DOCSLIB.ORG

The Logistics of Feeding the Roman Army on the Lower Danube

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Logistics of Feeding the Roman Army on the Lower Danube The Logistics of Feeding the Roman Army on the Lower Danube 1 Page Stephen Richard Matthews A thesis submitted for the degree of PhD Department of Classics Royal Holloway University of London March 2018 1 2 Page 2 Part One 3 I Stephen Richard Matthews declare that this thesis and the work presented in it is Page entirely my own. Where I have consulted the work of others, this is always clearly stated. Signed Date 3 Acknowledgements My thanks go to my supervisor Professor Boris Rankov for his unstinting 4 Page support throughout. I would like to also thank Professor Richard Alston who read a full draft of the final thesis and Professor Jonathan Powell and Dr Christos Kremmydas, all of Royal Holloway who read sections of the text at various stages. Dr Ioana Oltean of the University of Exeter provided data gleaned through aerial imagery with which to work and was frequently willing to discuss my research; Dr Adriana Panaite, of the Institute of Archaeology “Vasile Pârvan” in Bucharest, provided advice with regard to the Roman road network. Finally I would acknowledge the tolerance of my wife and family – the youngest of whom has never known me do anything in my spare time but write this thesis. 4 Abstract This thesis sets out to quantify the logistical burden that a Roman garrison brought with it, in terms of land and transport requirements. The focus will be on 5 Page arable land, both to feed the soldiers but also to provide feed-barley for the transport animals. First the needs are quantified, having considered likely ranges of key variables that impact upon agricultural productivity. Then an appraisal of the arable available in the study areas is carried out on the basis of the settlement activity seen in the archaeological record. This is used to build a model of what land was plausibly available to supply the army. The study areas were selected according to where there had been previous landscape survey on the Lower Danube, around Novae and Nicopolis ad Istrum and also in Dobrogea, where it has long been assumed that settlement was encouraged to supply to the military. In this last case, my assessment of land available is carried out using the Romanian national database of sites – cIMeC – which aims to record all archaeological sites in the country. Although this is fraught with problems of interpretation, it is augmented both by works of traditional scholarship and by a dataset of tumuli for part of the region to arrive at a quantified, suggested solution to the needs of the garrison. For this suggested solution and the deficit – that part not available locally – the modelling of transport solutions is carried out. This is done within ArcGIS using the Service Area function, which allocates the most effective routes to move cargoes from producer to consumer. As a result models of what land was available and how the produce of that land was moved to the garrison are arrived at. 5 6 Page 6 Part One Weights and measures 14 Introduction 15 7 Page Chapter One: Preliminary considerations 1.1.1 Geography and demography 17 1.1.2 Summary of logistical knowledge and literature review 21 1.1.3 Research questions and methodology 34 1.1.4 Summation 41 Chapter Two: The needs of the garrison and the economics of supply Introduction 43 Chapter Two, Section One: How many men? How much land? 2.1.1 Garrison size 44 2.1.2 How much food per man or horse? 53 2.1.3 How much land did the army need? 67 2.1.4 How many animals, how much pasture and land for other agriculture? 80 2.1.5 How many men to farm this land? 86 2.1.6 Alternative farming regimes 95 Chapter One, Section Two: The economics of exaction 2.2.1 Taxation and supply 103 2.2.2 The Logisticians 110 Conclusions to Chapter Two 117 7 Chapter Three: Land use in Lower Moesia Introduction 119 Chapter Three, Section One: Preliminaries, settlement and agricultural activity 8 3.1.1 Problems of survey 120 Page 3.1.2 Larger settlements 123 3.1.3 Small farm sites 134 3.1.4 Individual settlements 140 Chapter Three, Section Two: The Novae to Nicopolis survey Introduction 142 3.2.1 The garrison‟s needs 142 3.2.2 The published surveys 146 3.2.3 Are the garrison‟s needs met? 160 Chapter Three, Section Three: The Dobrogea survey Introduction 164 3.3.1 Troop disposition: Dobrogea 166 3.3.2 The garrison‟s needs 168 3.3.3 Methodology: The Dobrogea survey 170 3.3.4 Site distribution limes zone 177 3.3.5 Are the garrison‟s needs met? 211 3.3.6 Site distribution: Black Sea poleis zone 218 3.3.7 Are the Black Sea poleis‟ needs met? 231 3.3.8 Site distribution in Dobrogea 233 Conclusions to Chapter Three 241 8 Chapter Four: Transport Requirements Introduction 245 Chapter Four, Section One: Preliminaries, transport methods 4.1.1 Road network 247 9 Page 4.1.2 Agricultural zones 256 4.1.3 Overland transport, wagons and mule-trains 258 4.1.4 Seaborne and riverine transport 263 4.1.5 Storage solutions 268 4.1.6 Long-distance supply solutions 269 Chapter Four, Section Two: Transport modelling 4.2.1 Methodology: Service Areas 275 4.2.2 Transport modelling: The Novae-Nicopolis survey 280 4.2.3 Transport modelling: The Dobrogea survey 288 Chapter Four, Section Three: Long-distance modelling 4.3.1 Long-distance modelling: The Novae-Nicopolis survey 310 4.3.2 Long-distance modelling: The Dobrogea survey 312 4.3.3 Vehicle capacity variations and seasonality 321 4.3.4 Shipping requirements to the Dobrogea survey 324 Conclusions to Chapter Four 327 Chapter Five: Conclusions 331 9 Part Two Tables 343 10 Page Catalogue of Sites in Dobrogea 359 Bibliography 375 Appendices 407 Map One 463 10 Table of Figures Fig 1.1.1.1: Lower Moesian provincial boundaries and civilian settlements 19 Fig 3.2.2.1: Conrad‟s sites Areas A and B 148 Fig 3.2.2.2: Conrad‟s and Poulter‟s sites, Areas A, B, C, D 153 11 Page Fig 3.2.2.3: Voronoi analysis of land areas around Conrad‟s sites Area B 155 Fig 3.2.2.4: Relative density of Poulter‟s sites 157 Fig 3.2.2.5: Areas A-D after adjusting Area C 158 Fig 3.2.2.6: Voronoi analysis of land around Poulter‟s sites 159 Fig 3.2.2.7: All sites 161 Fig 3.3.3.1: 32km radii about consumption centres 173 Fig 3.3.4.1: Voronoi polygons about tumuli 188 Fig 3.3.4.2: Point density analysis of tumuli buffers 191 Fig 3.3.4.3: Niculițel sites and certain small farms 206 Fig 3.3.6.1: Histria regio and chora 222 Fig 3.3.8.1: Soil map of Dobrogea 236 Fig 4.1.1.1: Road network: The wider region 249 Fig 4.1.1.2: Roads: Novae-Nicopolis 250 Fig 4.1.1.3: Road network: Dobrogea 255 Fig 4.2.2.1: Conrad‟s and Poulter‟s surveys 281 Fig 4.2.2.2: Sites within 23km of Sexaginta Prista 283 Fig 4.2.2.3: 23km Service Areas, Novae-Nicopolis 285 Fig 4.2.2.4: 32km Service Areas, Novae-Nicopolis 286 Fig 4.2.2.5: 50km Service Areas, Novae-Nicopolis 287 Fig 4.2.3.1: vici within 32km of limes forts in Dobrogea 289 Fig 4.2.3.2: 23km Service Areas, Dobrogea 292 11 Fig 4.2.3.3: 23-46k Service Areas, Southern Dobrogea 293 Fig 4.2.3.4: Possible Long-distance Solutions, Southern Dobrogea 294 Fig 4.2.3.5: 23km Service Areas, Central Dobrogea 295 Fig 4.2.3.6: 23km Service Areas, Northern Dobrogea 297 12 Page Fig 4.2.3.7: 23-46-69-92-115km Service Areas, North and Central Dobrogea 299 Fig 4.2.3.8: 32km Service Areas, Southern Dobrogea 301 Fig 4.2.3.9: 32-64km Service Areas, Central Dobrogea 303 Fig 4.2.3.10: 32-64-96km Service Areas, Northern Dobrogea 304 Fig 4.2.3.11: 50km Service Areas, Dobrogea 306 Table of Tables Table 2.1.1.1: Legionary compliment 48 Table 2.1.1.2: Auxiliary unit strengths 48 Table 2.1.1.3: Troop Distribution: Lower Moesia 52 Table 2.1.2.1: Weight and calories of Polybius‟ volumetric ration by grain type 61 Table 2.1.2.2: Putative daily ration 64 Table 2.1.3.1: Garrison arable needs summary 79 Table 2.1.4.1: Garrison arable and other needs summary 85 Table 2.1.5.1: Requirements at different yields with 6ha landholdings 93 Table 2.1.6.1: Requirements at different yields with 3ha landholdings 95 Table 2.1.6.2: Land requirements with 6ha landholding and dependants 98 Table 2.1.6.3: Land requirements with 3ha landholding and dependants 100 Table 2.1.6.4: Summary table of total land required in possible scenarios 101 Table 3.3.1.1: Troop Distribution: Dobrogea 167 12 Table 3.3.4.1: Mean size of Voronoi polygons by aggregate class 189 Table 3.3.5.1: Suggested landholdings by aggregate class in limes zone 216 Table 4.2.1.1: Error Loop example 279 Table 4.2.2.1: % Surplus available and vehicles required, 13 Page Novae-Nicopolis 284 Table 4.2.3.1: % Arable available by travelling day 309 Table 4.2.3.2: Comparison of transport methods 309 Table 4.3.2.1: Dobrogea Long-distance supply (via Noviodunum to north) 315 Table 4.3.2.2: Dobrogea Long-distance supply, (via Histria to north) 317 Table 4.3.2.3: Dobrogea Long-distance supply (via Tomis to the north) 318 Table 4.3.3.1: Transport variations, Novae-Nicopolis 322 Table 4.3.3.2: Transport variations, Dobrogea 323 Table 4.3.3.3: Seasonal variation, Novae-Nicopolis 323 Table 4.3.3.4: Seasonal variation, Dobrogea 324 Table 4.3.4.1: Number of sailings against arable deficit 325 13 Weights and Measures Weights 1 Roman pound = 0.323kg1 14 Page Volumes 1 modius = 8.62l2 1 sextarius = 0.0625 modius = 0.539l3 1 Attic medimnus = 48 Attic choenices = 52.5l4 1 Attic choenix = 1.0938l 1 Egyptian artaba = 48 Egyptian choenices = 38.78l5 1 Egyptian choenix = 0.808litres6 1 culleus = 20 amphorae = 517l7 1 amphora = 3 modii = 25.9l8 1 Imperial bushel = 36.37l 1 Winchester bushel = 35.239l Areas 1 iugerum = 0.2517ha9 1 aroura = 0.2756ha10 Distance 1 Roman mile = 1.481km 1 Duncan-Jones 1982, p.369; Rathbone 2009, p.301.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Dacă Pentru Cetăţile Histria Şi Capidava S-Au Putut Aniversa 90 Şi
    ULMETUM 2004 – DUPĂ 90 DE ANIX Zaharia COVACEF Dacă pentru cetăţile Histria şi Capidava s-au putut aniversa 90 şi, respectiv, 80 ani de cercetări arheologice neîntrerupte, pentru Ulmetum trebuie să evidenţiem reluarea de către noi a săpăturilor după 90 de ani de la încheierea lor, subliniind în acelaşi timp alegerea de către Pârvan a acestui sit. Vasile Pârvan a dorit să deschidă un şantier într-o cetate încă necercetată1, care să servească şi drept şantier-şcoală pentru tinerii arheologi. Pentru aceasta dorea un castru de graniţă fie din Oltenia, fie din Dobrogea. În urma perieghezelor făcute două astfel de centre i se păreau potrivite scopului urmărit: castrul de la Celei – Romanaţi, situat pe malul Dunării şi cel aflat în comuna Pantelimonul de Sus (astăzi com. Pantelimon), judeţul Constanţa. Ambele situri ofereau condiţii favorabile pentru a deveni şantiere-şcoală, şi – prin ştirile antice asupra lor – ridicau probleme interesante cu privire la viaţa daco-romană. Cetatea de la Celei stătea în legătură cu organizarea rurală desemnată într-o inscripţie territorium Sucidavense, iar cea de la Pantelimonul de Sus, cu o organizare analoagă, territorium Capidavense. A fost preferată cetatea de la Pantelimonul de Sus deoarece toate instrumentele şi materialul rulant necesare cercetării se aflau la Tropaeum Traiani, deci mai uşor (şi mai ieftin) de adus aici. Astfel că, după ce în primăvara anului 1911 a ridicat planul de situaţie al cetăţii şi a făcut intervenţiile necesare la autorităţile competente pentru trecerea întregului teritoriu ocupat de ruine şi a împrejurimilor lor imediate în proprietatea Muzeului Naţional de Antichităţi din Bucureşti2 (astăzi Institutul de Arheologie al Academiei), la sfârşitul lunii august a început săpăturile.
    [Show full text]
  • Programul Întreruperilor În Regiunea Muntenia Martie 23, 2020 Martie 29, 2020
    Programul întreruperilor în regiunea Muntenia Martie 23, 2020 Martie 29, 2020 Pentru lucrările anuale de reparaţii şi întreţinere instalaţii şi reţele electrice, precum şi posturi de transformare, E - Distribuţie Muntenia anunţă întreruperea furnizării energiei electrice în timpul lucrărilor după programul indicat mai jos. Zona Mt Jt Reţea Bucureşti - judetul Bucureşti Ziua / Data Localitatea, strada afectata Orar •Bucuresti, Intreupere de aprox.10 minute in perimetrul: Bd.Mircea Voda- Bd. Unirii-Str.Nerva Traian-str. Papazoglu, str. Foisorului- 00:00 - 07:00 Cal.Vitan-str. Lucian Blaga-Bd. Unirii-str. Traian-str. Matei Basarab. •Bucuresti, Str.Ziduri intre vii nr.1 bloc 6 ITB 09:00 - 15:00 Luni , 23 Martie 2020 •Bucuresti, str. Putul cu Plopi 09:00 - 17:00 •Bucuresti, Intreupere de aprox.10 minute in perimetrul: Bd.Mircea Voda-Bd.Unirii-Str.Nerva Traian-Str.Papazoglu-Str.Foisorul- 22:00 - 23:59 i-Cal.Vitan-Str.Lucian Blaga-Bd.Unirii-Str.Traian-Str.Matei Basarab. 08:30 - 15:30 •Bucuresti, str. Luica de la Nr.2 -> 42 (aprox. 4 ore in Marţi , 24 Martie intervalul orar) 2020 •Bucuresti, Str.Bulgaru Ion, Str.Slt.Fagarasanu, Str.Turnului si 09:00 - 16:00 Str.Revolutia 1848 intre Str.Maior Bacila si Str.Fagarasanu •Bucuresti, Perimetrul cuprins intre Str. Tunari, Sos. Stefan cel 08:00 - 16:00 Mare, Str. Vasile Lascar, Str. Icoanei, Str. Dogarilor. •Bucuresti, Str. Domnita Anastasia (intre nr. 3 si Str. Ion Brezoianu) 09:00 - 17:00 Miercuri, 25 Martie •Bucuresti, str. Barbu Delavrancea (intre str. Ion Mincu si str. 2020 09:00 - 17:00 Nicolae Ionescu), str. Ion Mincu nr.
    [Show full text]
  • The Romanization of Romania: a Look at the Influence of the Roman Military on Romanian History and Heritage Colleen Ann Lovely Union College - Schenectady, NY
    Union College Union | Digital Works Honors Theses Student Work 6-2016 The Romanization of Romania: A Look at the Influence of the Roman Military on Romanian History and Heritage Colleen Ann Lovely Union College - Schenectady, NY Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses Part of the Ancient History, Greek and Roman through Late Antiquity Commons, European History Commons, and the Military History Commons Recommended Citation Lovely, Colleen Ann, "The Romanization of Romania: A Look at the Influence of the Roman Military on Romanian History and Heritage" (2016). Honors Theses. 178. https://digitalworks.union.edu/theses/178 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Work at Union | Digital Works. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of Union | Digital Works. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Romanization of Romania: A Look at the Influence of the Roman Military on Romanian History and Heritage By Colleen Ann Lovely ********* Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Honors in the Departments of Classics and Anthropology UNION COLLEGE March 2016 Abstract LOVELY, COLLEEN ANN The Romanization of Romania: A Look at the Influence of the Roman Military on Romanian History and Heritage. Departments of Classics and Anthropology, March 2016. ADVISORS: Professor Stacie Raucci, Professor Robert Samet This thesis looks at the Roman military and how it was the driving force which spread Roman culture. The Roman military stabilized regions, providing protection and security for regions to develop culturally and economically. Roman soldiers brought with them their native cultures, languages, and religions, which spread through their interactions and connections with local peoples and the communities in which they were stationed.
    [Show full text]
  • Halmyris: Geoarchaeology of a Fluvial Harbour on the Danube Delta
    Halmyris: Geoarchaeology of a fluvial harbour on the Danube Delta (Dobrogea, Romania) Matthieu Giaime, Gwenaël Magne, Alexandra Bivolaru, Emmanuel Gandouin, Nick Marriner, Christophe Morhange To cite this version: Matthieu Giaime, Gwenaël Magne, Alexandra Bivolaru, Emmanuel Gandouin, Nick Marriner, et al.. Halmyris: Geoarchaeology of a fluvial harbour on the Danube Delta (Dobrogea, Romania). The Holocene, London: Sage, 2019, 29 (2), pp.313-327. 10.1177/0959683618810397. hal-01950888 HAL Id: hal-01950888 https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01950888 Submitted on 14 Jan 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Halmyris: Geoarchaeology of a fluvial harbour on the Danube Delta DOI:https://doi.org/10.1177/0959683618810397 10.1177/0959683618810397 (Dobrogea, Romania) Matthieu Giaime,1 Gwenaël Magne,2 Alexandra Bivolaru,3 Emmanuel Gandouin,4 Nick Marriner5 and Christophe Morhange3 Abstract In Northern Dobrogea, north of the Dunavăţ promontory, the Roman fortress of Halmyris was founded in the late 1st century AD on a Getic settlement dating to the middle of the 1st millennium BC, probably associated with a Greek emporium of the Classical and Hellenistic periods.
    [Show full text]
  • Vama Romană De La Capidava
    VAMA ROMANĂ DE LA CAPIDAVA 1 AUTORI: Două inscripții cunoscute de mai multă vreme Cunoaștem însă alte câteva stationes atestate unui nou birou de vamă la vărsarea râului Axios în cetății, pe latura de N-V, deasupra temeliei, reutilizată menționează un birou vamal (statio portorii) și implicit expressis verbis pe cale epigrafică pentru Moesia Dunăre. În sfârșit, un birou vamal a funcționat cu ca material de construcție într-o epocă mai târzie. Ioan Carol Opriș Universitatea din București un important punct comercial la Capidava pentru sec. Inferior, în afara celei de la Capidava. Urcând pe cursul siguranță la Tyras, iar relațiile cu locuitorii cetății nu IMAGINEA 2 . Monumentul a fost ridicat cândva în ultima Alexandru Raţiu II-III p.Chr. Acest birou se afla în responsabilitatea unui Dunării, existența lor este asigurată în vecinătatea au fost dintre cele mai fericite în secolul al II-lea, parte a domniei împăratului Antoninus Pius (cca 155- Muzeul Național de Istorie conductor, iar mai apoi cea a unui procurator, pentru lagărului legionar la Durostorum și, iarăși, la Dimum, necesitând intervenția repetată a legaților provinciali 161). Personajul în cinstea căruia se ridică monumentul a României ultimii ani de domnie ai lui Antoninus Pius, respectiv Oescus, Ostrovo. Foarte probabil unul funcționa și la ai Moesiei Inferior. este unul de mare notorietate în întreaga regiune, T. din timpul sau chiar după Marcus Aurelius (ISM V 10; 12 Novae, iar în interiorul provinciei alte câteva epigrafe Iulius Saturninus. El ocupă în această vreme poziția = Capidava I, 12; 8). Ambele piese au fost descoperite pot indica birouri vamale și la Nicopolis ad Istrum, ori Prima epigrafă este un altar onorific din calcar (ISM conductor al unei părți din marele district vamal, pe de către Grigore Florescu, la începutul cercetărilor Montana IMAGINEA 1 .
    [Show full text]
  • Heritage for Sale!
    Heritage for sale! The role of museums in promoting metal detecting and looting in Romania Iulian Ganciu Iulian Ganciu Address: Langebrug 40, 2311TM, Leiden Email: [email protected] Mobile: +40755279259 2 Heritage for sale! The role of museums in promoting metal detecting and looting in Romania Iulian Ganciu: s1586262 Supervisor: Profesor J.C.A. Kolen and Professor I. Lilley Research Master’s Thesis Specialization: Archaeological Heritage Management in a Globalizing World Course code:ARCH 1046WTY University of Leiden, Faculty of Archaeology Leiden, 13.06.2016, Final Version 3 How can we live without our lives? How will we know it's us without our past? John Steinbeck, Grapes of Wrath 4 Table of Content 1. Chapter: Introduction ....................................................................................... 9 1.1. Problem statement .................................................................................................... 10 1.2. Opinion of the author and research question ........................................................... 13 1.3. Methods of collecting data ........................................................................................ 14 1.4. Theoretical framework .............................................................................................. 15 1.5. Thesis structure ......................................................................................................... 16 2. Chapter: Analysis of crucial documents ........................................................... 18
    [Show full text]
  • Raport De Mediu Comuna Izvoarele, Judetul Teleorman
    RAPORT DE MEDIU COMUNA MIRCEA VODA, JUDETUL CONSTANTA RAPORT DE MEDIU ACTUALIZARE PLAN URBANISTIC GENERAL COMUNA MIRCEA VODA JUDETUL CONSTANTA 2015 PROIECTANT GENERAL: S.C. RAMBOLL SOUTH EAST EUROPE S.R.L. PROIECTANT DE SPECIALITATE: S.C. AMBIENT URBAN S.R.L. 1 RAPORT DE MEDIU COMUNA MIRCEA VODA, JUDETUL CONSTANTA BENEFICIAR: PRIMARIA COMUNEI MIRCEA VODA, JUDETUL CONSTANTA SEF PROIECT: ING. IOAN ENACHE Poziţia 65 si 133 Registrul Naţional conform Ord.Nr.1026 /2009 al MMGA COLABORATORI: SC AMBIENT URBAN SRL TARGOVISTE ING. MARIUS COJOACA ING. MARIANA ENACHE PROIECTANT GENERAL: S.C. RAMBOLL SOUTH EAST EUROPE S.R.L. PROIECTANT DE SPECIALITATE: S.C. AMBIENT URBAN S.R.L. 2 RAPORT DE MEDIU COMUNA MIRCEA VODA, JUDETUL CONSTANTA CUPRINS INFORMAŢII GENERALE .................................................................................................................................... 5 CERINTE LEGALE PRIVIND ELABORAREA P.U.G. ŞI A RAPORTULUI DE MEDIU ................................................. 6 CAPITOLUL 1. EXPUNEREA CONTINUTULUI ŞI A OBIECTIVELOR PRINCIPALE ALE PUG ................................... 8 1.1 Scopul şi obiectivele principale ale PUG ........................................................................................... 8 1.2 Propuneri de organizare urbanistică ................................................................................................... 9 1.3. Relatia cu alte planuri si programe .................................................................................................. 44 CAPITOLUL 2. ASPECTE
    [Show full text]
  • Book of Abstracts
    BOOK OF ABSTRACTS 1 Institute of Archaeology Belgrade, Serbia 24. LIMES CONGRESS Serbia 02-09 September 2018 Belgrade - Viminacium BOOK OF ABSTRACTS Belgrade 2018 PUBLISHER Institute of Archaeology Kneza Mihaila 35/IV 11000 Belgrade http://www.ai.ac.rs [email protected] Tel. +381 11 2637-191 EDITOR IN CHIEF Miomir Korać Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade EDITORS Snežana Golubović Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade Nemanja Mrđić Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade GRAPHIC DESIGN Nemanja Mrđić PRINTED BY DigitalArt Beograd PRINTED IN 500 copies ISBN 979-86-6439-039-2 4 CONGRESS COMMITTEES Scientific committee Miomir Korać, Institute of Archaeology (director) Snežana Golubović, Institute of Archaeology Miroslav Vujović, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Archaeology Stefan Pop-Lazić, Institute of Archaeology Gordana Jeremić, Institute of Archaeology Nemanja Mrđić, Institute of Archaeology International Advisory Committee David Breeze, Durham University, Historic Scotland Rebecca Jones, Historic Environment Scotland Andreas Thiel, Regierungspräsidium Stuttgart, Landesamt für Denkmalpflege, Esslingen Nigel Mills, Heritage Consultant, Interpretation, Strategic Planning, Sustainable Development Sebastian Sommer, Bayerisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege Lydmil Vagalinski, National Archaeological Institute with Museum – Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Mirjana Sanader, Odsjek za arheologiju Filozofskog fakulteta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu Organization committee Miomir Korać, Institute of Archaeology (director) Snežana Golubović, Institute of Archaeology
    [Show full text]
  • Archaeozoological Data Concerning the Animal Food Resources Used in the Roman and Post - Roman Settlements in Dobrudja (Romania) Simina STANC, Luminita BEJENARU
    7th WORLD ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONGRESS Dead Sea – Jordan, January 13-18, 2013 Archaeozoological data concerning the Animal Food Resources used in the Roman and post - Roman Settlements in Dobrudja (Romania) Simina STANC, Luminita BEJENARU “Al. I. Cuza” University Iași, Faculty of Biology, 20 Carol I Boulevard, 700505 Iasi, Romania, [email protected], lumib@ uaic.ro The archaeozoological quantification (number of identified specimens and minimum number of individuals) aimed at evaluating the relative frequencies of identified species in order to estimate the animal resources and subsistence practices (animal husbandry, hunting, fishing) such as animals used as food in each settlement. The archaeozoological data used in the present paper, proceeding from previous Figure 1. Map of studies (Isaccea, Horia, Telita Amza, Niculitel, Adamclisi, Dinogetia, Slava Rusa, Capidava, Histria, Jurilovca, Murighiol, Ovidiu), are mainly based on specimen Romania. identification and quantification. In all samples, the remains of domestic mammals have the highest proportion The faunal remains identified in (between 85% and 98%) indicating the importance of animal husbandry (figure 2). the studied samples belong to a Bos taurus Ovis aries The domestic mammals species identified are (cattle), (sheep), varied class of animals (mollusc, Capra hircus (goat), Equus caballus (horse), Equus asinus (donkey), Felis domesticus (cat) and Canis familiaris (dog). fish, reptiles, birds, mammals), Cattle have the highest frequencies in all settlements, ranging between 41% (Slava among which are predominant Rusa and Dinogetia) and 71% (Niculitel and Jurilovca). On second place is sheep/goat, the mammals (in 12 samples) which has a frequency between 12% (Niculitel) and 26% (Horia, Slava Rusa) and then; and the fish (at Slava Rusa) generally, on the third place is the pig, from 7% at Niculitel and Jurilovca till 23-24% at (table 1).
    [Show full text]
  • PDF Download Roman Imperial Coinage Volume II
    ROMAN IMPERIAL COINAGE VOLUME II, PART 3 : FROM AD 117 TO AD 138 - HADRIAN PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Richard Abdy | 608 pages | 13 May 2020 | Spink & Son Ltd | 9781912667185 | English | London, United Kingdom Roman Imperial Coinage Volume II, Part 3 : From AD 117 to AD 138 - Hadrian PDF Book Rahden : Marie Leidorf. From Vespasian to Domitian AD 69— The diameter is 20 mm and is 2. Leicester Archaeology Monographs From: T. Sydenham and C. A bright and clear example with a spectacular portrait. Seller Image. Ancient Coins. Grandson of Germanicus , step-, and adopted son of Claudius. Volume VII. Q in left field , AK in right field. Coinage and money under the Roman Republic: Italy and the Mediterranean economy. Jones , D. Weber , 53 — Lattara Denomination: Denarius. AR Antoninianus mm, 4. Reigned 9 August 16 March Any copyright remains with the original holders. Chameroy , J. In this publication Fleur Kemmers gives an overview of 21st century scholarship on Roman coinage for students and scholars in the fields of ancient history and Roman archaeology. Munich : Beck. Reigned June - August , Governor of Moesia Superior , proclaimed emperor by Danubian legions after Decius 's death and in opposition to Hostilian ; made his son Volusianus co-emperor in late AD. Interest will be charged to your account from the purchase date if the balance is not paid in full within 6 months. Watch this item. Learn More - opens in a new window or tab Any international postage is paid in part to Pitney Bowes Inc. Get the item you ordered or get your money back. Email to friends Share on Facebook - opens in a new window or tab Share on Twitter - opens in a new window or tab Share on Pinterest - opens in a new window or tab Watch this item.
    [Show full text]
  • An Oinophora Type Vessel Discovered at the Noviodunum Necropolis
    Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica 26(2): 287–294 An Oinophora Type Vessel Discovered at the Noviodunum Necropolis Ștefan HONCU1, Aurel-Daniel STĂNICĂ 2 Abstract. Our article refers to a special discovery made at Noviodunum, the headquarters of the Danube fleet Classis Flavia Moesica. It is about an oinophora type vessel, shaped as a ram, which was discovered, by chance, in a cremation grave. Its presence in the necropolis of the city must not come as a surprise to us, because such discoveries come, once again, to show its commercial and economic importance in the province. The Noviodunum market represented a luxury goods consumer from all the provinces of the empire. Regarding the chronological framing of the vessel we support the opinion that it might come from the second half of the 2nd century p.Chr. Rezumat. Articolul nostru discută o descoperire aparte făcută la Noviodunum, sediul flotei dunărene Classis Flavia Moesica. Este vorba despre un vas de tip oinophora, în formă de berbec, care a fost descoperit, în mod întâmplător, într-un mormânt de incinerație. Prezența acestuia în necropola cetății nu trebuie să ne surprindă, deoarece astfel de descoperiri vin să arate, o dată în plus, importanța comercială și economică a acesteia în cadrul provinciei. Piața de la Noviodunum reprezenta un consumator de bunuri de lux provenite din toate provinciile Imperiului. În privința încadrării cronologice a vasului suntem de părere că ulciorul s-ar putea data, eventual, în a doua jumătate a secolului al II-lea p.Chr. Keywords: Moesia Inferior, Noviodunum, necropolis, oinophora. Introduction The fortress of Noviodunum had an important strategic and economic role before the coming of the Romans, which was accentuated in the following periods, until the medieval epoch3.
    [Show full text]
  • Coins, Forts and Commercial Exchanges in the Sixth- And
    Journal Code Article ID Dispatch: 16.08.17 CE: O J O A 1 2 1 2 3 No. of Pages: 16 ME: 1 50 2 51 3 52 4 FLORIN CURTA Q153 5 54 6 55 7 COINS, FORTS AND COMMERCIAL EXCHANGES IN THE SIXTH- 56 8 AND EARLY SEVENTH-CENTURY BALKANS 57 9 58 10 59 11 60 12 61 13 Summary. The nature of settlements in the sixth-century Balkans is a matter of 62 14 current debate. Amphorae and hoards of iron implements and weapons have been 63 15 discussed in relation to this controversy. A key problem is that of the use of coins in 64 16 an economic environment without any large-scale agricultural production. While 65 17 hoards of coins have been analyzed in relation to the presence of the military in 66 18 the Balkans, single finds of coins remain a category of archaeological evidence 67 19 commonly neglected in discussions of the sixth-century economy. The article 68 20 offers an explanation connected with the quaestura exercitus implemented in 69 21 536, and its conclusion is that the small copper denominations discovered on 70 22 hilltop sites in the Balkans were not obtained on the market (none existed in 71 23 any of the many hilltop sites known so far), but piggybacked on transports of 72 24 annona. 73 25 74 26 75 27 76 28 77 INTRODUCTION 29 78 30 The nature or character of the settlement pattern in the sixth-century Balkans has been a 79 31 subject of debate among historians and archaeologists.
    [Show full text]