Sequence: Theorizing Sound in Indian Cinema.” Sound and Music in Film and Visual Media (2009): 303- 324. Print.

“Studio Close-Ups.” Filmindia Jan. 1938: 39. Print.

Mukherjee, Debashree. “Notes on a Scandal: Writing Women’s Film History Against an Absent Archive.” BioScope: South Asian Screen Studies 4.1 (2013): 9-30. Pdf.

Mukherjee, Debashree. “A Material World Notes on an Interview with Ram Tipnis.” BioScope: South Asian Screen Studies 1.2 (2010): 19-46. Pdf.

Mukherjee, Debashree. “Good girls, bad girls.” Seminar. Vol. 598. 2009. Pdf.

Mukherjee, Debashree. “Creating Cinema’s Reading Publics: The Emergence of Film Journalism in Bombay.” No Limits (): 166-198. Pdf.

Mukherjee, Debashree. “Letter from an Unknown Woman: The Film Actress in Late Colonial Bombay.” MARG June 2011: 54-65. Pdf.

Neppolan, B. “Prabhat versus New Theatres” Varieties Weekly 2 March 1934: 10-12. Print.

“Notes and News.” Filmland 24th June 1933: 14. Print.

245

Pande, Mrinal. “‘Moving beyond Themselves': Women in Hindustani Parsi Theatre and Early Hindi Films.” Economic and Political Weekly (2006): 1646-1653. Print.

Patel, Baburao. “Technical Progress During the Year 1939.” Editorial. Filmindia, Dec. 1939: 25-26. Print.

Patel, Baburao. “Editor’s Mail.” Filmindia, Feb. 1938: 21. Print.

Rajadhyaksha, Ashish. "The Phalke Era: Conflict of Traditional Form and Modern Technology.” Interrogating Modernity: Culture and Colonialism in India, Calcutta (1993): 47-82. Print.

Raje, Lata. “The Glory that was BT.” Screen 5 Oct. 1984:14. Print.

“Round the Town.” Filmindia Feb. 1938: 42. Print.

Sathe, V. “Simple, Wholesome Entertainment: Hallmark of Bombay Talkies Films.” Screen 5 Oct. 1984: 6. Print.

Shah, Nalin. “The Musical Odyssey of Bombay Talkies.” Screen 5 Oct. 1984:10. Print.

Shantaram, V. “Director Shantaram’s Scathing Criticism of Middlemen.” Filmindia May 1938: 23-24. Print.

Sircar, Promode. “The Art of the Film Direction.” Varieties Weekly 2nd Sept. 1933: 19-20. Print.

“Studio Close-ups.” Filmindia Dec. 1939: 35. Print.

“The Abdulla Fazalbhoy Technical Institute.” Filmindia Dec. 1937: 47. Print.

Thomas, Rosie. “Miss Frontier Mail: the film that mistook its star for a train.” (2007): 294-309. Print.

Tarkhud, Nalini. “Cultured Girls and Cinema Acting.” The Cinema Annual Dec. 1933: 47-50. Print.

Vasudevan, S. “Film studies, new cultural history and experience of modernity.” Economic and Political Weekly (1995): 2809-2814. Print.

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Websites https://indiancine.ma/ https://archive.org/ http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/

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