IRAQ - Mosul, Sinjar, Telafar, Tilkaif Districts Production Date: 23 June 2014 Reference Map - June 2014
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The Expulsion of Christians from Nineveh
Nasara The Expulsion of Christians from Nineveh Paul Kingery Introduction: Mosul is Iraq’s second largest city, the site of Biblical Nineveh where Jonah and Nahum preached, and where later, according to local tradition, Jesus’ Apostles Thomas and Judas (Thaddeus) brought the Aramaic language of Jesus and His teachings. They had many converts in the area. The church there preserved the language of Jesus into modern times. The ancient Assyrian villages near water sources in the surrounding arid lands also had many Christian converts by the second century despite the continued strong presence of Assyrian, Greek, and Zoroastrian religions. Most of the Assyrian temples were converted to Christian worship places. Early Christians there faced great persecution and many were killed for their faith, including Barbara, the daughter of the pagan governor of Karamles. One of the hills beside the city is named after her. Through the centuries priests came from various religious orders and divided Christians into several sects, some loyal to the Catholic tradition, others adhering to Eastern leadership. Mohammad began preaching Islam around 610 A.D., facing violent opposition to his teachings for twenty years from tribes in the area of Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Even so, his movement grew in numbers and strength. In December 629, he gathered an army of 10,000 Muslim converts and invaded Mecca. The attack went largely uncontested and Muhammad seized the city (Sahih-Bukhari, Book 43, #658). His followers, increasingly radicalized, went on to invade other cities throughout Iraq and all the way to Europe, Africa, and Asia, giving the option of conversion or death. -
Christians and Yazidis in Iraq: Current Situation and Prospects
OTMAR OEHRING CHRISTIANS AND YAZIDIS IN IRAQ: CURRENT SITUATION AND PROSPECTS OTMAR OEHRING CHRISTIANS AND YAZIDIS IN IRAQ: CURRENT SITUATION AND PROSPECTS Published by the Konrad Adenauer Foundation Cover photo: © Ibrahim Shaba Lallo, Qaraqosh (currently Ashti Camp, Ankawa, Autonomous Region of Kurdistan) Caption of cover photo: Vertically: We work together Horizontally: We are proud Diagonally: We love, we forgive .(nun), stand for Nazara (Christ) ن The three Arabic characters, starting with The black IS flag bears the words: There is no God but Allah Allah Prophet Mohammed Islamic State in Iraq and As-Sham (i.e. Syria) Published by: Konrad Adenauer Foundation 2017, Sankt Augustin and Berlin, Germany This publication has been licensed under the terms and conditions of Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 3.0 Germany (CC BY-SA 3.0 DE), website: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/deed.en Design: SWITSCH Kommunikationsdesign, Cologne, Germany Typesetting: Janine Höhle, Communications Department, Konrad Adenauer Foundation Printed by: Bonifatius GmbH, Paderborn, Germany Printed in Germany Printed with financial support from the German Federal Government ISBN 978-3-95721-328-0 CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Legal Framework 2.1 International law 2.2 National law 3. Reduced scope for non-Muslim minorities after 2003 3.1 Drastic decline in the non-Muslim minorities’ share of the population 3.2 Changes in Baghdad’s religious power structure 4. Crucial for the future of Iraq: the recapture of Mosul 4.1 Capture of Mosul by the IS in June 2014 4.2 Capture of Yazidi settlements in Sinjar District by the IS in August 2014 4.3 Capture of Christian settlements in the Nineveh Plains by the IS in August 2014 4.4 Classification of the IS attacks on religious minorities as genocide 4.5 Campaign to retake Mosul 5. -
SENNACHERIB's AQUEDUCT at JERWAN Oi.Uchicago.Edu
oi.uchicago.edu THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PUBLICATIONS JAMES HENRY BREASTED Editor THOMAS GEORGE ALLEN Associate Editor oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu SENNACHERIB'S AQUEDUCT AT JERWAN oi.uchicago.edu THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS CHICAGO, ILLINOIS THE BAKER & TAYLOR COMPANY NEW YORK THE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON THE MARUZEN-KABUSHIKI-KAISHA TOKYO, OSAKA, KYOTO, FUKUOKA, SENDAI THE COMMERCIAL PRESS, LIMITED SHANGHAI oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu 4~ -d~ Royal Air Force Official Crown Copyrighl Reored THE JERWAN AQUEDUCT. AnB VIEW oi.uchicago.edu THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ORIENTAL INSTITUTE PUBLICATIONS VOLUME XXIV SENNACHERIB'S AQUEDUCT AT JERWAN By THORKILD JACOBSEN and SETON LLOYD WITH A PREFACE BY HENRI FRANKFORT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS CHICAGO, ILLINOIS oi.uchicago.edu COPYRIGHT 1035 BY THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. PUBLISHIED MAY 1935 COMPOSED AND PRINTED BY THE UNIVERSITr OF CHICAGO PRE8S CHICAGO,ILLINOIS, U.S.A. oi.uchicago.edu PREFACE It so happens that the first final publication of work undertaken by the Iraq Expedition refers neither to one of the sites for which the Oriental Institute holds a somewhat permanent concession nor to a task carried out by the expedition as a whole. The aqueduct at Jerwan- identified by Dr. Jacobsen at the end of the 1931/32 season-was explored by the two authors of this volume in March and April, 1933, on the strength of a sounding permit of four weeks' validity. Mrs. Rigmor Jacobsen was responsible for the photography. It was only by dint of a sustained and strenuous effort that the excavation was completed within the stipulated period. -
THE KURDISH FRONT No
THE KURDISH FRONT No. 4 / 11 April-17 April 2016 / thekurdishfront.wordpress.com Kurdish Forces and allies Iraqi Government and allies Kurdish and Iraqi Forces ISIS ISIS cells QSD (Syrian Democratic Forces) •Derik ⓳●● •Zakho ⓳ Syrian Government and allies •Qamishlo i a y r s Duhok h k t u r DUHOK o r n d - h •Soran a i v a s a k ● �● Tal-Kaif● ❽ �Bashiqa● j a ● ● ⓱ t ● � ❼ o Tal Afar⓴• Great Zab s MOSUL● Mt. ShingalShingal ❶ a r a ● ●⓮ �●❹ n ❻● ERBIL H ⓯● Nineveh ⓲● b i l •Baaj •Gwer r E r 11 Aprıl Little Zab e ❶ Mosul: ISIS destroyed the Assyrian Mashqi gate (7th Qayyarah ⓭● ● •Makhmur century BC) ARANews - A group of anonymous gunmen ca- A g lling themselves Kata’eb Al-Mosul carried out several covert operations inside the city of Mosul killing 6 IS elements. PUKMedia i SULAIMANI Bashir: Hashd al-Shaabi carried out a serie of attacks Chamchamal• ❷ ● against the IS militants in Basheer village aiming to recap- Sharqat⓬• KIRKUK❾● o ture the village, but the attempts were unsuccessful. 42 PMF fighters were killed and 92 wounded in several ISIS vehicle Kirkuk bomb attacks. BasNews Rudaw PUKMedia - The Bashir libe- S ● i ⓫•Hawija ❿●Taza n ration operations stopped because of the weather conditions Makhoul● n and because of the lack of air cover. More PMF troops arri- � Bashir❷●• a ● a ved from north Salahuddin to participate. AlmadaPress [via Tigris ❸ S u m daeshdaily.com] - 4 members of the Peshmerga injured in ❸ Rashad● Daquq l a i Tel Maghar by a mortar shell. NINANews Al Sumaria l ⓰ ❹ Mosul front: Iraqi air force bombed ISIS gatherings in a Balawat village. -
ASOR Cultural Heritage Initiatives (CHI): Planning for Safeguarding Heritage Sites in Syria and Iraq1
ASOR Cultural Heritage Initiatives (CHI): Planning for Safeguarding Heritage Sites in Syria and Iraq1 NEA-PSHSS-14-001 Weekly Report 117–118 — November 1-15, 2016 Michael D. Danti, Allison Cuneo, Susan Penacho, Marina Gabriel, Kyra Kaercher, Jamie O’Connell, Richard Zettler, Ali Jabuuri Executive Summary During the reporting period, heavy weaponry and bombardment resulted in significant damage to cultural sites in Syria. In Aleppo Governorate, mortar fire from Opposition Forces damaged a mosque in Aleppo and a mortar shell damaged the Maronite Diocese Office in Damascus. Aerial bombardment resulted in damage to places of worship in Rif Dimashq, Aleppo, Hama, and Idlib Governorates. Despite significant losses of territory as Iraqi forces have marched toward Mosul, ISIL continues to engage in the intentional destruction of heritage places, resulting in significant losses. The Latin Church in Mosul, also known colloquially as the Clock Tower Church, was demolished by militants during the reporting period. Additionally, the Ziggurat at the archaeological site of Nimrud, the ancient Assyrian capital of Kalhu, was completely leveled, with destruction beginning at some point between September 31 and October 2, 2016 and continuing until October 16. The liberation of areas east and south of the city by the Mosul Operation has revealed new evidence of damage to cultural sites that occurred earlier during the ISIL occupation of Ninawa Governorate. These regions are home to predominantly Christian populations, and much of the related news media and open source coverage has focused on damaged places of worship and civilian property. Reports so far have covered damage to multiple sites in the towns of Batnaya, Bakhdida (Qaraqosh), Karamlish, and Bartella. -
1. Eine Gruppenverfolgung Von Yeziden Im Distrikt Tilkaif Der Provinz Ninive I. S. D. § 3 Asylg Ist Derzeit Weiterhin Nicht Beachtlich Wahrscheinlich
1. Eine Gruppenverfolgung von Yeziden im Distrikt Tilkaif der Provinz Ninive i. S. d. § 3 AsylG ist derzeit weiterhin nicht beachtlich wahrscheinlich. 2. In dem Distrikt Tilkaif besteht keine außergewöhnliche Situation, die durch einen so hohen Gefahrengrad gekennzeichnet ist, dass praktisch jede Zivilperson allein aufgrund ihrer Anwesenheit in dem betroffenen Gebiet einer ernsthaften individuellen Bedrohung ausgesetzt wäre. 3. Die vom Bundesverwaltungsgericht etablierte und hier geteilte Rechtsprechung zur Zuerkennung subsidiären Schutzes gemäß § 4 Abs. 1 Satz 2 Nr. 3 AsylG nimmt eine allein an Opferzahlen orientierte Lageeinschätzung nicht vor. Vielmehr kommt es auf eine wertende, abschließende Gesamtbetrachtung der Gesamtsituation an (vgl. BVerwG, Urteil vom 20.5.2020 – 1 C 11.19 – juris Rn. 21). 4. Die humanitären Verhältnisse in der Autonomen Region Kurdistan-Irak begründen auch unter Berücksichtigung der Auswirkungen der Corona-Pandemie für yezidische Einzelpersonen oder für yezidische Familien mit minderjährigen Kindern nicht generell einen Anspruch auf Feststellung eines Abschiebungsverbotes gemäß § 60 Abs. 5 AufenthG i. V. m. Art. 3 EMRK. (Amtliche Leitsätze) 9 LB 129/19 Oberverwaltungsgericht Lüneburg Beschluss vom 11.03.2021 T e n o r Auf die Berufung der Beklagten wird das auf die mündliche Verhandlung vom 22. Februar 2018 ergangene Urteil des Verwaltungsgerichts Hannover – Einzelrichter der 6. Kammer – geändert und die Klage abgewiesen. Der Kläger trägt die außergerichtlichen Kosten des gesamten Verfahrens. Gerichtskosten werden nicht erhoben. Der Beschluss ist hinsichtlich der Kosten vorläufig vollstreckbar. Der Kläger kann die Vollstreckung durch Sicherheitsleistung in Höhe von 110 % des aufgrund des Beschlusses vollstreckbaren Betrages abwenden, wenn nicht die Beklagte zuvor Sicherheit in Höhe von 110 % des zu vollstreckenden Betrages leistet. -
Financial Statements with Independent Auditors' Report
JOINT DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATES INTERNATIONAL, INC. Financial Statements With Independent Auditors' Report December 31, 2019 and 2018 JOINT DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATES INTERNATIONAL, INC. Table of Contents Page Independent Auditors' Report 1 Financial Statements Statements of Financial Position 3 Statements of Activities 4 Statement of Functional Expenses–2019 5 Statement of Functional Expenses–2018 6 Statements of Cash Flows 7 Notes to Financial Statements 8 INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT Board of Directors Joint Development Associates International, Inc. Grand Junction, Colorado We have audited the accompanying financial statements of Joint Development Associates International, Inc. which comprise the statements of financial position as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and the related statements of activities, functional expenses, and cash flows for the years then ended, and the related notes to the financial statements. Management's Responsibility for the Financial Statements Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America; this includes the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. Auditors' Responsibility Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free from material misstatement. An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. -
Iraq- Dahuk Governorate, Dahuk District
( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( Iraq- Dahuk Govern( orate, Dahuk District ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( Chalke Derishk Sararu Nurdina ( Pirbla Avlahe Shudin Bayguwah Sharanish ( ( Islam IQ-P09950 IQ-P10175 IQ-P09734 Sindi Sindi IQ-P09741 IQ-P09534 IQ-P09778 Kani Sarke Islam ( IQ-P09565 IQ-P09917 Turkey Nordina IQ-P09780 ( ( ( IQ-P10049 IQ-P09768 Begova Collective ( Sirara IQ-P09733 Bandru Mnin ( ( ( ( Shilan IQ-P09574 Hiroor Breefka IQ!-P10216 IQ-P09545 IQ-P09728 Sarku Ruse Gre Biye ( Mosul ! ( ( ( IQ-P09770 Narmke Baziv Settlement Center Bank Upper ( IQ-P09761 IQ-P09752 IQ-P09644 Narmke Erbil Dargal Bank Lower ( Shileen ( ( ( IQ-P10140 IQ-P10026 IQ-P09912 Qumri Nurdinah IQ-P09548 IQ-P09729 ( ( Syria ( Sarmake Sindava Bosal IQ-P09771 ( ( IQ-P10157 Ruibark(i Dargalke Iran IQ-P09735 IQ-P09547 ( ( ( IQ-P09763 IQ-P09602 IQ-P09586 Cham Kurk Sorya Demka Aqare Sorya IQ-P10169 IQ-P09943 ( ( Shive Bazif Baghdad ( ( ( IQ-P09783 IQ-P09619 Rewan Breefka IQ-P09815 ! IQ-P09589 IQ-P09774 RamBaedqi ulke Alkishk ( ( ( IQ-P09567 IQ-P09747 IQ-P09911( !\ Darkar [2] Darkar Khuk Guli ( ( ( IQ-P09886 Gundik Ayub Buhl Sarke ( ( ( IQ-P09813 IQ-P09610 IQ-P09609 Sindava Dere IQ-P09699 ( Teshish ( ( ( ( ( IQ-P09653 Ava Tuka Chaqala Girka ( J(ordan ! ( ( ( ( ( ( IQ-P09587 IQ-P09623 Beerke Zireza Besile Chameeke Najaf Rihani IQ-P09779 ( ( ( Kania Tuya IQ-P09936 IQ-P10242 Mamisa IQ-P09529 IQ-P09570 IQ-P09806 IQ-P09759 IQ-P09930 IQ-P09983 IQ-P09748 Yusifava ( ( IQ-P09677 ( Khishkhash Jdidke Safarya ( ( ( IQ-P09718 IQ-P09800 IQ-P10077 IQ-P10036 IQ-P10B1a7s2rah! -
The Development of the Assyrian Reliefs
The development of the Assyrian Reliefs Paul Collins (*) Abstract: * British Museum Lead Curator Between the ninth and seventh centuries BC, the kingdom of Assyria in northern Iraq came to dominate the Middle Department Ancient Near East East, its empire at one point extending from Iran to Egypt. The power and wealth of the Assyrian kings is reflected [email protected] in the magnificent carved stone reliefs that once lined the mud brick walls of their royal palaces. The content and style of the carved imagery was transformed as the empire expanded and resulted in some of the finest sculptures from antiquity Resumen: Entre los siglos IX y VIII a.C. el reino de Asiria, situado en la zona septentrional del actual Iraq, llegó a dominar todo el Próximo Oriente y a extender su imperio, en su momento de mayor apogeo, desde Iran hasta Egipto. El poder y la 81 riqueza de los reyes asirios se refleja en los magníficos relieves que en su día cubrieron las paredes de ladrillo de sus MARQ. palacios. Los motivos y el estilo de las representaciones fue variando a medida que el imperio asirio fue expandién- dose, dando así lugar a algunas de las obras escultóricas más destacadas de la antigüedad. ARQUEOLOGÍA The magnificent sculptures displayed in Art and Empire: Treasures from Assyria in the British Museum were carved on huge panels of gypsum and limestone between about 875 and 620 BC. During this period the kingdom of Assyria, located in the fertile valley of the River Tigris in what is now northern Iraq, came to dominate a geographical area that stretched from the eastern Mediterranean to the Persian Gulf. -
Christen Und Jesiden Im Irak: Aktuelle Lage Und Perspektiven Otmar Oehring
OTMAR OEHRING CHRISTEN UND JESIDEN IM IRAK: AKTUELLE LAGE UND PERSPEKTIVEN OTMAR OEHRING CHRISTEN UND JESIDEN IM IRAK: AKTUELLE LAGE UND PERSPEKTIVEN Eine Veröffentlichung der Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.V. Umschlagfoto: © Ibrahim Shaba Lallo, Karakosch (z.Zt. Camp Ashti, Ankawa, Autonome Region Kurdistan) Bildlegende Umschlagfoto Vertikal: wir arbeiten zusammen Horizontal: wir sind stolz Diagonal: wir lieben, wir vergeben .(Nun) stehen für Nasara (Christ) ن Die drei arabischen Buchstaben Auf der schwarzen IS-Flagge ist zu lesen Es gibt keinen Gott außer Allah Allah Prophet Mohammed Der Islamische Staat im Irak und in as-Sham (= Syrien) Herausgeberin: Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung e.V. 2017, Sankt Augustin/Berlin Diese Publikation ist lizenziert unter den Bedingungen von „Creative Commons Namensnennung-Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 3.0 Deutschland”, CC BY-SA 3.0 DE (abrufbar unter: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/de/) Gestaltung: SWITSCH Kommunikationsdesign, Köln. Satz: Janine Höhle, KOM / Konrad-Adenauer-Stiftung. Druck: Bonifatius GmbH, Paderborn. Printed in Germany. Gedruckt mit finanzieller Unterstützung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. ISBN 978-3-95721-328-0 INHALT 7 | 1. Einleitung 9 | 2. Der rechtliche Rahmen 2.1 Völkerrechtliche Bedingungen ............................................................................. 9 2.2 Nationalrechtliche Bedingungen .........................................................................10 13 | 3. Spielräume für nicht-muslimische Minderheiten werden nach 2003 stetig kleiner -
THE ASSUR-NINEVEH-ARBELA TRIANGLE Central Assyria in the Neo-Assyrian Period
HEIDELBERGER STUDIEN ZUM ALTEN ORIENT – BAND 14 BETWEEN THE CULTURES THE CENTRAL TIGRIS REGION FROM THE 3RD TO THE 1ST MILLENNIUM BC Conference at Heidelberg January 22nd – 24th, 2009 edited by PETER A. MIGLUS & SIMONE MÜHL 2011 HEIDELBERGER ORIENTVERLAG THE ASSUR-NINEVEH-ARBELA TRIANGLE Central Assyria in the Neo-Assyrian Period Karen Radner (London)* A recent study by Mark Altaweel on settlement and land use of the area between the Lesser Zab in the south, Eski Mossul in the north, Wadi Tharthar and Jebel Sheikh Ibrahim in the west, and Jebel Qara Chauq and the Khazir River in the east defi ned this region as the Assyrian heartland (Altaweel 2008a, 6). But to any Assyrian of the Middle or Neo-Assyrian period, the traditional homelands of Assyria certainly stretched much further to the east and included the city of Arbela (modern Erbil). In this contribution, I will focus on the roughly triangular area east of the Tigris and north of the Lesser Zab and southwest of the mountain barrier where Taurus and Zagros meet. The area constitutes the core of the lands that were under the continuous rule of the Assyrian kings from the 14th to the 7th century BC (Radner 2006-08, 45-48). Unlike the regions west of the Tigris, this area was unaffected by the loss of territory to the newly forming Aramaean states in the 11th century BC and there was consequently no need for Adad-nerari II (911–891 BC) and his successors to re-establish control, once they undertook to restore Assyria’s old borders. -
M O S U L D a H U K Reported Hazard Area and Type Of
REPORTED HAZARD AREA AND TYPE OF INCIDENTS L E G E N D Sanat Margahe Avaguze E Daily Recorded Incident (iMMAP 4-March-2015) Dashtatakh Derashish Hurke c Sule Ekmala Sole Kukhke ! Bahnuna Sindi Haftanin Mergamir Conflict Location Mergashish Kalok Zawita Dif Av Barzank Kilka Qasrok Ira Birka Confrontation Area (5km Buffer) Bazhawa Marsis Deshesh Sorink Ura Parakh Kurk Kesta Confrontation Area (7 km Buffer) Turkey Dahlik Malik Binekhre Kundok Havshin Dargal Sndava Bazngra Beduhe Rusi Kesta Hiroor Beduhe Confrontation Area (10 km Buffer) Hawrez Jume Bhere Kashan Chalke Nasara Sararu Bavne Betkar Shilan Qumri Dashmasak Jam Bhere Shudin Khishank Adin Maye Nasara Sindi Pirbla Chalke Islam Sirara Kani Sarke Nordina Tilar Derishk Islam Legacy Hazard Area (Source IKMAA) Dahlik Gundik Mnin Sorya Ruse Narmke Dashmasak Mala Bandru Shilan Hiroor Baziv Dargalke Astang Urmana Sarmake Avlahe SoryaDemka Shive Rewan Riwan Teshish Bequlke Number of Daily Incidents Kuzava Karne Barzur Merge Bosal Khuk Guli Alkishk Ravina Mitufa Darjalal Darkar Sindava Dere Zireza Jdidke Rabanka Ava Tuka Darkar Niri Darkar [2] Zireza Bejane Girka Khishkhash Sqria Tula 0 - 330 Merge Kurka Babire Asihe Gri Ava Khraba Chamsayda Ritika Avahe Bejane Zakariya Z a k h o Sarkur Avahe Bilejan Babir Beluizan Karik Avkani Batufa Hizawa Bilejan Baze Miska Khanka 340 - 950 Tuka Dahlik Mglana Dornakh Darhozan Khuk Sindi Warmel Kani Mazn Dargalke Ekmala Kapruk Sarke Barhol Warmel Bituza Tushk Tal Kabar Grk Sindi Lower Hese Chammishko Bahrava Sarke Gri Qasrka Mahmadi Sarsulav Pase 960 - 2,200