Household of Queen Henrietta Maria
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My Lady Castlemaine
3XCY LjlDY CASTLEMJIINE <J c& Lady Castlemaine Being a Life of {Barbara 'Uilliers Countess of Castlemaine, afterwards Duchess of Cleveland :: By Philip W Sergeant, B.jl., Author of "The Empress Josephine, Napoleon's Enchantress," "'She Courtships of Catherine the Great," &c. With 19 Illustrations including a Photogravure Frontispiece DANA ESTES & CO. BOSTON Printed in Great Britain 5134844 PREFACE TT may perhaps be maintained that, if Barbara Villiers, Countess of Castlemaine and Duchess of Cleveland, has not been written about in many books, it is for a good and sufficient reason, that she is not worth writing about. That is not an argument to be lightly decided. But certainly less interesting women have been the subjects of numerous books, worse women, less influential and less beautiful than this lady of the dark auburn hair and deep blue eyes. We know that Mr. G. K. Chesterton says that Charles II attracts him morally. (His words are " attracts us," but this must be the semi-editorial " we.") If King Charles can attract morally Mr. Chesterton, may not his favourite attract others ? Or let us be repelled, and as we view the lady acting " her part at Whitehall let us exclaim, How differ- ent from the Court of ... good King William III," if we like. Undoubtedly the career of Barbara Villiers furnishes a picture of one side at least of life in the Caroline of the life of unfalter- period ; pleasure unrestrained, ing unless through lack of cash and unrepentant. For Barbara did not die, like her great rival Louise de " Keroualle (according to Saint-Simon), very old, V 2082433 vi PREFACE " and like very penitent, very poor ; or, another rival, Hortense Mancini (according to Saint-Evre- " mond), seriously, with Christian indifference toward life." On the principle bumani nil a me alienum puto even the Duchess of Cleveland cannot be con- sidered of attention as unworthy ; but, being more extreme in type, therefore more interesting than the competing beauties of her day. -
•Supplement to the London Gazette, May 13,1886. 2329
•SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, MAY 13,1886. 2329 Comptroller of the Household, Vice-Chamberlain, Treasurer of the Household, Right Honourable Edwd. Marjoribanks, M.P. Viscount Kilcoursie, M.P. Earl of Elgin. Gentleman Usher in Waiting, Garter King of Arms, Gentleman Ushdr in Waiting, Honourable Aubrey I^itzClarcnce. Sir Albert W. Woods. Captain N. G. Philips. Lord Chamberlain,. Lord Steward, Earl of Kcnmare, K.LJ. Earl Sydney, G.C.B. His ROYAL HIGHNESS THE His ROYAL HIGHNESS THE DtflLE OF CONNAUGHT AND THE QUEEN. STKAIHEAKNE, K.G. PKINCE OF WALES, KG. Her Imperial and Royal Her Royal Highness The Her Royal Highness The Hereditary Grand Duchess of Highness The Crown Princess Princess of Wales. of Oldenburg. of Germany and of Prussia. Their Royal Highnesses The Princess Louise, The Princess Beatrice, The Princess Christian of Princess Henry of Battenberg. Suhleswig-Holstein. Marchioness of Lome. Her Royal and Imperial Highness The Duchess of Her Royal Highness The Her Royal Highness The Edinburgh with His Royal Duchess of Connaught and Duchess of Teck. Highness The Prince Alfred Strathearne. of Edinburgh. Their Royal Highnesses. The Princess Victoria of Wales. The Princess Louise of Wales. Her Royal .Highness Her Grand Ducal Highness Her Serene Highness The The Princess Louis of Princess Victoria of Teck. The Princess Maud of Wales. Batteriberg. Their Royal Highnesses The Hereditary The Duke of . The Prince The Prince Christian Grand Duke of Cambridge, K.G. Albert Victor of of Schleswig- Oldenburg. Wales, KG. Holstein, KG. His Serene Highness His Royal Highness His Serene Highness The Marquis of The Duke of Teck, The Prince Henry The Prince Louis of Lome, K.T. -
Lists of Appointments CHAMBER Administration Lord Chamberlain 1660-1837
Lists of Appointments CHAMBER Administration Lord Chamberlain 1660-1837 According to The Present State of the British Court, The Lord Chamberlain has the Principal Command of all the Kings (or Queens) Servants above Stairs (except in the Bedchamber, which is wholly under the Grooms [sic] of the Stole) who are all Sworn by him, or by his Warrant to the Gentlemen Ushers. He has likewise the Inspection of all the Officers of the Wardrobe of the King=s Houses, and of the removing Wardrobes, Beds, Tents, Revels, Musick, Comedians, Hunting, Messengers, Trumpeters, Drummers, Handicrafts, Artizans, retain=d in the King=s or Queen=s Service; as well as of the Sergeants at Arms, Physicians, Apothecaries, Surgeons, &c. and finally of His Majesty=s Chaplains.1 The lord chamberlain was appointed by the Crown. Until 1783 his entry into office was marked by the reception of a staff; thereafter more usually of a key.2 He was sworn by the vice chamberlain in pursuance of a royal warrant issued for that purpose.3 Wherever possible appointments have been dated by reference to the former event; in other cases by reference to the warrant or certificate of swearing. The remuneration attached to the office consisted of an ancient fee of ,100 and board wages of ,1,100 making a total of ,1,200 a year. The lord chamberlain also received plate worth ,400, livery worth ,66 annually and fees of honour averaging between ,24 and ,48 a year early in the eighteenth century. Shrewsbury received a pension of ,2,000 during his last year of office 1714-15. -
2224 Supplement to the London Gazette, March 17, 1879
2224 SUPPLEMENT TO THE LONDON GAZETTE, MARCH 17, 1879. Third Carriage. His Royal Highness The Prince Albert Victor of Wales. Her Royal Highness The Princess Beatrice. THE QUEEN. The Clerk Marshal, the Equerries, the Groom, the Maids of Honour, and the Woman of the Bedchamber in Waiting, and the Groom of the Robes, met The Queen at the Chapel. On arrival at the West Entrance, The Queen was received by the Great Officers, and conducted to the Haut Pas by The Lord Chamberlain, Her Majesty's Procession being formed in the following order:— Heralds. York, Lancaster, Mr. John de Havilland. Mr. George E. Cokayne. Clerk Marshal, Lieutenaut-General The Lord Alfred Paget. Equerry in Waiting, Equeny in Waiting, Colonel ' Major-General The Honourable H. W. J. Byhg. The Lord Charles Fitzroy, C.B. Comptroller of the Household, Treasurer of the Household, The Earl of Yarmouth. The Lord Henry Thynne. Keeper of Her Majesty's Privy Purse, Lieutenant-General Sir H. F. Ponsonby, K.C.B. The Groom in Waiting, The Lord in Waiting, . Major C. E. Phipps. The Viscount Hawardeii. The Gentleman Usher in Garter. The Gentleman Usher in Waiting, Sir Albert Woods. Waiting, Mr. Alpin Macgregor. Mr. Con way Seymour. The Vice-Chamberlain, The Viscount Barrington. The Lord Chamberlain, The Lord Steward, The Marquis of Hertford, G.C.B. The Earl Beauchamp. THE QUEEN, . Her Majesty's Train borne by The Groom of the Robes, Mr. H. D. Erskine of Car dross, and ' Two Pages of Honour, Honourable V. A. Spencer. Count A. E. Gleichen. Her Royal Highness His Royal Highness THE PRINCESS BEATRICE. -
Mythical Image of “Queen Mother of the West” and Metaphysical Concept of Chinese Jade Worship in Classic of Mountains and Seas
IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) Volume 21, Issue11, Ver. 6 (Nov. 2016) PP 39-46 e-ISSN: 2279-0837, p-ISSN: 2279-0845. www.iosrjournals.org Mythical Image of “Queen Mother of the West” and Metaphysical Concept of Chinese Jade Worship in Classic of Mountains and Seas Juan Wu1 (School of Foreign Language,Beijing Institute of Technology, China) Abstract: This paper focuses on the mythological image, the Queen Mother of the West in Classic of Mountains and Seas, to explore the hiding history and mental reality behind the fantastic literary images, to unveil the origin of jade worship, which plays an significant role in the 8000-year-old history of Eastern Asian jade culture, to elucidate the genetic mechanism of the jade worship budded in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, so that we can have an overview of the tremendous influence it has on Chinese civilization, and illustrate its psychological role in molding the national jade worship and promoting the economic value of jade business. Key words: Mythical Image, Mythological Concept, Jade Worship, Classic of Mountains and Seas I. WHITE JADE RING AND QUEEN MOTHER OF THE WEST As for the foundation and succession myths of early Chinese dynasties, Allan holds that “Ancient Chinese literature contains few myths in the traditional sense of stories of the supernatural but much history” (Allan, 1981: ix) and “history, as it appears in the major texts from the classical period of early China (fifth-first centuries B.C.),has come to function like myth” (Allan, 1981: 10). While “the problem of myth for Western philosophers is a problem of interpreting the meaning of myths and the phenomenon of myth-making” as Allan remarks, “the problem of myth for the sinologist is one of finding any myths to interpret and of explaining why there are so few.” (Allen, 1991: 19) To decode why white jade enjoys a prominent position in the Chinese culture, the underlying conceptual structure and unique culture genes should be investigated. -
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: ROYAL SUBJECTS
ABSTRACT Title of dissertation: ROYAL SUBJECTS, IMPERIAL CITIZENS: THE MAKING OF BRITISH IMPERIAL CULTURE, 1860- 1901 Charles Vincent Reed, Doctor of Philosophy, 2010 Dissertation directed by: Professor Richard Price Department of History ABSTRACT: The dissertation explores the development of global identities in the nineteenth-century British Empire through one particular device of colonial rule – the royal tour. Colonial officials and administrators sought to encourage loyalty and obedience on part of Queen Victoria’s subjects around the world through imperial spectacle and personal interaction with the queen’s children and grandchildren. The royal tour, I argue, created cultural spaces that both settlers of European descent and colonial people of color used to claim the rights and responsibilities of imperial citizenship. The dissertation, then, examines how the royal tours were imagined and used by different historical actors in Britain, southern Africa, New Zealand, and South Asia. My work builds on a growing historical literature about “imperial networks” and the cultures of empire. In particular, it aims to understand the British world as a complex field of cultural encounters, exchanges, and borrowings rather than a collection of unitary paths between Great Britain and its colonies. ROYAL SUBJECTS, IMPERIAL CITIZENS: THE MAKING OF BRITISH IMPERIAL CULTURE, 1860-1901 by Charles Vincent Reed Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2010 Advisory Committee: Professor Richard Price, Chair Professor Paul Landau Professor Dane Kennedy Professor Julie Greene Professor Ralph Bauer © Copyright by Charles Vincent Reed 2010 DEDICATION To Jude ii ACKNOWLEGEMENTS Writing a dissertation is both a profoundly collective project and an intensely individual one. -
The Order of Service for the Funeral of Queen
62548 Queen Mother Funeral Cov 5/4/02 2:56 am Page 2 Westminster Abbey FUNERAL of HER MAJESTY QUEEN ELIZABETH THE QUEEN MOTHER Tuesday 9 April 2002 at 11.30 am 62548 Queen Mother Funeral Page 6/4/02 3:51 am Page 1 You can shed tears that she is gone or you can smile because she has lived. You can close your eyes and pray that she’ll come back or you can open your eyes and see all she’s left. Your heart can be empty because you can’t see her or you can be full of the love you shared. You can turn your back on tomorrow and live yesterday or you can be happy for tomorrow because of yesterday. You can remember her and only that she’s gone or you can cherish her memory and let it live on. You can cry and close your mind, be empty and turn your back or you can do what she’d want: smile, open your eyes, love and go on. Not known 1 62548 Queen Mother Funeral Page 6/4/02 3:51 am Page 2 2 62548 Queen Mother Funeral Page 6/4/02 3:51 am Page 3 The whole of the church is served by a hearing loop. Users should turn their hearing aid to the setting marked T. Mobile phones and pagers must be switched OFF. The service is sung by the Choir of Westminster Abbey (Organist and Master of the Choristers, James O’Donnell) and the Choir of Her Majesty’s Chapels Royal (Organist, Choirmaster and Composer, Andrew Gant). -
And Queen Dowager (1837-1849) 1818-1849 (Compiled by J
Household of Princess Adelaide, Duchess of Clarence (1818-1830), Queen (1830-1837), and Queen Dowager (1837-1849) 1818-1849 (compiled by J. C. Sainty and R. O. Bucholz) Anderson, James M. S. Chaplain at Brighton occ. 1834-1850 (RK [1834], p. 128; last occ. [as Chaplain] ibid. [1850-sic], p. 157). Vac. 2 Dec. 1849 on d. of Queen Adelaide. Andrews, Magnus W. Apothecary occ. 1834 (RK [1834], p. 128). Vac. by 1835 (RK [1835], p. 128). --Apothecary to the Household occ. 1834-1835 (RK [1834], p. 128; last occ. ibid. [1835], p. 128). Vac. by 1836 (RK [1836], p. 129). Arnold, Elizabeth Assistant Dresser occ. 1837 (RK [1837], p. 129). First Dresser occ. 1838-1850 (RK [1838], p. 130; last occ. ibid. [1850-sic], p. 157). Vac. 2 Dec. 1849 on d. of Queen Adelaide. Ashley, Hon. William Vice Chamberlain occ. 1832-1844 (RK [1832], p. 128; last occ. ibid. [1844], p. 158]). Vice Chamberlain and Almoner occ. 1845-1846 (RK [1845], p. 157; last occ. ibid. [1846], p. 157). Vice Chamberlain occ. 1847-1850 (RK [1847], p. 158; last occ. ibid. [1850-sic], p. 156 ). Vac. 2 Dec. 1849 on d. of Queen Adelaide. --Treasurer app. 27 Oct. 1834 (GM [1834], n.s. II, 640). Occ. 1835-1844 (RK [1835], p. 128; last occ. ibid. [1844], p. 158). Office no further occ. Arnott (Arnold), James M. Surgeon Extraordinary app. 23 July 1830 (GM [1830], c (2), 76). Occ. 1831-1850 (RK [1831], p. 127; last occ. ibid. [1850-sic], p. 157). Vac. 2 Dec. 1849 on d. of Queen Adelaide. -
Household of Princesses Anne, Amelia and Caroline
Household of Princesses Anne (Princess Royal, to 1734), Amelia and Caroline (to 1757) c. 1717-1786 (compiled by Sarah Deas and R. O. Bucholz) Arnold, Thomas Helper nd (listed in undated Est., pos. 1734-1741, in Add. MS. 74066). Office no further occ. Arnold, William Clerk to the Clerk of the Kitchen occ. 1720-1726 (PSBC, p. 196; last occ. The True State of England [1726], p. 67). Office no further occ. Baker, --- Chaplain occ. 1726 (The True State of England [1726], p. 68). No further occ. Barnabe, George Coachman occ. 1745-1747 (CCR 1745], p. 97; last occ. ibid. [1747], p. 97). Vac. by 1748 (Chamberlayne [1748] II iii, 281). Barrymore, [?Margaret], Countess of Lady of the Bedchamber occ. 1786 (RK [1786], p. 102). Vac. 31 Oct. 1786 on d. of Princess Amelia. Occ. at funeral of Princess Amelia 11 Nov. 1786 (GM LVI (2) [1786], p. 1001). Bateman, --- Page to Princess Amelia occ. 1748-1752 (Chamberlayne [1748] II iii, 281; last occ. CCR [1752], p. 104). Vac. by 1753 (CCR [1753], p. 103). Bateman, --- Page to Princess Amelia occ. 1756 (CCR [1756], p. 104; last occ. ibid. [1756], p. 104). Vac. by 1757 (CCR [1757], p. 103; occ. Court and City Kalendar [1758], p. 213). Bateman, William Gentleman Usher occ. 1743-1760 (Chamberlayne [1743] II iii, 233; last occ. CCR [1760], p. 103). D. 13 Apr. 1761 (GM XXXI [1761], p. 189). -- Equerry occ. 1745-1756 (Chamberlayne [1745] II iii, 246; last occ. CCR [1756], p. 104). Vac. by 1757 (CCR [1757], p. 103). Bawden, John Footman nd (listed in undated Est., pos. -
On the National Debt
ON THE NATIONAL DEBT T the æra of the Revolution no national debt existed ; i. e. no debt debtA borrowed on Parliamentary security, for discharging the interest of which, national taxes were imposed and mortgaged. It is one of the most astonishing facts in all the records of history, that in the century which has elapsed since that memorable event, a debt has been contracted by the Government of this country, which cannot be estimated at less than two hundred and fifty millions sterling ; a sum so vast, that it probably exceeds the whole aggregate value of the precious metals actually in circulation throughout all the kingdoms of the globe. A political phenomenon so extraordinary could not fail to excite the attention, and employ the sagacity, of the ablest statesmen and philosophers, closely connected as it is with considerations of the utmost importance to the welfare, and even the exigence of the state. In opposition, however, to the most confident predictions, and indeed contrary to every apparently reasonable ground of expectation, we find by experience, that the kingdom is not only capable of sustaining the pressure of this immense load, but that it exhibits plain indications of internal vigour, and even of increasing wealth and prosperity. That there is a point, however, beyond which the accumulation of the public debt must prove destructive and fatal, cannot be doubted ; and to this general conviction we owe the late institution of a permanent fund for its gradual redemption. It is well known, that in the year 1716, Sir Robert Walpole established a fund, distinguished by the appellation of the Sinking Fund, which was appropriated, under the authority of Parliament, to the sole purpose of redeeming the national debt, at that time amounting to about fifty millions. -
Catherine De' Medici: a Woman Before Her Time by Sara Grace
Catherine de' Medici: A Woman Before her Time by Sara Grace Ericsson Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honours in History Acadia University April, 2014 © Copyright by Sara G. Ericsson, 2014 This thesis by Sara Grace Ericsson is accepted in its present form by the Department of History as satisfying the thesis requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honours Approved by the Thesis Supervisor __________________________ ____________________ Dr. Leigh Whaley Date Approved by the Head of the Department __________________________ ____________________ Dr. Paul Doerr Date Approved by the Honours Committee __________________________ ____________________ Dr. Matthew Lukeman Date ii I, Sara Ericsson, grant permission to the University Librarian at Acadia University to reproduce, loan or distribute copies of my thesis in microform, paper or electronic formats on a non-profit basis. I, however, retain the copyright in my thesis. _________________________ Signature of Author __________________________ Date iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Throughout this long, difficult, frustrating, but ultimately rewarding process, there are several people who have served to inspire me. To my mum, whose reassurance I depend on daily; To my aunt, whose gift was inspiring; To my sister, whose interest in a topic she knew nothing about was insatiable; To my brother, whose patience knows no bounds; To my dad, whose faith is appreciated; To my nana, whose wry sense of humour is always refreshing; To my grampie, whose quiet yet constant love I could never do without; And finally, to my supervisor Dr. Whaley, whose ongoing advice and encouragement were the main reasons I was able to complete this project. -
Household of James Duke of York
Household of James, Duke of York 1660-1685 The household of James, Duke of York and associated households of family members were paid for out of his vast annual revenue, estimated by contemporaries to have ranged between £100,000 and £150,000. In fact, early in the reign of his brother, in 1663, his annual revenue amounted to only £47,000, which was inadequate to pay for a household costing £75,000 per annum. This forced a retrenchment to an annual establishment of £60,000. But later in the reign, his revenue grew with the national economy. It included over £20,000 per annum (surrendered to the King in exchange for £24,000 per annum in 1663) out of the Wine Licenses and anywhere from £24,000 to £60,000 per annum from the Post Office revenues, plus his profits from the Court of Admiralty (in addition to one tenth of all prize money) as lord admiral, additional occasional grants, and the revenues from lands awarded to him from executed regicides and traitors in England and Ireland.1 1. F. C. Turner, James II (New York, 1948), p. 69n; J. Miller, James II: a Study in Kingship (New Haven, 2,000), p. 42; C. D. Chandaman, The English Public Revenue 1660-1688 (Oxford, 1980), pp. 26n, 117, 120, 121, 261, 336. The Council and Revenue Treasurers and Receivers General 1660-1685 Prior to 1n 1666 the treasurer and receiver general received £20 per annum. In that year he was given an additional £300 per annum for his attendance on the Duke and Duchess of York ‘and for all druggs, medicaments, and compositions whatsoever by him bought, prepared and administered to both their Royal Highnesses, their Highnesses the Duke of Cambridge, Lady Mary, and Lady Ann, and all their Royal Highnesses’ livery servants.’ In 1671 he received £6 13s 4d as treasurer and receiver general to the Duke.