May 19, 1983 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 12987 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES-Thursday, May 19, 1983 The House met at 10 a.m. tween the contending factions and which cannot, in their judgment or in The Chaplain, Rev. James David countries of Central America. mine, be other than the effects of Ford, D.D., offered the following In today's Washington Post, we read direct contamination from agent prayer: that it is a "lead-pipe cinch" that the orange. The members of the subcom­ Almighty God, whose hand protects United States will vote for a resolution mittee and indeed, anyone in the com­ and whose spirit sustains, bless our to be brought before the Security mittee room, could not have been Nation and all those to whom author­ Council of the United Nations today other than shocked at their appear­ ity is given. Help us as a free people to by Nicaragua and seven other Third ance and impressed by their words. care about the less fortunate in our World countries. The language of the My distinguished colleague from world, to remember always those with resolution was itself a product of Texas, Mr. HALL, stated that these any special need, and to use our re­ lengthy negotiation between various were the mos,t cogent witnesses yet to sources for Your glory and for the parties, according to the article. All appear before the subcommittee be­ support for every person. May we not sides claimed "victory," including ours. cause they were the first who had ac­ 1-\e content when injustice reigns or lib­ What the resolution says is that all tually dealt with dioxin in the field. erty is in doubt, but armed with Your countries in the Central American As shocking as are the individual love, may we eagerly serve You in region have the right to live free of cases of Mike Milne and Jim Roxby, word and deed. Amen. outside interference. It calls for "frank they are, even more tragically, not and constructive dialog" among the alone. They are but two of many. nations of the region and endorses the Many scattered across the country, all THE JOURNAL regional peace initiative by the so­ suffering today in a similar fashion. The SPEAKER. The Chair has ex­ called Contadora nations-Columbia, According to the Administrator of Vet­ amined the Journal of the last day's Mexico, Panama, and Venezuela. erans' Affairs, any connection between proceedings and announces to the Those of us in the Congress who their exposure to agent orange in the House his approval thereof. have long sought to develop a biparti­ field and the injuries they suffer Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the san consensus for such a process will today is based upon unproven "theo­ Journal stands approved. take heart from our country's support ries and hypotheses." I can think of no of this resolution. If negotiations in better way to respond to that state­ the often contentious United Nations ment than by words of Mike Milne's HOUR OF MEETING ON can turn out this well, then we can be testimony: MONDAY, MAY 23, 1983 optimistic about the possible results of Look at Vietnam veterans: don't you think Mr. ALEXANDER. Mr. Speaker, I the proposed Central American dialog it a little suspicious that veterans whose av­ ask unanimous consent that when the itself. erage age is only thirty-five are suffering House convenes on Monday, May 23, from cancers, other severe metabolic and 1983, it convene at 11 a.m. physical dysfunctions and producing de­ COMPENSATION FOR VICTIMS formed children at rates far and above "pre­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection OF AGENT ORANGE to the request of the gentleman from dicted averages;" who are experiencing ill­

D This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., D 1407 is 2:07 p.m. e This "bullet" symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by the Member on the floor. 12988 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE May 19, 1983 Hundreds of thousands of young force. Almost 100,000 strong, with I hope this resolution will go some men served in Vietnam not because 2,300 employees in Danville alone, lengths in convincing those Arab coun­ they wanted to, but because their Goodyear personnel are a rich re­ tries who wish to impede and possibly country sent them there and they source to the company and the Nation. derail the peace process in the Middle obeyed the call of duty. It has been for For 2 years now, it has been my East to understand that the United 200 years the tradition and the pride privilege to meet with Goodyear-Dan­ States will totally reject that form of of this Nation that we honor our vet­ ville's Top Ten Club, a group from conspiracy, and that the United States erans, reward their service, and com­ first-line management which repre­ stands for peace in the Middle East. pensate their injuries. How cruel it sents the top 10 percent in 10 areas of would be for us to act differently now excellence. They are also representa­ with respect to the veterans of the tive of the quality of individuals who SECRETARY OF STATE SHULTZ' most unpopular war in American his­ work for Goodyear in Danville, and ACCOMPLISHMENT tory, veterans already maligned in­ are an asset to the company and the Arizona, Mr. of people in this country. arms." RUDD, be removed as a cosponsor of Mr. Speaker, the people are speak­ I was privileged to speak briefly at H.R. 2715. ing, and they are happy with their the dedication, which was well attend­ The SPEAKER. Is there objection President. I strongly encourage our ed. The occasion was not only an ap­ to the request of the gentleman from colleagues who have tried to convince propriate tribute to the slain officers, Virginia? us otherwise to take advantage of the but also a demonstration of apprecia­ There was no objection. Memorial Day District Work Period to tion and support for the policemen get in touch with their constituents. and policewomen who are serving our POLICIES OF LIBERAL DEMO­ Obviously, they have a communica­ community today. tion gap. In so doing, they may also During my 12 years as a Riverside CRATS ARE THE TRUE CRUEL POLICIES learn that the majority of the Ameri­ County supervisor, I had daily direct can people are not happy with the contact with our county sheriff's de­ college this year be­ policy, key changes must be made. given permission to address the House cause of the cuts that have been made We need a directed energy systems for 1 minute and to revise and extend in the Reagan budget. agency to focus our R&D to develop his remarks.) We remember the President's prom­ lasers, particle beam, and microwave Mr. McCOLLUM. Mr. Speaker, to ise of full employment, his promise of technologies. those of our colleagues on the other 13 million jobs. We need a unified space command side of the aisle who this week have Thirteen million are unemployed with Air Force, Army, and Navy par­ futilely attempted to blame the Presi­ out there. ticipation. dent for their own shortcomings in We remember the President's prom­ We need immediate development by getting the Federal budget under con­ ise of a balanced budget by 1984. NASA of a manned space station and a trol, I commend to their attention the Today, we have the highest deficits complete overhaul of U.S. strategic latest Washington Post-ABC News in the history of this country. policymaking to develop new concep­ poll. It shows that the majority of the Who are being affected by these cuts tual approaches to arms control. people in this country approve of more than anybody else? Yes, it is the 12990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE May 19, 1983 poor that are being affected, but examine a new administration policy of the strength of American voices, middle-class America is also suffering. regarding family responsibility under there have been many victories in the This morning on television, I said medicaid. battle for more humane treatment of that the President sweet-songs middle As a result of this hearing, I am now Jews by the Soviet Union. America and the blue-collar person. I working for a total withdrawal of this As support in this country grew, the do not like the way this is being done, ill-advised and cost-inefficient policy. level of Jewish emigration from the to be perfectly truthful, because it is In February, as a seemingly innocuous Soviet Union increased. Recently, the person who earns $20,000 or special supplement to the monthly however, there have been setbacks. $25,000 a year, the fellow that handles medicaid bulletin, the Health Care Fi­ Emigration has come to a virtual the shovel or the fell ow that drives nancing Administration advised States standstill, and Soviet mistreatment of the truck; it is his family that is being they could now require family mem­ Jewish citizens has dramatically in­ affected. bers to contribute to the cost of nurs­ creased. At such a time, it is more im­ It took years to bring this Nation ing home care under medicaid for an portant than ever to show Soviet Jews forward. In the 1930's, 50 percent of aged parent or relative. that our solidarity with them has not the Nation was impoverished. When This new directive is fundamentally waned. President Reagan took over in 1980, flawed. First, while it is estimated to Each of us must do what we can. As about 10 percent of the Nation was im­ save $100 million in the first year, it part of the general congressional poverished. will cost $75 million to administer. The effort on behalf of Soviet Jews, I have 0 1015 net savings are $25 million; when com­ adopted one Soviet Jewish family­ pared to the hardships which may be that of Alexander Maria.sin. We should go forward, not back­ imposed on people, it seems hardly ward. And in my opinion, this program worth the cost. of President Reagan is cruel; it hurts The new directive provides no GETTING A GRIP ON DEFICITS/ middle America and it hurts the poor income or age guidelines. People on PRIORITIES of America. medicaid are among our Nation's poor­ New Jersey? ball players of his generation. He was There was no objection. national issues, BILL never neglects designated the 1965 College Player of the day-to-day cares of the people of the Year by the National Association New Jersey. He works hard to meet SENATOR BILL BRADLEY-HALL of Basketball Coaches. He was named with them, to learn and study their OF FAME to virtually every All-American list. He problems as he strives to make life was also a member of the U.S. basket­ better for all our citizens. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under ball team that took the gold medal in a previous order of the House, the gen­ BILL stated his philosophy about his the 1964 Olympic games. work in a recent interview: "It is the tleman from New Jersey scholarship to This and all the qualities he possesses senior Senator from New Jersey, Sena­ study at Oxford University. are certain to stamp him as an out­ tor BILL BRADLEY, who earlier this At Oxford he studied politics, philos­ standing legislator and leader. month was inducted into the Basket­ ophy, and economics-disciplines that Mr. Speaker, there is a good deal ball Hall of Fame in Springfield, Mass. prepared him superbly for his future more I could say about BILL BRADLEY, This is a great honor for any individ­ political career. But it was a career but instead I am including herein ual; for most it would be the achieve­ that had to wait. under unanimous consent a recent ment of their lives. For BILL, however, Toward the end of his second year at profile of him by Robert Cohen which it was but a milestone in a life that Oxford, BILL picked up a basketball appeared in the May 16 Newark Star­ holds immense future promise, for for the first time in nearly a year. As Ledger. himself certainly, but more important, he dribbled around the court practic­ The article follows: for the conduct of Government. ing his shots, he knew that to play [From the Newark Star-Ledger, May 15, It has been said that the best single against the best-the pros-was a chal­ 1983] word to describe BILL is "disciplined" lenge he had to take on. He signed a 5- and that there seems to be nothing year contract with the New York STILL SCORING-PETSISTENCE MARKS BRADLEY that BILL cannot do-and do well­ Knickerbockers and joined the team in STYLE once he sets his mind to it. His athletic 1967, the year before he obtained his career, his scholarly achievements, master's degree, cum laude, from WASHINGTON.-When Bill Bradley was and his service in the Senate attest to Oxford. growing up in the small Mississippi River this. In his 10-year career with the town of Crystal City, Mo., he would place obstacles on the basketball court to dribble Bucky Waters, basketball coach and Knicks, he helped them win two Na­ around, and spend hour after hour chore­ broadcaster, once said that BILL BRAD­ tional Baskeball Association champi­ ographing and perfecting every move and LEY had no innate basketball talent, onships. As a forward for the Knicks, shot he could imagine. an assessment all, including BILL he was a brilliant team player, and an Bradley, says his mother, was always BRADLEY, may not agree with. Never­ intense competitor. ready to go extra lengths to achieve his theless, BILL took the coach's advice Throughout his basketball career, goals, and she and her husband were usual­ and practiced tirelessly. And when BILL never gave up his public service. ly willing to adjust their routine to accom­ BILL was graduated from Crystal City, In the off-seasons, he worked as an as­ modate their son. "We waited many dinners for Bill to shoot Mo., High School in 1961, he was pro­ sistant to the Director of the Office of 25 straight free throws. It got to be a claimed the best player in the history Economic Opportunity in Washington. normal way to live." recalled Susan Crowe of Missouri high school basketball. At He taught reading in Urban League Bradley earlier this month when her son the same time, he was a straight-A stu­ street academies in Harlem, promoted was inducted into the Basketball Hall of dent and was twice named to Scholas­ prison reform, environmental protec­ Fame. tic magazine's All-American team. He tion, and took an interest in national Two decades later, after endless practice was offered athletic scholarships by 75 Democratic politics. During the sea­ and singleminded determination has made sons, he used the team's many road him a nationally known college and profes­ universities, but he chose to enter sional basketball star, Bradley used the Princeton University, which had not trips to assess the national mood and same technique to learn the ropes in the offered him a scholarship. to learn of the needs and concerns of U.S. Senate. At Princeton, BILL devoted himself the people in the cities he visited. In the first months after his election, to his studies as intensely as to basket­ In 1977, BILL retired from profes­ Bradley set aside large chunks of his busy ball. After his games, when his team­ sional basketball. His induction into schedule to steep himself in the Senate's mates were off celebrating-or, less the Baskeball Hall of Fame commemo­ rules and procedures. Floyd Riddick, the frequently, commiserating-BILL could rates his early achievements. But we Senate parliamentarian, recalls how Brad­ ley spent more than 100 hours presiding be found in the library. With a sense are here also to honor BILL BRADLEY, over debates so he could observe the pros, of service to others, he joined the Fel­ the Senator from New Jersey, the man absorb the detail and learn how to get lowship of Christian Athletes, taught who continues to apply his legendary things done. Sunday school, nurtured his ingrained skills, hard work, discipline, and lead­ Now 41/2 years into his first term as a sena­ concern for social justice, and first ership qualities to his job as a repre­ tor from New Jersey, Bradley continues to became involved in the political proc­ sentative of the people of New Jersey display the same perseverance, preparation ess. 12992 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE May 19, 1983 and what one friend calls his "burning Bradley's mother agreed. "Bill never gives the floor pacing, one senator on the tele­ desire to succeed." an immediate opinion," she said. phone, one senator thinking. I said to He shows these traits in the committee Fleisher said Bradley "keeps himself from myself, 'This isn't a lot different from the rooms, on the Senate floor, and most recent­ being emotional." Knicks locker room.' " ly in his plans for re-election. "He is not a guy who will be marching in Bradley said both activities involve getting Political observers consider Bradley virtu­ the streets with people cheering behind people from different backgrounds with dif­ ally unbeatable in 1984 and Republicans him. It's not his style." ferent experiences and personal agendas to· wonder who will volunteer to run against Bradley says he knows he's not the most agree on a shared goal and to work toward him. Yet, he already has raised about $1 dynamic speaker in the world, but like ev­ it. million, has some top campaign people in erything else, he's working on it. "I used to "That process defines both teamwork and place, and is approaching the upcoming see at least three people sleeping in the au­ the public interest," said Bradley. election as if it will be the toughest contest dience, but there are fewer now," he says in An aide says Bradley's approach repre­ of his life. typical self-deprecating humor. sents "inclusionary politics." Bradley's wife, To Bradley, this passion to achieve and to Asked what arouses his righteous indigna­ Ernestine, says her husband is more com­ win began to take shape at age 13 when a tion, Bradley thought for a moment, sub­ fortable when he's working as part of a basketball mentor told him that if he didn't tracted the word righteous from the ques­ team. practice, he should be aware that someone, tion, and said: "It is germane to his vision, a condition he somewhere was practicing. Given roughly "I guess, to summarize briefly, it would be functions best under," says his wife. "He be­ the same abilities, the coach said, that other phonies, bullies and bigots. That's how I lieves in consensus, cooperation, working guy would beat him if they were to meet. would put it, and I suppose in the political out individual talents and stresses . . . He "I never wanted to lose because I didn't context, there are some of those around, but loves it. He thrives on it." make that effort," said Bradley, "I never I guess that's evident." Bradley also is curious about what makes wanted to be unprepared." When it was suggested he is not often his colleagues tick, how different senators Bradley sees this driving force as just "the heard railing against the "phonies, bullies react and how coalitions are formed. He internal coach," but a friend tells him it is and bigots," the senator pointed out that studies his colleagues and is intrigued how a really. "John Calvin haunting me." "politics operates on many levels, and senator is persuaded to make a decision. This has been true for Bradley the All­ speech is only one of them." "There are certain tried and tested tech­ America student-athlete at Princeton Uni­ "The important thing is to be effective, to niques that you can see certain people using versity. Bradley the Olympic Gold Medal get things done and to try and be clear," over and over on the senators, whoever they winner, Bradley the Rhodes Scholar. Brad­ said Bradley. are," said Bradley. Sometimes those tech­ ley the professional basketball player with When Bradley came to the Senate, he lob­ niques are obvious, said Bradley, and some­ the New York Knicks for 10 years, and now bied influential Democrats for his energy times they are more subtle. Bradley the U.S. senator. and finance committee assignments, and During his brief tenure, Bradley has Bradley said his mother always wanted was repeatedly told there are two types of gotten along with his political opponents, him to be a success while his father wanted senators, workhorses and showhorses. has campaigned for many of his Democratic him to be a gentleman. By nature, Bradley chose to be a work­ colleagues, and has studiously avoided rock­ "Neither wanted me to be a basketball horse. ing many boats. He is no maverick, and he player or a politician," said Bradley. "On a consistent basis, you have to like plays by the rules. When he left the basketball arena and en­ the nitty gritty. If you view the Senate only "He's a bright liberal Democrat," said Re­ tered the staid Senate in 1979, Bradley not as an opportuity to make speeches, then I publican Senate Finance Chairman Bob only set out to master his new job like he think you don't understand how it works did his old one, but he was determined to and how the power flows," said Bradley. Dole of Kansas. "I don't get many votes out of him, but he's good to work with. If wipe away any thought that he might be "And in my own ca.5e, I like the nitty there's a problem, he'll help hammer it just a sports celebrity. gritty and if anything, I've had to push Bradley by all accounts has become an ac­ myself to go out on the platform." out." complished member of the club. His col­ Bradley's former New York Knicks team­ Sen. Henry M. Jackson Jerry Lucas deadpanned to an appreciative "I never heard him say a derogatory word Some of the issues Bradley has chosen are crowd May 2 when Bradley was inducted about a playmate, an opponent or any high tough, complex, and do not lend themselves into the Hall of Fame in Springfield, Mass. school student," said Bradley's mother. "His to immediate solutions. They are the issues "I think as I look back at my time with best friend ran against him for student that do not necessarily yield short-term po­ Bill and the success he has had, I have to council president, and he never said a word litical gains. name ·his Knick teammate Dick Barnett. In against Johnny. But it cooked me. Bradley has come to be known for his cau­ those days, Dick taught Bill how to dress "Mr. Larry Fleisher, Bradley's friend and the the U.S. Senate was the realization that tics as he does in Wa5hington. lawyer for the National Basketball Associa­ dedication to the team, the community, has He makes frequent public appearances in tion players' union, said the senator has a larger, more important application than I New Jersey and has avoided alienating state always been this way. ever dreamed," said Bradley. "I was in the Democrats. He remains aloof from state "Some of us are free wheeling," said Senate about five months, and I was sitting party infighting, but helps candidates in the Fleisher, "He won't get involved in anything in the Democratic cloakroom about 11 general elections. unless he analyzes it and knows what it is. o'clock at night because we were having late Some Democrats have criticized him for This was done before his political days. It is votes. not taking a more active role, but former not related to him trying to cover his "I saw one senator angry, one senator Gov. Brendan Byrne suggests Bradley right­ fanny." talking, one senator walking up and down ly avoids "unnecessary controversy" and May 19, 1983 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 12993 serves as a unifying force after primary elec­ dependence on the insecure foreign oil and concerns and tell them how he thinks," said tions or party squabbles. tried to get the Carter administration to fill Hall. "They toss the bull back and forth. "I was known for getting into unnecessary the Strategic Petroleum Reserve. Nobody He's no stuffed shirt, and the businessmen fights, but it was nice to know Bill Bradley had paid much attention to this oil reserve always go away from the meetings with was there to bind it all up when it was before, but Bradley kept the issue before good feelings." over," said Byrne. the Senate. The conservatives don't like Bradley be­ New Jersey Assembly Speaker Alan In his first year, Bradley took on the oil cause of his voting record, but Jeffrey Bell, Karcher CD-Middlesex> said Bradley has companies and Sen. Russell Long Madison Square Garden is lo­ a legislator.• "I can only say no, it's the only way I can cated, had reason to be as proud of respond. I learned in my former profession e Mr. GUARINI. Mr. Speaker, I am him as I think the gentleman and his most pleased to join my colleagues that you play one game at a time. I don't constituents are of the Senator. have any expectations or plans." today in honoring Senator BILL BRAD­ He adds that he never plans anything I also think that that pride has con­ LEY of New Jersey. As many of you eight or 10 years in advance. tinued from his basketball career to may know, BILL was inducted into the Bradley is no doubt a patient man who his professional career as a Member of Basketball Hall of Fame 2 weeks ago takes his time making decisions, but it the U.S. Senate. He serves all of our in recognition of his long and success­ would be out of character for him not to at people extremely well. ful career with the New York Knicks. least be thinking about his future. I thank the gentleman for yielding. Bradley's mother says the night he was Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, I thank Senator BRADLEY has brought this elected to the Senate, she pulled out a letter the gentleman. personal tradition of hard work and he wrote to her as a senior at Princeton. e Mr. RINALDO. Mr. Speaker, it is success on the basketball court to the "I hope to win a Rhodes scholarship, after with great pleasure that I join with corridors of the Capitol. In 4 V2 short which I want to enter the field of politics my colleagues today in paying tribute years, BILL has established himself as and become a U.S. senator," Mrs. Bradley to Senator BILL BRADLEY of New a careful, thoughtful statesman who remembered the letter as saying. Jersey in recognition of his recent in­ has diligently worked in the best inter­ Bradley, with a bemused look on his face, ests of his constituents in New Jersey said he does not remember writing that duction into the Basketball Hall of Fame. This is a significant achieve­ and for the good of the Nation. In ad­ letter, but added, "If she said it, it must be dition to the long hours of study and so." ment that would cap the career of lesser individuals, but for BILL it i.'S action here in Washington, Senator 0 1030 just another accomplishment in a bril­ BRADLEY has spent countless hours liant career that has been studded criss-crossing New Jersey visiting com­ Mr. HUGHES. Mr. Speaker, will the munity organizations, businesses, and gentleman yield? with one success after another. As a young man growing up in Crys­ individual constituents. He is known as Mr. RODINO. I yield to the gentle­ a dedicated public official who com­ man from New Jersey. tal City, Mo., BILL developed his aca­ demic as well as his basketball skills bines sound judgment with compas­ Mr. HUGHES. Mr. Speaker, I thank sion. the gentleman for yielding. and went on to Princeton University where he won recognition as an all­ Senator BRADLEY'S record of hard Mr. Speaker, I would like to con­ and honest competition, strong atten­ gratulate my distinguished colleague, American student athlete. He later earned a Rhodes scholarship and an tion to academics-he studied at Senator BILL BRADLEY of New Jersey, Princeton and was a Rhodes scholar­ on his recent induction into the Bas­ Olympic Gold Medal as a member of the 1964 U.S. basketball team. and as a selfless servant of the people ketball Hall of Fame. The honor is provides a fine model for our youth. richly deserved by our great Senator. The rest is history. He went on to play professional basketball with the New Jersey is proud of Senator BILL Through his committment to hard New York Knicks for some 10 years. BRADLEY and we congratulate him for work and team spirit, BILL BRADLEY es­ During this period the team wor. East­ his many successes. In the years to tablished himself as one of the great­ ern Conference championships three come, we are all looking forward to est basketball players in history times and the National Basketball As­ BILL'S continued distinction in public during his undergraduate days at sociation championship in 1970 and service. Senator BRADLEY'S talents in Princeton University, and later during again in 1973. BILL and his Knick Government leadership will bring him his professional career with the New teammates were heroes to the basket­ to a position of extraordinary influ­ York Knickerbockers. ball world and will always be remem­ ence in shaping the future policies of Today, this same dedication to hard bered for their exploits on the court. our great Nation.e work and discipline has enabled Sena­ For many, winning the national pro­ e Mr. MINISH. Mr. Speaker, it's a tor BRADLEY to distinguish himself as fessional basketball championship not pleasure to join my colleagues in trib­ one of our Nation's outstanding politi­ only once but twice would have been ute to New Jersey's senior Senator, cal leaders. Both on and off the court, the ultimate goal, but for the Senator, BILL BRADLEY' and I commend the BILL BRADLEY has always been an in­ it was just another plateau. He subse­ dean of the Garden State delegation, spiration to the citizens of New Jersey. quently decided to run for the U.S. Mr. RODINO, on arranging this special I am pleased to pay tribute to Senator Senate and was elected in 1978. order. BRADLEY for his accomplishments as The story was recently told in an ar­ It would be possible to mention a an athlete, and to thank him for his ticle written by Robert Cohen of the good number of achievements which continued service to our Nation and to Newark, N.J., Star-Ledger, about "Dollar Bill":._as he used to be called­ the traditions that has insured Ameri­ BILL's passion and determination to has performed here in Washington, in­ ca's success over the years. meet and surmount the challenges of cluding his hard work on tax policy, Mr. WEISS. Mr. Speaker, will the life. This motivation began to take fiscal questions, and the other issues gentleman yield? shape at age 13 when a basketball so important to us. The occasion of his Mr. RODINO. I yield to the gentle­ mentor told him that if he did not admission to the Basketball Hall of man from New York. practice, he should be aware that Fame brings to my mind another Mr. WEISS. I thank the gentleman someone, somewhere was practicing. public service for which BILL is espe­ for yielding. Given roughly the same abilities, the cially conspicuous: He has become a May 19, 1983 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 12995 kind of ambassador for our State of Senator now stands as one of the Those of us in New Jersey are fortu­ New Jersey. This occasion naturally ablest leaders in our State and Nation. nate, indeed, that upon the completion brings to mind the many other great It should be no surprise to anyone of his basketball career, BILL chose to athletes associated with the Garden that BILL BRADLEY is proving himself remain in the State and embark upon State, the fine tradition which they as great in the Senate as he was in the a life in public service. He has been as have created, and the fine facilities for sports arena.e successful in this field as he had been sports of every kind. Beyond this, how­ e Mr. FLORIO. Mr. Speaker, I take in his studies and sports. His work in ever, BILL has used his public celebrity great pleasure in congratulating my the Senate has been characteristic of status very consciously to let the colleague from New Jersey, BILL BRAD­ the team approach he exhibited Nation and the world know what is LEY, for his induction into the Basket­ during his days with Princeton and good about New Jersey. I recall his ball Hall of Fame. Senator BRADLEY the Knicks. His service to New Jersey very eloquent and sincere speech to has shown an intensity in his efforts and to the Nation has been inspiring. the New Jersey Chamber of Com­ that makes success inevitable. merce dinner here in Washington a Mr. Speaker, I would like to thank While at Princeton University he my distinguished colleague, the dean couple of years ago, when he vigorous­ proved that it was possible to excel in ly took on all the jokes and cheap of the New Jersey delegation, Mr. academics and athletics, achieving RODINO, for calling this special order shots which are so unjustly inflicted such diverse honors as NCAA Player on a very delightful and industrious of the Year and a Rhodes scholarship. on the occasion of BILL's elevation to State. Indirectly, his performance as a During his career with the New York his sport's highest honor. I congratu­ hardworking and conscientious public Knicks Senator BRADLEY contributed late BILL on his outstanding record, official is a credit to our State in the to two championship teams. which I'm sure will only become more eyes of the world. This is no negligible The drive for excellence that BILL distinguished in the years to come.e achievement: negative publicity or a BRADLEY has shown in academics and •Mr. ROE. Mr. Speaker, I take great bad image can have a very marked eco­ athletics is also clear in his efforts as a pleasure today in rising to offer con­ nomic impact, and by addressing this U.S. Senator. His cognizance of the gratulations to my good friend BILL matter in word and deed, BILL BRAD­ issues and his knowledge of procedure BRADLEY on the occasion of his induc­ LEY is giving practical benefits to his has been a great asset for te people of tion into the Basketball Hall of Fame. constituents. New Jersey and will continue to be so BILL is truly one of New Jersey's I am very happy to have this chance greatest assets and a hero to all Ameri­ to reflect on BILL's admission to the in the future. hall of fame, especially since his ath­ Senator BRADLEY'S induction into the cans. In both athletics and now Gov­ letic achievements merit this recogni­ Basketball Hall of Fame is only the ernment he has shown us what hard tion. What is most important to us latest item on a most impressive list of work and true dedication to duty can now, however, is the good work he is accomplishments. I again extend my accomplish. doing for New Jersey and the Nation congratulations to him.e As an undergraduate at Princeton now. I hope that he will continue to e Mr. FORSYTHE. Mr. Speaker, University, BILL reached the heights serve for years to come. For the people there are few people who are known in the classroom and on the basketball of the 11th District, let me convey our for their athletic prowess on the bas­ court, becoming a Rhodes scholar, a heartiest congratulations.e ketball court as well as their political basketball All-American and winning e Mr. HOWARD. Mr. Speaker, I prowess on Capitol Hill. BILL BRADLEY the Gold Medal as a member of the extend my congratulations to the dis­ is one of these people. I would like to U.S. Olympic basketball team. tinguished Senator from New Jersey, take this opportunity to congratulate Following graduation, BILL BRADLEY BILL BRADLEY, for his induction into BILL on his recent induction into the joined the New York Knicks profes­ the Basketball Hall of Fame. Basketball Hall of Fame. BILL proved sional basketball team. For the next Few individuals have attained such his talent and expertise on the courts; 10 years he electrified pro basketball success so early in their career-or ca­ he now displays these attributes in the fans around the Nation with his reers, as the case may be. As a Prince­ Senate. Even though I was a 76er's superb playing style and abilities. ton graduate and Rhodes scholar, BILL fan, I always recognized the Knicker­ His leadership of that team during BRADLEY demonstrated his keen intel­ bocker's success and fame, which in his decade in the National Basketball lect and outstanding dedication to aca­ large part, was due to BILL. The Con­ Association gave an early indication of demia and the world of ideas. As a pro­ gress can indeed boast of the immense what the Nation as a whole could fessional basketball player, the former talent found within BILL BRADLEY .• expect from his service in the U.S. forward consistently displayed his •Mr. DWYER. Mr. Speaker, it is an Senate. poise and leadership qualities. He was honor for me to join with my col­ Although he is only in his first term deeply admired by players and fans leagues in paying tribute to Senator as a Senator, BILL BRADLEY has al­ alike for his team spirit and clear BILL BRADLEY upon the occasion of his ready earned the reputation as being thinking on the court. As a U.S. Sena­ induction into the Basketball Hall of one of the true leaders of the Senate. tor, BILL BRADLEY has woven all of Fame. He is an outstanding public servant these impressive personal characteris­ During his successful basketball tics together to give New Jersey one of career, both at Princeton University completely dedicated to the needs of its finest public servants ever. and with the New York Knickerbock­ the people of New Jersey and this In 3 years, BILL BRADLEY has estab­ ers, BILL exemplified the team spirit great Nation. lished himself so quickly as an effec­ and selflessness which is so critical to Be it on the basketball court or in tive Senator that I and many others success in sports, much as it is to our the political arena, BILL BRADLEY is think of him as a seasoned Senate vet­ work in the Congress. indeed a "Hall of Farner" and I am eran. It is extraordinary to consider Yet BILL's career has hardly been proud to call him my friend. that previous to the fine public service stereotypical. His years at Princeton Many leaders throughout our land he is now giving our country BILL gave true meaning to the term "schol­ are keeping a close watch on BILL spent a full 10 years in another occu­ ar athlete." He gave up two lucrative BRADLEY'S fine performance as a Sena­ pation. years in professional basketball to tor and his complete grasp of the com­ The Senator never rested on his lau­ pursue his studies at Oxford on a plexities of National Government. rels as a basketball star and sports ce­ Rhodes scholarship, and was still able, I would like to go on record today lebrity. He decided he wanted to help upon his return, to become a vital and state unequivocally that it will not others and serve his country. Through factor in the Knicks' two world cham­ be too long before we see BILL BRAD­ tireless dedication and hard work, the pionships. LEY in the White House.e 12996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE May 19, 1983 CUBAN INDEPENDENCE DAY pied or colonized nations were liberated by tleman from Pennsylvania point that I made earlier was daring Castro to celebrate the day of II, when both Russia and China were aided that as I watched that broadcast, I felt Cuban independence and freedom and to liberate themselves from German and strongly that it should be labeled Japanese occupation with America's help. "Physician Heal Thyself," because joining with our Cuban friends in com­ The above statements are historically es­ memoration of those great patriots, tablished facts forgotten under the stress of there is no doubt that the kinds of both Cuban and American, in their political battle by U.S. against an ever ag­ policies that the gentleman from Mas­ gallant and shared struggle against gressive foe who specializes in propaganda sachusetts and many of the liberals in tyranny. trickery, such as Russian sponsored "World this House have pursued over a period The message follows: Peace Movement" and utter falsehoods rep­ of years have had the effect of being CUBAN INDEPENDENCE DAY-1983 resented by Russian backed "World Nuclear cruel regardless of how well inten­ Freeze"; and who has enslaved countries uti­ CRUSADE 1983.-Worldwide Solidarity Mes­ lizing the noble colors of liberation, falsely tioned they may have been. And the sage honoring Cuban patriots Jose Marti, and criminally. Speaker, a few moments ago, in de­ General Antonio Maceo Grajales, General In the name of Cubans, Americans, and scribing what he thought the success­ Generoso Campos Marquette and American the world's peoples, we publicly challenge es of his program were versus what he patriot President Theodore Roosevelt, who our atheistic totalitarian and political adver­ thought the cruel failures of the personally led Americans fighting alongside saries to produce and name just one May Cubans to successfully liberate Cuba. That Reagan program were, outlined specif­ 20th style of real free self-autonomous sov­ ically where the problems are. first real liberation date was commemorated ereign state produced by Russia or China, on May 20, 1902 and is known as Cuban In­ via a communist induced and backed revolu­ For example, the Speaker talked, dependence Day. tion. In two words, they cannot. rightfully so, about the high unem­ To: His Excellency Ronald W. Reagan, May 20th, Cuban Independence Day, also ployment rates in this country. And Vice-President George Bush and Adminis­ there is no doubt that unemployment tration. Honorable Speaker Thomas P. Latin-American and World Solidarity Day is O'Neill Jr., Congressmen Dante B. Fascell, the actual anniversary of America's Foreign is unacceptably high. The kind of mil­ Claude Pepper, Robert Garcia and all other Policy Principles; Liberate and Aid to Liber­ lions of Americans who are not work­ members of the United States of America, ate, as against the Dominate by Force and ing today is totally unacceptable in House of Representatives and Senate and to colonize practice championed by World this society and the Speaker is right to the peoples of our world. Communism. American and global peoples our duty and point that out. Cuban Independence Day is also Latin The question is: Is that a failure of American and World American Solidarity moral obligation is to hammer out these Day since it signifies the very first day of truths via the entire global media to edu­ Ronald Reagan's policies or is it a fail­ Hemispheric and Global Brotherhood. In cate world opinion by commemorating next ure of the liberal policies that have order to reflect the true beliefs and senti­ May 20th anniversary of Cuban Independ­ governed this country for the last 50 ments of world-wide peoples after having ence Day 1902 representing the first true years? And I would say it is the latter. their memories refreshed as to the real his­ 20th century liberation and transmitting It is the latter because what the lib­ torical and present day established and the above Solidarity message of strong erals have brought us to is a policy known facts that remain unchallenged truths, hemispherically and universally. We call upon the free nations of the world which says no growth. The liberals do today, we expose these facts for the global not like growth. All of their policies population to hear, see and take very care­ to stand united behind American Universal ful notice of. Foreign Policy and aid, liberate all of the are aimed at not allowing the country The United States in joining Cuban patri­ world's enslaved peoples from communist to grow any further, whether it be ots last century in their struggle for free­ tyranny and oppression now infiltering the their environmental policies, whether dom against Spanish tyranny did not exact Western Hemisphere and elsewhere via the it be their jobs policies, whether it be their pound of flesh and colonize Cuba as communist surrogate of Soviet Russia, who their economic policies, all of them are has always and still is the practice when in 1959 stole Cuban liberty from Cubans, Fidel Castros Red Cuba. designed around a "no growth" kind of large powerful nations have aided small criteria. countries in their so-called freedom wars. We also call upon the global free nations Instead America rejoiced together with to join in complete solidarity; militarily, eco­ I say a lack of growth in society is Cuba on May 20th, 1902 when they celebrat­ nomically, politically and religiously and cruel because it keeps people from ed their hard-won freedom then. America thus unified march to triump over World working. That is what brings about had helped a new free democratic nation to Communism before the 1980's end. unemployment. That is the reason be born by aiding them during their libera­ Dr. Joseph R. Julia, President, Cuban why 10.1 million Americans are unem­ tion struggles and after economically. Crusade Political Committees. Ms. Candy Achay, President, Hemispheric ployed. And today more than ever it is very neces­ Under Ronald Reagan, thank good­ sary for the United States to point out their Committee. record, referring to all of their dealings with Dr. Alejandro Paniagua, President, Cana­ ness, some of that has been reversed. any nation small or large; America has dian Committee. Growth has been restored to the always liberated or aided liberation but has Mr. Steve Min, Federal Reserve, in particular, comes before the House then to ex­ adept at coining terms to describe new wants to impose a legislative moratori­ plain his remarks. phenomena, attitudes, and objects um by defining the term "bank" in the I would hope that we could have a when existing language does not fully Bank Holding Company Act to include discussion of some of these issues, be­ portray those phenomena, attitudes any institution which offers an in­ cause I think that the cruelty is very and objects. Abundant examples can sured deposit. This would preclude, for much a problem of what has gone on be found by reading the CONGRESSION­ example, securities firms or nonfinan­ for the last 50 years in this country AL RECORD or the daily newspaper. We cial frims from acquiring a "bank" and particularly for the last 20 years have "bytes," "bits," "ARMs," "Atari until the moratorium expired. in this country. I happen to think that Democrats," "boll weevils," and However, the legal staff at the Fed­ a reversal of priorities to change the "gypsy moths." All of these words and eral Reserve is discovering the simple direction in which the Nation is going phrases are used to describe things issue of redefining one term in the is long overdue. I think Ronald which are often on the cutting edge of Bank Holding Comapny Act-even for Reagan has made some first steps. change in society. a moratorium-it is not as simple as it They have been very minor steps, they Turning to what many view as an es­ seems. Their draft legislation gets have not moved us very far. The idea oteric area-the world of finance­ longer by the day as they look behind of spending cuts that the Speaker practitioners are coining phrases to de­ the phrases used in the statutes to the talked about are principally a myth. scribe institutions which provide fi­ real world of firms competing for The fact is, the Federal Government is nancial services for consumers and market share in the financial services spending much more today than it businesses. We hear a lot today about sector of the economy. spent in past years. It will spend much "nonbank banks," "nondepository fi­ The Federal Reserve staff and more next year than it spent this year. nancial institutions," "nonbank bank anyone else interested in establishing We are on a spending spree unprece­ bank holding companies," and other a moratorium must answer a number dented in the history of the country. equally confusing and at times ques­ of questions before signing off on pro­ To do that, we are financing that tionable terms. posed legislation. spending spree with debts that we These terms reflect the growing One. Should States be allowed to caru1ot afford. And that is the product number and variety of corporate enti­ pass statutes providing their State of what we do here. ties engaging in the business of provid­ chartered banks the authority to We have been fascinated, many of ing new or differently packaged finan­ engage in activities which would be us, over the last couple of days to hear cial service products to a wide variety impermissible for national banks or liberal Democrats coming to the floor of customers. Examples include: banks regulated by the Federal Re­ complainting about deficits. They Gulf & Western which has a major serve? complain about deficits because I stake in the financial services industry Two. Should States be allowed to think they feel the guilt of those defi- through its finance subsidiary which continue to authorize interstate bank- May 19, 1983 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 12999 ing operations involving financial in­ the possibility of undue concentration short, GAO found deficiences in all of stitutions within their boundaries, au­ of economic resources; and what au­ the 40 cases in its sample. As if this thorizations which the large money thority and power the Federal Gov­ evidence were not appalling enough, center banks and savings and loans are ernment needs to adequately conduct another study conducted by GAO beginning to use? monetary policy. found that of the 1,400 mental disabil­ Three. If acquisitions of nonbanks Mr. Speaker, I raise these questions ity reexamination cases appealed be­ by securities firms and nonfinancial and make these observations to indi­ tween June 1981 and August 1982, 91 firms should be halted, should bank cate the complexity of the problem. I percent of the decisions were reversed and savings and loan acquisitions or do not question the motives of those at the administrative law judge level establishment of securities operations who argue for or against moratorium and the claimants' benefits were rein­ be halted? legislation. But, as I have attempted to stated. Four. Should the Federal Reserve indicate, we must first recognize that Mr. Speaker, when 9 out of 10 deci­ authorization of discount brokerage this is not a simple problem which sions are reversed on appeal, it be­ under the nonbanking activity section allows a rush to judgment.e comes more than obvious that some­ of the Bank Holding Company Act or thing is terribly wrong with the the more expansive Federal Deposit THE NEED FOR A MORATORIUM present criteria for determining Insurance Corporation outline for se­ ON SSI DISABILITY REVIEWS mental disability and the review proc­ curities activities of State chartered ess itself. Further, with 9 out of 10 in­ nonmember banks be restricted or pro­ OF THE MENTALLY DISABLED The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under dividuals ultimately regaining their hibited? benefits after a painful and costly Five. Should the lack of a prohibi­ a previous order of the House, the gen­ tion against acquisitions of savings and tleman from California In the case of a redetermination under assistance in complying with the Secretary's paragraph <1> of a prior action which found instructions or with any other requirements serves the attention of all Members of that an individual was not under a disabil­ and procedures which may be applicable Congress, I am attaching the report in ity, if such individual is found on redetermi­ under such program. If any such assistance brief for their study. nation to be under a disability, such redeter­ is required, or if such assistance is requested The PRESIDENT, mination shall be applied as though it has by the individual, the Secretary shall either The White House, been made at the time of such prior action. provide such assistance or refer the individ­ Washington, D.C. REQUIREMENT FOR EVALUATION BY ual to an appropriate State or local agency DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: As representatives of PSYCHIATRIST OR PSYCHOLOGIST or organization which can provide such as­ America's business and academic communi­ SEC. 3. Section 1614(a)(3) of the Social sistance. ties, we welcomed your invitation last year Security Act is amended by adding at the In every case where an individual is ap­ to prepare a set of recommendations de­ end thereof the following new subpara­ plying for or receiving monthly insurance signed to strengthen the ability of this graph: benefits based on disability under title II of nation to compete more effectively in the "CG> In any case in which an individual the Social Security Act, the Secretary shall world marketplace. On behalf of the Busi­ claims to be under a disability by reason of take such steps as may be necessary to ness-Higher Education Forum, we are a mental impairment, the determination of assure that such individual is fully informed pleased to present you our report-"Ameri­ whether such individual is under a disability of the assistance in applying for supplemen­ ca's Competitive Challenge: The Need for a shall be made only after the Secretary has tal security income benefits under title XVI National Response." demonstrated that a qualified psychiatrist of such Act, and in complying with any We make one central recommendation: or psychologist has completed the medical other requirements and procedures which our society must develop a consensus that portion of the sequential evaluation and re­ may be applicable to individuals seeking industrial competitiveness on a global scale sidual functional capacity assessment.". benefits under such title on the basis of is crucial to our social and economic well­ (b) The amendment made by subsection such a disability, which is available under being. shall apply with respect to applications subsection of this section and otherwise. Unless the United States improves its abil­ filed for benefits under title XVI of the All hearings and other proceedings ity to compete, unless we develop a compre­ Social Security Act on or after the date of under title XVI of the Social Security Act hensive, coherent, long-term approach, and the enactment of this Act. with respect to individuals whose eligibility unless we address our problems from a REQUIREMENT OF SPECIFIC ANNUAL AUTHORIZA­ for benefits under such title is or would be broad perspective-we fear that domestic TIONS OF FUNDS FOR REVIEWS INVOLVING DIS­ based on disability shall be held at locations economic revitalization will remain an elu­ ABILITIES BASED ON MENTAL IMPAIRMENT and in buildings that are reasonably accessi­ sive goal. And unless we rebuild the Ameri­ UNDER SSI PROGRAM ble to such individuals and other similarly can economy and strengthen our education­ handicapped persons.e al system, it will be increasingly difficult-if SEc. 4. For the fiscal year beginning Octo­ not impossible-to maintain a just society, a ber 1, 1983, and each fiscal year thereafter, high standard of living for all Americans, no funds are authorized to be appropriated and a strong national defense. for periodic eligibility reviews under the AMERICA'S COMPETITIVE CHAL­ Many of the causes of our economic prob­ supplemental security income program with LENGE: THE NEED FOR A NA­ lems are deep-rooted and systemic-immune respect to individuals whose claim to disabil­ TIONAL RESPONSE to "quick fixes." In the past, there have ity benefits under such program is based in The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under been many proposed changes in the areas of whole or in part on mental impairment, technology, innovation, capital investment, except to the extent that such funds are a previous order of the House, the gen­ education, regulatory reform and interna­ specifically authorized for such reviews in tleman from New York of the Social Securi­ foreign competition vanished. Mean­ an inability to integrate the multitude of ty Disability Amendments of 1980 is amend­ specific, short-term solutions into a multifa­ ed by striking out ", but shall remain in while, this country has been slow to ceted, long-term response. effect only for a period of three years after accept and adapt to the reality of a Our approach must be comprehensive and such effective date". highly competitive global marketplace based on the new economic realities. Given CONTINUED PAYMENT OF DISABILITY BENEFITS and what it means for our continued the emergence of a global marketplace, a DURING APPEAL; PROVISIONS MADE PERMA­ economic stability. turn inward will be self-defeating in the NENT FOR PURPOSES OF SSI PROGRAM As a result, we have suffered severe long run. Our mandate must not be to economic dislocation, including mas­ punish or retard the competitive gains made SEC. 6. In applying the provision of section by other nations, but to do a better job of 223(g) of the Social Security Act with respect general decline in the American stand­ quire investment in physical capital (plant to individuals receiving benefits based on ard of living. and equipment> and human capital, as well disability under such title XVI- Over the course of the coming year, as a commitment to improved technological ( 1) paragraph <1> of such section 223(g) shall be read as though it omitted clause the House Subcommittee on Economic innovation. While this effort will require , and Stabilization, which I chair, will hold a the active participation of all segments of (2) paragraph (3) of such section 223(g) series of hearings into every facet of society working individually and together, the leadership for such an initiative can shall be read as though it omitted subpara­ our country's industrial policy, with come from only one person: the President of graph . the intent of bringing legislation to the United States. ASSISTANCE TO DISABLED INDIVIDUALS IN COM­ the House floor during this Congress. We welcomed your recent State of the PLYING WITH REQUIREMENTS AND PROCE­ In this regard, I was pleased to read Union address, the subsequent Economic DURES UNDER SSI PROGRAM a report that was issued this past Report, and many of the budget recommen­ SEC. 7. In any case where a disability weekend by the Business-Higher Edu­ dations you submitted to Congress. They determination is to be made under the sup­ cation Forum, an organization of cor­ were positive steps to place the interrelated plemental security income program under porate and academic leaders. The issues of trade, technology and investment title XVI of the Social Security Act with re­ into the proper perspective for the Ameri­ spect to an individual, or a review is to be report, entitled "America's Competi­ can people. carried out under such program with re­ tive Challenge: The Need for a Nation­ More must be done, however, to elevate spect to an individual who has previously al Response," makes several recom­ the competitive challenge to the top of the been determined to be under a disability, mendations for Presidential action to national agenda. We believe the time is the Secretary of Health and Human Serv- help reestablish America's competitive right to build on your recent initiatives in

11--059 0-87-18 (Pt. 10) 13002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE May 19, 1983 this direction. Thus, we recommend that ROBERT Q. MARSTON, from only one person: the President of the you continue your leadership by taking sev­ President, University of Florida. United States. eral key actions to increase understanding J. W. PELTASON, We are convinced that once the American of the importance of industrial competitive­ President, people are sufficiently informed about the ness and to create the institutional mecha­ American Council on Education. nature and severity of the competitive chal­ nisms through which other leaders can CLIFTON R. WHARTON, JR., lenge, they will respond with the same na­ begin the complex process of developing Chancellor, tional consensus that allowed the United consensus on short- and long-term goals and State University of New York System. States to land men on the moon, and with solutions. the same national effort that enabled the FOREWORD United States to establish world leadership Our report does not pretend to provide all The questions of American economic vital­ the answers. Rather, we approached the in such industries as computers and infor­ ity, innovation and industrial competitive­ mation processing, telecommunications, bio­ task with two objectives: to help us-and ness have reached a level of broad discus­ you-understand our present situation; and technology and commercial aircraft. sion among the nation's leading public and Fortunately, competitive vitality chiefly to find the missing links that have prevent­ private institutions. Recognition is growing ed effective action in the past. Our findings depends on precisely those three elements that all sectors of American society have an which historically have been America's most and accompanying recommendations are de­ important stake in economic renewal and signed to provide a departure point for powerful economic tools-productive capital important roles to play in bringing about investment, pace-setting technological inno­ future initiatives. that renewal. We stand at the hinge of history, with an vation, and a skilled work force. We must re­ In the spring of 1982, the President of the store our strengths in all three areas simul­ unprecedented opportunity to combine the United States issued an invitation to the lessons of our past with the resources of our taneously by fostering public policies and Business-Higher Education Forum to ex­ private initiatives that strengthen our com­ future to revitalize the economy, create plore ways in which our national competi­ more jobs, and increase the standard of petitive position in the world economy. tive position could be further strengthened Strengthening America's ability to com­ living. through increased innovation and produc­ As a nation, we have the tools: a rich pete will require exceptional resources, pa­ tivity. The Forum, a group of corporate and tience, sacrifice and vision. It will require knowledge base; an energetic and creative university chief executives, accepted the people; a flexible form of democratic gov­ avoiding the twin pitfalls of protectionism challenge not only to assess America's com­ and increased government intervention into ernment; and a wealth of scientific advances petitive condition, but to make specific rec­ and technological breakthroughs waiting private sector activities. Indeed, it will re­ ommendations for its improvement through quire each segment of society to perform only to be put to productive use. Indeed, the the instruments of public policy. richness and diversity of our resources those parts of the overall effort for which it A research and study effort, spanning the is best suited and to enter into new coopera­ imbues us with a special responsibility to past year, was conducted by the Forum. A utilize them for the good of not only our tive alliances when necessary. 16-member task force of forum members We are emerging from a period of severe own citizens, but for all mankind. met periodically to review the information The task will not be easy. It will call for economic difficulty. Renewed growth, more gleaned from past surveys and contempo­ jobs and higher standards of living are well institutional change as well as technological rary expertise. From these deliberations, innovation. We must operate from a new within the capacities of the American the task force developed its report and rec­ people. The requirements are innovation, worldwide perspective. We must find new ommendations. approaches and forge new partnerships for commitment and leadership. The task force study project and its final The following report, findings and recom­ coodinated action. Above all, we need a fo­ report benefited from contributions and cused national commitment. We must start mendations are offered as a departure point scrutiny from outside the Forum member­ for this important national endeavor. now. ship. As a special adviser to the project, Wil­ We, and the institutions we represent, are liam 0. Baker, the distinguished former THE COMPETITIVE CHALLENGE committed to the pursuit of this vital and Chairman of the Board of Bell Telephone The United States has experienced a pro­ urgent national goal. We are prepared to Laboratories, provided important guidance. longed period of economic difficulty. In the assist you in whatever way we can. Thanks are also extended to Pat Choate for past 12 years, the nation has suffered three Sincerely, his assistance in the preparation of this major recessions, each worse than the last. R. ANDERSON, report. The study was underwritten in part In 1982, more Americans were out of work Chairman of the Board and Chief Execu­ by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation and than at any time since the Great Depres­ tive Officer, Rockwell International the National Science Foundation. sion. Productivity growth has declined from Corporation; Task Force Co-Chair­ earlier years. Trade and budget deficits have man; Chairman, Business-Higher Edu­ INTRODUCTION risen. Most importantly, a growing number cation Forum. The central objective of the United States of U.S. industries are less competitive than DAVID s. SAXON, for the remainder of the decade must be to they were in the recent past-a decline that President, University of California; Task improve the ability of American industry is simultaneously a cause and a consequence Force Co-Chairman. and American workers to compete in mar­ of our economic malaise. DEREK C. BOK, kets at home and abroad. The new economic Any review of U.S. economic conditions President, Harvard University. realities of global competition demand a must recognize that the realities of econom­ PHILIP CALDWELL, broadly based national effort to make this ic competition have changed. While the U.S. Chairman, Ford Motor Company. possible. economy has remained relatively stagnant EDWARD DONLEY, This effort must be structured to allow in recent years, other countries have made Chairman, both independent and cooperative actions rapid gains. The Japanese and the Europe­ Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. by all sectors. Thus, government's responsi­ ans already have captured major shares of THEODORE M. liESBURGH, bility is not to direct the activities of the the world markets for products such as c.s.c., private sector, but to streamline its own automobiles, steel, machine tools and other President, University of Notre Dame. processes and create an environment in manufactured goods. Since 1960, the U.S. GERALD D. LAUBACH, which the individual and collective talents balance of trade in these highly visible, President, Pfizer, Inc. of the private sector can be focused to meet older industries has declined from about JAMES E. OLSON, the competitive challenge. zero to an annual trade deficit of over $35 Vice Chairman of the Board, Yet American society remains confused billion. American Telephone & Telegraph Co. and divided about both the nature of the Today, these same countries have targeted WESLEY W. POSVAR, competitive challenge and the national re­ and are winning major world market shares Chancellor, University of Pittsburgh. sponse it requires. Until citizens recognize in the rapidly growing, high-technology and JOHN F. BURLINGAME, that industrial competitiveness on an inter­ service industries of the future, such as Vice Chairman of the Board. national scale is the key to economic computers, telecommunications, advanced General Electric Company. growth, and until they appreciate that the electronics, biotechnology, aerospace, insur­ RICHARD M. CYERT, overall well-being of society itself depends ance and financing. In the past decade President, Carnegie-Mellon University. on such economic growth, we fear that little alone, America's share of world exports in PAUL H. HENSON, progress will be made. these industries has declined from 25 per­ Chairman, Developing that understanding will re­ cent to 20 percent. United Telecommunications, Inc. quire leadership from all sectors of society­ The once-insulated American economy MATINA S. HORNER, business, education, labor, as well as govern­ has become increasingly part of an interna­ President, Radcliffe College. ment. But the essential leadership can come tional marketplace. As late as 1960, the total May 19, 1983 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE 13003 value of U.S. imports and exports constitut­ plication of scientific discoveries and tech­ other policies are considered virtually guar­ ed less than 10 percent of the nation's Gross nological advances. antees that their limited objectives will be National Product ; today, trade ac­ A number of factors contribute to this de­ pursued with little regard either for broader counts for more than 25 percent. The world cline: Since 1960 the proportion of industri­ national goals or for their effects on other economy has become increasingly interde­ ally funded R&D devoted to basic research policy objectives. pendent. Thus, the full revitalization of the fell from 8 percent to 4 percent. Much of Not surprisingly, policies frequently oper­ U.S. economy is dependent upon the ability that research-which is necessary for major ate at cross-purposes and undermine each of American industry and workers to com­ breakthroughs and sustained productivity other. For example, significant increases in pete in global markets at home and abroad. improvements-was redirected to short-term regulatory activities in the 1970s annually Other nations have recognized the new objectives. In some industries, this shift was diverted tens of billions of dollars of private economic imperative and have integrated in response to health, safety, environmental investment capital into non-productive ac­ their domestic and foreign polices into ag­ and other regulatory requirements. At the tivities. At the same time, fiscal policies gressive, coordinated national strategies to same time, American universities-which were attempting to stimulate productive meet the challenge of international compe­ conduct more than half the nation's basic capital investment in modernized plant, tition. The United States has not. research-have suffered from an accumulat­ equipment and technology without achiev­ Just as the new economic realities must be ed underinvestment in facilities and equip­ ing the intended benefits. viewed from a broad perspective, so must ment amounting to an estimated $1-4 bil­ Significantly, the United States-unlike the consequences of continuing decline. The lion. other nations-does not have a coherent for­ repercussions of a stagnant economy go Advances in manufacturing technology eign economic policy capable of addressing beyond the statistics that document lost have been an important element in the in­ key issues affecting the nation's ability to market shares, decreased GNP and in­ creased competitiveness of Japan and West­ creased unemployment. A weak economy compete in the new global marketplace. ern Europe in such industries as automo­ Inflexible institutions impair a nation's and an inadequately trained work force in­ biles, aircraft and agricultural machinery. trude upon our social and political well­ ability to compete. The new economic reali­ In the United States it appears that the ties posed by the competitive challenge re­ being, adversely affecting the ability of the level of investment in manufacturing tech­ United States to deliver essential public quire nations not only to keep pace with ac­ nology has, until recently, been quite low. celerating technological, economic, social services to its citizens, to maintain a strong Federal R&D spending also plays an im­ national defense, and to improve the living and international change-but to set the portant role. The U.S. government spends pace. America's public and private institu­ standard of all its citizens. substantially less than governments of A weak economy is also the breeding tions-government, business, labor and edu­ other industrialized nations on projects to cation-have become barriers to the flexible ground for rigid and reactive public policy stimulate industrial development and solutions to economic problems. Trade pro­ response which is the key to future prosper­ growth. Instead, more than two-thirds of ity. tectionism, national economic planning, federal R&D monies are allocated to de­ income redistribution and plant-closing re­ An administrative gridlock exists within fense and space projects, and thus make a and among federal, state and local govern­ strictions are only some of the solutions smaller direct contribution to productivity that become attractive in the absence of ments. Business has too often sacrificed than would expenditures specifically for longer-term competitiveness and markets jobs and opportunities provided by a dy­ commercial projects. namic, competitive economy experiencing for short-term results. Education has given Technology transfers-between govern­ insufficient attention to developing the long-term, non-inflationary growth. Such al­ ment and industry and between universities ternatives are at odds with America's tradi­ basic skills-math and science-that will be and industry-are weak. More importantly, needed by workers in an age governed by tions of free trade and a free economy with tax, regulatory and patent policies hamper minimal government intervention. More im­ high technology. Labor has been slow in rec­ the ability of industry to commercialize in­ ognizing the economic realities of a chang­ portantly, they are counterproductive to novations. achieving economic revitalization. ing world economy. And citizens themselves Human resources are essential ingredients have supported, even demanded, programs THE COMPETITIVE CLIMATE in the process of technological innovation that shift the nation's wealth from invest­ A nation's ability to compete depends on and economic competitiveness. Yet the ment to consumption. the vitality of three primary, interactive American work force may not be prepared Finally, America has yet to capitalize fully and interdependent elements: productive for the new competitive challenges. Short­ on the opportunity to organize knowledge capital investment; technological innova­ ages are developing in critical skills, such as for action. U.S. institutions have failed to tion, ranging from basic research to the computer science and engineering; some in­ structure and share information in a way commercialization of new products and dustries are becoming less people-intensive, useful in taking steps to enhance America's processes; and development of human re­ thus supplying fewer jobs; and one in every ability to compete-ranging from the intro­ sources. five American workers is functionally illiter­ duction of new products to the development Despite the fact that the United States ate, unable to participate in even entry-level of new laws and regulations. The country's has the world's largest capital base, the training. vast resources of knowledge and sophisticat­ world's most advanced technology, and a In the next decade, 15 million new work­ ed information-processing tools can be the highly educated and skilled work force, ers will enter the work force. They-and basis for a powerful competitive advan­ there is disturbing evidence that the nation many of the 100 million currently em­ tage-if they are focused on that goal. is failing to utilize these strengths fully. ployed-will need education, training and Capital investment historically has been a retraining to keep abreast of changing job RECOMMENDATIONS major contributor to U.S. productivity needs. Yet U.S. institutions are inadequate­ The central objective of domestic policy growth and hence to the nation's ability to ly prepared for this important challenge. for the remainder of the decade must be to compete. Yet for more than a decade, pro­ Among the many factors contributing to improve the ability of American industry duction-related capital investment has been the weakened vitality of America's capital and American workers to compete on an declining as a percent of the GNP. Al­ investment, technological innovation and international scale. The U.S. economy is though aggregate capital investment by human resources, three are critical: disor­ now inextricably and deeply linked to the American business annually exceeded 10 dered public policy-making; inflexible insti­ world economy. Thus, unless the United percent of the GNP throughout the 1970s, tutions; and a failure to organize knowledge States improves its ability to compete in real productive investment in plant and for action. Thus, the stagnation of the U.S. global markets at home and abroad, the full equipment actually declined. Today, two of economy-and with it, the ability of Ameri­ revitalization of the American economy will our principal competitors-Japan and West can companies and workers to compete on a not occur. At the same time, without a Germany-make greater efforts in capital global scale-cannot be blamed on any one strong domestic economy, the United States investment as a portion of their GNPs than individual, group or institution. Rather, it is will find it difficult, if not impossible, to does the United States. the consequence of years of policy-making achieve other important national goals­ Technological innovation has long been a based largely on the discrete needs of indi­ from maintaining a strong national defense major contributor to the nation's productiv­ vidual sectors of society rather than on the to improving the quality of life for all Amer­ ity growth, too. Yet in the two key stages of needs of society as a whole. ican citizens. technological innovation-the generation of Public policy-making affecting U.S. com­ The American effort must include: in­ new technology and the commercial intro­ petitivenss is disordered and fragmented­ creased capital investment into long-term duction and use of new technology-disturb­ creating a climate of uncertainty, instabil­ productive uses; increased technological in­ ing trends are emerging. ity, and recurring booinlets and declines for novation to help industry transform inven­ There is growing evidence that the United the private sector. The ad hoc process by tions into competitive commercial products States is falling behind competitively-not which fiscal, monetary, trade, investment, and processes; and increased attention to, in inventiveness, but in the commercial ap- regulatory, antitrust, human resource and and nurturance of, the current and future 13004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE May 19, 1983 work force. Because these three areas are initiatives by the public and private sectors TRADE strongly interactive and interdependent, to develop consensus on the specific short­ Review the effects of domestic enconomic benefits will come only through improve­ and long-term changes needed. policies to ensure education and labor-as well as individual PRESIDENTIAL ADVISER ON ECONOMIC that they are compatible with the needs of citizens. COMPETITIVENESS our economy to remain competitive. In the past, a large number of specific rec­ The Forum recommended that the Presi­ Strengthen current regulatory reform ef­ ommendations have been made, each de­ dent appoint an Adviser on Economic Com­ forts funding for company­ Greater support for university research, unanimous consent that my special sponsored projects at universities. especially in neglected non-proprietary order on today be considered as part Support the proposed 10 percent increase areas. of the special order that was taken on in federal funding for basic research in the Assistance in improving precollege educa­ Thursday, May 12, 1983, by my col­ President's budget for FY84. tion, particularly in science and mathemat­ league, the gentleman from New York Increase federal funding to upgrade and ics. replace universities' obsolete equipment and (Mr. GARCIA). facilities. UNIVERSITY INITIATIVES The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is Identify new methods of transferring Teaching and Research. Universities can there objection to the request of the technology developed with government contribute by increasing their emphasis on gentleman from New York? R&D to private industry. teaching and research in the following There was no objection. Develop a system for collecting informa­ areas: tion on foreign technology developments The extent and impact of trade barriers and disseminating it to U.S. industry. on U.S. competitiveness. Foreign management practices and com­ ANTHONY ALVARADO: EXCEL­ HUMAN RESOURCES LENT CHOICE TO HEAD NYC Develop a coherent, comprehensive na­ parisons to the United States. tional displaced worker program modeled Expanded study programs and curriculum SCHOOLS after the G.I. Bill with its educational requirements in the fields of foreign lan­ The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under "vouchers." The program would be financed guage, culture and sociopolitical institu­ a previous order of the House, the gen­ tions. jointly by employers, employees and the tleman from New York , similar to the Individual Retirement tion, high productivity and high product The board made an excellent deci­ Account CIRA>. to provide incentives for in­ quality. sion in selecting Mr. Alvarado to head dividuals to save for their own training and Centers for international study should the largest and one of the most trou­ retraining needs. strengthen programs and data bases in the Provide special loans to U.S. graduate en­ areas of industrial, commercial, legal and fi­ bled school districts in the country. gineering students who agree to teach. The nancial practices and institutions. His 10-year tenure as superintendent loans would be forgiven at a specified Graduate schools in public administration, of district 4 has been marked by star­ amount for each teaching year. government, law and the social sciences tling achievements. Provide additional support from the should expand teaching and research on the At a time when student competence public and private sectors to train secondary importance of innovation and international in basic skills was declining sharply school science and math teachers. trade to economic vitality. throughout the country, Mr. Alvarado PRIVATE SECTOR INITIATIVES Engineering schools should reemphasize compiled a remarkable record in im­ While changes in public policy are essen­ manufacturing engineering. proving academic standards in his dis­ tial, they only establish the climate for pri­ Administrative. In addition to specific trict, which encompasses one of the vate sector activities. The revitalization of changes in teaching and research, universi­ ties can revise certain general administra­ poorest areas of the city. The propor­ the U.S. economy through competition ulti­ tion of district 4 students reading at mately depends on the degree to which pri­ tive practices to enhance the contribution of vate sector institutions capitalize on avail­ university research and teaching to industri­ grade level nearly doubled during his able opportunities. al competitiveness. Some actions are: tenure, rising from 25 percent in 1979 The following list of private sector initia­ Alleviate equipment problems through to 48 percent in 1982. tives is intended primarily to provide exam­ such means as specialization by institution, In an era when student interest and ples of the kinds of efforts that can be un­ shared facilities and arrangements with motivation was sagging, Mr. Alvarado dertaken by businesses and institutions of local industries. attracted some 400 students from out­ higher education-working individually and Adjust academic schedules to accommo­ side his district. His system of 22 alter­ together-to stimulate a renewal of Ameri­ date mid-career science and engineering stu­ can economic vitality, innovation and com­ dents. native minischools, each focused on a petitiveness. Make engineering faculty salaries more particular subject area, has been a key competitive with market salaries by estab­ in challenging students and stimulat­ INDUSTRY INITIATIVES lishing separate wage scales independent of ing student interest. Encouraging Innovation and Competi­ the campus-wide standard. tion. The American business community At a time when the entire Nation is must bear a large portion of the burden of INDUSTRY-UNIVERSITY INITIATIVES searching hard for ideas and leader­ revitalizing industrial competitiveness. Ac­ Cooperative Relationships. Working to­ ship with which to rebuild national tions are required in a number of areas to gether, businesses and universities can pool educational excellence, Mr. Alvarado improve operations: talents and resources to accomplish what is generating enthusiasm with his American industry should critically reex­ they could not achieve working independ­ ideas for New York City public amine the long-term competitive viability of ently. Potential benefits include the more schools. He has proposed pilot projects the time horizon used for planning invest­ expeditious transfer of research results to for dealing with the city's 45 percent ments and evaluating pay-backs. commercialization and the education of stu­ Regional financial institutions should dents on subjects relevant to industrial high school dropout rate and all-day either develop an internal capability for needs. Key areas include: kindergarten classes throughout the supporting exports or create effective refer­ Collaborative problem-oriented research district. Some of his ideas are contro­ ral procedures to help local industry. should be encouraged. versial but I am confident that many Industry should give more emphasis to Industrial firms and universities should of his innovations will be strongly sup­ manufacturing technologies, and upgrade develop methods of accelerating commer­ ported and effectively implemented. the incentives for specializing in this area. cialization, including the creation of new in­ In addition to his demonstrated lead­ The career-long professional development stitutions and forms of cooperative relation­ ership in educational administration, of industrial scientific and engineering per­ ships. sonnel should receive greater emphasis from Business and higher education should there are other reasons that Mr. Alva­ both employees and companies. work with government to develop better rado was an excellent selection. He has Supporting Education. Industry can be of data on trends in technological change and roots and experience in the district, assistance to the educational system and, competitiveness for use in business and gov­ having started as a teacher in New more importantly, to its own long-term in- ernment policy-making.e York City in 1965 and quickly working 13006 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE May 19, 1983 his way up through administrative po­ House adjourned until Monday, May with amendments; referred to the Commit­ sitions. As a Hispanic he will serve as a 23, 1983, at 11 a.m. tee on Appropriations for a period not to · role model for the city's large Hispanic exceed 15 legislative days with instructions to report back to the House as provided in and other minority enrollment. I be­ EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, section 40l