New York , Nove Ber 25 1 83 , 7

N E W Y O R K

AN D IT S E N VIRO N S

GU S T AV K O B BE

T HO R O F E R S E Y CO S T A N D P I N E E AU j A S T C .

W IT H M A PS N D ‘ A

N E W Y O R K

E R R K H A R P E R BR O T H S , F A N L I N S QUA R E i h t 1 8 1 H R PE R B R ofH E R s . C opyr g , 9 , by A

r A ll r ig/ate r ese ved.

K ‘T ﬁ T O

E D A R D D . A D A S W M ,

’ I N A S UGGE S T ION F R O M \V H O S E FE R TILE M IND T H E A UT HOR S FI R S T

- IDE B OO H -A D I T S ORI IN GU K G . T R T I N IL LUS A O S .

IB E R TY E NLI HTENIN T H E ORLD . . F n t i s i L G G W ro p ece . E LEV A TED RAILROAD Oppo s i te pag e 37 TRINI TY

WA S HIN G TON E A S T R IV E R B R IDGE .

’ S T P TR I C S C THED L . A K A R A

VAN DERB ILT

O B ELI S K

MENA GE R IE (CEN T R AL

ERR C E ND E S P L N DE CEN TR L P R . T A A A A , ( A A K)

MAP S A N D P LAN S .

In fr o nt N E W YORK C ITY of book .

CEN TRA L PA R K Oppos i t e p a g e 238

N E W YO R K A ND VI C IN I T Y

MAN HA TTA N E LE V A T E D RA I LR OA D MET R O P OLI TAN MUS EUM O F A R T l st N T E N T S C O .

IN T R O DUC T O RY . — — T r h nd S t t i sti s . Hi t r R t T l opog ap y a a c s o y o u es of rave . B I n t i n —S t t C i n s —E l a t d R il ag g ag e spec o . ree ar L e ev e a — — —N e w s a a s — m m d H t l . R nt . A n roa s o e s est a u ra s p p u se e t s . ’ ‘ —1 urkis s t s — n ns — n h a nd R u i n B h Fo ei g Co u l . B ke s — s a a — r s —a r Banks Po st al In format io n Messe ng er S ervi ce E xpress — t — — S t s . L S a moa Teleg h a nd C ble R es . o e a w Co u t rap a — a r r s — ) — t t s a nd S — Ch i t lle e s . Cl . A hl i t n ar ty C g u bs e c por Mo ey . Direct ori e s a nd Rai l way P CHA TE R I .

’ B dlo e s Is land (S tat u e of Liberty) E lli s I sland (Immi g rant Depo t) a nd Governor ’ s I s la nd

CH APTE R II .

' B TTERY T o LL S TREET A WA . ’ — —P n s — B OIﬁ oe . P The Bat tery . arg e ra u ce Tavern ro n — n n — s n t n d u ce E xcha g e . Bowli g Gree Wa hi g o H e a dqua r 1 B dw —T r imt Ch h t ers (No . roa ay) . y u rc

CH A P E R III T .

L L S T R E R 'I‘ W A .

— - — t o k E xol.a n e f S u h - W éa s ur A s s a 0 ﬁi e O S c R y y o . fﬁ oe in ' — s m s B uil(l g s . C u t o Ho u e

CH A P E R IV T .

LL S T R E E T T o CI T Y H LL P R WA A A K .

- n —~ m E q u i table B uildi ng S ig al S ervice . Cha ber of C om m — s t n Un n d n —J o h n S t t o . i B il i er e We er o u g ree M . E . h h —F lt n S t t P t i n —O ld st H i C u rc . u o ree rayer Mee g e o u se n — ’ — t Ofﬁ N ew York S t . Pa u l s Chapel Pos ce

P CHA TE R V .

C ITY HALL PA R K A ND VIC INI TY . — ’ — ’ — n m . t s OIﬁ e Ci H ll . G R R i t y o e o oo e e o . N e w a — v r r s g s r Co u rt Ho u se E ast River Bri dg e .

CHA PTE R VI .

D ET O R S FRO M C I T Y H LL P R U A A K . t — — w s ’ H B h Ch t t . i arper 6; ro ers— erry —S ree Ne boys Lodg ng w om s . House Chi natown Bo ery . Fwe P t 8

CH AP E R I I T V .

CITY H LL P R T o D I S ON S R E A A K MA QUA . — d — Grand S treet . Boar of E d u cat io n P o h s h J e w Q u a r r — d S t — t — te . J P S . t n C l w t il . A i h l li L u o ee u g u e a e . o c e —r a — s p — Headq u art ers Board of Health A s t or Library Cooper — ’ — Uni n Bi l H s . . P E . Ch h Hi i l o b e o u e t Mark s . u rc s tor ca — ‘ — — S t t s . S i t . A . . w G Ch ni n oc e y T e ar race u rch U o S q u are . ’ o n W ome n s Ch i st i n A ss o i t i n —R t i l S h i n g r a c a o . e a opp g ﬁISur i ct

P E CHA T R VIII . FI T H N F A V E UE . — — n t n S N - a hi g o q u e e w Yo k Ho i t l . Twent y thi d W s— ar r sp a r S t t t i n l A d m si n — di n N D S . ree a o a ca e y of e g —Ma so q u are John Jacob A s t on Union Leag u e Cl u b Grand Ce nt ral De — ’ — o m w P . n J a t . E a d s n . p t S t . B r holo e s Ch u rch Mi sio ay G ld —C l m i C ll — P t i ’ C h d l — e S t . s a t a n o u . o u b a o eg a r ck e ra V — ’ m E . d r il H s t . h P Ch h e b t o u se S T o as s . u rc

CH A P E IX T R . — — li m A r I. no x i A m 1 Metrop o tan M u se u of t e L brary . er ca n M u se u m of N at u ral Hi story

P E X CHA T R .

CEN T R A L PA R K .

e - - IVIe n r i ~ F O S t t . a e e De G n l t . b li s . e ra ea ures e k a u es g . t a iled To u r

CHA P E R XI T .

R R E A S T O F CEN T AL PA K . Fi m n s nd thw st C nt l P t a . re De part e t . We Nor e of e ra ark — i h d e — t R i verside Park Grant s Tomb . g Bri g Ba t le of Harlem Hei g h t s

CH A P R XI TE I .

P LI C H I TIE A D C O R R EC T ION UB C A R S N . B — ~— ’ s s nd — d ’s ll H s i t l . Bl w ll I l e ev u e o p a Morg u e . ack e a War — ’ — ’ n s s nd . Island Randall s I sla d . Hart I la

CH A P E R XIII T .

N I R O N s E V .

— — - Long I s land J e : s e y Coast H u ds on Riven Stat en Island P R E FACE .

This aims to be a work worthy of the great c ity to w it It n ot n t n t o u hich is a guide . is i e ded surp the functio n s of a directory ; but to poi nt out a nd describe

N e w Y a nd such featu res of ork City its varied l ife , as a n i ntellige nt a nd cultured stranger might be i nterested in n n n n m n w n seei g , care havi g bee take to discri i ate bet ee what is of i nterest t o N e w Y orkers only a nd what a visitor to w ﬁ nd w n n e m the city ould orthy of atte tio . Th re is uch in N e w Y ork whic h must be familiar to those wh o have lo ng resided in it or have been e nter prisi ng enough to w c a n h no in n y explore it , hich ave place a guide , i f o l because too ma ny details would te n d to co nfuse rather

h n n i n n Y e t t a e l ghte a stra ger . the author believes that many N e w Y orkers who consider themselves familiar with their city ma yﬁ rst lear n from this book what a

w n f a nd a a he li v e in C on really o der ul ttractive pl c e t y . s ide ra ble historical ma t ter di a s bee n i ntroduced in the

n w ma m n the descriptio of hat y, by co pariso , be called — ancie nt part of the ci ty that portio n of i t which l ies — belo w Ca nal street for o nly in this wa ycoul d a n ade quate idea be con veyed of the developemen t o fthe little Dutch trading post of N e w A msterdam to t he stately m N e w W n etropolis of the orld . The stockade erected alo g the presen t l i ne of W all street as a means of de fe nse agai nst Indian attacks ; the skiff which consti t uted the to n t n m w no w n ferry Brookly , star i g fro hat is the cor er

E n a nd t wn of xcha ge place B road s reet , do the ditch which r a n th rough the latter s treet ; cattl e grazing on the commo n past u re where City Hall Park now is ; 10 a nglers casting their li nes in the Fresh W ater Pond or — Collect where the Tombs now stands such historical d w m n ata ill , it is hoped , serve to e phasize the co trast bet wee n the N e w Y ork of to - day a nd the N e w Y ork of the past . The mai n portio n of th e book is arranged in the form

a n n a n Int of iti eracy . This is preceded by roduction ’ givi ng ge neral in formation regardi ng the city s topog r a a nd n phy history ; routes of travel , hotels , restaura ts

a nd a nd m ma shops, postal telegraph facilities si ilar t

n n n e nd o f ters . The i ti eracy begi s at the souther the n in ﬁ t d city . The isla ds the harbor are rs escribed . n t n n n t The , star i g at the Battery , th e stra ger i s c o duc ed u p W hitehall st reet to Bo wli ng Gree n ; from there u p Broadway to Madiso n square a n d then ce up Fifth ave u C n n m d n n e to e tral Park , detours bei g a e to poi ts of n t a nd w m n i erest east est of the ai thoroughfares . T he n M m A r t L n L Metropolita useu of , the e ox ibrary a nd the American Museum of Natural History are the n a nd t on n P w described , a chap er Ce tral ark follo s, the iti neracy co ncludi ng with a descriptio n of those parts of w a nd n A the c ity east , est orth of the Park . chapter is the n devoted to poi n ts of interest in the en virons of N e w

Y t w n a n one ork . The au hor ill co sider it a favor if y dis coveri ng mistakes o f commission or omissio n will cal l n n m his atte tio to the . G A E UST V KOBB . HO T ILL S S R H , S X O NTY N E W S Y E SE C U , J ER E . D IN T R O U C T O R Y .

T O P OGR A P H Y A N D TAT I TI S S CS .

' ‘ l GR APH Y — N e w Y 0PO . C ork ity is situated latitude , ’ ’ 42 40 n h n t d 0 3 w m ort ; lo gi u e , est , at the outh of n i 18 m m A n n the Hudso r ver , iles fro the tla tic ocea , 190 m w n 205 m n iles south est of Bosto , iles ortheast of W n n a nd 7 15 m t It c om ashi gto , iles eas of Chicago . ’ ’ t he I n o f M n n G n prises sla d a hatta , over or s , Bedloe s L a nd E I n in h w ( iberty), llis sla ds the bay , occupied , o b Un S G nm n w ’ ever , ythe ited tates over e t ; Black ell s , ’ ’ W a nd R n l I n i n E a nd ard s a dal s sla ds the ast river , so m m n n n of m w uch of the ai la d orth the Harle river , hich un n Y n w t b y is bo ded orth by the city of o kers , es the a nd n v Its H udson river east by the B ro x ri er . greatest le ngth from the Battery to its most northerly poi nt is 16 m r w dt m m h t he n iles its g eatest i h , fro the out of Bro x t o n l 4 m its 4 1 S the Hudso iver, % iles ; area , % quare miles acres ). T he mos t i mportan t part of the City is the Islan d M n t n 13 m n a nd m w of a hat a , 5 iles lo g iles ide at its w nt n n v m idest poi , at Fourtee th street , bei g ery uch n w l w a nd n a arro e r both be o above this li e , especi lly a t t a nd O ne n a nd S t the Ba tery above H u dred ixtieth stree , where it n arro ws to a stri p be twe e n th e H arlem a nd the n It s 22 m H udso rivers . area i s square iles acres). I s n : S t n D n t bou daries are North , puy e uyvi l creek a d m w n t he Harle river ; est , the Hudso ri ver ; east , the E t N e w Y ast river ; sou h , by ork bay . The h ighest nt 238 w W h n t n poi , feet above tide ater , is at as i g o a nd t m n t n n m n H eights , the ex re e or her poi t i s the ter i a t io n of the bold bluff which rises bet wee n the H udso n H m V o n o f a nd arle rivers . arious secti s the City h ave

n m Y n E - S local a es . orkville begi s at i g hty ixth street on E S a nd n m w h n m the ast ide ru s to Harle , hic exte ds fro about O ne Hu ndred a nd Te nth street n orth a nd north east ofCen tral Park to O ne Hu ndred a nd Fi fty - n i nth t m n n E n stree . e braci g the sectio east of ighth ave ue . l m n Ma nha tta nv ille C a r ma nsv ille a nd W B oo i gdale , ash t n m w W in ton H . i n t n g eights The las a ed , th Fort ashi g o , are on the west side of the u pper part of the Island of 12

M n n e e ma S o m a hatta . (S l arge p of City . ) uch of the o m n n h e nn d Dis Ci t y a”s lies n the ai la d is called t A exe m n t s S wn on trict . Here are , a o g o her localitie , all ho t he ma C M n W t m m n p of the ity , orrisa ia , es Far s , T re o t , d m W illia msb r id e a nd W w n For ha , g oodla . ' — P a p ula tt on a nd S tr u ctur es The t otal number of structures of all ki nds i n N e w Y ork City has bee n e nu m e r a te d at abou t of whic h some are belo w

f - n n n u w in t Fi ty i th street , bei g sed h olly or par w n T l t i n N e w Y t for d elli gs . he popu a o of ork Ci y is a matter of d ispute between t he Federal Ce nsus B u r e a u a nd u t l n s n it a t the C ity a thori ies , the Federa ce su placi g a nd the ce nsus made u nder the supervisio n of t he t ut W n Ci y a horities at he , as is the case w L n n not n w m ith o do , o ly the C ity itself , but hat ight M t n Di t properly be called the e ropolita s rict . the suburbs l n w t w n m of N e w Y yi g ithin a radius of e ty iles ork , is n la t n m r co sidered , the popu io is very uch la ger, probably app roac hing — F ood S upp ly The a nn ual foo d su pply for t his popu l n n m l w atio has bee co puted as fo lo s Beef , lbs M t n a nd L m . ; Veal , lbs ut o a b , 000 bs l . . lbs . ; Pork , Total , lbs b l s . u t Fish , ; Oysters , abo a day n n m S m l s t Ma l st duri g th e seaso , fro epte ber to y ; Poul E t try , lbs . ggs , Bu ter , s da W n S lbs . ; Vegetable , barrels a y. For i es e ommer cia l S ta ti stics w C belo . ’ u duct — N e w Y w C r oton A q e s . ork s ater supply is de

m C r t n w t - S t he n r rived fro the o o a er hed , C roto rive n t m in W e n 4 0 m bei g a s rea estchest r C ou ty , about iles m N e w Y a n m t n n n fro ork d e p yi g i to the Hudso . The v arious lake s a nd streams whic h make up this water - Shed n t n fi are carefully guarded agai s pollutio . The rst n w s in 18 42 Its Croto aqueduct a buil t . capacit y for the 16 n a n da y t he last years has bee g llo s per , w fl w n n m n L t fi ater o i g i to it fro C roto ake , ar i cially m da m a t th e o f t w for ed by a head the aqueduc , hich t n 40 a raised the C ro o river feet . There are also stor ge m n L t he reservoirs . Fro Croto ake old aqueduc t runs t w n t he m i sou h est , crossi g Harle river by H gh Bridge , where there is a reservoir a nd a wat er - to we r fo r s u ppl y ing the upper part of t he c ity ; another to wer bei ng a t 13

- - nt n E v n a n d E . Ni h ave ue , ighty se e th ighty eighth streets m n t in n w The ai reservoirs are hose Ce tral Park , hich n n a nd i n r are respectively a retai i g a rece vi g reservoi , he m m n l n t for er, the ore orther y , havi g a capac ity of n a nd n i 150 gal lo s the receivi g reservo r of , the high - servic e r eservoir a t H igh Bridge hav n not ing a capaci t y of gallo s . The supply n on n m w h provi g adequate , accou t of the re arkable gro t o ft he a n a c t n n ne w c it y, for the co structio of a aque duct a nd the i nciden tal reservoirs a nd d a ms wa s passed in 1883 ne w n in t n n . This aqueduct has bee opera io si ce un 18 90 m t t m o f J e . , although a co ple e sys e reservoirs m not n n t ne w a nd da s has yet bee co s ructed . The aque duc t also taps the Croto n water - shed at a poi nt near the

n t n L a nd n - a t One prese t Cro o ake , ru s to a gate house H undred a nd Thirty - ﬁ fth street a nd Co nvent avenue a nd n s n n n the ce through pipe to various poi ts , i c ludi g in n It n the reservoirs Ce tral Park . is co sidered a great

n n n It wa s n - work of e gi eeri g . co structed horse shoe ‘ S a t a n 170 w hape average depth of feet belo the surface , tu nnel i ng through sol i d rock bei ng re sort ed t o whereve r it wa s nd In n fou practicable . stead of bei g led across t he m o n old u wa s H arle river a bridge , as the aqued ct un 30 w i across High B ridge , it r s 7 feet belo the r ver bed n n the s through solid rock , risi g perpe dicularly to e tab lis he d r m t the ri g ade fro the sou h shore of ver . The fol lo wi ng are some ofthe st a tist ic s of the ne w aqueduct : L n t 33 m of n - e g h , g iles ; heig ht i side horse shoe , a t a s a nd a t t t gre te t h eight, greates bread h to the Harle m ri ver ; be neath the H arlem riVe r a well 101} feet in d m t a i t n C ia e er : cap c y gallo s per day . ost so far about Changes are con templated in the ori g i na l pl a ns for storage reservoirs in the Croto n w t - S n m n n n n t nn a er hed , so that i for atio co cer i g hese ca ot i n no r ca n w yet be g ve , the ful l cost of the ork be esti m nt l n a re ﬁ n ated u i pl—a s ally adopted . S tre et Plow Accordi ng to the last Quarterly R eport of the Depar tme nt of Public W orks t he total le ng t h of paved streets i n N e w Y ork Cit y is miles of w m a nd in se ers , iles ; there are use gas m s 8 8 1 t a nd 13 n m 8 . la p , elec tric l igh s , aphtha la ps m the t n t t n Fro Bat ery to Fourtee th s reet , a dis a ce of 2 m t he l w n % iles , streets are irregularly aid out , follo i g , 14

s l i n l w t t n l n e pecia l y the o er part of his sec io , the i es of A t n i old thoroughfares . bove Four ee th street the c ty i s l n n —1 to 12 a nd A C D t aid out i to ave ues , , B , , eas of t n w n i n n Firs ave ue , here the broade g of th e city eces s ita te s ; wi t h Lexi ngton a nd M a di son avenues above

w n - a n d k n t T e ty third street , Par ave ue buil over Fourt h ave nue from Th irty - fourth street to Forty

n t n h - n n n seco d s reet , the Fourth ave ue orse cars ru i g u n n n l t n n t n der it through a t u e , Four h ave ue co i u in n G n nt a D t S o mu g agai above the ra d Ce r l epo . ch the on t he m n n not w of c ity as lies ai la d is , ho ever , r e g u la r ilyl aid ou t as yet ; nor in the north west a nd ex treme northerly p a rt of the Island is the division of avenues a nd streets ch a ract eristic of t he street plan from

n - n nt out III Fourtee th to Fifty i h street exactlyc arried . t his regular street plan the avenues a r e mostly 100 fee t a nd the t 60 w W i t n ofim stree s feet ide , th the excep io port a nt i nt w n - t d thoroughfares l ke Fourtee h , T e ty hir , Thirty

t - n Fi - v n a nd in fourth , For y seco d , fty se e th , other streets u t w 1o 0 w the pper par of the city , hich are feet ide . twe n t bloc ks o m T n m r un There are y t a ile . h e house u bers m n a nd w odd n m n fro Fifth ave ue east est , the u bers bei g on n n m on S of the upper side , the eve u bers th e south ide th e t a nd t on the w t a nd stree s , respec ively es east sides of n n m so the ave ues . The street u bers are di vided as to 100 t o m 1 t o 100 w t or n n gi ve a block , fro es east bei g fou d on fi w i t nu a nd so o n the rst block est or east of F f h ave e , . r w w w nt ma n B oad ay, hich belo Fourtee h street is the i ’ t of t mm n 8 0 ar ery the ci y s co erce , i s o ly feet broad . Begi nning at Bo wli ng Green it runs in a straight l i n e to nt w r fl w w a n d Te h street , he e it de ects to ards the est co nti nues on the li ne of the old Bloomi ngdale road to a poi n t at Fift y- n i n th st reet between S eventh a nd E ighth n d w n n B w ave ues . The Boulevar , hich co ti ues road ay to I nw n e nd t he I n 150 w a nd ood , ear the of sla d , is feet ide i s w l a - t S t a el l id out horoughfare , as is also . Nicholas n w C nt S n a nd ave ue , hic h leaves e ral Park at ixth ave u e One H undred a n d Tenth street a nd ru ns t o One Hu ndred a nd - fi fth t w n it n Fifty stree . at hich poi t joi s the old W in m n . Ki gsbridge road all street , so e respect s the most importan t street in the United S tates bei ng the fi n n n t of w c fi on a cial ce re the hole country, is a narrow a t n m n less ha half a ile lo g . 15 — P oli ti ca l Divi si ons The City is divided into twenty

— - - four W ards the T wen ty third a nd T wen ty fourth bei ng — on the mai nland but for purposes of represe ntat ion in n t S n a nd th e S t A m Co gress , the S ate e ate ta e sse bly is e n n n S n a nd A m also divid d i to Co gressio al , e atorial sse bly n in t n d districts . These larger divisio s are ur subdivi ed i nto e lection —districts . C omme r ce N e w Y ork is the most i mportan t port of th e s a bout 65 n h Un Sta t e . t e n n com ited , per ce t of e tire foreig m n n on it A s erce of this cou try bei g carried through . a port of e ntry it embraces al l t he town s a nd cities a nd m n on N e w Y d other settle e ts ork Bay, the Hu son a nd E n n im n ast ri vers , i cludi g the porta t cities of B rook l n a n d S m n n y Jersey City . o e i teresti g statistics of the ’ City s e ntries a nd clearances of vessels wil l be found n S TOM O S t mm u der C U H U E . O her co ercial statistics ob ta ined from the C hamber of Commerce a nd sho wi ng the relative commercial i mportance of N e w Y ork a nd o f Un S t w the rest the ited ta es , are as follo s : The n mm of t he Un S 188 9 total fo reig co erce ited tates for , t t i i wa s w la est sta stics access ble , of hich

N e w Y . S a nd m fell to ork ugar olasses , N e w Y ork the rest of t he United S tate s n m C N e w o l y about ore . offee , Y ork t h e rest of the United S tates o nly about N e w Y al l told . Tea , ork the fl ’ rest of the United S ta t e s b nlya bou t all W N e w Y told . ool , ork as agai nst about S N e w Y ilk , ork as agai nst m n N e w Y about Cha pag e , ork n t S W n in as agai st abou till i es casks , as against about fi v e - eighths of a mill io n ; in t N e w Y a n bot les , ork as gai st about A 75 n of mmi i n in Un bout per ce t , the i grat o to the ited t N e w Y S tates passes h—rough ork . W a ter F r ont The Island of Man hattan alo ne has 3 ' 24 m w n 2 m of which on 54 iles of ater fro t , all but % iles , m R a for a nd th e Harle iver is avail ble deep sea vessels , a S n now in of n t n hip ca al , course co struc io by the Un ited S t G nm n w m m ta es over e t , ill ake the Harle R iver front u il ff i n L eq all y ava able , besides a ord g a route fro m ong Island Sou nd i ndependent of the passage through Hell G At n m h n is ate . prese t ost of the s ippi g accommodated 16 below Fou rtee nth street on the North R iver a nd on the R i w n t m t he t E ast ve r belo Gra d s reet . Fro Bat ery to t nt th t m t S hese poi s ere is a perfect fores of as s . hips of n t n m n m m n m n m all a io s , a o g the a y stea ers bei g oored A m m n t a nd n n of N e w here . great i prove e exte sio ’ Y w n in nt m n nt ork s ater fro t is co e platio , but at prese th is i mportant feature of the city is picturesque c hiefl y u h its t n n a nd it s t thro g dir y surrou di gs irregulari y . The large ma p o fthe ci t y in the f ro nt of th e book sho ws i a nd ms i n t the var ous ferries stea h p li es . The Ba tery is fl o m o f give n up chie y t ferries . Fro here the tour the R i a n t t C oe ntie s E ast ver l ies lo g S outh s ree . To slip n w m i n C oe ntie s the piers are li ed ith s all sail g vessels ,

S l n n a n - a nd n ip bei g the ce ter for c al boats ; beyo d , t w n W a nd n a nd be ee all Fulto street ferries , are large m S n m n of m t a nd s all a ili g vessels , a y th e frui erers , sev m h n n n M t eral stea s ip li es . The piers ear Fulto arke derive a local col or from the ﬁ shi ng smacks t hat cl uster near the wholesale ﬁ sh - marke t u nder t he shado w of the E R A b n t t great ast iver Bridge . ove Catheri e s ree are a nd n n n m the dry docks, beyo d these iro fou dries , lu ber

- w r n a nd . A t h B a t yards gas o ks Pier , to the or h of t e t e r D m n o f y, is used as headquarters for the epart e t a n fOr R i 1 I n Docks d the iver Police . P er is the ro ’ t m m n A t n a nd S ea boat Co pa y s pier . Fulto Vesey W i n t n M a nd in n t streets is ash g o arket , its vici i y the

t - t n i th e t grea produce dis ributi g d strict of c i y , the piers here bei ng used for ferries a nd fo r v arious vessels tribu i u ne At W r n a nd M tary to th s b si ss . a re urray streets h t n t n a n are t e grea Bosto boa s , the Provide ce d Fall

R n a nd m w n - iver li es , fro h ere to T e ty third street a suc n n a nd m t t m m n cessio of foreig do es ic s ea ship co pa ies . The great E uro pean steamships ha v e piers in the n eigh bor hood t a nd t h of C hristopher stree , j us above t is is the

ﬂ i n t - m m t o . oat g oys er arke , a—series of ored barges Appr oa ches byWo ta n The approaches to N e w Y ork m A nt n a r e m t b t fro the tla ic ocea os eautiful . The ligh house on Fire Island beach on the Lo ng Isla nd co a st i s usually the ﬁ rst poi nt S ighted by i nco mi ng E uropea n m s n vessels . Fro here ve sels are sig aled by telegraph N e w Y i t m t n i to ork C y . The os c o spicuous p c ture o n the J t w h n t w m ersey coas , hic soo af er ards loo s up . h wi n on i n n a are t e t lights the H ghla ds of Navesi k , b ck 17

m in n n of S andy Hook beach . The stea ers e teri g the Lo wer bay ap proach so near S andy Hook t h at the de tails —a w nd n d a nd o f its shore aste of sa , stu ted ce ars scrub w th t - a nd t wo n e oak , i a l igh house beaco s , a t l egraph m w i n d a n nfi n t ower fro h ch vessels are also sig alle , u ished a nd ra of the Un S t fort , various appa tus ited ta es Ord — n n di n b . w n S nd a ce Corps are scer i le Bet ee a y Hook , of n d n n a nd m n n which is part a sa y pe i sula the ai la d , k t he n t h a nd n w is S a ndy Hoo bay . To or orth est is I n t w n it s t S a nd t he N e w S tat en sla d . Be ee sou h hore R t n n w the R a t n Jersey shore is ari a bay , i to hich ri a river m a nd o n the w t S t t n I n a e pties , es a e sla d is sep rated m N e w J th e n w S n I n S n fro ersey by arr—o tate sla d ou d , which joi ns the K i ll v o n K ri l l th e latt er separa ti ng t he Isla nd on the north from t he mai nland a nd e nteri ng S of w n w N e w Y ork bay . The broad heet ater lyi g bet ee n S andy Hook a nd the Narro ws is k nown as Lo wer N e w w R t n ba y a nd S n Y ork bay , of hic h ari a a dy H ook bay A m ma n . S n on ybe co sidered parts cross fro a dy Hook , n I n n I n a nd R w the Lo g sla d shore , are Co ey sla d ocka ay t he ni w n m ca r a va nsa Beach , for e r ith its u erous large i its b a nd w n nt w t o r es , O servatory h uge oode elepha , hile n S n I n a nd L n I a n S th e orth the tate sla d o g sl d hores , a n t r m N w t w pproachi g each o he , for the arro s , the ga e ay — nt N e w Y t he m n - d s d i o ork bay al ost la d locke , eclu ed , a of N e w Y fi ti n n ye t vast h rbor ork . The rst sta o u der t he j urisdictio n of the Co mmis s io ners of Qu ara nt i ne S I lli / i ois n m Ma l st t o m is the hi p , a chored fro y Nove ber m l w S w n n I n m t 1st a . , three i es belo i bur e sl d Fro his n m n t ship all vessels arrivi g fro i fected por s are boarded . Three mi les above t his are S wi n burn e a nd Hoffman I n a fi m d n a nd r s la ds , rti cially a e u po a reef , especti vely seven a nd eight miles sou th of N e w Y ork City ; the hospital for cont agious diseases bei ng loc ate d on rn I l nd a nd r for w n m Swi nbu e s a , quarte s ell perso s fro on f m n I n m i nfected vessels Ho f a sla d . Vessels fro non- n t m C t n S n i fected por s are boarded fro lif o , tate I n n w w sla d , j ust i side the Narro s , here also the Custom House Inspector usually boards vessels from n On t he S n I n S N a r foreig ports . tate sla d hore of the w W w o n t he L n I n s ro s is Fort ads orth ; o g sla d hore . n off: the Fort Hamilto ; a l ittle the shore , c ircular Fort t in 18 12 w d n i W a r Lafaye te , built , here uri g the Civ l 18

w m n d n u political suspects ere i priso e . O ce th ro gh the w N e w Y t —t o Narro s . ork City lies straigh ahead the right r n S t n I l n a nd t he B ookly , to the left ate s a d , further up S harbor Bergen Neck a nd Jersey City . The tat u e of ’ L on I n a nd E R iberty Bedloe s sla d (p . the ast iver Bridge become n ext to th e c i ty the most c on ’ s ic uous in the w G n I n w p features vie . over or s sla d , ith its picturesque fortifi cation s lies but a thousand yards south the nm n the I n of Battery , the souther ost poi t of sla d of M n n a n d E I n w i s fi nn l a hatta , llis sla d , here the of cial fu e t hrough whic h three - fourt hs of the immigration pours ’ i nto the Un ited States l ies between B edloe s Island a nd J r At w the e sey shore . the Battery the harbor s eeps arou nd on the eas t i nto the E a st river (the local name L n I n S n a nd on w n for o g sla d ou d), the est i to th e Hud son w m n n . , to hich th e local a e of North river is give Th e great E uropean steamshi p li nes have their piers on t he E n n on N e w Y k S North river , the glish li es the or ide , G m n D a nd n on N e w S the er a , utch Belgia the Jersey ide , the North German Lloyd (Bremen) a nd Hamburgh piers n n E a n w n N e w bei g at Hoboke . The st river ru s bet ee Y a n d n n n o ut w n ork City B rookly , broade i g after s eepi g to the east from the Island of Man hattan i nto the bean t u n L n I n S n 110 m n a nd if l expa se of o g sla d ou d , iles l o g f m t w n m w w L n I n on ro hree to t e ty iles ide , ith o g sla d the a nd N e w Y a nd nn on w On east ork Co ecticut the est . ' T hr o s w n m m a nd g g Neck , about t e ty iles fro the Battery , ’ on W i n on O fi n llet s Poi t , the pposite shore , are forti catio s , t o n t he m n S l On E a hose for er bei g Fort chuy er . the st ’ ' ’ w W a nd R n I n river are Black ell s , ard s a dall s sla ds , which are described u nder Publi c Charities a nd Cor re c t n io . H ell Ga te in n w n in E a lies the arro be d the st ri ver , ’ n w I nd w n A a nd j ust orth of Black ell s sla , bet ee storia ’ W I n ti n wa s m n ard s sla d . Naviga o of it ade da gerous not only by the sharp a nd narro w tur n of the river a nd n d o f the resulti g rush o f ti e , but also by a ledge rocks proj ecting from th e Long Island shore for a considerable distance a nd risi ng at vario u s intervals al most to the n n m n n a nd surface, causi g u erous da gero u s curre ts m 18 70 18 76 nd Un S t eddies . Fro to , u er the ited ta es G nm n w n i O Ge n. over e t , Ne to directed a ser es of pera tionS n n a nd n t m , drilli g the pri cipal rocks chargi g he

20 buildi ng of the fi rst Tri nity Church in 1702 a t m in 1735 t he Z n i w s fa al epide ic : , e ger tr al , hich e tab lishe d d m in A m Z n in the free o of the press e rica , e ger N ew Y ur /c Wee kl Jo ur n a l a i n Gov his y , h v g opposed . ’ m a nd Cosby s cl ai to half the salary of h is predecessor , s n n m n fo r b e v e nt u . havi g bee therefor i pri o ed l i el , but o n i n 174 1 t he n ally acquitted a trial by jury; , egro pl ot , i nformatio n o n the part of a n egress leadi ng to t he n n m a nd n n o f n who w ha gi g of so e bur i g other egroes , ere supposed to be in a co nspiracy to attack the whites a nd t m i t sack the c i y , al though there see s but l t le doubt that ’ t h m n wa s e r rrre d a n e girl s t est i o y p j . The dissatisf ctio which led to the R evolu tio n a nd the fi nal separatio n of t he co lo nies fro m Great B ritai n fi rst ve nted i t self i n N e w Y r in 1765 n o f d m n n n o k , a co gress elegates fro i e colo ies m n a nd d t n i l w i eeti g here a op i g a b l of rights , h ch asserted t he w o f ti n in the n sol e po er taxa o to be vested colo ies . The So ns o fLiberty were organized to oppose t he S tamp A c t a nd in 1770 m t n o f i n , a ee i g cit ze s resol ved to s m n i A m oppo e all oppressive eas u res . The C olo al sse bly m n t A ril 3 1775 d g t t he n n n ter i a ed p , , ele a es to Co ti e tal n s n y 25 i h of a nd the Co gre s bei g elected Jul that year ,

w nt - one o f nn n a ll h w m n d on t e y pieces ca o , t at ere ou te the w m d A t i t . L n I l nd c ty for s , ere re ove f e r the battle of o g s a , S t m 15 1776 r i t s d t o M n n ep e ber , , the B i h crosse a hatta Is n a nd ft W a s i n n wi h wn r m la d , a er h gto had t dra f o Il a r le m H eigh t s t he ci ty r e mai ned in t he possessio n of the t s nt t he wa r fi n Bri i h u il close of the . the al evacua n m 25 1 3 D n t i n t 76 . o aki g place Nove be r , uri g the R n w t wo d t fi in fi evolutio there ere isas rous res , the rst w S t m 2 1 1776 i n t w of hich , ep e ber , , Tr i y Ch u rch a s r] h i ha d t he destroye . T e Brit sh used al l churches ex c e tin the E n di n - a nd p g piscopal fo r priso s , ri g schools n t m n in t t ill barracks , leavi g he early destroyed or a s a e a t a nd wr t dap ed for religious uses , had o u g h t o her depre i r s t u n D a nd E n n da t o r . Bo h der the utch glish colo ial n t he n nm g over ors city had bee the seat of gover ent . F m 178 5 1790 wa s nm nt ro to , i t th e seat of gover e of Un t S t \ s n n n i n t A the i ed ates , Va hi gto bei g a u gura ed pril 3 l 178 9 a nd m 178 1 to 179 7 wa s t he S , fro it tate c apital . In 1788 th e R o ne the s d n Hospital iot , caused by o f t u e ts n h N e w Y Il os it a l who wa s O n i t e ork p (p. perati g i n t he d t n - m w n a n a r m m issec i g roo , avi g fro the c adaver 21 a t so me boys who peeped in at himthrough the win w In do m ob n a nd n n . , a gatheri g attacki g the b u ildi g 179 1 1795 a nd 1798 i wa s v w , , the c ty isi ted by yello D n n l n t e . fever . uri g th e last years of the ast ce tu ry the c ity began to exten d a li ttle beyo nd the pre s e nt Ci ty

a n - n of t wa s d H ll Park . The cor er sto e the Ci y Hall lai ' in 1 03 t he r i n fi n in 1 12 t 8 8 . , st ucture be g ished Th e ci y s gro wth from t he begi nn i ng of the ce ntu ry has bee n ver y T a id 18 05 t n n a nd p . By it had ex e ded beyo d the Collect M t t he n m a nd arsh , respec i vely at the site of prese t To bs the l ine of Ca nal street ; the Collect bei ng fi lled in at this m a nd n t t l w ti e Ca al s ree aid out . There ere disastrous fi i n 18 04 a nd in 18 11 t res , . By this latter year the ci y had gro wn to suc h proportio ns that a c ommissio n wa s a ppo rrrte d t o su rvey a nd l a yout th e island north of t n t t w w wa s m in 1821 A Hous o s ree , a ork hic h co pleted . further expa ns io n wa s caused by th e yellow fever epi m 18 19 1822 a nd 1823 w l de ie s of . , hich drove peop e to t he t n a s wa s n l nt up per par o f the isla d . G ge era ly i ro duc e d i n 18 25 a nd in m m t n , this sa e year the co ple io of ’ E n m w the rie Ca al further sti ulated the city s gro th . The m R a wa s n i n 1 3 1 N ot wit h Harle ailro d i corporated 8 . nd n chole r a m o f 18 32 a nd 18 34 sta i g the epide ics , the a fi re o f D m 16 18 35— W d e 6 48 g re t ece ber , h ic h estroy d of t he fi n mm t in t he o f est c o ercial s ructure s city , east o w w W l l t — a nd the t fi n n Br ad ay , belo a s reet grea a cial n 183 the n e o s 7 t n t . pa ic o f , ci y co ti u d progres The fi s C n A w n 1 4 J l a s t i 8 2 . 19 r t roto queduct bu il u y , 1845 wa s n fi re w , there a other great , hich destroyed wo rt h of pro perty in the distric t bou nded by w E n a nd S n Broad ay , xcha g e place , B road to e streets . ' A la ce w w O u t of ri v a r The stor p riots , hic h gre the y w n Ma d a nd the t r' in bet ee c rea y Forrest , ac o s , occurred Ma 18 49 a nd in e l A y, , resulted the loss of sev ra l ives . c holera epidemic i n t he su mmer of 18 49 c arried off over

s n 14 1 53 a n n t i i . 8 n per o s July , , i dus rial exh b tio wa s n in the ﬁ ne l n in ope ed C rystal Palace . a bui di g the m of G I w in 1 . t a s n 5 M n for a reek c ross bur ed 8 8 . ea whi t ha d n n t m in 18 55 le here bee a o her c holera epide ic . I n 1857 M t n P i wa s t a nd the etropoli a ol ce es ablished , the resist a nc e t o the act o f the Legislature by Fer nando W t n M in wh n w n ood , he ayor , resulted at are k o as t he R t D n t he W a r e w Police io s . uri g Civil , N Y ork fur 22

h me n t he m 13 ished to Federal ar ies . July , 1 63 m m w N e w 8 , the ost serious riot fro hich Y ork has in n t ever suffered broke out oppositio to the draf . the mob n n t t holdi g possessio of the ci y for hree days , the n fi n on 17th w riot bei g ally quelled the . There ere sev n w n a nd a nd it eral coll isio s bet ee the rioters the troops , m a n w m n is esti ated th t over perso s ere killed , a o g ’ m n a n w m t he m the seve ral egroes , gai st ho ob s fury J 1 1 1 6 m t . 2 8 7 2 n see ed especially direc ed uly , . perso s were killed in a riot which grew out of a processio n of e rne n in n t of n Ora ng celebratio of the Bat le the Boy e . n n n d w Trouble havi g bee apprehe ded , the para ers ere w m t w wa s m provided ith a ilitia escor , hich co pelled to who h In 1 1 fi re n t e n. 8 7 upo those attacked processio , it wa s d n n wn a s t he w n iscovered that a ri g , k o T eed ri g , a nd co nsisti ng of several of the most promi ne n t offi ci a ls ha d n n t he a nd i n t he of the city , bee robbi g treasury , n n in m t he n n n e nsui g elec tio Nove ber , oppo e ts of the ri g w a nd of n W m M ere elected , the leader the ri g , illia . a nd r n w n T weed , seve al of the co spirators ere co victed m s n w n in n A nd . n a i pri o ed , T eed dyi g priso portio of W e stclre s te r n wa s nn in 18 73 a nd a cou ty a exed , a gre t sti mulus to the gro wth of th e city h a s bee n give n by r il fi w wa s u i t he elevated a roads , the rst of hich b ilt n

1868 . 23

d . m . m me 0 . i 0 o Z £ . o . A 3 . m 4 w s Q . S w . c m S S S . . $ 5 9 . z fi o . . a m 8 . o fi M w 3 E o s m e m 9 E o 3 w o O s m 5 u 2 6 a S c O m2 m S z 2 e u s L E 5 z o a 8 s a 5 fi o O 0 m o . e o . a w o o . d o S a . a R 9 fl 2 p t Q 5 . a e mz 5 R s H a g mt o 0 M e 8 w E E 9 s 2 E o o . o o . fi . 2 S 8 . s s m . o E E ? ? z 5 mmb m m m2 mz Z mo O mO m Z

. . . m a E p S a S s u . z p E m a m m E m . e a 3 $ E 3 a o n m $ 3 a 3 g g m9 m o 9 . g s a a S 2 S G S 1 s 2 8 S . g E c c R . e b 2 5 e 3 c s s : e p 5 a e a e e S 5 E c m w mt o e a D o 5 8 E . s w o E 3 5 H g gE o a E k E a 0 a o 5 z 5 z p 8 b 8 m s a 6 mm E s S 3 mm p 3 a m ? ? ? m ? a 3 2. s m m m 5 m o 5 m . . . . a a . m 3 c SE k ma m. m? S w o o m m mz c o “. o B s e m E m w w r . s ? 0 a 0 0 2 m o 3 m m e E g . m n E fi S. a. 0 w 0 z a . 0 m . o z s . o 2 n 0 2 t . . o R m N. 0 s o o a m m 0 o 0 e s Q 0 o t m o G é w 8 0 0 . . . 8 a B o D 0 : 3 m w o . O o s . w w a H a o m Q a S Q . t Q e u o a Q E a Q fl . e s a n w s v fi E £ o e H w S . a a w o m 2 9 o . . 0 z 9 a S e 9 R o n O e E a g o o o W fl z 3 S s n S a o a e 2 3 2 —n 2 e 3 p p £ 8 a e a E f a s e Q Q E 2 m o S 6 t p 8 m m o r m ma i m . O o u 5 m 8 0 2 g a s o a s 2 s S o s e o 3 r s H fl 0 O 0 s 5 mmm 5 e £ 3 5 2 £ o o o . . . o O 5 8 . . o n 0 S . . 0 fi Q 0 f fi 3 S O o 3 m p m E a 3 8 mmn s E 5 S fi 5 m E . 5 fi . 8 . 9 8 S . a . 5 . c o . . w . o m5 E m G5 m0 E 0 3 o m h B 5 o md . 0 . m6 é m

. . . . . z . . S p 5 0 M u p z R mc $ 3 m 3 o o s w . 5 S fi o o s $ m A m o e e p E V . . o 9 3 A b Z 2 e e 9 2 fi z . Z s b o o —h Z b Z t b . fi m m s 5 o o o o E mE o a mm 58 $ u m a s 0 m o o é p “ d £ w . mm R m o s 5 “ m a m w o 0 5 8 5 2 r e £ S m r . e e e o a fl 3 a $ ” a fi h R P u a 2 a . m a m mfi mmfi ; b m m 3 . 5 w 5 o m m . . . w . s E t w a . 3 . . ma M s 8 e E 5 fi m m m fl e e S 9 -A 9 o s a E . c . v m S m fi 2 o a S s a . p E p p o i 5 m a w o m . . w 3 £ m H s 5 i n s B e S f o o o B 8 5 d 3 3 e S 0 s O o ) 3 mo g o c E m5 w E ? mE ? E : : x w g n E m5 mh U m5 5 ? . E

s o s b e . a A . S S S S w 2 S E a S . 3 s s R a s E S m 8 2 o S . e S . M s N v a r 3 w S 0 t o 8 S s 3 x O . ? N S m 8 e fi w . . S $ . 3 4 mS e w . . L w . R E 5 a o 2 a m c x 5 z . . . c o s S 3 . E e o a S S o fi o a . a a s E fi 4 . E m e . m U o o s e S s Q o e a Sfi g e p c z m . J m G v s . g z aa w . o g o o z E o S o o 4 o m w o c E s s z £ z 5 O z o A a a m D c Z g M a v 6 s E z M o o a a fi ME a f p p fi 5 m o o E a g n S m D p w o s 3 fi fl 5 R e e o o 5 f 2 p E p s s Q o o s o O w QA fi a m A w w s 4 M mmmmm fi mmm mm O 5 o o o Q m mm m g 24

. . 4 . o Q . W . m 3 . . 1 1 . . . w a . m ~m A 0 2 5 2 5 ﬂ Q 5 Q 9 0 0 0 Z 0 9 0 0 0 E 0 d Q —0 . . 0 W 2 2 . p N 0 3 0 5 0 8 E Nc 0 Q 2 0 W Q 0 0 5 0 5 E : 5 0 . 0 2 . 0 3 2 3 8 0 . . . ~. 2 2 2 3 5 5 0 Z O 4 0 4 5 3 E 2 2 E 0 0 Z 2 0 w . . S a 5 0 0 0 a 0 E m$ 0 s 0 0 0 5 m £ 0 0 3 0 k 2 5 3 0 m a / 0 0 2 8 5 W0 . 5 0 0 w 0 5 0 0 0 0 3 0 3 0. m 5 m 0 0 m u 5 0 8 5 0 6 3 0 . . 9 0 0 5 0 8 2 c 5 . 6 0 0 0 m0 0 0 8 0 5 0 5 8 8 5 0 z 5 5 0 a. 0 5 5 5 m 0 0 > c 0 0 3 0 m > 5 a 2 0 m 0 8 2 0 3 0 . $ 1 0 « B m w m 5 c 0 3 5 5 5 0 5 0 0 0 8 r 3 Z 5 m 5 5 0 5 5 E . m 0 0 0 0 o m 0 0 M m m 3 m 5 “ 5 o 5 t 0 m o : n m 0 z 0 : N. o 0 . 5 N. o u mo . 2 u Q 0 0 o 3 0 t 7 Q 0 w 0 z 0 m 0 r 0 o 5 Q Q f 0 0 0 Q 0 0 0 Q Q 0 Q 0Q o 0 w $ Q 0 0 Q e . 9 5 0 0 Q 5 0 Q Q 2 Q Q c m $ 5 0 r 1 E 0 2 Q 5 2 5 m Q 0 o 5 0 o . Q a 0 0 6 z Q h 0 2 c 5 5 0 0 2 t 5 a c f 0 3 0 5 2 2 0 0 0 m o 5 ~. 5 g 5 £ z 0 0 ? , . 0 5 2 5 0 m5 0 5 0 . . . 8 . . . 0 0 0 . 0 0 . m0 m 2 0 9 5 8 m E 5 : m 0 5 B5 3 5 9 8 . 5 5 2 . . 0 . . 0 . A 2 . 9 . O A 0 5 5 B w 0 3 w 5 ma 0 4 5 . h , h

m 0 . 0 0 0 8 1 . 5 5 . 0 5 ~. é 0 5 . 5 7 m m 0 . 0 5 . S o b 2 2 5 Z 2 . 0 9 3 . 0 Z . Z o 5 5 . 0 . Z 0 fn E 0 0 5 z 5 5 . z 0 5 r . m Z 5 0 0 g 0 0 a 9 2 2 a 0 $ a m 0 0 w 0 r z 0 n 0 0 0 2 m 5 0 u m 2 0 0 0 5 0 0 5 5 m 0 E 0 5 5 0 r 3 0 s 0 3 0 . 0 5 . m0 0 a s 0 0 e 0 8 0 0 ? 0 w S 0 5 w 0 0 5 0 E o 2 z 0 m n 0 0 a 0 : 0 5 0 - M 9 2 0 0 o 7 2 s 0 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 $ o 0 5 5 0 . o 3 0 5 0 5 5 5 3 z . 5 ? 2 5 m g 0 0 5 : n 5 ? + +

m w m 0 a . 0 0 . . 3 m 0 « 0 c 0 s r $ 0 6 a fi S E : mmh r 0 u fi 3 8 Q m . 0 z O m0 8 0 d 0 3 n 0 o m“ 0 w fl 9 9 0 d 0 w m 5 u S 5 a c G . 0 m 0 c 0 h a f 0 m a 0 5 $ m —P -i r fi -d g a 5 fi a b c z 0 —5 0 0 . f 2 5 h U £ z 6 m 0 o 0 0 z G8 W 2 S g u G 5 0 o 5 £ m 3 m w 5 9 o C 0 8 x u u c U 9 5 5 3 2 8 0 0 0 0 o c g fi c 3 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 fi 3 2 o o v fl i : 2 q H 2 t wM fi g 5 4 2 5 2 2 25

. . . 0 m0 m

. . . . 0 0 0 Z Z Z 0 0 . 0 0 Z 0 . 0 . 0 m w . Q Q Q

. 5 w . 0 . 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 . 0 w 0 . 0 . 2 8 w 8 . 8 5 . 2 2 0 0 0 5 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 ﬁ Q Z 0 Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . . 0 . 0 0 2 0 0 a 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 WmW0 0 w 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0. w 0. 0 w 0 . 0 9 . 0 . . . 0 0 . . 0 . . 0 . o 3 0 0 5 0 Z 0 2 0 0 Z Z 2 Z 0 3 2 0 0 o Z 5 0 0 0 0 2 0

. . ”. 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 1 h 0 0 0 . 0 0 . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 o 3 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 3 0 0 5 0 3 S S 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Z 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 > 5 5 0 0 0 0 m. 0 0 0 0 0 : : : 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 O 5 c 0 0 2 w 0 0 3 0 2 0 0 . 0 O 0 0 0 3 . m 3 . 5 n Z 0 M 0 0 0 — . 0 0 5 0 2 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 0 m 0 0 0 0 0 m 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 m m § . 0 mu 0 0 0 0 . 0 . . . 0 0 0 0 . . £ . u 0 . . 0 0 0 . Q m . w w 0 0 0 a ” m0 Q 0 0 Q 0 . w 0 0 . 0 Q . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Q 8 0 w 0 0 5 w 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Q . 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Q . . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 Q Q Q 0 w 0 Q Q 0 0 Q 0 0 . 0 0 4 0 Q 3 2 0 0 0 3 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 $ 5 0 0 0 5 0 . 0 0 3 0 0 . 0 Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 5 0 0 . Q 0 9 a 0 m 5 0 0 0 8 0 5 3 0 0 8 8 0 0 2 3 E 0 0 3 0 m 0 0 8 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 > 0 0 5 0 0 0 a 0 0 0 4 ) 0 . . 0 . 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 . 0 . 0 0 0 0 ? . Q . 0 0 2 2 2 m 0 0 m 2 5 E 5 0 0 0 m0 m 5 E 0 0 0 0 2 . . 0 . . . . 0 0 . 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 5 0 0 0 4 0 0 l 10 0 0 0 5 0 B 0 0 0 0 0 0 .

. . . 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 : m 00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . m 0 . . . 2 0 0 £ 0 3 3 . z . Z 5 0 Z 0 0 Z 0 . c 0 m 0 0 2 0 0 0 Q 0 0 0 0 0 m 2 : 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 w 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 m 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 u 0 0 0 0 0 m 0 h 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 m 0 : 0 w 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 c 0 0 0 0 m 0 0 Z 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 2 a 0 0 0 L M 8 0 0 m L 0 0 0 0 0 0 m 0 0 0 v 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 C 0 0 0 0 0 0 M 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ~. 0 0 0 S 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Q 0 5 0 E : 0 E 0 0 5 0 3 2 5 5 W m ? 5 0 0 0 5 3

0 . A 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 4 A . . . . 0 0 w 0 0 z 0 0 0 0 0 0 . . . 0 m . 0 0 > 0 0 z . 0 fi 0 0 0 >2 2 0 0 0 0 0 , 0 fi . 0 0 2 0 5 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 a 0 0 >0 0 . 8 0 0 fi N 0 . 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 9 S 5 8 0 . 0 0 0 w 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 9 0 H M 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 : 5 0 . 5 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 —0 0 0 0 0 w 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ’ 0 0 0 0 - 0 0 0 0 u 0 0 0 0 0 x 0 0 0 0 0 0 m 0 d 0 0 0 2 . 0 0 M 0 3 5 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 h 0 h . 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 ® 0 0 0 5 0 2 o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 s r 0 fl Z2 2 0 P m fi 0 ww 0 0 0 0 0 0 u ? >3 5 3 ? ? 0 . , _ . 26

R AI LR OADS

F R OM GR AN D ' C E N T R AL D POT O TY - S C ON S T T E , F R E D REE AN F OUR T H AV E N UE D .

N ew Y or k Cen tr a l a nd H udson R ir er R a ilroa d —T O n on t he H udson R nn all poi ts east shore of iver , co ect in A n S t L G t g at lba y for ara oga , ake eorge , bo h shores o f L a m n t he A dir onda c ks a nd M n ake C h plai , o treal . Fast vestibuled car service for Buffalo a nd Niagara Falls ‘ U S a nd R a nd m B uffa o in via tica , yracuse ochester , fro “ co nnectio n wi t h the Lake S hore Li ne a nd Bi g Fou

L n n nn I d t Loui s t n na a n S . . i es to Chicago , Ci ci a i , dia polis nn n D Co ectio also for etroit . — N ew Y or k a nd H a r lem R a ilr oa d Lake Mahopac a nd B m n W t n erkshire Hills . besides a y of the es c hester Cou ty suburbs . Y k w v n t rd ilr d N ew or e H a e d H a r o R a oa . . N a n f , ~ F S m nn n R id e fi e ld S t N or or ta ford (co ectio for g ) , ou h w nn n Litc hfi e ld B nn n alk (co ectio for ), ridgeport (co ectio fo r S a nd L n N e w n tockbridge e ox), Have , Hartford , S n fi ld a nd t n uebe A c . pri g e , Bos o . lso for Q — N e w Y or k a nd B oston S /zor e Li ne R u ns on the t he N e w Y N e w n a nd H tracks of ork , Have artford to N e w Have n ; t o Bos to n via the sh ore o f Lo ng Island n N e w L nd n a nd n n n a nd i n S ou d ( o o S to i gto ) Prov de ce . — l Vew Y or k a nd N ew E nqhm d R a ilr oa d R u ns on the N e w Y N e w n a nd a d R i tracks of the o rk , Have H rtfor a l to N e w n a nd n W m n i t n road H ave , the via illi a t c to Bos o .

O M OTH D POTS F R ER E . — B a ltimor e a nd Ohi o R a ilr oa d Fe rry fro m foot of L D s i t nt R i r t t . iberty s ree epot , Jer ey C y (Ce ral a l oad o fN e w d ma n c a r i t o Jersey). Fast vestib u le Pull serv ce B m W a i n t n t Philadel phia , alti ore , sh g o , Pi tsburgh ,

* Forei g ners w ill ﬁ nd the servi ce on the g reat railroa ds of th e Uni t d S t t m st a dmi l t hi n i n d n t o se c ur t . e a es o rab e , every g be g o e s d w i t h s t a nd n id t i n i n i d t o t he pee afe y , every co s era o be g pa comfort of t h e passeng er Bag g a g e t o a reas o nable amo u nt (sa t n a nd tm nt t o a h ss n is a i d ya r u k por a ea u e c p a e g er) c rr e free , h i i n h it a t th e b a a O fﬁ t e p a sseng er rece v g a c eck for g g g e ce . — ’ The fare s are al so reas o nable i n th e a u thor s e x perie nce lo wer h n n nt a n n t h a n t hose in E ng land or o n t e Co t i e . T icket s c g e er ‘7 f e l a r g h t l ally be p u rchased a t a n o th e o e s .

N ew Y or k L a ke E r ie a nd lVester n R a ilroa d — . F erry

t m s t W t w nt - t S t t foo of Cha ber stree or es T e y hird ree . D J i t m n epot , ersey C ty . Fast ves ibuled Pull a car ser i t he Pe n ns l v a ma n E lmi1 a W t n v ce to y coal regio s , , a ki s G n R ff o N a i D t t le , ochester Bu al , i g a a Falls , e roi , Cle ve nd n i nn t L a nd S t L la , Chicago . Ci c a i , ouisville . ouis . — P e nnsyl va n ia R a i lr oa d Ferry foot of Desbro s ses s 1 t o 1 O 1 tla 11dt t 1 t D t Je 1 se C t t t ee C s ee epo , y i y . Fas m n ca 1 se t v ice d W il vestibuled Pull a to Phila el phia , 111in t0 11 B a lt im o 1e W n n a nd n S g , , ashi gto poi ts outh , S t w a nd W the n n n R m ou h est est , Pe syl va ia ail road syst e m n i in A m bei ng the ost exte s ve erica . w Y or k a nd L on B ra n ch R a ilr oa d —O1v 11e d h v N e g . 1oa d o t N e w e i a t he C e 11t 1 a l R a il Jersey . Op te d b yt he Ce n tral R a ih o a d o f N e w Je 1 se ya nd th e P e nn syh a ni a R a ili oa d in 0 11 Je 1 se y s to P i nt . For po ts the Coa t o e s nt Pl a a . ' " A w I or k 0111111 10 a nd Wester n R a 1lr oa d F e 1 1 v e , .

Ja t 1 t 111 W t F 01 1 - n t 1 t l l t foot of 1 s ee es } seco d s ee . epo . VVe e ha wke n U t i R m w n nt . ca , o e , Os eg o , Cape Vi ce , nd I l nd nn i n t he W t (Thousa s a s). Buffalo (co ect o for es ), i n B i d s a nd Suspe ns o r ge (Niagara Fall ). — Wes t S hor e R a ilr oa d Ferry a nd depot same as N e w n a nd W n R i R n Y t . n t he ork , O ario ester a l road u s alo g w t 1 1 t he n R 1 \ nt N e u es sl o e of H udso ive to Vest Poi , b u i h n s t n C a tsk1ll M n i n a nd A lba 11v a 11d g , Ki g o ( ou ta s) , t n a nd N ia a 1a 1 U O s 11 he ce to Bu ffalo g Falls ia tica , ego

a nd R oc he ste 1 . — S ta te n I sla nd R a pid T ra nsi t Comp a ny Ferry foot l t D t G t S . n I W i . S t nd of h tehal s ree epot , eorge , ta e sla . n I n Poi nts on S tate sla d . w Y r N w d JII on tr ea l to N e o k. e C na S L n a a h ort i e . l n 1 n R a il 1 oa d D w a nd d a na G a d T u k , ela are H u so n C l ’ Company s R a il1 oa d (west sl10 1 e of Lake Cha mplai n) ;

R a il1oa .d C e nt i a l V e n nont R i i H udso n R iver . a l oa d (east shore of Lake C hamplai n) a nd H udso n R i ver i R a l road . e — Otta wa to N w Y or k Cana da A tla ntic R ai l roa d via ' Delaware a nd Hudso n Ca nal Co mpa ny s R ail road or V e 1 111o nt R a ih oa d Ce nt 1 a l . ‘ — Quebec to N e w Y or l u Q11e be c Ce 11 t1 al 1 ia C e n t 1 1l m nt a nd N e w Y N e w n a nd H a t t I d Ve r o ork , H ave c d R ai h a . 29

B AGGAGE I NS P E CTI ON .

The Customs Ofﬁ cer u suall y boards foreign vessels m n I nd but n m S . . a n fro Clifto , , distri es bla k for s upo which the passenger desig nat es articles subject to duty i n I n m n m m his baggage . case of a fa ily , the se ior e ber c a n m m n on one m a nd w it ake the state e t for , s ear to . S ho uld a nyone tru nk or package in th e baggage co ntai n d utiable articles of a value e xceedi ng or should i ts co nte nts be so n u mero us or varied as to forbid a thor m n n on w n ough exa i atio the vessel or harf , it is se t to the m n On n n w f public stores for appraise e t . la di g at th e har , t he w n m n a nd a n a t baggage he discharged is exa i ed , y tempt a t smuggli ng is punished by co nﬁscatio n Of the W n m n n m T article hose co ceal e t has bee atte pted . he C ustoms Officers of the United States will be found atte n t i ve a nd polite a nd liberal in their i nterpretatio n of the u m w w no m m n C sto s la s , especially here atte pt at s uggli g m i n n is ade , the rule appl cable bei g that a passe ger is allowed to bri ng i nto the cou nt ry articles for personal use as nu merous a nd as good in q uality as is consisten t w n in ith his statio life . 30

ST E AMB O ATS

r i n i l L a ndi n n h H u d n R iv r T O P c pa g s o t e so e .

S FA RE . A I G Pier foot of L ND N S ’ st t R E c ree . eg u x u r

r s n . la . io

A l n da * t ba y , by y Ves ry A lb n P l ’ i n n i h t C n l a y , eop e s L e ( g ) a a ’

A lb a n C itiz e n s Line 11i l1t Ch i st h . . y, ( g ) r op er t s st Ca kill (A lban y Day Li ne) . Ve ry

Corn wall (by Mary Powell) . Vestry Fi shkill Ve stry Fort Lee * Canal

Fo t 130th . r Lee W . ’ Garri son s (AlbanyDayLi ne) Ve stry

n ” . H u dson (Alban y Day Li e) Vest ry . H yde Park (by Mary Po well) V 1 st ry Milt on (by Mary Po well) . Ve s try Newb u rg (Alban y Da yLi ne) * Ve st ry t e wb ur g (by Mary Powell) . Ve s ry N e w H a mbur g (M a r yPowell) Ve stry N e w Fran kli n . Nyack * Har rison Peek skill * Harri so n ’ ‘ ‘ P oug hke e psie (Alb yD yLi e ) * Vestry Po ug hkeep sie (Mary Po w ell) Vestry ’ R hine b e ck(Alb nyDay Li ne) * Vest ry n * st Rondo u t (Alban y Day Li e) . Ve ry t Rondo u t (by Mary Powell) . Ves ry i n i F n li n S g S ng . ra k Tarryt own Harri son Tivoli Jay i li H r i s n T vo . a r o * t . Troy (Albany Day Li ne) . Ves ry ’ n nt Troy ( Ci t i z ens Li e) W . Te h ’ West P oint (A1b nyDay Li ne) * Vest ry West Poi nt (by Mary Powell) Ve stry * Yo nker s Harri son .

* - s nd st t Land also a t foo t O f West Twent y eco ree . 3 1

a ndi n s not on St e a mboa ts t o L g the Hudson R iv e r .

FA RE & Pier fo ot of L AND INGS ‘ s t E reet . Reg u xc u r

l . i n ar s o .

t A t lant i c Hi g hlands . Rec or $0 60 $ 1 00 Bedloe ’ s Whi tehall 25 ’

Bl w ll s I l nd 26th st . E . R . ack e s a ,

B st n t oi a F ll Ri . o o , boa , a ver M u rray B t n t oi a N wi h tt s os o , by boa , or c Wa B t n t vi a P id n S i n os o , boa , rov e ce pr g n Bri dg eport Cat heri e . 1 n . P C n I sl d i N . R . o ey a er , Glencove *Peck ’ n n d P 3 R . . G Isl i E . over or s a er , * Great Neck Peck sli p . Greenport Beekman Hart ford Peck s li p Martha ’ s Vi neyard Market B r n i J H r i n N e w w N . u s ck , ar so

N e w Haven Peck sli p . N e w Haven N e w London S pri ng . Newport M u rray N e w Rochelle Pike O rient Beekman H Pert h Amboy arri son . Port ches ter Pike Providen ce S pring R e d Bank Frankli n Rockaway Beach Ro slyn * Peck sli p Rossville Vesey S a g Harbor Beekman S and ’ s Poi nt * Peck sli p S andy Rect or S aybrook Peck sl1p S eabri g ht Frankli n S e a Cliff * Peck slip S helt er Island Beekman S o u t h A mboy Harriso n S o u t h Norwalk * Beekman S o u t hold Pike S tamford Pike S t o ning ton S pri ng Whi t eston e Beekman ’ P nt P 3 ill t i i E . R W e s o er . Woodbridg e Vesey .

* nd l so a t t E st Thi t - ﬁ r st st t La a foo of a r y ree . 32

FE R R IE S .

F RR F FRO N E W OR K T O E Y . are M Y

2 E R A 9 d . . t st , to s oria . m n E R A Beek a st . . . to storia . YVhit e ha ll R R . Bay idg e st to Bay idge . ’ ’ ’ ’ I 26th E R B a kw l s l w n . . . l c Is d Black ell s sla d st to . ’ ’ ’ 52d E R B l kw s Is d . . a c l l st . to . ’ n n M n B kl n Brookly Catheri e st . to ai st . y

- u n st Y . n F lto . N . to Fulto st . n Brookly . ’ ’ ’ W hit e h l st t o A n E k u . tla tic st . W m n hitehall st . to Ha ilto av n Brookly . ’ W l 39 o B k S . l n hiteha l to th st . y ’ W M nt B kl n all st . to o ague st . y ’ ’ n E R to G n E k E G . . . n D . u Brookly , ra d st ra d st ’ n G n B kl Housto st . to ra d st . yn G n w E D ra d st . to Broad ay , . . ’ R to B roa dw E D oosevelt st . y, . . ’ ’ ’ ’ C E 23d to B dw B k n E D . st . y, , . . 9 h E R n 9t . . . n College Poi t . st to College Poi t l 3 th Le Fort Le e o street to Fort e . n R Ca al street , N . . ’ ’ ’ Governor s Islan d The Battery to Governor s Isl d E R o r n h . . t G e e om 10t . t Gree n Poi nt st p av . H ( C E R G n 23d . . . n st to ree poi t av . ’ ’ 2 h E R t o I n Hart s Island 6t st . . . Hart s sl a d w a nd Hoboke n Barclay st . to Ne ark Fer

r yst s Hoboken . t N w a nd Chris opher st . to e ark n Ferry sts . , Hoboke . ’ ’ h s N R 14 H ob k n 14t t . . . to th st . ’ n n S ee L on I sla nd Ci t . Hu ter s Poi t . g y D M n m Jersey City esbrosses st . to o tgo ery

st Jersey City . ’ ’ ’ ’ r t l dt st tO M nt m st J C o . C . . g y . 34 h R M n West t st . N . . to o t m C . go ery st . Jersey ity Li C e n R R Of berty st . to . . . N . J , D ock . 33 — F E R R I E S Continue d.

E ’ M E W K T O F RRY . FRO N YOR

C m n Jersey City ha bers st . to Pavo ia Ferry , E R R D rie . . ock . 23d R n st . N . . to Pavo ia Fe rry , E R R D rie . . ock . ’ L n I n t m S L n I n t o g sla d Ci y . Ja es lip to o g sla d Ci y ’ 34 h E R - L n Isl nd t st . t . . to o g Ci y M or r isa ma 22 E R M n a Pier . . to orrisa i . ’ ’ R n I n 26th E R R n . . Isl nd a dall s sla d st . . to a dal ls 116 l 2oth E R R a n or st . . . to ’ I n dall s sla d . ’ 122d E R R n Is l st . . . to a dall s . S ta t n Is nd W l S n I nd e la . hiteh a l st . to tate sla . ’ ’ ‘ W I n 26th E R to W I n ard s sla d st . . . ard s sla d 6 ‘ 115t h E R v st . ast i er . VVe e h wke n d R a 42 R . R st . N . . to . S li p . 6 6 2d N R to 4 st . S . . Old Ferry li p

R . R R st . . S Jay . N to . . l ip . 34

CAB A N D COACH F AR E S .

n n m n R egulated by city ordi a ce . Co plai ts made to ’ m 1 H l I M M R a l . t t the ayor s arshal , oo , City is the du y o f every cab or coach man to hand to the passe nger a n a nd h n card , givi g rates , to ave the card co spicuously t 111 i nd n fi ne pos ed his veh c le u er pe alty of a . The rates are in f u l l for from 1 to 4 perso ns in a coac h a nd 1 or 2 r n m It ell person s in a cab o ha so . is w for a passe nger to m n be fo1 e n n ake a bargai e teri g . — Ca b a nd H a nsor nR a tes 50 ce nts fi rst mile or part f' 25 n h n m l 25 n thereo ce ts eac additio al le . ce ts for 5 o 15 m n t t he n t t . m s ops over i u es By hour , goi g fro ’ w n n place to place ith stops at the passe ger s optio , fi t a nd 50 n for rst ho u r or part hereof , ce ts for each suc n h r a t c e e di g hal f ou or p r thereof . Coa ch R a tes for fi rst mile or part thereof ; 40 n t n m t S ce ts each addi io al hal f ile or part hereof . tops 1 m n 3 nt 5 over 5 to 5 i utes 8 ce s . By the hour 7 n ha f ce nts each succeedi g l hour .

* MA I N STR E E T CAR LI NE S .

N e w Y ork City is pretty well gridironed with horse b l 5 n n a nd ca le railroads (usua fare ce ts). The stra ger w n l ﬁ nd the m n n n ill ge eral y elevated railroads ost co ve ie t , t w n d nt n n especially be ee ista poi ts . Therefore o l y s t reet ’ rail ways most important from the v isitor s poi nt of view i n are g ve . S O TH A N D N O T H U R . — B r oa dwa yLi na From Ce ntral Park throug h S eve nth nu a nd a w t o n a t ave e Bro d ay the Battery . Tra sfers t t t o Un s t n a nd a t Barclay s ree i ver i y pl ace bra ch , Park t o S nt n n a nd vi ye r sa place eve h ave ue bra c h ce — . B leecke r S tr eet a nd F u lton F er r yLi na From Fulto n t o w n - S o i a w Ferry T e ty third treet Ferry , Broad ay , n u n a nd nt n Bleecker , H udso , Fo rtee th streets Ni h ave ue

- S n m E R t o T wen ty third treet . Bra ch fro ast i ver

B ridge . “ —R u n n n the w n B elt Lines . al o g or ear ater fro t of bot h t he E ast a nd Nor t h ri vers crossi ng the city t h - n n t hroug Fi fty i th stree .

mw s Tra ay .

ha mber s S tr ee t — m E C . Fro the rie Ferry , foot of m D n m N e w m Cha bers street , to ua e , Cha bers, Cha bers m S . street , Ja es li p Gr a nd S tr ee t B r a nch — m G n . Fro foot of ra d street to E F . rie erry — H a r lem a nd M a nha tta nv ille From E ast ri ver at One n a nd w n - ﬁ fth One Hu dred T e ty street . through

nd a nd Tw nt - ﬁ fth Ma nha tta nv ille H u red e y street to . Tra nsfers at N e w A msterdam ave nue for cable road u p N e w Amsterdam avenue to One Hundred a nd E ighty n t t seve th s ree .

- — T wentythi r d S tr eet a nd E r i c F er r y From foo t o f W est T we nty - thi rd st reet t o foot of E a st T we nty - t hird

t n t o T - t S t s reet . Bra ch hirty four h reet Ferry .

r t - t r i m F o ysecond S r ee t a nd B oulev a d L ne . Fro

- S E t R v i a Thirty fourth treet Ferry , as iver , First ave nue - n S n n w , Forty seco d street , eve th ave ue , Broad ay , to S n - n Le e Boulevard at eve ty seco d street , to Fort Ferry . Bra nch from Thirty - fourth S treet Ferry to Forty - second t W W - n t t S . stree , to est hore Ferry est Forty seco d s ree Branch from First ave nue a nd One Hundred a nd Tenth t t t o Le e s ree Fort Ferry . — F ifth A venu e S ta g e Li na From South Fifth avenu e a nd t W a shm ton Bleecker street , hrough g square , through

F n - ifth ave ue to E ighty sixth street .

MANHATTA N E LE VA TE D R AI LW A Y .

AI Y IN CLUDIN G S N AY S L . D , U D This is the most rap id a nd conv e n l e nt loca l transpor ut It n n ni n im tal io n ro e . has statio s co ve e t to all n n 0 11 a nd t o m n porta t poi ts the east side , all i porta t points below One H u ndred a nd Fifty - ﬁ fth street 011 the w S 1de of i t m n i n ma w est the c y . Th e acco pa y g p sho s more clearly t h a n a nydescription the vari ous bran ches of tlns impor ta nt system which h a s co ntributed larg ely h 5 t o the growth of t e u pper part of the city . Fare n n O n C n 5 . ce ts . hildre u der years f age free Passe gers d in - n n n eposit t icket the gate box before e teri g trai . w w n A n Belo are further particulars ith a l ist of statio s . asterisk after a station denotes t hat cross - town car l1ne s t he n T ﬁ w l n pass statio . he rst elevated rail ay N e w f n N n v n r n Y ork City, part O the prese t i th a e ue b a ch ,

b n nn n in 18 68 n S xt n ega ru i g . The prese t i h ave ue a n wa s n in n 18 78 br ch ext open ed Ju e , .

S E C O N D AV E N U E L I N E

n n m A M M This li e is ope fro . . to P . .

P n for - t S t E R asse gers Thirty four h tree Ferry , ast iver , change cars at Thirty - fourth S treet S tation a nd t ake n i n bra ch tra for ferry . No extra charge . Passengers to or from Ci ty H a ll cha nge cars a nd cross C m S S n the Bridge at h atha quare tatio . Passe ngers to or from S uburban R apid Tran sit R ail wa y cha nge cars at One Hu ndred a nd Twenty- n i nth S t reet . A I S T T ONS .

* h n r a r F u n s r n S out Ferry; Ha ove squ e, lto t eet , Fra k * * lin a m Ca na l t G n t square , Chath square , s reet , ra d s reet , R n n E * F nt h ivi gto street , First street , ighth street , ourtee * * t N n nt T w nt - t s reet , i etee h street, e y hird street , Thirty * * - n F fourth street , Forty seco d street , iftieth street ,

- v n S - ﬁ fth S n h Fifty se e th street , ixty street , eve tiet street , S n - ﬁ fth E t E - t eve ty street , ightie h street , ighty si x h street , n - n One n a nd t Ni ety seco d street , H u dred Fif h street , O ne n a nd E n O ne H n r a nd H u dred leve th street , u d ed S t n t O ne n a nd w n ix ee h street , H u dred T e tieth street , ' ‘ n d we 1 - sc v 1 1 O n H undt e d O ne a nd . I 1 t e ntl e H u dre y st eet , ' ‘ a nd I 1ve nt v—n iut l1 t stree .

T II I R D E U E L I E AV N N .

n n n C l n O n a ll Th is li e , i cl u di g ity Hal Bra ch , is pe at o f da a nd n t hours the y igh . l n m S n A n L n City Hal passe gers , to or fro eco d ve ue i e cha nge cars a nd cross the Bridge at C hatham S quare n D nn n m t S a n S tatio . irect co ectio ade at C i y Hall t tio , w n t o tr w n n ithou t goi g the s eet , ith trai s crossi g Brook lyn Bridg e Passengers for Gran d Ce ntral Depot ch ange ca rs a t

F - n S t S n a nd n n orty seco d ree t tatio take bra ch trai , o ° 00 n N m A . O w c r u n . t hi h is fro M . 1 mid ight

extra charg e .

C - t wn c a r li n ross o es . 38

n T - S 1 E Passe gers for hirty fourth tree t Fe ry, ast R 11 er cha nge cars at T hii tyfourth S treet Stat i o n a nd t n w S r un { 1 om 5 30A M n i I . . . 12 00 ake bra ch trai , h ch to . m n t id ig h . A I N S T T O S .

S H a 11o v e 1 n n outh Ferry , square , Fulto street Fra k lin t th m r n square , Ci y Hall , Cha a squa e , Ca al street , G n t t n n ra d s ree , Housto street , Ni th street , Four * t e e nth E t n w n - t street , igh ee th street , T e ty hird street , ' w n - 1 I h 11 t - 1 t 1 T e ty eighth st eet , 1 fou th stree , Thi ty t S t F 1 F e n 1 t G1 n four h reet e ry , ort y s co d st ee , a d Ce n

1 Fmt - n h 1 F - thi1 d t al , yseve t st eet , ifty street , Fifty n n t S t - 1 e nth 1 S e v e n t - t 1 i th stree , ix y se st eet , ysix h st eet

E - 1 t st1 e e t E i l1t - 11intli n - e i h li ighty fou h , g y street Ni ety g t 1 One H u nd1 e d a nd S i 1 One B n i a nd st eet , xth st eet , u d ed

S t nt h t t O ne B ndl a nd w n - ﬁfth ix ee s ree . u ed T e ty street , One B u nd 1 ed a nd T we nt y - ni nth st1 eet

S I X T H A V E N U E L I N E

n n a t a ll o f a nd n This li e is ope hours the day ight . Passe ngers for Grand Ce ntral Depot leave t ra i n a t

- n n t wn r Fort y seco d S treet S tatio . Cross o cars u n w n n nd D 5 nt S a . bet ee tatio epot . Fare ce s — N e w Y l a nd N o 1 t i1e 1 n R a il11 a nn n 1 .1 n o k yCo ectio . T i s c o n nec ti ng wi th the N e w Y o 1k a nd No 1 t he 1 n R ai l wa y t l11 ou g h t 1 a ins c a l 1 1 a bl u e di s c o n t he fo 1 wa 1d p an t o f t he n n e gi e . Passe ng ers. fo 1 s t ati o n s 011 N1 i nth A ve n u e L111e change

- h l n 1 1 i t 11int S t e e t S t t . t ca s at F f y a io No ex a c harge .

A I S T T ONS .

S F a R or tla ndt outh erry , B ttery place , ector street , C m * n i n street , Park place , Cha bers street , Fra kl street. G n * k t * E * ra d street , Bleec er s reet , ighth street, Four te e nth E n t 1 t w n - thi1 d 1 street , ightee th s ee , T e tyy st eet , * w n 1 1 - thi1 d 1 F o 1 t n T e ty eighth st eet , Thi ty st eet , yseco d ’ 1 F 1 - t F ii t thi1 d st eet , iftieth st eet , Fi fty eighth s reet , y * 1 t - ninth st 1 e e t S nt - nd st i e e t E st ee , Fifty , eve y seco ighty ﬁ r st 1 t N n t thi1d t 1 ( ) ne n a nd st ee , i e y s eet , Hu dred r ou i th t1 e O ne H nd S 1 O e s et , u red a nd i xteenth st eet n

* l s- t n a i nes C os ow c t l , 39

* n a nd T w n - ﬁ fth One n a nd Hu dred e ty street , Hu dred

t - ﬁ fth st t One nd a nd t - ﬁ fth Thir y ree , Hu red For y street ,

n n i - ﬁ f h O e Hu ndred a d F fty t street .

I N T II A E U E L I E N V N N . m A M P n n . . M This l i e is ope fro to . .

n n - n E - ﬁ r Passe gers for S e ve ty seco d street , ighty st

N n - t One n a nd street , i ety third stree , Hu dred Fourth t One n a nd S n One n d s reet , H u dred ixtee th street , Hu dre a nd Tw n - fi fth m One n nd e ty street (Harle ), H u dred a - fi fth One n a n d F - fi fth Thirty street , Hu dred orty street , O ne n a nd - fi fth W n n Hu dred Fifty street , Fort ashi gto , a nd N e w Y a nd n R w High Bridge the ork Norther ail ay ,

n - n n cha ge cars at Fifty i th street . No extra charge .

S ATI NS T O .

S h R r C or tla ndt out Ferry , Battery place , ector st eet , W n n n street , Barclay street , arre street , Fra kli street , D t * n * * esbrosses s reet , Housto street , Ch ristopher street , * "4 nt w n - T Fourtee h street , T e ty third street , hirtieth * * - t - n F if street , Thirty four h street , Forty seco d street , * t ie th i t - n n street , F f y i th street .

HO TE LS .

It is presumed t hat r e a de rs_of t his Guide will not care t o n a n n n a nd patro ize ybut absolutely u exceptio al hotels , t n n S herefore o l y s u ch are give . ho u ld a reader discover a nyreaso n for ﬁ ndi ng fault with the service at a n yof these hotels he will co nfer a favor 0 11 the au t hor by commu ni n h im L n in n in w cati g the facts to . odgi gs , the se se h ich t he E n m not be in N e w lish use that ter , are to had

Y n - n m ork . or boardi g houses refere ce ust be had to th m n w e advertise e nts in the dail y e spapers . N e w Y t The ork hotels , l ike hose of other large cities of Un S t t n on Am n th e ited a es , are co ducted the erica or E n n o n 111 Am n n u ropea pla , or both . th e erica pla the charge i ncludes both room a nd meals ; in t he E uropean n m n t he n pla the charge is for roo o ly , guest bei g at l i berty to take his meals e i ther at t he hotel restaurant or w l m n h n F S . a else here . evera hotel s co bi e bot pla s or

* - c n Cro ss t own a r li e s . 40 visitor whose busi ness or pleasure takes him about t he E n n n him c ity , the uropea pla is preferable , as it re ders ind n n n da m E epe de t of his hotel d u ri g the yti e . xcel l en t r ooms in hotels on th e E uropean plan c a n be had at 2 r nn n m 1 3 t he la s t fi ur e $ a day , the price u i g fro $ to $ , g m w t n . S u t n bei g for double roo s ites i h sit i g , bed a nd t m c a n m 25 50 w ba h roo , be had at fro $ to $ a eek . A mo ng the best k n own hot els are : — E OP AN AN A s tor H ouse in he UR E PL , the heart of t wn wn n on w tw n do to busi ess district Broad ay , be ee Vesey ‘ a nd O t fi B r er oor z Barclay streets , pposite the Pos Of ce ; , 11 t n w E n n B u k Fif h ave ue, ith a large glish patro age ; c i n ha m nu a nd F t one t he g , Fifth ave e iftieth s reet ( of m i in E v er e tt t nu a nd ost exclus ve the city) ; , Four h ave e S n n h t n Un n Gilse eve tee t s reet , overlooki g io square ; y, ' wa a nd T we n t - n n Gr a nd w Broad y y i th street ; , Broad ay a nd - fi rst t H o rna n 1111 o Thirty stree ; fi . Broad way ( n M i n H otel B r unswick 225 n ad so square) ; , Fifth ave ue , 0 11 M i n a H ote l Da m 104 E n ad so sq u re ; , ast Fiftee t h t n Un n H otel I m e r ia l i t s reet ( ear io square) ; p , Th r y n t a nd w H otel N or ma n die i t seco d s reet Broad ay ; , Th r y i h t a nd dw L a n li a m t n < e g th s reet Broa ay ; g , Fi f h ave u a nd Fi f ty - seco nd stree t (a n e x celle n t fam ily hotel) :

Pla za i t n a nd t - n nt t he ma n , F f h ave ue Fif y i h street ( i t o nt r t J a m 11 r n n S . es 33 a d e tra ce Ce ral Pa k) ; , B o wa n M o n Un ion S ua r e 16 Un n y( ear adis square) ; q , io square . A M I CAN LAN—Cla r endon 2 19 n n ER P , Fourth ave ue ( ear Un io n squ a re) wi th a large E ngl ish patro nage ; F ifth A v enue 111 ﬁ ne i n a t t n a nd T n , a situat o Fif h ave ue we ty t e Ma i o n r in n h h ird str et ( d s squa e), —the ce tre of the s op pi ng a nd a museme nt district one of the best k no wn in t he Un i t S t Gr a nd en tr a l (17 1 a hotels ed ates ; C , B ro d wa Jll e lr o olila n 58 4 w n n i n to y; p , Broad ay (co ve e t the w dr d JlI u r r a H ill n holesale ygoo s district) ; y , Park ave ue a nd Forty - ﬁ rs t street (co nve nie nt t o t he Gra nd Ce ntra l De 10 N ew Y or k H ote l 721 w t 0; , Broad ay (a favori e hotel wi n S lur le'va nl 1 18 6 w e t S outher ers) ; , Broad ay ; Vi lor ia w nt - n a w a nd , T e y seve th street , Bro d ay , Fifth ave ue n M d n W estmins ter I n a n ( ear a iso sq u are) ; , rvi g pl ce a nd S ixtee nth street (a qui et neighborhood near Un i o n

Win dsor i h n a nd - t square) ; , F ft ave u e Forty six h street —o h w h n Un t ne of t e best k no n otels i the i ted Sta es .

" t 164 a l t ‘S n 120 Broad stree ; Kolb , Pe r s ree t ; avari , w (Jo 130 w * ~ Broad ay ; Cable , Bailey Broad ay ; Hoff dw A 6 ma n é 60 . . . i 7 C af , Broa ay ; J P F sk , Broad n 64 L m n 122 street ; S utherla d , iberty street ; H e ck a , ’ W t ble d lt ole in he i i n in illiam street . a ( t oldest b u ld g N e w Y Mo u u in 149 t n t * A ork) ; q , Ful o stree ; stor H ouse , w a nd s ; R a ck 2 1 n t t Broad ay Ve ey street y, Fra ”kfor stree G m n—G m n w n R 2 n [ er a er a i e s] ; athskeller , T ryo ’ — R o w ta ble d hole G m n m H 85 , [ er a i ported beers] ; oltz F re ste dt 3 49 w G m n—G m n w n y , Broad ay [ er a er a i es] ; M t n t 58 4 w *S ie hortne r etropoli a Ho el , Broad ay ; g , L n n w a nd nt afayette Place ; Vie a Bakery , Broad ay Te h f e D n t nn t a a nd S t . i s reet [Vie a rolls , co fee , chocolate] : e s a w a nd E nt n i Hotel , Bro d ay leve h street ; H otel H u gar a , ’ 4 Un n E ta ble d hole n n wi n io sq u are , ast , [Hu garia es] ; Un n S 16 Un n R icca donna io quare Hotel , io square ; , 4 2 Un n E lta lia n E t th io square , ast [ ] ; vere t House , Four n a nd S n n t P 910 w ave ue eve tee th s reet ; ursell , Broad ay , ’ ’ ta ble d li ole M n 13 6 ft n ta ble d li ole ; arti elli , Fi h ave ue , I n M t 12 E t —ﬁ r st ta ble [ talia ] ; o re ti , as street , ’ d hol I a n N 22 W s t w n - e . [ tali ] ; C lark , , e T e ty third street ;

A m t a dw a nd w n - lbe arle Ho el , Bro ay T e ty fourth street ; >l‘ H offma n H dw a nd w n - ﬁ fth o u se , B roa ay T e ty street ; >l< Hote l n w n a nd w nt - t B ru s ick , Fifth ave ue T e y fifth stree , ’ la ble d li ole * D m n n a nd w nt ; el o ico , Fifth ave u e T e y h m dw nd w n t S t . a a six street ; J a es Hotel , Broa y T e ty i C m n H dw a nd w n t s xth street ; ole a ouse , Broa ay T e y n m 29 W w nt — n seve th street ; Hei , est T e y seve th street

G m n w n Dr e nte l 9 W w n - [ e r a i es] ; , est T e ty eighth street , ’ ta ble d hole ’ Gilse a dw a nd w n —n i n , yHouse , Bro ay T e ty th ’ a w n i stree t ; Parker s , Bro d ay (largely patro zed by

s m n M 1i 1 i n a nd t - s sport e ) ; ray H ll , Park ave u e For y fir t t Gr n Un i n n a nd t s reet ; a d o H otel , Fo u rth ave u e For y n e t seco d stre . ’ H OP - H O S S m me C U E . Old To s , Tha s street (rear of i n i t C h h 6 1 h n E sc hba c iz Tr y h u rc ) ; Farris , Jo street ; ,

t n w n w nt a nd w n - ﬁ rst Four h ave ue , bet ee T e ieth T e ty “ ” t t S t d S nu w n w n s ree s ; u io , i xth ave e , bet ee T e tieth a nd w n —ﬁ rs t t r wn 3 1 W t w n T e ty stree s ; B o e , es T e ty nt t seve h s reet . YS T A Loous — s n a ll O ER S . Oyste r aloo s are scattered r th e i a nd t he a o f h i n a nd ove c ty , char cte r t e cook g ser v c a n n b ud b a e ra 11 e ~O v s t e rs ice ge e rally e j g ed of y pp a c . 43

w are served at nearly a ll good restauran ts in N e Y ork .

w - wn D n S n n A . pecially ell k o oyster saloo s are . P orlo , ’ n M O N e ill 358 S n n 78 3 Fulto arket ; , ixth ave ue ; Bur s , a n 4 n d 90 S ixth ave ue .

B I L LIA R D S . Nearly all th e large hotels have well equipped billiard n wn m n t m rooms . Best k o a o g o her bi lliard roo s are the “ ” ’ m 948 w a nd S t n Colu bia , Broad ay , ex o s , Broad w a y.

LI B R AR IE S .

’ A n 18 E S n A M —9 8 . . ppre tices , ast ixtee th street ( P . A L 9 A M —5 M stor , afayette Place ( . . P . P . M in w n t 10 A M —4 . i ter) ; City , Ci y Hall ( . . P . Col

m i - n nt t a n d M d n n u b a College , Forty i h s reet a iso ave ue A —10 Un n S n h a nd 8 . M . ( . P Cooper io , eve t street n A M —10 m 223 8 . . . 8 Fourth ave ue ( P Harle , Thi rd n 9 A M —9 L n t n a nd ave ue ( . . P . e ox , Fif h ave ue 11 M — 4 M n A A . . S n . eve tieth street ( P erca tile , stor — N w W A M 9 . e Y 8 . . 8 Place ( P ork Hospital , est n 1 A M —5 N w Y S S t 0 . . . e ixtee th s reet ( P ork ociety , 8 —6 6 Un A . M . 7 iversity Place ( . P

N E WS P AP E R S A N D P E R I ODI CA LS .

Th e pri ncipa l dail y ne wspapers are : MORNING Da il Conti nen t D m t 239 w H er a ld y , e ocra ic , Broad ay ; , I n n nt w a nd A n n n depe de , Broad ay street , Fifth ave ue a nd T w n - M orni n Jour na l Inde e n e ty third street ; g , p n 162 P r ess R n R ow de t , Nassau street ; , epublica , Park P B n S un I n n nt n n ( otter uildi g) ; , depe de , Pri ti g House S T i mes In n n n n S quare ; , depe de t , Pri ti g House quare ; T r i bun e R n n i n u S Wor ld , epublica , Pri t g Ho se quare ; , D m n n n E R e ocratic , Pul itzer Buildi g (adjoi i g ast i ver G m n —S ta a ts Ze rtun D m n Bridge). er a g , e ocratic , Tryo R ow n h— ou r i r t m . F C e des E a ts Un is D i re c , e ocrat c , 19 mm — omme c ia l B u ll t Barclay street . Co ercial C r e i n S un 32 w Jour n a l o C ommer (except day), B road ay ; f ce n 6 E V I G S 7 B t . N N (ex cept u day), eaver s reet E (except S n —C ommer eia l A dv er ti se r In n n n u day) , depe de t , Fulto a nd t M a i l a nd E x ress R n 23 Nassau s reets ; p , epublica , 44

P R ow E veni n P ost In n nt w a n ark ; g , depe de , Broad ay d t n E v en in T e le r a m In n n d Ful o street ; g g , depe de t , Broa wa a nd A nn t E v eni n S u n In nd nt nt y stree ; g , depe e , Pri ' i n S E v en i n Wor ld D m t t g House quare ; g , e ocra ic , Pul i zer ’ u n W K Y—F r a nk L eslie s I llu s tr a ted e B ildi g . E E L N ws ’ a er 110 i t v n G m n H a r er s B a z a r p p , F f h a e ue (also er a ) ; p ’ (the leadi ng weekly for wome n) ; H a rper s Weekly(the n w Un S n n leadi g eekly of th e ited tates), Fra kli S quare ; I llu s tr a ted A mer i ca n N a ti on n , Bible House ; (the leadi g t w a t he U n S t 2 10 w . pol i ic—l eekl y of ited ates), B road ay O MIC Life 28 W w n - P a ck 39 E C , est T e ty third street ; , ast n t Ju d e 1 10 t n MONTH LY Housto s reet ; g , Fif h ave ue . u —Centu r 33 E S nt n (ill strated) y, ast eve ee th street ; C os ma oli ta n w n - a nd h n H a r p , T e ty sixth street Fift ave ue ; ’ er s N ew M onthl Jlfa a zi ne Fr n S cr i b p y g , a kli n quare ; S ’ n er s M a a zine 43 dw g , 7 Broa ay .

T H E ATR E S .

m i n N e w Y r The ost desirable seats o k theatres are , i n except private boxes , the parquet (also orchestra or d t ress circle). These cost eac h , hough at the “ t r n m w popular thea res prices a ge uch lo er . Opera ma i n P mm glasses ybe hired the lobby . rogra es free . n m n m The leadi g theatres , stock co pa ies arked are A m M E t nt n cade y of usic , ast Four ee h street , cor er of I n Arnbe r fs n h a nd rvi g place ; g Theatre , Fiftee t street I n w a nd rvi g place ; Bijou Theatre , Broad ay Thirtieth

t r w h - ﬁ rst a nd d stree ; B oad ay T eatre , Forty street Broa wa y n w a nd h r - n nt ; Casi o , Broad ay T i ty i h street (light * ’ O D r w a nd t t pera) ; aly s Theatre , B oad ay Thirtie h s reet ;

F h A n h w n - a nd d ift ve ue T eatre , T e ty eighth street Broa wa F n S t n t a nd y; ourtee th reet Theatre , Fourtee th s reet S h n G n t M n n a nd ixt ave ue ; arde Thea re , adiso ave ue

w n - nt G n E T e ty seve h street ; ra d Opera H ouse , ighth ’ ave nue a nd T we nt y - third street ; Hammerstei n s Colum

r O ne n d a nd T w n - fi f h a n d bus Theat e , Hu d re e ty t street ’ L n n n mm n m exi gto ave ue ; Ha erstei s Harle Opera House , O ne Hu ndred a nd T we nty - fi ft h street a nd S eve nth ave >1< ’ nue : Ha r r i a n s - fi fth g Theatre , Thirty street , east of ’ S n m n n w a nd ixth ave ue ; H err a s Theatre , Broad ay w n —n n t * m n T e ty i th s reet ; c eu Theatre , Fourth ave ue a nd Twe nty - third a nd T wenty - four t h streets ; Madiso n 45

u n Tw n - n w - ve nt Square G de , e ty sixth a d T enty se h t a n d a nd M n n * M n s reets , Fourth adiso ave ues ; adiso

S r T he a t 1 e w n - r s r t n h A v e qua e , T e ty fou th t ee , ear Fift n ue M n w a nd Hotel ; etropolita Opera House , Broad ay

- n n t t N e w T t - ﬁ fth Thirty i th s ree ; Park hea re , Thirty ’ r t a nd r w N iblo s G n r 522 st ee B oad ay ; arde Theat e , ’ a wa m w a nd hi i tie th Bro d y ; Pal er s Theatre , Broad ay T ’ t t r 3 T w n t r w n stree ; Proc o Theatre , e y thi d street , bet ee S a nd S n h v n S n t S ixth eve t a e ues ; ta dard Thea re , ixth

n w a nd - r S ta 1 t ave ue , Broad ay Thirty th ird st eet ; Thea re , ’ Broadway a nd Thirteenth street ; To n y Pasto r s Theatre mm n n n (Variety), Ta a y Hall , Fourtee th street , ear Third n Un t Un r a nd ave ue , ion S quare Thea re , io n squa e w Broad ay .

CON CE R T S .

The pri ncipal conce r ts to which the public rs a dmi t ted i n M n r t h e are g ve at the etropolita Ope a House , by Phil m m n n r i r n S a d t . har o ic , y ph o y Ora o o (cho al) societies

Parquet ,

- CONCE R T VAR I E T Y P E R F OR MA NCE S .

w n - w n S Koster Bials , T e ty third street , bet ee ixth n a nd S eve nth ave ues .

X R K W A WO S .

E n M é w n - w n a nd de us e , T e ty third street , bet ee Fifth n S ixth ave ues .

MUSE UMS .

A m n M u m M n n erica seu Natural H istory , a hatta square . M t n M m A r t n l n et ropoli a useu of , Ce tra Park , ear

- ﬁ rs n h n nt n E ighty t street a d Fift ave ue e ra ce . 1 0 S nd n N e w S 7 . Y ork H istorical ociety , eco ave ue

P I CT UR E E X H [ B I T I ON S

k C ity Hall , City Hall Par . L n Li n a nd S n e ox brary , Fifth ave ue eve tieth street . 46

M n M m A r t n n etropolita useu of , Ce tral Park , ear

- ﬁ n h n n n E ighty r st street a d Fift ave ue e t ra ce. S e e A r t S tor es A ca dem o Desi n a nd A r t also , y f g ’ tuden ts L e a ue S g .

D I B TUR K I SH AN R US S A N ATH S .

E n 8 w H oﬁ ma n 7 Produce xcha ge , Broad ay ; House , W t w n - h t W n t 7 E es T e ty fo u rt stree ; i dsor Ho el , ast

t - t t 18 L For y six h s reet ; afayette Place .

CY CLO R A MA .

. Ge tt sb ur h n n a nd Battle of y g , Ni etee th street Fourth n ave ue . DI I N E E R I E V S V C .

’ Trow s Directory co ntai ns a co mplete l is t of c hu rches ’ n m n i n w t the n m of all de o i at o s i h pas t ors a es . The best k nown churches i n N e w Y ork are : B a tist —Adonira 1n n M m m n p . Judso e orial , Tho pso a nd S u n E dw d u n street o th Fifth ave ue , ar J dso ; Calvary , t - n w n S t a nd S n t h Fif y seve th street, bet ee ix h eve ave n R S McA r thur t A n W t . 6 ues , . ; Fif h ve ue , est For y t t W n six h stree , . H . P . Fau ce . Con r e a ti ona l — w na l w g g . Broad ay Taber c e , Broad ay a nd t - W m M Thir y fourth street , . . Taylor . M e thodist E i sco l — i n 33 E s n a . 7 S p p Hedd g , a t eve th A C M 44 t t . n S t n t s reet , . orehouse ; Joh reet , Joh s ree ; M n A n S t h t a nd M s n n adiso ve ue , ix iet stree adi o ave ue , E n n McC he sn e sig y. b t r i — n P r es e a n 4 10 t n . y Brick , Fif h ave ue , He ry J V a n D h the n n 28 r a n yke ; Churc of Cove a t , Pa k ve u e , Mc E lv a ine ft A n 708 n J . H . ; Fi h ve ue , Fifth ave ue . n t A n 286 n w Joh Hall ; Four h ve ue , Fo u rth ave ue , Ho ard C Un G A n W rosby ; iversity Place , eorge lexa der ; est ,

3 1 W t F - n n R t n es orty seco d street , Joh . Pax o . There t 65 n h i n t are abou Presbyteria c urches the ci y . P r otes ta nt E i sco a l — n m n p p . T ri ity , the ost oted church in N e w Y k w a nd R M or or City , Broad ay ector streets , ’ Dix n a n S t . n w a d g ; Paul s (Tri ity Parish), Broad ay ’ m M t A s t n S . Vesey streets , Ja es ulcahey ; ug u i e s Cha pel n 10 E n t A m 7 . . . (Tri ity Parish), ast Housto s reet , C Ki ber 47

Other well - k nown co ngregatio ns a mo ng th e 90 odd of

n m n n : All ou ls S t - t t a nd this de o i atio are S , ix ysix h s reet R w n r w M n n . G adiso ave ue , Heber Ne to ; race , B oad ay , n n r W R n n n n R ear Te th st eet , . . Hu ti gto ; H eave ly est , ’ 55 1 n D M n S t Ann 7 W Fifth ave ue . Parker orga ; . s , est m G d t B E n S . ightee th street , Tho as allau et ; artholo ’ D m 34 M n n H . G S t w 8 . e s , adiso ave ue , avid reer ; ’ W m R a i sfor t R t S . n d S . G 7 . eorge s , u herford place , ; I n 56 W s A R t . g a ius (ritualistic), e t Fortieth street , itchi e ; ’

S t M S u n a nd S n n . . . ark s , t yvesa t street ec o d ave ue , J H R l n t M the n s 22 W a ce S . 8 y ; ary , Virgi (rituali tic), est ’ - M K wn m t ﬁ fth . c S t . Forty street , T . Bro ; Tho as s , Fif h — W wn n n a nd n . ave ue Fifty third street , Joh Bro Tra s

ﬁ n 5 E t w n - n n t 1 G guratio , as T e ty i th s eet , eorge H . B H n D n n C . Houghto ; ishop , e ry Potter , iocesa House , 29 L A n E C afayette place . Protesta t piscopal athedral is to be built on th e site of t he old Leak e W atts r n A m n 0 11 un n O pha sylu buildi g , high gro d , j ust orth w n 1s a P n E est of Ce tral Park . There lso a rotesta t pis C M n 68 r t a n n i n copal ity issio , Bleecke s reet . i terest g m n n w 18 P n M n i istratio of hich the City riso issio , B rock M n m n holst orga , issio ary . R efor med Dutch — M C u 14 L Collegiate iddle h rch , a W m i t A n u fayette place , Talbot . C ha bers ; F f h ve e ,

- i h a nd F t a n E w C oe Forty e ght street if h ve ue , d ard B . ; M n A n f n a nd M n adiso ve ue , Fi ty seve th street adiso ave

E d h - fi r s nd n ue A . T n . S u w t a , Kittre ge ; o t e ty street h A n R T r° Fift ve ue , oderick er y . ’ ma n a thol c —St fi n R o C i . C . Patrick s athedral , th e est h u in A m f a nd i - fi rst churc str cture erica , Fi tieth F fty nd n n t a S . . A : st reets Fifth ave ue , rchbishop Corriga F n X D A M t A ra cis avier , avid . errick ; S . Paul , the pos

- n M c u irk n t a nd n n n . tle , Fifty i h street Ni th ave ue , Joh Q h 75 u o f n m n n T ere are ch rches th is de o i atio . ’ Un ita r i a n — A ll S m Dr l w 245 oul s (for erl y . Bel o s ) n C W ms M 61 E F . ourth ave ue , T . illia ; essiah , ast Thirty u R 1 fo rth street obe t Collyer . Un i ve rsa li t —D n n f m D s . ivi e Pater ity ( or erly r . Cha ’ in s 538 n E n p ), Fifth ave ue , C . H . ato . na o u s — m E ma nu E l 5 1 F n S e . 2 y g g Te ple , ifth ave ue v o he il E l 1 n n Dr G G tt . 8 7 L n t . usta Beth , exi g o ave ue , h h Dr A a v a s 652 L n n n . Kohler ; Chesed , exi gto ave ue ,

Kohut . FOR E IGN CON SULS .

Ar n n R — r n 60 W C . tr ge ti e ep u bl ic Ca ra za , al l s eet . A r —H un a 1 — T A H a 1 e nre e 1 33 r dw ust ia g y . . y B oa ay . B m — M i 329 r w elgiu Chas . al , B oad ay . i — M O ba 1 1° 1o 178 r w Bol via elchor , B oad ay . —A de M 23 S t Brazil . T . acedo , tate stree . i —F A n 15 C o rtla ndt Ch l i . . Beele , street . C n —S mW n 26 W t i n hi a he oo , es N th street . m — m n 16 Colo bia Cli aco Caldero , Beaver street . R —J M M n 59 Li t Costa ica . . u oz , berty s reet . D nm — n M e m 69 W l e ark He ri . Br e , al street D m n n R —E n 3 1 r w o i ica epublic . He riquez , B oad ay . E r—D m n L R 5 1 L cuado o i go . uiz , iberty street ’ n —V icomte A wli n Gr n Fra ce Pau l d bzac , 4 B o g ee . G m n E m n' e —A 2 B w n G n er a p ug ust Feigel , o li g ree . G n—W 111 La n 24 S reat Britai . e Booker, tate street . G —D B ss i 1 15 t ota . reece . N . , Pearl s reet G m — 1 2 nt 0 . uate ala Jacob Baiz , Fro street H — 101 n t P . ayti Joh Hausted , earl street w n I n —E H A n 51 L n Ha aiia sla ds . . lle , eo ard street . n u — 102 n Ho d ras Jacob Baiz , Fro t street . I —G R 22 S taly . Paolo iva , tate street . ‘ n —S W n 7 . Japa . Fujii , arre street —E t 124 W Korea vere t Frazer , ater street . L — W m Y 19 W . iberia Josep~h . ates , illia street M — n N 35 B dw exico Jua . Navarro , roa ay . M n — m D 4 w n G n o aco Ja es upas , Bo li g ree . — m h n J R n n 19 W . Net erla ds . . Pla te , illia street u — A n I C othe a l 140 r t t Nicarag a lexa der . , Pea l s ree . — h v n 4 1 r t w Cl1r isto e r R a . Nor ay p , B oad stree — 9 W n u n na 1 . Peru Jua Q i ta , hitehal l street — inck 14 r r G A rns 8 . Portugal ustav , Pea l st eet — i 22 . R A . G S uss a reger , tate street

m—I mi 58 W T - t t S . S . ia saac T th , est hirty six h stree — 30 r w in M G n . S a . S p uares ua es , B oad ay — hist O R a v n 4 1 d t1 Sw n C . ede pher , B roa s eet —J B e r‘ tsc hma nn 69 r S w n . itzerla d , Beave street — 31 w S t D m n E n . . o i go . He riquez , Broad ay — B r w 1 B a l ta zz i E ff nd 132 oa d a . Turkey e i , — la 1 0 F n t U E stra zu s 2 . ruguay , ro t s reet n —Dr R i n 18 w Ve ezuela . afael V llavice cio , Broad ay .

50 seco nd a nd th i rd class matte r a pply also to mai l matter n for Ca ada a nd Mexico .

A R T E S O F POS T A GE .

F i rst cla ss : L w n one n 2 etters eighi g ou ce or less , ce nts ; 2 ce nts a dditio nal for e very extra ou nce ; pos t al 1 n S econd cla ss : w cards , ce t . Ne s papers or periodical s wh n n n w nt 1 n n e se t by publisher or e s age s , ce t a pou d , n t w 1 n fo r 4 n or fractio thereof ; o her ise , ce t every ou ces , n T hi r d cla ss : n m u n or fractio thereof . Pri ted atter n u n n n n sealed , i cl di g books , circulars , ha dbills, e gravi gs , m i m n m t n w - t us c , agazi es , pa phle s , e spapers , proof shee s a nd m n m n n me 1 n 2 a uscripts acco pa y i g sa , ce t each un t n mi t w t 4 o ces , or frac io thereof ; l i of eigh , lbs . , ex n w ma m F our th cept for a si gle book , hich ybe ore . cla ss : A ll mailabl e matter n ot i ncluded in precedi ng m n a w classes , prepared for aili g so as to be e sily ith wn a nd m n 1 n un 0 1° n dra exa i ed , ce t per o ce , frac tio f n n t a n d thereo ; but seeds , pla ts , cutti gs , bulbs , roo s 1 h 2 n F or i n P o t n nt . e s a e sc io s , are ce for eac ou ces g g 5 cents for a si ngle letter to al l t he co u ntries belo ngi ng Un n d n n t o i 2 . t the Postal o ; postal car s , ce ts To cou ries n n n n n Un ma ila hle ot belo gi g to the u io th e rat es varv . n a nd i n m Poiso s , fresh frui ts vegetables , l ve a i als , ex

° a nd n 0 1 n . plosives , other da gerous articles substa ces

MON Y - O S E RDER .

Domesti c — n a t G n fﬁ a nd Obtai ed the e eral Post O ce ,

a n t he n s ub - n w n at yof bra ch or statio s , bet ee the hours 10 A M a nd 6 M A nt m ﬁ ll u n of . . P . . pplica u st p a bla k m n m un d n the a t for gi vi g th e a o t he esires to se d , place w i it n m of a nd h c h is to be paid , the a e the payee , h is o wn n m : O n not n 5 5 nt a e . Fees orders exceedi g $ , ce s ; 5 a nd not n 10 8 n 10 a nd over $ exceedi g $ , ce ts ; over $ n ot n 15 10 nt 15 a n d not n exceedi g $ , ce s ; over $ exceedi g 30 15 n 30 a nd no t i n 40 20 n $ , ce ts ; over $ exceed g $ , ce ts ; 40 a nd no t n 50 25 n 50 a nd over $ exceedi g $ , ce ts ; over $ not n 60 30 nt 60 a nd no t n exceedi g $ , ce s ; over $ exceedi g 0 35 n 70 a nd n o t ed n 80 40 n $ 7 , ce ts ; over $ exce i g $ , ce ts ; 0 a nd not n 100 45 n n te r na 8 . I over $ exceedi g $ , ce ts

— - tiona l Internatio nal mo ney orders payable in th e fol w n n : G t i n a nd I n n d lo i g cou tries reat Bri a rela d , Ca a a , m n n It m S w n S w n Ger a y , Fra ce , aly , Belgiu , itzerla d , ede , N D t a n m w nm L . or ay , e ark , Por ug l , Netherla ds , uxe burg 5 1

A - un N e w S W n n ustro H gary , outh ales , Quee sla d , Vic a N e w Z n S u A W A tori , eala d , o th ustralia , est ustralia , m n In n w m C Tas a ia , British dia, Japa , Ha aii , Ja aica , ape n E n n n n n B m Colo y , gypt , Co sta ti ople , Ho g Ko g , er uda , G I n W n w I n L w ibraltar , cela d , Natal , i d ard sla ds , ee ard I n n a n I n S t S m n sla ds , Ceylo , F lkla d sla ds , trai s ettle e ts n n n a nd M a G mb M (S i gapore , Pe a g alacc ), a ia , auritius , S t n n d M n Be rout S n . Hele a , Tri ida , alta , Ta gier , y , alo ica , I n : Orr n o A zores a nd Madeira sla ds . Fees orders t ex c e e din 10 10 nt 10 a nd not n 20 g $ , ce s ; o ver $ exceedi g $ , 20 n 20 a nd not n 30 30c n ce ts ; over $ exceedi g $ , e ts ; over 30 a nd not n 40 40 n 40 a nd not $ exceedi g $ , ce ts ; o ver $ n 50 50 n 50 a nd not n exceedi g $ , ce ts ; over $ exceedi g 60 60 nt 60 a nd not n 70 70 n $ , ce s ; over $ exceedi g $ , c e ts ; v 0 a nd not n 80 8 0 nt 80 a nd o er $7 exceedi g $ , ce s ; o ver $ not d n 90 90 nt 90 a nd n t n excee i g $ , ce s ; over $ o exceedi g 1 n G n ffi n 100 . e d $ , $ Obtai able at the e eral Post O c a all n fi M S a nd bra ch of ces , except , T . PO S TA NOT S L E . N m n Postal otes , good for three o th s, are issued for a nysu m fro m one ce nt to four dollars a nd ni nety - n i ne n n not a n fr a ctiona l ce ts i clusi ve , but for y part of m nt n a t n . a ce t , a u i for fee of three ce s They c a n be purchased at the Ge neral Post Offi ce or

a n n n - n a nd a t at ybra ch statio or sub statio , are payable a n 111011e - or de r ofﬁ ce in Un S n d n y y the ited tates , i clu i g

n n a nd - t i n in N e w Y T he v bra ch statio s sub sta o s ork . d 110 n ﬁ n d a n u . are payable to bearer , ide ti catio is req ire PA S PO T R C EL S .

Und n t n w h ma s n the er co di io s , hic ybe a certai ed at

G n fﬁ n - i n n e eral Post O ce , bra ch or sub stat o s , u sealed parcels of merchandise not over 11 pou nds ma ybe se nt t m ma by parcels pos to Ja aica , Barbadoes , Baha s , n M S a n w I n Le e British H o duras , exico , d ic h sla ds , w n C m R a nd S v ard Isla ds , olo bia , Costa ica , al ador . GI S T ATION RE R . Domestic a nd foreig n letters a nd parcels m a y be t e n n in m registered at a fee of ce ts postage sta ps . PO S T S TANT E RE E .

A dver ti sed Domestic M a i l M a tt r —All m i e . do est c t l t t a nd (excep loca ) le ters , book packe s , packages of 52

m n s m G i n I n ercha di e (also those fro reat Brita , rela d or British Colo nies) which have re mai ned u ndeli vered fo r t wo weeks a nd which do not bear the n ames a nd ad d resses o f the se nders (except those addressed to stree t a nd n m w a re n u ber, hich advertised as soo as they are retur ned by ca r rier as bei ng u ndeliverable) are ad v ertised N w Y w w o f at e ork t ice a eek . The advertised lists such m a tter are also displayed in the lobbies of the General t ffi Und i l a re not d Pos O ce . el vered ocal letters advertise , b ut remai n at the Poste R es ta n te for thi rty days await i ri a nd n n m n th e D g call , if the u clai ed are se t to ead L ffi W n n etter O ce , ashi gto . A dver ti sed or ei n Al a il M a tter —A ll t F g . let ers, book a nd a nt n packets , pack ges , of appare value , arrivi g f ro m foreig n cou ntries a nd fou nd to be u ndel ive ra ble t r n m a r e w hrough the o di ary ethods , treated as follo s “ 1 If P os te R esta n te o r to be ca lled or . addressed , f , t n w i t n two m nt hey are retai ed , a a i g call , for o hs , before If a nd n m n 2 . bei g advertised . addressed to street u ber , n n t d a s n a s but fou d u deliverable , hey are a vertised soo “ n 3 I fa ddre sse d Pos t i ce n retur ed by carriers . . Ofi o ly , t n fi t n a nd n d hey are retai ed f ee days the are a vertised . A ll are re tai ned a wai t i ng cal l fo r fou r weeks afte r bei ng a nd t n n m n the D d advertised , al l he u c lai ed are se t to ea L Olfi ce Ma il m of n ori in e xce t etter . atter foreig g ( p that from Gre at Bri tai n Ireland a nd B ritish Colonies) r e mai ni ng uncalled for at the N e w Y ork Offi ce is advertised i n newspapers pri nted in the l anguages of the cou ntries e i n w u m t n . hich s ch a ter o—rigi at s F ee for A dver tisi ng A charge of one cent is made on the m m t delivery of eac h article of advertised ail a ter , to n co ver the cost of advertisi g .

S P C IA I V Y E L D EL ER . Le tters a nd packages are deli vered by special m e s n in n t 10 n se ger if , additio to the regular pos age , a ce t i d t m fﬁ spec al elivery s a p is a xed .

T E LE H N E P O .

N e w Y ork a nd its suburbs are served by the Me tropol t n n a nd h m n w i a Telepho e Telegrap Co pa y , hich has n u m ﬁ T n - t n ~ erous of ces . here is , also , a lo g dis a ce tele n pho e service . 53

ME SSE NGE R S E R VI CE . Messenger servi ce i s mai ntai ned by the A merican Dis t r ic t Telegrap h Compan y a nd the Mutual District M e s s n m n m n n m e ger Co pa y . These co pa ies have u erous fﬁ a nd m n c a n mm n m m o ces , esse gers be su o ed fro ost of the hotels .

E XP R E SS SE R VI CE . Domestic a nd R ail way E xpresses c a n be ordered at m h t th e m n a n ost of the o els , co pa ies c lli g for the baggage n m t or parcels . Foreig express a ter should be delivered at the ofﬁ ces of the follo wi ng : A me r i ca n E xp r ess Co 65 Broadway ; A me r i ca n E u r o ea n E x r ess B a ldwin B 85 ﬁ 53 p p ( rothers of ce , w B e r muda a nd N ew Y or k E x r ess 15 Mu r Broad ay ; p , ’ ray street ; C onta nsea u s R a pid F or eig n E xp r ess Co 7 1 ’ w 5 o s Broad a y a nd 6 3 S ixt h ave nue ; Cu ta ja r dc C .

E x re ss 55 a nd 57 Da v i es T u r ner 56 C o. p , Beaver street ; , , A m r a n F or e i a n E u r a s 40 e i c n d o e n E x r es C o. , g p p , Broad ’ wa E L osee s E ur o ea n E x r ess 111 w y; . p p , Broad ay , m n F or e i n E x r ess o L m 15 M C . base e t ; g p ( i ited), urray t H a m ton J r (it: o E x r ess 40 E n . G . stree ; p p , xcha ge place ; H ensel B r u chma n <9 L or ba cher 25 W i m , , ill a street ; L a n es E u r o e a n E x res s 49 E n Jlfor r is g p p , xcha ge place ;

E ur o e n di A m r i ca w F . a E x r e s o 1 R . e n s C . 8 p p , Broad ay ; ’ ’ Dou nn dc C o s F or e i n E x r ess 20 E n g g p , xcha ge plac e ’ a nd 65 t P itt ct; cott s F or ei n E x r ess Beaver stree ; S g p , ’ 3 5 a nd 3 7 w S cott s F or ei n Deli ver 157 Broad ay ; g y, B w S te li ch c€° B a ese E n 76 road ay ; g ( uropea Parcel), W m T he I n te r na ti ona l E x r ess 4 7 illia street : p , Broad wa T he T r a ns tla nti c E r s e r knile 3 1 a nd 3 a x es . T 3 y; p (J ), ' w i ted F or i n E r 1 w n e x ess C o . 7 B road ay ; g p , Broad ay a nd 659 S nu Un i ted S ta tes E x r ss o 49 e C . ixth ave e ; p , w U iv l E x r 85 n e r s a es . 30 s M C o . Broad ay ; p , J etzger , ’ w Wel/s F a r o (3 C o s E u r o ea n E x r ess 63 Broad ay ; , g p p , w Broad ay . A rrre r ica n E C o . n E o U S t . The x press , ited ates xpress C a nd W 85 C o n s i n t el ls , Fargo . , have bra che various par s of the city .

T E LE R AP H A N D AT G CAB LE R E S .

a nd w Teleg raph cable rates are apt to vary , b u t ill n n a t n i n w ge erall ybe fou d or ear the rates g ve belo , 54

w h e ne w in forc e v e n hich are t os . These gi e a good g t he o f n in N e w Y a nd eral idea of cost telegraphi g ork , fro m N e w Y ork t o o ther poi nts in t he U nited S tates a nd n d a nd r n n s E in Ca a a , other fo eig cou trie . xcept cable “ ” m m d d s s a nd n t essag es the place fro , ate . a dre sig a ure not I n m r w are c harged for . cable essages eve y ord w t n t he n fo r ri te by se der i s charged . W n Un n wh The ester io , ich is the largest telegraph m n in Un S t t m n ﬁ co pa y the ited a es , h as its ai of ce at w a nd De n n fﬁ Broad ay ystreet . The pri cipal bra ch o ces ,

Fift h ave nue a nd T we nty - third st reet a nd 16 B road nn n m t w t he m n street , are co ected by p e u a ic tubes ith ai ﬁ n ﬁ in n of ce . There are bra ch of ces the pri cipal hotels ,

n - ofﬁ c e a nd w t n a nd a t excha ges , the post rail ay sta io s , m n n t in Da a nd n ﬁ : a y other poi s the city . y ight of ces Broa dway a nd De ystreet ; 599 Broad way (near Housto n street) ; 8 54 Broad way (near Fourteenth street) : Fifth aven ue a nd T we nty - t hird street ; Broadway a nd T we nt y n i nth street ; S ixth ave nue a nd Forty - seve nth street ;

1 4 E n - f h 3 ast O e Hu ndred a nd T wenty ﬁ t street . — ° T eleg r a p h R a tes R ates for messages of t e n words 0 1 n n m m L 20 nt u der ( u bers ust be spelled out) : ocal , ce s ; m Md 25 n n M s 25 n to Balti ore , ce ts ; Bosto , as , ce ts ; Il 4 n nn 40 nt Ga l l 0 nt O . Chicago . . , ce s ; Ci c i ati , , ce s ; n 75 n M n a nd 40 n vesto , Texas , ce ts ; o treal Quebec , ce ts ; w m 50 c n t N e n La 60 n . O rlea s , . , ce ts ; O aha , Neb , e s ;

P a 25 n S t . 20 n i tt . Philadel phia , ce ts ; P sburg , , ce ts ; L i Mo c e nts l L t Ut 75 n . 40 S a t ; ou s , , ; , ake Ci y , ah , ce ts 25 nt L . S a n n 1 W n n D. ( Fra cisco , Cal $ ; ashi gto , , ce s W ords in excess o f te n are charged a t considerably lo wer

n m . rates , as are als—o ight essages Ca ble R a tes Cable nre ssa g e s ca n be se nt from t he mai n ofﬁ ces a nd branches of the W estern Unio n a nd ot her cabl e compan ies at t h e fol lo wi ng rates p er wor d G n I nd n G m n 25 n reat B ritai , rela , Fra ce , er a y , ce ts ; m 8 1 n m 3 1 n D nm 35 Ber udas , ce ts ; Belgiu , ce ts ; e ark , n nd 33 nt S w n 39 nt w ce ts ; Holla , ce s ; ede , ce s ; Nor ay , 35 n S w t nd 3 1 n n 36 n ce ts ; i zerla , ce ts ; H u gary , ce ts ; I 34 n R u 43 nt E t—A n taly , ce ts ; ssia , ce s ; gy p lexa dria , 58 n C n n A c e ts ; Cape olo y , Japa , ustralia , Ind l 3 1 S t A m a E d r to ia , $ . o u h eric c ua o , i A n n Per u , to Ch li , rge ti e R U 2 : epublic , to ruguay , $ Brazil , 55

t o n a nd n m 97 n n 40 Colo Pa a a , ce ts ; Hava a , ; m S t . Tho as ,

STOR E S .

r —S r A NTI ITI S AN a e A B AC . 85 o 2 F QU E D B R yphe C . , 46 ifth 85 n n A A V a ntine C o . t 8 79 r w ave ue ; . . (Orie al), B oad ay .

° - 1 - r o 40 OO K C . 7 w S LL S . B E E R Bake Taylo , Broad ay ; J .

W t n 706 w a nd 8 W t w n - . Bou o , Broad ay es T e ty eight h ’ n n 5 Un n S i n street ; Bre ta o s , io quare (also large dealers r W Chr iste r n 254 a 1 e nu e n pe iodicals) ; F . . , Fifth (Fre ch ) , D n m 720 w D M 85 C o C . T . ill i gha , B road ay ; odd , ead . , Broad way a nd Cli nto n place (also large dealers i n rare

E D n 85 3 1 W w n - t d books) ; . P . utto Co est T e ty hir n 12 E n W D G. t t . stree ; avid Fra cis , ast Fif ee th street ; M G w t 107 m a nd . oldth ai e , Nassau street ( aps guides) ; n 85 E n 150 t n I n m n 85 H u t ato , Fif h ave ue ; viso , Blake a w W R n n 1 o 8 06 . . 8 5 S nu C . , Broad ay ; Je k i s , i xth ave e ; L 1 m r t S B u ste r 98 s 8 . . L eggat Bro , C ha be s stree ; y , r H n M 65 N r t G. . Nassau st eet ; e ry iller , assau st ee ; P ’ n m S n 27 W w n r r R nd Put a s o s , est T e ty thi d st eet ; a , ll & 3 r w A D McN a 32 . R n 38 y Co B oad ay ; . F . a dol ph , ’ W w n - t C S n S n 45 . 7 est T e ty third s reet ; has crib er s o s , w G t E S t e che r t 8 28 w G m n Broad ay ; us av . , Broad ay ( er a ) ; o 25 a G m n E i C . A S . S . te ger , P rk place ( er a ) ; F . tokes 85 1 2 ft n W t m nn 85 o 12 8 . C . 8 Co Fi h ave ue ; B es er a , w G ma n W n n o w C . 4 Broad ay( er ) ; orthi gto , 7 7 B road ay ; 85 s n n s ua r e a nd D A n 85 Harper B ro , F ra kli q . ppleto w in h C o . n t n n , Bo d stree , ear Broad ay , deal o ly t eir o wn publ ications . Bool s AN HO —W A n 44 W w n S S . . D E r old , est T e ty third A Ca mme e i 167 n G n r street ; . J . y , S ixth ave ue ; . Ca t ell ,

25 W w n - W Mc Cle na ha n 58 E est T e ty third street , . , ast w n t t 85 11 5 w S 8 . T e ty third s ree ; J . J . later , Broad ay ’ A N E s — e e Al a n s F ur ni shi n Good S s . C . g A P T S AN R us —W 85 S n roa d a v s . . 884 B w C R E D J loa e , ; A n n 85 o n 8 79 w A . . C . . Va ti e (Orie tal), Broad ay ’ — H I 85 w - N S m e n s C o . W n t C LDRE O Best , est T e ty hird t s reet . H INA AN GLA s — B a wo 85 Do D s . tte r 30 C D , Barclay ; avis m 921 w a nd 15 1 h n Gi m n Colla ore , Broad ay Fift ave ue ; l a m 284 n n H a v ila rrd 14 B a Colla ore , Fifth ave ue ; Fra k , r W lm 85 1 A A n n G 114 w . clay ; ilhe raef , Broad ay ; . Va ti e n 8 79 w Co . (Orie tal), Broad ay . 56

IGA S AN T oB Acco — c a n C R D . Cigars be pu rchased at t c a fes a nd n a nd a t ho els , restaura ts , the large groceries . ma the Tobacco ybe purchased at large groceries . Cigar a nd t u me r ons obac co stores are n . A R T 'rO E s — A 3 n S R . S 68 t . P . very , Jr Fif h ave ue ; B ou ssod 85 o n 85 n C . , Valado K oedler Co 170 t n R 85 C o 226 t 1 n s Fif h ave ue ; eichard . , Fif h a e u ; W i m S ch a u ss 204 i f n E n r a v i n s a nd ill a , F th ave ue . g g E tc hi —F E e nt t n s 85 C o . 20 S t g . . Keppel , ast ix e h s reet ; K la c kne r 5 E n — W n . t S n . C , as eve tee th street ; H u derl ich 85 C o 8 68 w . , Broad ay . ON F C T ION S — 150 a nd 8 63 w a nd C E ER . Huyler , Broad ay

21 W t - n t t M 120 178 a nd est For y seco d s ree ; aillard , , 1097 w Broad ay . DR E S S MAK E R s — B A m n 85 Co 301 S t n . . l t a . , ix h ave ue ; A n n 85 a dw a nd N n t n r old , Co stable Co Bro ay i e ee th r D n n 28 2 M n n E v e r a ll st eet ; o ova , adiso ave ue ; Bros

236 n - m G m 45 E Fifth ave ue (tailor ade) ; hor ley , ast n t n t 391 i t nu R e d Ni e ee th stree ; Krakauer , F f h ave e ; n 2 10 32 W w n t n n . . fer . Fif h ave ue ; S ter Bros , T e ty t hird street . DR Y OO — 3 1 S n G S B A m n 85 C o . 0 D . . lt a , ixth ave ue ; A n S on o w A n n 85 C . 8 73 itke . , Broad ay ; r old , Co stable C o w m n . a nd n n : , Broad ay Ni etee th streets Bloo i gdale 996 D 85 n 761 . h i n n n S Bros , T rd ave u e ; Joh a iell o s , Broad wa E D n n o A S w 85 n 85 C . . y; . J . e i g . , successor to T te art Co Broadway a nd Tent h street (have also ge neral house n i n E n A h 5 t . 36 S . fur ish gs) ; hric Bros . , ix h ave u e ; J n 85 n n S o 26 30 W t . . . Hear , to est Fourtee h street ; H C F 85 ill 45 C o 3 19 S n Le bout ie r . 8 Koch . , ixth ave ue ; Bros , B roadway a nd 48 E a st Fourteen th st1° eet ; Le bout illie r

50 W w nt - L n n 85 Bros . , est T e y third street ; J . ichte stei S n 28 1 G n t L 85 8 95 a w o s , ra d stree ; ord Tayl or , Bro d ay a nd 2 o 01 57 G n t m Mc C r e e r 85 C . 8 ra d s reet ; Ja es y , w McC utche on 85 n n 64 W t Broad ay ; J . Co . (li e s), es

w n - t R M 85 C o nt T e ty hird street ; . H . acy . , Fourtee h street a nd S ixth ave n ue (have also general house furn i sh n ° E A M n w n E nt t i gs) . . orriso , Broad ay ear ightee h s reet ; R 85 H . O Neil l 85 Co 3 21 S ixth avenue ; E dward idley S n 301 G n m n w S m n o s , ra d street ; S i pso Cra ford i pso , 309 S i xt h aven u e ; S ter n Bros 32 W est T we nty - t h i rd t w A A V ine nt 8 79 . . a rrt 85 . s reet ; . Co (Orie al), Broad ay

' 5 F LO R rs rs — hn s 1 1 3 dw n t . Be , Broa ay ; Ha f Brothers ,

M 2 A u W ld t n 4 1 U n n r ayer , stor Ho se ; a s ei , io squa e ; i 12 E w n ~ r r r 85 o 18 W P C . ke , ast T e ty thi d st eet ; C oss , est w nt t i r tr T e y h d s eet . P H OT O GR A PH E s — 4 r w R . 9 7 Falk , B oad ay ; Fredericks , 7 70 w a nd Gube l rn a n 3 8 W t B road ay ; Harg rave , es

° w nt - i t 6 E T we ntv - i 1 t T e y th rd stree ; Kurtz , ast th rd st ee ; S n 37 U n n aro y , io square . HOTOG APH IC A PPA AT S — E 8; A n e . . m P R R U H T . th 85 59 1 r w Loebe 1° B roth e i °s 111 B oad ay ; , Nassau w m 85 w n 69 W t r t h s street ; Ne co e O e , es Thi y sixt treet : 85 A m o 4 3 B r n1 S C . 2 oo e c oville da s , . S ILVE R sa H S — 85 25 1 . S t Blac k , ar Frost , Fifth ave nue ; Gor ham M a nu fac turi ng Co 8 8 9 Broad way ; ff n 8 5 o 15 Un n t C . i S Ti a y , o square ; Theodore B . arr , 206 n W n 3 1 t M n n Co . Fif h ave ue ; h iti g a u facturi g , Un n io square . S PO TI NG GOO S — t 60 W w nt R D Haas Bro hers , est T e y T t ; m n 8 0 “illia m t 85 S n sixth stree Hors a , s reet ; Peck y 126 S n 241 w der , Nassau ; paldi g Brothers , Broad ay ; 1 dw S 78 . quires , Broa ay ’ TATION S — n n 5 D m S . U n n ER Bre ta o s , io square ; e psey

85 3 6 E n t n 85 Co . Carroll , ast Fourtee th s reet ; Ti ffa y , f n t a nd U ni n F i tee th s reet o square . AI O S — J W 85 on 1 2 n L . . . S 7 T R Bell , , Fifth ave ue ; 85 a i 54 w E v e r a ll 236 Cooper J rv s Broad ay ; Brothers , n : n n 85 C o 25 W s t w nt Fifth ave ue Joh Patterso . , e T e y B rooks B r oth e rs 938 dw : l e dfe r n sixth street ; , Broa ay , 2 1 0 Fift h aven ue .

OYS — S cha rle s 24 W w nt - T B rothers , est T e y third w 42 E n S . street ; ch arz , ast Fourtee th street K V I G B A Gs —Ca tt na e h 36 N S AN A L N . 7 TRU D T R E , Broad wa 85 t 556 w 123 S i t y; Crouc h Fi zgerald , B road ay , x h a v e nu e B a za r du a 1 W a nd 1 C or tla ndt t ; Voy ge , al l stree s ; R m 82 t n 74 W w n oe er , Fif h ave ue ; Prichard , est T e ty i t th rd s reet . ’ UMB LLA S — S e e Dr Goods a nd ill en s F u r nishi n RE . y g ods Go . — C MA K S e w l r s . W AT H ER . S e Je e e

LAW CO UR T S .

NIT S TA T O T S U ED E S C UR .

a te i r u i t ourt — u i n Un ited S t s C c C Federal B ldi g , 85 r o w t n in m B roadway Park . Jurisdic io appeals fro 59

Un S a D t C a n d n i n ited t tes istric ourt , orig i al j ur sdictio s in civil la w a nd equity suits between citi zen s of differen t S t in n n n t ates ; also suits arisi g u der the reve ue , copyrigh a nd n w pate t la s . Un ited S ta tes Distr i ct Cour t — n Federal Buildi g , w a nd r o u n in m t Broad ay Park w. J risdictio ad iral y a nd mariti me cases ; in cases where a n alien sues 0 11 tort in violation of a treaty or the laws of n ation s ; sui ts n i t Un S a nd n i st tu ed by the ited tates , suits by agai st n n foreig co suls . The S upreme Court of the United States sits in W ash in ton g . S TAT C O TS E UR .

m r — n 6 1 S u r e e Cou t. C 1 p ou ty C rt House , City H all n r la w a nd t S Park . The ge e al equity cour of the tate of N e w Y r n kn wn G n r l ork . The appellate b a ch o as the e e a Term passes on appeals f rom th e tri al j udges of t his the ﬁ n l n m G n l m court , al appea bei g fro th e e era Ter to A A n the Cour t of ppeals which sits at lba y . d T — t l r n r min er n t . O e a e . y Cou y Cour House , City Hal m n n m The cri i al bra c h of the S u pre e Court .

C IT Y C O T S UR .

Cou r t o ommon P lea s — n C u u f C C ou ty o rt Ho se . Co ncurre nt j uri sd i ction wi t h the S upreme Cou r t wi t hi n the cou nty l i mits (act 1o ns i nvolvi ng real est ate withi n the cit y, — S uper i or C our t of the Ci ty of IVew Y or k Cou nty

‘ C u ll l l} n m O f t House . Jurisdictio si ilar to that the Cour of Common Plea Both these courts hold Ge neral m ﬁ n n A t o t . Ter s , the al appeal bei g the Cour of ppeals C it ur t — t n in m l yC o City Hall . Jurisdic io s al er civil a nd m m m t n A Ge n cases a l i ited ariti e j urisdic io . lso a a l r m ﬁ n n t o mm n Te , al appeal bei g the Court of Co o gyl eas . Distr i ct u r ts —In r° n Co . fe ior civil courts ; appeals bei g r mm n to the Cou t of Co o Pleas . S ur r o te o r t — n Ju r isdi a 8 u . c g C . Cou ty Court House tion in matters relati ng to wrlls a nd admi nist ratio n Of t nt the esta e of a decede . — Cour t ofGener a l S essi ons ofthe P ea ce 32 Chambers m n l n w h street . Cri i a j urisdiction co ncurre t it the Court a nd m n h m n of Oyer Ter i er within t e li its of the cou ty . 60

the R d a nd d the H eld by ecorder , C ity Ju g e Ju ge of Of G n S n A G n ni Of Court e eral essio s . ppeals to e eral Ter m a n ﬁ n t t A l S upre e Cou rt d ally o Cour of ppea s . our t o eci a l S essi ons o the P ea ce — m C e n C fS p f To bs , tr e w n L n a nd n n street , bet ee eo ard Fra kli streets . i m m n J urisdict o n ove r al l isde ea ors . A buildi ng for the Ci ty C ri mi nal C orrfts is bei ng m 011 n one . erected Ce tre street , block above the To bs P oli e our t —In m n n c C s ferior cri i al tribu als .

HA R I T Y C . — H O S PITA LS The most important h OSpita lS besides h i N e w Y or lc H os ita l W hos ta ls . 7 c arity p are p , est n 1° ﬂi t i i II os ita l L i n n . S na Fi ftee th st eet . p , ex gto ave

11119 a nd S - r n a ixty sixth st eet , a ge eral hospital for p t ie n ts O f a nd w O f all c reeds c lasses , ith a c apacity two h d I t . u ndred be s . treated last year cases i n t a nd n a 2 t o 4 M : S S . Visit g days a urdays u d ys , P ’ W n 2 3 M n wa d S a t ed esday s, to P . . to the childre s r , ur da s n 2 4 M t o a y o ly , to P . . Those able p yboard are w P r es b te r i a n H os ita l n charg ed $ 7 per eek . y p , oce in w n n w n py g , ith its dispe sary , the e tire block bet ee M n a nd n S nt a nd S n - ﬁ rst adiso Fourth ave ues , eve y eve ty n : d a nd r m 2 streets . Visiti g days Tues ays Fridays , f o to w n n n 4 M . n n the L P . , k o also as e ox Hospital , havi g bee n t m L n Ger ma n H os i ta l fou ded by the la e Ja es e ox . p ,

r h n a nd S n - n t notwithst a nd Fou t ave ue eve ty seve th stree , in i ts n m O n t o t he O n n g a e , pe free sic k poor f every atio i o r n 15 t o 35 al ty , c olor c reed . Private patie ts , $ $ w n W n a nd per eek . Visiti g days . ed esday s Thursdays m 2 t 4 M H a hnern nn H o i ta l a n o . . a s fro P p , P rk ave ue

w n S i - n h a nd S — t he bet ee xty seve t ixty eighth streets , as n m n ﬁ mo i n a e sig i es , a ho eopathic hospital , but des g ed for the be t ter cl a ss o f poor who c a n pay a small su m per w t n 10to 40 w R oose velt eek . Pri va e patie ts $ $ per eek .

H os ita l ft - n n t t a nd nt n n w p , Fi y i h s reet Ni h ave ue , e do ed m R m m of one by the late Ja es H . oosevelt , a e ber of the a nd n wn mi in one O f oldest best k o fa lies the city . is the t i n n o f it s n in the grea est stitutio s ki d city . Free to al l who nn It b rrilt 0 11 the a n ca ot afford to pay . is p vilio pl a n a nd ha s a c a p a c i ty of one hu ndred a nd seve nt y A di n a s t in one beds . ccor g to its l t report i treated . vear ,

in w a nd in d n - m cases ards , the acc i e t roo . 6 1

n da : S n W n a nd m Visiti g ys u days , ed esdays Fridays fro ’ M t L u k s H s it l - 1 to 3 . e o a . S . str e e t a n d P p , Fifty fourth t a 1 e nu e t nn w t r n Fif h , a hospi al co ected i h the P otesta t E h a d n m a n d piscopal Churc . but ffor i g edical surgical a id a nd n n w d n n in ursi g ithout isti ctio of age or creed ,

a nd non - nt nd acute , curable co agious diseases . Frie s of n m 0 11 nd t patie ts ad itted Tuesdays , Thursdays a S a urdays m 1 12 M h el on n 0 . C a S P M fro to p service u days at . . , which relatives of patients who c a nn ot c a ll 0 11 visiti ng days ma yattend with the privilege of remai ni ng in the w w n 5 M C wo n ards after orsh ip u til P . . apacity t hu dred a nd w n n i t e ty beds . Treated patie ts l ast year . S s t r s o the P oor o t F r a nci s 603 61 e S . 7 f f , to Fifth street , n ni n S R m n ru g through to ixth street , a o a Catholic

n n non - t n in n t n i stitutio , but sec aria its receptio of pa ie ts . two n a nd d t . t Capaci y , h u dred forty be s Trea ed n n S n a nd patie ts last year . Visiti g days , u days Thurs ’ m 3 5 M M n n t Jo h s H os S . se days fro to P . . ai tai s also p pi ta l E ast One Hu ndred a nd Forty - third a nd One H u n

d - t tw n n a n a d S t . dred Forty four h streets , be ee Brook A nn n two n a nd ﬁ d e ave ues ; capacity hu dred fty be s . N V O NT oc i E T rE s —C olor ed Or ha n A s lum L S . B E E E p y , W est One Hundred a nd Forty - third street a nd Boule a n w n vard , receives colored orph s of both sexes bet ee th e 2 a nd 10 a nd m t ages of , provides for the gratui ously cept whe n t hey are i n trusted to the i nstitution by a n n wh n 75 c n w pare t or g uardia , e e ts per eek is charged . l n n in m n a nd iii Ful orpha s are i structed ho e i d u stries , de ntu r e d n m t he 12 i to fa ilies or trades at age of . Three un a nd e n nm t n h dred sixty sev i ates last year . Visi i g M n a nd F 1 ida ys m 1 t o 4 M I ns ti tu days : o days fro P . . ti on or the I m r oved I nstr u cti on o De a f Ill u tes 904 f p f , 22 L n n nu r n O f - n t r 9 S . to exi gto ave e , co er ixty seve h st eet 400 nn m Im Pupils able to pay are charged $ per a u . be not m i n m 6 ciles rec eived . Here deaf ute ch ldre fro to 14 years of age are taught by the most improved methods t n Ca tholi c P r otector W to use articula e sou ds . y, est W nt t chester , estchester cou y , cares for destitute Ca holic children as follows : Children u nder 14 years of age in t n m n w n a nd 14 rusted for protectio or refor atio ; bet ee 7 , mm t ma t n v co i ted by a police gis rate as trua t , idle , iciou s m w n a t n De or ho eless ; bet ee like ges , ra sferred by the a r n i nd n tm C e . B p e t of Public harit es a Corr ctio oys , 62

who in h a o ft he t s the C t inn S are c rge B ro her o f h ris c hools . r e ce i ve a c o mmo n S chool ed u c a ti o n a nd a re t a u gh t t a wh o a re in o f t he S is t o f r des . The girls . charge ers a i t e mm n d a t i n a nd a re Ch r y . rec ive a co o sch ool e u c o t t n i a m m nt C ure d a t augh i dustr l e ploy e s . fo r l s ’ ~ ' hild l i l oc ie t 24 S t Ma a C en s . < a . S . y e r r y. rk s pl c e . seeks t o ele vat e poor childre n b v ga t heri ng t h ose who a t n no n t its n t i a l a n a nd te d sch ools i o i dus r l schoo s . c ri g

rov idrn m d n i n i ts d n - s p g fo r ho eless chil re l o gi g ho u es . a nd proc u ri ng homes for t he m in the r u ra l di st r ic ts in t he \Vest Under p r op e r c o ndi tion s the S ociet y 11 111 a s i t a m w t dr n t o t he S t a nd \ t I t s s f ilies i h chil e ou h Ves . h a r a v r fS 8 53 dr n It s m t nt e r a d ch g e l st ea o S chil e . os i

° esti ng lodgi ng - house a nd school i s t he N e ws bo v s li odg mg H a F i r e P o znts H o use o I ndustr ouse (p g e f y.

W t t t. a I 1 1 6 P oints M i ss i on (11 a or h s ree (p ge . P rk street (pa ge H e br e w B e ne vole nt a nd Orpha n A s l um N e w A m t a m n a nd O ne Il u ndre d y . s erd ave u e ' a nd I hir tv S t t 1 e I ns ti tut i on or° the De a a nd ix h s e t . f f Dumb E le 1 e nt h n a nd O ne u n a nd S t . ave ue H dred ix y t r t t fo r the fre a t n t he a a nd m b hi d s ree . e educ io of de f du w t t a to the m ta n the a n i hou reg rd circu s ces of p re ts . ex t t a t t h m ns t i in t he S a te N e w Y cep h ey res de t o f ork . T he childre n a re t aug ht v a rious tra des by wh ich they m a y t t m on a n t he n t t t n sup por he sel ves le vi g i s i u i o . I sa bella JI onze N e w A m t da m a n a nd One Il n . s er ve ue u d a nd N ine tie t lr t1° n by w l Ot te ndor red s eet , fou ded Os a d fe r in m m w f A m fo r the a a nd e ory of his i e . ho e c re 111a in te na nc e of a ged i ndige nt perso ns over 60 ye a rs o f a e w t u t d t i n t i n a s t o a e or na t n g i h o is c o g . creed . color io a t 1 a nd t a a nd n a i ni n a i li . a h ospi l dispe s rv or chro c i v l ds o nv s r t le 1 n a nd e a le sce nt . J u e n s t/l io . One Il rrndre d a nd S nt - t e t a n d Ne w A m t da m n eve y six h str e s er ave u e . a reforma t ory for vi cious children o f bo th sexes be

w n t he a o f 7 a nd 14 a rs t n . t e e g es ye . Visi i g d a ys a t

he a m : L t. da o f a m nt t t S . sylu as T hurs y e c h o h . ’ John s Gui/(l 2 1 Un t a a n w t , iversi y pl ce . org izes a e r excursio ns for sick ch i ldre n in sum me r a nd ma i nta i ns a

a n s a t. G N e w D S ta t n se side ur ery Cedar rove , orp . e l s n S he lte r in A r ms N e w A m t a m a n nd a . a l d g , s erd ve ue ' ‘ ne nd d a nd I we nt y- n i nt h t t Fo r t he O Hu re s ree . care of homeless a nd des ti tut e ch i ldre n f ro m 5 to 12 y e a rs o f a e w m no t rrrst it u tio rr s uc h g . for ho o he r provides . as 63

who n nd a nd m a nd those are at o ce bli , deaf du b , also r r m chi ldre n who a e dese ted or te mporarily ho eless . w C hi ldre n are trai ned in household a nd other ork . ’ Uni t d H ebr ew Cha r i ti es 58 S t M n n e . , ark s place , is a u io of so me o f t he most i mpo rtant Hebrew be nevole nt so c ie tie s in the t Cha r i t Or a n iz a ti on S oci e t 2 1 ci y . y g y, Un n in h iversity place , d irec ts perso s searc of relie f to n n n t a nd the i stitutio coveri g heir special cases , is there fore one of the mos t i mporta nt adj u ncts to t he p ubli c n m n t t i n o f In a d private c haritable i is ra ”o s the city . the N e w Y o rk Chariti es Directory p ubl ished by th is S t d i n m n n a ll instit u ocie y , etailed for atio regardi g these tio ns ma ybe fou nd

um t - n n a nd M n Col bia Col lege , For y i t h street adiso n Un t t N e w Y W n ave ue ; iversi y o f th e C i y of ork , ashi g t o n S quare a nd W a verl y Place ; College of the City o f N e w Y 17 L n n n P i n ork , exi gto ave ue ; Co llege of hysic a s a nd S n t - n nt h r n n h v n u rgeo s , Fif y i st eet , ear Ni t a e u e ;

Un t M d E w n - i t iversi y e ical College , foot of ast T e ty s x h

n M l w n - t t t street ; Car egie ed ica College , T e ty six h s ree a nd n m 209 E a t First ave ue ; C ollege of Phar acy , s w n t i N e w Y o f D n t T e ty h rd street ; ork College e tis ry , ' ° 245 E ast T we nt y - third 3 t 1 eet ; Ge neral 1 he olo g ica l S e m ' ina r r n E l C l1 u i c b l we utie th yof the P otesta t piscopa , t w n nt a nd e nt n u Un n street , be ee Ni h T h ave es ; io Theo l S m n 1200 t n n S nt i logica e i ary , Fou r h ave ue ( ear e ve eth st reet . C L B U S .

’ A ldi ne Cl ub ﬂ u 20 L , chie ya publishers c l b , afayette A r i on S oci e t t w t ﬁ ne b place . y, a vocal socie y , i h a clu ’ ' u a t t - n n h t a nd n A u tlrol 3 ho se Fi f y i t s reet Park ave u e .

Clu b 19 W w n - t C a lu me t lu b . C , est T e ty four h street ,

w n - a nd t n C en tur A sso T e ty si xth street Fi f h ave ue . y ci a ti on m ﬂ t t u a nd , co posed chie y of lit era e rs , artists

nn l t a nd a rt - t co o isseurs of ite ra u re , Fo rty hird street , t w n F ft h a nd i t n F l w r f u b lo / a l 1 S . e c t C be ee x h ave u es , ' ‘ n t t a nd r t i t 16 E t l wc nty- n n t j our alis s , au hors a s s , as i h

t Ger ma n lu b i t - t t t . C t n S stree , F f y eigh h s ree , ear ix h

H r m i e lu b W r - n . a on C 45 n t t ave ue , est Fo ty seco d s ree ,

nd P r o r ess Club S i t - t t a nd n a g , x y hird s reet Fifth ave ue , 64

' w a a d nﬂ nt a w n icke r bocker e l th y n i ue i l Hebre clubs . ' ‘ Club l hir ty- n t a nd t n t he m t , seco d s reet Fif h ave ue , os ’ in t he i t L a zr e rs Cl ub 120 a exclusi ve club c y . y , B ro d ' ‘ wa y L otos Cl ub n t - a t n I we nty- ﬁ r st t . , or h e s cor er s reet a nd t a n n m n m n a t a t t a nd Fif h ve ue , u beri g a y c ors , r is s na m a m n i s m m M a nha tta n other professio l e n o g t e bers . ' ‘ Cl ub l lrirty- t t a nd i t n n , fourth s ree F f h ave ue . the pri c i a D m a in t h i t w Y o k C l ub l t e . N e r p e ocr ic c lub c y . ,

h - ﬁ fth t t a nd t a n N e w Y or k P r ess T irty s ree Fif h ve ue . ’ Cl ub 120 a a t P la e rs C lu b w E d , N ss u s reet . y , of hich win t a n nt 16 G a m Boo h , the tr gedia , is preside . r ercy

Un ion Club n t - w n w n - t park . , or h est cor er T e ty firs t t a nd ft a 1 e 1111e the m 11 d 1 k11o11 n a s ree Fi h . ost i el soci l

i n the c it v U1110n Lea ue C lub T hii t 1 - ni 11t club . g , h t t a nd t h a n t he m t nﬂ nt i a R i s ree Fif ve u e . os i ue l epubl lu b in Un a 1111° ° zl lu b T 11 e 11t 1 ca n c S t . l e1 s the ited tes yC , six th st reet a nd Ma di so n ave nue ; membership rest ricted t o gra duat es of colleges or si milar i nstitu t io ns 0 1° to who a t hose have at tended such t least three years .

A T HLE TI A N D R T CS SP O . — A thle tics Th e leadi ng a thletic club in N e w Y ork is t he N e w Y A t t w t ﬁ ne - ork hle ic Club , i h a club house

t - ﬁfth t a nd S t n w at Fif y s reet ix h ave ue , ith al l couve nie nc e s for at hletic a nd gym nastic exercise s a nd social ’ n m nt a wn I nd n e j oy e . The club lso o s Traver s sla , ear

N e w R w - s a t - ochelle . here it has a club hou e , bo house , n n n baseball a d te nis grou nds a nd a at hletic track . The Manhatt an At hlet ic C lub has a handso me a nd well - a p

i n d n w a . r mm r n a nd t r po ted buil i g . ith oof , su er ga de o he a tt 1a c ti 1 e r a t M n n a nd F o1 t - 11r featu es , adiso ave ue yfo th t t a nd wn n 8 I a n 111 E a t r i off s ree , o s Berria sl d the s ver , A i R S t n a nd T weirt v stor a . The acquet Club , ix h ave ue t t ha s t a nd m t mn t 1 six h s reet , racquet cou r s co ple e gy as e ’ a nd h t i m n r Y n M n t a n at le c equip e t . Ti e ou g e s C hris i A ssociation has a gy mnasi u m a t Fou rt h ave nue a nd

w n - a nd n a nd t - a t T e ty third street , grou ds a boa house n 11 m i S t n I n Mott Have 0 the Harle r ver . The ta e sla d

- At t i w n a nd a t a t. W t hle c Club . ith grou ds bo house es B n I he N e w A t t n S . t righto , Jersey hle ic Club . at Berge nd n At t a t E a n J . a h Poi t , N . , t e Ora ge hle ic Club , st m t m n n t n N . i ta Ora ge , J are the os por t suburba a hleti c

N m n w m ove ber . The locatio at hich the ga es take place n u t t o n a d bei g s bjec cha ge , the reader is referred to the vert isement s in th e daily papers a nd the placards on the L ra r a d n One n wn m il o statio s . o f the best k o a ateur clubs in th e vicin ity of N e w Y ork is the S tate n Island

C a nd - w n L n n ricket Base ball C lub , ith grou ds at ivi gsto , I S . . — Cr i cket Cricket has n ever been able to supplant or to seriousl y e ncroach upon the prerogat ives of base - bal l “ ” t he n n m Un as atio al ga e of the ited S tates . There in N e w Y a nd v n are several cricket clubs ork ici ity , m n G w n a t n t m S t . a o g he the eorge , ith grou ds Hoboke , a nd S t n I n w n L n t n the ate sla d , ith grou ds at ivi gs o . B ic clin —T n t P y g he roads of Ce tral Park , Prospec ark n a nd t n n J on t he (Brook ly ), hose arou d Ora ge , N . . , M a nd E s n t he D e w L w nn orris sex Bra ch of la are , acka a a a nd W n R r w d n ester ail oad are ell a apted to bicycli g . Bicycles ma ybe purchased at a nyof the sport i ng g oods r n : N e w Y or° k t stores . The p i cipal clubs are The , Fif y se ve rrth n r w t n - street , ear B oad ay ; Ci ize s , Fifty eighth t n E n a nd Ix iorr 4 E t t s reet , ear ighth ave ue , , as Fif y rrirrth 1° st e—et . T ennis A n umber of te nnis clubs have headquarters in a te nnis court buildi ng on the south side of Forty - fi r st n S n n a nd nn street , ear eve th ave ue ; there are te is courts on n a nd in t he the grou ds of the various athletic clubs , r o f burlding s o ft he large these clubs . A u i c — m w n 0 11 q a t s . The ost accessible ro i g course is m r ma i n n the Harle iver . Boats ybe hired the vici ity of the d n m n bri ge crossi g the Harle at Third ave ue , at One H u ndred a nd Fifty - fi fth street (termi nus ofthe S ixth n n L a nd d a n d . Ni th ave ue railroads), at High Bri ge m a Gra rne rc a nd The Colu bia College Bo t Club , y Nassau , ’ nd Y n M n n A n a the ou g e s Christia ssociatio , have boat houses on the Harlem ; the N e w Y ork a nd Manhattan ’ ’ A T a nd B e r ria n s thletic Clubs respectively . at ravers I n A n of r n sla d ; the lcyo e , foot Court street , B ookly ; the I I A t W n . S n n S . tate sla d thle ic Club , at est Brighto , ; t he A n u a nd N e w e A rgo a ta J rsey thletic Clubs , at Ber e n i n fi ne w n a t g Po t , N . J . There is also a ro i g course w o n h s t t t e . Ne ark , Pas aic river The usual ra e of boa fi nt fi tirrre hire is fty ce s for the rst hour, the rate for fi n n after the rst hour bei g co siderably less . 67

i n —T n N w Y k C a noe . e g he pri c ipal clubs are the or , w t h m n S n I n a nd i a house at To pki svil le , tate sla d , the n W One n a nd K ickerbocker , at the foot of est H u dred

- n Fi fty seco d street . n — N e w r a Y a chti g . The foremost yacht club of Y o k nd n t N e w Y Y C w vici i y is the ork acht lub , hich boasts a fl t m 265 m n m m fi t m ee of so e vessels , a o g the so e f y stea “ Its n m A m yacht”s . trophies i clude the fa ous erica C M lr bs 6 n n . c r . 7 Cup lub house , adiso ave ue Oth er A n B a R S e a wa nha ka are the tla tic , at y idge ; the , at T orrr kinsv ille I m 1 E ne S . H 5 9 O p , the arle , at ast n a nd w n fi t r t he L m n Hu dred T e ty rs st eet ; arch o t , at L m nt on S n a nd A m n R e arch o , the ou d ; the erica , at y, W a nd m n estchester Co . For regattas stea ers goi g over t he r t m n in At cou se , see adver ise e ts the dail y papers . 4 ) r ma r Beaver st eet, yachts ybe charte ed for a cruise o r n seaso . — S ka ti ng This sport ma ybe e njoyed free of ch arge on i n nt B n the lakes Ce ral Park , Prospect Park ( rookly ), a nd V a n C ortla ndt Park (reached by N e w Y ork a nd n R d At n a nd Norther ailroa ). Ce tral P rospect Parks co mmodious structures with r e sta rrr a nts a nd othe r c on v e n ie nce s a nd t c a n 25 are erected , ska es be hired for n a n ce t s hour . T urf — N e w Y r C . The o k Jockey lub has superbl y appoi n ted tracks a nd buildi ngs (i n the Porn pe ia n v illa M P W t N e w Y r style), at orris ark , es cheste r, o k . The Co ney Islan d Jockey Club has it s t racks at S lre e pshe a d n n I n M nm R n Bay ear Co ey sla d . The o outh Park aci g A ssocia t ron ha s beautiful grou nds a nd buildi ngs at M m n L n n N fi n P . o outh ark , ear o g Bra ch , its rst m n n n 4 th w t o eeti g ope i g July . Other race tracks or hy f L n d E m a t n a n t . a visit are i de lizabe h , N J . The eet n a nd a nd i gs , the routes to the various tracks railroad admissio n charges are du lv ad ver tised i n the da il v news papers . n ti n Clu bs - R w n n C F ox H u . g The ocka ay H u ti g lub , a t F a r R w M w r m n ocka ay ; The eado B ook H e pstead , ear I ° E n n G n L . arde City , . The ssex Cou ty, a bra ch of the n M n E n n C . . ssex Cou ty Cou try lub , O ra ge , N J ou ts nn c a n in E n n ca ot be h ired as readily as they gla d . The n n n m m t n hu ts are drag hu ts , a fox bei g so eti es ur ed t he e nd loose at of the drag . 68

M E Y O N .

The mo ney ordi naril y in u se in the U ni ted S tates n w n n : 1 n 5 co sists of the fol lo i g coi s ce t (copper), n n 10 n 25 n ce ts ( ickel), ce ts , ce ts (quarter of a dollar), 50 ce nts (hal fa dollar)”a° nd 100 ce nts or the last n t h ree bei g of sil ver . There are also a nd a nd gold pieces , a nd a nd on A n bills , so u p to E nglish pound st erli ng is worth subj ect to varia n i n n t tio s excha ge ra e .

DI R E CTOR I E S A N D R AILW A Y GUI D E S .

’ T w N e w Y C D c o uta irrs b e side s a ro s ork ity i rectory , list n m m n m n u n m n of a es , a great a ou t of iscella eo s i for atio , t he ffi t he G nm n such as o cial register of City over e t , l ists ’ M A n f s e tc . G a d o churches . club , ackey s B C uide ’ B ullin e r s n n M n t t w g Cou ti g House o i or , bo h issued eekl y , t he t t a nd st e a mboa t rnfor ma t iorr gi ve la es local rail road , m m n n t m a nd ove e ts of ocea s ea ers , postag e telegraph e tc t i n l nd a t a ll h t l a nd rates , . These publica o s are ou o e s ’ m - a nd w is t o c on other se i public places , Tro s also be s ulte d r r R w at u ost drug sto es . ail ay guides for the w n z fi R w G i 50 n hol e cou try are Of cial ail ay u de , ce ts ; ’ a I fi G d 25 n n R n Mc N l . 5 i a d , y Co Of c al ui e , ce ts ; K ick e rboc ke r R w G 25 n X Y Z G 25 ail ay uide , ce ts ; uide , n T he t fi n N e w E n n n 25 ce ts . Pa h de r covers gla d o ly , n ce ts . C HA E R I PT .

’ ’ B E D LOE S . E LLI S A N D GOVE R N OR S I S LAN D S .

’ “ TAT r LI B TY —A L S UE o E R . uguste Bartholdi s iberty ” E n n n W t lighte i g the orld , the largest statue of bo h

’ n n a nd m n m n on I n a cie t oder ti es , sta ds Bedloe s sla d ,

S N e w m a nd - part of the tate of Jersey , a ile three quar m a nd m n m ters fro the Battery , about the sa e dista c e fro It b m th e other shores of the harbor . is reached ystea er m A M m 9 . . fro the Battery , hourly every day , fro to 5 M F n 25 n P . . are for th e rou d trip , ce ts .

’ B I n n m m I edloe s sla d deri ves its a e fro saac Bedloe , a D who n G n utch settler, purc hased it of the Colo ial over m n D n R t n n nn c om e t . uri g the evolu io , Captai Ke edy , m n the n a n in . N e w Y t a der of British aval st tio ork , bough mm n a nd wa s n n it for a su er reside ce , it called Ke edy I n In 18 00 Un S u a n d sla d . th e ited tates acq ired it

t on n u - erected a for it . The prese t do ble star shaped ﬁ t n W w n w h forti ca io , Fort ood , ithi hic the pedestal for nd a nd w t a the statue sta s , hich_ is a feature of grea rch i t e ctu ra l in w of m n me n wa s value the vie the colossal o u t, t i n 1841 buil . of n m m The idea executi g a colossal statue , e ble atic of

L a nd mm m t he n - W l iberty , c o e orative of traditio al good il w n n a nd U n S t n bet ee Fra ce the ited ates , to be prese ted m tt m to n n by the for er to the l a er , see s have bee co ceived by Bar t holdi soon after the establish men t o fthe Fre n ch i 1 7 I n t th e w R epubl ic n 8 2 . order tha ork should be n n t i n wa s i a w i truly i ter a o al , it dec ded th t , h le the n l n statue should be prese ted by th e peop e of Fra ce , the pedestal should be erec ted by the people of the U nited n n wa s n n S tates . The u dertak i g lau ched at a ba quet at L m 6 1 5 A co m 8 7 . the Hotel de ouvre , Paris , Nove ber , mitte e wa s m in Un t S t a nd the ne c e s for ed the i ed ates , ’ sary legislation securi ng Bedloe s Isla nd as a site for the wa s m n R M n statue procured fro Co gress . ichard . Hu t 70

a nd Ge n S ne S n . Charles P . to ( to e Pacha) acted respect iv e l a nd n n - in - h yas architect of the pedestal e gi eer c ief . The right a r m of the s tatue wa s exhi bi t ed a t the C e n te nmial i n Philadelph ia (18 76) a nd afte rwards i n Madiso n S N e w Y wa s quare , ork . The head executed for the Paris E t n 1 24 1 8 1 nn 8 78 . 8 xposi io of October , , the a iversary t Y wn t he the a nd of the ba tle of orkto , all pieces of base

m - w w in l M n n fra e ork ere put p ace ; Oliver P . orto , the Un S m n n n fi ited tates i ister to Fra ce , riveti g the rst piece m n t o G n w ou ted , the lef f ot . ro u d for the pedestal a s n in A 1888 a nd t he w wa s nt n n broke pril , , ork co i ued u til D m 1884 w n w n n wa s ece ber , , he , o i g to a lack of fu ds, it n n w suspe ded . Fi ally these ere supplied by a popular t n t he N e w Y lVor ld a nd t he subscrip io th rough ork , t n n m n in s atue , havi g bee brough t over fro Fra ce the ‘ n I ser e wa s n w tra sport , u veiled ith appropriate cere m n 28 18 8 6 o ies, October , . The colossal propor tions of the statue forbiddi ng its n in n or in m t he bei g carved sto e cast etal , sculptor de t er mine d upon sheets of copper (r ep ou ssé) laid upo n a t n n w a nd n m w skele o of sto e , ood iro , a ethod hich had bee n employed o n the immen se stat ue of Carlo Borro me o n a n d n t wo n a o on , cardi al sai t , erected ce turies g the L M t n shore of ago aggiore . The sta ue is sup ported by a

n u - w h w m u iro tr ss ork , t e core of hich is for ed by fo r ’ n h n n t A n w l arge sta c io s, bou d together by S . dre s m w n u crosses , fro hich outgoi g braces support the s rface m n n of the statue . F ro the foot of the sta chio s bolted r un 26 n m n t he braces feet i to the aso ry of pedestal , w nn w a n n m - w here they are co ected ith iro fra e ork . a n m w of The pedestal is ad irable ork architecture , n w dwa r ﬁ n t w n supporti g ithout g the s atue , hose oble proportio ns thus p roduce their full effect upon the be n n n n n holder . The solid co crete fou datio , i ety feet

- ﬁ v e a nd square at the base , si xty feet square at the top

- fi v e t e n n i n l n sixty feet i ches height , is the argest si gle n in w block of artificial sto e th e orld . The pedestal s ts - n n o t n i elf is eighty i e feet high , hat the surface —u po which the statue stands is on e hu ndred a nd fif ty fou r a nd t e n n nd n feet i ches above the base of the fou atio . The statue itself rises one hu ndred a nd fi fty- one feet a nd one n w w n a nd i ch , so that the hole ork is three hu dred v e v n n in t w fi feet ele e i ches heigh . The stat u e eighs n 225 t n the n n pou ds , or o s ; bro ze alo e 200 000 n In m n w . w 1v e pou ds o ey , value of services hich ere g n h e tc . t e d free , , the statue cost abo u t pe esta l abou t Follo wi ng are a n u mber of i nteresti ng measu remen ts :

Heig h t from bas e t o t orch F nd t i n d t l t o h o u a o of p e e s a t orc . Heel t o t o p of head

Leng t h of han d . I ndex ﬁ ng er Circ u mference a t second joi nt 13x 1 n S i z e of ﬁng er n ai l . 0 i che s Head from chi n t o cran i u m H d thi n m t o ea , ck ess fro ear ear

Di stan ce acros s t h e eye . . Leng t h of nos e

m . R i ht a r l n th . g , e g Ri h r m t hi n s t a t t . g , g rea es ck e s Thickne ss of wai s Wi dt h of mo u t h T l t l n t h ab e , e g T bl t W i dt h a e ,

T l t t hi n s . ab e , ck es

m o f m w Other fa ous statues colossal s”ize co pare ith the Liberty E nligh t e n i ng the W orld as follows :

J u p i t er O lymp u s Mem n o n B m a t i orro eo . Lake Mag g ore A m i n i s in t h li r u . Wes p a a C l ss Rh d o o u s , o es Nero (a bo u t ) S t at u e of Libert y

The statue m a ybe described as a draped femal e fi gure w n w d m fl n in t he u t cro ed ith a dia e , a ari g torch plif ed h n a nd rig h t a d , a tablet held close to the body by th e Its v h a s n n left . artistic alue bee seriously questio ed , m n t n t E R but the fact re ai s tha i t is , ex to the ast i ver d m m n in v w of N e w Bri ge , the ost i posi g feature the ie Y m ut a nd u n ua lifi e dl m ork harbor fro the so h , q ythe ost m n in a n V w w h not i posi g y ie of hic the bridge i s a part . On fai r days t he steamer p lyi ng bet ween the Battery ’ a nd I n w A m n Bedloe s sla d is cro ded every trip . d issio the d a nd S m n to pe estal statue is free , a pecial per i t bei g , w r m n i a r m a nd h o e ver , equired for ad issio to the r gh t m u M G n torch . These per its are iss ed by the aj or e eral commandi ng the De partme nt o f the Atlant ic on Gover 72

’ n I n a nd E n n a nd In or s sla d , by the gi eer spector of th e i D m n S t t n I n L . Third ghthouse istrict , To pki sville , a e sla d One hu ndred a nd seve nt y - three steps lead to t he balcony on the pedestal ; one hu ndred a nd sixty - four fro m th e n w wi m t balco y to the head , hic h ll co fortably hold for y peopl e ; a n d ﬁ fty- six from th e h ead u p th e a r m to th e n n t he w w w balco y arou d torch , h ich ill ho ld t el ve people . In t t he t nu m h n a nd all , herefore , s eps ber t ree hu dred

- nn n n v a r e ni nety th ree . Before begi i g the asce t isitors a t w n m obliged to check overco s , raps , ca es , u brellas , w who n n a etc ith the guard , also lets o u t la ter s for m A s a nd wn s al l fee . the passage u p do the spiral stair w w t n t t in t he ays i hi the sta ue i self is places very dark , nt n use of lan terns is advisable . The asce to the balco y a n d o ne w m m is easy , hich all visitors should ake , as fro this poi n t a su perb v ie w of N e w Y ork a nd of the E ast ’ G n I n w n R iver Bridge is had . over or s sla d , ith its gree mou nds a n d its fortiﬁ cations mello wed by age ; t he superb sweep of th e waters of the harbor aroun d t h e B a t te r n a nd E w yi to the North ast rivers , the cluster of to ers nd S i a nd n S n m d a p res the oble pa of the bridge , a o el of — strength a nd grace these are the chief elemen ts i n a vie w in which the grand a nd th e picturesque are won n n de rfullyh armo ized . The asce t through the statu e a nd n o t m a n itself is arduous , should be atte pted by y w o n not i n m n n one h is ervous or pri e physical co ditio . There are wi ndows in the dia de in from which a ma g n iﬁ n w a nd t m a n ce t vie is to be had , hat fro the torch b lco y n is still gra der . The statue forms par t of the ligh t - hou se system of the Un S n n n i n ited tates , there bei g i e duplex electric lights 24 m the torch . This light is visible % iles at sea , or

n t e n m n d - B e more tha iles beyo d the outsi e l ight shi p . side thi s there are ﬁ v e si ngle arc lam ps on th e s a lien ts t w n w t he t t n of the for ithi hich sta ue s a ds . so that the h wn 0 11 u m n it n light will be t ro the stat e , thus aki g eve n n n more st riki g by ight tha by day . This beacon is not i ncluded i n t he system of l ights for N e w Y ork ha r A s m n d m in bor . a y as bir s have killed the sel ves a i ﬂ i n n n n t . s gle igh , y g agai st the lighted torch

‘ I S AN — E LL S I L . Oflice D Th e faci lities of the Barge , n v n n di (p . havi g pro ed e tirely i adequate to spose the a m n o n the n a re he registry dep rt e t . seco d fl oor . t t a fi m n a n a nd t he a n elegr ph of ces , o e y exch ge , railroa d d ‘ ofi u e s D n n wa t e n m ‘ ticket . ri ki g r is f u r ished fro a rtesian w I 11111i i ra nt s h a 1 i11 1 n 1° 11 is t e 1° e d a nd 1 n ells . g . 1 bee g , h a i g urc ha se d 1 11ilroa d t t me t t h e nd p icke s o r ir frie s , proceed 1lo11 n S ta n S 111 t he b a gg a g e - room a nd pick out t h e ir ba g 1 a e A s innni r a nts f m a ll a t the 11 111° ld m 1 g . g ro p r s of co e t o N e w Y o1 k it n a 1 t a t t he 11° , is ecess r h regis 1 c lerks ° 1111111 1111 1 e s a f1 o 1n o i . 1 a re e i spe k six t e g ht 1 The e . b s des the ffi i a a t n a nt n m 111issiona r ie s wh o c l te d s , a u ber of o t t i a nd a re a a t o 11 i1° e a o dis rib u e B bles , lso re d y dvice t ' i u i n s l he h 1 s ic ia ns in a 1 1 11 t he ° nn g ra t . p ch r o f dispe nsa r 1 1 i 1 e 11 e a t me nt on t he t i n i n a e a n 1 spo . or sc io s c s s t r sfer n o m h ta A t fi 1 e h u ndr t he p a t i e t t so e ospi l . bou e d people a m nt a r e h e a 111mi 11 t a nt i n nt t t o o h ted , i s be g e i led free

' a m nt tor 1 e z1i ° a t t he da t a i a t t f . re e a er e of rr v l — The nu mber of im migra nts of a ll n a tio na lities a nd it is most i nteres t i ng t o wa tc h t he s t ra nge fa ces a nd costu mes of those who pour i nt o the cou ntry ou t of t his ofﬁ ce in 18 90 wa s I n 18 88 t he number wa s “3

5 83 . 595 , a nd in 188 2 ‘ ° —On ov e r nor s I 1o1 E R x0 R s l s1. . G a n 65 in sl d . acres a 1 e a a ml m a nd a t t° in c irc umfe 1° e nc e t . a ile a qu r e , si uated 1 000 1 off t he a tt 1 a nd a a t m a bout ya ds B er , sep r ed fro t he Brookl y n shore 111 11111 11 is k no wn a s Bu t termilk h nn fo1° x11e 1°l ° a w tha t wa s a t lo w t d c a el , 1 so sh llo t here i e

° ° nd nn t n t w n Go1 e r no1 s a nd Lon Is a nd la co ec io be ee g l s . a re the hea dquarters o f the Mi li t a ry Departmen t o f the A a nt I 1s a o 1 e r n1i 1e nt S t a m l t l ic . t re ched by g e bo a t f om ' “hi h l t t foo t of t e a l s ree . ' l Is a n 11 a a nd s11 a r1l e d ha v in n he l d is ell sh ded . g bee in the e a 1 lie r da 1 s of t he Du tch S et t leme n t o ne of the i a st m e s in the i 11 1 n Its m t t ° r chest p p i ce . os s riki ng fe a t in e fro m t he wa te r i s t a stle illia m o n t he 1111 1 11111 e S t

nt 1a n 11 11 1 11 m t in 18 11 w t t ie t s poi . sto e co ple ed . i h hree t s m t m w i a n n n t d O n h of ca e a es fro h ch c o pro ru e . t e se a wa in nt it t he1 s u 11S e 1 11 ° n t1 11° l111 h a ll fro o f is b , is disch rged a t n a s s i ° 1111l t o 1 11 ss11 ls t o di a 1l1e i h su set a 1 spl y 1 lig t s . O n the nor 1he 1° n sl 1o 1 e o f t l1 11 Isl a nd is t he N e w Y ork a t s e na l o f t he U11111 d S t a 1e s O t dna 11c e D a t m n the ep r e t ,

1° ' 1 ° ° g ro u nd be i111 1 o 1 e r1 1l by p1 1 a 111i 1ls o f c a n no n - b a lls a nd

° 1 b y l 11 11 n i t t l 1e 1 11 111l t i iS at [ 111111 111 1 . 1 gu s . l le h s 1 1 in wh i ch t he l nit e d S 1a tes ) l i li 1111° 1° Se rvi ce I nst itu t io n 75

m n n m r m m m n the i1i ai tai s a ilita y useu , a o g obj ects of ' te re st n w - m n s t utt cd n o fIt ie nz i bei g the ell ou ted ski , th e charger who he re Ge neral S he ridan o n his famous dash o f w n m m W n w t e ty iles fro i chester to Fi ve Forks , here his ti mely arri val turned a route i nto a v ictory for th e Un n m m n w n t n n io ar s . Fo rt Colu bus , a sto e ork c o ai i g several co mmodious build ings used c hieﬂy as a dminis t ra ti ve f t a t nt IS I of ices , is si uated about the c e er of the a nd T n a ifu h m h . h e parade grou d is a be ut l s tretc of s oot wn t m t n w k on la . The S outh Bat ery is a s al l ria gular or n n A n m the souther poi t . lthough every provisio is ade for addi ng to the stre ngth of the fo r tiﬁ c a t io ns by thro w ’ in u w GO 1 e r 110 1 s I n not v g p earth orks , sla d is a ery

m d m n n , it for i able ea s of defe se , but is prese rved as a mi li tary post largely because of th e ease from wh ich t roops could be la nded from there should it be necessary in N e w Y t m to suppress a riot ork . The ca tle fro the ﬁ rst two ships dispa tched by the W est I ndia Company in 1625 for Ma nhatta n Isla nd were la nded 0 11 Go 1 e r n0 1 I n w nt o f w n sla d , but a ate r ecessitated their speedy n t n In 163 G n V a tra nsfer to Ma hat a . 7 over or n T willer I n t n a n a n d n bough t the sla d , he c lled N u tte , si ce h is n k n wn b s n n m purchase it has bee o yits pre e t a e . A E R II CH PT .

B AT T E R Y T O WALL ST R E E T .

T H E Y — m . n n of BATTER The Battery , the souther ost poi t n ofM n n n m n n the Isla d a hatta , is upo ade grou d , the isla d n nd n n In havi g exte ed origi ally o ly to about Pearl street . 1693 n m n , there bei g ru ors of a Fre ch expedition aga i nst N “ W t ew York , the The hitehall Ba tery was erected ’ on y l m n S chr e e r s a heav p atfor laid u po y Hook , a ledge

n n m n e nd n a nd e nd exte di g fro the souther of the isla d , “ in in C a ske n mb o f n k Ao g The p , a u er j utti g roc s . n n in 1756 cordi g to a descriptio of the city , this battery was built of stone a nd the merlons of ceda r joi n ts ﬁlled

in a nd m n n n - nn n m with earth , ou ted i ety two ca o . Fro n m this poi t the British evacuated New York , Nove ber 25 1 83 , 7 .

The water - fron t wa s origi nally at what is now Pearl a n d W n a n d h subse street , ater , Fro t Sout streets were n m n in m m que tly for ed by ﬁlli g . Si ilarl y uch of the m is now ub Battery was ade . It largely occupied as a p - on e lic park with thirty acres richly laid out , well shaded a nd n b z i n l n O pe to all the sea ree es . I t was co o ial days m n b o f n the ost fash io a le part th e city, li ed with resi d of l z n n n con euces wea thy c iti e s . These were lo g si ce in fﬁ d n m n or verted to o ce buil i gs , issio houses ware

m n - n . n h houses Here are the South , Ha ilto , Thirty i t n B a R d a nd n n Street (Brookly ), y i ge State Isla d Ferries ’ a nd b for b a nd G n nd the oats Ellis, Li erty over or s Isla . All the elevated roads have their southern termi nus at n this poi t . B a r e ice — n of a n n on g Ofi . The first buildi g y ote the f n w Ofli ce water ro t est of t he ferries , is the Barge . Here are a branch office of the Surveyor of the Port a nd the he a d ua r te r s of m n a nd n q the Custo s I spectors , here duri g the i n terval betwee n the abando nment of Castle Garde n 77

t h n l n a nd e occupa cy of Ellis Is a d , was the depot for the mm n landi ng of i igra ts . Hos ita l — n fﬁ U M a r i ne . n S . . p Adjoi i g the Barge O ce on U n M n the east side is the ited States ari e Hospital . t en n Here here is a disp sary , the h ospital bei g at Staple n o m m n t on n . f n , State Isla d Sailors the A erica ercha t marine are entitled to free treatme n t at this dispe nsary a nd me n n m n a nd hospital . Here for the reve ue ari e for — n a r e m n a nd n the life savi g service exa i ed , pilots u dergo

m n n for - n n fﬁ a special exa i atio color bli d ess . The o ce n m n registers about six hu dred visits a o th . Next to the Barge Ofﬁ ce on th e west side is the lan d ’ in for n n n g the boat to Bedloe s Isla d (p . Adj oi i g this is a n L - sha ped basi n where the Battery boatmen keep

- b n m n n row oats , h oldi g fro twelve to fourtee perso s , the n a n B n a nd charge bei g hour . etwee here Castle G n ﬁ ne - m one b arde is a sea wall , fro which has a super w a nd c a n n m vie over the water , watc h the l ively pa ora a of - - m a nd n ferry boats, tow boats , stea ers, tugs saili g t craf . Ca stle a r den —C n w n u n G . astle Garde , hich sta ds po

- n the n of 18 90 n n this sea wall , was u til spri g the la di g mm n n of mm n b n place for i igra ts , t h e co trol i igra ts ei g the n taken from the State authorities by the Un ited G n m n n States over e t . It was erected duri g th e war of 18 12 n a nd as a fortificatio , was reached by a bridge , but — a fterwards the space between it a nd the shore was filled i n n m c on . Bei g co paratively useless as a fort , it was n mm n H t 16 18 28 verted i to a su er garde . ere , Aug us , , Lafayette landed u pon a carpeted stairway u n der a n h a a nd In arc decorated with fl gs wreathed with laurels . t he n n a n mm n n n n n eve i g i e se balloo , represe ti g a k igh t m n n m n m ou ted upo the fa ous racer Eclipse , was se t u p fro G n In 18 32 n t n a nd in 18 48 the arde . Preside Jackso , n n h a nd m 7 Preside t Tyler held receptio s ere , Septe ber , 18 50 nn n m m a n u n , Je y Li d ade her A eric deb t u der th e m n m n o f B n m n a age e t P . T . ar u . I t was ope ed as a n n d mm n i n 18 55 l a di g epot for i igra ts August , . The first i mmigran ts who passed through it came on the German ’ E ur o a a nd a f m n bark p , walked shore ro the vessel s ga g n pla k . ' P zer A — n G n w . C s Beyo d a tle arde is Pier A , here the P a tr ol a n d n police boat has its l i g . At the pier are the 78

of n n - u headquarters two police preci cts , th e Twe ty fo rth

a nd w n - a nd m n of . the T e ty eighth , the Depart e t Docks

P a tr ol n of n - f n The is the statio the Twe ty ourth Preci ct , w t m hic h is hus always aﬂoat . Besides the stea boat this

n t n r ow- con preci c has seve boats , four of which are tinua ll on n n out fo r y patrol alo g the wharves , looki g mu le r s a nd for a nd g g , river thieves , lost articles d of d n n n ur isdic suici es , or cases acci e tal drow i g . The j t n of h R b n R f io the preci nct extends as far sout as o i s ee , a nd u p the Hudson a nd E a st river to the en ds of the n On P a tr ol fi n e fi r e u m city bou daries . the are p ps , which have often bee n brought i nto successful requisitio n n con fl a r a t io ns n n quelli g g alo g shore . The preci ct has also done capital service in suppressi ng muti nies on n in t he a nd i n n vessels a chored harbor , restori g order n n w n in upo excursio boats , here free fights have bee

n - n m r progress . The Twe ty eighth Preci ct does i po tan t duty in pa tr oling the docks a nd bulk - heads on the t n a nd on west side u p to Four ee th street , the east side ’ 25 G n to Pier at ouver eur s Slip . ’ Adj oi ning Pier A is the Iron Steamboat Company s a nd n on W P ier 1 Pier , ext to this , est street , is occupied by the Pe nn sylva nia R ailroad Company as a freight n n a n n depot . This cor er gives the stra ger excelle t idea o f the e normous a mou nt of busi ness tran sacted alo ng n B a nd u the water fro t . ales, cases , barrels are heaped p on a nd z n of a nd a n this pier, do e s carts dr ys are e gaged in n a n n n r All m n y loadi g d u loadi g f ei g ht . is see i gl b a nd n s n a nd i t n n ustle co fu io , y everythi g is co ducted n m accordi g to a syste . The ele va t e d railroad run s in a n u n dulati ng li n e through

n G n - the Battery i to ree wich street . Near the sea wall between the Barge Ofﬁ ce a nd Castle Garden is a ban d n n n in mm a n d on sta d where co certs are give su er, suc h occasion s there is a n i mme nse ou t pouri ng of h u man ity m w o f n fro the lo er wards the city . The Battery is bou ded on n t h n the orth by State s reet , whic sweeps arou d to W T of h est street . o the east Sout Ferry , South street begi ns a nd Whitehall street leads directly up from the B n G n ferry to owli g ree . — BATTERY T O BOW LING Ga m a Betwee n the ferry a nd

B n G n of bu t owli g ree are several the oldest city streets , 79

nn n in n ma before begi i g a tour this directio , it ybe well for the visitor to take a glan ce dow n S ou th s tr e e t where a perfect forest of masts will give him a n e xcellen t i dea of m n of n on m the vast a ou t shippi g carried fro th is port .

of M a nd C oe ntie s At the foot oore street , also at Slip , m b ut n m in both of the a short dista ce fro South Ferry , n m n —b a nd m i t u erable ca al oats barges are oored , for is here that most of the large tows are made up or dis e rse d p . Moore street is partic ularly i nteresti ng because the t on n h f firs wharf of the ci ty was built its li e . This w ar m n n 1644 a nd n m is e tio ed as early as , exte ded fro the n n n prese t Pearl street , whose orth side the touched the n n o ut m b n n river , o ly far e ough to ake possi le the la di g a nd m b In 1659 of goods by scows s all oats . it was ex n f f a nd n 011 r b n te ded fi ty eet , ear it Pea l st reet , etwee W a nd r m the me r h itehall B oad streets , so e of Dutch n n W cha ts had th ei r pri cipal warehouses . hitehall street deri v ed its n ame fro m a large dwe tfing supposed to have n e n 19 n bee erected by P trus Stuyvesa t (p . ) at the cor er of W l a nd W n hitehal State streets . ater street is i terest ing because it marks the fi rst attempt of the city t o win f m b n territory ro the harbor . The city sold water lots etwee n W l a nd o n n n the prese t hitehal street O ld Sli p, co ditio that the p urc hasers should fill in the street a nd protect b n b i n a nd i t ya li e of ulkheads n front of their lots . Fro t r n a South streets we e subseque tly dded . Bridge street derived its name becau s e o n it s li ne a bridge c rossed the ditc h whic h a ncie ntly r a n th roug h the middle of B road n s o n m wa s t he street . Sto e street was a ed because it first street to be paved wi th stone u nder a n ordi na nce of 16 On W l Un m 67 . hitehal street is the ited States Ar y in h u of b be build g , whic occ pies th e east side the lock n W a nd t - twee ater Pearl streets . It has a for ress like n n n t in base of gra ite exte di g two s ories heigh t , the rest of n in k n n m it bei g bric . Its e tra ce rese bles a sallyport , a nd over it t he seal of the W a r Departme n t is he wn in W r n . n b n a gra ite This buil di g is a ra ch of , the Depart m n a nd n n e t , is u der its orders o ly . I t is a depot for ’ m u a nd t he i quarter aster s s pplies l ke . 80

‘ ’ — F R AUN CE S TAVERN A short detour from W hitehall street through Pearl street to Broad leads to one o f the m f m a nd n in ost a ous h istoric sites buildi gs the city , the ’ old F r a unces n - Taver , which is still a public house .

n nn D n H u ue It was origi ally built by Etie e ela cey , a g in in 168 6 me r not . , who arrived New York He was a n of n h e cha t co siderable wealth , to wh ich added greatly mm u W n i 170 b . n 0 yhis co ercial s ccesses here he , , he m n V a n C ou r tla ndt m - ih arried i to the fa ily , his father la w n h him W n n in co veyed t is property to . he Dela cey . 1762 ne w n is now B ore e l , built a reside ce at wh at the d n 115 mu F ra un ce s n the Buil i g, Broadway, Sa el ope ed ” n n n Pearl street h ouse , u der the sig Quee Charlotte , n It its m th e as a taver . owes historical fa e to fact th at i n r m in n its g eat roo , which is still preserved , the seco d W n n his l story , ashi gto delivered farewel address to his fﬁ in 1 3 in 176 o 78 . 8 cers Here , also , , the New York mb mm n to m n Cha er of Co erce bega hold its eeti gs . Th e old m is now m On the roo so ewhat gaudily papered . s n W n n a outh wall ha gs a cheap portrait of ashi gto , ch eap pri nt of W ashi ngt on biddi ng farewell to h is o a nd of n n n fﬁcers, a pair hor s which , whe alteratio s were n m in n out m n bei g ade the buildi g , were dug fro ear the f nd n On m n of ou atio s . the west wall are copies of i utes t he m of C mm n it n Cha ber o erce , showi g that was i sti u te d 5 1768 n n n t here A pril , , th e taver the bei g kept B n a nd of n m n by olto Siegel , copies a other i ute dated T th D m 1768 r uesday , the 6 ece ber, , which eads d m for th e m n f m mb of Resolve , a proper roo eeti g o the e ers th e Chamb er o fCommerc e is to b e provide d a nd t h e Treasurer is t o h e d a nd P un ch P a nd T b c ave , Br a . Cheese , Beer, , ipes o a o , de d e x e nc e oft h e m mb n h d p rovi at the p e ers prese t , so t at it oth n ot xc d one h i n e c ma n h c e c h n a e ee s lli g a h , w i h a” perso is to p y T u c m n t o the reas rer at their respe tive ee ti g .

On m n - m n - the sa e wall ha gs a fac si ile of a h a d bill , h P n m 10 1770 n w ich rau ces issued Septe ber , , whe he

n m of n n - agai beca e proprietor the taver . This ha d bill reads

’ O n T d 2otb n a n i b e n d th e u e n hurs aythe i st t , w ll op e e Q e s e d T e n n th e E xc n e for m n a k e b H a av r ear ha g , a yye rs p t ythe u b c be b o o n S e e n ow ﬁ n u in t h e s s ri r, (late yB lt i g l) , is tti g p most g e ntee l a nd c onve ni e n t man ner for the Re c e ption a nd E n t e r t a inme nt of e e nt e me n L d e a nd h e wh o ma thos g l , a i s ot rs , y f r him h h e c m n b n please to avo wit t ir o pa y. A s the best c lu s a d

in on n a nd me n articles deal t the excha ge , are leased to b W in n ers . heat is dealt arou d a circular series of steps

n n l of n a nd su k i to the f oor the excha ge called the pit . Scattered over this room are telegraph a nd telephone

t b a nd on booths , a les for reporters boards which the

a Of n n prices are listed , B ck the pit is what is k ow as

- m in 500 n the call roo , which seats arra ged like th ose of a n m n m n a nd a phitheatre asce d fro the floor . Here grai a nd n in On provisio s are dealt . the third ﬂoor there is ’ m b n f a visitors gallery , fro which the ustli g li e of the

n m a be h n excha ge y watc ed . Of course , the busi ess is tra nsacted in a much quieter ma nn er tha n that of the

n hu m a nd Stock Excha ge (p . There is a steady , m b u t t n n n at ti es perhaps a roar, here is a certai co ti uity

n y d ff n m the a nd of sou d here , ver i ere t fro screeches

Of n On vells so characteristic the Stock Excha ge . the third ﬂoor are rooms for various Ofﬁcers a nd co mmit

s a nd in n - m of tee , the receptio roo is a large picture the layi ng of the cor ner ston e in whic h nu merous portraits f n Ab o . are i troduced . ove this are four stories Ofﬁces I n m n a nd a nd the base e t are vaults for deposit storage ,

a nd R n b Turkish ussia aths .

A feature of the Produce Exchange that is appreciated b b t 300 d b in ya ou visitors aily , is the tower , uilt the style of a campa n ile a nd reached by one o fthe elevators on the Stone street side which ascends 14 stories ; a ﬂight n o ne h e f m of stairs leadi g story igh r to the roo . Fro ba d V of a nd n n h ere is a superb iew the city its e viro s . n d out d l ma T O Everythi g lies sprea to behol ers ike a p . ffi a n d u n the south is Battery Park , the Barge O ce the dula ti ng li ne of the elevated road as it curves arou nd to ’ ’ G n G n n wards ree wich street . over or s Isla d , Bedloe s Isla nd h e like restful spots of gree n in the shimmeri ng n of b e n expa se har or . B yo d are the Narrows . The View m a n R to the west e br ces Brookly Heights , the East iver Bridge a nd the East river as fa r as the ben d which it m t a n akes owards the e st . Nearer by is the Cotto Ex 8 3

n y b d n 0 11 n cha ge , a ellow brick uil i g Ha over square . n t is of a nd W l t Straight or h a view Broad street al s reet , a nd he f 0 11 B wa i n above t roo s road y s Tri ity spire . The Hudso n ri v er ca n be followed u p as far as the begi nni ng f n M n n o . t the Palisades To the west are the O ra ge ou ai s , a nd nearer by Castle Garde n a nd the W ashi ngto n Build in a t N O 1 g . Broadway . The Produce Excha nge represe nts a total expenditure b 3 n t i n r a of a out $ , The followi g sta istics eg rd t o the material employed wil l be of i nte r est as showi ng the gran d sc a le 0 11 which buildi ng s in New York are : n m b 15 m of n erected It co su ed rick , iles iro e 1 m mn n O f gird r , % iles Of colu s , to s terra cotta, 7 » m of a a nd n a nd 29 m o f 5 iles s sh cords chai s . iles st a m b pipes . The elevators carry a out people pi a a y. The ﬁrst meeti ng of a n Exchange in New York wa s on d n a bri ge which , at Excha g e Place , crossed th e ditch n nn n M o ce ru i g through Broad street . This was arch 24 1670 a n b n in , . The ﬁrst Exch ge u i ldi g was erected 1690 of B t In 1754 R , at the foot road s reet . th e oyal Exchange was buil t u pon arches over a cana l at the foot m t hrs n n of Broad street . Fro the Excha ge we t to the ’ M n n no w Un C m ercha ts Excha g e , the ited States usto in W N e w House al l s treet . The York Produce Ex cha nge assu med its na me a nd succeeded to the r ights of v b d in 1868 I wa s h n t c o r arious o ies . n t e loca ed at the ne r ofW l a nd P n n hiteha l earl streets , th e buildi g h avi g n in 1 n bee erected 8 60. The prese t site was purchased in 18 m mb o f n m e d 8 0. The e ership the Excha ge is li it

It n r b n V - P to is co t olled ya Preside t , ice resi d n r a nd M n who c on e t , Treasure twelve a agers , together s t it ut e M n B n th e Board of a agers . esides arbitratio mm n h d co ittees for each trade appoi ted by t e Presi e n t . there is a ge neral fi nal arbi tratio n co mmit t ee of ﬁ r e m m no t nra rra e rs c t o f a r e be rs g , ele ed by ballot the Bo d . n n o f n m r a nd no 1 Atte da ce wit esses i s c o pulso y , appeal s m n r or r n l ad issible u less f aud co ru ptio is a leged . A complai nt committee takes cogni z ance of accusation s a n m m a nd r m n or in ag i st e bers , seeks to restore ha o y to r n mm t i n t n duce arbit atio ; i f the co i tee fails hese poi ts , d 1s r f r t he r of M n r the is pute e e red to Boa d a ag e s , whose n i s n r m o f n a re n actio ﬁ al . The oo s the Excha g e Ope for 8 4 .

o M n m 9 M 4 . . busi ness fr A . . to P , excepti g Saturdays ,

k - d n whe n the Exchange ta es a half holi ay . The Excha g e is believed to do the largest busi ness of a nys irnrla r i nsti ution i n t the world . A fe w statistics will give a n idea O f the amou nt of busi ness transact ed 0 11 the Excha nge : I n 18 8 9 barrels of flour were dealt i n ; bush e ls o f 253 I35 8 00 b o f n wheat ; , , ushels cor ; bushels o foats ; bushels o f rye ; bushels o fba r' of of ley ; barrels pork ; tierces lard , d n O f w a n pou ds tallo . T he Jlfa r i ti me E xcha n e f g , to the le t of the Beaver f m M 5 M e n n n 8 . . . . str et e tra ce , is O pe ro A to P I ts large membership is composed chiefly o f perso ns i nter nd in m m m e ste d directly o r i irec tly ariti e com erce . It m t m a nd mm n a nd m re ports ari i e co ercial ews , ore es pec ia llyfurnishes a record of the move ments of vessels in n d a n n m adva c e of the aily papers . It has excelle t ari m b a nd f ti e li rary , the Hydrographic O fice Of the Navy m n b M onthl Pilot Depart e t , whic h publishes the valua le y ha r t ha s i n n C . , its quarters th e Excha ge For a fee of $ 1 th e Excha nge wil l se nd to a nypoi n t in the city no tice of the arrival of a vessel in ti me for the perso n no t ifi e d to reach the wharf before the vessel

W L G - no w n b n BO ING REEN . The site i closed yBowli g G n e ite ha ll a n d ree , , Bridge State streets is perhaps m n n n the os t i teresti g historical portio of the city . This

n e nd M n n n a nd was the origi al lower of a hatta Isla d ,

n m in the n of 16 15 m lo withi its li its , early spri g , a s all g

In 1626 m wa s fort was erected . this s all fort replaced b nd n y a red cedar palisade surrou i g a storehouse , th e whole bei ng erected by a n e ngi neer brought over for

b M n n ot b n that s pecial purpose y i uit . It could have ee

1 m n fo r d n very for idable fortificatio , there is a tra itio that a goat which o nce a ss rurre d the offe nsive was able h b to fight its way throug the palisades . Near yit the erectio n of the first church 0 11 Ma nh a ttan Island (R e m n in 16 for ed Dutch) was begu 33 (p . he m 1 8 7 a n G n T fort was de ol ished in 7 , d a overnme t 8 5

h it n n Un ouse was built , bei g the supposed that th e ited States Govern me nt would be permane ntly located in N e w It wa s b h York . a stately red rick structure , wit n mn f v n m n r e Io ic colu s . A ter the seat Of go er e t was moved to Philadelphia i t served as a reside nce for the G n m n m G n n a nd State over ors , a o g the eorge Cli to Jay , m n nn n o f n ce n but beca e , soo after the begi i g the prese t

m- I t wa s n Un . tury , the ited States custo house take do wn in 18 15 a nd the present block of houses n o w occ u pied by ste a rnship Offices a nd foreig n co nsulates was put for of n up purposes reside ce . Bowli ng Gree n is the old drill - grou n d in fron t of the l of n n t r a n m one sa lyport the a cie t for . Two roads fro it , alo ng th e prese nt li ne of Broadway a s far as City Hall t n n now Park , the o her to the Lo g Isla d Ferry at what is In 1659 a nd the r e a fte r B owlin Peck Slip . , for thirty years , g Green was the sce ne of a n a nnual cattle fair which drew

‘ n m n n m n n he ld out great crowds to tow , a y i duce e ts bei g m n m m n m b to visitors , a o g the exe ptio fro lia ility to l n 1732 in n of arrest for debt . , th e space fro t the fort n 0 11 a nd was leased to several reside ts Broadway , was 1 n n h n n In of 1770 co verted i to a owli g gree . th e fall , about the ti me t h e a ngry feeli ng s which ﬁ nally led to the R evolution had bee n temporarily subdued by co ncessions on G n le a de rr n of the part of reat Britai , a equestria statue G III v a nd 011 n G n eorge arri ed was erected Bowli g ree , the s pace bei ng i nclosed bya n iron raili ng built by t he £ 8 00 a nd n city at a cost of . Statue raili g stood n n n 9 1776 n n u til the e ve i g Of July , , whe the Declaratio O f I ndepen dence havi ng bee n read from the City Hall in W m all street , they were de olished by the excited soldiers n a nd n d populace . The statue was hew to pieces se t l W f nn s to O iver olcott , at Litch ield , Co ecticut , who e wife a nd daughters man u factured bullets from W t nn . n n R n the lead he , duri g the evolu io , Co ecticut wa s n t 400 s ld i vaded by the Bri ish , Bri ti h so iers were slain by bullets made from t he statue Of their K ing Broadway ru ns out of Bowli ng Green 0 11 the li ne of the Old road which extended straight up to City Hall

Park .

N 1 B r d — o . oa wa 1 w y No . Broad ay , which occupies the west corner a t the begi nni ng of th is great thorough 8 6

not n a h n om a nd m o n O fﬁ - fare , is o ly a ds e i p rta t c e build in n n n g , but it also sta ds upo a site of co siderable historic

n . o K n n m n on i n 1 45 i terest Here st od the e edy a si , built 7 K nn n of by Arch ibald e edy , the eleve th earl Cassilis . It

u n ﬁ ne n n - da wo ld be co sidered a dwelli g eve to y. It was

n a . ha ndsome l a ba lls e tered through yc rved doorway , the d a nd m s were wi e . t he staircases broad the roo s pacious . m in n a nd n The parlor easured about ﬁfty feet le gth , Ope ed throug h a n arch u po n a porc h which could accommodate n N o 3 r W m . . n n a a cotillo B oadway was t he atts a sio , nd t wo nn h n the houses were co ected by a bridge . so t at whe large e ntertai nme nts were give n they could be throw n n o n d n n t o i to e . The g ar e s exte ded the North R iver a nd b zz G n n m were overlooked y broad pia as . e eral Put a a nd 20 had his headquarters at this house , here , July . 1776 W n n n n , ashi gto received Colo el Patterso , Lord ’ n - G n m h Howe s Adjuta t e eral , who ca e c arged with what n n the British co sidered co ciliatory overtures . Lord Howe had sough t previously to commu n icate with “ W n n in G W n n ashi gto , a letter addressed eorge ashi gto ,

T hrs m mm - in - Esq . the A erican Co an der chief ha d de c lin m n e d to receive . At the eeti g a t the K ennedy house Colo nel Patterso n produced a letter addressed George W n n . n n ashi gto , Esq , etc . , etc . , explai i g that the ’ three etceteras were i nte nded to cover W ashi ngton s fi W n n d l n a n com Of cial title . ashi gto ec i ed to receive y ‘ m unic a tion not him offi cia l title addressed to by his full , n m m n n n sayi g that the etceteras ight e a n a ythi g . Colo el Patterso n the n communicated verbally th e substa nce of n m a nd G n the letter, a ely , that Lord e eral Howe were e nr o we r e d n n p to pardo the rebellious colo ists . The A merican Commander - in - chief re plied that the colonists mm n o n n had co itted wro g which required pardo . The i nterview was without res ult other than to i nduce the Il owes to address W ashi ngton by his offi cial title in fu W a n ture . shi ngto n e tertai ned Colo nel Patterso n at a ’ collatio n at which he me t the A merican General s offi “ I n W n . n n cers taki g leave h e asked ashi gto , Has you”r n 110 m m m G n ? Excelle c y ” co and to yLord or e eral Howe n m l m No e , si r , was the re”ply , but yparticu ar co pli rrre rrts bo th o f m to the . ’ I n 178 0 f n t n t n b n dis , a ter Be edic Ar old s reaso had ee a nd n n n covered he had escaped i to the E glish li es , he 87

u r K nn u e 33 e ha d q a te rs at the e edy h o s . About y ars n r n W n n ago this was co ve ted i to the ashi gto Hotel , wh ich n n i n tur n gave way to the prese t buildi g . To stand at the head of Bowli ng Green a nd look up

on e n n u n m n Broadway , gives a co ti uo s se se of otio as the crowds pour like a ' st e a dystream up a nd dow n the a nd n street . Horse cars oth er vehicles of all descriptio m n n n i n n . are also li e , ovi g up or dow tow Broadway is gradually bei ng tra nsformed i nto a la ne betwee n huge fﬁ n m l n O ce buildi gs . Th e s al er structures are givi g way n n a nd their gia t successors are reari g their heads aloft . Fro m the head of Bowli ng Gree n the most conspicuous is the huge granite buildi ng which ru n s through a n L

m a a nd n n fro Bro dway to Beaver street , is k ow as the

W n 18 . n n n ells buildi g , Broadway Adjoi i g it is the Sta d n n m ard Oil Buildi g , a gra ite pile as assive as the wealth b R nn n m 4 1 to 45 which uilt it . u i g fro Broadway is

r a nd N O 39 Ald ic h Court . This the site occu pied by .

m b n - n n n Broadway , a s all row sto e Ofﬁce buildi g , sta ds u pon the grou n d where the ﬁrst habitation of white me n n A n m o n Man hattan Isla d was located . early A erican

n n c T i er explorer , Captai Adria Blo k , whose vessel , the g , n h had bee destroyed by ﬁre , erected four ouses or huts

m a nd m e n in m 16 1 3 . here for hi self his Nove ber , This same Captain Block (after whom Block Island is named) n e w Un r est 38 built a vessel called the , of feet keel ,

44 on a nd 11 m % feet deck , % feet bea , wh ich , except the n of n n ca oes the aborigi es , was the ﬁrst vessel lau ched i N e w a n n the waters of York . Aldrich Court is effective piece of architecture of brick upon a gra nite b n 50 11 base . The Tower uildi g at Broadway , with its

r e nra rka ble m z n of stories , is a exa ple of a clever utili atio n w of n a arro plot grou d .

At the n orth - east corner Of Broadway a n d Exchange place is the handsome buildi ng of the C onsolida ted 88

S tock a nd Pe tr oleu m E x cha n e of g , a rival th e Stock n In 18 3 7 Excha ge . , while th e New York Stock Ex ’ change held its meeti ngs in a room of the Mercha nts n now m a n n of Excha ge , the Custo House , Ope board b n n z in R n rokers in Oppositio to it was orga i ed the otu da . Unable to force itself i nto the regular Stock Exchange m m mb c ut n of m a nd roo , its e ers away portio s the bea s d ug out bricks at points in the floori ng a n d walls of the b m a nd b n n b n n oard roo , O tai ed quotatio s yliste i g at m n b the holes so ade . This ope oard , however , proved a n one n in 18 63 i n failure . A seco d was orga ized a “ W m m n illia s street base e t , sarcastically called The

- n mb n a nd su fﬁ c ie rrt Coal hole . It gai ed me ers e ough did b usi ness to force the regular Exchange i nto a co n solida n n n tio . The Stock Exc ha ge has , however , ever had so great a rival as the Con solida ted Stock a n d Petroleum n n in 18 75 Y Excha ge , which origi ated as the New ork M n n n a nd b n d n i i g Stock Excha ge , has yco soli atio with various other Exchanges acquired its prese nt n ame a nd n n m n n m n e w b urldin in i flue ce . It oved i to its ha dso e g 1888 n 91 0 11 132 on A pril , . This fro ts feet Broadway ,

d 1 b - m a n a n 8 7 0 1 . Exch ge place , New street The oard roo n n n a a nd ye n co tai s early squ re feet of space , the tila tin a nd n n of b g lighti g applia ces are the est . At 8 0 Broadway is the huge yet graceful granite b of Un n C o G . structure the io Trust . , uilt by eorge B one ha rrdsom e s t b n in Post . It is of the uildi gs the city , a nd ﬁ ne m R m n no w n de a exa ple of, o a esque , bei g wi ly n u n 72 0 11 a nd 196 i trod ced . It fro ts feet Broadway is feet high .

Y a nne s —On TRINIT C the west side of Broadway , at

of W rrrost f m the head all street , is the a ous churc h d in Un n e iﬁce the ited States , Tri ity Church , which , with n n m n f its a cie t graveyard , for s a wo derfullyrest ul spot at the j u nction of the two greatest busi ness a rteries of

W O a nd n . New York , , i deed , of the New orld N greater co ntrast ca n possi bly be imagin ed than the sense of peace which overcomes one when e n teri ng Tri nity ‘ Church after leavi ng the turmoil of Broadway a nd lVa ll street .

H i st r — ni of n o y Tri ty parish is great historic i terest , n n of l not n i n bei g the pare t the Episco pa Church , o ly s m of U n . New York , but the ited States The fir t ho e Of the Church ofE ngla nd in A merica was i n a little chapel n n for ear the Battery , which had bee vacated larger u In 1697 n W m quarters by the D tch c hurch . , u der illia a nd M n m n of F a r ary , a gra t was ade u der the title th e ish of Tri n ity Church of a parcel of la nd des cribed as In or near to a street without t he n orth gate of the l n wa s mm n a . city , co o ly c l ed Broadway A further g ra t ’ m in 1 05 n nn ni l a n ade 7 Of Quee A e s far , which yalo g b n no w V a nd the North river , etwee what are esey n n C Christopher streets . The prese t Tri ity hurch is th e b n n m n on third uildi g of that a e to sta d this site . The t 148 n a nd 72 h firs structure was feet lo g feet broad , wit 175 a nd t or a steeple feet high , history says hat it was a m e n d n a n in n te beyo d yother place of worship the city . n n M r V a nd The first a d seco d rectors were . esey the v B V n R e . n m a d He ry arclay , after who respectively esey ’ m n M r r n Barclay streets are na ed . Duri g . Barclay s u i ist ryt he church became too small t o accommodate the ’ n r t n a nd G no w co g ega io , St . eorge s Chapel , which is a n d 1763 disti ct parish , was erecte By a third d ’ n a n . . church was eeded , St Paul s was erected W hen the R evolutio n broke out Tri nity was strongly Auchmut h n f m loyal . Dr . y, the rector , avi g retired ro ‘ M r n offi c ia te d in hrs the city . . I glis , who stead , persisted in n n a nd n in prayi g for th e ki g , this eve the face of a n of 150 m me n one n m n n ba d ar ed , who , Su day or i g , m n m n arched i to the church with loaded uskets , bayo ets d um a n f n n a n d fi e s . n fixed , dr s playi g The co gregatio ff Mr n n n n was a righted , but . I glis , otwithsta di g the fact n n God n ou r m that he i voked the blessi gs of ” u po ost u n K n G wa s not m d gracio s sovereig , i g eorge , oleste . a nd It was thought wise , however , to c lose the church , it m n n m n re ai ed so u til the British ar y e tered New York . w n n A few days after ards it bur ed dow , with the rectory a nd h 1 . e b in 778 the parish sc ool It was r uilt , but th e n n in 1839 d n structure the erected bei g a judged u safe , the erectio n of the present buildi ng was determi ned n w m . a s 1 4 u po This co pleted in 8 6 . Tri ni ty Parish is commo nly su pposed to b e a n e rror mousl n u n n t ywealthy i stit tio , applicatio s for chari y fall 90

- in n n m t m n A . g upo it as if it had u li ited pocke o ey . s a m of nn be t o m atter fact , however , it ca ot said have ore tha n e nough for its own support a nd the support o f a nd rrra n in n m n other ch urches charities , y u ber , depe d n b nn m e t n . n u po it These about absor its a ual i co e , h m n m n whic reaches so ethi g like half a illio dollars . Had the parish been able to foresee th e wo nderf ul rise in value ofN e w York real estate a nd held o n to all th e n n t h no w la d gra ted it , the weal at its disposal would be ' b b ut n l it wa s co n fr onte d wit h fa ulous , u ti the actual n ecessity of r e t re nclri ng it was al most recklessly ge ner n a nd ous . Struggli g sister churches charities , educa tiona l n n a nd n n i stitutio s , eve perso s without the slightest m n m n n of n clai to its bou ty , received fro it do atio s la d n n for n a d mo ey the aski g . now n n n The parish co tai s seve churches . These are ’ ’ n in V the historic St . Paul s (p . St . Joh s , arick n on n t n street ; St . Augusti e , East Housto stree ear the

n n - f t Bowery (p . Tri ity Chapel , Twe ty i fth stree ’ Chr sostom s n n n near Broadway ; St . y Seve th ave ue a d n —n n h n b n n Twe ty i t street ; St . A g es uildi g at Ni th ’ N n - fi r s a nd n a nd t . n o n ave ue i ety street ; St Cor elius s , ’ n h n . Gover or s Isla d Pews are free , wit the exception of in n a nd i n those Tri ity Chapel , others the Older churches n n held by i herita ce . F o r many years Tri nity Churc h at the head of Wall stree t has been a n Object of v e ne r a tiorr to the citi z e ns of W R ide in i N e . . n entu r w York . A writer ( H g , the C y magaz i ne) ha s well ex pressed these feeli ngs in the fol “ n : n lowi g words There are few perso s , believers or infi dels not a n ff n n in , who do possess a ectio ate i terest ’ ‘ n Its in m Old Tri ity . h istory is , a easure , the history F or n r of the city . over two hu dred years its worshippe s n m n z n m n m have i cluded the ost ho ored citi e s , a y of wh o have go n e from their seat s in the n aves to graves in the m n . n n burial grou d outside I t h as survived a y cha ges , m n a nd in m a y vicissitudes , editative retrospect we see l n of ma ny pictures the vista its past . The first build in a t he a nd now g was outside the u pper g te of city , the e x tr e rrrit Un K site is near the lower y. der th e i ng a nd n R o ne a nd u der the e public , it has existed for purpose , t d n b n i tha is expresse whe , a ove the o se of the traffic a n m in h n that plies rou d it, the chi es its hig steeple ri g 91

m m n I n n t out their elodious procla atio s . th is vici i y m m n n Broadway is crowded to excess . Fro early or i g u nti l late at night busy or carewor n b usi ness men haste n past the church or pause to tal k in it s shadow ; a nd th e ﬁ ne gothic pile of brow n sa ndsto ne comme morati ng the gene rations associated wit h it c a n hardly fail to awaken a thought Of more enduri ng thi ngs than the commerce h m t h r m n n a nd whic i” pels ese eage ercha ts , ba kers brokers .

i r n d n t i or — n u n E x ter o a I er . Tri ity Church b ildi g is co nsidered one of the ﬁ nest speci me ns of Gothic arch i

-in a n d i n of m n n m tecture the city , spite the a y e or ous structures devoted to secular purposes which have spru ng

in rre i hh orhood m n m n up its g , it still re ai s the ost i ter esti ng a nd most co nspicuous building in the lower part d a r n n of . n a n e the city It is ope daily , visitors co sta tly

n n a nd n ou t of M n of e teri g goi g the gate . a y these n in m b visitors are stra gers the city , attracted si ply y of n curiosity , but others leave their places busi ess or i nterrupt their walk for the purpose of spe ndi ng a few m m n in e n in n b o e ts d votio this ve era le structure . Per haps the contrast betwee n the world outside a nd this sanctuary is a ll t he gre ater for the fact that th e turmoil

’ of B d a nd W r' ee h ot n roa way all st t is e tirely sh ut out , n n of n but is heard like the co sta t roar a dista t cataract . Th e groi ned roof is supported byrows of carved Goth ic colum ns ; dayligh t is warmed a nd ton ed by the richly

n nd n n a nd stai ed wi ows by which it e ters the i terior, the

f a nd ff e nd O ff beauti ul altar reredos e ectively the vista .

a nd m m o f W m The altar reredos , e orials the late illia b n B . Astor, were erected yhis so s . Th e altar is of pure white marble with shafts of red u pon whrch are capitals 111 f d n carved oliated esig s . These shafts divide the r n a nd n n n of n f o t sides i to pa els . The desig th e ce tral n n d n M a in m pa el i clu es passio ﬂowers , a ltese cross osaic c a nre os a n d mb set with , a Chri s t head , sy ols of the n n n n n Eva gelists . It is ﬂa ked by two k eeli g a gels . 92

of l in m m n Of Ears wheat , a so osaic , for the carvi gs the n n n in n other pa els . The cor ice is desig ed grape vi es n h of m b a nd i laid wit five crosses red ar le , sup ports a m b b n m a r white arble sla . The su per altar is red Lis o ” ble a nd on ol ! ! ! , its face are th e words H y Holy Holy i m 0 11 a n n n m n n osaic . each side there is exte sio for i g l n n of a nd a shelf a o g the whole le gth the reredos , n o t desig ed for the reception f flowers at fes ivals . The is o f n n in d n reredos Cae sto e carved foliated esig s , the n i n G In whole bei g n perpe dicular othic style . the base are three square panels filled with colored mosaic c on v e ntiona l n b n n desig s . A ove the super altar seve pa els o fwhite marbl e sc ulptured i n alto relievo sh o w sce ne s in th e li fe of Christ i mmediately p recedi ng a nd s ub s equent n to the Last Su pper . Buttresses divide this reredos i to three bays co n spicuous on either are statuettes of n n the twelve apostles . The ce ter piece represe ts the n a nd n t he nd crucifixio , at the poi ts of buttresses sta m n t a rn bou rine s a nd tinrbr a ls seraphi s playi g , lutes . Behi nd the reredos is a large stai ned glass wi ndo w with o f a nd pictures Christ th e a postles , Th e stee ple a nd spire of Tri nity Church are 284 feet n O f e m o ne o f high . The asce t this st eple was for erly the n n n usual i cide ts of a visit to New York , but stra gers are 110 lo nger admitted u n less they obtai n a permit from the ’ f in n n rector , whose O fice is the buildi g behi d St . Paul s n V ma n C hurch , cor er of esey street , where he ybe see M It ma d m 1 3 . . fro t o P ybe sai , however, th at per m n on in a nd its are gra ted ly special cases , that , as a n for m n rule , applicatio s the would o ly be a waste of m m is o ne of n ti e . The view fro this steeple the fi est to in n one l u be had the city . To the orth ooks straight p d G Broa way to race C hurch . The crowds belo w are so small that they look like swarms of bugs rather than m n b n a nd a nd m m hu a ei g s , horse cars vehicles see ovi ng in o pposite directio ns with a regularity al most resembli ng O f n files soldiers . Broadway is about the o ly street that ca n n in d n be disti guished this irectio . The city looks of - m n n n like a desert house tops , the o oto ous li e ofwhic h b n n a nd b mn is roke o ly here there ychi eys , wreaths of m a nd n white s oke spires . Looki g toward the North river one sees right dow n u pon th e decks of saili ng ves nd n a nd sels a schoo ers , across the r iver, beyond the 93 h eig hts behi nd Jersey City a nd Hoboken are the O range nd n Mou ntai ns a th e Jersey Highla ds . To the south is n n m l n the gliste i g harbor with its e erald is a ds , the gate Of a nd in the m n n way the Narrows , extre e dista ce Sa dy n W n Hook a nd the ocea . Eastward all street ru s like a m n the r 1v e r n n n Off ere la e to , Brookly Heights rou di g the view . M r W m W nn n . illia aldorf Astor is pla i g to erect as a m m n n b e orial to h is father , the seco d Joh Jaco Astor , a nz n massive bro e gateway to the Old church . Th e pla in cludes a massive pair of bro nz e doors to the fro nt e rr n a nd n n n to tra ce swi gi g i ward . These doors are bear e n f m a nd a nd to n d d sig s ro sacred history allegory , i clu e th e fi nest features of the famous Baptistry gate s of n Flore ce .

T he Gr a ve a r d — n e n y As i t resti g as the church itself , a nd possibly more i nteresti ng to strangers is the grave nd h n n yard in which it sta s . Several eadsto es i this date m n n back to th e ti e of the ﬁrst Tri ity Church buildi g . Arou nd the walls of the church are se pulc hur e s a nd

m s n m n m n n the vaults . The o t co spicuous o u e t ear

f n m a n U n n o . . . e tra ce is that Captai Ja es L wre ce , S N h which is near the sout gate .

m n m n n in Th is o u e t sta ds a square plot of grass , sur n n n d rn t n n rou ded by ch ai s suspe de fro eight rophy ca no . in m o in n n a nd I t is the for f a sarcophagus brow sto e , is ﬁ i l nra ssiv e a n In e nd o tt ng y d effective . the east f the a n n a nd a nd - on bier are carved a chor laurel wreath , the n of o O rr n of west e d part a sloop f war . the orth face the bu t n n n pedestal is a laudatory , u exaggerated i scriptio , ’ h n n 111 whic tells also the leadi g eve ts the hero s career . In m e moryof Captai n James Lawren c e of the United S tates N v wh o f l on l st da o fJ ne 1813 in th e 32d e of a y, e l the y u , , y ar his a in c n b n fr i e k a nd nn n e S . g , the a tio etwee the g ates Ch sapea e ha o dist m uish e d on u cc a n b ut e e c wh n He was g vario s o sio s , sp ially e c mm n d n O f o n a nd nk his o a i g the sloop war H r et , he cap ture su ’ B r itt a nick o f P e c c k f de Majestys sloop war a o , a ter a sp erate m n b e in c n u d n ac tion of 14 i u tes . His rav ry a tio was eq alle o ly b his m de in m h a nd m a n n m t h e v a n y o sty triu p , hi s g a i ityto is d In f w a s n e m n of m ne qu h e . private li e he a g e tl a the ost g e r n n m o u n h i a nd e nd e . T o n e d s ous eari g qualiti s he wh le atio r loss , a nd the e ne myc on”tende d with his c ountrymen who should most n e m n ho or his r ai s . 94

f w n n n n The east face bears the ollo i g i sc ri ptio . referri g b m m m to his last words , which have eco e al ost a otto with the American navy: The heroi c c ommande r o f the frig ate Che sap e ake whose r e m in he e d e d x d w rt h e x n b e h a s are r eposit , e presse his piri g r at his h f ' de n c n . N e t e O f b n h votio to his ou try eith r ury att e , the a g uis O f m nd n or t he h e r r o rs O f o c n de c ou a ortal wou , app r a hi g ath ld l n d n D ’ u bd a . d n s ue his g l a t spirit His yi g wor s were , o t g ive ’ u p the shi p . ’

n n a nd . Captai Lawre ce s widow Lieut Augustus C . w fﬁ a nd f him Ludlo who was his executive o cer ell with , b him n m m are uried with be eath this e orial . On of m t — b e the south side the ce etery , abou half way n a rrd h m n twee Broadway New C urc h street , is the o u m en te re cte d b yt he corporation of Tri nity Church to m m n H m n m on the e ory of Alexa der a ilto . a s all Obelisk a broad pedestal a nd beari ng the i nscription

T o of inc or r u t a ble n th e d e o f a he patri t p i teg rity, sol i r p e d a s t a t e nra n Of c n mm e dom e prov v lor , the o su at wis , whos talents a nd virtues will b e admire d bya g rate”fu l p osterityl ong n u afte r t his mar b le shall have m o lde d i t o d st .

he m m f At t foot of this e orial his wi e is buried . Near the southwest e nd of the church is the grave Of Albert Ga lla t rn Of in 18 01—18 13 , wh o was Secretary the Treasury , d n b o f K a n in a n . ear yis th e grave Phil e r ey , who fell 1 62 n K r n n in n 8 . , at Cha tilly ea ey , bor New York , Ju e 15 m f n 2 18 . , , was a fa ous fighter A ter g raduati g at the Un M m n t to n a nd ited States ilitary Acade y , he we Fra ce t ook part as a cavalry Offi cer in th e Algerian war in — 40 In M n f of 1 39 18 . 8 the exica war . a ter th e battle Clru r ubusco in n my the , he pursued the flee g e e at head of o rrr a n d n n th e M f a c p yof ragoo s i to city Of exico itsel . In t n a n in a r m cut i g h is way out gai he was shot the left , m d t which had to be a putate . After his h e rode n b a b d n b i to ttle with his ri le betwee his teeth , his sa re in In 18 59 n n to n a n d h is right . , he agai we t Fra ce , e in n c m i n the d n s rved the Fre h ar y war with Italy , lea i g wa s o n r e c orrnoite r in several decisive charges . He a g t n n nt expedi io whe killed at Cha illy . At the head of the first pa th on th e nor ther n side o f th e the o f VVillia nr f d church , is grave Brad or , the n n in N e w pri ter of the first ewspaper York , who died 23d Ma 1 5 n n b m on 7 2 . here the of y, The sto e havi g eco e n insc ri marred by age , it was restored with th e origi al p

to the Episcopal fu nds of the diocese a nd to the dioce sa n n a nd n n n n in fu d , the expe ses of the co ve tio fall a m on v n m large easure the estry of Tri ity Church . Nu er ous nn t charitable societies are co ec ed wit h the parish . A large school bu ildi ng stands back of the church o n a nd h New C hurch street . Here there are both day nig t a n n classes . There is also i dustrial school for the ex e of n n n lusive purpose teachi g you g girls to sew . Tri ity Church Association was formed in 18 79 a nd i ncorporated in 1 t o on n - n 88 7 carry charitable work dow tow . This association su pervises a nd supports a mission house at nd 2 11 n i of of 209 a n . Fulto street , charge the Sisters St M m n ary . This is the headquarters for work a o g the H n n n n n poor . ere are a dispe sary, a ki dergarte , a trai i g in h n l school ousehold service for you g girls , a re ief n n a nd a r e n n bureau , a kitche garde , h ere also give e ter a inm nts a nd u t n m n n t e lect res . The Associa io also ai tai s a m n G R n seaside ho e for ch ildre at reat iver , ear Islip , L . I . The sepa rate chapels ofthe parish have also nu merous b l a m n charita le societies . The parish as a who e lso ai t n n r a n e of ai s a hospital where , duri g the yea , averag 250 n patie ts are treated . R CHAPTE III .

W A L L S T R E E T .

W n n n n all street ru s alo g the li e of outer fortiﬁcatio s , wh ich in 1644 were erected as a defense a gai n st the In n G n n m dia s , the over or orderi g at the ti e th at a good

f n a n F or n n solid e ce be built cross the isla d . i e years this fe nce formed t he n orthern bou ndary of a shee p of h n n n m pasture , a part whic was the gra ted to a u ber of nﬂ n z n m l n i ue tial citi e s , wh o see to have he d th e la d for In 1653 the n t speculative purposes . wall was stre g h n a nd n n n G e ed , a gate k ow as the La d ate was built n n n W a nd B at the prese t j u ctio of all street roadway , righ t in fron t of the site on wh ich Tri nity Church now n n of a n n on sta ds . The ﬁrst bui ldi g y ote the street was erected in 1656 on the spot no w occupied by the Custom u n in m 50 100 t . Ho se . Lo s ra ged price fro $ to $ North o f a n h a nd a n n o f the street was orc ard , there is accou t a bear hu nt in it ab out I t is not i mprobable that a n occa sional bull ma yhave strayed i nto the sheep

in s W pasture at the south , so that tho e days already all s a nd mb In 1769 treet had its bears , bulls , la s . the wall

n m a nd in 1700 H was ﬁ ally de olished , the City all , the m predecessor of the fa ous Federal Hall , was erected

- n now where th e Sub Treasury , faci g Broad street ,

n on u sta ds . O pposite it , the pper part of Broad street ,

n - a nd not was a cage , pillory , whippi g post stocks, but

n n ow i i n the ki d of stocks that are dealt n n this vici ity . In 1766 W illiam Pit t was ho nored for havi n g espoused the cause of the colo nists bya marble statue at W all a nd m n n of Willia streets . But duri g the British occupa cy 98

in R l n u a nd the city the evo utio , the stat e was beheaded

a n d in 1789 m a nd otherwise disﬁgured , i t was re oved , is n ow in n the buildi g of the New York H istorical Society.

On n h n W a nd w the ort cor er of all street Broad ay . the Uni ted B a nk B uildi n g , occupied by the First n n n wn m n n n Natio al Ba k , k o a o g fi a cial circles as Fort m n m the n m n Sher a , fro favor with which Se ator Sher a , n of whe Secretary th e Treasury , is said to have regarded it n of R a nd n m ofli ce s B e , the Ba k the epublic u erous . tween this building a nd Nassau street 0 11 the north side ofW m n a nd n On all , are the Scher erhor Astor buildi gs . the opposite side of the street is th e h andsome Mortimer n on n of W a nd buildi g , the east cor er all New streets . o f bufi a n n This i s a structure dark , brick , with entra ce in m of d h the for a eep arch , through whic a stone stair wa u the a n nu ycurves p to first floor , u sual archi tectural e fi e c t in n of the busi ess quarters the city .

N E W O OC E x cH A N GE — Y RK ST K . Next to t his is the n n t n n arrow Wall street e ra ce to the Stock Excha ge , the main fronts b ei ng on Broad a n d N e w streets ; but of course it would have been absurd for the i nstitution which rules a nd sometimes al most rui ns the country

n n a W n n not t o a n on . ﬁ a cially , have e tr ce all street ’ Strangers gai n ad missio n to the visitor s gallery by this n n e tra ce . The ﬁrst New York Stock Exchange wa s formed

n - who in 1792 me t un by seve ty four brokers , der a

- in n of n W button wood tree fro t the prese t No . all Un 18 17 b n n street . til i ts usi ess was chieﬂy tra sacted at

n n C ff - n r of W a nd the To ti e o ee house , at th e cor e all W om m u n n ater streets . Fr that ti e til whe it m n n d m n oved i to the prese t e iﬁce , it had various eeti g m n m a f a nd a n u m places, a o g the a priv te o ﬁce pper roo ’ i n the Merchants Exchange (o n the site o f the present m Custo House). ‘ l he n n n b m R n prese t buildi g was desig ed yJa es e wick . n o n N e w e 152 Its greatest fro t is stre t , where it occu pies f n of 70 on feet . It also has a ro tage feet Broad street , n n on W where the mai n e tra ce is . The part all street is

100 a nd m en nn n is ad irably v tilated , Clocks a ou ce both W n n a nd m ashi gto New York ti e .

Si nce 18 79 the li mit. of mem bership of the Exchan ge n n n m n has bee eleven hu dred . Its gover e t is vested in G n n mm of i n a over i g Co ittee forty , four classes , one of a nd i n which retires every year , its President a nd n y Treasurer . The Preside t serves gratuitousl . The i nitiation fee is or if membershi p is acquired by of l purchase a seat , The latter is the usua m b n ethod . As high as has ee paid for a seat .

" N o i n itiatio n fee was demanded u nder the butto n - wood in 1 92 In 18 23 25 in 182 1 0 1 7 . 7 0 in 833 tree it was $ ; , $ ; , 150 in 1842 350 in 18 62 a nd in 18 66 $ ; , $ ; , , n in 18 9 The prese t rate was established 7 . — Brokers are of three classes the first do a regular mm n b u sine s a n d n u co issio ” ever spec late ; the seco nd are s l n n n o f n the ca pers , who buy with the i te tio selli”g to other brokers at a rise ; the third are the t raders , who co nfi n e their Operat ion s for a lo ng period to a certai n n or n one li e of stocks eve to particular stock . A divi “ ” “ n o n n sio f scalpers are k ow as guerrillas . These in n n of r deal i active stocks . Certai parts the floo have , “ ’ n n b m n n through guerrilla tra sactio s , eco e k ow as Hell s ’ ” n a n R R M mb of K itche d obber s oost . e ers the Ex change in deali ng with non - members are required to mm n 1 n charge a co issio of at least of per ce t . Even Offeri ng to do busi ness for less is punishable by expulsion ’ n f ff n n m mb a d the sale o the o e di g e er s seat . — E xcha ng e S la ng The slang of the Exchange is a fit b n m n m su ject for a li guistic study, There are a y ter s “ ”“ ” “ ” of a nd d besi des those scal per , guerrilla tra er, which have a S pecial mea ni ng on th e floor of this i nsti “ ” “ u i n a n d b b n m m t t o bul l ear ei g the ost fa iliar . A “ “ ” f t e a n n o . . bull is Operator who is lo g stock , , who “ ” d m n mb of has loade hi self with a large u er stocks , in n m a nd bought perhaps a large qua ti ty at a ti e , who n n n m expects to u load o a risi g arket . Naturally his “ ” n b m n u o f te de ncy is to ull the arket , se d p the prices m m m stocks . So eti es he has to resort to fict itious easures “ ” — - such as balloo ni ng circulati ng rose colored reports n n m n a nd ma a e t its value , aki g ficti—tious sales , etc y even be forced to fly kites ex pand his credit i njudi ciousl f y. If h e Operates so skill ully that he raises or de 101 ” l m “ presses the stock at wil he ilks the street . Bears are those who agree to deliver stock at a fut ure date at a . n n t m certai price , lower , of course , tha its price at the i e ’ n m the co tract is ade . The bear s policy is to so depress the stock between the date of the contract a nd the date of the delivery t hat he ca n buy it at a lower price than a h m n th t at which e is to del”iver it , thus aki g the bal n n n nn a ce . He ce , the bear is usually fou d gu i ng a or ma r stock , for he is obliged to depres”s break the in i bu in e . ket order to cover his shorts , . , y the stock h e has to deliver at a figure low e nough to yield him a fi or him o n t n n m pro t at least save the ra sactio . So e “ “ ” times he is cornered by a pool or a combi nation of n the n be operators w ho are bulli g stock . T he co flict t n b a nd is a nd a n n wee ull bear irrepressible , at ypartie lar time it is simply a question as to whether the bull ca n toss the bear or the bear ca n get h is arms around the ’ n a nd z him bull s eck squee e .

- — U . S Y m n n n S . SUB TREA UR . The ost i teresti g buildi g o n W n S ub - a nd all street is u doubtedly the Treasury, this not on ly because ofth e vast sums of money deposited — — there a t ti mes 000 but also b ecause it occupies

of old o n n of the site the Federal Hall , the balco y which W ash i ngton took the oath as the ﬁrst Presiden t of the

Un n orr n W ited States . It sta ds the south cor er of all a nd s Nassau street . — H i stor y W hen in 1699 the old fortiﬁcatio ns on W all n n n m n street were tor dow , the sto es fro the bastio s were n a ppropriated to the buildi g of the City Hall on this site . m of n of f in This beca e , course , the ce ter political li e the not onl a M n a nd city . I t was y City Hall , but a u icipal n a nd of Colo ial Court House , a jail the Capitol the prov n m o f m n i ce . Here th e freedo the A erica Press was established in 1735 at the trial of Joh n Ze nger ; here in 1765 the people of New York protested agai nst the m 18 1776 n of n Sta p Act ; here , July , , the Declaratio I de e nde nce a nd for p was read to the excited populace , here a ti me sat the Co nti nental Congress a nd the old Congress n W n n d after the R evolutio . he Co gress had selecte New of n the York C ity as the Capital the Natio , citiz e ns o f New York determi ne d to t r : i ns fo n u th e ir City H a ll 1 1 ~ m n 1 1 111 1 l l nt m s 111 a ll 1 \ 11 y i o the ore i po i g . archwa ‘ 1 1 the b 1sc me nt 1111 11111 11 11 r ome na de 11 11 111 l1e 11v th ough p . y ' I usca u m n t he. 1 a b ny a nd colu s su pported g ud alco ,

1 a 111 111111 n four high Dorie pill rs 1 1 e t o n which 11 1 1 e 1 d 11 1 11 11t A 111e 1 ica 11 e a ﬁe ha v in t hh' te e u l l ca ve g g g a ows . the a n u s o f t he United St a tes a nd other or na me nta l ﬁ

1 m e s f111 11it u 1 e 111 C o n 1 1 11 s s 11nd W 1s l1 _ . The u sed this 1, i11111 t11u s desk a nd t 11hle ma y be seen at t he (wo v e r no1 s R m n t 1 oo i he Cit — ll W a shi ngto n traveled to

1 N e w Y 11i lt by 11 111 o f l 1 11lt i11111 1 1 Phila de l N e w B 1 uns wic k a nd E za b m li et h . Fro 1 za b wa s 1 1 11 e d 1 \ 1 il 23 178 9 t o in Eli eth he . p . . New York a su perb ba rge b y t hirt ee n ma sters o f vess e ls i n white

1 n f m w h b a ca 1s 11 1 1111111e n te d w t f n e - \s u i or it l ck i h ri g s . 1 ’ 11 1 1 1 b111 d 1 e 11 u 111 1 1111 1 111 s 11 h111 f ne a t he f of t he 1 e p . r oot 1 1 W a l 1 a nn n 11 1 1 1. ﬁ 1 e d a nd b o f the 1 it l st eet . c o the ells y ' 11 11 1 1 1111 11 “a n t n wa s b i oc e s e 1 . shi g o escorted ya p siou m s o f t roo s t he otlic e 1 s o f the ta a nd ty co po ed p . S te ci . 1 1 1 3 1 1 11 1 1 t he 1 1 1 1114 1 a nd a n mba s sa dor s a nd the 1 . S p ish e

z n t he P i a nkliu u 11 Inc h t a t n 1 c iti e s to Ho se . s ood t he i te n o f P ra u klin s u1111 e a nd 1 1 1 1 t he n sectio q Cl e y st eet . a

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 a st 1 ikin l 1 fe a tu i e o fw wa s a . lo el t e t . a 1 1 p etty hich

1 1 ﬁ ne e he n y0 1 11 11111 11 f i om 11 hic l1 C l1e 1 1 1 s t1 e e t d11 1 11 11 11 m m 11 1 o w na m of 1 1 11 1111 n he i ts e The 1 , the hich t t he a t a s t he f 1 Pi e s ide nt th e Un a ook o h i st of ited St tes . wa s usl1e 1 e d 111 b y a discha 1 g e o t can no n a t. s u m ise a t

1 1 \ - 1 G e 111 111 n G e n 1 \t. ha lf a . 111111 . old Fort eorg Bowli g re . p st

w . a ll in t he t A t services ere held at the churches ci y . noon t he. milit a ry p a ra ded in fro nt of the house. on

1 1 1 y a nd a t f- a - t e 111111 1 111 11to a Cherr street . hal p st w lve Feder l l l a ll w t y w a n o n t o f the . here he ere dr w up ei her side ' “a n t n a n t he n a nd ro street , shi g o p ssi g throug h li es p na mb l ie wa m mm ce e ding to the Se te Cha er . s al ost i e dia te ly co nducted to t he g ra nd b a lco ny in fro nt of t he a mb k 1 a 1 1 Se na te Ch er which loo ed out 1 11 Bro d street . N a

him t V - n n da m G n G s ood ice Preside t Joh A s . over or eorge nt n Cha uce llo1 Li v in ston R 11 1 e 1 S he 1 1ua n R a Cli o . g 1 . ich rd ' w 1 1 d ~\1° tl11111 S t C la i1 y 1 11 y n 1 n t 1 11e ls n K n a . He r Lee . He r ox . Ba 1 o n Steube n a nd S amuel Otis t he S e c 1 e ta i y of the n f he b n y 11 11s 11 t a b e na n ce te i o t . S te . I the alco le the o w 11 s 1 O n t la v 11 c l imso n coveri ng f h ich 11 e d velvet . his

103

T velvet cushion a nd on this a large Bi ble . his Bible had ’ n o m m n of n bee borr wed at the last o e t St . J oh s Lodge , 1 n M n n . a d . u No , F . A . , it h avi g bee discovered j st be fore t he oath was t o be admi nistered that there was no i H W n n n . mn Bible Federal all ashi gto , with due sole ity , n n b n h n adva ced to the fro t of the alco y , laid his a d on w m a nd a n rm his heart , bo ed several ti es , retired to a n W n n a chair ear the table . he the u i vers l shout of joy a nd m a nd o n n n welco e had subsided , pr fou d sile ce reig ed a him W n n a nd m all bout , ashi gto arose ca e forward . n n n a nd W n n Cha cellor Livi gsto read the oath , ashi g to , n n n b resti g his ha d upo the ta le as h e stood , repeated it . ' Mr n a nd t t . W n . O is he took the Bible raised it ashi gton a nd did stooped kissed it . As h e so , a ﬂag was raised n t he of a nd n upo cupola t he Hall , , as i t was u furled to z o f the bree e , there was a discharge artillery at the Bat t e r n o ut a nd m y, th e bells of the city ra g , the ultitude n u a s 1V n n se t p great hout . ashi gto bowed to the people n In n m a nd then retired i to th e Hall . the Se ate Cha ber n i n a nd he the delivered his augural address , afterwards ,

m n t he V - n acco pa ied by ice Preside t , t he Speaker, th e of n a nd h n n t two houses Co gress , t ose who h ad bee i vi ed ’ m n t o n n . the i auguratio cere o y , proceeded to St Paul s 125 W o f n n wa s Church (p . ) here a service tha ksgivi g n W n n n n n nn co ducted . The ashi gto I aug uratio Ce te ial ra n n i n celeb tio is too rece t to requ re a detailed accou t . d nn n 29 1889 n It lasted three ays . begi i g April , the pri cipa l ceremo ny taki ng place o n the steps of th e Sub

Treasury . The S ta tue of Wa shing ton which sta nds u pon these mb 1 n v 26 8 83 . nz steps was u veiled No e er , It is a bro e W nd n e o f z . . . a ﬁgur colossal si e by J Q A ard , represe ts

W o . e 1 e c t e d v olu n ashi ngto n taki ng the ath . It was by tary subscription u n der the auspices of the C hamber of f N e n in Commerce of the State o w York . Su k the pedestal in fro nt of th e ﬁgure is a large brow n sto ne “ slab beari ng the followi ng i nscriptio n : Standi ng on n i n n 30th this sto e th e balco y of Federal Hall , A pril , 1 79 G W n n 7 , eorge ashi gto took the oath as the ﬁrst n o m Preside t f the United States of A erica . — P rese nt B uilding After the seat of government of the Un e wa s emo e to F ited Stat s r v d Philadelphia, ederal, 104

b m a n u Hall was occupied ythe State Asse bly d the Co rts . In 18 13 it was taken do wn a nd the bui ldings e rected on in 1842 old C m H ouse which its site gave way to the usto ,

- T n is now the Sub Treasury . h is is a large , ligh t gra ite

u n in n n m to n b ildi g , Doric style , exte di g fro Wall Pi e O n W n n n street . the all street fro t eightee gra ite steps exte ndi ng the e ntire breadth of th e buildi ng lead to a n ﬁ m b mn dig i ed portico supported by eight ar le colu s . n of m n W ith i n is a rotu da sixty feet dia eter, sixtee Cor

n hia n umn n o f m n i t col s , ﬁftee which are o oliths, sup n m nn n n un porti g the do e , a gallery ru i g arou d the rot da . On the ﬂoor are ranged the desks ofthe vario us depart

ub - n of T ments of the S Treasu ry . This bra ch the reasury m n n n 18 62 n C m depart e t has bee here si ce , wh e th e usto House was removed to the buildi ng on the south side n e now further dow th e str et which it occupies . — T r a nsa cti ons This i nstitution received duri ng the last fiscal year a nd paid ou t m m m Its recei pts co e fro th e Custo House , t a nd f m the Post Offices of this dis rict , ro the Treasury m n for n ffi m a nd Depart e t disbursi g o cers , such as ar y m a nd for n n m n n . avy pay asters , pe sio s Its disburse e ts m of m n out were ade up largely Treasury drafts , o ey paid n m n o f U n to disbursi g officers , the rede ptio ited States b n m n o f n a nd n o n n a nd o ds , the pay e t coupo s i terest bo ds , m n ofm n m the rede ptio utilated curre cy . It will redee a nypiece o f paper money which is n ot m utilated more

n - fi fths m n tha two . If utilated to a greater exte t , the request for redemption h as to be a ccompanied by a n affidavit explai ni ng the man ner in which the mutilatio n n m m n occurred . The exte t to which utilated o ey is deemed through t his age ncy is show n by the fol lowi ng for o ne : G f statistics year old certi icates , Un n silver certificates , ited States otes , n n n Natio al Ba k otes , frac tiona l n of y in a n otes , relics war da s still circul tio , n i n It ma ybe said of. this i stitution n a ge eral way that it transacts two - thirds o f the fi nancial affa irs of the n G nm m 3 75 000 n n U ited States over ent . So e pe sio

100

d one m in nn Ma nha t will raw at ti e pe ies . The t a n R on n Elevated ailroad , the other ha d , which receives n of m n n m large qua tities s all coi , excha ges this three ti es for m of a week large bills . At the ti e deposit a certiﬁcate n n n a m n d is give , the the coi de posit is carefully ex i e , a nd - m or n f whatever is light weight , utilated cou ter eit n is thro wn ou t a nd charged agai nst the depositor . Cou t e rfe its n d ff are , before they are retur e , so e ectually marred that they c annot be passed upo n un suspecti ng n n m n of perso s . It is lear ed fro the ex perie ce this de pa r tme nt that cou n terfeiti ng is carried on to a n e xtra or dina r n m out yexte t . A favorite ethod is to dig the m m b n t wo of n a nd n etal fro etwee th e faces the coi , the u n ﬁll it p with metal of about the sa me weight . Eve one n a r e un f a nd n ce t pieces co ter eited , there is a cou ter “ nn in n u n h m N ot feit pe ”y circulatio po whic is sta ped o ne n Of who n a t ce t . course the experts receive the coi

S ub - ca n m n ﬁ u in the Treasury deter i e at the rst to ch , n n n n nt a nd early every i sta ce , th at a coi is a cou erfeit , there are also ex pert counterfeit detectives amo ng the me n who n mo n ha dle pa per ey . In the a n m r upper story is ar o y , where various weapons are kept in readi ness for a n attack in case o f of a nd b n riot . The shutters are steel the uildi g is forti ﬁ e d in n n n ot n on various i ge ious ways , o ly all sides , but on off a n m n n the roof , to ward attack fro the adjoi i g

n - buildi gs which are higher than the Sub Treasury . The m of n n syste defe se is aturally kept secret . The silver vau lt is i n the b aseme nt in th e northwest n b u in cor er of the uildi ng . Here the silver is stacked p o f s i s in bag s like bags alt . Th e bulk dollars . The m s v w m s alle t sil er coi n no in circulation is the di e . A fe w half d un es a nd three - ce n t pieces are occasion ally n prese ted , but these are retired as rapidly as they are

a s - n received , are also the two ce t copper pieces . A thou ’ n of n d sa d dollars worth coi is packe in each ba g . T here has been about worth o f silver in this vault m in n at a ti e . The silver is shipped large qua tities to the w n n is n South , he the cotto crop bei g picked , as the n b egroes prefer the right coi n dollars to the paper dollar . The general p ublic is no t ad mitted to a detailed inspe c n S u b- n m tio of the Treasury , but applicatio s ade to the S ub- u r n e Treas rer will eceive co sid ration. 107

U S S Y C ur i o — d n n - . S . A A s A joi i g the Sub Treasu ry is Un fﬁ m n in the ited States Assay O ce , a arble buildi g 18 23 n of Un classic style, erected , for a bra ch the ited

' n It on W States Ba k . is the oldest structure all street .

. n of Un M n a nd n It is a bra ch the ited States i t , everythi g n n M n n n is do e h ere which is do e at the i t , except c oi i g .

m n m n n n 0 11 Do estic bullio , do estic coi which is u curre t

n o f m n or n n accou t utilatio light weight , foreig bullio , ’ n n h - old foreig coi , jewelers bars , watc cases , plate , the latter class of articles often from fences (receivers o f

n m a nd stole goods), are brought here to be elted up cast n k i to bric s . — Op e ra ti ons the operatio ns o fthe A ssay Offi ce duri ng the last fiscal year are represen ted by the followi ng sta tis tics : in n There was deposited , gold , bullio to the value of parti ngs in 1111 c n n o f Un in n urre t coi s the ited States , foreig n in n m n o f coi s , silver , bullio to the a ou t n in n parti gs coi s , The work of the assay departme nt of this i nstitution comprised th e testi ng of so me melts of gold a nd l b m n m of fi n e m a nd si ver , esides a y othe r elts the etals , n of m n of a nd th e testi g so e four hu dred barrels sweeps , m n n o n a y hu dreds f special assays . Sweeps are obtai ed m n r m fro the retorts , c loths , strai ers , brushes , b oo s , a nd a t dusters , other articles which are p to catch silver o r m in a n m n or gold dust , to beco e yway i preg ated with 1 e c i ous m u i n ffi the p etals sed the Assay O ce . These are 1 ound u i n b 1 1 a nd 1 f1 om g p, placed a els , assa s each b 1 1 m d e te 1 1 n 1 a el a e so as to d mi1 e its ge e al v a lue . The ba1 rels m e the n put u p at anot 1o u a nd sold to the highest dd of n m bi er , a report the assays bei g first ade to the d bi ders .

111 the. melti ng a n d reﬁ ni ng departme nt there were n t 2 n 1 reﬁ ed las year by acid , gross ou ces . The e we 1 e prepared a nd de 11\ e 1 e d to the s upe 1 int e 11de nt b i o f a nd 25 993 1 o f 1 o f a s gold , ba s silve a total 44 22 b a nd 1 255 n of sul hm ic , 7 ars ; pou ds p acid were m n o e 1 a tions a nd 545 o n of used the parti g p , p u ds n n 129 913 n v it1 io w o spe t acid a d , pou ds of blue l ere s ld 108

n the z n - one t duri g year, reali i g Sixty hou sand o unces of silver from the acid refi nery were used 1 in n d ove parti g gold eposits . The melter a nd 1 e fi ne r ope 1 a te d during the year on 970 792 n n o f d a nd n s , sta dard ou ces gol retur ed a u1 plus f4 1 3 n m ffi o 6 94 n . , sta dard ou ces The sa e o cer Operated on 4 s ta nda 1d n of a nd 1 e tu , ou ces silver 1 ne d a n of n n ba 1 s of excess sta dard ou ces . The precious metal 1 e fi ne d here are sold la 1g elyt o ma nu fa ctu 1 ing e we le 1 s a 1 e n m n f0 1 n a nd a 1 e j , se t to the i ts coi age , also used as exchan ge when the rate o f exchange reaches 1s n n 111 n n c i 1cle s n n what k ow fi a cial as the shippi g poi t . u t —In v a n] 5 ofthe m Va l s . th e Assay Office illio ns of ’ dollars wo1 th o fgold a nd silve 1 is piled u p in bricks of v a 1 ious si zes 1 a ngi ng in value f1 om $ 100 to l 0 11 n of n on The gold vau t , the grou d floor the buildi g W l m a nd the all street side , is a ittle roo , yet it will hold of worth gold . — R efi ni ng The most i nteresting operatio n to the v isi tor is u ndoubtedly the refini ng depart me nt on the Pi ne n T he b n n street side of the buildi g . ullio bei g received on the n 1 n n m grou d floor , is he e gra ulated by bei g elted in b a r n th 1o wn i n n n cruci les d the to water . Havi g bee

1a n u1a te d n t o the - m on t o g , it is se t up acid roo the p it n m in ﬂoor , where is boiled seve ti es sulphuric acid . m n m a n This eli i ates the silver fro the gold , le vi g the

in in fi lte r - gold a dirt colored powder a box , but a box of this dirt is worth ab out The powder hav in n n a nd g bee thoroughly washed , is placed i to a press , , n of n n m t u der a pressure two h u dred to s , the ois ure is z out of a nd m m squee ed it , the powder assu es the for of n It n e n a rou d cake . is the r ady to be refi ed . Silver nd m m t m n n n u ergoes a ore co plicated reat e t . Havi g bee b in a nd m n m oiled sul phuric acid el i i ated fro the gold , it ru ns dow n i n a liquid form as sulphate of silver the b w through pi pes to story elo , where it is received n v n t i to ats li ed with copper pla es . These copper plates in m of n separate the silver the for a gray powder, leavi g sulphate of C o pper in the v a ts whic h flows dow n i nto fl b it z d on the oor elow where is crystali e copper plates . e wd i n The silv r po er is treated like the gold the press , be m z a nd is the n ready to elted . The crystali ed sul m n f n 011 phate of copper is sold . The elti g ur aces are

110

from th e marsh through the middle of Broad street to In 1657 d n th e ri ver . the si es of this brook were li ed with pla nk so that it might better serve its purpose as a n n n m n n ope drai . Th e arsh e ded at Excha ge Place , on e b W a nd r n which is block elow all street , the g ou d betwee n th e e nd ofthe swamp a nd W all st 1 eet itselfwas a e 1 1 111 of sheep pasture , so that she p we e shea ed th is part New Yo 1 k lo ng be fo1 e the Stock Excha nge was estab lishe d 1 In 16 6 m 1 a nd h e e . 7 the a sh the ditch were d u a nd t m . n of ﬁlled p, the s reet a e level Th e cor ers W all a nd Broad streets are considered amo ng the mos t b in y o f valua le parcels of real estate the Cit New York . n h n e b W n The ort cor er is occu pi d ythe ilks Buildi g , sufﬁcie n tly i mposi ng to ma ke it worth y o f its costly n a t n of site . Next to it sta ds the Bro d s reet fro t the n a nd n b n of Stock Excha ge , beyo d th is a ra ch Del ’ m n n n o ico s . The easter cor er is occupied by the Drexel

n m b - n i n the Buildi g , a whit e ar le six story buildi g R n n a nd u n n ﬁ r m e aissa ce style , b ilt for . the ba ki g of M n b a d Drexel , orga Co . The superb rick structure n n it on n n of 1 5 j oi i g Broad street , occupyi g a fro tage 7 a nd t e n h M 1lls n h feet stories hig , is the Buildi g . T is a n L n n o n W b n oc has ope i g all street , where the uildi g c u ie s f n a of25 0 11 b a p a ro t ge feet . usy days th e elev tors in this buildi ng have carried as ma nyas passe n 1 n 1 f1 om th e c o l ne 1 ge s . The view dow Broad st eet of Nassau 1s g 1 a ce fu llye nded off by the distant campanile of n the Produce Excha ge . E xcha n e P la ce n m to H a n g , which ru s fro Broadway n n n over street , crossi g Broad street , is i teresti g , because in the old days a bridge crossed th e ditch at Broad n a nd 011 rs M e r street at thi s poi t , this bridge the ﬁ t ’ n n n z M 24 1670 cha ts Excha ge was orga i ed , arch , ; its members meeti ng 0 11 the bridge every Friday morni ng ’ 11 m o f n n at o clock . The s all boys th e vici ityhavi g bee n accustomed to coast in wi nter down the h ill from n d h no w the cou try roa whic is Broadway , to the sheep IS now B t oa d 1 1 o1 de 1 e d pasture , which st eet , they we e b M 1° n 1 0 11 F 1 ida s b n ythe ayo to suspe d their spo t y, etwee 11 a nd 129 as not to distu 1 b the deli beration s of the n n n F 1 n 1 f1 on1 ha ge . The Lo g Isla d e ry o ce sta ted n ff 1 oce e din n this brid g e at Excha ge place , the ski p g dow he ditc u Br 1 n the i iv e1 the 1 t h thro gh oad st eet i to , fer y 111 h ouse standi ng at the present cor ner of New street a nd n n Excha ge Place . Nassau street is a arrow thorough n W t fare leadi g from all s reet to City Hall Park . It l n a n n n n follows the i e of old la e , which , whe a petitio for th e open i ng of the street was prese nted in the early n n days of the city , was quai tly described as a cart la e ’ nn n m n t o mm n C ru i g by th e pie wo a s the Co o s , ity Hall n n mm n a of n Park the bei g the co o p sture the tow . Th is is now the gre a t thoroughfare for lawyers o n their way from this part of th e city to the Court House in City

a nd t he ofla w- b Hall Park , here are stores ook publishers a nd n n a nd seco dha d book dealers , it is also occupied by n m n m fﬁ ng u erous ha dso e o ce buildi s . n n W m the n Proceedi g dow all street , fro Nassau , ext buildi ng t o attract atte ntio n is that o f the Mechan ics n 3 1 a nd 33 of n a nd n n Ba k at Nos . , built gra ite I dia a limesto ne a nd prese nti ng a n imposi ng fro nt of n i ne n o n n b nz n of stories . Co spicuous this fro t is a ro e casti g ’ m n n a r m a nd n n mm a echa ic s braw y ha d wieldi g a ha er . The bank acquired th is property in the last cen tury a nd the deeds to it are said t o r un back to the days of Quee n nn n n n n one A e . A other co spicuous buildi g housi g of n of n n Ma n th e historic ba ks the cou try , the Ba k of the hattan Compa ny is the ni ne story g ra nite structure built ’ n n b n n m a nd M n co joi tly ythe ba k just a ed , the erc ha ts n N 40 a nd 42 W O ne n Ba k at os . all street . of i ts ﬁ est is n n n Jlfa nha tta n features the gra d e tra ce arch . The ’ C ompa nys B a nk wa s organi zed by Aaron Burr i n op n n of one of n positio to the Ba k New York , whose fou d n H m n ers was his bitter political rival , Alexa der a ilto . n n b Its ba ki g privilege was secured yclever ruse . Just w in N e w n after the yello fever scourge York , whe it was thought that th e epidemic might have been caused by the brackish water in the wells which the n f ur nished the n o n o ly water supply t the city , Burr obtai ed a charter r m n w o f a in for a wate co pa y ith capit l , but this charter there was a clause permitti ng the compan y to use its surpl us capital in a nyway not i ncon sistent with th e laws a nd constitution of the Un ited States or of u z in the S tate of New York . This cla se was utili ed a manner which the Legislature granti ng the ch arter l ittle m of n n of the Ma n drea ed , for i t led to the i cor poratio ’ n m n n in 1799 M n n C om hatta Co pa y s Ba k . The a hatta n m o ff t n u - o a nd pa y did , as a atter ac , co str ct water w rks for m m a n so e ti e sup plied the c ity with water, d it still , in n m n n in bu n 01 order to retai its charter, ai tai s a ildi g 1 C n n O n e tre street a huge ta k . pposite the buildi g of the Ma nhattan Compa ny is the ni n e story buildi ng of the Un C m n N os 45 a nd 4 W ited States Trust o pa y , . 7 al l n n n street . It is built of gra ite varied with brow sto e , the

n on - O n c arvi g which is as delicate as lace work . the n orthwest cor ner of W all a nd W illiam streets is the n m n n of m ha dso e buildi g of the Ba k A erica , while the B a nk o N ew Y or k n in a nd f , the oldest ba k the State the n n n z in Un seco d ba k orga i ed the ited States , occupies a o n n ﬁ ne buildi ng the ortheast corner . This is the bank n n m n B fou ded by Alexa der H a ilto , which urr sought to an tagoni z e whe n he i ncorporated the Manhattan C om ’ a n s n n o f mm n p y Ba k . The Ba k New York co e ced busi n on 9th of n 1784 b n n in ess the Ju e , , ei g the located the W n m n n on n n 156 alto a sio Fra kli square , at Pearl u now b street , about Opposite the struct re occupied y In 178 7 n m Harper Bros . (p . the ba k re oved to No . 1 1 n a nd in 1798 no w oc Ha over square , to th e site it c u ie s W n m n n n u n l p . The alto house re ai ed sta di g ti 18 8 1 n n n m n , havi g falle , h owever , u po sorry ti es , bei g n mm n last occupied as a lodgi g house for i igra ts . The n of N e w f m n a in 1791 Ba k York was or ally i corpor ted , r e - n z n n n in 1852 a nd orga i ed u der th e Free Ba ki g Act , 1 m i n 8 79 b n n n . July , , eca e a atio al ba k n n W m Proceedi g dow illia street to the south , the v n n on isitor will reach , ear the cor er of Beaver street ’ n m n m the east side , the ha dso e buildi g of the Far ers n a nd m n a nd n n on cor Loa Trust Co pa y , adjoi i g it, the n r W m a nd n e of illia street Ha over square , the yellow b of C otton E xcha n e n rick structure the g . This Excha ge n z 15 18 70 a nd n Ma y was orga i ed August , , occupied , u til 4 18 72 m 142 r m m , , pre ises at Pearl street , f o that ti e to 29 18 85 m in n a nd m A pril , , pre ises Ha over square , oved 0 u n n n 3 1885 . i to the prese t buildi g April , It is calc la ted th at the cotton cro p of the United States is nearly or n n F or bales early pou ds . the n n Ma 1 18 90 S n on year e di g y , , the sales of pot cotto the n ba le s a ndfor Excha ge aggregated , future delivery b n ne w ales . Diago ally across the street is the m n n n Del o ico buildi g , occu pyi g the site of the ﬁrst

114

’ P n in o is n ort . All the work do e the Collect r s office the ffi m n mb verified byth e Naval o ce . The e ployees u er n n m n about people , i cludi g several fe ale i spectors , whose busin ess it i s to preve nt wome n from smuggli ng t h e m in n articles th rough custo s their clothi g apparel . The i ns pectors have their headquarters at the Barge f ha s a n d O fice , which lready bee describe (p . The ’ ro uti ne through whic h a passe nger s baggage must pass before a passenger ca n take i t or have it removed from n n t he port has already bee explai ed (p . The u nloadi ng a nd delivery o f goods from the vessels n m m n n at the wharf i vol ves ore circu sta ce . The captai proceeds to th e Custom House a nd delivers t he ma nifest o f a nd the n his cargo other papers to Collector , this bei g n b a n n of Un tech ically descri ed as e try the vessel . a nd n n m him til this other i cide tal acts are perfor ed by , of ca n not W n the cargo the vessel be touched . he all m n h n n a nd k n preli i ary steps ave bee take bul is broke , the goods are passed from the vessel to th e dock u nder n n h th e su pervisio of two i spectors , who see to it t at samples of t he goods are sen t for appraiseme nt t o the b a n d n m Pu lic Stores , also that the regulatio s of the custo s m W n are otherwise co plied with . he the goods at the n m n a n d Public Stores have bee exa i ed appraised , th e n n n of m n o f bl co sig ee is otified the a ou t duty paya e . He on of n will already have paid duties th e face the i voice , b ut the result Of the appraiseme nt ma yb e to either lower o r n in of his m n i crease these , which case part pay e t is un or m a n d n ref ded , he is obliged to ake ad itio al pay m n of m u m m e t . The process is , course , ch ore co plicated n m in m n u tha this , so co plicated fact that ercha ts sually e mploy Custom House brokers to transact this branch o n b m f their busi ess , but the above is a out the si plest b n m way of descri i g the ethod . m H ouse onH a nov e r a ndW a ll Opposite the Custo , streets , n n fi r m o f n C o a nd not is the old ba ki g Brow Bros . . , fa r below is the buildin g of th e Queen I nsura nce C om n n fi ne a n pa y , co spicuous for its porch , architectural t u m f n in fi b n fea re seldo ou d New York of ce uildi gs . The R W Elevated ailroad crosses all street at Pearl street . l t b e m mb Pear stree , it will re e ered by those who have w n of n follo ed the i ti erary this guide , begi s at State

e a nd r n in m - stre t , the efore has swept arou d a se i circle to 115

n a nd m on m n this poi t , fro here it akes a other sweep n w b R nn n join i g Broad ay a ove eade street , ru i g a semi n circular course . Its peculiar li e is due to the fact that it was built u p along a n old c ow- path which r a n from the old fort along the outlyin g settlements to the com now mon pasture which is City Hall Park . At the foot W IS to n n of all street a ferry Brookly , havi g its Brook l n n M n s lyn a di g at the foot of o tague treet . CH APTER IV

T R E E T T IT HALL P A K W ALL S O C Y R . Broadway above W all street to City Hall Park is still

n N o 111 n of l . . a successio arge buildi gs At Broadway , n n n opposite P i e street , is t he Tri ity Buildi g , whose n o ut on southern wi dows look the old churchyard . The b lock above this on the same side is occupied bythe i di 115 d the of B or eel .B u l ng , Broa way , site the old m n n W n n n De Lancey a sio , where t he ashi gto I augura

a nd n oc tion Ball took place , which was subseque tly m i ie d C n da . c up by the ity Hotel , a fa ous h ostelry its y r n n Pi ne street , wh ich u s i to Broadway at the head of m n n on Tri nity ce etery , is a arrow thoroughfare li ed ﬁ n either side with of ce buildi gs . n n a n EQUITAB L E BUILDING . Betwee Pi e d Cedar on s of n u n streets , the east ide Broadway , sta ds the b ildi g L n w of the Equitable ife Assura ce Society , hich houses n a nd m n te na ts, through which pass ore tha lmo n n people a day . A st every ki d of busi ess capable of n in n in u n b ei ng tra sacted ofﬁces is represe ted this b ildi g . n in I t is a gra ite structure classic style , a certai n l a rge effect bei ng i ntroduced by a n architectural device in g ivi ng t wo stories th e exter nal appearan ce of on e very n i . n 1885 high story T he prese t structure was built , the company at that ti me acquiri ng the whole block 0 11 a nd n of o n Broadway , a large portio the block Nassau n n m f n street . The e tra ce is a assi ve co fered gra ite m n n n b R o a arch , leadi g i to a dou le vestibule with pilasters of yellow marble with capitals ofMexican onyx n of K n m a nd l i tels oxville arble , ceiled with polished nz z marble a nd bro e frie es . The arcade beyond is 30feet b b 100 n road yover feet lo g , with a great arched skylight of n a n d m stai ed glass polished arble , the walls bei ng In m n li ned like the vestib ule . the ty pa um of the arch

118

s e iments of I n R n n in the y 15 n . p c talia e aissa ce cit , see Its most impressive feature is a portico two stories of n umn on the high , the capitals the polished gra ite col s n n m m c m seco d story bei g carved heads e ble ati of A erica ,

u a nd . n n u n E rope , Asia , Africa This buildi g sta ds po a n S of M C historic ite , that the old iddle Dutch hurch n R n (p . which , duri g the evolutio , was occupied as

n - t he a a nd a ridi g school by British c lvary , also as a n bs n n n of priso . Su eque tly it passed i to the possessio Un a n d wa s u - offi ce the ited States, occ pied as a post u ntil the prese nt Federal buildi ng o n Broadway a nd t he T he ha mber o Commer ce . Park row was erected . C f of in n State of New York occupies quarters this buildi g . It collects a nd publishes a nnually valuable statistics relati ng m o a nd n m t o the co merce f th e State city . Bei g co posed of leadi ng m e n in commercial a nd fi nancial circles it n i n n u n n exerts co siderable flue ce po legislatio . Th e walls of its S pacious headqu arters are hu ng with the m n of n m m F portraits of a y its disti guished e bers . our of the portraits were pai nted for or purchased by the mb of n Lie ute n Cha er . These are Cadwallader Colde , a nt - G n of C n n 1772 M over or th e olo y , pai ted , by atthew n m n a n d W C n n b Pratt ; Alexa der Ha ilto De itt li to , y mb a nd of n m n n n n— Tru ull ; Joh Sher a , by Hu ti gto the last in honor of the resumptio n of s pecie pay me nts e fi e te m of c d by Sher an while Secretary the Treasury . ’ mb n 5 1768 F ra unc e s The Cha er was i stituted April , , at n a nd a n n n m n of Taver , has u broke record of the i utes m n m n every eeti g fro that date dow . Passi ng u p Nassau street to Libe rty street a nd through b d n on n Li erty street to Broa way , there sta ds the orth R e a l E st te E x h e of . 57 a c a n side Liberty street , No , the g , t he objec t ofwhic h is to facilitate the sale a nd tran sfer o f m i n but real estat e , pri arily the City Of New York , m Un F or further ore , also , throughout the ited States . merly the p ublic sales of real estate were effected in the b m n o f n n 111 ase e t Tri ity Buildi g at Broadway . The n n e n on 14t h of 1885 prese t Excha ge was op ed the April , . A ll of n in n sales la d New York City u der decrees , orders or judgme nts have to b e made in the rooms of this Ex n n M l n cha ge . Th e Buildi g ateria Excha g e occupies in a o f n m quarters the re r part the auctio roo . The n in It fe e Excha ge keeps books which registers , for a of 119

ﬁ v e n the cit l m a nd e en dollars , property with i y i its , v considerable p r operty without the city boundaries offered for u a nd ff sale . It has , also , val able records , o ers its m mb h t o e ers ot er privileges . Th e ﬁrs private deed n r ecord in N e w York City is a co nveya nce of a lot 30 x 110 on t n W a a nd feet Bridge street , be wee hiteh ll Broad

t for n y- f b in s reets , twe t our guilders , which is a out r m n n o f on t he n ou o ey . Auctio sales real estate Excha ge last year amou nted to Leavi ng the Exchange a nd proceedi ng to a nd up M i de L w y n a n a ne . Broad a , the ext street is This was o nce a cou ntry lan e crossin g th e isl a n d along a st ream ’ m r a nd M n with a shy shores , it was called the aide s ’ P T Ma a de Pa a t e in n ath , g j th e origi al Dutch , because washwo me n plied their occupatio n along the ban ks of m nn n the strea . Here , also , the ta ers o ce had their pits .

The street. enteri ng Broa dway opposite is C ortla ndt e n m old V a n C o rt la ndt m of stre t , a ed after the far , part for n n On which was appropriated Ope i g the street . the southeast corner of C ort la ndt a nd New Church streets n n of a nd n n sta ds the large buildi g the Coal Iro Excha ge , a nd on n not m the orth side of the street , far fro Broad n n way, is the Telepho e Buildi g—. W ES TERN UNION BUI LDING The next street enteri ng n on i to Broadway its west side is Dey street . Here stands one of the most conspicuous buildi ngs in the n one of t n in city , housi g the greatest corpora io s the Un Wes ter n Uni on T ele r a h C om a n ited States , the g p p y. W n m n b n n in 18 56 he this co pa y ega operatio s , it had m a nd m of iles Of poles cables , iles wire, a nd m offices . The statistics for essages , receipts , n a nd not for in expe ses profits do exist this year , but the n m n h n e m followi g year the co pa y a dl d essages , its 1 e ce ipt s were a nd its profits Th e average toll for a message was a little over ’ The marvelous i ncrease m t he compa ny s busi n a nd m nn in n ess , t he a er which it , itself, has g row with of n n the a its growth busi ess , is clearly show by st tistics 1 0 m of fi m 8 9 . nu for It had iles wire . Its of ces n m bered It ha dled essages . Its receipts were Its profits were a nd t he average cost for a message had fallen m 32 n In fro a little over to a little over ce ts . this 120

b uildi ng is th e n erve - ce nter of the network of wire t count r v a n d n n which stretches all over his , ru s alo g the bottom of the sea to n early all civili z ed cou ntries of the globe ; a nd on e ca n sit in this buildi ng a nd by si mply touchi ng a k nob commu n icate with every place i n the o n In 1890 world where there is a telegraph stati . July , , the upper storie s of the W estern Un io n Buildi ng were de n m n stroyed by fire . The buildi g, re odeled by J . H . Harde b 1 n of 75 f on a nd e gh , occupies a fro tage eet Broadway , n n a n n n b n n n 200 0 11 i cludi g adjoi i g uildi g , I s feet Dey 1 1 n n n a nd st eet . The B oadway buildi g is i e stories high , b i of 1 t e r I a t I immin s n is u lt b ick with cotta g . The pri c ipa l feature of the Broadway fron t are three wide arches o n s w n t wo a nd pier hich exte d through stories , are n n 0 11 crow ed with capitals . There are seve arches the n a nd t o m a n Dey street fro t , the p story is for ed by of nin the n n arcade arched ope gs , whole bei g surrou ded b c01 n1ce 1 r a n n ya heavy of te cotta . The adj oi i g build i ng O 11 Dey street is of the same ge ne r al characte r a nd n 18 te n s tor ie s hi h n h desig , but the structure g . The seve t a nd h mm n n w th of eight stories , co u icati g i those the n m mm n n m 75 Broadway buildi g , for i e se Operati g roo s 100 m m x feet , fitted up with the ost i proved apparatus . There are employed in al l departments in these bu l ld i ngs abo ut people ; over wires ce nter in the n m m n on t he Operati g roo ; essages are ha dled , in n m average , the operati g roo every day . There are 1 5 n h ffi in F m n 7 bra c o ces the city . ro th is buildi g tele graphic commu nication ca n be had with a nypart of the ’ m n own bm n b world . The co pa y s su ari e ca les, which lie W n n n n a nd a t n at hitesa d Bay , Devo , E gla d , Co ey n Y n in n n a n d n Isla d , N . . , with la d wires E gla d , u der grou nd a nd aerial cables across Long Island a n d the n e nd nn n h Brookly Bridge at this , give a direct co ectio wit n n n m n m Lo do . The ce essages are tra s itted , either by the various gover nmen t systems or submari n e cable c om n or pa ics , by both , to all parts o f Europe , Asia, Africa m m n a nd South A erica . The co pa y has also direct c on ne c tion o wn m n b , through its sub ari e cables , which lie e w n a nd n b W t ee Florida Hava a , with Cu a , all the est I ndia Islands a nd the northern parts of South America a nd bymeans of the cables of the Mexican a nd Central a nd m n m n 1 South A erica Telegraph co pa ies , which sta t

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m n 30th o O preached the dedicatory ser o the f ctober . 1768 In 18 1 . The gallery was reached by a ladder . 7 the structure was take n do wn a nd a larger one b uilt on

18 41 w the u - n m m n the site . By , ho ever , p tow ove e t had n m of n n m n draw ost the co gregatio away fro its vici ity , a nd n u n h it n the grou d po whic stood bei g valuable , the n n a nd m one l church was tor dow , a s aller bui t , the rest n n z for n of the la d bei g utili ed busi ess structures . k of now 17 n Bac what is Joh street , though the site is n N o 15 a nd 21 m old also give as . No . , stood the fa ous John tr ee t T hea tr e no the S . This was t absolutely ﬁrst of m m n in N e w for place a use e t York , th ere is a vag ue of 1740 a nd in 1750 record a theatre as far back as , a compan y acted in a buildi ng on the east side of Nassau n M n n a nd n T he n street , betwee aide La e Joh street . Joh n in 176 m n Street Theatre was ope ed 7 . The perfor a ces ’ n 6 a nd bega at o clock , ladies who desired good places ’ were r e quested to se nd their servants by5 o clock to se m 60 of cure the . The theatre stood feet back the street , a nd its patro ns were compelled to walk through a badly n mm n lighted wooden passage . Th e i terior acco odatio s of a nd were a pit , two rows rough boxes , a gallery . Th nd n R n theatre was lighted by ca les . Duri g the evolutio R a nd ma t it was called the Theatre oyal , a teur heatricals , m of l n n M A ndre e so e the p ays bei g writte by ajor , wer W n n n z i t acted by British ofﬁcers . ashi gto patro i ed duri n g the time that h e resided in the city as President n b a n De of U . n d th e ited States A ove Joh ys treets , w F ulton s tr eet o ne m Broad ay is crossed by , of the ost wd n cro ed thoroughfares of the city . This street ru s m a nd on n e nd W fro river to river, h as its wester ash in ton a nd on n e nd n M g , its easter Fulto arket . At the nt u n F n latter poi is also the F lto erry to Brookly . The south e ast corner ofFulton street a nd Broadway is occ u pied by the E veni ng P ost B uilding ; the Commer ci a l A dv er tiser is at the northwest corner or F ulton a nd

Nassau streets . F ulton M a r ket F l n a nd is one , u to street East river of the best k now n establishmen ts of it s ki nd i n N e w n n n 218 n a nd York . I cludi g restaura ts there are sta ds , n in m everythi g the way of eats , poultry , vegetables , fruits d be On 1st h n a nd . fish are suppose to had here April , w e n n a n n the trout seaso ope s , there is especially brillia t i of m on d splay fish at the arket Opposite , the east side h n 1 i s n str uc tu i e of Sout street , ext to the iver , a woode , z three stories high , whic h is utili ed for a wh olesale fish

m ﬁ shi n - m arket Here the g s acks disc harge their carg oes , a nd early 111 th e mor ni ng the place i s made h ideous with the shouts oflice nsed ve nders a nd retail deale 1 s layi ng i n Wa s hi n ton Jlfa r ket their stock for the day . g , at the n e nd of n m m wester Fulto street , is a so ewhat si ilar n b d structure . It is surrou ded yth e great pro uce dis t ric t of r n n New York , virtually the dist ibuti g ce ter of c ounti n n the y. Saturday eve i gs , the booths whic h b n i n V a nd B a i c la a nd m a ou d esey ystreets , fro which 1 a nd u ha 1 dwa r e n a nd i n f uit prod ce , statio ery . toys fact m 1 of m n s al ost eve y variety cheap ercha di e is sold , are m n b oil t 0 1 c he s 1 d illu i ated y , which throw a wei , reddish l m n igo ht , veiled by clouds of thick s oke , over the sce e , the spectacular effect bei ng heighte ned bythe hoarse of n a nd m b b ut m shouts ve ders the ore su dued , also ore of n steady , roar the surgi g crowd . L H U S E N E w —B e twe e 11 n O DES T O I N Y ORK . Fulton a d n N o 122 W m onsi Joh streets is . illia street , which is c d u i n ered by good authority the oldest ho se New York . W he n W i lliam street was Opened in 1692 from W all t t o n n on n n a stree Fulto . lots were gra ted co ditio th t sto ne houses at least two stories high should be built n 122 m a nd withi two years . No . was built at that ti e , therefore must have been er ected betwee n th e years 1692 a nd 1694 m win . Th e house is two stories high with dor er in a nd n n b dows the roof , is built of arrow Holla d ricks .

n fi re - l in one o f There were large Ope p aces th e house , m n c in n . whi h , the seco d story , still re ai s They were decorated with white a nd blue tiles represen ti ng B ib lica l b t a nd l o f b n su j ec s , severa these have ee preserved . n n R The house is ow occ u pied as a restaura t . ight back of G n t b of this house was olde Hill , where the firs lood t he R n a nd in w evoluti o was shed (p . the house hich n ‘V shin ton n n v a . o ce stood Op posite , g Irvi g was bor L Y —At 113 F FU TON STREET PRA ER MEETING . ulto n street are the offi ces of the oldest churc h organi z atio n in Un R m n the ited States , the Collegiate efor ed Protesta t C of n M Dutch hurch , which the Ful to Street Prayer eet in kn g is a c hapel , ow n as the North Churc h Chapel . 124

The Fulton Street Prayer Meeti ng bei ng decidedly the most i nteresting adj unct of this ancie nt organi z atio n to

b a nd n n n the pu lic , bei g the o ly adj u ct daily accessible n on n in to it excepti g Su days , this is the proper place

i of n b which to give a h story this ve era le body . l u C u n z in 162 The Co legiate D tch h rch was orga i ed 8 . In 1623 the ﬁrst churc h services on Ma nhattan Island were held by Dutch a nd W alloon immigrants in the loft

- m b 0 11 n a nd in f of the ﬁrst horse ill uilt the isla d , this lo t n z in 1628 In S n of the church was orga i ed . the pri g 1633 n R e v E v e ra r dus m out m , whe the . Bogardus ca e fro n n of n u r Holla d , the erectio a buildi g exclusively for p poses ofworship was begu n on the north side of Pearl m b n W a nd street , about idway etwee hitehall Broad u n n n W a r of 1642 n streets . D ri g th e I dia , a sto e church n old M was erected i side the fort . The iddle Church , which occupied the si te betwee n Cedar a nd Liberty M f n n n now streets , where the utual Li e I sura ce Buildi g n u in 1729 a nd i n sta ds (p . was b ilt , was kept use n 1844 n nm n u til , whe it was leased to the gover e t of the

- fﬁ ce n 18 5 Un a nd o 7 . ited States , was used as a post u til The Collegiate Church maintai n s three churches a nd be in 14 f three chapels ; the churches g at La ayette place . o ld M f n a nd whic h is the iddle Church , Fi th ave ue

w n - n n a nd n a nd F - T e ty i th street , Fifth ave ue orty eigh th street . The F u lton S tr ee t P r a yer Jlfeeti ng is held on the n b second story of 113 Fulto street . It is capa le of seat n 5 n n on i g over 00 perso s . Sig s the wall tell the vis “ itor that No perso n is allowed t o con sume over ﬁve “ m n in o r m n n i utes prayer testi o y , No ”co troverted b to b e n 0 11 religious su ject s allowed i troduced . other n ff cards are scripture exhortatio s . Every day a di er e n n m n t leader co ducts the eeti g , so that the style a nd n ma n experie ce ybe varied . As soo as the clock 12 l out ymn n strikes , the eader g ives a h , ge erally a m one in h n n c a n n fa iliar , w ich the whole co gregatio j oi n d n a nd a n n heartily . The there is rea i g i troductory m n n d prayer . After ore si gi g , the lea er reads extracts from the letters which have been received si nce the m n o f b n mb m 50 eeti g the day efore . These u er fro to 100 a nd fo r or , are requests prayers either for the writer

126

A r ough - hew n design of military accoutrements is a m m R M n m m feature of the e orial . ichard o tgo ery , who t his me mor ia l n b n n R n ho ors , was or ear aphoe , Irela d , mb 2 1736 mm n . a n i Dece er , He was co issio ed officer n m n n n old the British ar y whe he was o ly eightee years . n a nd in He was co spicuous at the siege of Louisburg , the n n M n a nd n In 1 2 expeditio s agai st arti ique Hava a . 77 he came to New York a nd married a daughter of R obert R . n n of m Livi gsto . After a series successes which ade him m of n ff aster of the greater part Ca ada , he e ected a n w n m n a nd 2 M . 3 1 j u ctio ith Ar old , at A . , Dece ber , 1775 m cou de ma i n , atte pted to capture Quebec by a p . C a n on The first barrier was rried , but as he was pressi g t o n o f t he seco d at the head his troops, he fell with two of a nd n of his aides . killed at the first o ly discharge the m a nd . British artillery , h is ar y retreated ’ In w of M n m is in n vie o t g o ery s Irish birth , it teresti g to k no w that on either side of him lie the remai ns of two n of of Irish patriots . To the orth the rear the chapel is m n m n m m of Mc N e v in a tall o u e t erected to the e ory Dr . , a nd to the south is a n obelisk in memory of T homa s A ddi s E mmet In not . the east face of this obelisk far b w r imidia n mm in a nd elo the py is a bust of E et relief, below this about 6 feet above the pedestal a n oval in n of n m wh ich is a relief desig clasped ha ds, the sha rock n f one a nd on o on . bei g the wrist , stars the other A nother interesti ng monu me nt in th is cemetery is that t o Geor e F r eder ick C ooke n n g , the E glish actor . It sta ds in the n of the a nd easter part graveyard , was erected by m n K n n W m n 17 Ed u d ea . Cooke , bor at est i ster , April , 1756 m ff n m a n , died fro the e ects of i te per ce at New York , mb 26 18 12 n in Un Septe er , . His first appeara ce the ited 21 18 10 N e w States was October , , at the Park Theatre , 011 23 r ow n ot so m York , the site of Park , very far fro n n on m n m n : where he lies buried . The i scriptio his o u e t Three k i ng doms c laim his b irth e m e e o no n c e o Both h isph r s pr u his w rth , n U n m n m n was writte by Halleck . po the o u e t is also e ngraved Erected to the memory of George Frederick of R L n Cooke , the Theatre oyal Drury a e , ’ K e a n s son K n n n n in 18 46 , Charles ea , fi di g , whe here , ’ that his father s monument to Cooke had falle n i nto a nd n n decay , had it repaired , added to the i scri ptio 127

R K n epaired by Charles ea , It was , as further n n n i n 1 4 n 8 7 . i scriptio s upo it tells us , agai repaired by E n a nd in 1 90 n A . Sother , 8 by Edwi Booth , a graceful tribute from the greatest America n tragedian to a great n E glish predecessor . After W ashi ngto n had been i naugurated on the bal ’ n ofF l co y edera Hall (p . he proceeded to St . Paul s a nd m Church , where services where held , the sa e relig ious formality was observed at the W ashingto n Ina ug u n n nn n ratio Ce te ial , whe Bishop Potter preached the ser mon n n n , Preside t Harriso occupyi g th e pew which W n n on of ashi gto h ad used , whic h is the left side the c hurch a nd is marked by a bro nz e memorial tablet donated by the Aisl e Committee at the Ce ntennial se r v On of ice . th e opposite side the church is the pew G n G l n n occu pied by over or eorge C i to . ’ On one the block above St . Paul s is th e Astor House , of b - n n of In n the est k ow hotels the city . the rotu da , w n n m reached through the Broad ay e tra ce , fro to u n n take their l cheo every day of the year , except Su ndays — S - OF F C A t n R ow un n PO T I E . the poi t where Park r s i to

w m n n n R OW Broad ay , for i g a tria gle bou ded b y Park ,

a nd C mb n n Broadway ha ers streets , was , u til the erectio of F or - Ofﬁ ce n nn n of the ederal Post Buildi g , the begi i g mm n no w the old co o pasture City Hall Park . Broadway origi nally r a n in a straight li ne on ly as far as the poi nt w R ow now m n here Park diverges fro it . The road the co nti nued on the prese nt li ne of Park R ow to Chatham n m Square , where there was a hill , the Square bei g for ed by the n ecessity o f lavi ng out t he road in a circuitous li ne so as to make the asce n t of the h ill as easy as pos sible ; a nd it was not u nti l Broad wa ywas conti nued in a straight li ne from the poi nt where the old Commo ns be

a n n e nd - Ofﬁ ce g that the tria gle , at whose lower the Post n m sta ds , was for ed . It is worth while to sta n d at the poi n t of t histr ia ng le to watch the mighty tide o f travel that s urges a nd roars 128

u a nd n w G n in its course p dow Broad ay . reat buildi gs i n n n catch the eye either directio , but hold it o ly for a m m n n m m n me n m n o e t , for the pa ora a of hu a ity , of , wo e a nd n m n a nd of childre , of illio aire beggar, vehicles of n no n every descriptio , allows of diversio . — T he B uildin - Ofﬁ ce n n ot g . The Post Buildi g is used

n for - offi c e Un o ly a post , but also for the ited States ’ Un - n f a nd Courts , the ited States District Attor ey s O fice W other Federal purposes . Its architecture is Doric , ith n R n n a nd b n a suggestio of e aissa ce , has ee severely eriti c ise d m n w n . The fact re ai s , ho ever , that , possibly o ly b n of ma ss iv e i i e s s or r n it yreaso its its su pe ior positio , ff of n a nd m n has the e ect a dig ified i posi g structure . It is a g ra nite buildi ng fronti ng 340 feet 0 11 Broadway a nd m n 0 11 R ow a n d 290 t on M the sa e dista ce Park , fee ail s n n n n e nd A 11 ff treet , which ru s alo g its orther . e ecti ve feature of the buildi ng is a n e ntrance looki ng dow n B i oa dwa i m 1 1 n on y, f o which the two g eat f o ts Broad a nd 1 R ow 1 ou t m m d way Pa k sp ead . A large do e , o eled

of - n on after that the Louvre , rises above the sky li e the m of iddle the Broadway side . — B usin e s N e w Y 0 1 k - Ofﬁ c e s . The Post , like the New m GO 1 e r n York Custo House , is a source of proﬁt to the m m m n n n . e t , yieldi g so e above expe ses Fro the last official statemen t o f t ransactio ns of the N e w

- Ofﬁ ce nn of York Post , prepared for the a ual report the mb of mm n Cha er Co erce , it appears that duri g the year 18 8 9 of m m n in , pieces ail atter were ha dled , n n bags, weighi g pou ds . The sales m m a nd l i of postage sta ps , sta ped paper posta ca ds amou nted to the sales o f newspaper a nd s m 3 213 1 n i 80 . 6 r period cal ta ps to $ , ; the box e ts to a nd the total busi ness ofthe mone y Oi de i d m n m m m n n epart e t e braced ite s , a ou ti g to I n the regi stry departme nt a of nd d pack ges letters were ha le . Several statistics relati ng to t he i nquiry a nd dead letter department are iii te i e stin 46 923 le tt e i s a nd e fti s e d also g ; , packages we 1 e l b n m 1 a ddi e sse d foi a yperso s t o who they we e , post ge due ; letters we i e sent t o fictitious a ddi e sse s ;

le tt e i s r e mai ni ng u nclai med at hotels were r e . n the 553 080 le tte i s 1 e ithe tur ed to Post Ofﬁce , we e l

130

what hour a letter posted at some lamp - post up- tow n n n in for ma t should reach its desti atio the city , or that in a n U n ma ter, ypart of the ited States . It ybe said , i n - Ofﬁ c e n ou t fact , that the Post gri ds letters like a ’ m n fo r in achi e , if the visitor will watch the carriers table nt o f the ce er the ﬂoor , h e will see that the carrier has hardly take n the mail fo r his route out of the box before th e a s sorter is throwi ng mail i nto the box for the next y deliver . H R V C APTE .

IT HALL AR K AN D I INIT Y C Y P V C .

w b 18 75 a nd City Hall Park , hich , efore before the Post

Ofﬁ ce r n i n n was e ected , occupied the e ti re tr a gle bou ded

a R ow a nd C m one of by Broadway , P rk ha bers street , is old of C om the historic sites the city . It was th e old

m n for a nd n o s , used a pasturage for public celebratio s . ’ Five ti mes e a ch year d uri ng one period of th e city s h is b n a nd n a nd tory , a public o ﬁre was lighted , wi e victuals ’ w s m distributed at the to n s expen e . Not far fro where ’ R fﬁ now l the egister s o ce is , stood the ga lows ; after

- h 0 11 S n c on wards a powder ouse was buil t the ite , it bei g side r e d sufﬁ cie ntly remote from the city for the storage n l of so da gerous a n artic e . In n R n n the years precedi g the evolutio , whe public n m n in n n e b ulition se ti e t here was a co sta t state of , this of n m n n n con part the city wit essed a y exciti g sce es . A test betwee n th e noted Liber ty Boys a nd the B ritish garriso n resulted in the ﬁrst sheddi ng of blood on beh alf of A me r it a n t wo m n B n l iberties , o ths before th e osto m h n n n n assacre , to whic eve t that ho or has ge erally bee 1ssi n d Ja nua 1 n n of g e . y whe the ews the repeal of u m 1 e a che d N e w the odio s Sta p Act York , the Liberty la i e b on mm n O Boys erected a g li erty pole th e Co o s , p os i b r 1 a c ks S e v e 1 a l m it d p te the a . ti es was estroyed by

nd n r - a e . the soldiers , as ofte erected by th e people n 18 t h Ja uary , two days after the soldiers had destroyed n of Libe i t t hi e e i n the pole , several So s ycaught soldiers n n n n b l a i e he nde d m the act of posti g i sole t ha d i ls , pp the , ’ a nd i na 1 c he d m t owa i d M a 0 1 fﬁ r w the the y s o ce . A c o d a nd n b n of m n a t gathered , whe a a d so e twe ty soldiers tempted to rescue their comrades wit h cutlasses a nd b z n m b n G n clu s , the citi e s drove the ack u po olde Hill , the highest poi n t of which wa s j ust in the rear of wh a t 132

no 122 W m h in is w illia street , the oldest ouse New York z n n a nd one of m (p . Several citi e s were wou ded , the n of b n killed in the affray . The So s Li erty the purchased of n on omm n a plot la d the C o s , directly opposite now 252 a nd t n what is Broadway , here erected a other n b a nd in pole , upo which Li erty Property was b scri ed . T he Park is now a n exceedi ngly attractive S pot a nd

n - n n of R ow a nd resti g place . At the j u ctio Park Na ssau street is the triangular poi n t u pon which the ha ndsome gran ite R omanesque structure of the T i mes buildi ng n one o f n in sta ds , the hap piest architectural creatio s a nd u z n b the city . This the P lit er Buildi g (see elow) are

G . t . n n by eorge B Pos Here is Pri ti g House Square , n of e ntirely occupied by ews paper ofﬁces . The statue n m n n n n n n in Be ja i Fra kli , the tutelary divi ity of pri ti g n in 18 72 f n this cou try , was erected , a ter a desig by

l m n n of C n G . P ass a , at the expe se aptai De root Diago nally opposite the T imes buildi ng on the cor ner of a T r ibune N ssau street , is the structure occupied by the d n n n of a nd buil i g , co spicuous by reaso its tall tower , a

- I n good example o fthe Neo Grec styl e of architecture . fro nt ofth e T r i bun e pu blicatio n offi ce is a fi ne statue of b l n of he T i bu ne . r ee e t r . . H or a ce G y, fou der , yJ Q A W d w n n in n ar , hich represe ts the great j our alist a sitti g t n n m m n n f posi io , as though pausi g a o e t to thi k be ore n n T r i bun is putti ng his pe n to paper . Adjoi i g the e the n O n n of n S un buildi g . the opposite cor er Fra kfort ne w n of N e w W or ld stre et is the larg e buildi g the York , P uli tz er B u ildin m ff n the g , with its great do e , a ordi g from i ts elevatio n of 309 feet a superb view ofthe city n n a nd its e viro s . The mu nicipal bu ildi ngs in City Hall Park are the ’ ne w a nd R City Hall itself , the Court House the egister s ffi or R a nd t wo in o ce . Hall of ecords, other structures

- n the n orth e a st cor er . i T Y ALL — o C H The City Hall , alth ugh it was built early in n n one of n if not this ce tury , is still co sidered the fi est , n t b n m a n n the fi es , pu lic buildi g , fro architectural poi t Un t -in o f in . view , the ited States The firs City Hall the history of Manhattan Island was a tavern buil t in 1642 on the n orth - west corner of Pearl street a nd Coe ntie s n S a nd the n a lley, the close to the hore, ceded after org a

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The buildi ng contai ns the offi ces of seve ral ci ty offi c ia ls mon m ffi of M in , a g the the o ce the ayor , which is the n n n fi c on wester wi g on th e grou d floor . This of ce is ne cte d ou nc il ' C ha mbe r in w n with the C , hich ha gs a n n ofW n n b m l arge pai ti g ashi gto yTru bull , ordered of him in 1790 by the City of New York . This is a full n a nd n n not n le gth portrait , is highly i teresti g o ly for its su bject a nd the fact that it commemorates a n even t of m o n n of the greatest h istorical i p rta ce , the evacuatio b b it a n m the city ythe British , but also ecause is exa ple ’ of n m n n W n n a oted early A erica pai ter s work . ashi gto n b n sta ds eside a white charger , wh ich is pawi g th e ’ n mm n - in- f grou d , its head lowered . The Co a der chie s ’ right hand holdi ng the rei ns rests upo n the horse s r a rm m n n his c oup ; his left is aki bo , the ha d upo sword m m n . hilt , holdi g at the sa e ti e h is chapeau He is watchi ng the evacuatio n ofthe city bythe British in the n dista ce . ’ Gov er nor om — m n n m s B o . The ost i teresti g roo to strangers in the City H all is the suite o f large apart ’ m n on n n n n G n e ts the seco d floor fro t , k ow as the over or s R m In n C on oo . this is the fur iture used by the first in H gress ofthe United States th e old Federal all . Di r e ctlyOpposite the e ntrance is the large desk used by W ashi ngto n while Preside nt ; a nd betwee n the doors leadi ng to th e East R oom of the suite stan ds a nother W n n n of desk also used by ashi gto . The fur iture is all m n a nd n v of ahoga y , calculated to excite the e y people nd who ca n appreciate its beauty a its value as relics . In this room are numerous portraits of State Governors a nd M n n not d a nd ayors . These pai ti gs are catalogue , are m fi o f n n n so ewhat dif cult ide tificatio , but they are ever t he le ss a valuable portrait gallery of State a nd local in ’ t e r e st mb in G n . There are three Tru ulls the over or s m m n m n fi ne Gov roo , chief a o g the bei g the portrait of e r no r G n n G n eorge Cli t o , who was over or of the State at m n n nt H e the ti e Washi gton was i augurated Preside . was a distinguished soldier as well as a statesman of a nd n n a nd m u force i flue ce , it is as a soldier that Tru b ll n him n in u n f m n has pai ted . He sta ds i or with draw f m n n n n o . sword , his stro g face weari g a look deter i atio A battle scene i n the background adds to the spirited f f n in the e n o e fect o this picture , which ha gs ast wi g f 135

’ n R m m n in the Gover or s oo . A o g the oth er portraits th is W i ng are those o fAlexander Hamilton by W ei mar ; a nd of Va n B n nm n n n ure by I a , the latter h a gi g over the d s m f n w n in e k u sed by T ho as Jef erso , hic h sta ds the n n m n r m s pace betwee n the two door leadi g i to th e ai oo . s of w n n U n O n th e Jefferso n desk is a bu t De itt Cli to . de r n wa s u i n the desk is a huge pu ch bowl , which sed this c i ty at the banquet a nd celebratio n of t he op e ni ng n n Ge n of the Erie C a al . It was prese ted to the city by M n n bibula r n : eral Jacob orto . I side i s the exhortatio Dri nk deep ! Y ou wil l preserve the city a nd e n coura ge n M n d n ca als . a y, oubtless , would be willi g to preserve numerous c ities a nd e ncourage a nynu mber of ca nals s m m In e n u po n i ilar ter s . the south doorway betwe the east wi ng a nd th e mai n roo m is a portrai t o f W n n n in k in L n F n ashi gto wove sil yo s, ra ce , at a of In m n m cost the ai roo , there is above m W n n n n th e s all ashi gto desk , betwee the doors leadi g ’ t o n of G b th e east wi g , a copy il ert Stuart s full n ofW n t n On le gth portrait ash i g o . the north wall is a z o f n W m r life si e portrait Joh Jay , by ei a . Jay , a

l m n a nd n - b l typica states a of th e wig k ee reeches schoo , n n a r m n 0 11 of is sta di g, his right resti g th e back a hig h on u n n chair, his left a book po a table . Betwee th e doors leadi ng i nto the W est R oom is a ful l - le ngth por M s L t of . n n trai Lafayette , by or e afayette sta ds upo a we a r s a m f tiled terrace . H e _ _ black coat , roo y buf a nd n n a trousers , a brow cloak li ed with red is dr ped a him In n ofW n n bout . th e backgrou d are busts ashi gto n n n I n th e w n o m a d . Fra kli west i g are tw Tru bulls . the most i mporta nt of them bei ng a portrait O fGov e rno r M n L o n m orga ewis the extre e righ t of the west wall . G n L not n in over or ewis was a great ﬁghter , o ly the R n in 18 12 a nd m evolutio , but th e war of , Tru bull h as a int e d him m o f Ge n as a soldier . A s all portrait . Villia ms wa s in n n n , wh o killed th e seco d war with E gla d m n mb n at Lake C ha plai , is the other Tru ull . It ha gs o n n of ff n the south wall , beside a large iro statue Je erso , which was prese nted to the city by Commodore Uriah

in - Levy . O ther portraits this room is a full length n of W m nm n a nd m n like ess illia H . Seward , by I a , Ha ilto a nd m n n Fish , by Hicks , s all portraits of De W itt Cli to a nd n n - Baro Steube . Seward is shown as a sandy haired n ma n in n n n n you g eve i g d ress , sta di g by a rustic cha ir nd n amid rural surrou i gs . ’ On m h G n R m i n the sa e floor wit the over or s oo , the ’ n n of d n Alde r m e n s orthwest cor er the buil i g , is the m In m six —n ra one Cha ber . this roo are full le gth port its , of n b in n n u m Jefferso at a ta le , quill ha d , looki g p fro n in M n b V a n h is writi g as if wrap ped thought . o roe , y de rl n m m y , whose ost fa iliar work , by the way , is the n n m a n n n of w o La di g of Colu bus, e gravi g hich n our five dollar n otes makes parting with these less sad than be n n n in would otherwise the case , i s show sta di g grace in ff a nd n ful pose black coat , bu vest k ee breeches . The t o G n a nd n a nd of portrai f e eral Preside t Taylor , that n who is S n n A ndrew Jackso , how with u covered head n n of a nd draw sword , his eyes flashi g with the fire b V n r n n of battle , are also y a de ly . A stro g portrait

Clay is by Jarvis . W hile on the subj ect ofthe pai nti ngs belongi ng to the m a e in fﬁ of mm city , it ybe stat d that the o ce the Co is 3 1 m io ne r W . s of Public orks , No Cha bers street , about ’ ne w opposite the Court House , are Jarvis portrait of ’ ’ M M n n a nd n n o Bolivar , orse s of o ckto , Jarvis pai ti g f mm o f m n Co odore Perry , a picture so e s pirit , bu t Ope to t he critic ism that the small boat in which Perry stands would i nevitably have upset h ad h e in reality struck the in attitude which he is . Back of the CityHall stands the wh ite marble build n of N ew C our t H ouse n n i g the , a structure of Cori thia 250 n 150 architecture , three stories high , feet lo g by m m n a nd wide . Its ost i posi g feature is the portico w mn on mb n steps ith colu s the Cha ers street fro t . Th e State Courts a nd several of the city departments are in n located this buildi g . S S OF F C —T O R EGI TER I E . the east of the City Hall ’ n old R R ff h sta ds the Hall of ecords or egister s O ice , whic

ne m n n in is o of the ost oted historic buildi gs the city ,

. n of R n a nd in n bei g a relic the evolutio , fact the o ly pub lic buildi ng directly co nnecti ng us with R evolutionary m nn n n of ti es . Begi i g with the occupatio New York by u n n in 1783 wa s the British til Evacuatio Day , it crowded with American prisoners of war a nd oth ers who had in

138

S R V R E — z d n EA T I E BRIDG Next to the Pulit er buil i g , m n R is the New York ter i us of the East iver Bridge , to a

n m m n - in stra ger , perhaps , the ost i posi g public work the Un a nd b m n n ited States , pro ably the ost i teresti g sight in n n d in New York . It is the largest suspe sio bri ge the

n a nd u i s i m os world , so gra d vet so gracef l that i t p b n n of b in d si le to co vey a se se its eauty wor s . To be

S be n f m fully appreciated it hould see ro the river , which is best acco mplished by crossi ng over t o Brookl yn a nd

n o r one d m back by the Fulto Ferry, if esires a ore dis

n W fcr r v I t n ta t view , by the all street . should the be

m B n d 0 11 crossed fro the rookly si e foot . As early as 1865 n k n f m n , pla s for a bridge to Broo ly ro th is poi t were

a nd i n 18 67 m n wa s m In 18 75 prepared , a co pa y for ed .

n e m n n the e t rprise was ade a State work . Its co structio was begu n after the plan s a nd u nder the su pervision of J n R n n of n n oh A . oebli g , the orig i ator wire suspe sio

d W n of a bri ges . ork was delayed by tardi ess a ppropri n a nd n n tio s other vexatious i cide ts . The piers were

w of a n a s iz e un n n built ith the aid c isso s of hitherto k ow ,

on the n n that New York side weighi g to s , with a n n of n n co crete ﬁlli g to s . The Brookly tower was n Ma 18 18 75 n n m ﬁ ished y , , it havi g bee built up fro a

m - m clay botto feet below low water ark . The tower on d m in 18 76 the New York si e was co pleted J uly , ,

bei ng built up from b e d rock 78 ; feet b e low lo w- water m r u n in n 18 77 a nd ark . The ﬁrst wire was across Ju e , , b m b b 1 7 8 78 . the four huge ca les were co pleted yOcto er , b n Ma 24 18 3 I n of 8 . The ridge was Ope ed y , the course co nstructio n there were twe ntyfa ta l a nd numerous disa bl d n n n R b n i n In . g acci e ts . the ﬁrst accide t Joh A oe li g was n a nd of 22 18 79 son i j ured h e died lockjaw , July , . His , n n R n d him In 18 70 W . ashi gto oebli g, succee ed h e was

n n e s of in stricke with caisso diseas , the re ult a ﬁre the n n wa s a b w Brookly caisso , but he le , through h is ife , to

140

’ ’ One c a n n G n a nd superb . see beyo d over or s Bedloe s I sla nds ; dow n t he harbor to Staten Islan d a nd the Nar w l i b n C orle a r s ro s ; p th e East river to the e d at Hook , n m getti g a g li pse of the Navy Yard . New York is a plai n of roof tops pierced byi nnu merable spires a nd mn k n b n on un chi eys . Broo ly , ei g situated higher gro d , t o n shows perhaps greater adva tage . The river streets of n n n a nd both cities are li ed with shippi g of all ki ds, a of the river itself is live with every variety craft . — T r a ﬁi a The report of the Presiden t of the trustees ofthe East R iver Bridge for the year e ndi ng December l s t 1890 a n n Of m n , , gives excelle t idea the vast i porta ce o f m this structure . The receipts fro tolls were : m n divided as follows Pro e ade , carriageways , railroad , The number o fpasse ngers carried in the twelve mo nths u pon the railroad was The whole nu mber o ffoo t passe ngers for the y e ar was Th e a ggregate nu mber offoot a nd railway passengers for the year wa s The receipts from all sources were fi h m m m on 24 The traf c reac ed its axi u Nov . , n a n in whe p sse gers were carried the cars . Thi s b n n n i n f has ee exceeded o ly o ce the history o the bridge , 0 11 3 0 18 89 W n t n n a nd that was A pril , , ashi g o I augura n n nn n a n d tio Ce te ial , whe p sse gers were carrie . m n n o f the b d u n l mb r 1 Fro the Ope i g ri ge ti Dece e last , the n u mber ofpasse ngers tra nsported was R V I CHAPTE .

E T R F R M IT H ALL P AR K D OU S O C Y .

F rom City Hall Park severa l i nteresti ng detours c a n m On n u n be ade . Fra kfort street the huge arches po wh ic h the N e w York ap proach to the Brooklyn Bridge c a n n n z is built be see . These have bee utili ed for busi n n n a nd n ess purposes . Betwee Fra kfort Fulto streets

of m lies the headquarters the leather trade , the Swa p , so called from the swampy grou n d O fthe old B eekman m un n in far , situated here ; a p ge t odor ﬁlls th e air th is n n F n n district . Fra kfort street leads i to ra kli Square

o f m h (part Pearl street), where the fa ous istorical pub lishin S g house of Harper Bros . is ituated .

H P 85 B R O T H E R s — a n n 0 11 AR ER . This is iro structure o f fe w d n th e west side th e square , a oors below Fra kfort fi r m wa s n in 18 17 m a nd street . The fou ded , by Ja es n a nd a t n n n Joh Har per , was first a pri t i g house o ly . T he n b old ‘ fi r m of first book pri ted ythe J . J . Harper “ ’ ” n M n a n n was Se eca s orals , a d_ it is _ curious coi cide ce fi r m of 85 s ne w n of that the Harper Bros . i s ued a editio w o n the da of of H a this ork y th e death Fletcher rper , h n W n th e who , wit h is brother Joh esley Harper , joi ed n l fi r m n its m n origi a soo after establish e t . The first b oo k publish ed by th e H a rpers 0 11 their o”wn accou nt was on H m n Un n n in Locke th e u a dersta di g . This was 18 18 1833 fi r m n . About the was cha ged to H arper ’ D m 10 18 53 fi r m s n 0 11 ff Bros . ece ber , , the buildi gs Cli a nd s b n n Pearl street were de troyed yfire , i volvi g a loss

nl one - of n d of o y quarter whic h was i sure . n n n n Nevertheless , th e busi ess was co ti ued wi th out i ter n in m a nd e n n ruptio te porary quarters , th e pr se t iro , ﬁ r e — o f n a nd n proof struc ture seve stories, occupyi g h alf a n on nk n a nd 0 11 ff acre , partly Fra li Square , partly Cli t n m d str uc s reet , was erected . It i s still co sidered a o el n n t y s he n ture of its ki d . A otewor h feature i t a bse ce of 142

e in the u n m a staircas b ildi gs the selves , a spiral stair n u f m a n n n b n way leadi g p ro ope court , the buildi gs ei g ’ b d m a II a r ers M a a reached by ri ges fro this stairc se . p g ’ Zi ne b in 18 50 H a r er s Weekl i n 1857 was esta lished , p y , ’ ’ H a r ers B a z a r in 18 67 a nd H a r er s Y oun P eo le i n p , p g p 18 8 1 a nd n o f b ub . These periodicals , the lo g list ooks p lishe d 85 n 0 11 S by Harper Bros are pri ted the pot , the establish me nt bei ng co nsidered the most complete pu b lishing house in the world ; everythi ng pertai ni ng to the n n n n n a nd pri ti g of books , i cludi g t he illustratio s wood n n n n o ne f F or n cutti g , bei g do e u der roo this reaso it a n n n m n m m a is i teresti g establish e t to visit . Per its y n on m be obtai ed the pre ises . Leading from Fran kli n Square in a southeasterly dire c n C her r S tr e et n n b tio is y , o ce a fashio a le thoroughfare , W ashi ngto n havi ng had his first residence as Preside nt on n of n n l i t the cor er Cherry street a d Fra k i n Square . Now is in m a nd n the very slu s , is appropriately e ough approach ed th rough the obscure shadows cast by th e elevated ra i l n m n of m of road statio . Here is the do ai so e the worst n m n i n M n o f e old te e e ts New York . a y th se are the fashionable reside nces c rowded wi th poverty - stricke n n m n n occupa ts , but there are others of ore rece t buildi g h n n F n m whic are , if a ythi g , worse . i lth , oiso e odors , a nd a ge neral appearance ofdilapidation mark this street a nd n a re m b - d its vici ity . Here the fa ous dou le ecker n m n n n of n te e e ts , as they are called , co sisti g a huge te e m n n w w e t divided by a arro alley , hich usually reeks n on of n with filth , the buildi g either side it bei g prob abl y occu pied by a population larger t han that o f ma n y n or t n C a a cou try village ow . The visitor will hardly re n n in t a nd ba b to li ger lo g th is stree , will pro ly be glad to retrace his steps up Frankfort street to City Hall Park a g a nr O ppo si te the N e w York e ntr a ce of th e East R iver d n R ow the fi ne n Bri ge is Tryo , where buildi g of the S ta a ts Zei tun n R ow n n 0 11 g sta ds . Park co ti ues toward ff a nd C n n o . the Bowery , e tre street bra ches to the left P R ow of n ark is here a street cheap h otels , paw brokers ,

n a nd n . n ot clothi g stores , j e welers saloo s It is a very t f b ut m a trac tive thorough are , it leads to so e rather pic t u re s u e n o f q portio s the ci t y. ’ E W S B or s H S — C m t N LODGING OU E . New ha bers s reet ,

144

m m o f d h is retouched with che icals . So e the ives ave n m H ouse z s expressive a es , such as the of Bla e ’ ” ” l a nd T a n n R a nd . Ba dit s oost , the B ack E nteri ng i nto Park R ow o ne b lock further dow n is M w m R ow ott street , hich fro Park t o Bayard street i s kn w hi na town L n d n u n o n as C . ooki g ow po the curious a nd vicious life that is led there by the Chi n ame n a nd m h a nd of n their victi s , are the churc school the Tra s n t a n m of in n ﬁguratio , wi h i age the Saviour a iche b t N o n n in a ove t he por ico . stra ger co trast exists the city than this evidence of Christianity in this heathe n of t n n a nd n n quarter the city , wi h its Chi ese sig s la ter s w n f m n a nd n w a nd on s ayi g ro every balco y wi do , wires h 6 M t e . that are stretched across street At ott street , ’ n n of u n withi a sto e s throw the ch rch , is a Chi ese m m of m l i n a re te ple . So e the s al shops this street n m n a nd n great Chi ese i porti g h ouses , their ow ers who li v e here are wealthy e nough to occupy Fifth ave nue of n n houses if they cared to . The whole Chi atow is in n n old a nd squalid appeara ce , its buildi gs are rickety , — d a nd d t but n n ill preserve , the street is ba ly kep , othi g 1bou t the whole place is as revolti ng as t he faces of th e W C n m n n of whi te i ves of these hi a e , who are early all m m of m b a nd i n a a the victi s the opiu ha it , the l st st ges ofthat decade nce whic h overcomes those who fall low e nough t”o seek r e lief from the woes of life in hitti ng ma n b d the pi pe . It ybe said here that th is eigh orhoo belo ngs to what is k now n in police parlance as the “ ” b d t he W of n c on loo y Si xth , Sixth ard the city bei g s ide r e d w a nd n m about the orst , requiri g the ost surveil a n a nd t or in f a n O f Sl m o f l ce ; a visi here , act to y the u s — N e w York a n a mu se me nt t e c hnica llyk n own as slum m n — m n n n i g is best ade at ight , u der the guida ce of a de n for ma be m tecti ve , applicatio whose services y ade at H e a d u a r te r s whic h o f a R ow Police q , see . At the foot P rk is m n n S a b n occu Chatha Square , early the e tire p ce ei g a m pied by the structure of the elevated r ilroad , for fro t n n h m n n his poi t the City Hall bra c leaves the ai l i e , i nd n n n m n the Seco d ave ue bra ch co es i to it . T he B ower h n n o n a y, whic begi s h ere , is lo ger wh t it s d be bu t is n n u e to , still , es pecially at ight , whe the c d n a nd d n m m heap stores , lo gi g houses i i e useu s wh ich n 0 11 h s re n t m n d li e it eit er ide a brillia ly illu i ate , a prett y 145

a nd lively thoroughfare . But the Bowery boy h is m n n glory h ave departed fro it , the cha ge bei g chieﬂy due to the fact that the large sec tion ofthe city lyi ng to the east of it has of late years bee n t aken u p byPolish r C n on t Jews . Nea a al street , the wes side of the n n Ge r Bowery , is the Thalia Theatre , o ce th e pri cipal ma n in b ut now b theatre the c ity, occupied ya Hebrew m n wa s n m co pa y . I t o ce fa ous as the Bowery Theatre . As several detours made later 0 11 in the course of describi ng th e city from City H all Park to U nio n Square n n n will bri g th e stra ger agai to th e Bowery , it will hardly be necessary for him to at presen t p ursu e its n C n T O course further tha a al street . see it thoroughly, S n n S however , he hould visit i t at ight , whe the east ide ’ pop ulation a nd the sailors boardi ng - hou ses south of it ou n z n u n pour t their de i e s po it . A curious feature of N e w n in Div i si on S tr eet York trade is wit essed , whic h m m leaves the Bowery fro Chatha S quare . The south side of this street r unni ng f rom Chatham S quare t o Market street is t ake n u p by a n almost u nbroke n li ne of m n t he n Hebrew illi ery stores , sidewalks bei g occ upied

nn - in m n n of by ru ers as i portu i g as those Baxter street , but differi ng from th e lat te r i n that they are girls in oi me n stead . — FIVE POINT S MI S SION R eturni ng up Park R ow t o City IS a n n n n n Hall Park , there i teresti g detour dow Ce tre n t o W th a nd u n n n street . Proceedi g or st reet , t r i g i to it the m o r h n m nt to the east , fa ous , rat er i fa ous , Five Poi s e one m t S in N e w is reach d , at ti e the viles pot York . A n i mmense a mount of noble mission work has redeemed it f m r n a nd n h w ro th e old eig of vice debauchery , leavi g , o n O f for m n in n ever , ple ty work th e issio aries the eigh bo r n k n of in m n i g”streets . Dic e s speaks it h is A erica n : ha s m Notes , sayi g Debauchery ade the very houses W m o ld. h m n pre aturely here dogs woul”d owl to lie , wo e , n o f me n a nd boys sli k off the street . He speaks hide “ m n na m m b o us te ne e ”ts which take their e fro ro bery a nd m a nd U n urder, dwells po the coarse , bloated faces I n 1848 n d a t the doors . the city co verte the little tri n f m m n of W a nd a gle or ed by th e eeti g orth , Park Baxter m i n wa streets , which co e together here such a yas to m f n n n m a n for i ve cor ers , whe ce the a e of th e loc lity , i to n of in n m a ki d park , to which , as if howli g sarcas , the 146

’ n m o e r wa s n In 1 5 the a e f Paradi s Pa k give . 8 0 Ladies Home Missio nary Society of the Methodist Church was m m w one o f con for ed to redee this spot , hich the ladies nec te d with the mission described as a more vivid re pre s n ta tion of n ha d m n A m e h ell tha she ever i agi ed . roo in on e o f m n a nd a n a t the iserable buildi gs was hired , m m b a nd s in te pt was ade to esta lish Su ay chool it . The boys wh o were attracted to it bycuriosity rather n b a n m n n tha y ydesire to i prove their co ditio , threw m a nd n o f b n so ersaults , fought cursed ; but i stead ei g n in o f m n b d dishearte ed , those charge th e issio redou le ff a nd m n m d t o s a n their e orts , atters soo i prove uch ex n da m a n m n te t that a yschool was added . Te per ce eeti gs m of a nd o ne of also beca e a feature the work , as the best mea ns of i mprovi ng the co ndition of those livi ng in m m n n for this hopeless locality , e ploy e t was fou d such n a n n n 18 54 as were willi g to earn ho est livi g . By the mission had made such progress that. its quarters beca me t oo m a nd a n ff m n m cra ped , e ort was ade to e large the . W t in V a ith his purpose iew , the s”ociety purch sed what n n Old y w t he a was k ow as the Brewer , hich was speci l ha d de n of vice in this headquarters of i niquity . It b n e r e ct i b in 1792 a nd n n ee d as a rewery , cha ged i to a “ n m n in 1 3 kn n a s De n of te e e t 8 7 . It was ow the a nd n w h r a n n Thieves , the arro alley w ich arou d i t as ’ ” M d M no b ur erers Alley . ysterious deaths , dou t due “ n h a nd d n h of to viole ce , occu”rred ere , the sud e deat the Old Brewery was a n expression c urren t in police u n nf m 53 circles . It was po this i a ous spot , Park street , ’ that the Ladies H ome Missionary Society erected t he Five n M n H h a s n n Poi ts issio ouse , which do e such oble work N ot n r e in redeemi ng this section o f the city . o ly is li iou s n n n a g i structio give here , bu t there is day school a n m nt n u d m n n l n with i porta i d strial epart e t , i c udi g a c n - m D n ooki g class a nd a fresh air ho e . eservi g poor are f d m n d n n a n . supplied with clothi g , ood edici es Lo gi gs ca n in m n r of also be had the issio house , a featu e these b n f m A ei g several suites o f rooms for destitute a i lies . fe w statistics will give some idea of the work don e a n nu a ll m n R s a d t o yby th is issio . elief was la t year fforde 632 e ntire families ; t o i ndividuals articles of cloth i ng were distribu t ed ; di nners were served to pupils at the day school ; 320 childre n were sen t to the

148

mm u 445 191 m n is su ed p as follows . , eals were give , the n n 296 a nd average atte da ce at school was , the services of 40 teachers a nd e mployees were called i nto req u isi n o f n n z tio . The pupils the day school si ce its orga i a n a i e a t e 4 1 010 m of n n tio gg g . . The syste bri gi g pupils m i n i t fro outside to the h ouse has worked very well , as ha s p re v e nt e d the stagnatio n of mi nd so meti mes seen in i nstitutio ns in which childre n are wholly isolated from n n outside i ﬂue ces . ' ‘ T H E I OMB s — m m C mm n . [Per it fro th e o issio ers of

P a nd n 66 n . ublic Charities Correctio , Third ave ue] On t o f n b n n n a nd the eas side Ce tre street , etwee Fra kli li e o na i d n the mb m m of N e w sta ds To s , the ost fa ous ’ s n n sti uc tui e fi ne York s city pri o s . The gra ite is a m o f n a i chite ct ui e a nd IS fi ttin l exa ple Egy ptia , g ydai k , ’ m a nd b n n N o i Y O i k gloo y for iddi g looki g . pa t of New s t o pog i a phyhas bee n so cha nged by the growt h of the mb n cit y as th e sit e u po n which t he To s sta ds . Hei e old or n was the Collect fresh water po d , a lovely sheet o f t h e of n in mm a nd of water , resort a glers su er , skaters in n In n 60 a nd wi ter . places the po d was feet deep, it m n m O n a n had t he com on reputatio n ofbei g botto less . n i n it u n n n isla d , stood the gibbet po which twe ty egroes u n n O n were h g duri g the negro riots (p . the n n i n su m waters of the Collect Joh Fitch co ducted , the me r of 1790 t o f mb . the firs trial the first stea oat with a ’ w n a n scre propeller . The po d s outlet was lo g the pres e n t n o f n a nd n in 1809 n l li e Ca al street , whe , , Ca a st reet was laid o ut a nd other i mproveme nts were made in this n wa s in a nd of vici ity , th e Collect filled , the pretty sheet t h n m n of wa er, whic had bee for so a y years the delight

- s m pleasure eekers . disappeared fro the topography of T h e mb b n a n b of for the city . To s has ee a ode woe n f not n but in early ﬁ ty years . It is o ly a j ail , its variou s de part ments exhi bi ts the machi nery of the m na la w in u n b ﬂ o f cri i l f ll operatio . A road ight steps leads from Ce ntre stree t to a b a ll i nto whi c h the To mbs Police Court a nd the Court of S pecial Sessio ns n In mb G i Ope . the To s Police ou t , which is to the

i s me te d m . r g ht , ju tice is out to so e people a yeai (l n tiie O pposite side o fthe hall i s the Goui t of Special n i s nn d b n n a s Sessio s , whic h co ecte by a ridge k ow the of h h n n Bridge Sig s, wit the priso . Across it priso ers n n n i e nte i e d are led after co victio . The priso tself is m n n In n old n fro Fra kli street . additio to the gra ite b l n n b n b i ick n ui di g , two priso uildi gs of yellow h ave bee e 1 e ct e d in a i ds a 1 e n n ne w the y . These k ow as th e m n mu r n in . n priso s . The cells are tiers If a co de ed w n n a nd o f n derer is a aiti g executio , th e day executio is n h b n u n him so ear that the deat watch has ee set po , ’ l m ut the visitor wil see th e urderer s cage , whic h is p up in whichever o f th e corr idors happens to be most n n n m In n mn co ve ie t at the ti e . it the co de ed are kept t e n b e fO i e n m of n n days exec utio . It is ade wire etti g , n h of C O PI' idOI' a nd usually occupies h alf the le gt the . It also has a wi re ceili ng to preve nt a nyone i n the cells n a n n or n c on above throwi g yweapo , rope poiso to th e m t o mm de in ne d . , by which h e igh t be able co it suicide ’ 1 M mb n 0 . The To s is saddest duri g visitors h ours ( A . 2 n m to P . whe others , sisters , wives , sweethearts a nd others i nterested in th e prison ers h old whispered n n m e co versatio s with the through th e bars of th ir cells , manyof the women breaki ng dow n whe n th e hour for ’ a a 1 me nt s is b n i n m . In t a part g co "es the keeper s p a c i et mu r de r e 1 s n e o m e me n of weapo s , ach f the i pl ts there havi ng a history T E R VII CHAP .

FR OM CI T Y HALL P R K T O MADI SON S UAR E A Q .

a nd nn n n m Broadway the streets ru i g i to it is , fro City t o v n of l k n Hall Park the ici i ty B eec er street , give over

W d a nd to the wholesale dry goods district . hile the crow

m a of v tur oil , the block des ehicles , the shouts of drivers , a nd the struggle o f pedestrians at the crossi ngs is i nter e n no of m n sti g , there is feature special i porta ce to call m n n for particular e tio . n 148 one of m n com Ca al street (p . ) is the ai arteries of merce from the Bowery a nd Broadway t o the North n river water fro t . G —A ll n n m RAND STREET . i teresti g detour fro Broadway ma be m G n n m C or le a rs y ade at ra d street , which ru s fro on n n a nd Hook the East river to Ca al street , crossi g it eu n b w n n on h teri g Des rosses street , hich co ti ues to the Nort G n a nd E lm B oa r d o E duca ti on river . At ra d streets the f ff w n mb of in has its o ices . The hole u er public schools a 302 G mm m a New York last ye r was . ra ar schools for les , m 48 for 13 m de 46 . ; for fe ales , ; both sexes , Pri ary a r tme nts m ma 8 0 m 38 p of g ra r schools , ; pri ary schools , ; n n 28 n u 1 a t s eve i g schools , ; a tical school , ; corpor e chools n n of 48 n mb u der supervisio the Board , ; u er of teachers m d n mb of e ploye , u er pu pils , total ex e nditu r e s m n n t n p , The ost i teresti g por io of n a of th e G n Gra d street lies e st Bowery . for h ere ra d street becomes the great retail shopping district for n a de nsely populated sectio of the city . The Polish n o f a nd on Jews t hro g this part the city , Friday afternoo ns hold a n Open air market in Hester street one G nd nd n m t n m block below ra , the ve ors bei g os u er ous in n b th e eigh orhood of Ludlow street . This is of in In a picturesque feature life New York . Lud o s ree n G n l w t t , just orth of ra d , is Ludlow Street Jail ,

152

ste a i nboa ts R m n , was eceipts fro liquor lice ses m n b a fte r n a ou ted to distri uted , the expe ses E n m n of the xcise Board had bee deducted , a o g various m a nd n n n n refor atory be evole t i stitutio s . At the south west corner of Houston a nd Mulberry streets is the large n P u k a nd N 3 M c o. 00 buildi g occupied by , at ulberry street betwee n Houston a nd Bleecke r is the buildi ng oc c u ie d m n a nd of p by the Police Depart e t , by the Board mm n n n Health . It is co o ly k ow as Police Headquarters o r C n Off the Police e tral ice . — P OLI C E HEADQUARTER S T h? police force of New C n m n n one n n n York ity u bers i cludi g Superi te de t , n of m in of n four I spectors , each the charge a certai dis t r i ct 36 n 158 n 40 - n , captai s , sergea ts , detective sergea ts ,

163 n m n a m n rou ds e , whose duty is to see th t patrol e are on a nd m n i I n their beat , patrol e , d stributed thirty ﬁve police prec i ncts a nd detailed for duty in the Police C n C m n a nd n m n ourts, the Sa itary o pa y t he Te e e t d n n n i n House Squa . The Ni etee th preci ct , what is “ n n n n i n k ow as the Te derloi District , the heart of the n n city , i to which large hotels , restaura ts , theatres ,

am n - h a nd i r a h g bli g ouses var ed reso ts ~re crowded , as the of 13 1 T he re is o ne o m n largest force , a total . p lice a to 550 of u n c om about each the pop latio of the city , as pared W i th one policema n t o e v e r v 343 in the Metropoli f n n a nd one t o 100 in ta n district o Lo do , every the

n o n n a cient city fLo do . The total a nn ual cost of mai ntai ni ng the New York police force is a bout The ﬁrst public watch me n n in 1693 n n n were appoi ted , the ordi a ce stati g that each watchman should be clothed in a coat ofye citty o m a nd livery with a badge f ye citty ar s , shoes stock n n now n n i gs . The e tire force is u der the supervisio of f mm n n n of me m a Board o Police Co issio ers , co sisti g four

one of m n d. bers , who is the preside t of the Boar To o n m of n a nd facilitate peratio s , there is a syste telepho e telegrap h commun icatio n between Police Headquart ers a nd all statio ns ; a nd at Headquarters a nd each station 153

are patrol wagons for the quick transportation of

large bodies of the force . The Broadway Squad , a b m n of n u a nd n ody of police e co spic ous stature stre gth , n n d n n is charged with preve ti g blocka es . escorti g passe n u m a nd gers , especially ervo s fe ales , across the street , mai ntai ning order on the crowde d portions ofB roadway n n to nn below Fourtee th street . Acc ordi g the last a ual ’ report the nu mbei o f arrests made duri ng th e year wa s ofwh ich were females ; lost ch ildren were take n care of by the Police Matro n at Headquarters one of m n n d m n a nd ( the ost i teresti g epart e ts to visitors), a ll but 23 restored t o pare nts or guardians ; property to the ’ value of passed through the Property Clerk s fﬁ or n W t n o ce was delivered at various preci cts . i hi the e n n m past t years arrests have bee ade . A record Of of c heap lodgi ng houses a nd dormitories is also kept .

- of in 270 these hot beds vice there are the city , with m n roo s , which received duri g the past year 025 d m m lo gers . The Detective Bureau , th e ost fa ous n of n n bra ch th e New York police force , attai ed its prese t n un n m n proﬁcie cy der I spector Tho as Byr es . An i nteresti ng feature of Police Headquarters is a ’ mu seum of cri mi nal i mpleme nts a nd the B ogues Ga l n of n m n m n lery , a cabi et photographs of oted cri i als , a y

m ﬁ ne - n me n a nd m n a nd the of who are looki g wo e , last n in one of n m perso s the world would suspect a ycri e . ’ The co nten ts of the museum i nclude burglars out m u n m n a a nd ﬁts , urdero s i stru e ts , each with history m a nd m of n h a victi ; , ost ghastly all , th e ooses with w ich n m n n w certai urderers h ave bee hu g , the black caps h ich n a nd w h w were draw over their faces , the cords it hich t l e ir han ds a nd feet were bou nd before th e y were swu ng oé

O O F L - T ll e of n of B ARD HEA TH . Board Health co sists n mm n of H Of a Preside t , a Co issio er Health , the ealth ﬁ e r of c n of of P . th e Port , the Preside t the Board olice n to nn n n Accordi g the last a ual report i spectio s , n n n m n m i cludi g te e e t h ouses , were ade by th e n n n nd m Sa itary Bureau . The corps i specti g food a che i cals destroyed pou nds of fruit a nd vegetables ; n o f m a n n n pou ds eat d ﬁsh . The disi fecti g corps fumigated rooms a nd disi n fected umm of m The s er corps physicians visited fa ilies . 154

’ The B oard of Health s last ann ual vital statistics show m a nd arriages, births , deaths . n n One block above Housto street , at the ortheast of B a nd n corner leecker Broadway , is the large buildi g M n t n n s ns n a nd n of the a hat a Savi g I titutio . ext to it is a small classic buildi ng occupied by th e Bleecker Stree t n t he e s in n n n . Ba k for Savi gs , old st savi g ba k the city ‘ W n r u ns n B rba dwa m ith Bo d street , wh ich i to yfro the ’ one b l west block a ove Bleecker street , th e pub ishers , ’ a nd m a l b m a ore especially the ret i ooksellers district , y O f e to n . n o n be said begi (p the south side Bo d stre t , n n fi r m of A l ear Broadway, is the publishi g D . A . pp e ’ t on o C n n a r e ub C . ; harles Scrib er s So s , who also p ’ lish e r s S cr ibner s M a a z i ne 45 a nd 47 of g , are at 7 7 M C o a r e Broadway , Opposite Astor Place ; Dodd , ead . at the southwest cor ner of Broadway a nd Cli nton Place ; a nd on n l d Lafayette Place , which ru s para lel with Broa A t Pla c e n mb n m way to s or , are a u er of publishi g fir s a nd b M n b the Astor Li rary , wh ile the erca tile Li rary n on buildi g is a large structure Astor Place . ’ —On n T OS PH S O . n S . J E H M E the ortheast cor er of ’ G n a nd L reat Jo es street afayette Place is St . Joseph s m n M n mm V n Ho e , u der the issio of the I aculate irgi for n of m a nd n the Protectio Ho eless Destitute Childre , a R ma n in m great o Catholic charity . It started s all in W n in 18 76 18 8 0 n quarters arre street , but by had grow — i n to a n i nstitutio n which required the present te n story n n its T he n buildi g for the prosecutio of work . i terior managemen t of the Mission House is u nder the care of n m n the Sisters of St . Fra cis . There are , a o g the ch ild re n n n n n n - m a nd , two divisio s , havi g disti ct di i g roo s m i n n dor itories . Those the first divisio , destitute , m y m n f n l ho eless bo s , who await th e ti e whe su ficie t y strong a nd possess e d of a good rudi mentary a nd i ndu s n t ma n m or ffi trial educatio hey ye ter so e trade , store o ce in the M on m in which issi secures the work , reside the m n n n ho e . The seco d d ivisio is for worki g boys who pay whatever they c a n for the excelle nt accommodatio ns m a nd n t M n afforded the , are apt , tha ks to his issio , to

m f- n non e st a nd n z n beco e sel supporti g , i dustrious citi e s . n in m o There are abou t childre the Ho e . C n n e ct e d w n ut n M n ith the i stit io is ou t Loretto , a ﬁ ne stretc h of fertile farm land with a nu mber of

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end one o Dr ofW n n n f . Cogswell . A bust ashi gto Irvi g n in n is co spic u ous the south hall . Those desiri g to u d o n b n n prosec te special stu ies are allowed , ri gi g a let ter ofi ntroduct io n from some responsi ble person k now n n t he to the libraria , t o have access to alcoves where they ca n m n ake their otes or write . i ii ii — in n n S a s cs . now There are the library , i cludi g ’ a m m a n d p phlets , about volu es , the librarys estate is est i mated a t about Th e whole n umber of readers for the past year were of m v In m n who were alco e readers . the depart e t of n a nd m in a nd in Scie ce Art volu es were use , the de partmen t of History a n d Literature maki ng a total for both departme nts of In the former departme n t the b i a nc h most co n s ulted was Chemistry a nd 8 339 v m a nd a n Physics , , olu es ; the le st co sulted D m n m n 249 m ﬁ u i e o estic Eco o y , o ly volu es . T his last g is a n apt co mmentary o n certai n aspects of A merican ma n v m o n Ml life . I t ybe oted that olu es usic were in lib i a r n h i n use , the ybei g especially ric this depart ’ m n n n n O i c he stra l of W n e t , co tai i g th e full scores ag er s o r a nd m m s In m n of pe as usic dra a . the depart e t History a nd Literature the b ran c h of A merican His tory was most in h n of um largely use , s owi g a total vol es . B l itish Lite rature wa s n ext with a nd then m n v m A erica Li terature with olu es . Dutch L w n 11 m ma iterature was last ith o ly volu es . It ybe noted that in the branch of Herald ry a nd Ge n ealogy m u n a n n there were volu es sed , showi g active h u t for n 0 11 m N e w mi . a cestors the part of so e— York fa lies R a r e B ooks a nd M a nuscr ip ts The library has a n iii tere stin n o f a nd m n g c ollectio rare books a uscripts , the D n m n m n 8 0A . a n earliest date ( 7 . ) bei g illu i ated a uscript “ on um n n m Le ctione s vell e titled Eva gelistariu , sive ex E v a n e lis n i s h s m n g . The ﬁ est , owever a uperb a u script of the seve ntee nth century on vellum parchme nt of z a nd a nd n I n moi g reat si e beauty , bou d purple occo “ ” m n n I s a n A n ti hona le n n with gilt ou ti gs . It p , co tai ing 228 pages of the A ntipho n al music i n use in the R m n c hu i ch 272 m a nd 53 o a Catholic service , s all larg e m n in of F i e nc h a i t i iatures the highest style , the larger n n n n n m m of pai ti gs represe ti g sce es fro the Bible , so e o n r n the w rk bei g authoritatively attributed to Leb u . 157

n n n m n fl e u r - - Th e su perb bi di g is or a e ted wi th a de lis , a nd of X n n with the ci pher Charles , at whose coro atio n n fi ne in it was desig ed to be used . A other work the “ G de m Omnius collect”ion is entitled raduale Te pore nn 1494 n m na o n m A i , . I t is fi ely illu i ted vellu wi t h a nd u m n a nd m n hug e Gothic letters sq are usical otes , i ia of s m a nd tures sacred ubj ects . To j udge by the ar s n b fi ll b b portraits of o les which the orders , it was pro ably executed b y order of th e pri nces assisti ng at the corona M m n i n 14 I n tion of aximillian as K i ng ofthe R o a s 86 . the collectio n are also o ne o fsix copies of the first letter um b n of n e w l of Col bus , descri i g h is disc overy a wor d ; “ e n of n W d the first di tio the Bible pri ted i th a ate , Biblia L n a n n of Sacra ati a, orig i al copy the Papal Bul l n L a n d n of agai st uther , three folio editio s Shakespeare n a nd n u in m (first , seco d fourth), which are e o gh the ma n v r e s e c selves to attract y isitors . Their dates are p ti v e l 1623 1632 a n 16 5 m n a nd d 8 . y , A o g letters auto m n m n n n m graphs are speci e s fro Fra kli , Jefferso , Ha il ’ t on H um boldt B e e thov e n z , Frederick the Great , , , Lis t , a nd n M of a nd Cuvier , Tali a . ost these rare works autographs are arranged in cabi nets a nd glass show - cases n w a nd h n n n arou d the stair ay , eac bears a card co tai i g a ful l title a nd additio nal descriptive matter b ut t he ra rest objects in the collectio ns are shown o nly on a ppl i n n catio . (See also Le ox Library . ) OOP U O —At n n o a nd F t C ER NI N . the ju ctio f Third our h n n n on n n n n ave ues , fro ti g Cli to Place , is the brow sto e n of m Un n n buildi g th e fa ous Cooper io , fou ded by Peter m n n Cooper, the A erica phila thropist .

n - ne Un n in 18 54 a n The cor er sto of the io was laid , d i n 18 59 C OO pe r deeded the property to six trustees to ou t h i n It carry the pu rposes whic he had view . h as bee n estimated that si li c e ot he Unio n wa s Ope ned n n not n n pu pils have atte ded the classes alo e , cou ti g the a n nd n of 200 nor lectures which h ave average atte a ce , n — m a nd f m the readi g roo l i brary , which are u sed by ro a nd on d to readers a day , holi ays , such as n n m Tha ksgivi g , by so e — S chools In the free night school of Science a nd Art 7 : 25—9 : 30P M m h m u ( . . ) a regular collegiate at e atical co rse ca n W m n m n be had . o e are ad itted to the Scie tiﬁc but 158

not m n s in e rs e c to the Art depart e t , except the cla s p p d n n a r t for m n tive rawi g , there bei g a free school wo a n the da duri g y. ’ Woma n A r t S cho l 9 M 1 e m s o . . t o M . The ( A P . ) a f l a nd i braces u l theoretical practical course n art . Ma ny pu pils of this school have secured situations as d n t n n m mb of rawi g teachers . Pa ter s desig ed by e ers the class in desig n are bough t by leadi ng manufac t urers in n a nd n a nd n in b t this cou try wove pri ted fa rics , so tha th e t aste a nd skill of the pupils i n this departme nt are dis y in dr y in N e w a nd pla ed goods stores York other cities . m n t n of m of 18 89 90 The a ou ear ed by the pupils the ter , ’ a nd by the previous year s graduates is esti mated a t 2 4 2 1 a i e fi e a 9 . e d i n 2 49 . n $ , The e also yschools ste og r a phya nd type - writi ng a nd i n te le g i a phyfor wome n Saturday n ig hts free le c t u i e s are delivered I n the great b n in m n a nd t e i e a i e hall of the uildi g the base e t , h lec tu i e s m n v a i io us cou i se s su pple e tal to the .

F r ee R ea di n - R oom of Un n 125x80 The g th e Cooper io , t h one o f . a feet , wi deep alcoves at the sides , is the l rgest a nd in n a nd m best equipped the cou try . The chief ost us e ful resources ofthe frequen ters of this readi ng - room in m z n a nd n 2 18 are the aga i es ewspapers . Last year , 98 6 b wn of h w in n ooks were dra , whic ere ﬁctio . T he n n m n in 18 90 in atte da ce at the various depart e ts , n 560 429 i R d n - R m 1 e a che d cludi g , , at the F ce ea i g oo , ‘ a o f56 4 019—c e i ta inl m n nt n total , ya ag iﬁce showi g , espe

‘ c ia llyas the la i g e atte ndance at the V a l lO ll S le c t ui e s has not b n n n n d n ee take i to co si eratio . — B IBLE HOUSE The large brick buildi ng occupyi ng

n nd r a nd u n the e tire block bou ed by Thi d Fo rth ave ues ,

a nd n a nd n Eighth Ni th streets , j ust orth of the Cooper Un n b in w i m n b io , is the Bi le House , h ch the A erica Bi le n 18 53 f m n Society has had si ce its o ﬁces, co posi g a nd n n m n a n d n m n 5 pri ti g establish e t bi dery, e ployi g 00 ha nds i n the work of pri nti ng the B ib le i n E nglis h a nd m n f n n a y oreig la guages .

n i n 18 16 h a s n n I stituted , the Society si ce the dis b tri uted Bibles . o n b n The Society carries its work yauxiliary bra ches , a nd b a nd b n ycol porteurs . Bibles other pu licatio s are

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“ “ u in en xx), the Breeches Bible ( breeches sed G . iii a nd r n R he imish , the earlie editio s of the Testa m n a b c e nt a d th e Dou y Bi le . It is especially ri h in works relati ng to the hi s tory of the E nglish Bible a nd the e f forts which have bee n made duri ng two ce nturies to m n a nd m a nd m n a e d i prove it, a o g its treasures are the arch ives of the A merican r evisers a nd the collection of b m for Am n fe w m n ooks ade their use . o g th e a uscri pts ow ned by the Society is a Hebrew roll co ntai ning a por n n m n tio of the Pe tateuch , brough t fro Chi a, where it is n in u se for n supposed to have bee several ce turies . On t n n n a nd S uyvesa t Place , which ru s i to Astor Place ’ n n t M a r /6 s P r ot ta n t E i S . es sco a l Third ave ue , sta ds p p C hu r ch old G n , erected as a private chapel by over or S y a n a nd n for tu ves t (p. Ope ed worship as a public h in 17 9 I n in h n churc 7 . the graveyard whic the ve er b n n n a le structure sta ds , Stuyvesa t is buried , the sto e marki ng th e site where he lies bei ng in the east wall of m the church . It was fro this graveyard that th e body

of n . n d A . T . Stewart was stole (p O pe aily , ex i u 9 M M u n a nd n . . 6 . cept S day Aug st , A to P . N E W C L Y — n O S O C . l Y RK H I T RI A SO IET Ope dai y , except M to M m in 9 . . n on n a nd . . Su day August , A P Ad issio n t t n f m m m prese a io of a card ro a e ber . Th e New York n in 18 04 a nd n Historical Society was fou ded , at o ce took

m t o m n t n easures secure books , a uscri pts , s atistics , ews n m n a nd papers , pictures , a tiquities , edals , coi s , speci m n n n Un e s of atural h istory relati g to the ited States , thus i nstituti ng in a comprehen sive man ner a library

a nd m m b n useu of such o jects , always , however , keepi g as its mai n purpose the collection a nd preservation of n materi a l relati g to the history of New York . As a result it has a l ibrary co ntai ni ng some volu mes

of b k a nd n m n oo s , bou d volu es of ewspapers issued in America from 1704 to the presen t time ; a large col

n m n a nd m n lectio of a uscripts , public private docu e ts

r m n d W a r a nd f o the earliest colo ial perio to the Civil , it is exceptio nally stro ng i n works relati ng to American nd n m n in history a ge ealogy . Here the A erica search of 161 a family tree ca n ﬁ nd a whole forest a nd select as ﬁ ne a nd varied a li ne ofa ncestors as that purchased by M a jor “ n r l ta nl in of n z n Ge e a S ey th e Pirates Pe a ce . The

m n n a nd Society also has a large per a e t picture gallery , while many of the pai nti ngs are portraits whic h have n n m n e w o ly local i terest , a y oth rs are valuable orks of n n E n n art . It ow s the Abbott collectio of gyptia a ti

uitie s - n n o q , well k ow to Egyptologists thr ugh th e studies of n a nd n disti guished scholars , t he Le ox collection of n n n n m Assyria scul ptures , co sisti g of thirtee large arble

b m n of N n v sla s excavated by Layard fro the rui s i e eh . in m n of n These are th e base e t the buildi g . The library , a nd n on art , Egyptia galleries are the ﬂoors above , the

n n n on n e tra ce to the library bei g th e seco d floor . The walls of the sta ii wa ya i e li ned with pai n ti ngs which have not foun d accommodat on in th e g a lle i y rO e i a nd on n n of t he fi 1 st p p , the la di g story at the eu i a nce libi a r i s n n m t to the y a ude , fi ely odeled figure of a n n n i e lica m C i a w i d m his I dia , a p by Tho as fro “ ” C z n in Am Progress of ivili atio erica , a group exe outed byorder of the National Gover nme nt for the Capi W n n a 1 t a lle i a nd tol a t ashi gto . The g y the collection of n n m the libi a r Egyptia a tiquities are reached fro y. A n libr a i ia n catalogue is loa ed by the . ti a n A ti ui ti — n u in th e E n es . o gyp q Co spicu s— Abbott collection of Egyptian antiquities are : l A colossal hea d in n n n n m tion of sa dsto e , the face pai ted red , bei g a p a a of T hothme s II I who a cc oulin S i r Ga r dne i st tue , , g to W n n o u 149 1 ilki so , was th e Pharaoh f the Exod s , B . C . Pha i a oh we a i s ci own o f U e i This th e wh ite pp Egypt , se i e nt m m y in n with the sacred p , the e ble of royalt , fro t . 43— A m ffi n in n illusti a t s all co u baked clay . This e s a c ui iou s m n n n n usage a o g th e Egyptia s . At the e tertai me nts of the rich j ust a s the co mpan y was about to rise m m l f n n c on fro the repast , a s al co fi was carried rou d n n n n of tai i g a perfect represe tatio a dead body , the “ m n u on bearer exclai i g Cast yo r eyes th is figure . ou mb D n After death , y , ”yourself , will rese le it . ri k n a nd ! 44 45 a nd 46 the , be happy , , are bricks without m th en o 14 e . 0 straw , possibly ade by childr f Israel 162

n m m Three woode cats with glass eyes , fro the cat to bs of a kka r on One f a nd n n S . h as its ace gilded co tai s the m mm of 152— m mm of u y a cat . Three large u ies the n mb of Da shou r n i . Sacred Bull , Apis , fou d the To s These are perhaps the most valuable exhi bits in the col n m mm n o lectio , as these u ies are very rare . It is said mu m m n On other seu possesses a speci e . the back of the middle bull ma ybe see n a n e t o f rope used for the of n n n purpose carryi g obj ects betwee two perso s , a stick b n n two a nd su ei g passed u der th e pieces of wood , p ou of ported the shoulders the carriers , together with n in b a nd su a large rope bag fou d the pit with the ulls , p posed to have been used by th eir atten dants to carry the for n m of food the sacred a i als . Two skulls the sacred l n in m 234— in bul are fou d the sa e case . Papyrus the 36 n a nd in Hieratic character feet lo g , suc h perfect pres e r v a tion that it does n ot require to be stretched on 460—A i n in paper . beaut fully executed spoo hard n n b n ma n mm n wood , represe ti g a Nu ia wo swi i g , sus tai ni ng in her exte nded arms a duck or goose which is ou t a nd m b of n 554—A n hollowed for s the owl the spoo .

n m w n - in n m n iro hel et ith a eck guard chai ar or , fou d at m n of b a 575 m of Thebes , with the frag e t a re stplate ( ) ade of n in m one of h pieces iro the for of scales , whic is the n n n cartouch e of the Egyptia ki g Shishak , who i vaded u m 971 B C 743—A n 0 11 Jer sale years . . caricature pai ted a m n of m n n n n on frag e t li esto e , re prese ti g a lio seated a n n a n d h m n a n thro e as a ki g , a fox as hig priest aki g ff n o a n d fa n 766—A o eri g f a plucked goose a feather . n 22 n w n i n fu ereal papyrus feet lo g , exquisitely ritte m a n d n m n t b n very s all h ieroglyphics ﬁ ely illu i a ed , ei g o t he mm n m n a nd e n d perfect b th at co e ce e t the , the illustration s representi ng the most remarkable events in f of — A n n th e li e the deceased . gold sig et ri g b n n m of S hoofoo S u his of G eari g the a e , the p the reeks , B C ﬁ ne of n n n . . , a piece a tique gold weighi g early th ree sovereigns ; h ieroglyphic details mi nutely e ngraved nd G z a n in m . be—autifully executed . Fou d a to b at hi eh Two ear- ri ngs a nd a necklace fou nd in a j ar at De nde ra m o f e n . f They are ade gold lea , have three p n of - z a nd b o fb da ts lapis la uli , two eads lue glass attached n a n m b to the ce tre , where there is also oval a ethyst ead c a t e en he n m o M n t h apped ach d with g old . T a e f e es , e

164

“ to n n 24 — n . 2 S a lva tor St . Paul bor e Heave by A gels “ R osa n u . , La dscape , with historical fig res — A mo ng examples of the Du tch S chool are : 259 Ja n “ ” B eer estr a te n W n n fi ne m t , i ter Sce e , a exa ple”of his —Dou w in m t . 289 h . 291 as er , The A rtis”t is Studio n 32 — J a n v a n E ck . 8 n d y , The Crucifixio Portrait sig e R R mb n 334—338—R u bens n with . ( e ra dt). , the authe ticity 3 n n 343 a nd of 3 7 has bee de ied by critics of authority . — b d l 349—J n teen a m 4 Ja co R u s a e . a S n 3 4 . y , f ily sce e “ ” 1—D r id T eni er s the oun er n n n n 35 a . , y g , I ca tatio Sce e G r m 3 5—Da r G a nd E a r l e a n 7 e . y — n St eorge the n 377 a nd 3 78 H olbein . Drago . n chool 38 3—38 6 Vela s uez 38 7—390—M u S p a i sh S : q . lo r il . h hool 398—402—N i chola s Pou ssin 4 3 F r enc S c . 0 — r u ssin 2 1—423—A n t ne W a tte u 405 Gu a s a e P o . 4 0i a p . — — r n t 5 —5 4 r Gr euz e 444 a nd 445 Ve e . 67 7 a e 436 441 . M m n a nd 5 8—591 c olle c n S t . 7 I ndia portraits by e i , is a n n of n o f u tion of pai ti gs th e I cas Per . u n m b a N os 634 a nd The D rr collectio e r ces . “ — lfu r i ll 43 T i tia n M m 5 J o. 6 63 Attributed to , artyrdo n n of of St . Lawre ce , sig ed . Possibly the first three his n n 644 pictures on t subj ect which Titia pai ted .

b to T i ti a n n t he . Attri uted , Areti o Poet This picture n in n o f v n n m M was fou d the wago a iva diere a ed achau , of M n a nd n who was killed at the battle are go , ﬁ ally n n of ne n i passed i to th e private cabi et De , d rector of the a n ma n m Musé e N poleo . There are y exa ples of the ' u in l l ii r r n m n m 736 D tch school the ” collectio , a o g the , m n m o f R . Co bat Cavalry , attributed to e bra dt R eturn i ng to Broadway a nd co nti nui ng up that thor oug hfa r e the ﬁrst structure of i nterest is the large iro n n n n a nd n buildi g bou ded by Ni t h Te th streets , Broadway nd n a nd dr a Fourth ave ue , occupied by the ygoods house

o f . . nn n . . E J De i g Co suc”cessors to A T Stewart , the f m u m a n n a nd th e n m n a o s erch t pri ce , pio eer a o g th e f n l dr o . gr eat retai ygoods dealers the city . Alexa der T b n i n L b n n f nd o n Stewart was or is ur , ear Bel ast , Irela , 20th of 18 23 in 10 the October, , died New York A pril , 1 6 n t he m n m to N e w 8 7 . H a vi g studied for i istry h e ca e Y in 1823 for h m ork , wh ere he taugh t school a s ort ti e , soon afterwards retur ni ng to Irelan d to secure t he m o d e ra te n im He n in fortu e left h by his fath e r . i vested it 165 a stock of Belfast laces a nd li nens w hich he brought with him n n n in 18 25 2 3 to this cou try, ope i g a store at 7 Broad wa n u u a nd n y. T he ve ture was s ccessf l his busi ess grew n m n n to extraordi ary di e sio s . He erected the s tore at ' n h a nd T e nth stre e ts a nd w in 1862 Ni t Broad ay . His fi ne marble residence o n the n orthwest corner of Thirty a nd n now fourth street Fifth ave ue , occupied by the M n n b m n m cons ic u a hatta Clu , was for a y years the ost p ous in Un W private house the ited States . here Broad n is way verges toward the orthwest Grace C hurch . G C C — n M 9 . 5 H H . RA E C UR O pe daily ( A . to P . Hardly a ny buildi ng in the city occupies so a dv a nta n n m a n n of geo s a positio fro architectural poi t view , for wn ff n n off it faces obliquely do Broadway , e ectively e di g i m n n G h the v sta fro dow tow . The first race Churc was in 1755 on n n C built , Broadway ear Tri ity hurch ; the n in 1 4 fi ne m n m n prese t 8 6 . It is a exa ple of or a e tal a i sona e a nd u n n Gothic . The p g the str cture joi i g it to n n G a i e in m the church , k ow as race House , the sa e In fi on t n i e tt n style . of the parso age is a p yg arde , wit h

- n ﬂ owe r - a nd well kept law , beds shrubbery , the whole formi ng a most picturesque break in the li ne of business h n of n - ouses . All the wi dows the ch urch are stai ed glass m m r n W n w in 15 e orials . The la ge cha cel i do illustrates m In t n separate pictures the Te Deu . the lef tra sept n w a nd in wi do are the Patriarch s Proph ets , the right n nn is the Sai ts . Co ected with the church a pretty little n in M cha try , which services are held daily, at P . . n n a nd f n a nd The co gregatio is very wealthy ashio able , there is a n idea pre v ale nt that it is a sel f- sa tisﬁ e d col n of w n of m nt lectio orshipers , partaki g religious sti ula s in mm a nd n a n not n co odious elega t quarters , d cari g very much what becomes of th e souls o f the rest of the m f G . o C world As a atter fact , however, race hurch d m n of m n h n oes a vast a ou t arduous issio work , avi g a on n n a nd chapel East Fourtee th street , betwee Third h n m n 540 a nd 542 Fourt ave ues , a issio h ouse at East n t mm m R Thirtee th s reet , a su er h o e at Far ockaway , a b a nd n m in G on t he h li rary readi g roo race House , churc m a nd Me m01 ia l 96 h n pre ises , a House at Fourt ave ue , whe i e a n i mme ns e amou nt o f i ndu s trial a nd m i ss i on i s m i e tt of da work acco plished . A p yfeature this i s a y nursery where worki ng women m a yleave their children 166

da the n b n n n a nd for the y, little o es ei g e tertai ed fed by the good people of Grace Church at a charge of o nl yﬁve n m ce ts to the others . — UNION SQUAR E Broadway is i ntercepted at F our te e nth Un n one of street by io Square , the prettiest pub in y n b 3 a nd lic parks the cit , coveri g a out % acres , ex n n m n n n a n te di g fro Fourtee th to Seve tee th street , d f m F n out i ro Broadway to ourth ave ue . I t is laid n

n b - a nd In law s , with shru s , sh ade trees ﬂowers . the

n n n n a nd 011 ce ter is a pretty fou tai with water pla ts , the n n n n n n east side , ear Sixtee th street , a dri ki g fou tai . At the n orth e nd of the Square is a broad space for parades a nd n z reviews . A cottage withi the park faces th is pla a a nd b n y n a nd n has a alco for reviewi g ofﬁcers , alo g the southern e nd of the plaz a in fro nt of the cottage is a n n m n m lo g row of or a e tal colored la ps . The Square is illu mi nated at n ight by a c luster of brilliant electric

011 n r n of lights a tall pole ea the ce ter the park . There are three statues on Union Square : In the south east quarter a bro nz e equestrian statue of W ashi ngton of z K n one of n m n heroic si e , by H . . Brow e , th e ﬁ est o u m n in n e ts the city ; O pposit e Broadway , at the souther ’ e nd the f of f of park , Bartholdi s grace ul st atue La ayette , erected in 18 76 byFrenc h reside nts of the city I n r e m e mbi a nc e of m 18 70 18 71 in w sy pathy , th e south est b i n f n n K B i owne z o L . quarter a o e statue i col , by H . . ' I he Squa 1 e is surrou nded by i mporta nt busi ness n m a tt i a ctiv e by buildi bgs . The ost is that occupied T iffa n 85 C o m u a nd m on y . , the fa o s gold silvers iths, the n of f n southwest cor er Fi tee th street , a visit to wh ich m n n m m m should be ade , as its co te ts for a veritable useu o a nd n t he n n f jewelry allied ai ts . Betwee Livi gsto ’ n a nd ff n is B i e nt a no n e i iodic a l Buildi g Ti a y s s , a oted p a nd m i ts book store . The usic t i ade also has head n n i U n m c on quarters a t a d ea nio Square . The ost s pic uou s b uildi ng on the n orther n side of the Square b n m n that partl y occupied ythe Ce tury Co pa y , which d t N ic o a s A d n z n a n h l . publishes the C e tur yma g a i e S . j oi ni ng th is O ii the cor ner of Fourth Ave nue is the

168

lect ures is by ticket Obtai ned 011 personal application a t n n V OI the bu ddi g . The support of the associatio is by nta r nt b n u yco ri utio s . On h n t t n Un n the sout side of Sixtee th stree , be wee io a nd d n a nd Square Broa way , is the free circulati g library readi ng- room of th e Ge neral Society of Mechan ics a nd m n a n n n n l n n the Trades e , i stitutio ge eral y k ow as ’ A r enti ces Libr a r n n n pp y, free to all perso s prese ti g a m m of certiﬁcate approved by a e ber the society , which h a s n oms on s n C nn meeti g ro the eco d ﬂoor . o ected with the socie ty is a free school Of mechan ical a nd - n n is n in a s free ha d drawi g , which co ducted the b e m n On m a nd n n A re n e t . this sa e block , adj oi i g the pp ’ s n a nd n n o f tice Library , is the etchi g e gravi g store K C O m e b m n in n F . eppel . Si ilar sta lish e ts this eigh ’ bor hood are K la ckne r s on the north side ofSeventee nt h n Un n u a nd B a nd street , betwee io Sq are roadway , ’ W un o n B o n derlich s the east side of r adway , betwee n n a nd n On m Seve tee th Eightee th streets . the sa e block , ’ ” but on the H u le r s n west side of the street , is y , a oted n ca dy store . B w n U n n a nd T n - road ay , betwee io Square we ty third is one of n of street , the great shoppi g districts the c ity , a nd all the establish men ts mention ed below are worth

n n o n on . visiti g , as busi ess is carried there a colossal scale On the block bet wee n Eigh tee nth a nd Ni neteenth streets muse u m a r e a t 8 77 . . V n n 85 C O is a , , A A a ti e whose store n a nd n n of orie tal goods ; , adj oi i g this the dry goods store ‘ 85 C O of n C n . Ar old , o stable O pposite this is the grea 85 n w t . . t carpe warehouse of W J Sloa , filled ith ar icles of domestic a nd foreign man ufac ture fro m th e c heapest o m n n t n a nd priced t th e ost costly . Betwee Ni e ee th n on t G m Twe tieth streets are, th e wes side , the orha Mf C o m a nd o o f g . . , silvers iths , the dry g ods house Lord ' 85 n n OfB roa dwa a nd ine Taylor . The ortheast cor er y N t e e nt h not e t n street , which is y occupied by a busi ess b n a nd o of uildi g, aff rds the curious sigh t a private reside nce in spacious grou nds in the line of the rush a nd m fi n Goe le t a nd tur oil of traf c , belo gs to the estate , will in m n mm On doubtless ti e be give over to co erce . the northwest cor ner of Twen ty - fi rst stree t is the china store

m O A t n - a o Co 85 C . f Davis , lla ore Twe ty third street Bro d M n S u a way c rosses adiso q re . R V C HAPTE III .

F I F T H A V E N U E .

L P F ROM W AS H INGT ON S QUARE T O C ENTRA ARK .

I n t o n m n of n order gai a co prehe sive idea Fifth ave ue , M n ne ce s which Broadway crosses at adiso Square , it is sary to proceed down the Ave nue to its begi nn ing a t W n n ash i gto Square . W S H O —W n n O n A INGT N SQUARE . ash i gto Square , rigi ally ’ F u o f b n n a Potter s ield , is a p blic square a out i e acres , b n o n n W 0 11 ou ded the orth by averly Place , the south

W h on Un by est Fourt street , the east by iversity Place , a nd on Mc Dou a n n the west by g l street . Washi g to Square separates the most fashio nab le from one of the least fash ion able quarters of the city ; though one does not no w a s m in n W n n , for erly , crossi g ashi gto Square , pass from the abode of wealth to th e abode of poverty a nd for n n vice , the southerly eighborhood has bee greatly m It l n i proved . sti l h arbors a large colored populatio a nd F n the re c h quarter . The most noteworthy buildi ng on the south side o f W n n is n m n M m ashi gto Square , the Ado ira J udso e orial u h a nd M n i n m m of - n n Ch rc issio , built e ory the well k ow t m n m h n on n Bap ist issio ary to Bur a . I t sta ds the cor er m n 011 n W Of Tho pso street . the east side , betwee ash in t on a nd W - g Place averly Place , is th e castle like o Un t he C of structure f the iversity of ity New York . N E W U S Y — n n n n YORK NIVER IT . This i stitutio Of lear i g origi nated in th e actio n of a nu mber Of citi z e ns who me t m 6 1829 a nd n s m n of Dece ber , , co sidered th e establ i h e t a n n n n t o u iversity , the pla bei g add a graduate course u m n n n in to the regular college c rriculu . I structio bega 1832 In 1841 M o a a nd in 18 59 . a edical Scho l was dded , 170 a s

La w o In 1 6 n of a Sch ol . 88 the graduate divisio the of a nd n n School Arts Scie ces was greatly exte ded , so tha t the i nsti tution is now really deservi ng of t he name Un a nd c n a nd iversity . The School of Art s S ie ces the d n 0 11 W n n Law School occupy the buil i g ashi gto Square ,

n O f b n in 1832 . n n the erect io which was egu I t co tai s , b n m a nd esides the regular recitatio roo s laboratories , the

n - m d n n b a m n a n a . cou cil roo , excelle t law li r ry A o g the n m m of n disti guished e bers the faculty have bee Prof . m M wh o in m in Sa uel F . B . orse , a roo the sou th tower carried 0 11 experime nts which resulted in the i n ventio n ’ a nd f n W e x e ri of the telegraph , Pro . Joh . Draper s p m e nts i n photography were carried on in what is now

the library . The Medical Sch ool occupies a bui ldi ng 011 East

w n - w n n a nd T e ty sixth street , bet ee First ave ue the East v ri er , Opposite Bellevue Hospital . Here a course Of two y n b n o n ears e a les the stude t to acquire , satisfactory ex m n n o fM D d a i atio , the degree . . , provided h e has studie m n d n l edici e for a n a ditio a year . Part of the structure u b in m y b sed for la oratories che istr , physiology , iology . l y a nd m m m patho og . ateria edica is t he Loo is Laboratory, t he mo ney to build a nd equip it havi ng been give n f L m n m n through Dr . Al red L . oo is , th e do or re ai i ng a n n m m a n in d m n o y ous . The last atricul tio this epart e t a m n 633 a nd n d m n N e w ou ted to , i clu ed besides a y a nd u n m a r the n y Yorkers st de ts fro other p ts of cou tr , n of R n n d atives Norway , Turkey, ussia , Fra ce , Ca a a , n M m n C n Persia , Chili , Hu gary , exico , Ger a y , e tral m a nd n A erica , Austria , Bulgaria Pola d . ' In Un n R b W n h rO h the iversity buildi g o ert i t p”laid t e n of Dre me b n e . sce e his powerful ovel , Cecil A ove Un Un n the iversity , iversi ty Place exte ds up to Four t e e nth S t 011 of f reet . the east side this thorough are are N O 9 C n n a nd at . the ollege for Trai i g Teachers , at No . 21 C n z n y the harity Orga i atio Societ . W N o R T n — 0 11 S H . A INGTON SQUARE , The houses th e north side of W ashi ngton Square are examples of the o ld N e w n b n ofb style York fashio a le reside ces , rick with a nd a nd m n a nd white steps porticoes , white sills pedi e ts , in m n n n w n f n a y i sta ces hite doors . Betwee Fi th ave ue a nd U niversity Place stand a row of these houses i n a n m nb n n m n F al ost u roke li e , like a co pa y of soldiers . ifth

172 ness conducted on it is mostly ( f a ki n d which appeals e of a nd f n to p ople wealth ashio . From W ashi ngto n Square to Fourteen th street the t of f n n u n greater par Fi th ave ue is give p to reside ces . At Te n th street a detour m a ybe made to the Je ffe r son M a nd n n a nd arket police court priso , Te th street h n T o n Sixt ave ue . this police court all the priso ers “ n in m n n n apprehe ded the fa ous te derloi preci ct (p. 152 n 0 11 m r n ) are brought . The priso itself is built ode i n a nd n n m n pr ciples , whoever has bee through the te e e t house district of New York will probably co nclude that the priso ners are much better Off as far as ligh t a n d air are co ncer ned t han they were before they were n d * apprehe de . On n h n w n a nd the ort side of Te th street , bet ee Fifth h n n n d n Sixt ave ues , is the well k ow Studio Buil i g , a u e b large brick str c tur , the earliest uilt exclusively for m M ne u W . o studio purposes . The st dio of illia Chase , n m in ma b e Of the ha dso est the city , which y visited d n n in n Satur ay after oo s , is this buildi g . Other studio b n 58 W t f - n uildi gs are the Sherwood , es Fi ty seve th b u n M a nd street , the ildi g of the Y . . C . A . (p . the n University Buildi g p . An i nteresti ng detour ma ybe made through Four t e e nth n n r street to Sixth ave ue , both Fourtee th st eet a nd the last - n amed ave nue bei ng a L o ng the most n ou crowded retail busi ess thor ghfares of the city . The b z of R M 85 n on large a aar . H . acy Co . sta ds the south n of n h a nd n a nd east cor er Fourtee t street Sixth ave ue , 18 h a for n fone c a n well wort visit , u der its roo purchase ’ the f ur nishi ngs of a house as well as a n outﬁt for o ne s m m self . It is erely a atter Of choice whether the visitor wi ll make a S hort detour u p Sixth av e nue a nd visit so me o f s on the large retail hou es that thoroughfare , or do so

om n - e fr Twe ty third str et .

* B ytaki ng at this p oi nt the c ross - town c ars whi ch r un dow n W e Te n h h o e e fe t h e c a n st t street to C rist pher str t rry, visitor r e a ch ~t h e e oft h e W e S a nd nm n ne of m p i rs hit tar I a li s stea shi ps , a nd b e h do s o if T eutonic ch o d it will wort while to the , whi h l s t he c o d 5 d 19 ou a nd 5 m nu M estic b o re r ( ays , h rs i tes) , the a j , th o f W S ne t he Cit o P a r is th e Cit o N ew the hite tar li , y f or y f Y or k f t n i T he un d u on a nd o h e m n ne a r e n . , I a li , port C ar , G i Fre nch li nes a r e n e a r he re a nd t he B re me n a nd Hamb urg li ne s n e fe i Hoboke n a r e easilyre a ch e d byC hristoph r stre e t rry. 173

— N E W YORK HO S PITA L On the north side ofF ifteenth n f a nd h n a nd nn n street , betwee Fi th Sixt ave ues , ru i g n h b n of through to Sixtee t street , is the large uildi g the N e w one of n t n York Hospital , the Oldest i sti utio s Of its n in U n a nd in N e w ki d the ited States , the Oldest York , n m n 13 h avi g received its charter fro George III , Ju e , 1 1 D n R n n B 77 . uri g the evolutio , its buildi g , roadway a nd n for N o t un a n Dua e street , served barracks . til J

3 1791 h n n . uary , , was the os pital first ope ed to patie ts Treatme nt of patie nts sufferin g from mental disorder n of o f has always bee part the work th e Society . These were treated in the Hospital u ntil the Socie ty purchased i n 18 16 m m n W m n a far at Bloo i gdale , here the Bloo i gdale m m a n u n 1 2 1 Asylu was co pleted d occ pied i 8 . The prese nt N e w York Hospital edifice was built in 1 n a nd m a nd 8 77 . Besides the receptio private roo s th e of in n fi ne wards the hospital , there are the buildi g a ’ m a nd n edical library pathological collectio . The total n u mber of patie nts treated last year was of which 306 be m n m are to credited to the Bloo i g dale Asylu . S n 1821 n n dm where , i ce , patie ts have bee a itted , The origi nal buildi ng of the New York Hospit a l was one O fthe first structures on Broadway above Chambers t not n street . Al hough it was regularly Ope ed as a h u nt 1791 n m m n s w ospital i l , a ato ical ex peri e t ere carried on n 1788 n m n n m u til , whe a edical stude t th reate ed so e ’ n v a r m n peepi g boys with a cada er s . The frighte ed boys conveyed the i n telligen ce to others a nd a mob u n m gathered , po which t he soldiers were co pelled to m n fire before the exci te e t was quelled . The large buildi ng 0 11 the northwest corner O f F ifth n a nd n Ju d e a nd ave ue Sixtee th street , is occupied by g , other publicat ions ; a nd on the south side of Six teenth n a n a nd o f street , e r Sixth ave ue , are th e church college

t F i X - S . r a nc s a v ier n n n n , well k ow Catholic i stitutio s . 011 th e northwest corner of Fifth ave nue a nd n C k n a nd t Eightee th street is hic eri g Hall , direc ly oppo it n th m n site the reside ce of e late August Bel o t . At 154 Fift h ave nue is t he large buildi ng Of th e Methodist Book Co ncern ; o n the southwest corner of Twe nty - ﬁ rst R m u h on t he n street , the South efor ed Ch rc ; orthwest n Un n u l in cor er the io Cl b , the largest purely socia club a d L C in the city ; n Opposite it the otus lub , which cludes 174

n mb o f me n a nd m n a u er literary , artists actors a o g its members ; on the sou th west corner of Twe nty - seco nd

’ ' B oussod V C O s a r t n . G street , , alado ( ou pil s ) store W here ge nerally a nu mber ofﬁ ne pai nti ngs c a n be s ee n on b t n exhi i io .

W E N T Y - H —A t n - T T IRD STREET . Twe ty third street , both n a nd n n Fifth ave ue Broadway e ter Madiso Square . Th e

n n - n y a nd block bou ded by Twe ty seco d street , Broadwa n n n w n m n Fifth ave ue , ru s here to a arro poi t , for i g a n n n n on n u n tria gle correspo di g t o a other the orth , but , l n - ike the latter , occupied by houses . Twe ty third street h a nd F n a n m n bot east west of ifth ave ue , is i porta t n a nd n thoroughfare . Betwee Fifth Sixth ave ues it is a w n b n cro ded retail busi ess block , there ei g here several o f n wn in a nd the best k o dry goods houses the city , also n of D R n 85 0 G C . the publishi g houses A . . F . a dol ph ’ u m n . n a nd . D n o G . P P t a s So s , E P . utto O n the north side is the Ede n Musée a nd on the n orth east cor ner of Sixth avenue a nd Twenty - th ird stree t the

- M n m On w n . aso ic Te ple . East T e ty third street are , at N O 6 m n . n G W n , the A erica Art alleries , here pai ti gs are n on n a nd on n o f ge erally exhibitio , the south west cor er Twenty - third street a nd Fourth ave nue the buildi ng o f ’ n M n n n the You g e s Christia Associatio . ’ M S H S S SOC O — v YOUNG EN C RI TIAN A IATI N . This is irtu ’ ally a young men s club of a somewhat relig ious tend n n un n n e cy , Offeri g also Opport ities for i structio , the club a nd instructio n fees bei ng within the means of n - n n ma n early every self supporti g you g . The Associa tio n Offers to its s u bscri bers the privileges of readi ng o m a mn m n b a nd r o , p rlors , gy asiu , bowli g alleys , li rary n n m a n baths , all well fur ished . I for al social g theri gs m mb ’ take plac”e at stated In tervals ; there are e er s n a nd m a nd n nm n a nd meeti gs usical Other e tertai e ts , b n m n b a nd nn s athletic clu , outi g , ra bli g , foot all te i n n a n n clubs . The Associatio ow s athletic grou d at n a nd s n M n a nd O ne Hu dred Fiftieth treet , ear ott ave ue ,

- 1 m n b R boat houses 0 1 the Harle river ear y. egular

competitive S ports are here held in t he spri ng a nd fall . The educatio nal de par tme nt carries on its work in a d t n m n n a nd n li beral a n ex e ded a er , classes lectures bei g h n n held chieﬂy i n t e eve i g . — NATIONA L A CADEMY O F DESI GN On the northwest

176

In its rooms ma ybe see n a coll e ction of implements which cr uel pare nts a nd others h ave used in torturi ng n n Its n o n little o es . Duri g sixtee years f existe ce i t has n n e rescued nearly childre , besides sh elteri g, f ed m n ing a nd clothi ng many more at its roo . The Preside t instru o f . the Society , Elbridge T Gerry, was largely m n i f n n S oci et or the P r eventi on e tal n its ou di g . The yf o r u elt to A n i ma ls n n on f C y , fou ded by He ry Bergh , is the southeast corner of Fourth ave nue a nd Twenty- second

D n n - s m st reet . uri g twe ty years it has prosecuted o e in m m n n cases court , co pelled a te porary suspe sio r m of n m ma n f o work over disabled a i als , hu ely d a b r a nd re kill e d over horses is led past ecovery , moved from the streets in ambulances over horses . It has a museu m of i mplements with which a nimals h ave n l d the ff n of bee crue ly treate , stu ed ski a dog killed at a z o n ff n pri e ﬁght , with all its hideous w u ds , the stu ed ski s m n m n m of ofthe victor a nd victi of a cocki g ai , a victi m rabbit coursi ng a nd si ilar objects .

MADI S ON SQUARE Fifth avenue crosses Madison n a n m n Square i n a straigh t li e , Broadway di go ally , for i g W ith Fifth ave nue on the northwest corner a small triangle occupied by a monume n t to Major - General

W B a nd n - orth (see below). At roadway Twe ty third h n f n in t e . street , ro t g h Square , is th e Fift Ave ue Hotel

m o - n n u Broadway is , fro here to F rty seco d street , give p

ﬁ ne n a nd . largely to hotels, theatres , restaura ts shops I n the l i nes of promenaders wh o throng its sidewalks “ Off- m n there is apt to be a dash of the color ele e t , wh ich becomes more pron ou nced as the shades of night d n m n - T eepe , for Broadway , fro Twe ty third to hirty “ m n n n fourt h streets , is the ai artery Of the Te derloi ” F n District (p . A block above the ifth Ave ue

Hotel are the Albemarle a nd th e Hoffman House . The Hoffma n House Café is elabo rately decorated a nd hu ng ’ w m n m m i th works Of art , a o g the Bouguereau s Ny phs ” On M n n a nd Satyr . the east adiso Square is bou ded by n n n o th n e nd of Madiso ave ue , wh ich ru s t e norther 177

Ma nhattan Islan d a nd is al most e ntirely give n over to

n on n n - On r eside ces ; the orth by T we ty sixth street . th e n ortheast cor ner o f Fifth avenue a nd Madiso n u e n a nd n Sq ar is the Bru swick Hotel , diago ally opposite ’ it m n m m u nt in Del o ico s , the ost fa ou s resta ra the Un ited States .

MO S — m n m n in M n NUM ENT . There are three o u e ts adiso u O n n nz u Sq are . the southwest cor er is a bro e stat e by ’ R n h R of W m L n o n a dolp ogers illia H . Seward , i c l s Sec re t a r yof State ; on the northwest corner a statue of m t G n n Ad iral Farragut , by Augus us St . aude s , prese ted to the city by the Farragut Memori a l Association in Ma 188 1 a nd in n n n o m y, , th e orther tria gle , f r ed by the n n of f n a nd B t he i tersectio Fi th ave ue roadway , Worth m n m n o u e t . — F a r r a g u t S ta tue The Farragut statue is considered th e mos t artistic work of its ki nd in N e w York a nd in n m n fact one ofthe ﬁ est Of oder statues . The sculptor has solved the problem of produc i ng a picturesque r e pr e se n t a tion o f ma n in m d n n n n a o er clothi g , givi g eve artistic value to such prosaic articles as trousers . The pedestal also is a noteworth y v ariatio n from th e o rdi nary c on ce t ion n m n m nt a nd p Of this ecessary acco pa i e of a statue , would h ave been still more striking had the monume nt been placed on some elevatio n as th e sculpto r believed it

" w t n h ould be . This pedes al , th e la s for wh ic were n a n W R n draw by St ford hite , is of orth iver blue sto e , a nd is flanked bya curvi ng wall beneath wh ich is a o f m m of seat , each the ar s for ed by th e curved bac k a sea fish . Next to the pedestal are allegorical figures ; t o n f 0 11 C W hat the le t Loyalty , the right , ourage . avy n o n a nd n n on li es , the pedestal over the i scriptio the n a nd l undul wall , cover th e desig s letters like a vei of a n n n n o ti g sea . The i scriptio Ou th e righ t wi g f th e wal l is biographical ; that on the left is as follows : That the memoryo fa dari ng a nd sag ac ious c ommander a nd n e - u e d m a n h e f f m c d o d g e tle g r at so l . w os li e ro hil ho was g iven c o n b ut wh o e d u m e in for to his u try, serv her s p re ly the war the X - X m e D . D D b n on . V a d U i A M CCCL I M CCCL , y preserve a nd h n e d a n d e wh o c m f him a nd wh o o o or , that th y o e a ter will we him m ch m a yse e him h e n b f e nd a nd foe his so u as was see y ri , ” m h e se t u m n me n A D MD c n e n . . XXX ou try av p the o u t CCCL I . 178

T he stat ue which stands u po n this pedestal is not a “ m a nd ere portrait study . The pose features express n n a nd m n the serious ess , the cool ess the oral stre gth m n n n n which acco pa y authority , a bold ess of co ceptio a nd a n n m n i itiative force , which are peculiar to A erica s n m i t a nd of which Farragut was a livi g exa ple . T here is the sailor with his si mple a nd W ell ordered cos m - b n S in tu e , the frock coat utto ed close , the kirt loose n n a the wi d , the figure well bala ced with th”e legs little n on m n n apart as is atural a ovi g grou d . The whole t of n n n ot m figure has the solidi y a livi g perso , the ere of m O f nz avoirdu pois a lu p bro e . David Gla sg oe Farragut was bor n at Campbell Station nn 5 1801 n K n . ear oxville , Te July , He died at Ports H 14 18 70 m m . . . m outh . N , August , He beca e a idship ma n of n n at the age eleve , his first service bei g aboard the m E ssex n n m n h A ler t fa ous d uri g her e gage e t wit the , a nd also whe n she surre ndered to the P hoebe a nd Cher u b V 1 1 mm r m i n of 8 4 . co the bay al paraiso , Co odore Po ter m n n O f e ded the galla t behavior the lad , Farragut , expressi ng his regrets that h e was too you ng for promo n In 1823 in on tio . he took part the attack the pirates z b n n 40 C . at Cape ru , Cu a Duri g the ext years his m n b of n a nd n pro otio was ythe slow process se iority , whe t he Civi l W a r broke o ut he was S ixty years Old a nd o nly a n V n a . 0 11 n Captai . He was the at Norfolk , , waiti g orders , a nd whe n Virgi nia seceded he took his pistols a nd his f m a nd n n ff a ily , haste ed orth to O er his services to the ’ nm n nine m n n W n n gover e t . After o ths idle ess at ash i gto h e was the n placed in command of the ex peditio n for n f m the capture of New Orlea s . Here he per or ed his t of of firs great feat war , whic h drew the eyes the world him 0 11 n h of 24 18 62 u n . po the ig t April , , he passed the forts u nder treme ndous fire a nd destroyed twe nty

m m n- m a n d m n ar ed stea ers , four iro clad ra s a y fire rafts , silenced t he t wo Chal mette batteries three miles belo w n a nd n n n New Orlea s , at oo th e seco d day had the city b n n n e neath his gu s . He ext passed the fortificatio s at V b n n o c o— n icks urg. but there bei g Operative la d force h e repassed them a nd withdrew to Pe nsacola for r e pa i 11 18 62 n of n a nd July , , he received the tha ks Co gress later f R m In was placed first o n the list o ear Ad irals . the h u C C n a n autumn e capt red orpus hristi , Sabi e Pass d

180

ﬁlli ng the block bounded by Madi son a nd F ourth ave

- nd n - n Its n n S a . ues , Twe ty ixth Twe ty seve th streets n d n a n m n m i terior is ivided i to a ph itheatre, e tered fro M n n a nd n n adiso ave ue , holdi g people , surpassi g the capacity of a n y other hall in the world ; a theatre O n n n n on M n n ccu pyi g the orther cor er adiso ave ue , with

b n i b - m m a eautifully decorated i ter or ; a all roo , the ost b m i n in ela orately decorated roo n the buildi g , the style of XVI mm n a r e sta ura nt Louis , acco odati g people ; ; a nd a n n n on m Ope air garde the roof , which will hold fro a n d b m z of to people , is lighted ya a e electric On n of u in lights . the southeast cor er the b ild g is the h b 300 tower , reac ed yelevator , feet above the street , the o nly poi n t ofObservatio n i n th e u pper part of the city from which a view o f New York a nd its en viro ns ma y M n G n be had . Directly Op posite the adiso Square arde , southeast cor ner of Madison Square a nd Madiso n ave

n ue Un . . is the iversity Club R n n f h a n N O 204 etur i g to Fi t ve ue , th ere is at . the art W m a nd 226 R 85 store of illia Schaus , at that of eichard C O where pictures m a yu sually be seen on exhibition ; o n h n of n - N O the sout west cor er T we ty eighth street , .

5 46 b - - n n o f 8 O 2 a a d C . , the ric brac a tique store Sypher ;

254 the n n - of at No . , foreig (ch ieﬂy Fre ch) book store C hr iste r n ; on the n orthwest cor ner o f Twe nty- eighth o ne of R f m D street , the Collegiate e or ed utch churches 124 b n on (p . ) with a ta let reciti g its history ; the oppo n ﬁ ne b n o f m C a nd site cor er , the uildi g the Calu et lub , w n F f a nd M n n o n n h bet ee i th adiso ave ues , the ort side

w n - n n ta n h of T e ty i th street , the Protes t Episcopal Churc

n n n n m n - of the Tra sﬁguratio , sta di g back a o g well kept n m in l n grou ds , a ost picturesque break the i e of houses, “ a nd po”pularly k now n as the little church arou nd the m m n n n . cor er, fro which so a y actors have bee bu”ried J oseph Jefferso n relates i n h is Auto biography the circu msta n ces from which it derived its name a nd its m n n G populari ty with the dra atic professio . Whe eorge n d n son o f Holla d , the actor , die , J oseph Jefferso , with a ’ l f M r n n o s . the deceased , ca led u po the pastor Holla d s u n n t n sister , who , however , po heari g hat Holla d had n a n n n bee actor , decli ed holdi g service at the church , addi ng There is a little church arou nd the cor ner ” “ ma done n o o where you yget it . The , if this be s , G d 18 1

‘ h e u n the n m bless t e littl ch rch arou d cor er , exclai ed n Jefferso . At the n or thwest corner of Fifth ave n ue a nd Thirty n t he K nicker bocke r Club m seco d street is , the ost ex in b on elusive social club the city . The lock the west

of F h n w n - a nd side ift ave ue , bet ee Thirty third Thirty b n o n n t . O fourth streets , elo gs the Astor estate the cor er

f - W m W o Thirty third street illia aldorf Astor, the n n prese t head of th e house , is erecti g a hotel . The of m in fortune the Astor fa ily is c h ieﬂy real estate . It is valued at about a nd yields a n an nual i ncome of about The estate is said to o wn

m n - so e dwelli g houses . n n o f J oh Jacob Astor , the fou der this g reat estate , n W n b 12 1763 was bor at aldorf , ear Heidel erg , July , ; i n 1 48 u son died at New York 8 . He was the fo rth Of a b a nd for u n n utcher , worked his father til he was sixtee old n n n years . He the joi ed a brother who was worki g for a n u ncle in the pian o a nd flute factory of Astor n n I n 1 3 85 L . 78 Broadwood , o do he sailed for Balti m a n n m n m n ore , with i voic e of usical i stru e ts , but conversatio ns which he h ad on shi pboard with a furrier c use d him n n in l to e ter th e fur busi ess New York . He was not long in setti ng hi msel f u p in busi ness on h is own n a nd m m accou t as a furrier , at th e sa e ti e acted as n 85 n a ge t for Astor Broadwood , bei g the first regular i n m n r m n in Un dealer usical i st u e ts the ited States . 1800 m He married Sarah Todd . By h e had accu ulated n a nd n fo r m a fortu e of the , the first ti e , established himself in a d welli ng separate from his In 18 11 n d m of s tore . , he fou de Astoria , at the outh t he mb O n n n Colu ia river , rego , his idea bei g to go i to the trap pi ng a nd tradi ng b usi ness on a huge scale in the W 18 12 n n far est , but the war of i terfered with his pla s . He died worth H e wa s fou nder of the r Asto Library (p . T he hill which rises from Thirty - fourth st reet to

- n n n M u r r a Hi ll a nd Forty seco d street , is k ow as y , is named after a n old family which once owned much ofthe W n of L n n property . he , after the battle o g Isla d , the h n m n who n Britis were pursui g the A erica s , were ﬂeei g the u of M n n nd Mr s M toward pper part a hatta Isla , . urray e ntertai ned the E ng lish ofﬁcers lon g enough for B urr to 182

conduct a retreati ng col umn two miles long unobserve d n m o m b withi half a ile of the h use . Th e ar le structure on the northwest corner of Thirty - fourth street is n o w m of M a nha tta n Clu b r e r e se n the ho e th e , which is the p t a t ive m u b n De ocratic cl b of the city . The uildi g was b 164 d n erected ythe late A . T . Stewart (p . ) as a resi e ce . b The house above it is occu ied ythe New York Club . —p UNI ON LEAGUE C LUE On the n ortheast corner of Fifth ave nue a nd Thirty - ni nt h street is the ﬁ ne buildi ng of t he Un n u u n R bl n io Leag e Cl b , the represe tative epu ica b of a nd one of a a nd m im clu the city , the l rgest ost

n l - i n Un porta t po itico social clubs the ited States . It n z 6 18 63 n b was orga i ed February , , i corporated Fe ruary 16 18 65 Ma 12 18 63 N o , . y , , it occupied its quarters at . 26 n n h 1 18 68 m East Seve tee t street . A pril , . it re oved to the ho use southeast cor ner o fTwe nty - sixth street a nd M n n now Un b adiso ave ue , occu pied by the iversity Clu , a nd n n b n M 5 188 1 i to its prese t uildi g arch , . The club n z n the W a r was orga i ed duri g the darkest hours of Civil , “ m n a nd n to pro ote , e courage , sustai , by all proper m n b a nd n h n ea s , a solute u qua”liﬁed loyalty to t e gover m n Un m m of e t of the ited States . The total e bershi p m m n 300 the club is li ited to The ad issio fee is $ , nn n m m 75 a nd of no the a ual dues of reside t e bers $ , n n m mb b n reside t e ers $45 . The clu has exhibitio s of in a nd l n to pictures its gallery , also ho ds receptio s which n n m o f b n ladies are i vited . The i co e the clu , accordi g t nn of to the las a ual report , was which m m n a nd nn d was fro ad issio fees a ual ues . The recei pts from the restaurant amou nted to $62 n fo r a nd for for wi es , liquors , m n a n ci g ars , The pay e ts for salaries d wages to e mployees aggregated The arc hi of b n P b 85 n B n teets the uildi g were ea ody Stear s , of osto . in n n n of m b It is Quee A e style , Balti ore pressed rick . with brow nstone t ri mmi ngs a nd ornaments of moulded n 8 4 0 11 n a nd 132 o brick . occu pyi g feet Fifth ave ue feet n

- n n h Thi rty i t street .

n - m 0 11 l n The readi g roo th e ﬁrst f oor, which ru s th e en tire le ngth of the Fifth ave n ue side a nd is decorated i n m n on Po peiia style , has each side four pillars with n n W n - n Cori thia capitals . i th readi g sta ds for periodicals runni ng to the wal l a nd formi ng pleasantly secl uded

18 4

n n S ix b - n are i te ded for . Broadway a ove Forty seco d t n ﬁ ne m n stree is largely give over to apart e t houses , as is n n h F or t v also Seve th ave ue , whic Broadway crosses at n seco d street . R etur ni ng to Fifth ave nue a nd proceedi ng u p to F O i t n 1 i s on n O I th F O I t v yseco d st eet , there the side of seco nd st 1 eet a nd F O ii I th avenue the Gr a nd C entra l

D t w n F OI - fi f h s i e o to t t st i e e t . t u t p , hich exte ds y This c u re 695 n 240 of i e sse d , feet lo g by feet wide , is p mm ii on n b brick tri ed with pai ted white . It is used y — three I a ilr oa ds the New Y O I k C e nt i a l a nd Hudso n R Y OI k a nd H a i le in i s b n o f iver , the New , which a ra ch m a nd N e w n a nd the for er , the York , New Have Hart n — m a nd o f n m ford . The waiti g roo offices the last a ed are on the south side ; those o fthe other two compa nies o n - v m n the west . The glass co ered arch fro u der which a l l t i a ins n of 200 110 start has a spa feet , is feet high a nd nn n n n d n a nd ru i g the e tire le gth o f the buil i g , is capable of accommodati ng 12 trai ns o f 12 pa ss e ng e i t On i s a n ca s each . the west side a police st t io for t he 0 11 A 11 d officers who are s pecial duty at the depot . ad i

n n n f m - n - ﬁ fth tio , also exte di g ro Forty seco d to Forty a nd n b ha lft he b n street , coveri g a out block etwee Fourth a nd n n n d n m n n a nd Lexi gto ave ues , is use for i co i g trai s there are accommodatio ns here for people who a r e wait in n g for trai s . t B t olome w JlI issi on — One n m n a r h . S . Of the ﬁ est issio houses in New York City sta nds 0 11 the north side of

y- n d n n Fort seco d street east of Thir ave ue , coveri g a lot n 1 0 a n 75 feet fro t by a little over 0 feet deep . It is a h d m of n of W m II so e structu re five stories , after pla s illia . R R n n R s I n t he ussell . of e wick . Aspi wall u sell . m n la I e la v a t O i v b a nd showe i s base e t is a g with aths , a nd n 22 f n b v 16 n w a plu ge eet lo g feet wide , i to hich u nfO i t una te s who c o me to t he missio n u ii de i t he influ n o r a i e c e nt e i n n on e ce f liquo dipped . The e tra ce the n m a t he R M s n m w grou d roo le ds to escue i sio roo , hich a m 1200 n n will ccom odate people . The e tra ce t o the dif n fe re nt stories ofthe buildi ng is 0 11 the eastern side . I t he rooms of these stories a great variety o f missio n n n n n 0 11 f a work a d i sti ctio will be carried , a special e ture i i r te n O n t h e m bei ng a k nde g a class . the fourth floor is mn um n n of I OOf m a gy asi , a d a portio the will be ade 18 5

n mm d n in le i to a su er gar e . Th e house is the sty of the a n R n n n n l m Itali e aissa ce . Th e first story is of I dia a i e n t a n r F m sto e wi h gra ite wate table . ro the first story c or nice to t he to p th e re will be ligh t buff brick wi th ' ‘ form, t mm n l he a a d ha s l co ta tri i g s . f c e three bays fil ed i n wi th cas t i ro n work a nd mullio ns formi ng the frames o fthe nd T he f in n h wi ows . fi th story , the cor ice , is ric ly m e in t t m n ng od led erra co ta . The issio house belo s to t he t B a r the l/mi c w w u a n d o n parish of S . , hose ch rch st s ‘ t he southwes t cor ner o f li o rty- fourth street a nd Madi so n nu a nd o ne o ft he n t n in ave e , is wealthiest co grega io s t m mbe r o f t he V nd b f m the ci y , several e s a er ilt a ily wor n O n e a s t M d n nu e shi pi g there . the side of a iso ave , b n - f t a n d F - fi fth t etwee Forty our h orty stree s , is the h nd m ne w bu n o fthe M n a t n A l t u b a so e ildi g a h ta th e ic Cl , a nd o n the northea st corne r o f h’la diso n a ve n ue a nd Forty - fi fth street t he { a il ro a d b ra nc h o f the You ng ’ M n r t a n A n b f m f n e s Ch is i ssociatio , uilt ro u ds su pplied ho V a n l by t derbi ts . 0 11 Fi ft h av e nue above Forty - seco n d s treet a re ma ny o f n ' d n places worshi p, as well as fi e pri al e resi e ces . The northeas t cor ner o f Forty - thi rd street is occu pied by

T e m le E i na n n - E l na e the p , a Jewish sy gogu , the pro p e r t o f o r a i i imt t io i i It in a ra c e i i ic y a very weal thy g . is S n m n o f in U n style , the ﬁ est speci e i ts class th e ited Sta tes a nd o ne o f the cos tliest places o f worsh ip in n u o n f h n n the city . Co spicuo s the Fi t ave ue fro t are ni ina r ts n w m t e h a . a l two , wit rtistic ope ork The a eri in its n n n a nd l n d n used co structio are brow yel ow sa sto e , b f d a nd re d n n o n . z lack tiles al ter ati g th e roo , (L Ei lit ,

O n s o u hwe st o rne r o f rt - fi fth s t re e t architect). the t c Fo y is the Uni versalis t Chu rch of th e Divi ne Pater nity ; b n F - f f a nd - o n t he t etwee orty i th Forty sixth streets , wes s d o fthe H n li s a nd o n i e , the Church eave ly e ; the block b W nd l l ote l a ove , the i sor .

— - JAY Go nna O n the northe a s t c o r ne r o fForty seve nth 5 9 f n d n o . 7 t f street , No Fi h ave ue , is the resi e ce Jay ( lo uld n n m n a t f , a brow sto e structure with a a sard sl e roo .

G n C o . R . Jay ould was bor at oxbu ry , Delaware , N . Y ’ A s bo on f m a nd d f a yhe worked his ather s far , to e ray the ex pe nses o fhis tu i tio n at IIo ba rt Acade my he be c m b - fo r b m t b n a e ook kee per a lacks i h . Su seque tly h e m d s of U a nd n n a e survey lster , Delaware Alba y cou ties , 18 6

a nd organi zed surve ying parties for two c ounties in Ohio a nd one in M n m of ichiga . Fro the profits this work he “ 000 In 1856 H o saved $5 . ” he published a istory f n in m n b Delaware Cou ty . After a year the lu beri g usi n m n n n of R n a nd ess , he put all his o ey i to bo ds the utla d W n n R R a t 10 n on d a nd ashi gto . . ce ts the ollar , so suc ce ssful in a nd m n was he this si ilar e terprises , that he m in 18 59 in n n beca e a broker New York , i vesti g heavil y in R b m n n of Erie ailway stock , eco i g preside t the road , n n 1 2 n n a posi tio he held u ti l 8 7 . He has si ce the acquired mm n W n n a nd c on i e se ester railroad i terests , is the t rolin n in M n n g perso ality a hatta (N . Y . City) Elevated R w a nd in W n Un n ail ay the ester io Telegraph Co . M 13 188 2 m he n n a m areh , , ru ors that was fi a ci lly e bar r a sse d n b n l mm n me n havi g ee circu ated , he su o ed several of high standi ng to his office a nd exhibited in in own n m ff n securities his a e , o eri g to produce m ore if they so desired . O n the southeast corner of Forty - eighth street is the n of n Goe le t b R r Goe reside ce Ogde , whose rother , obe t

o n n of - n n let , resides the southwest cor er Forty i th Goe le t s n street . The are , ext to the Astors , the largest in private holders of real estate New York City . the annual i nco me from their estate havi ng lately turned n n n of the poi t . The orthwest cor er Forty eighth street is occupied by another of the Collegiate n b Dutch R eformed churches (p . It ow s th e ell pre 19 n n in se nted by Mi nuit (p . ) to the ﬁrst co gregatio m t d m On the n —n n New A s er a . east side , betwee Forty i th a nd n m a nd Fiftieth streets , is the Bucki gha Hotel i ts

d un a . a j ct , the Belgravi — COLUM BIA COLL EG E On the east side of Madiso n n n n b n M n ave ue , occupyi g the e tire lock bou ded by adiso a nd n - n n a nd Fourth ave ues , Forty i th Fiftieth streets , m n n n is Colu bia College , th e greatest educatio al i stitutio in the city a nd in the f ront ran k o f the educational in stitu tions o f cou nt r v n n the , a positio it has attai ed n n n u n t withi rece t years . duri g wh ich , der the las part of the admi nistratio n of Preside nt Frederick A . P~. n a nd n fulﬁ ll Bar ard his successor , Seth Low , i t has bee n ing its mission as a great u iversity .

188

consequence of the establishme nt of the College o f n a nd n in N e w m d Physicia s Surgeo s York , the e ical l n n d bu t in 1860 of schoo was disco ti ue , the College Physicians a nd Surgeo ns was merged i nto Columbia l m n l Col lege as its medica depart e t . The Law Schoo o f um b in M a 1858 in 18 63 Col bia College was esta lished y, , l of M n n m n m a n in the Schoo i es , certai ly a is o er for s titution in which a f ull scie ntiﬁc course is carried 011 i n 188 0 o f S e l e nce a nd in 18 90 a School Political , a m f m School of Philosoph y . The college was re oved ro old b now i n 185 i ts site to the lock which it occupies 7 . n m not a n It derives its large i co e , ytoo larg e , however , for the vast amou nt of work it carries 0 11 a nd the be neﬁ t s which accrue to its stude nts at a v ery moderate m n of b n o n n n d fee , fro the re tal uildi gs the la d gra te to i t b n a nd a lso on of n yTri ity Church , a tract la d of about 20 b n a nd n m acres etwee Fifth Sixth ave ues , fro Forty

n h f - ﬁ rst n seve t to Fi ty streets, the latter gra ted by the State to th e College in 18 14 a nd Valued at the ti me a t n 00 f a nd n o f o ly $5 0 . The pro essors other i structors Colu mbia Colle g e are probably the best paid in the Un In 18 74 ne w n for ited States . a buildi g the School ofMi n es was erected at a cost of a n d in 18 79

ne w buildin . H a milton H f n a g ( all), a ter th e pla s by C . C . of b . n m Haight , for the School Arts Dr . Bar ard eca e presiden t i n 18 64 a nd held the ofﬁ ce u nti l his death in 18 9 18 80 d n n 8 . April , It was about , uri g h is preside cy , b n n a nd that the College ega to be rege erated , the work n now n i naugurated by Dr . Bar ard is bei g carried o ut by h Low d n in b 1 8 8 9. Set , who was elected presi e t Octo er , I n Ma 18 90 d n un y, , the trustees a o pted a pla for iversity n n i n nn n w i structio co ectio ith the Colleg e , c reated a ne w a ll faculty styled the Faculty of Philosophy , placed u n iversity work i n mathema tics a nd the n atural a nd applied scie nces u nder th e charge of the faculty of the M n a nd n Un n School of. i es , co stituted a iversity Cou cil to have gen eral supervision of the work of the University as

a whole . nts —Col un1bia m n Dep a r tme . College e ploys a preside t nd 204 n a nd n a nd a professors , i structors assista ts , has i n m n n s timu al l the depart e ts stude ts , who are l ated i n their work bynu merous valuab le scholarshi ps m n o f m f n e n a nd fellowships , a y the ou ded by private 189

n m m m mis dowme t . The ter college has al ost beco e a n m n n n n o er for the i stitutio , its work havi g expa ded so n m u n n m m e or ously d ri g rece t years . Colu bia see s n n b be desti ed to have a great future as a u iversity , oth cause oi its resources a nd the learni ng of its various a nd n in n a nd faculties , its locatio the chief scie tiﬁc , art , n W n n literary ce ter of the New orld . Free tuitio is give o n n me n un n n n a nd t deservi g you g der certai co ditio s , several free scholarships have bee n established . Th e de part ments of i nstructio n i n th e S chool of A r ts e m l b in u a nd brace e a orate courses th e classics , literat re n n u m w studies pertai i g to the sual college curriculu , ith m n t of - a y elective s udies . Th ere is a course post graduate i nstruction in the higher bran ches of the studies pursued in n - m n d of the u der grad uate depart e t , with egrees M of of o ofL aster Arts , Doctor Philosophy , D ctor etters , nd n m of n n in a Doctor of Scie ce . The syste i structio the chool o M ines m f n m S f e braces a ull scie tiﬁc curriculu ,

n n - u in i cludi g Architecture , with post grad ate courses n n n n n n n a nd for Electrical E gi eeri g , Sa itary E gi eeri g , of of the degree Doctor Philosophy . There are also o u n t he h special higher courses fall studies ta gh t i sc ool . The S chool of L a w exceeds in reputation a nyla w school in Un S chool o P oli ti ca l S ci ence the ited States . The f gives a complete ge neral view of all branches of i nternal a nd n l m n n exter a public polity , fro th e threefold sta d poi t f a nd h ol P hi l o o . S c o o os history , law philosophy The f ’ phys course of study emb races th e higher branches of in he of several of the studies pursued t School Arts . F or S chool o M edi cine a 200 f see p ge . The stude nts a nd graduates of Columbia College have of b n a n n um the use a li rary co t i i g over vol es , n o n ff a nd subscribi g t more tha 500di erent serials . There are also in the various departments cabi nets a nd c ol n of m n a nd m a nd lectio s speci e s odels, the various laboratories are fully equipped . Th e block on Madiso n ave nue above C olumbia C ollege is occu pied by a grou p ofbuildi ngs resembli ng a Floren n one oi m n b of d n ti e palace , the ost striki g locks resi e ces in m n d n - n n the c ity . A o g its resi e ts are suc h well k ow z n R e of t he T r ibune a nd citi e s as Whitelaw id , editor , m Edward D . Ada s . ’ S T — n n . PATRICK S CATH EDRA L The e tire block bou ded 190

byFi ftieth a nd Fifty - ﬁ r st streets a nd Fifth a nd Madison ’ n b c onsid ave ues is occupied ySt . Patrick s Cathedral , ered the largest a nd the ﬁ nest church buildi ng in the Un n ited States . O pe every day .

The corner - stone of this nob le structure was laid A u 15 18 58 b m gust , , yArchbishop Hughes , so e peo

le n n m n Ma 25 p havi g gathered to wit ess the cere o y. y ,

18 79 wa s n Mc Clos , the Cathedral dedicated by Cardi al n 36 b a nd bisl10 s a nd key , surrou ded by arch ishops p , m n 400 ore tha priests .

E x icr — m R e n i m . n n The buildi g , after pla s of Ja es ﬁ ne m of a nd e ome t1 ic wick , is a exa ple decorative g style o f G a 1 c hit e c tur e a rc h ite ctm e of 1 e s1 othic . Th e the u of e hbisho s a nd n n in de ces the ar p ca o s , the rear of the m n z h of m n Cathedral , har o i es with t at the ai structure . m n n of n 306 The di e sio s th e Cathedral are : Le gth , feet ; of 54 n a nd height side aisles , feet ; breadth of ave choir h 120 n of n 140 wit the chapels, feet ; le gth tra sept , feet ; 108 w height , feet . Above the base course , the hole ex t e r ior of w m b n n o n f is hite ar le . The pri cipal fro t Fi th n n of n 156 f ave ue co sists a ce tral gable eet high , with a tower a nd spire on each side re a chi ng to a h e l g ht of3 30

In 110 f a b . feet . the towers eet ove the grade of the ave n ue ﬁ ne m of i n n is a chi e bells , the heaviest the cou try , ’ weighi ng pou nds as agai nst Tri nity s I n t r i or — m e . n The i terior of the Cathedral is crucifor , ‘ n d n n n a nd 1 a d is ivided i to a ave , two tra septs , a choi sa nc tua t n 164 n 96 d or y. The ave is feet lo g , feet wi e n t he a nd 124 e b 1 d betwee side aisle walls , fe t oa if the s n 1s i d b mn side ai le c hapels are i cluded . It d vi ed ycolu s n n ba b n 23 i n n i to seve bays , each y ei g feet le gth , with n one 26 n the exce ptio of the ﬁrst , which is feet lo g , It

- n n n 48 w a nd is cross sectio ed i to a ce ter aisle , feet ide 1 10 feet to the a pex of the groi ned ceili ng ; two side a 24 a nd 54 f u n isles feet wide eet high , the chapels der the wi ndo w sills at the side aisles bei ng 14 feet wide by 18 f n 144 f n o r n eet high , tra septs eet lo g , choir sa ctuary 95 n h n b a nd b n m n d feet lo g , avi g three ays , ei g ter i ate at the east e nd in t he ce ntral aisle bythe semi - decago n T he c olunms h n apside . whic divide the ce tral aisle

191

m of m 35 fro the side aisles are white arble , feet h igh , a nd co nsist o ffour main colum ns a nd eight others clus t e re d n the m n m b n 5 to a ce tral shaft , co bi ed dia eter ei g feet ; the arches between the column s rise to 54 feet ; the t re for ium 15 a nd of is feet high , is covered by the roof 56 of the side aisle . A passage feet above the floor the Cathedral leads through the tr e for ium a ll aroun d the b n n n n n uildi g . The third story wi dows are a co ti uatio o f of t re for ium n n of the tracery the . The spri g li e the n of n m l ceili g the ce tral aisle is 77 feet fro the f oor . The seati ng capacity of the floors of the n aves a nd transepts i s 2 500 m n 408 m 8 t o 11 about , , divided a o g pews fro feet n n 1s in le g th . The sa ctuary floor raised six steps above m n a nd the ai floor , the high altar is th i ec steps higher , n of m a nd m in the steps bei g gray arble , the platfor n o the of m All fro t f altar rich ly colored arble . the w of wood ork is white ash . A lta r s — n e nd of . The h igh altar sta ds at th e east the st t u ctu r e in n 1 1 1 0 the c e ter aisle of the choi . The e ed s 23 feet wide a nd 50 feet hi g h t o the t 0p of the ce nter nn a t B r ie uc n in pi acle , was carved St . , Fra ce , P oitiers n a nd n by o f . sto e , was prese ted the clergy th e diocese In n of 1 IS n n n n the ce ter tower the credos a iche , co tai i g n n n a statue of the Saviour , the two fla ki g towers beari g of a nd n statues St . Peter St . Paul , the towers bei g n of n c row ed with pierced spires Ope tracery work . The three n ic hes betwee n the ce n tral a nd corner tower on either side contai ns angelic figures beari ng emblems of n e a nd n of the Passio . The altar pr per the lower divisio t he reredos are of purest Italian marble i nlaid w ith ala a nd m a nd n t in basters precious arbles , were co struc ed i a nd n in n m Italy . N ches pa els th e fro t of the botto part of the altar co ntai n respectively statues of the n a nd - of S u e l C Eva gelist , bas reliefs the Last pp , th e arry i n of 0i e ss a nd n l n G n a ll of g the , the Ago y the arde , the m n on purest Carrara arble . The taber acle th e altar is ofm in R m n m a nd n arble decorated o a osaics , fla ked by mn o m nz colu s f rare arbles . Its door of gilt bro e is set m a nd n a nd of n with e eralds gar ets , was the gift Cardi al M loske of ffi n c C y. A crypt or vault su cie t capacity to con tai n 42 coffi ns a nd i n tended for the entombi ng ofthe h of N o is un r o o e arc bishops ew Y rk , de the fl or f th n u sa ct ary . 192

O e a re : T he of the V n th r altars Altar Blessed irgi , at n e nd n d of n the easter of the orth si e aisle the sa ctuary , of Fren ch oa k a nd white marble ; t he Altar of the S a i h n of nz a cred Heart , the south tra sept , bro e ; the Alt r m in t he n h n of n n of the Holy Fa ily , ort tra sept , Cae sto e , of n of S a n n the gift Joseph Do oh ue Fra cisco ; St . ’ in n Joseph s Altar , fro t of the west walls of the sacristy , b nz a nd m a nd n of ro e osaic . This al tar the wi dow of n o M r s n M . f n St Ag es , above it , are gifts . Ag es aitla d . ’ A r chbisho s T hr on e of n oa k The p , carved Fre ch , is n mn n t he n a erected agai st the first colu i side sa ctu ry . The superb Gothic can opy over it is supported by columns a nd crow ned by octago nal lanterns o f fi n e n n of n desig . The sa ctuary rail polished brass bra ches out from the first colum n in the form of a n elliptical P u l i t mn t he curve . The p at the first colu outside sanctuary of the mai n altar on the epistle side is of Gothic style a nd is the gi ft of the clergy of the diocese over which Cardi nal M c Closke ypresided when he was a nd m m of nn archbishop , a e orial the fiftieth a iversary of his ordi nation to the priesthood . — Wi ndows There are in a ll seventy wi ndows i n the

- s n of n n m Cathedral . Thirty eve these represe t sce es fro Scripture a nd the lives of the Sai nts a nd have bee n m n of a n n a nd . do ated , for a rich collectio st i ed glass The two wi n dows of the tra nsept are the most elabor

- b n w n ate . The six aye d wi do over the south tra sept n w n door is the titular wi do of the Cathedral , bei g the f n n w . n n o n wi do of St Patrick , co sisti g eightee sce es m l n nn n fro the ife of that sai t , the series begi i g at the base of the left - hand bay a nd ru nn ing u pward in li nes f ' of In n o . three each . the ce ter the tracery St Patrick s i n n in coronation n heaven is re prese ted . Arou d it a n n n circle hover a gels (after Fra A gelico), each holdi g a on n mn n scroll which the li e of a hy is i scribed , all the n n n mn scrolls together co stituti g the e tire hy . This ’ n t wi do w is the gift of old St . Patrick s Ca hedral to the ne w a nd n d- a n the , , like all th e other stai e gl ss wi dows of

in n . Cathedral , was executed Fra ce Located over the n n n w V n orth tra sept door is the wi do of the Blessed irgi , b n in n n n n the gift of the Al a y diocese . It is i etee sce es , m f in n of which are read fro le t to right li es six each , the o on n n en e i a e win o c r atio bei g repres t d n the tr c ry d w ,

194

sh ows the architect submitti ng h is plan to Al’ C hblShOp n M C loske n i . c n n Hughes Cardi al ysta ds the foregrou d . te n n b nn n on n r There are aisle wi dows , egi i g the orth o

. n of n : gospel side At the a gle the tra sept there are St . n n n o Ber ard preachi g the Seco d Crusade , Diocese f R M m of n D . o ochester ; The artyrdo St Lawre ce , iocese f Ogde nsburg ; The Papal A pprobation o f the C o nstit u n of of n b n tio the Brothers the Christia Schools , yBe edict XIII n 26 1725 C l1 r 1stia n , Ja uary , , The Brothers ; St . C olumba nu s m n n 11 K n of Ad i isteri g to Thierry , i g n R b h n n Burgu dy , the e uke whic led to h is Co versio , m a nd W l i m n in m m o f n Jere iah i l a Devli , e ory Da iel — ’ Devli n ; The Three Baptisms ln the ce nter o ur Lord s m hn b m of baptis by St . Jo , the aptis water ; to the right m d m b t t ism o f b a artyr o , the p lood ; to the left , a solitary n n n m h of m recli i g ﬁgure , co s u ed wit the desire baptis , m u' m M c K e nna 11 a of . 0 the b ptis des e , Ja es the south : V n n n in n aisle St . i ce t de Paul , the sai t the ce tral n b d in a nd on divisio , ha ite stole surplice ; the right n n u nd r o in n m n 0 11 f of ha d , the sai t g g pu ish e t behal a priso ner wh o is see n goi ng on his wa yrejoici ng ; o n the n n a n nf n in a m a nd n left , the sai t holdi g i a t his r s directi g a sister of charity to another i n fant asleep on the pave m n m n w of z e t , Ja es Olwell . The wi do St . Eli abeth , St . n — n w i a nd n S t . n n A drew St . Catheri e , A dre the ce ter n n m l n t he n taki g u po hi se f the cross ; be eath , sce e of his

u n 0 11 . n n n u n exec tio ; the right , St Catheri e , lea i g po the wheel with which her cruel torture a nd death were i11 ﬂ i d n of n ou c te . r ; below , the uptials St Catheri e to Lord f R n z b n b (a ter ube s) ; to the left , St . Eli abeth eari g read to n n f n he r n sus the poor , which tur ed i to lowers whe u justly picious husband i nsisted upo n seei ng what she wa s carry ’ l n f n . a nd z O R e ill g so care ully co cealed , J A . Eli a y. ’ A nnunc 1a t ion W m a nd n O B rie n The , illia Joh ; S t . n in n t n n m He ry the battle agai s the Slavo ia s , the ost

n in n . n n spirited wi dow the series , He ry J A derso . The mm n n mm m n m I aculate Co ceptio . co e orati g the procla a n m b P IX n ff n n 0 11 tio of this dog a y ius , the po ti sta di g his throne in the act o fgivi ng the apostolic be nediction f m d d m the of a ter havi ng proclai e the og a . Above head f h mm n n the Pope i s a ﬁgure o t e I aculate Co ceptio . The

o f a nd . on a re statues St . Peter St Paul either side '

d m in n n . e copie fro the sta tues the e tra ce to St P ter s, 195

R m of N n o e , Diocese ewark . The orga gallery between n 46 28 f n a n the fro t towers is feet wide , eet lo g, d ca pa ble of mm t n of 190 n A o acco oda i g a choir si g ers . ccess t it is ba d by a spiral staircase situat ed in the south lobb y of f n n n d the Fi th ave ue e tra ce , wh ich also lea s to the n tre for iu m n h passage arou d the . The orga a s four man na ls a nd a compass of two a nd one - half octaves in the a ped ls . — R oma n Ca tholi c Orp ha n A sylum Two large blocks n b f a nd M n n bou ded respectivel y y Fi th adiso ave ues ,

- ﬁ rst a nd y- n a nd M n n Fifty Fift seco d streets , by adiso a d n a nd m a r e t to Fourth ave ues the sa e streets , devo ed the o f R m n C c n A y m purposes the o a ath oli O rpha s lu , the um n f n b a nd asyl for boys occu pyi g the Fi th ave ue lock , M n n that for girls the adiso ave ue block . The latter is m v ne w b n a nd a dmn' a bl a n a co parati ely uildi g , y rra ged . There are a n average of 400 children in each o f th e n the of b n n m buildi gs , choir the cathedral ei g draw fro ’ m h nor t o th e boys asylu . Neit er girls boys are required n f m a nd not u wear a u i or , are brought p with the idea n n 0 11 t he of in that they are depe de t charity , course structio n ai mi ng to make them i ndepende nt me n a nd m n n mm n n m wo e . It i cludes a co o school educatio , usic a nd n n for b t he a nd a nd n s i gi g oth boys the girls , sewi g , n n a nd n for a nd crocheti g , cooki g housekeepi g the girls , t b n ha s trade i nstruc ion for the oys . Each buildi g a un a nd M n n large playgro d , a feature of the adiso ave ue 145 in structure is a beautiful chapel feet depth . The best time to visit the Female Orphan A sylum is 0 11 n M n W ed esday bet wee n a nd P . . whe the girls n i n n m are i structed calisthe ics ; the boys asylu , Tues y a nd 3 M n da s Thursdays at P . whe they go through a reg ular military drill u nder the command of a militia f 0 11 n n m a nd o ﬁcer . state occasio s they are u ifor ed fully d m n z in 18 17 a nd i11 accoutre . The Asylu was orga i ed , co r ora te n n n m in 18 52 p d u der its prese t a e . V B L H usE s —On F n o . ANDER I T the west side of ifth ave ue ,

w n F - ﬁ rst a nd - n bet ee ifty Fifty seco d streets , are the resi m H V n b h W . deuces erected yt e late illia a derbilt , th e n n o southerly buildi g b e i g ccupied by his widow , th e ’

- - On in n . D. northerly by h is brother law , W . Sloa the north side of F 1fty- second street opposite the Sloan resi 196

de uc e n W m K V n is the reside ce of . . a derbilt . Cornelius V anderbilt resides o n the n orthwest cor ner of Fi fty n V nd rb seve th street . The a e ilt houses , as the two

brow nsto ne buildi ngs between Fifty - ﬁ r st a nd Fifty

n n of w seco d streets are popularly spoke , ere ﬁrst occupied i n n 1882 Mrs V n n Ja uary , , . a derbilt throwi g them open to n on 17th of m n her frie ds the that o th . They were built , n a nd i n fur ished decorated by Herter Bros . a little more n two h tha years . Their architecture a s bee n severely i m m n n c ritic sed , but this akes the o e the less objects of n e i ter st to th e curious . The houses are co nnected bya vestibule in the middle ’ of b . d n n M rs V n the lock The doors lea i g i to . a derbilt s house are reduced C opies o f the Ghiberti gates in Flor n m l . n a u e ce The ai h l , carried p to the full height o f n m the house . is surrou ded by galleries fro which the n m n On n private livi g roo s are e tered . the grou d ﬂoor wa m s c o ti u of n h oa k i s a high g E glis , square columns o f n m a n i dark red Africa rble supporti g the f rst gallery .

Faci ng the e ntrance is a large ﬁreplace with a ful l - si zed nz m i in f o n a nd m bro e fe ale f gure relie each side , assive

l b mn - n scu ptured mar le chi ey pieces . O the east side is a n k n a s door ﬂa ked by carved oa e seats . This le d to the

r n - m of m ma z o f d awi g roo . The woodwork this roo is a e n a nd a z W m n T he a carvi g , gilded g l ed ith war ti ts . w lls a re h u ng i n pale red velvet embroidered in foliated a nd d n s b n n m n ﬂoral esig s , cry tal ei g spri kled a o g the leaves

a nd n - n n ﬂowers to represe t dew drops . At the orther e nd s m t o of thi roo a door leads the library , the decora t io ns of which are co nspic uous for the beautiful effect produced bya ntique Greek patterns in mother - of- pearl a nd b o n m n a nd n be rass ahoga y rosewood , the fur iture i n n m n z of n - m g desig ed to har o i e . South th e drawi g roo n m d a nd n is the Japa ese parlor , which is odele fur ished n f n n of mb i n free Japa ese ashio . A ceili g ba oo with its

- n t a e st wit h n o f pole rafters , a ric h low to ed p pa els n in m n of ﬁc w velvet , a low cabi et i itatio quer work ith i nn umerable shelves fo r bric - a - brac ru nni ng arou nd the m n u n roo , a larg e ope ﬁreplace with a seat covered with o f m n n n cut velvet , are features this apart e t . The di i g

197

room is ﬁ nished in the style of th e Italia n R e naissance , a n arrangement of glass - faced cases su pported byric h consoles resti ng o n a beaut iful wai nscot of ric h golden

n oa k . n hued E glish , delicately carved The ceili g is elliptically arched with o blong panel s carved in designs of a nd in v n a nd fruits foliage arious ti ts of gold , fres n n n Lumin is m n c oed with hu ti g sce e s by a . The ai stair m t he n m n case , which rises fro orth of the ai hall , is n n n n lighted by i e stai ed wi dows by Lafarge . The e ntrance to the picture gal lery is from th e west e nd of b a ll n n m the , but there is a separate e tra ce fro

f - fi rs t - of Fi ty street . The picture gallery is , course , a on o n z n n d e f. a strictly private , but artists recog i ed ra k connoisseurs wh o apply through acquai ntances of the m i b n n m n fa ily have little difficulty n o tai i g ad issio to it . O n a n iche of the broad arch ove r th e entrance from the ’ ” A lma T a dema s n n house is classic E tra ce to a Theatre . ’ O r n De ta ille s pposite , before the fireplace ecess , ha gs famous pai nti ng sh owi ng two wou nded Fre nch officers carryi n g a mortally wounded comrade ou t of a shattered churc h betwee n two lines of Prussian s who have falle n on d m for m back either si e to ake way the . As the ar r a nge me nt of the pictures is changed from time to ti me n of n as accessio s are received , the exact order their ha g ’ i n nn n n m Vi ber t s g ca ot be g ive . The collectio e braces capital Cardi nal a nd Monk Destroyi ng Forbidde n C n o n m Books , the ardi al , h wever; first gorgi g hi self ’ “ ” on n n Vi lle a s R C n n the co te ts . g oyal hriste i g , the b n lustl l m n n n ba y shrieki g y, uch to th e co ster atio of all ’ co ncerned ; the same artist s pict ure of a Turk se nsu ouslyoutstretched on a divan liste ni ng to the music of ’ a m n - F or tun s D n n fair al o d eyed slave ; y a ci g Arabs , n t wo of m n five wildly whirli g figures , the dischargi g their m m n m firear s , watched by their otio less co rades , wrapped i n t he folds of: their white burnous ; five M al lets : a peasan t girl of sturdy frame carryi ng wat e r ; peasant mother teachi ng her daughter how to knit ; woman m n a n a r us t the e ptyi g a p il i to a glass j j outside door, near which are ducks a nd geese ; shepherdess wra pped in n Va n a cloak knitting ; two hu nters in a s owy wood . ’ M a r ckc s cattle collected outside a th atched stable in a n ’ M eissoni er s a mm nd n i n orchard . picture of co a a t a n ff a nd n gree bu coat , white trousers top boots, straddli g 198

m b e a n n u fi n e po pously fore ope fireplace , p f g at h is pip , a nd frown ing over a dispatch handed to him by a sol offi in n on a n dier , while a brother cer scarlet lou ges easy ’ m oft 00 n chair . The sa e artist s picture r ps halti g while ’ “ ” f n a e a sa nt G r om s o ficers questio p . e e Sword Dance o f b f a n n n a nd a beautiful slave e ore Orie tal dig itary , a n Orie ntal soldier lea ning agai nst the pill a r of a court ’ a nd n a n n Za mocoi yard raisi g earthe cup to his lips . s " ’ ” ’ “ K i ng s Favorite ; R oyde t s Flore nti ne Dames a nd ” ’ Ca valiers at a Co ncert ; B r eton s Peasant Girl busy at dista lf on n h a nd her , seated a large sto e , with s ore sea ’ “ ” for backgrou nd ; B oug uer ea u s Italia n Flute Player ’ F r er e s Two little W ater Carriers in a s nowy street The girl has set down her pitcher to rub her chilled ’ “ n Da u bi n s on of ha ds . g y Cattle the Shore a Quiet ’ R osa B onheur s n m n n n n Lake Hu ts a , lea i g agai st t n a nd n a ree , dogs resti g , four horses awaiti g their n riders , the whole ca vas flooded by a beautiful light . ' ’ In the smaller adjoi ni ng room is Jll ezssoni er s portrait of W m V n b n h im in a n illia H . a der ilt showi g upright posi

n in a n a r m - a n n on n tio chair, h is right h d resti g his k ee , ’ ’ “ his left fi ngeri ng his watch chai n ; fil ei ssom er s Artist ” ’ ’ “ a nd W ife viewi ng the fo rmer s work ; Di a z s Scen e ” ’ in the Forest o f Fo ntai nbleau ; the same artist s ' ’ Moorish Childre n F r omen izn s Gambli ng Sce ne in “ ’ a Tavern a nd Carava n Crossi ng a Stream T r oy/e n s ' ’ a r nd ta i l Ge n V on Cattle D p é s La scape De l e s . ’ “ ’ “ ’ Moltke a nd Staff R osa B onhe ur s Sheep ; K na us s ’ De la cr oix s n n W V i llage Festivity ” I dia arrior at n m fi ne the Head of h is Troops . A u ber of water colors m hang in a gallery about this roo . m n M m The V an derbilt fa ily is ofDutch origi . e bers of F b 165 In 17 18 I t 0. it were settled at lat ush , L . . , abou , b V n m n Jaco a der Bilt purchased a far ear New Dorp , n n m m m mb of State Isla d . The fa ily beca e e ers the M n C n V a nde rbilt the C mm oravia Church . or elius ( o o ’ dore a nd fou nder ofthe family s wealth) was born near M 2 1 4 n n a 7 79 . Stapleto , y , He ear ed his first capital by doing a certai n amou nt of work withi n a certai n time on ’ m m n n m b m . h is other s far His other, thi ki g it i possi le n m S ff for hi m to do the work withi the ti e pecified , o ered k hire d a him $ 100 if h e would accomplish the tas . He nu mber ofboys on his promise to give them free tri ps i n

200

The visitor i nterested in s eei ng another typical strue o f w ﬁ nd ture this class ill the Dakota , a yellow brick 0 11 v n - n t a nd n of pile , Se e ty seco d stree Eighth ave ue , n It v b i m i terest . is isi le f o many poi nts in C e nt i a l a nd in n a n b Park , fact is so co spicuous o ject that it ofte n loo ms up i n the la ndscape of the upper pa 1 t of

the city. At Eighth avenue a nd Fifty - n i nth street is the fi ne a n d a nd b n i t church school of the Paulist Fathers , eyo d R one of n n the oosevelt Hospital , the greatest i stitutio s of n in its ki d the city (p . LL or HYS C I S A N D O S — CO EGE P I AN SURGE N . Here also is the College of Physici a n s a nd Surgeo ns o f Columbi a of b n n n m College , a g rou p uildi gs which are a do atio fro t he W m V n b a nd m a nd m late illia H . a der ilt his fa ily , fro ’ W m n Mr V n - in - illia D . Sloa , . a derbilt s brother law . n of h n V n They co sist the sc ool buildi g proper , the a der b n a nd n M n O n ilt cli ic , the Sloa ater ity Hospital . the n l i s fi ne n n n seco d f oor a pathological collectio , i cludi g n a nd the Swift Physiological Cabi et , a large laboratory fo ui th i s n m b The floor , which lighted e tirely fro a ove , a nd u m n n ill i ated by electricity at ight , is devoted to

n u - b dissecti g . It is ﬁtted p with thirty six ta les , at which o ne hu n dred a nd thirty - eight stude nts c a n dissect S m l n m m for n a nd i u ta eously . S aller roo s private dissectio , h n of i u n for the teac i g O perat ve surgery po the c adaver , n m n T he n n n are grouped arou d this apart e t . orther portio of n i s n n the buildi og devoted early e tirely to laboratory V n b n n w n of poses . Th e a der ilt Cli i c , e do ed by so s W m V n b m m n n the late illia H . a der ilt as a e orial . co tai s dis e nsa i a nd in nn n h a fully equipped p y, , co ectio wit the se i n n l insti ti ct ion school , ves as a ﬁeld for exte ded cli ica . n n t he a ti e for n a b x It co tai s a cli ical lectures , illustr ted ra ct ica l i mm a n u n ofn p work , wh ch acco odates a die ce early M n n . n four hu dred The Sloa ater ity Hospital , at the

n of - n n 1 a nd n n n cor er F ifty i th st eet Fifth ave ue , adjoi i g n of the cli ic , has a capacity thirty beds . In the vici nity of Ce ntral Park a nd Fifty - ni nth street n m of n are a u ber ridi g schools , the ride through the Park n f n for n m bei g a avorite jau t equestria s . The ost couve ’ n n of n Durla nd s ie t these schools for stra gers to visit are , G n n the n situated at the ra d Circle , ear Eigh th ave ue ’ n n n a nd Dicke l s R n m e tra ce to Ce tral Park ; idi g Acade y, 201

he o e in the 124 W est Fi - x s re t ld st city , at ftysi th t et , n n n F f a nd M n ear Sixth ave ue . Betwee i th adiso ave n nn n h u m - f - n n ues , ru i g t ro gh fro Fifty eighth to Fi ty i th

- b of R n street , is the four story rick structure the idi g C b a n m m of t lu , a private ssociatio with a e bership abou 500 n a nd m n z n , bei g the larg est ost exclusive orga i atio of n i n n b n ha s its ki d the cou try . Th e c lu buildi g a c c ommoda tions 200 a nd n 100x 105 for horses , a ri g feet ; n n 2 nn 1 i itiatio fee $ 0; a ual dues $ 00. In a nd n ear Ce ntral Park are three of th e greatest in s titu tions in M n M m of the city . The etropolita useu in n n n Art Ce tral Park , ear Fifth ave ue opposite Eighty n 0 11 n n third street ; the Le ox Library , Fifth ave ue betwee Seve ntieth a nd Seventy - ﬁ r st S t reet s ; the America n Mu m o fN in M n n n seu atural History a hatta Square , betwee

n - n a nd - ﬁ r st t m Seve ty seve th Eig hty streets , separa ed fro n n nu i i t0 1 Ce tral Park o ly by Eighth ave e . The v s who wishes to see these i nstitution s thoroughly cann ot do so n n by maki ng them i ncide tal to a tour of Ce tral Park . t he i e fO i e t n the u They are , described at his poi t, to r of n in a X Ce tral Pa1 k being g ive n Ch pte i . R IX CHAPTE .

I A M E M F ME TR OPOL T N US U O AR T .

- 10 M 5 . t o M n O n . . . a d pe every week day A P , nd M 10 M a 8 . . m Tuesdays Saturdays P to P . . Ad is n f M n a nd 25 n sio ree except o days Tuesdays ce ts , Tues M da n n . y ights , however, bei g free The etropolitan M m of S in n n f useu Art , ituated Ce tral Park ear Fi th n a nd - ﬁ rst n n n ave ue Eighty street e tra ce , is a plai but b n n to M m su sta tial buildi g leased the useu by th e city .

- S - T ll e n not e t m HAND B OOK . collectio s are y co pletely f n 10 n catalogued . There are a brie ge eral guide ( ce ts) ; t hree hand - books of the pai nti ngs (10 ce nts each) ; a

n - the n - ha d book of drawi gs , water colors , photographs a nd etchi ngs (10 cents) ; of the Orienta l Porcelai n s (10 ce nts) ; a nd of the Joh nston Collection of Engraved M n of m n Gems (15 ce nts). a y the i porta t exhibits in the un n various catalogued collectio s are, however, fully labeled . S Y — m n n n H I TOR . The ﬁrst atte pt to fou d the i stitutio which h as developed i nto the Metro politan Museum of m m n of Un n Art , was ade at a eeti g the io League Club , m n 1869 . A rt i February , The atter was referred to the mm o m 23 18 69 Co ittee f the club , which , Nove ber , , called n d m of M mm o f a meeti g at the Aca e y usic . A co ittee f n h n n ﬁ ty was appoi ted , whic subseque tly was e larged to 116 n n n n . Subseque tly a provisio al co stitutio was a nd a n m n Ma 14 18 70 adopted , at executive eeti g y , , a special charter which had been secured from the Legis l a t ure 13 18 70 n a nd m n n , April , , was prese ted , a per a e t

n n . n n n co stitutio adopted Joh Taylor Joh so , a well n n n n n k ow art co oisseur, was elected preside t . He has n a nd n m m a nd bee a valued adviser frie d of the useu , is In 1 ow n n . 18 n 7 . its ho orary preside t A pril , the Legis l at a re passed the Act byvirtue of which the Metropolitan M m ofA rt n ma useu occu pies its prese t quarters , where it y on n l n m m of c ti ue as o g as it co plies with the ter s the lease , is u on n n but which it at liberty to leave p g ivi g due otice .

S E C O N D F LO O R .

F METROPOLI T A N MUS EUM O ART . 203

n M a nd A It moved i nto th is buildi g duri ng arch pril , 18 79 n b n , havi g previously occupied ui ldi gs respectively on f h n n - a nd - Fi t ave ue , betwee Fifty third Fifty fourth a nd on S of n b e streets , the south ide Fourtee th street , n a nd n n n m twee Sixth Seve th ave ues . D uri g th e re oval t o n f su er in the prese t structure , the trustees care ully p n n of n m te ded the packi g the various objects , doi g uch of o wn n the work with their ha ds , a fact which illus trates the deep i nterest they take in th e wel fare of the I m 1 8 n n n n . n 88 i stitutio Dece ber , , th e ﬁrst exte sio to n n a nd th n in the bui ldi g was Ope ed , , as e collectio s th e m n m n museu are growi g at a re arkably rapid rate , a other n ow n is bei g erected . E R S ii I P — n n o m M E MB . The co tributio of r ore to the fu nds of the Museu m at a nyone ti me e ntitles the ’ n n n n do or to be a Patro . Such person e joys a Patro s in sum o SO n right perpetuity for each f co tributed , n of n n his a d has the privilege appoi ti g successor . The contribution of $500 at one ti me e ntitles th e don or to be in u n a Fellow perpet ity , wh o also has the righ t to appoi t n n o f 200 o ne m his successor . Th e co tributio $ at ti e n f r n ma e ntitles the do or to be a Fellow o life . Perso s y m nn m n of 10 beco e A ual Me bers at a subscriptio $ . n a nd M m n n Patro s , Fellows , e bers are e titled to certai n ﬁ of he M m desirable privileges . The prese t Of cers t useu

n n G M nd - n are : Preside t , He ry . arqua ; vice preside ts , W m m a nd n n n n u illia C . Pri e Da iel Hu ti gto : treas rer, m W C e snola Sale H . ales ; secretary , L . P . Di ; libra W m n L Di e snola dire c n . C ria , illia N A drews . . P . is m n tor ; Isaac H . Hall , curator of th e Depart e t of

n A . n u of m n Sculpture ; Joh Pai e , c rator th e Depart e t

G . of m n of Casts ; eorge H Story , curator the Depart e t o f n n a nd m n m n Pai ti gs ; Arthur L . T ucker a , a ager of l the A r t Schoo s . The Metropolitan Museu m of Art is th e most import a n n n of n in Un I n t i stitutio its ki d the ited States . l a nd of n nn of wea th variety collectio s it ca ot , course , m M m or co pare with the British useu , with several others n n B ut n n i n foreig cou tries . whe it is co sidered how n n n dime n rece t a creatio it is , its growth t o its prese t m m M n . sio s is ost re arkable oreover , it has proceeded u po n the ad mirable pla n ofmaki ng such collections as it m of n a nd in possesses co plete their ki d , it therefore, 204

ome u m n u n s details , s rpasses all other si ilar i stit tio s . C e s nola n a nd e m l n The collectio , the glass g co lectio s , a nd n of n n n the collectio Eg yptia textiles , for i sta ce , are n d n of m mm m u rivale ; the collectio u ies , though s all , is a nd m n in fi ne nd n varied , each speci e it is very a i ter esti ng ; the collectio n of I ndian idols from New Mexico n a nd n of n n b is u ique , the collectio s pai ti gs yDutch masters a nd ofthe work of the most disti nguished modern n a nd m n pai ters are large i porta t . The diagrams S how the general arrangement of the n buildi g . T H E CO LLE T i ivs — n n d n C O . Th e e tra ce (A) lea s i to the H a ll o a s t A n ci en ul tur r e f C s of t S c p e (B). Here are r n of m n m n of n n G p oductio s the ost oted re ai s a cie t reek , R m n n a nd y n ob o a , Assyria Eg ptia sculpture , all the e ct s b n b 0 11 of n j ei g la eled . the floor th e larger portio of nn n a nd of n n the hall , ru i g east west , are statues a cie t n t o n n n on sculpture . Arou d the wall at the p, begi i g n n n n the west side of the pri ci pal e tra ce , are re productio s of m z n fa ous frie es . Directly opposite the pri ci pal eu trance (A) is a passage connecti ng this hall (B) with the l G In B 2 is Hal of Archi tectural Casts ( ). the alcove ( ) a n of R n n h n A n collectio e aissa ce wroug t iro . gai st the “ ” n e nd m n the V n pier at the orth is the Assu ptio of irgi , b L u ca della R obi a a nd on the of y , sides the pier are t of R obia s pho ographs several works of the Della . The “ ’ m n fi ne m of L R obia s Assu ptio , a exa ple uca della n in the m n work , was origi ally ortuary chapel of the Pri ce of Piombi no a nd was presented to the Museu m by He nry G M n who n n . arqua d , is also the do or of the wrought iro in t he alcove . o A r chi t ctu r a l a ts — n f e C s (G). The ce tral exhibit in the Hal l of Architectural Casts i nto which this passage leads is th e su perb pulpit from the Cathedral a t 6 n nn o f n 12 8 . . Sie a , the work Nichola Pisa o , A D Faci g it from the south is the elaborate facade ofthe Guild o f ’ m 1529 n the Butcher s House at Hildeshei , A . D . Faci g it from the n orth is a one - twentieth reproduction o fthe m n of C . fro t the athedral Notre Da e , Paris To the right o fthe pulpit is a superb reproductio n of th e Parthe non exterior a nd i n terior wi t h the friez e a nd sculptures ofth e n d f of m n pedime t colore . To the le t the pul pit are , a o g R m Ba o C e . n e n other Objects, y f loist rs , St Joh Lat ra , o e ,

206

’ Ma nn m Ludwi K n a us a nd u t hei er g Peace , G s a v ’ ” R i chter s V s n ictory , the la t two prese ted by Jacob F . ff Schi , — E gypti a n A n tiqui ti es Th e v isitor S hould 110W pro c e e d to the H all ofA ncie nt Sculpture a nd Eg y ptian A n t iquitie s (C) a nd vie w the mummies a nd other Egypti a n a n tiqui ties in this hall a nd i n the room ofA ncie nt Terra a nd n n n h i s t d of Cottas (F), the co ti ue s u y the forms of n b l a s n i n a s of E n a ncie t uria , show the c es gy ptia mum i nie s b n n fi ne in t he o f , yi specti g the sarcophagi Hall n n n n a nd nz A cie t S tatuary , I sc ri ptio s Bro es (H). The m mm i n n of b nn n o u ies are two li es cases , eg i i g n the floor 0 11 the west side o f the H a ll o f A ncie n t Sc u lpture m n a nd Egyptian A n tiquities (C). The speci e s are varied ‘ i fi ne o f n M n a nd mos tly n a state preservatio . a y o fthem f m m of G m - M disc ov are ro the sealed to b our et ourrai , in 18 8 6 d n c a n h ered byMaspero . The stu e t ere see the mu mmy swathed in mu mmy cloth ; the cartona ge which consisti ng of some 15 to 20 stri ps of li ne n g ummed to t the d a nd m de to r e ge her , was pressed over bo y thus a produce its co ntour a nd eve n th e features of th e face ; t he first casket i nto which the mu mmy a nd carto nage d a nd e a se n m a were place , the outer i to whic h the s ller o n s n e o ne b v n t e wa set . I d ed exhi it shows e e a hird T h e . nf m case . (See below ) caskets were shaped to co or with the figure of the deceased a nd the carved features o n the u pper lid were a represe ntation of the face of the b d . dea . The cases are fully la eled ne of fi n s in n in 83 O the est ca kets the collectio is case , which is the first in the li ne of cases to the left on enter in f m H a of An n g ro the all of C sts cie t Scul pture (B). m of b m L ba n n a nd This is ade cedar pro ably fro e o , n n ot m n n a n certai l y fro a less dista ce tha the T urus ra ge . m w 7 7 a nd n n o n C a se 79 for s ith case . the casket sta di g t h t o o f 68 m m in c ol e p case , the ost co plete exhibit the n 9 n nn a a nd m mmy of lectio , 7 showi g th e i er c sket u hir e m Ge be lin 77 n n n K he ls fro , co tai i g the outer casket n n d of m a nd carto ag e , the latter fi ely preserve , the sa e m mm a nd n a s ta ndin o n the t o u y , a seco d outer c sket g p o f6 W e f m t a m o f 8 have , there ore , here a co ple e ex ple n m d o f n d d O n the Egy ptia o e preservi g the ea . the u pper shel f of 78 are mu mmied feet a nd hea ds fro m b n n ofthe a re a nd The es , showi g the appeara ce fe tu s the s o n e e m m feet everal th usa d y ars after they wer e bal ed . Though the features ca n be easily traced the heads are a nd o ne nn n n ghastly Obj ects after all , ca ot hel p thi ki g that it is preferable to cha nge i nto a plai n white skeleton n to m n b n nd n n m mm rather tha re ai a row a shru ke u y . In 75 m u mm n a nd w n fi u are th e y , carto age th e oode g re o f Io unofi r te who t o m hie ro li hics on , , j udge fro the g p a nd m n the casket th e carved features , ust have bee a n m n of b a 3 n t a nd . 7 n you g wo a eau y wealth C se co tai s , b a n nn a nd m mm eside i er casket u y , three closets for r e se i v a tion of fun a nd the p erary statuettes , two boxes divided withi n i nto four c ompa i tme nt s foi the protection o fun e i a r f yjars . The collectio n of miscellaneo us Egyptian antiqu ities begi ns at case 48 on th e west wall of the Hall Of A ncie nt n n n ns Sculpture a d Egyptian A tiquities (C). This co tai one of the largest k n own collection s of fu nerary statu ’ e tte s 1 e S onde nts o f n a nd 1 p porcelai , clay , wood ter a b i n m mm cotta . These were uried with the deceased u y d i in 3 a n a e . 7 cases closets , such as exhibited case No above Those in bl ue porcelai n are f i o m the remark able discovery Of tombs of ki ng s a nd pri nces of the 11 1 E l B h i i t e 1 t y first dynasty at Deir a a . These statu e ttes h ol d i n theli han ds hoes a nd picks a nd have b n b f askets slu g over their shoulders . The elie was that wh en th e deceased e ntered the Elysian Fields a nd work was demanded of him by the su per natural authorities u a nd m there , these statuettes would rise p perfor th e l b n a or required of the deceased . This collectio of statuettes extends th rough cases 48 t o 53 a n d are from M n O n n the aspero collectio . ther collectio s represe ted i o f W n y n n . . the Eg ptia a tiquities are those J Drexel , u s a nd nh m d r e Jas . Do g la , Far a . Besi es th e statuettes : In 49 of a n n ferred to , there are a statuette Egyptia

n m n n - h n ge tle a , a woode head rest s owi g that the Egyptian ge ntle ma n had v ery u ncomfortable sleeping accommodatio ns ; a mu mmified O siris on a block con n n m mm of S a IWI‘ O “ in 51 53 b tai i g the u y a p to , esides n fi ne n b i onze s o f fu erary statuettes , th e Egyptia the D n 1 n on l of 51 rexel collectio , the e bei g the f oor a statuette of Osii is standi ng u pon a hawk - shaped coffi n containi ng the mu mmy of a h awk (the gift f M im in 6 f mumm o R . . La be er 6 ) ; , top shel , several ies 208

of a nd in of cats , other parts the c ase bricks , with a nd w w m ithout stra , sta ped with the cartouche of l n n y n the rulers , chief y Of t he eightee th dy ast . duri g d n of r in which the Chil re Is ael were captives Egypt , the i nfere nce bei ng that some of these bricks were made by m n of n n n b the . A collectio a cie t E g yptia textile fa rics will b e fou n d in sta ndards i n the Hall of Ancie nt Statu ary a n d Egyptia n A ntiquities (C) a nd in the H all Of n n nd n n n nz A cie t Statuary a I scri ptio s a d B ro es (H). Ma ny of t he s peci me ns are woven in colored patterns a nd m r of b n a n d n co p ise articles a pparel , oth plai or a m n a nd m mm h d n o r e tal , u y cloths , wit esig s attached b n S a kka ra h y m a nd orders , which were fou d at , Fai u A hkm n m n t he y . They date chiefly fro t he seco d to n n t of C h i istia n m ih eleve th ce ury the era . The ost t e re s ting stan dards are those in the Hall of A ncie nt S ta tu a i n n a nd B i o nze s h y, I scriptio s (H), whic were i e se nte d M u um b y Ge Oi e p to the se g F . Baker , wh o pur m of m h o f chased the E ile B rugsc Bey, curator the B oule k M m now Gz o 1210 in useu , at i eh , Cairo . N , the n of t ma southwest sta dard H , shows wha ybe the of in of C h earliest pictures episodes the life hrist , as t ey m n n date fro the third ce tury A . D . These sta dards , with those i n the Hall ofA n cie nt Scul pture a nd A ncient n m m m n of A tiquities , for the ost co plete collectio its n in ki d the wor—ld . Gr eek Va ses There are two small but excellen t col lectio ns on this side of the first floor t o b e disposed of before taki ng up the sarcophagi chiefly from the C e s nola n a ll b in m on collectio , to whic h the other o jects the roo s of b n l n a nd f this side the uildi g be o g , which , there ore , n o f m should be co sidered together . The first the s all collectio ns re ferred to co nsists of very fi ne s pe c une ns o f Greek vases co ntai ned in fo ur large table - cas e s sta ndi ng on R m n n the floor of the oo of A cie t Terra Cottas (F). n a nd m b These were discovered at Alexa dria , are ad ira le m n o in b speci e s f Greek art Egypt . Theywere proba ly m m d a nd d bu t ostly a e sold as water j ars (hy riae), , as the Greeks cremated t heir dead a nd n o other strictly fu ne r be b n n ary jars could o tai ed , hydriae were used for ei er ary purposes a nd i nscribed in ink or scratches wi th the n m a nd o f a e of deceased the date his death . On the west ce nter pier betwee n this room a nd the among them bei ng warriors in chariots ; the number of S in w of ff n pokes the heels the chariots di eri g , thus cou t ra dic ting the theory which was o nce i ngeniously adva nced that it would be possi ble to determin e the relative age of sculpture contai ni ng chariots by the n m of S i n the n n u ber pokes wheels, the suggestio bei g that the fewer the spokes th e more a nc i en t the piece of scul t u i e S w a nd me i 1 imitiv e p , as it would ho ruder e p m ofm n n ethods a ufacturi g chariots . On the east wall oft he n e i the r n e nd of th is hall a i e n n panels of a cient fig ui es a nd gl a zed Persia tiles . A gai nst the east wallg1 11 the i i oi th cor ner a 1 e the fi a g men ts of the bi onze c 1 abs take n from the base of the ’ in n obelisk (Cleopatra s Needle) now Ce tral Park . esnola C ollecti on —H a v 1n of C . g disposed the other col lections a nd miscellaneous obj ects on the eastern side of it now b for V w the first floor , is possi le the isitor to vie sys ma i a ll e snol n of n t e t c ythe C a collectio Cypriot a tiquities . one of e n in M n n Cyprus is the larg st isla ds the editerra ea ,

K -im of n the itt the Bible . Its ﬁrst colo ists were probably the Ph oe nicians of Tyre ; a nd th e most a ncien t a ntiquities n snol n b n m i the C e a collectio are o jects of Phoe ician ake . n n a n d n There were two Egyptia occu patio s , the isla d at v a 1 ious m b P e i sia a nd a ti es paid tri ute to Assyria , so th t we have a mo ng the an tiquit ies c oming imme dia te lya fte i of n n O i i iii n a nd A ss 1 ia 11 those Phoe icia g , Egyptia y F m b 33 n l 5 n 3 . C u 8 relics . i o a out B . ti B . C . th e isla d was held bythe P tolemies a nd wa s the n 1 educed to a R m n i o v ince T he n t of o a p . a tiqui ies these epochs are A i c h a ic Gi c Gi e e k a nd GN E C O R m n e k , pure o a . The various divisio ns of the collectio n a 1 e a 1 1 a ng e d to S how the pi og r e ssion from the Ph oenician th i oug h the E g yp n a nd n h G a nd tia Assyria , Arc aic reek Greek to the

r o- R m n G ze c o an . These a tiquities were discovered by G n m C e s nola U n e eral Louis Pal a Di , while . S . Co sul at n t in n Cyprus . Soo after h e h ad set led the co sulate at Larnac a h e became impressed with the though t that as Cyprus had bee n the great c e nt i a l mi e ting poi n t of the n n m n n 1 e lics o f 1 m a cie t races above e tio ed , these aces ight b e a nd d n e xca 1 a tions discovered , h e ecided to i stitute , W hic h he co nducted wi t h g 1 eat tact a nd pe i se v e i a nce we i ue i e ma i' ka hl i e se i T he objects excavated ywell p ved , owi ng to the fact that the C ypi iots built the ii walls of 211

mu d In 1 M n M m of . 8 74 , after the etropolita useu Art had in 18 73 acquired the collectio n of Cypriot a n tiqu it ie m C e snola n n ade by , up to that year , he co ti ued h is ex lor a tions on n n u m n p the site of a cie t C riu . Discoveri g m m n f m in n the osaic pave e t o a te ple that rui ed city , he n f m 20 w n sa k a sha t so e feet belo it . Here he fou d a n 0 11 n vaulted passage leadi g to a door , breaki g through h n mb m whic he e tered the treasure cha ers of the te ple , m n n n in four vaulted roo s co tai i g obj ects gold , silver , b a nd nz of pottery , ala aster bro e . Piles silver dishes m n which had beco e attached to eac h other by oxidatio , n n o f m ob gave evide ce of the rich ess the roo . These e c ts n n n m j had great i here t value , but they were eve ore a n n of h n valuable as illustratio art h istory , whic had bee b f m of m a sealed ook hereto ore . The te ple Curiu was

n 6 C . . destroyed certai ly as early as B . , possibly earlier It is at about this time that the history of Greek art mm n a nd of m co e ced , as the treasures this te ple dated a n w n back to earlier period , it ill be see that the dis c ov e rywas of i mportance from a n h istorical poi nt of ff n n w G view , a ordi g as it did a k o ledge of reek art Older a n Ge n e snola n n n In n . C tha yyet k ow . fact , whe Di n w e nd Ope ed the door ay at the of th is vaulted passage , he Ope ned the e ntran ce to a n art history a nd a h istory of ma n a nd of civili zation precedi ng t he earliest k no wn art ofG a nd n of h istory reek art, leadi g back to the source G C z n n d in n n reek ivili atio . I dee , the light throw upo n ofG a r t n G a the origi reek by this collectio , the reeks p pear as i nspired adapters of the art of earlier c iviliz a n e n n T he u b m tio s , rath r tha as origi ators . val a le Curiu n M u m a u the n treasure was also obtai ed by the seu . The tic itya nd i ntegrity of t he C e snola collection was attacked a nd vi ndicated i n court in what is k n o wn as the Feuer n —C e snola h m a nd de t trial , whic lasted through Nove ber m 1 e 883 . Dece b r , S ta tua r I nscr i t B r onz s —Ar r ra n e d in i ons a nd e . y, p g of n n n n a nd nz the Hall A cie t Statuary , I scriptio s Bro es (ll ) agai nst t he piers on the west S ide a nd on the ce nter b nn n 10 n of u piers , egi i g with case , is a collectio stat ary i ll ustrati ng the various epochs of a r t represen ted in th e y — - m n N O C priot discoveries Phoenician to Gree c e R o a ; . 16 111 11 a n n in m b ﬁ ne , case , is Assyria statue a re arka ly n 19 b b of state of preservatio ; No . is a statue , pro a ly 212

’ H n in foi a nd eracles , with a lio s sk a cloak head dress ; 22 in 13 a n A ss 1 ia n wonde 1 full No . , case , y head with y fi ne n of i bor i owe d a nd scul pturi g the hai , was co pied b R n In n o f of y uski . the east wi g this hall are cases n n a nd G n n On t he Phoe icia , Cypriot reek i scriptio s . n orth wall are the bronz es discovered amo ng the Curium n n n h n m n treasure , i cludi g large cauldro s wit or a e tal n m n ha dles , vases of great beauty , irrors , weapo s of n m a nd various ki ds , tripods , the bit fro a bridle , the n b o f m ca dela ra a te ple . — T er r a Cotta s I n the Hall of A ncient Terra Cottas nn n on n n n (F) begi i g the orth wall , agai st which sta d 1 6 Of C e snola cases to , are the terra cottas the collee t n n mb of n io , a large u er of pieces great i terest to stu n m 1 8 2 n de ts . The pieces fro to are various represe ta n ofV n b nn n m V n or tio s e us , egi i g with the Se itic e us the V n o f n m l s u 01 tin e us Cy prus , a ude fe a e figure pp g her breasts with he r hands (the fi i st examples havi ng an i mal a nd nn ng n m u heads), ru i the eth ological ga ut to p re Gi e e k 82 n i a ce fu l of Gi ee k V nu , bei g a g little figure a e s m n n with a child , very uch like a scul ptured represe tatio of M nn a nd n m of a ado a child . The co es a series statu e tte s m n of m of usicia s , probably the te ples . The little 120 m n i n n group , , see s to represe t a j udge ( the ce ter) wa tc hin a n n n a m b g se te ce executed u po a th ief, t he l held bythe ma n o n the right probably bei ng the object n In o 1 6 Oh stole . the lower part f cases to are larger e cts of n n 248 n re se i v Phoeni j statuary , i cludi g , a fi ely p ed c i a n head as show n by the poi nted fe a tu i e s ; a nd ’ m n in G wo a s head pure reek style . The teri a cotta heads i n these c a ses are u n ique as far as si z e is c on n nt n m 13 n cer ed . The cases co i ue fro 7 to alo g the east of m b nn n on u wall this roo . There are , egi i g th e pper f m n m n of o n n shel , horse e fro the rudest ki d Ph e icia art , showi ng the giraffe - neck horses suc h a s are fou nd in the oft he C e sn ola t n fi ne early pottery collec io , to the fig ure ’ 4 1 a nd n h a 8 . , the elega tly scul ptured horse s e d beside it 334 A—F n in o ne mb n Six pieces , , fou d to . evide tly illus n of n t trate the funeral processio the perso buried here . In the cases around the piers are a large numb e r of terra m cotta la ps . — S culp tu r es The C e s nola collection conti nues in the l o f n n n n n C Hal A cie t Sculp ture a d Egyptia A tiquities ( ).

2 14

C 8 a nd 9 n n a nd 10 ases arou d the orthwest pier , also n n n m l b m n m agai st t he west wall , co tai s al o jects , a o g the n m r u r m u nd On n u e o s whorls f o Cy pr s s pi les . the seco d s hel f o f 11 is a n o bj ect loo ki ng li ke a cluster o fsmall sal t b b cellars . This was pro a ly used for partridge eggs , which are still sold as a delicacy in Cy prus i n little wickers closely resembli ng in shape th is article ofa ncient In 12 m n o n f o f 1 pottery . are ilk pa s ; the third shel 8 ’ n 19 a nd in 19 v l n n n - ear se era i fa ts feedi g bottles , per fora te d so t hat they could be hu ng arou n d the n eck by n 0 11 of20 a stri g . the top shelf are two vases which are h in b m nn l n n filled throug a hole the otto , a fu e exte di g n n t o In 21 a nd 22 to wi thi a very short dista ce of the p . are probably the first objects in the collection made wi t h ’ in 25 n the potter s wheel . Two little vases are arra ged t o S how m n m how the trefoil outh , which has bee so uch in G v n in n 0 praised reek ases , origi ated O rie tal art . N . is a small vase of exquisite shape cro wned with a n ox t o in t wo z n head . If this ox head were be cut hori o tally , n a nd of m the s out , ears back the head would for a trefoil , a nd in o rder to show this more clearly a pretty little tre n 0 11 the of26 a nd foil vase is placed ext to it . first shelf n n n nd n fto 30 exte di g alo g the correspo i g shel , is a series of vases havi ng for noz zles a pitcher or j ar held by a f m u n n n n of e ale fig re lea i g agai st the eck a large vase . in 29 S h on w No . B hows t ree cups a hollo pi pe at ff n ru n m di ere t heights , so that water will fro the highest n a nd m n z z 30 i to the other two lastly fro the o le . Case n in t o w m f co ta s a vase , t he p of hich is odeled a ter the n o f m n 111 34 0 11 ch head a d bust a wo a . are vases wh i are rudely pai nted hu man heads wit h mouths for noz z le s in 3 f m ; 7 , vases with tre oil ouths , the perfect develop men t ofwh ic h by the Greeks ma yb e seen i n case 43 ; in 3 n m o f th e n w S 8 a u ber cu ps , adaptatio of hose hape by a b e n i ii 44 O ne of m o f the Greeks m y see . the ge s the n nd m nd u n collectio , a lovely sle er a phora , sta s po the t fin 4 1 45 a nd 46 c on middle ofthe four h shel . Cases S m n o f n o n Ge n tai u so me peci e s Italia p ttery prese ted by . s m C e snola to the Mu eu . — ’ Gla ss Most of the pieces in the Museum s u nequaled collectio n o fancie nt glass belo ng to the C e snola c olle c n m u m n n n to tio . No other seu co tai s glass dati g back 0 t he m n s n n n 8 0 B . C . like speci e s of A syria , Phoe icia 2 15

a n n in a 59 a n n c e n d Egyptia glass c se , gai st the easter m e m o f n n t e r pier of the roo . The g the a cie t glass n in 4 7 n d n collectio is . It is of u rivaled iri esce ce , sup posed to have been caused by the liqu ie sc e nc e o f the b i n m in n odies the to bs which the glass was fou d . There a re other fi ne exa mples of iridesce nce i n the c n n n n ollectio . The glass , excepti g the cabi et dati g b 0 i s m fi o in 1 1 8 0 . . C C . . A ack to B , ostly B to . D . The Marqua nd collectio n of Gi ae c o R oman glass be g ins o at fl oor case 62 n the east side of this hall . Probably the most valuable piece in this c a se is a yellow cu p con S ic uous o n t o w be a i s a n i nS C i i ti on a nd p the p step , hich p i o w r r 10 1 O n also shows fi g u e s f a s . the fourth step o f 64 a n I n case i s exquisitely shaped blue vase . the lower pa i t s O fthe se cases a i e speci men s of me diae 1 a l F i e nc h n S m n b n c u c i own a nd glass , the fi est peci e ei g a p wi t h a

fi e u r- - 0 11 w of 63 de lis as a cover , the est side case . Cases 65 a nd 66 co nt a i n the Ja r v e s collectio n o f V e ne n 65 d m 1560 1600 n tia glass . Case ates fro to , the fi est S peci me n bei ng a large yellow vase stan di ng u po n the n C 66 d m 1600 1700 coil of a sea serpe t . ase ates fro to . I ii b b n t n of i t is a super toilet ca i e e tirely glass . Case 67 dates from 1700 10 1750 a nd S hows a falli ng off in the m n 6 m 1 50 1 00 . 8 7 8 grade of work a ship Case dates fro to , t he m n n b in n n b ost i teresti g O jects i t bei g two ca dela ra . JlIi ella ou — n the n of l s c ne s . Dow ce ter this hal are n d n n n t i n l one n sta dar s co tai i g a collec o of aces , sta dard 1 te d b M r s R 1 t a nd a nothe i e se n . y . obe L Stuart , by l i n b On t he c e n te i s . n . Joh Jaco Astor pier betwee this hall a nd the R oom of C a i v e d W ood a nd Musical n m nt of s hi ine s e of I stru e s (E) is a case , a b quest M r s M M n n R m Wp od a nd . A . . i tur . The oo of Carved Musical I nstru me nts co ntai ns a re markable exhibiti o n o f m o W a n f . d th e latter , co posed the Joseph Drexel J . b n n n t n of n a nd Cros y Brow collectio s , co sis i g a tique m odern musical i nstrume nts ofgreat v a riety i n co nstrue n a nd n n i m n m n a nd a bor i i tio atio al ty , a y of the O rie tal g n a l of m n n n a nd , all the bei g eth ologically arra ged , y b n m n in thorough l la eled . Besides the i stru e ts there are m n O f n this roo a fi ely carved clock E glish work , dated 1640 b n nla w O r nt n , a valua le cabi et i id ith ie al porcelai s , a nd ofd a nd t o m d a case rawers shelves . which a gold e al a t n nn a n 18 76 wa s e be t he Ce te i l Exhibitio of award d , it 2 16

’ ing mentioned in the Committee s report as the most elega nt piece of wood carvi ng a nd desig ni ng in the Ex

n It n t . positio . was prese ted by August Pot ier North of m M n t l h this roo is the Hal l of oder Sculp ure ( ), whic co ntai ns several n otable examples ofthe work of Ameri c a n a nd n m n m o f Europea scul pture , a o g the a cast ’ ” n a nd n Barye s Lio Serpe t . C S S — K n STAIR A E . There are staircases ( ) at either cor er ofthe Hall ofA ncien t Statuary (H) a nd o f the Hall of M n oder Sculpture (I). These latter are respectively the a n d n t southwest or hwest stairways . The southwest ’ stair way is h ung wi th F a g na ni s pictures of the Ni ne M of m n a nd uses , which are portraits New York wo e , ’ h t e n n n of 19 M u r illo s wit other pai ti gs , which is “ m n n B re v oor t Hol y F”a ily , the picture k ow as the M n d ot a cob B r is te d urillo , prese te by the late J Astor . m n n m b of old The southeast stairway has , a o g a u er m fi ne m of A n ton io P 021a uolo Flor e n asters , a exa ple j ( “ n 148 3 a nd . C ti e School , ” to St hristopher the I n fa nt Christ ou t from the walls of the chapel o M he lozz i V n M m ' fthe ic illa a nd p rese ted to the useu ”by n V n a nd of b b Cor elius a derbil t , the Head a Cheru , y Uor r egg i o A mong the pai nti ngs on th e northeast ’ ” R u be n n stairway is — n s Lio s Chasi g th e Deer PAINTING S The fi ne collection o f pai nti ngs by both old a nd n m n d M e m moder asters whic h is ow e by the us u , is distributed through various g a lle i ie s o n th e second a nd in n n n floor, arra gi g the descriptio s thereof, it has been thought best to conduct the visitor co nsecutively through the galleries in which are hu ng the modern pai nti ngs (the most i nteresti ng t o th e ge neral public) a nd the n th rough those which contai n exa mples of the old m fi nd m n of asters . The visitor will the ost oted the m n n n in old n U oder pai ti gs the wester gallery , which is m n n d reached fro either ofthe staircases o the wester si e . n e nd of 78 The souther ” th is gallery is filled with , the H F b R osa B onlt eu r n n orse air , y , prese ted by Cor elius V n in 18 7 8 . a derbilt , It was first exhibited at the Paris 1 o nd In 18 55 n in 8 53 n t fi . Salo , but it did a pu rchaser S he f t o l n n o fered sel it to Bordeaux , her ative tow , for francs The tow n re fusi ng to purchase l Ga mbe rt f n n n it , she so d it to for ra cs , pai ti g for

him u - z f o om L n ee a q arte r si e replica , r m which Th as a ds r

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n the or a nd the n Nex to s 6 twee do orth wall . t it i 7 , ’ ” Da nn a t s Un u e Quatuor (A Q artett ), a capital work , n b M rs W m Da nna . t . prese ted y . H . The oldest of the n n on n S n n si gers , evide tly the basso , sits a be c h i gi g i n a n n m n n away u e otio al style , as if h is duty co sisted in n n m n of n n solely produci g a certai a ou t sou d . A ha d m n him n so e you g girl beside , though evide tly weary , is n n m n n tryi g to force a professio al s ile . The te or sta d i n n n n l a nd n g behi d lea s gracefully agai st th e wa l , te or like is smili ng wh ile si ngi ng as if flirti ng with some fair l n 128 n e nd of iste er . , at the souther the west wall , ’ ’ ” L H er mitte s V n n W m , The i tage , prese ted by illia b n m n n nd Schaus , shows a ro ust you g wo a resti g her ki ly look u po n a vigorous boy h alf recu mbe nt upon the n n nz ma n a nd grou d devouri g grapes , wh ile a bro ed a hale old woman are busy cutti ng bu nches from the n v m n a nd vi es . The broad , igorous treat e t of the figures m b i ’ n . i s B a xer a s s vi eyard is ad ira le A”bout opposite this , m n n n G Boat e at Barcelo a prese ted by eorge I . n of n old t o f Se ey , a group gossipi g salts , so true li e that you c a n even picture th e features ofthe one whose face is n 89 a nd 96 n tur ed away . are capital little sheep sce es b M u the n d f a nd y a ve , wool bei g elight ully thick ’ “ ” n 8 6 Cla i r in s M n n soft looki g, while , oorish Se ti el , n W tn n ma bequeathed by Stephe hi ey Phoe ix , y be out fi ne m of n F m poi nted as a exa ple rich colori g . ro S n V this gallery the visitor hould pass i to to th e west . The most striki ng canvas in this gallery h ang s on the 4 1 F r a ncoi s A u uste B onneu r W n n orth wall , , g , oodla d of n a nd Cattle , with its flood beautiful light , prese ted m n m a nd N t o in byJa es Cli ch S ith his sisters . ext this ’ is 32 L er olle s n R l n i n terest , O rga ehearsa , prese ted by n n dise n George I . Se ey , a large ca vas, which has all the n b n n m n chantme t of a peep ehi d th e sce es . A o g other ’ “ in P a lot s u n d pictures this gallery is y Th s e”l a at the m n o fG m n in R m a inte d Triu phal E try er a icus to o e , to a nd n order for the late A . T . Stewart prese ted y Horace n n n R ussell . Before bei g se t to this cou try it was ex in n t of m W a m hibite d Berli at the reques E peror illi I , of it n in M n G a nd a large replica h a gs the u ich allery . n the n The pri cipal figure is proud Thus elda, with her s o n littl e . From this gallery the visitor should proceed to the 219 g alleries contai ni ng the Cathari ne Lor illa r d W olfe col n of n n a nd R h lectio pai ti gs (S ), whic are reached G of M m W n n through the allery e orials of ashi gto , n n a nd f Fra kli La ayette . M W f who n iss ol e , bequeathed the collectio to the M m o f n W useu , was the daughter Joh David olfe , who at the ti me of his death wa s Presiden t of the A merican M m in N e w nn n useu of Natural H istory York . Begi i g i n Gallery S th e most noteworthy canvases are : 1 fi ne of M W C a ba nel n The portrait iss olfe by , pai ted r m n in 18 76 n a n n f o sitti gs at Paris , showi g i tellectual n n 15—B 07m a t face set u po a sle der , aristocratic fig”ure . , n W m n a nd m n Egyptia Fellah o a Child , a wo a with a nd r n n wo e fully pathetic face , beari g upo her shoulders a n h d on 16 sleepi g child whose ea rests h”ers . R n n m C n n 18—M unka cs etur i g fro the hriste i g . y, ’ ’ “ A n b 19 Viber t s R e r i Paw roker s Shop . The p ” ’ m nd n m 20—B a r ue a , full of the p”ai ter s capital hu or . g , B a z ou k fi ne m of r A Bash i , a exa ple ich though sub “ du n 22— T r 0 0n n 25 ed colori g . y , Holla d Cattle . “ ” Jll er le n of , Falli g Leaves , a lovely figure a g irl h alf in b z 27—R osa B onheur d raped lack gold stri ped gau e . , “ ” “ W n n 28~K a ulba ch d ea i g th e C”alves , Crusa ers f m a n n n i nte n Be ore Jerusale , allegorical pai ti g , th e tion ofth e artist bei ng to express symbolically the idea t n n o f u n 30 hat Christia ity is the religio t”he iverse . L e e bw e G z Gir kof 32—K a mm . e er er f , ra iella , a Capri , ’ ’ Study of a Girl s Hea t full of this artist s character “ ” istic 33—M a dr a 2 0 G W n c c chic . , irls at a i dow , a “ u e tis bi 6—P7510t l o f W h t . 3 a nd q y, Parab e the ise ' V n 44— c7tr e er b on M Foolish irgi s . b y , Ara s th e arch . “ 45—L e R oux R m n m o f , o a Ladies at the To b their ” ‘ i tle n 4 — ér ém n a st ron l t . 8 G e A cestors , g ca vas , Prayer ” “ " in M old 5 1— C ot m a osque ; Cario . , The Stor , n a n h u n in powerful ca v s , showi g s ee p h ddli g together a” w 3— 0 a u R nd n m 5 R u sse . wild i ter stor . , iver La scape “ ’ ” “ 6 — ' V A v a 1—T r on 0 07 0t d r . 6 o 0 , ille y y , Study of W a hite Cow . ' “ G R : 63— JVI ezssom er n allery , The Brothers Adria ” “ V V 64—Gér 6me of a nd W m a n . illia de elde , Boy ” “ i b 68— B r’ t0n n t B sc h a ri . e G the Tri e , A Peasa irl ” “ ” — ou tur e n 74 K n n 69 C . itti g . , The Idle Stude t “ ” B r ton R u r c ss n in n th e , eligio s P o e io Brita y, perhaps e 220

m n n n n in n ost i teresti g pai ti g the collectio , with spare , o f n n n of wiry ﬁgures peasa ts , weari g the tru k hose the n n n b nz a nd sixtee th ce tury , their features thi yet ro ed strong ; a nd li nes ofpeasant wome n a nd girls looki ng on “ n 76—De r e er G m n as t he proce”ssio passes . f gg , er a ” — d n G 9 B u uer e u a n . . o a Peasa t irl 7 g , Brother Sister ' " — 7l “ 8 4 1 I et ssoni er G n a nd n . 92 , A e eral Adj uta t ” ' “ Du r e 94—De ta zlle m be p , The O ld Oak . , Skir ish n a nd m G twee Cossacks the I perial Body uard , “ ” ' ' “ 95— er n t 101 zber t t V e . Horses , The S artled “ nf 102—H enner h o ne Co essor . , A Bat er , of this ’ “ n 106—Jl1 a a L artist s ”characteristic udes . , The ast n n n m m n m Toke , the po pular pai ti g , fa iliar fro u erous n of n t o ff C n reproductio s , a you g girl about su er hristia martyrdom in the Colosseu m looki ng u p as if to discover whose friendly han d d ropped the ﬂower that has falle n “ ” 111— a ba nel h m W m n at her feet . C , The S ula ite o a , f of n 113—M e er Von B r emen ull eager expectatio . y , “ ” 115—K na us R of m The Lett”er . , epose the Holy”Fa ily in 11 — m of 11 G . 8 . 6 B o be t Egypt y , The a e Cards ' “ Wt llems n m n 119—B er ne , Prepari g for the Pro e ade . B elleeou r in n 122—F a le7' 0 , Soldier th e Tre ches . , ” " n 123—D0r é R m M os Twi Stars . , Th e etreat fro ” ' ” c ow 1 — M of M m . 36 B t da , The assacre the a elukes . “ 137—L loi r W n n M n ld mb e O . , a deri g i strel , Nure urg “ ” — ' 138 - M ei ssoni er n n 140 L eloi 7 , The Sig Pai ter . , “ ” ” I 141— u ht n A n n . B o o G His Cups g , Purita irl , the

- n m d n 0 11 n b n last a e pai ted wood , the precedi g three ei g water colors . In order to conti nue with the collectio ns of moder n n n n G X pai ti g s , the visitor should ext proceed to allery . A mo ng the painti ngs hu ng here are usually such a s are l n M m h m a be o ld oa ed to th e useu , whic y either or m n m n m m oder . So e very oted pictures have , fro ti e to m b n n M m m n ti e , ee loa ed to the useu . The last ost ota ble collectio n hu ng i n this gallery was that loaned b v H v m r n n m in . . a e e e n H O y , co sisti g of fourtee asterpieces , n R mb n m n m cludi g th ree por”traits by e ra dt , a o g the the mo r m n m n n n n n fa us Gilde . A o g oder pai ti gs belo gi g M m in : 34—B a s ti en L e P a e to the useu th is gallery are g , “ ” n one of m n b m n c a n Joa of Arc , the ost ota le oder in M m n n b f vases the useu , showi g Joa of Arc e ore she ’ b m un her of m eca e her co try s savior , face that a ho ely

222

V m — on a n . 52 R ubens Haarle , vigorous l ittle ca vas , ’ — o f t W ift 68 Gilber t S tu a r t Portrait the Ar ist s , of n a n n n m of Portrait Joh Jay , i teresti g exa ple the ' a m n 77 — u d Oa r a c a e rly A erica School . Attrib te to gg zo “ n n n n n Italia School of the seve tee th ce tury, St . Fra ci s o f n fo r the 0 11 Assissi , otable beautiful light the u pturned “ fa 8— Va n D e/e M n n 7 . . w ce y , St artha i tercedi ”g ith God n o f n for a cessatio th e plague at Tarasco . 92 N zchola s P oussi n n m b 93 (Fre ch), ythological su ject . Gi lber t S tu a r t n n n W n n , Washi gto , pai ted at ashi gto , H v m 18 03 n b n . a e e e r D . C ; prese ted yHe ry O y . G in n of To reach allery O , which th e bala ce this colle c t n n is n G io is hu g , it ecessary to cross the allery of m n n n n in A erica A tiquities (P). The pai ti gs O were pre n n M M n t G a n . se ed by He ry . arqu d ost otable are : 3 “ m n — T e r bu r of G n . 4 Vela s uez g , Portrait a e tle a q , " v - of ma n Oli ares , a three quarters left portrait a in ﬁ ne m of n 1 black , a exa ple this great Spa ish artist . 4

Ve la s uez fi ne o f m - q , a portrait hi self , three quarters left b b a nd n w n n with lack hair , dark ha it , arro li e collar . ' “ 19— a znsbor ou h n n G . g (E g lish), La dscape A broad , m n n a n lu i ous , richly wooded la dsc pe glowi g with color “ a nd n m 20—L e on a r do da Vi n ce a i al life . , Portrait of ” “ ” 2 1—R e7nbr a ndt P0 1 t ra it of M a n a Lady . , a . A head or three - quarters portrait of a m a n weari ng a black slouched h a t a nd dressed in a rich golde n brow n gabar d n n n n f n o i e , the e tire figure sta di g out so tly yet plai ly n m n n m n a lu i ous backgrou d . A ellow brow light is ff w n 22—F r a n di used over the hole ca vas . z H o ls “ m in m b a nd m The S oker, executed the sa e old i pres s i n is t 1 in X n m l o t s yle as 5 Gallery . The u erica se ue nce b n b h n n n 22 43 q is here roke ythe a gi g ext to of , “ F r a nz H a ls of G n m n m , Portraits Two e tle e , a ost b ff n in t eautiful piece of portraiture , very di ere t reat m n m o 22 a nd m n n- i . n e t fro N , its co pa io p ece , showi g n m n of m n n b n great refi e e t work a ship , the ca vas ei g — “ m n . 23 R u bens s nn a nd a ode”l of its ki d , Su a a the d nn n d n in . n El ers Susa a , half u e , is see a crouchi g a n 1 ou nta in d one of m ttitude ear a . The El ers , t he mb n n n o cli i g over a sto e balustrade , the other holdi g n t o b a n a n z u n the r ch of apple tree , ga e eagerly po the ’ m m d n nn R n alar ed ai e . The Susa a is a portrait of ube s s n n rment om n u eco d wife , Hele Fou , wh he freque tly se d 223

m n in 53 G 25 as a odel . She is also show , allery Y . “ H o a r th n M R n of g (E glish), iss ich Bui ldi g a House of m n f n n Cards , the port rait a char i gly ra k looki g “ n in w 27~R u sda el n you g”girl dressed hite . y , La d i n d s 28 Vela s uez scape , sub ued yet rich color . q , of d son of IV Portrait Baltasar Carlos , el est Phillip “ 29 a nd 30— R embr a nclt 29 o Ma n , t f ; , th e Por”rait a 30 n o f m a , the Adoratio the Shepherds , a p i cture si il r i n n G n n w to that the Natio al allery , Lo do , with , ho ever, ’ “ ff n 3 1—Ga znsbor ou h G w a few di ere ces . g , A irl ith a ” “ 32 — T u r ner n n Cat . (E glish), Saltash , pai ted about 18 12—14 sho wii1 the R m i 1n fOi e i ou nd , iver Ta a the g with _ g i 1n00 1 ed o n a nd o n a ba ge at a dock the left , the righ t n 0 11 shm e On 1 b of a boat draw . the wall at the lg t t he b - n in t he : large eer house , show picture , is scrawled " E ngland expects every ma n to do his duty Through i n b n n a square gateway the uildi g a street is see . The n n n me n m n n ca vas is e live ed by grou ps of , wo e , childre , “ ” a nd 33— R e n olds a sailors horses . y , L dy Carew , a charmi ngly simple a nd delightful portrait of a . maide n in h n n a grayis wh ite dress ope at the eck , her h ead n - u t h n in tur ed three q arters to the lef , er hair arra ged” a 35 a nd 36—R u bens m a nd b a nd coil . , Pyra us This e “ ” “ o M n 37— onsta ble ook 0 11 he f a . C L t Port”rait a , A m n n 38 Stour , a capital exa ple of this E glish pai ter . “ Va n D lee m S tu a i t o f R m n a nd y” , Ja es , Duke ich o d nn i oba bl i n a n m of V a n k Le ox , p yas f e exa ple Dy e s o1 tr a i t ui e c a n n a nd o f style of p as be fou d , worthy pro “ 39— nst bl V u n n Co a e . lo ged study . , Th e alley Fa — DRA W ING S A N D E r a s mus Gallery O leads th rough G N n G a n d M n n n allery i to allery L its alcove , co tai i g

n - n n a nd drawi gs , water color pai ti gs , photographs etch n n of n m of i gs . The collectio drawi gs is c o posed two 1 n i n n : . 670 portio s th e ﬁrst , Nos to , was begu the s n n M of latter part of the la t ce tury by Cou t aggiori , n n a nd nn a nd me m Bolog a , a lear ed scholar co oisseur a of m of n in a nd ha s ber the Acade y Scie ces that c ity , been gradually i ncreased by additio ns from collectio ns n M n n G of Se ior arietta , Professor A geli i , Doctor uastalla r m n r s f m m u r a nd M . a v e Ja es Jackso J , ro who it was p chased in 18 80 a nd presented to th e Museu m by Cor lius V n n 1 8 5 1 ne . 67 a derbilt The other portio , Nos . to , G m n a nd him was collected by Cephas . Tho pso by pre 224

n in 18 h se ted to the Museum 8 7 . The w ol e forms a very n of nd M n of n e fi ne collectio its k i . a y the drawi gs ar m m of m n n m n s all , so e the perhaps oth i g ore tha sketches for larger works o r of works whic h were n ever carried bu t W d e m n ou t . n , each i ll well re ay stu y H re are fou d a y — p n m m C a r a va io A ndr ea P ozzo C a r l a es of old asters gg , , o otti R a ha el B envenuto (Je lli n i a lvi a ti Ill ich L , p , , S , a e l A n elo L eon a r do da Vin ci A ndr ea del S a r to M a n g , , , te na Domen i chino Ca r a cci Gu er cino Gui do R en t g , , , , , a tor R osa Pa u l Ve r onese T i tia n T intor e tto S a l v . , , , R em r a ndt Va n D /ce R ube ns Da v id T e n ier s n a n b , g , , , you ger d Du r er M ur illo C or r e io Vela s u ez C or tese elder , , , gg , q , , ttea u C a llot C la ude L or r a ine a nd Gr euze Wa , , . The collectio n is arranged in standards a nd also alo ng the n 11 n m b nn 0 . b on wall , egi i g t he orthwest wall A ove the , ’ s of Cha v a nn the wall O ppo ite the alcove , is a sketch es “ ” b l r of b n n Sym olica Figu e the Sor o e . The water a r W l m in e . R a nd colors the alcove by il ia P ichards , t here are besides these a collection of stee l engravi ngs nd n n n n m n m a etc hi gs , the latter exte di g i to the ai roo , of m a nd n W a n d a case war edals decoratio s . ith this a nd t n of n n g allery its alcove the collec io pai ti gs , draw i ngs a nd pri nts is e nded a n d there re mai n n ow the mis n o n c e lla ne ou s collectio s thi s floor . G S E r a — G n n fi ne E NGRAVED EM , allery Q co tai s the K i ng - Johns ton collectio n ofE ng r a v ed Gems (prese nted n J n n h n i n b y Joh Taylor oh sto ), whic is arra ged cases n n n along the west wall , the collectio of Assyria cyli ders with a n i mpressio n of each alo ng the north wall b etween

On t he l ﬁ ne JlI oses - L a za r us the doors . east wal is the

n n n ff- b n m n collectio of fa s , s u oxes , pai ted edallio s , etc . , a nd agai nst th e south w a ll the Cur iu m T r e a sur e discovered by Ge neral Di C e sno la in the Temple at I n m in m . n Curiu , Cyprus the ce ter of the roo eight large cases is t he collectio n of M edirc va l a nd H istor i c m n b M l m E ng r a v ed Ge s loa ed y axwel So erville . A seri es of wal l cases above the Curiu m treasure co ntai ns a collectio n ofA ncien t a nd JlI edi re va l Sp oons loaned by ’ a nd f n n t con rs . . M . S l Avery , ollowi g these is a cabi e J l d n t Mr s y t a i ni ng largely e we le Wa tches prese ed by . Luc I n n n b t he NV . . Drexel the ortheast cor er case is , esides ’ n ﬁ ne m n o f n m n B rya t vase , a speci e Tiffa y s work a sh i p, o n 8 oth r m prese nted to the poet h is birthday , a go d edal

226

Spa nish conquest the I ndians of New Mexico have been n but n good Christia s , here we have evide ce of idolatry n in m n m ﬂourishi g secret a o g the . These deities are n l n of n n arra ged groups seve each , each grou p represe t in f m l o f n n 24 a n d 26 g a a i y gods . For i sta ce are hus b n a nd f m 30 3 a d wi e , while the ﬁve s aller obj ects , to 7 , d n are their chil re .

LE N OX LI B R A R Y . — m n . n MO 11 Ad issio free Ope every week day , except 11 M o 4 M m . . On h n b n day , fro A t P . . Fift ave ue etwee

n a nd n - fi rst n b Seve ty Seve ty streets . E dowed ythe late m n b of a nd a n c on Ja es Le ox , a ibliophile rare taste art noisse u r n in 18 70 a nd m . It was i corporated , the assive limesto ne buildi ng in classic style was first Opened to vis itor s i n 18 77 n b b n Ja uary , . Th e ge eral visitor will pro a ly be most i nterested in the picture gallery 0 11 the secon d of n o n f n floor . A catalogue the collectio is sale at fi tee n D t n n on ce ts . irec ly opposite the e tra ce to the gallery the n orth wall hangs the m ost con spicuous portrait in the ’ n 70 Gilber t S tu a r t s of G collectio , No . , portrait eorge

W n n - n n M n ashi gto , a full le gth pai ted for Peter Jay o roe i n 1 W n n n n in 799. ashi gto is sta di g . He is clad black . n n m o b The fi gers of his right ha d rest fir ly n a ta le . His t n a nd left foo is slightly forward . The pose is stro g dig n ifi e d G n : 56—Ja mes . rouped arou d this portrait are P ea le h - n W n n in n f m ; — , alf le gth portrait of ashi gto u i or 84 Portrait of Wash i ngton copied from the portrait by ha r les Wilson P ea le in n n n in C Arli gto House , pai ted 5— r l n n 1 2 8 R mb a n a e o f W . 77 . e dt P e , Portrait ashi gto W n n n in Besides these ashi gto Portraits , there ha g this — l of Mr s R M . : 65 Gi ber t tu a r t . group S , Head obert orris 64— S i r Joshu a R e nolds n l of m n y (E g ish), Portrait Ed u d b 9— B M o e of u 9 S . . r s B rke (proba ly a copy) . , Portrait n in W n n f m n in the Lafayette , pai ted ashi gto ro sitti gs W m n m n of 1 25 n . . 8 . o th February , , prese ted by H Osbor — ' W 74 ha r les R L sli e of n n n . C . e , Portrait ashi gto Irvi g 14 — of n M n m in n 7 Portrait Joh ilto , for erly the possessio o fC L m n R n K nn . has . a b , prese ted by obert Le ox e edy — ” 73 La ndseer of W h . 13 7 , Study ”a ite Horse Ji menez n fé on , A Spa ish Ca . Noteworthy pictures 2 “ : 5 — H or a ce Ver n e t the right of this grou p are , Siege of o n 52—F r ed de E ra cle Saragossa, a p werful ca vas . . 227

“ Mi - n in — leer d . 59 S a lentin , the elder, Le t a School , “ R n of n n n The eceptio a You g Pri ce , the co trast be t ween the di fﬁ de nt cu i iosityof the lads a n d the assur n of n n n ou a ce the you g pri ce bei g capitally brough t t . m n i n n 011 n h s The— ost co sp cuous pai ti g the ort wall i , 146 M unlca cs M n a n h ” y, ilto Dict ti g Paradise Lost to is Da u ht e 1 s n n h r re i oduc tion g , too well k ow t ough its p as a n n a nd i n u 1 e u i i e de sc ri etchi g , vario s periodicals , to q p n n R n K nn 1s n tio . Prese ted by obert Le ox e edy . It ﬂa ked o n 148—H enr R a ebur n of e n the left by y , Portrait a g t le ma 0 11 t 103— i r Jb hu R e nolds n ; the lef by S s a y , A c harmi ng picture of a boy in a red velvet dress n n for wa i d 0 11 n u n n e n a n d lea i g a g ree c shio , holdi g p in n m n o paper his ha d . Fro the collectio f Philip ’ M R n n n etcalf , ey old s executor . Other oteworthy pai t n on l : 83 H ubner F i gs this wal are , The irst r n 92—D ni l H unti n ton T r umbu ll G . a e a dchild g , after , n m n 43 t o 47— b S ir Da v id Alexa der Ha ilto . Sketches y

i l i - D i l H unti n t n m W k e 97 a n e o . . g , Christopher Colu bus On t h e 101— i r Jos hu R nolds Mrs south wall i s S a ey , .

n n C - n Billi gto as St . ecilia , a beautiful full le gth portrait of this famous si nger with a choir of a ngels ﬂutteri ng n n n n mu of M rs a d t o . arou d her si gi g the sic her voice . n n m in n On n Billi gto had a great ad irer Hayd . seei g ’ this picture in R ey nold s studio as it was neari ng com le tion m n it r e p , the great co poser , eyei g critically , “ ” m Y ou n i t n Mr s B in n arked : pai ted wro g . . ill gto ann a nd a looked oyed , th”e rtist , ”greatly displeased , : In ? W hy n asked what respect , said Hayd , the n S n n n o M r s n n in a gels hould have bee liste i g t . Billi gto , M r n n n n U s n . n stead of . Billi gto liste i g to the a gels po Mr s n n m a nd m this , . Billi gto ju ped up gave the co poser a nd n on a hug a kiss . Next to this picture ha gs the ’ ” 34— M W T r ner ff n C J. . . u righ t , , Sta a , Fi gal s ave , a n m m in ca vas ost characteristic of this aster , especially n conﬂu xi n of in se a the wo derful o the waves a heavy . I t b m for Mr n in was ought fro the artist . Le ox August , “ 1 4 On f 32— 111 W T u r ne n 0 11 8 5 J . . r . the le t . , A Sce e

n C a n n - of- n the Fre ch oast , with E glish ship war stra ded , in which a gorgeous su nset is represe nted in the smooth i i i irr or - n a nd O n n on like wet sa d water . ther pai ti gs l : 100 —i r Jos hu R e nolds this wal are S a y , Portrait of ’ M K F M K s u e iss itty isher, wi th doves . iss itty attit d is charmi ng a s sh e hol ds ou t he r ha nd for another dove to 143—S ir H en r R a ebur n of alight . y , Portrait Lady n a nd 105—Gilber t S tu a r t N ewton Belhave ”; , The Dull O n t he 138 Lecture . the west wall over ”door is m n t a la ti n o n C . V , A Boar Hu t the a pag a To the lef of i l S—E scosur a D the door , ” , The Parrot ealer at the m X l 33— m of t o f . S a a cois Chateau Blois , ”i e Louis III , of n 110 The Court Fool , a portrait th e pai ter . ’ n of of n M n ff S i r O rigi al sketch part the Bl i d a s Bu , d i ki of 6—A nd Da v i W l e . 8 r ea To the right the door , del S a r to t a nd n one of m n , Tobi the A gel , the ost ote r n ih n n of wo thy ca vases the collectio . A collectio sculp in b tures is the vesti ule . Th e collection o frare books in the h all to the north of b on n in the vesti ule , the grou d floor , is the richest this un a nd n in m n co try , is especially oteworthy Bibles , a y n n n or m n of of these bei g I cu abula , speci e s the first prod uc ts n n a r e m of the art of pri ti g . There also re arkable n n Milton ia na a n d n collectio s of Shakespearea a , , editio s ’ ’ ofB un a n s m a nd of n n y Pilgri s Progress , Elliot I dia On m Bibles . the extre e right of th e south wall is the n n n a nd n n alcove of porcelai s . Adjoi i g th is exte di g to w in m n n of the door ay are , three s all cases , i e copies the ’ ” n M ilton s ns first editio of Paradise Lost , with variatio ’ “ ” in n of M i lton s m the title ; the first editio Co us , ” “ a nd m a nd his m Lycidas , Poe s pole ”ic Pro n no De fe nsio e t E ikonocla ste s a nd Populo A glica , the m n of K n d 13 1660 procla atio the i g , ated August , , d n k In f irected agai st this wor . the doorway itsel are m n n n n in si x s all cases co tai i g choice works . Arra ged l n n of m th ree cases a o g the souther wall the roo , to the of door o n n n n ofS ha kes right th e e teri g , are rare editio s ea r e in fi of F i r st F olio p , the rst case , two copies the , 1622 a nd 1623 the with two titles , respectively , latter bei ng the so- called Litchfi e ld C opy mentio ned by Dibdin ; nn n in a nd n n begi i g the first case , exte di g through the n n n of econd seco d , seve copies , each with variatio s the S F oli o 1632 i n of T hi r d , : the third case , two copies th e

F oli o 1663 - 64 a nd of F our th F oli o 1685 In , , two the , . d n of n all the cases are early e itio s si gle plays . The collectio n of B ibles is co ntai ned chieﬂy in two o n n rows f four cases each , placed back to back , exte di g from the extreme left dow n the middle of t he room to a

230 i ngs ; six mi niatur es ofthe E vangelists ; e ight historiated a nd n intitu la tions borders four headi gs with figures for , all heightened with gold in the best style of Italian art i lo vio n i n m by Giul o C . I t is bou d cri son velvet with a n a nd e d for n pate t lock key , was ex cute Alexa der , C n n a nd n u III ardi al Far ese , prese ted to Pope Pa l . In m o ut on a r e the iddle of the alcove , the floor , two on n n n m cases , that the east side co tai i g a co plete collee ’ t n ofJohn E lli ot n n b a nd o io I dia Bi les , others f E lli ot s a n of a nd works , together with au tographic letter Elliot , letters o f other early New Engla nd colon ial worthies ; n R b W n o f n In t he letters prese ted by o ert i throp , Bosto . “ ” n n Zuma r r a a the west case are Doctri a Christia a , g , JII exi co 1543—44 one of n of , , the earliest productio s the in m n h n n press A erica , it bei g a fact wort oti g that pri nti ng was done in Mexico earlier than in the colo nies ; “ ” m n S te hen Da e C a m Bay Psal Book , pri ted by p y , br id e M a ss 1646 in n l a n g , . , , the first book the E glish guage pri nted in America ; Laws a nd Acts of New Wi lli a m B r a d or d N ew Y or k 1693—1694 York , f , , , the first book pri nted in the city or provi nce of N e w York ’ “ 95 de Al co d Aill ma (p. ) Petrus y (Pierre y), I g o M un 1483 m di , about , su pposed to have directed Colu b us b n o f W n n n n to the possi le existe ce a ester Co ti e t . I n a c a se in a nd in aga st the wall east of the alcove , each of two cases placed bac k to back along the cen ter a n t o of the floor e st of the door, are books relati g the m m n m n discovery of A erica , a o g the the rare accou t of the third voyage o f V e spucius ; four o f the famous n n d m one o f. Colu bus letters , which was certai ly pri te by S te hen F la unch R ome 1493 m e of p , at , ; a co pl te series he z t Corte letters , several autograph letters by Diego um h m of Col bus , who succeeded his fat er as Ad iral the “ ” n osmo r a hia Introductio 1507 in I dies ; C g p , , which “ the word A merica occurs fo r the first ti me ; o ne o f m of Am a Vi enna 1520 a nd C on the earliest aps” eric , , , Xer s a la ma nca 154 u u F r a nci sca de e S 7 . q esta de Per , , , In t he h wn m of m in the t ird case , do the iddle the roo , h n of : G m n sout li e east the door , are The first er a Bible , n b H e nr E este in S tr a sbur 1466 a nd pri ted y y gg , g , about , m n b r a u 14 0 n of B P e 8 . the first editio the Bohe ia i le , g , o n n of 0 11 n h At the east e nd fthe ce ter li e cases , the ort n n n n a nd side , is a case co tai i g ch iefly Aldi e classics, 23 1

’ to m l o fC a xton s m n next it exa p es works , a o g the latter “ Wes tmi nster 1484 so- a be the Breeches Bible , , ”, c lled of of G n cause the use the word , breeches , e esis, iii , 7 . The library pro per in the south wi ng numbers about volumes a n d is especially rich in works of early m n a nd - l a nd in l n A erica history belles etters , works re ati g t o a nd a nd n n Shakespeare biblical literature , co tai s the m of J W l . arge usical library the late oseph Drexel . A carefully selected library of E nglish a nd French litera r n F n ture was ece tly bequeathed to it by elix Astoi .

A M E R I C A N M US E U M OF N A T U R A L

H I S T OR Y .

The American Museum of Natural History is S ituated in M n n n f m n - n h a hatta Park , which exte ds ro Seve ty seve t t o - fi r st n h a nd N n Eighty st reets , betwee Eight i th ave n n of n - fi v e ues . It is gover ed by a board twe ty trustees , a nd its privileges are extended upon the same t erms as of M n M m of n those the etropolita useu Art , excepti g that the tickets c a rry with them the further privilege of u tili z i ng the study collectio ns which are not on e xhibi n u b n tio n to the ge eral p lic . The city fur ishes the build i n M m n n m g , the useu occupyi g it u der a lease si ilar to n M m A rt M t hat of the Metropolita useu of . The useum m 10 M n . . M is ope every week day fro A to P . . , a n W n a nd ur n n n d also ed esday Sat day eve i gs . Th e i sti t ution in o f m n i s still the early stages its develop e t , its pla n bei ng to gradually extend its collectio ns u ntil it ca n ff o of n r n o er every facility f r the study atu al scie ce . Its m growth has bee n re arkably rapid . I t was chartered in 1 nu of n m 869 . The cleus its collectio s was for ed by the of G n of m purchase the D . . Elliott collectio North A eri c a n b n n irds , to which was soo added the collectio of birds a nd mammals of the late Pri nce Maximillian of Neuwied ; the pri ncipal acquisitions S inc e the n have b n m n of ee the Ja es Hall collectio fossils , which is the best of America n palaeozoic forms a nd is one of the most i mportant cabi nets in the Museum ; the Jay collection W M n . of n . shells , prese ted by iss Cathari e L olfe (p m m of n W f who as a e orial her father , Joh David ol e , was the first pre s iden t of the Museum ; the B aily collee tion of mi ne rals ; the Jesup collection of woods ; the 232

J e sup collection of buildi ng stones ; the Emmo ns archai n n n b logical collectio of Alaska obj ects . The prese t uild ing bei ng too small for the complete exhi bitio n of the n of M m now n collectio s the useu , the city i s erecti g a large additio n of brick faced with brownsto ne at t he n e nd w m n of souther , hich has caused a te porary tra sfer

n n n S n - n the e tra ce to the ortheast ide . The cor er sto e of n n n G n n 2 the prese t buildi g was laid by Preside t ra t , Ju e , 18 74 a nd n m n m , th e buildi g was for ally o pe ed Dece ber 22 1 in n 1 n 8 7 . 0 , 7 The halls this buildi g are 7 feet lo g 60 n in h m 18 t o by feet wide , th e stories varyi g eight fro 30 n n e w n b feet . Duri g this year th e additio will pro ably b e m d n a n m co plete , whe large dditio s will be ade to the m n b In a nd n . exhibits , their arra ge e t possi ly altered the

n fi ne - m m t additio is a lecture roo already co ple ed , where lectures are delivered u nder th e auspices of the State n n n of n r n a nd u n Superi te de t Public I st uctio , der the of m special charge —Prof . A . S . Bick ore . C OLLEC TI ON S Jesup Collecti ons : The h all on th e groun d floor is chiefly take n u p with the J e sup C olle c t n m n a nd the Je su n of io of A erica Forestry , p Collectio n m E n m b of M K Eco o ic to ology , oth the gift orris . Jesup , e n of M m e su C n of the presid t the useu . The J p ollectio A merican Forestry is believed to co ntai n a speci men of the wood ofal l b ut twelve ki nds o f trees in the Un ited a nd a n i n a States , is thoroughly rra ged large c ses placed at right a ngles to the walls of the room between the n a n m n m n n wi dows , ad irable arra ge e t for securi g perfect b n n w h . lighti g , hic is followed through out t he uildi g Each speci me n is split about half way dow n its e ntire n l w n le gth . The lower ha f , therefore , hich is i tact , the n b n d shows appeara ce of the tree with its ark u touche , u h n of t he d while the pper split alf shows the grai woo , b f n u b eauti ully polished . The collectio is thoro ghly la eled , t he cards givi ng not only the familya nd species of t he but S e c n of c o tree , its p cifi gravity , perce tage ash , n o f On b efficie t elastici ty , etc . each la el is also a chart showi ng in gree n the geographical distri butio n of the d tree . Besides the woo , there are artificially prepared , bu t n n m b m n of a nd o e the less ad ira le , speci e s the leaf b m o f A 11 m n n of losso each tree . i porta t adj u ct this collection is the Jesup Collection of Economic E ntomol 0 11 b in a nd ogy . This is exhibited ta le cases the alcoves ,

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G n n nd n n ward to ree la d a the Arctic Oc ea , early every species a nd sub - spe c ies in this great tract of cou ntry n nt b one o r m m n h bei g represe ed y ore speci e s . The Sout A merican birds occupy the remai ni ng cases F to J on the of a nd n b d m M W east side the hall , i clude ir s fro exico , est n C n m a nd m I dies , e tral A erica South A erica . The Old W orld birds occupy all the cases on the west side of the n n m hall . Each collectio is arra ged syste atically , start ing at the north e nd ofthe h all wit h the highest o r more a z n a nd nd n speci li ed group , the so g bird , e i g with the in m n b lowest , which t he North A erica irds are the auks , ic ons a nd a nd in m n a nd , grebes, the South A erica Old W b n n a nd struth u u s b M n orld irds the pe gui s o irds . a y N e w W orld birds have bee n arra nged with Old W orld speci men s so that th e seri e s on the west side of the hall IS withi n certai n limits a general systematic collection of o b in the birds f the world . Besides the irds the n n in l n n n ge eral collectio , there are this hal cases co tai i g the balance of the i nteresti ng mammal groups a nd two of ofb n m cases birds rillia t plu age . On a n the ﬂoor above , a gallery leads rou d this hall , a nd suspe nded on a level with this gallery is a huge war canoe made from one tree by the Bella - Bella tri be n n mb a nd opposite Quee Charlotte Isla d , British Colu ia , n R n m prese ted by Heber . Bishop . O ly the botto of it c a n n m one o f m be see fro the Bird Hall , but it is the ost i nteresti ng features to be see n from t he Eth nological G allery . — E thnolog ica l Ga ller y The collectio ns in the E thno logical Gallery ou the third floor begi n i n case A o n the

n u o f - nu t east side , with weapo s , a full s it cocoa fibre m a nd m n of n ] ar or so e very sca t articles weari g appeal , m a m a nd n B —F inc chiefly fro S oa the Fij i Isla ds . Case collection of hideous masks used in war a nd sacred d n a nd of n f m N w n C— e . a ces , weapo s ro Irela d Beauti fully carved paddles from the islan ds o f Mangaia a nd M n n m n a nd aori weapo s , carved idols , or a e ts apparel , offi ne ma n D— a f m N e w nd all work shi p . P ddles ro Irela , a nd n f - n b weapo s , especially ef ective looki g short clu s , m n E —L n n fro the Fij i Isla ds . o g war—clubs fi ely carved , m s n a nd m F wa r b fro the Fij i I la ds Sa oa . Besides clu s m N e w n a - several reed pi pes fro Irela d , feather he d gear, a nd u u n — us baskets go rds from Ne w G i ea . G Ferocio 235

’ n w n m h K n t e M . looki g shark teeth , eapo s fro i g s ill group H— m n nd a nd J Several Cava bowls fro Tu ga Isla s . I W eapo ns a nd articles of apparel fro m various Pacific n In m of n e nd of isla ds . the iddle the souther the m m gallery is a huge Haida idol fro Bri tish Colu bia . O n the east side ofthe gallery begi nni ng on th e souther n e nd with K is a n ad mirable collection ofhideous masks m n L— n n fro Alaska (E mmons collectio ). Alaska ute sils of a nd n n mb n m m n wood . hor spoo s , ga li g i ple e ts , large woode n food dishes almost like troughs a nd baskets of s mm n M— n m m n pruce (E o s collection). Fish i g i ple e ts a nd - n m l mm n n seal killi g clubs fro A aska (E o s collectio ). b f m k n Also c loth , eauti ully carved pu p i vessels , shield , b - a a nd r od a nd u askets , large water j rs brass vessels Zul n ff- — o f n s u boxes , Africa , several these objects prese ted H n n N —K ffi r n u . n a by C P . u ti gto . weapo s , Zul war a nd ba s ke t wv ork a nd t m a n shields , Bri ish North A eric a nd m n n O— h m n other A erican I dia articles . Nort A erica b m n m m mm in G n o jects , a o g the a u y discovered ra d n K n a nd f m h ave ue cave , e tucky , articles ro Britis G n P— m m n — n uia a . A erican ou d pottery . Q Africa — m n R n nd n . articles . Ce tral a South A erica a tiquities T — a nd m t he nd Skulls dessicated heads fro Pacific isla s , shru nke n to a ghastly small n ess b u t preservi ng th e b n f n n . features . the e fect bei g heighte ed ylo g . black hair d n o n b n in Besi es the collectio s exhi itio , there is the

u m u ﬁ ne ; n st dy roo p stairs the A E . Douglass collectio a nd of n n m n of library prehistoric I dia relics , a y these f m b Mr u m ro Florida mounds open ed y . Do glass h i self . It has a li ne ofperfect pottery a nd the larg est collection m n n 350 n n of he atite relics k ow , about very i teresti g pipe m a nd m n heads , discs for ga es , perforated gorgets cere o ial b o jects . o — n Ge log ica l H a ll This is o the fourth ﬂoor . Th e

n b n . o f n min collectio s exhi ited co sist a co chological , a e r a lo ica l a nd a n l e mb ra c g a geologic l collectio , the atter i ng a collec tio n o f fossil orga nic remai ns a nd other m m n n aterial illustrati ng the geological for atio s , pri c i

- 1 n of n n 5 . pally this cou try . (Ha d book , ce ts ) The conc hological collectio n occupies the two ranges ofcases placed on the west side of the middle of the room a nd is f m n n m d what was or erl y k n ow as the Jay collectio , a e

b n e Y . a nd . ofR . yDr Joh C . Jay , y, N , purchased with 236

the n n b M C n L W library pertai i g to it y iss athari e . olfe , a nd prese nted to the Museum as a me mori a l of her n W n of t he father , Joh David olfe , the first preside t M m n useu . The collectio is thoroughly labeled . The m u of shells ost popular beca se their beauty , the cypraeas a nd n n r in 1 the co es , will be fou d espectively cases 7 a nd 18 a nd in 19 21 cases to . The M i neralogical Collection occupies fourteen desk cases arranged along the east side of the middle hall a nd ’ n n m o m n is classified accordi g to Da a s syste f i eralogy . Commenci ng at the first case on the e a st side there is arranged a collection represe nti ng th e n ative elements n n n m n n w as far as the collectio co tai s speci e s . The follo n m n m n fi ne th e differe t grou ps . A o g the i erals i s a n m of z l m cabi et of alachites , a grou p quart crysta s fro n n a nd m n of Hot Spri gs , Arka sas, speci e s exquisitely z a nd ff n n of m nd agati ed trees , the Ti a y collectio ge s a g e m materials a n d a special case illustrating th e geology ofM n n n m n m n n a hatta Isla d , a o g the i erals bei g a huge a n g r et . The Geological Collection occ upies the large ca s es formi ng al c oves along each side of t he room a nd the o n m m alc ve cases betwee the . The cases are ostly either or n m n d lettered u bered . The large cases alo g the si es of the room are lettered on the e nd of the case u nder the b m on e nd gas racket ; the alcove cases are nu bered the . In the e nds of the alcove ca ses is arra nged a special se r ie s of fossils to illustrate the A merican portio n of “ ’ ” na M n of G t of Da s a ual eology , a large par the species exhi bited bei ng the very o nes from which the figures in M n n O n f n t he the a ual were take . the label will be ou d n m of a n d o f of a e the species that its author , the page M n a nd n mb of the a ual where figured , the u er the figure n n of n or n m represe ti g it , th e grou p pla ts a i als to which b n a nd n n it elo gs th e locality whe ce obtai ed . There is ’ also a copy of Da na s Manual of Geology kept in alcove N o 2 of h n . for the use visitors wh o wis to co sult its one n f m in pages . Th is featu re is ever be ore atte pted a n n m m n t n ycollectio or useu . Agai s th e wi dows are beautifully colored tra nsparencies of localities (chiefly W n n n n m n ester ) showi g i teresti g geological for atio s . The most i nteresti ng object i n this hall to the ge neral b n oft he M a stodon Gi a nteus pu lic is the skeleto g , whose

X CHAPTE R .

E T R A L P A R K C N .

n k n b f - n n Ce tral Par is bou ded south yFi ty i th street . n h b One n a nd n b ort y Hu dred Te th street , east yFifth n b th n It a n n o f ave ue , west yEigh ave ue . is evide ce ho w m n d ma m hu a skill , gui ed by artistic taste , y ake W n n in glad the waste places . ork u po it was begu 18 57 u m un now , p to which ti e the gro d covered by what is co nsidered o ne o fthe most beauti ful pleasure grounds i n wa s n of a nd the world , a dreary expa se rock , brush m n of n swa p . Perhaps the very rugged ess the orig i al has co ntributed not a little to th e beauty o f the ﬁ nished work ; the huge boulders which here a nd there project f m b l n or n on ro the eautifu law s , sta d g uard the waters of k a nd n n not im the la es po ds , addi g a little to the

iv e ne ss of n . pre ss the la d—scape E s n 27 GENERAL F E AT UR . Ce tral Park is a little over } m in n a nd m n m i n iles le gth , a little ore th a h alf a ile b b n 840 9 m of readth ; its area ei g acres , with iles drive , averagi ng in width 54 feet a nd exte ndi ng i n places to a width of 60 feet ; 5%miles o f bridle paths averag i ng 164; m 400 in a nd 29 m o f . feet width , % iles walks So e acres b a nd n n are wooded , the trees , shru s vi es put out si ce the o pe ni ng of the park n umberi ng over The b n d m h e ches istributed throughout the park , placed as uc as possible in secluded n ooks a nd withi n the shelteri ng f or n o f shade o the trees arbors, have a seati g capacity The various drives are usually alive with every variety o f fashionable equi pages ; the mai n e ntrance for this picturesque procession bei ng a t Fi fth ave nue a nd

- n n h n n Fifty i t street . Those who are i terested partie l a r lyin fast horses c a n see these en teri ng the Park at

h h - n n h Eig t ave nu e a nd Fifty i t street . The Park De pa r tme nt has made a gra nd divisio n of Ce ntral Park n nd h n ne w i to the South a Nort Park , regardi g the n ofd n b Croto n R eservoir as the li e ivisio . For the eauti n ff n b n ful la dscape e ects i which the Park a ou ds , the

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public is i ndebted to Frederick La w Olmsted a nd Calvert V a ux ; the architectura l features bei ng by Calvert V aux a nd W M the late J . rey ould . t es — n n n n n in E n r a nc . to The e tra ces the Park , i etee n m a nd the n n n of u ber , are called gates , it is i te tio th e mm n n fﬁ n m n Park Co issio ers, whe su cie t o ey for carry i n ou t on n m by g their purpose is ha d , to j ustify the ter putti ng up g ates of ha ndsome a rchi tectural desig n at the n n m a nd n of various e ntra ces . The a es locatio s the nt n a n d f n n e ra ces localities , as o ﬁcially g ive , will be fou d o m n n ma of n n the acco pa yi g Ce tral Park . —p L a kes a nd R eser voi r s The lakes a nd po nds in the P k a n of 43 t of t ar have area 1 acres . The larges hese i s a t m the Lake , whose shores , about i ts iddle , approach so closely as to v irtually form a strait dividing it in to b 20 n two parts . It covers a out acres . The Po d , cover in b 5 in n g a out acres , lies a lovely depressio j ust to the west of the e ntra nce o f Fift h avenue a nd F l fty- ni nth n W 2 1 n f street . The Co servatory ater , 32 acres , is ear Fi th

n a nd n - f a nd n m ave ue Seve ty ourth street , derives its a e f m i s n ro t vicinity to the site reserved for a co servatory . a nd l m M n of The Pool , the Loch , Har e eer , are a chai

n n 2 1 a nd 121 po ds coveri g respectively acres , acre }

‘ in acres the North Park . There are two reservoirs , the a nd m in n of n n older s aller the ce ter the Park , exte di g from Seve nty - ni nth to Eighty - fourth street ; th e n ewer a nd larger lyi ng nearly e ntirely across the Park between

- a nd ine t - a nd Eighty sixth N ysixth streets . A walk n h com bridle path lead arou d it . The reservoirs ave a bine d 143 area of a cres . — B oa ts Goa t Ca r ts e ta n so- , , O u the Po d are the called L n n a 22 n a nd n ohe gri bo ts , feet lo g holdi g twelve people a nd co nsisti ng of a catamaran propelled by a stern is n in n n velocipede , which co cealed a swa , whe ce the n m : 10 n boats derive their a e . Fares Adults , ce ts ; n 5 n 1 n c hildre , ce ts ; adults , twelve tickets for $ ; childre , w n - ﬁ v e 1 On row t e ty tickets for $ . the Lake are regular m . : 2 one boats Fares Circuit of th e Lake , iles , pas n 10 n n n of se g er, ce ts ; childre _ u der twelve years age , 5 n 50 n n 25 n ce ts ; six adults , ce ts ; six c hildre , ce ts . : One n 30 n h Party boats perso , half hour , ce ts ; eac n n 10 n n 5 n additio al perso , ce ts ; ch ildre , ce ts . Boats without boatme n ca n be e ngaged at the boat house at 240

r bu t a o 2 is u e d B c a n these ates , dep sit of $ req ir , oats

be ha d n 11 M M don l s a nd oa t u til P . . At the all are / eg g 10 n n nd ca r r ousel 5 n carts , ce ts ; ear the ball grou a , ce ts , a nd i n u of swin s nt a a 5 c . v —rio s p rts the Park g , e s M ea ls Meals ma y b e had at the Casi no a nd at V M n S t . n n m n ou t i ce t ; light refresh e ts at the Dairy , a nd m n S ka ti n n i eral waters at the Spa . For g see u der 64 Sports , p . . M n M m of Ar t Besides the etropolita useu (p . in Ob n m b of th ere are the Park the elisk , a u er statues a nd of a nd M n grou ps statuary the e agerie . L S — m m l o one o f OBE I K . The obelisk is a e oria f the most a nci e nt races standi n g in the chief pleas ure grou nd of one of n n n old it m a the you gest Of atio s . How is y be j udged from the fact that it was probably gazed upon b M y oses . ’ F r om A le a d — x n r i a to N e w or lc. The h istory of its acquisitio n byNew York City begi ns wit h the ope n in of z C n in 18 69 n K g the Sue a al , whe the hedive n m W m n a n m n i ti ated to illia He ry Hurlbert , A erica n t m be b Un jour alist , hat it ight possi le for the ited States t o a s M r on n acquire it a gift . . Hurlbert , his retur to t he m n n of W il New York , brought atter to the atte tio m V n b a nd i n b 18 78 lia H . a der ilt , Octo er , , the Secretary of State of the U nited States i nstructed the United

n - G n n n n n States Co sul e eral at Alexa dria to O pe egotiatio s , u b In 18 9 for m which res lted favora ly . 7 , bids its re oval from Alexandria a nd its transportation to New York mm n n G n for a nd . were advertised , Co a der He ry H orri ge , N n m n f U . . S . , secured a co tract for its re oval , tra s er a nd n in C n a n n erectio e tral P rk , for E gla d delayed 78 years i n transporting to Lo ndon the twi n o f in b obelisk that New York . The New York o elisk n 1 1 G n 2 88 . was erected Ja uary , orri ge arrived at Alex mb 6th o f m n b 16 18 79. a dria Octo er , Nove er the sa e 100 w n year he put Arabs at ork excavati g the pedestal , n k n pushi g the wor vi g orously , as great Oppositio to the

m of s n a nd ha d n re oval the obelisk had ari e , he reaso to n b n a nd fear Viole ce . Th e o elisk was tur ed lowered to a m 6 18 79 n Gor z n n . hori o tal positio Dece ber , It was the n in n n a nd n a nd ri ge discovered , the fou datio steps , sto es n n n n a nd f i mpleme ts of maso ic sig iﬁca ce , he care ully t n n m n noted their posi io , replaci g the exactly whe he

241

th N H e u erected e obelisk in e w York . p rchased the m B esson a nd mb stea er g , e arked with his cargo of

n n 12 1880 n N e w 20th . to s J u e , , arrivi g at York July The obelisk was disembarked at State n Island o n tracks a nd nn n a nd n n ca o balls, so great i terest had bee awak e ned in it that the visitors on o ne day alon e numbered r e we mba r ke d a nd on mb 16 1880 It was , — Septe er , , drawn f ro m the foot of N ine tysixth street a nd East on G K n l river tracks with rollers to reywacke o l , a beau ti ful rise of gro un d j ust west of the Metropolitan M m O n 9th M n useu of Art . O ctober , Free aso s paraded a nd their Gra nd Master laid the fou ndatio n n a nd n a 22 188 1 b k n in sto e ; Ja u ry , , the o elis was u veiled n o f of the prese ce spectators . The total cost n n m u n n tra sportatio , a o ti g to was defrayed by V n b C n m a der ilt . By a special act of o gress, A eri c a n s registry was allowed the B es ong . — Descr iption a nd H i stor y The Obelisk is a striki ng m o f f a nd n m l exa ple grace ul elega t si plicity . Its tota 90 of m n h height is feet , the height the o olithic s aft b n 69 kn 8 x 8 a nd ei g feet . Its thic ess at the base is feet , u n o f n m its weigh t po ds . It is red sye ite fro the n n n of n n on Asso a quarries . The pli th , sye ite , sta ds a b o f m n n n ase with three steps hard li esto e , the fou datio n m n m n bei g a ass of co crete , ca pped with aso ry to a level m n n b n with the pave e t . This is the o ly O elisk , excepti g a m l one C h m an s al at Corfe astle , __whic is acco p ied by its origi nal pedestal a nd s teps : The mon olith itself is a quadrilateral shaft endi ng in r imidion O n r irnidion n n i n a py . this py are i scriptio s hieroglyphics which show that the obelis k dates f rom t he n o fT hothme s I II n n reig , the greatest Egyptia ki g , 1591 15 B n n n n 65 C . a nd n o to . , the i scri ptio s the ce ter li e o f the three sides of the monolith on which the hiero l hics T hothme s g yp are still legible , are also dedicated to a nd consist chieﬂy of his list of titles a nd of ﬂatteri ng

n n n n . epithets , all the i scri ptio s bei g si gularly alike They furthermore s ho w that th e obelisk was erected by T hot hme u s before the Temple of the S n at Heliopolis . O n either side of the center l i n e of i nscriptio ns on each ofthe three faces are li nes of hieroglyphics i n whic h a ub B C . n n R m II 1322 . s seque t ki g , a eses , to , gloriﬁed m f a nd 933 B C n n Usorko n hi sel ; about . . , a other ki g , I , 242

f t n d T be g raved his O ﬁcial ti le ear the e ges . he Obelisk is lie v e d to have been th row n down by Cambyses betwee n B 525 nd 521 a nd the R m n . C a . , it lay prostrate till o a n t n m m Co quest . I t is hought to have bee re oved fro t o n b n n m Heliopolis Alexa dria yCleopatra , whe ce the a e ’ a nd n Cleopatra s Needle , to have bee erected at Alex n in n of th e m of Cmsa r s com a dria fro t Te ple the . Its n n n ow nd in n n l n a nd pa io , which sta s Lo do , had fa le , long lai n prostrate in the dust before it had bee n r e m n n a nd the oved to that city . Ours was still sta di g , is ’ u n m is n real Cleopatra s Needle , altho gh th e a e also give in n n to the obelisk —Lo do . B r onze Cr a bs A t the base of the monolith there were n nz b n of origi ally four bro e cra s , o ly two which , how m n now in M n ever , re ai ed . These are the etropolita M m of n n G a nd n inscr i useu Art . They co tai reek Lati p t ions which poi nt t o the year when the obelisk wa s r e in n of Cmsa r s n erected ho or the at Alexa dria , the “ n n d n : In 8 o f aes B a r ba ru s i scriptio s rea i g the year C ”ar , n n dedicated , Po tius bei g the architect . This would

- 22 B of r e n . C place the date its erectio at . The faces of the obelisk havi ng shown the effects of wear owi ng of ou r m n e n d to the severity cli atic cha g s , h ave bee coate a r ﬁi with p a ne . S AN D R OUPs ~— a nd STATUE G . The statues statuary groups in Ce ntral Park a n d their location are in their — alphabetical order : B ee thoven Oil the Mall east of the m n n On n u m usic sta d , a bro ze bust a gra ite pedestal ,

2 1 4 n the . i s 2 88 . veiled July , Looki g u p toward bust a n u n l z th e alleg orical ﬁg re which is o ly ife si e , although b B olir a r m n —ust is heroic . (the South A erica liberator) On the Summit R ock Concourse on the west side o f h e n - ﬁ rst t n n a n t Park ear the Eigh ty stree e tra ce , R m equestrian statue by . De l a Cora , a gift fro the a n nm n ofV n z u n n 17 peo ple d gover e t e e uela , veiled Ju e , 18 84 B r ns—A t e nd o f M b nz . a the south the all , a ro e o n E dinbor ou h statue f the poet by Joh Steele , g , pre sented to the city in 1880 by Scotch residents . — C ommerc e N ear the e ntrance at E ighth ave nue a nd

- n n a n l nz Fifty i th street , al egorical bro e ﬁg ure eight f n G n E a les a nd n . eet high; prese ted by Stephe B . uio g Goa t— of M nz n East the all , a bro e group by Frati , pre W n m 1863 F a lconer—W n G n . . se ted by ordo Bur ha , est

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n nz n b K m n n n stro g bro e casti g y e eys , represe ti g a pa ther for n m T i r ess a nd crouched the leap upo its victi . g Y ou n —A n of a n t g short dista ce west the terrace , ar is b nz u t u in 1 6 b t ni l—A 8 7 . We s er Da e t tic ro e group p p , the junction of the west drive a nd the road from Sev e nt - e n 1 he i oic of m n ys co d st eet , a statue the states a by m n G n W nh m Tho as Ball , prese ted by ordo . Bur a . M —T he n M na W ENAGERIE . Ce tral Park e geri e ( . A . f n n . t a nd Co kli , Supt ) is situated at Sixty our h street f n b 10 o f n Fi th ave ue . It occu pies a out acres grou d . l n m one n The ocatio is a te porary , it bei g the purpose to even tually remove the collectio n to one of the ne w parks n h f n situated on the ort side o the Harlem river . Sig s are attached to the cages givi ng t he common a nd scie n tiﬁ c n m n m m b n a e of the a i als , fa ily to which they elo g , b a nd n m o f n n ha itat a e do or . The car ivora are fed at M n n 9 M m n P . sea lio s , pelica s , etc . , at A . . ; o k M n M me e ys 9 a d 3 . t at A . . P . The ﬁrst paddock

on m - n n n n with the walk fro Fifty i th street co tai s deer . M n 3 m n n m n 2 . . S o key house . all house adjoi i g o key n n n m m n O f b 4 house co tai s u erous speci e s irds . . The large stone building is used for the Offices of ad mi nistra n a nd in tio of the Park the Park Police . It was erected 1 51 for na In n be 8 use as a State arse l . the buildi g is to n m of m see a colossal arble statue Colu bus , carved by M mm b n 5 n in iss E a Ste bi s. . The large buildi g the n b n n n n rear of the arse al uildi g co tai s the larger car ivora , u n a m a nd n s ch as lio s , tigers , leop rds , j aguar , pu a hyae a , also a splendid specime n of two - horned 1 hin oce r os from A i n n m n i coun 1 6 T o f1 ca n t . , the o ly livi g speci e this y . n u n n fo1 m the orth of this b ildi g is the ta k hippopota i , the you ngest of which was bor n in the M e na g e 1 ie 4 1890 n one in October , , bei g the first ever raised m a 7 of n l n A eric . To the south the car ivora bui di g n m n n n m b a nd are a u ber of cages co tai i g s all black ears , n in h n f m t he n a ta k whic are sea lio s ro Pacific Ocea , d n mb d n a n 8 . n u ers of water fowl . The ext buil i g is n 9 In n occupied by a telopes . . the rear is the elepha t h n nt n n f m n of t e n . house , ”co ai i g our speci e s I dia species T i the 8 f 9 n i n h p, largest , is eet i ches eight , weighs 9 000 n a nd i s 23 y old n m f0 1 1ne 1 l r pou ds , ears . This a i al ) b n K n V 0 1 m n a nd elo g ed to the i g of Italy , ict E a uel , a fte i b m r a nd his death was purch ased yAda Fo epaug h , M EN A GERI E .

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oun n m y o pleasure gr d , details of which stra gers , erel g in n m n no g over the grou d as ost stra gers do , have n 1n n a nd n a r k owledge whatsoever . The Park be g lo g it in e nd a nd m row , is easy to start at either ake a rea ’ sona blythorough tour of it without re tra c mg o ne s j ste s . Afte r enteri ng the Park at Fifth avenue a nd F ifty ni nth street the V isitor should li nger a nd watch the won de r ful n of of n processio carriages all descriptio s . He should the n take the ﬁrst pat h to the right a nd descen d to the beauti ful little sheet o f water called th e n u Po d , whose wavelets ripple p towards the n w n n T weepi g willo s overha gi g the rocky shores . he path alo ng the southern shore leads to th e n n b n wharf where the Lohe gri oats are a chored . Besides these boats black swan s g lide in a nd ou t of the n m b n n u erous ays whi c h pe etrate i to the shore . After passi ng t he wharfthe path rises towa rd the Sixth avenue n n a r ock m n n o n e tra ce to ye i e ce . Further , it leads to a m m of C o cot R on w uch higher ass rock , p ock , hich there a umme a nd n n is a l rge rustic s r h ouse , shady , cool i viti g a nd affordi ng glimpses ofthe west drive t o which a pat h d n . is l n n o n esce ds It pr”eferab e , however, to co ti ue n h nd b o f arou d t e Po . The path leads to a super rise n - n the m n a nd pi e crow ed rock called Pro o tory , pass ing behi n d this crosses a little bridge spanning a mi n ia w n n n ture strait , hich toward the orth broade s out agai . n the A little beyo d bridge the paths separate , that to the h n M n sout leadi g over to the e agerie , while that to the north rises a gain to the mai n drive with its brillian t thro ng of v e h tcles Taki ng the latter a nd proceedi ng n b alo g the drive , over the ridge which crosses the eques a n m on f tri path , the visitor reaches a s all path the le t d n m n m m which esce ds to a ro a tic dell , fro which gli pses of n n m of n a nd the orther extre ity the po d are had , leads ’ u a n K inde rbe r Childre n s p gai to the g ( Hill ), a rustic arbor of great beauty large eno ugh to accommodate several n b of n o r hu dred people . This ar or is loveliest a spri g autu mn da ywhen the vi nes are rustli ng in the b ree ze a nd n of n n n n M n gli ts su shi e are da ci g over the ﬂoor . a y d n u a d i n b for n chil re are su lly gathere this ar or , ear it are the swi ngs a nd the Dairy a nd b y crossi ng the drive to the west bythe path which desce nds from this arbor 247

M - Go- R un n h n the Carrousel ( erry o d), a ot er set of swi gs , nd d fi ne a nd the Ball Grou s are reache . A view is had Um R o t n e nd o fthe latter . pire ck rises at he southwester . of t o n of t he W est the drive , a little th e orth Bal l nd n n n Grou s , there is a path leadi g through what is k ow M is d as the Marble Arc h to the all . This path eeply a nd w h of d a nd shaded its level is far belo t at the rive , , n nd M b after passi g u er the ar le Arch , it rises by a flight t he M ff t he o fsteps to all . Th e e ect of beautiful vista which bu rs ts u pon the view as one e merg es from the Arch is one of the great tri umph s of architecture a nd n n in a n n landscape garde i g the P rk . After taki g a ge eral w of Ma e n n nn of vie the ll , pe ri g dow its colo a—des stately a nd b n n m of G n a - trees , o tai i g gli pses the ree tree dotted h m n t he t fi ne tre t c of eadowla d to es , with a flock of — w sheep it is practicable to make a detour from the Mall

he M n . a nd one to t e agerie (p . after has exh austed the ’ n M sights there , to retrace o e s steps to the all , but over diﬁ e re nt w t e m n a path , hic h leads hrough a v ry ro a tic section of rocks a nd trees a nd small Open passages of

w n . h f n meado called th e De e T is path , a ter crossi g the m n ns Ma n un s ai drive , rej oi the ll at the co cert gro d ; but n C n C n a nd t he c the Casi o o course , the asi o , Pergola a n n be i cluded . T he M a ll h w w n it s is , o ever, orthy of a stroll alo g n one - m i n . of n n e tire le gth It is about third a ile le gth , begi nni ng at the Marble Arch a nd exte ndi ng to the _ ' T er r a ce c omma nds a w E s la na de a nd , which Vie of the p ke n n m n n L a . Co certs are give at the usic sta d ear the n orthern e nd W ed nesday a nd Su nday after noons duri ng mm a t he su er . It is beautifully shaded stretch of n f m n n h grou d , rows of stately trees or i g gree arc ed nn a nd n m n a nd e colo ades , betwee the ai walk the sid nd n paths a drives are beautifully laid out law s . At the s n e nd o f H outher are the statues alleck , Scott , Shake n n n n n n speare a d Bur s . Arou d the ba d sta d are or a mental benches a nd the Beethove n statue stands in a n h On n n Open s pace to t e right . days whe co ce rts are give n the Mall is so crowded as to be practically impas T er r a ce a t n n e nd of M sable . The , th e orther the all u n h n u of n a nd om po hig grou d , is b ilt yellow sto e fr it w n n n three stair ays lead dow to the Espla ade , the ce tral stairway be i ng sunk under the r oad a nd leading through 248

b n a nd n m n or a rillia tly tiled or a e ted arch , , perh a ps , m n n on ore properly speaki g , hall , wi th iches either side . n b n The two side stairs are O pe , the sides eari g stone n n of d n m pa els with delicately carved desig s bir s , a i als a n w f m o f d fruits . The Vie ro the edge the Terrace O n s l n . E a na de is exceedi gly picturesque the p , which B eth sda n ru n s to th e edge of the Lake , is th e e F ou ta i n with its sparkli ng j ets a nd silvery drip from the u pper n b to the lowe r basi . Across the Lake is its old n orthern w dn t n b shore , with grey rocks , hose rug ge ess is sof e ed y n m n o f R m w deep foliage ; the co es the gree th e a ble , ith of i n b n the grey tower the Belvedere the ackgrou d , the whole bei ng hal f framed in by the soft green mou nds 0 11 d o f n In m that rise either si e the Espla ade . the ai n basi n O f the B ethesda F ounta i n are a nu mber of rare n m b a nd ln water pla ts . These are all co pletely la eled

l ﬂ e sh - d nd e lude the Lotus , the beautifu , colore I ia water l r n a nd m li y , the Papyus pla t the beautiful South A eri

- cad ﬂoati ng pond weed . The Bethesda Fou n tai n is a representation of the

f of . n 5 2 story o the Pool Bethesda , St Joh ( , Its crown i ng feature is the figure of a n a ngel who appears on m r ock a nd n to have j ust alighted a ass of , exte ds her hands as if blessi ng the waters which gush from i t i nto n of n n n a nd the u pper basi the fou tai , overflowi g this n n t he b n n dri ppi g i to lower asi , throwi g a silvery veil ym of m n over four figures s bolic Te pera ce , Purity , n n wa s n n Health a nd Peace . The fou tai desig ed a d th e b mm b n figures were executed yE a Steb i s . A tour in a nd ou t among the bays a nd under the bridges of the L a ke i n one of the boats is quite ne ce s sary to a thorough appreciation of the beauties of the n o not Park . A stra ger should als fail to take the path whic h leads alo ng the Lake arou nd to the boat house a n d past it over the high grou nd to the n orth to some o f m n n o f R a mble the most ro a tic portio s the , over rocky n n n f n n hills a nd dow i to surprisi gly beauti ul gle s . fi ally n crossi ng the graceful Bow Bridge , which spa s the Lake n n t he of at its narrowest poi t . Taki g road to the west n n this bridge the Cherry Hill Co course is reached , a poi t i n mm n to which people carriages drive , as i t co a ds a

f a nd . n n superb view o the Lake its shores The , leavi g the Concourse a nd followi ng the path along the dri ve to

249

a nd n W one con the west , passi g the ebster statue has a tinu ous v iew of the western e nd of t he Lake which is m n t n n m uch larger tha the eas er divisio . At the extre e n n e nd nk R na m m orthwester is Ba ock Bay , ed fro its b b n old rocky shores . It is crossed by a ridge at its poi t ofe ntra nce i nto the Lake a nd ta ki ng this bridge a nd n h one — followi g the path to the rig t , reaches through what seems a natural cleft i n the rock shutting o ut 1 n of z n — C a ve 1s o ne Of eve y sig civili atio the . This the m m n 1 of a m n ost ro a tic pa ts the P rk , for after e ergi g f1 O 1n the C a ve a nd a s ce ndi ng a ﬂight of n arrow sta i 1 s n o f one c a n W a nd hew out the solid rock , take a ild rocky path alo ng a little stream called the Gill a nd th us pass th ro ugh some of the most beautiful parts of the R a mbl w t he m e, hic h , as a whole , is probably ost se n a nd cluded part Of the Park , bei g rocky . well wooded havi ng here a nd there little cleari ngs like meadows on a m n n in one ou t m a b ou tai side . Here , fact , is shut fro sol ute lya nys uggestion of the c ity wh ic h lie s at either side . m n m the R m V R one E ergi g fro a ble over ista ock , re a ches a t th e southern e nd of the old receivi ng R eser ’ B e c eder e n n m voir, the , a pretty gra ite buildi g , fro 50 a n l n of whose towei , feet high , excel e t v iew the Park a n u i rou 1 n ha d d m d its s di gs is . A path lea s fro the the a Obe li sk 240 a nd Belvedere to e st to the (p . ) to the M r t n useu m o A r a nd to the t e t op oli a M f t (p . wes of the e n trance at Eighth ave nue a nd Seve nty- n i nt h street opposite the American Museum of Natural History

(p . Proceedi ng f i om th e Obelisk to th e ne w receivi ng R e se 1 v o1r which lies like a great lake al most ac ross the n a one c a n a 1 ou nd e tire P rk , take a walk which leads all a n n z it d e joy the fresh bree e as it blows over the water . n G A f It is worth while to i spec t th e Sou th ate House . te r n G a t n n reac hi g th e North ate House , th e orthwester m the R it b h extre ity of eservoir , is est to take the pat n M which leads dow to the North eadow , a broad stretc h

- nn n of tree dotted grass where the te is grou ds are . From here walks lead across t he extreme westerly drive to the P ool whic h lies far dow n below the drive a nd is the ﬁrst of a series of lakes a nd water cou rses

’ which termina te a t the extreme northeasterly part of 250

in H a r lem M ee r a not nl the Park . The ro d o y goes n m n d arou d the Pool , but leads fro it u der a ri ge of n atural rock alon g the little stream which connects the Pool L och of L och with the . At the head the a beauti ful litt le b 1 ook comes traili ng dow n among the rocks ft om 1 M a nd f the No th eadow the path i tself , a ter leav in L och n m u nt 1 g the , follows a other strea il the visito ﬁ nd m H a r lem M ee r 1 i ht hi self at . To his g is a high promo ntory a nd by asce ndi ng this to a poi nt wh ich is kn n Old R edou bt ca n n ﬁ ne V ow as the , he obtai a iew of M n n o f b n ca n the eer . He the , i stead dou li g h is ste ps , proceed from the R edoubt i n a southerly directio n M ount Vi c n t the a nd S t. n e towards , ac ross drive take a e L ck path which will bri ng him to the head of t h o . This he crosses by a bri dge a nd then a scends t h e high a nd d n e of R a e sely wood d westerlyshore the Loch . e ch in c a n it. to is n n g the westerl ydrive , he cross what k ow m or he c a n k t o a nd as Harle Heights , eep the right plu nge i nto a ma z e o f woodlan d a nd rocks risi ng to the 011 the B lock H o use nd n height which Old sta s , whe ce h e c a n desce nd a nd leave the Park at One Hu ndred a nd n Te th street . To the west of the n orthern e nd o f Central Pa1 k is M n n Pa 1 k 1 is in m n or i gside , g toward Bloo i gdale Heights . A conspicuous fe a t ui e o f this V iew will be the g1 ea t P i o te sta nt C a the d1 a l of n n E piscopal St . Joh the Divi e , on t he n M n n d to be built Heights, ear or i gsi e Park .

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harness droppi ng u po n them b y a n automatic arrange

m n in W One un a nd - n n e t , is est H dred Thirty i th street , b w n mb a nd m m n et ee Colu us New A sterda ave ues . The p a y- rolls for 188 9 aggregated a little over 56 n n o f m There are e gi es , two the vessels for work in n n n n or m n n que chi g fire alo g the water fro t a o g shi ppi g , a nd 20 a nd m n n m hook ladder co pa ies . The average u ber o fa larms respo nded to by each compa ny duri ng l a st ye a r was 116 ; the average nu mber o ffires at which each c o m n m 50 n n pa y perfor ed duty , ; there h avi g bee fires ; the total loss bei ng n n n H m Fifth ave ue co ti ues to the arle river . its course , h n n m O ne n a n owever , bei g i terrupted fro H u dred d Twe ntieth to One Hu n dred a nd Twenty - fourth streets by M n M m n ou t orris Square . The Harle river , which begi s at One Hu ndred a nd Twe nty - seve nt h street a nd Eas t fl for r n h n a nd n river, ows its g eater le gt orthwest orth , thus causi ng the sudde n narrowi ng of the isla nd a t the n e n n in w h n be orth . Th re is othi g hic the stra ger will n i n a d of t he particularly i terested th e e st si e city , b a n the a m etween Ce ntral Park d H rle river . Th e Har le m n n is crossed by a rai l road bridge at Seco d ave ue , connecti ng the Harlem river branch of the N e w H n f a nd n York , New ave Hart ord road the suburba rapid tra nsit system with the Seco nd ave nue branch of the Ma nhattan elevated ra ilroad ; at Third avenue by a bridge for foot passe ngers a nd vehicles ; by a railroad b ridge connected wit h the Grand Central Depot system at Fourth avenue ; by a bridge for foot pas se ng e r s a nd vehicles at Madison ave nue ; by wh a t is ’ k now n as the M c Comb s Da m Bridg e or Ce ntral Bridge ’ at Mc C omb s Lane ; b ya bridge co nnecti ng the N e w Y n R R M n n ork Norther . . with th e a hatta elevated road nu H h d W n at Eighth ave e ; by ig Bri ge (p . ashi g ’ nd K n d a nd ton . a Bridge (p i g s Bri ge , by a railroad bridge a t the poi nt where Spuyten Duyvi l c reek e nters n In nn m of the Hudso . the a exed district , as so uch the t m nu m ci y as lies above the Harle river is called , are a of ne w n out a dd ber parks which , whe fully laid , will g reat ly to the beauty o fthis part of the ci ty ; the Catholic ’ a t W n m Protectory estchester ; St . Joh s College , Fordha , n b n l ns tu n a n a ota le Catholic educatio a i ti tio , d Woodlaw n m C e etery . 253

W S AN D HW S OF C L —A ne w E T NORT E T ENTRA PARK . section of the o c ityhas bee n spri ngi ng up west o fCen tra l Park a nd on the narrow nor thern e nd of Ma n hattan l s l n n te n m b e a d duri g the last years . This pro ises to the most beautiful quarter for reside nces 0 11 Manh attan n n n m n Isla d , for the houses have bee built si ce oder ideas of u a nd n m n A S a bea ty ﬁt ess have co e i to vogue . result there are e ntire blocks where houses are built in architectural harmon y a nd mo noton ous rows ofbrow n n t o n stone or brick are ot be see here . This sectio n of t he city also has th e a dditional adva ntage of a n m of b l o ut u ber road , wel laid thoroughfares (see n Drivi g , p .

R S D - Ou n de of IVER I E PARK . this wester si the city is R n n bl u fi a iverside Park , which ru s alo g th e bove the river fro m Seven ty- second to One Hundred a nd Twen ty n n d t n ofn m i th street a is a ce early th ree iles , the average n 500 m n width bei g about feet . It is really little ore tha n a nd a broad ave ue laid out with a road , sidewalk bridle n 85 n R path , the slope to the New York Ce tral Hudso iver n in m un n track bei g a so ewhat wild , fi ish ed state . A striki ng feature of the Park are the beau tiful views o f it ff W E nd nu nn n the river which a ords . est ave e , ru i g parallel with it on the east is bei ng b uil t U p with hand m n a nd t so e reside ces , it is believed by real esta e experts that the future home o f fash io n will be on these two n it n n n h n ave ues , bei g the Opi io t at busi ess will drive n nt ou t f n fashio eve ually of Fi th ave ue . ’ — Gr a n t s T omb Near th e u pper part Of R iverside k t m of G n G n who Par is the o b e eral ra t , was buried u 8 188 5 n o f here A gust , , with the ho ors war , the pro cession bei ng the fi nest a nd th e crowd of people the greatest ever see n or gathered in N e w Y ork before the n W n n n n n nn l celebratio of the ashi gto I auguratio Ce te ia . m now n bu t mm ha v Th e to b is a plai vault , the co ittee ing in c harge the monument to G eneral Gran t have n n n n n a n chose a desig by Joh H . Du ca . This will be m n m m h n i posi g architectural e orial , avi g a square base 100x 100 feet at t he grou n d li ne a nd a h eight of 160 feet b a se n o in the li e . The lower part f the structure is to d a nd n be ofth e Doric or er the upper of th e Io ic . It is t o n b y m be crow ed a do e su pported by four arches , un m c u der which are galleries , fro whi h a superb view p 254

a nd o f n n n m a b e the river th e surrou di g cou try y h ad . The dome will be pyramidal a nd surmou nted bya group of a In r be st tuary . t he c ypt , which will of white n a nd l a nd ro gra ite , wil be reached by rear stairways p t e c te d m n n for of fro i trusio , are places the display n n a nd n n G nt ba ers , relics perso al souve irs Of ra . The is i n a n so m m crypt apse , that the e orial h all , which i m n m o n t ma u z the ai roo his ﬂoor , ybe tili ed for patri or n r i n n o f m a l n otic civic gatheri gs . Di ec tly fro t the n n be a n n u of G n e tra ce there is to equestria stat e ra t . The e ntire work will cost e nd ofR d a k m n At the iversi e P r is Clare o t Hill . The C m n nt h n lare o t , a restaura wit excel le t service , occu pies the former reside nce successively o fV iscou n t Courtenay n a nd of n B n h (Earl of Devo ) Joseph Bo aparte . etwee t e mb a nd m n o n b ff t ma r to Clare o t , right th e lu , is a li tle ‘ m n of a hild On n b e headstone arki g the grave c . accou t of i ts q uai nt ness it h as bee n allowed to re mai n there by u a nd m n n the city a thorities , it wil l for a touchi g co trast a n o f G n m n m n to the gr d structure the ra t o u e t . It “ bears the i nscriptio n : Erected to the memory of a n

. D 15 1 m . 797 a iable child , St Clare Pollock ied July , , n m in the 5 year of his age . A road desce ds fro th e

' k O ne n a nd n - en r f om Par to Hu dred Twe ty sev th st eet ,

ne n a nd n - ﬁ fth m n which O Hu dred Twe ty street , the ai thorough fare between th e easter n a nd western extremi t y n n u ofthe cit y at th is poi t , is reached . Betwee the pper o f R n a nd M n n part iverside ave ue or i gside Park , which e n m O ne und e a nd T e nth latt r ru s fro H r d street , at a poi nt a little west o fthe northwestern extremi ty O fC e n

One n a nd n - tral Park to Hu dred Twe ty third street , are on One Hu ndred a nd Twelfth street the site of the Old & W O n m n be Leake atts rpha Ho e , whose grou d is t o occupied bythe ne w Protestan t E piscopal Cathedral o f n n w ﬁ m st St . Joh the D ivi e , hich will probably be th e in t n a nd on church structure his cou try , spacious g rou nds bou nded by th e Boulevard a nd N e w A mster n n O ne n a nd n a nd da m (Te th ) ave ue , Hu dred Sixtee th n a nd n t m n O ne Hu dred Twe tie h streets , the Bloo i gdale m m n of N e w I nsane Asylu , whic h is a depart e t the York o f u of th e Hospital (p . A good view the pper part n ow t of h n city , which is here a arr s ri p hig grou d , m a n Hu n b n betwee n the Harle d dso rivers , is o tai ed by

236

m n A b n a w ce etery is what is kow as udu o P rk , here the n n t n d d nd disti guished or i hologist Audubo resi e , the grou s b n now o b n m n O ne ei g ccu pied yha dso e reside ces . At

un a nd - ﬁ r st n a m H dred Sixty street , overlooki g the H rle ' R old u me l m ns n W n n iver , is the J a io , which was ashi gto s n b of m headquarters duri g the attle Harle Heights . This m n n R M a sio was built by oger orris , wh o was struck with the beauty o f its situation on his freque nt rides to n w n Ma Yo kers , here he was courti g the beautiful ry M n a nd m n n Philipse , of Philipse a or, to th is a sio he h i n mm of 1 5 broug t her as h is bride the su er 7 8 . Her n m b n W n n m s he a e has ee associated with ashi gto , who in 1 56 m n n s ub i s said to have cap tivated 7 . The a sio seque ntly passed i nto th e hands of the celebrated M d m m n n w a a e Ju el , who , after havi g bee twice a wido , m n n 78 old arried Aaro Burr , the years . — n H ig h B r idg e . O the bold shores of the Harlem river betwee n One Hu ndred a nd Seve ntiet h a nd One H u n dred a nd Seventy - fourth streets is High Bridge in is m a nd Park , whic h th ere a s all reservoir , a good n nn h restaura t . The river is spa ed here by Hig Bridge , “ n o w overshadowed as a sight by the East R iver bu t one of th e f la ndsco e Bridge , stil l eatures of the p , l n m b n o ld a o g the Harle . It was uilt to co duct the

n A a . n Croto queduct cross the river It is feet lo g , a nd m of h n n of co posed t irtee arches , the crow the highest n 11 b n n bei g 6 feet a ove the river . Foot passe gers o ly n r b ﬁ ne o f w c a c oss the ridge . A feature the vie to the n Wa s hi n ton B r i d e h m orth is g g , whic crosses th e Harle

n a nd E - ﬁ r river at O e Hundred i g hty st street . It has two u b n o f 5 10 n t n s per ce tral arches feet spa , heir crow s b n 13 1 5 . 0 1 ei g feet above the river The side arches , four t he e nd a nd 0 11 ca st of n f west three the , are gra ite aced n n h d with pressed sto e . Just orthwest of Hig Bri ge betw ee n O ne H u ndred a nd Seve nty - third a nd One H un dred a nd Seve nty - ﬁ fth streets are the buildi ngs of the l A s lu m Juv eni e y . n of n n T his portio the city is called Washi gto Heights , a nd th e station on the New York Ce ntral Hudso n R R n n b ff R . iver . , which ru s alo g the foot of the lu , Fort W n n ashi gto . There were earthworks here which the mb 1 6 G in 77 . B riti sh captured Nove er , Fort eorge , w d its n m m here the cable road stops , erives a e fro a 257

h n R l n T redoubt which was ere duri g th e evo utio . he r n o n n n Innwood uppe e d f the isla d is k ow— as . B a ttle of H a r lem H e ig hts The Battle of H arlem 17 6 W n n m 1 7 . Heights was fought Septe ber 6, ash i gto , f L n n to N e w a ter the battle of o g Isla d , crossed over York a nd retreati ng to the u pper part of the islan d m his m n n ade headquarters at the Apthorpe a sio , wh ich stood at what is now the cor ner of Ni nety - fi rst street a nd n nu u n l 18 90 n n Ni th ave e , ti the fall of , whe it was tor d wn m fo r n n W a o to ake way the Ope i g ofthe street . sh i n ton b ut m a nd g was here a short ti e , i t is said that he ha d not left it t e n mi nutes to follow his retreati ng c ol u m n n W n n n before Howe a d his staff moved i . ashi gto n m M no w the ade h is headquarters at the orris house , n n m m n n k ow as th e Ju el a sio (see above). The British were thus i n possessio n o f what is now k now n as m n d H A me r ica ns int re nchi n m Bloo i g al e eights , the g the o n W n n o r m selves ashi gto Harle Heights , the battle , r b n n of of m howeve , always ei g spoke as the battle Harle t n v n m Heigh s . This elevatio was separated by a ra i e fro m n a nd Bloo i gdale Heights , alth ough this district i s all built up the depressio n alo ng the li ne of t he Old ravi ne is still clearly discern ible at One Hu ndred a nd Fifty seve nth street from the bridge o ver the Boulevard con ne ctin two n of n m g the wi g s Tri ity Ce etery . The morni ng o f September 16 W ash i ngton sent out me n n K n n w h - nn De Colo el owlto it to reco oitre . n n n h sce di g a ravi e , which led to the river th roug what no w b n K n n o is Audu o Park , owlto foll wed th e shore at the foot of th e bl uff to a poi nt no t far from the locatio n ’ o fG n m a nd m u ra t s to b . H e h is soldiers here cli bed p ff a nd m n l su n n the blu ca e sudde y , j ust as the was risi g , n n o f B n u n u po the left fla k the ritish va guard , der G n n e eral Leslie . The British rushed to attack the ha d fu l m n K n o n n m of A erica s . owlt , waiti g till they c a e n n n a n withi six rods , poured a telli g fire i to their r ks .

n n ou - ﬂa nke m , t d After eight rou ds , feari g that h e igh t be a nd n d a nd in surrou de , he retreated slowly good order n b ff n n dow the lu , retraci g h is steps alo g the shore for

b a nd one - m n n m a out two half iles , the , havi g cli bed the of n b a nd s n n for west slope the ravi e , faced a out , , e di g n m n n d n 300 rei force e ts, stood his grou . Leslie , leavi g me n in m h on t he n 100 me n on a bus river fro t , led of his 258 to the edge of Bloomi ngdale Heights on the south S ide of n W n n d M the ravi e . ashi gto ordere ajor Leitch with h is V n r ifl e me n n K n n a nd n irgi ia to joi owlto to e deavor , f n m n R i n a o . with Colo el eid , to get the re r the e e y n m h ndf of m n The British , seei g a ere a ul A erica s , r ushed dow n the slope of the ravi ne to a fence near a n m of little rivulet , which purled alo g the botto the n H n m n ravi e towards the udso . T he A erica s charged m a nd t m m b the , af er a sharp skir ish drove the ack . By a n k in n k error , the British reserves were at tac ed the fla n of in a n d a n no w One i stead the rear , at poi t which is Hundred a nd F ifty - third street in the Boulevard K n n n a d L . owlto was killed , eitch also fell The A merican s were t hen rei nforced a n d drove the British h n now throug the woods i to a buckwheat field . It was n n n a n d a nd f m n early oo , Howe his of icers at Bloo i gdale , n n in n of m H e 1 hts heari g the firi g t he directio Harle g , ’ a nd becomi ng u neasy for the safety of Leslie s c om m n n m n a nd n a d , se t so e picked Highla ders Hessia

r on - k f him h m n t oops the double quic a ter . T is attach e t n nd m 11 to n n Ge n. G a e cou tered ree e , fro the battle raged over territory extending from Ma nha tta nv ille or One Hu ndred a nd Thirty - fi fth stre et to about One H u n d a nd —fi th n of red Fifty f street . The fiercest co flict the day was waged on the ground now occupied by Trin ity m n n n Ce etery . The British were fi ally drive dow Break l n b R n k of o d K . ec H ill , a part the i gs ridge oad There were about American s to picked British a nd n a nd n ot n Hessia troops , th e result of the battle o ly gave W ashi ngton a n opportu nity to withdraw his forces w m n n ithout further olestatio , but also i spired his troops , who had fou nd themselves able to cope successfully with ’ mm n w ne w a nd the flower Of Howe s co a d , it h courage , did muc h to efface the demoralizi ng i nflue nce of the de t n n d d m fea ou Lo g Isla d . The above is a opte fro sev eral greatly varyi ng amou nts of the battle of Harlem

Heights .

260

t io n o fthe wards the rules of the United States Military ll os ita l l n nu of n n p prevai . The a al cost the i stitutio to b t the city is —a ou M or g u e In th e Bellevue Hospital grou nds are the ’ City s D e ad- House a nd Morgue two of the ghastly sights o f N e w In - b York . the Dead House the odies are clea nsed a nd otherwise re ndered a s sightly as possible b n i n M In efore bei g exposed the orgue . the latter , h low one - n ou whic is a story buildi g , the corpses are laid t in a n al most n ude state on a r o w of marble slabs upon h of n n whic jets water co sta tly play . Bodies remai ni ng unclai med after seventy- two hours i n t he C m are buried ity Ce etery . Clothes exhi bited a nd not n d one thirty days , if ide tiﬁe , preserved year . of h n mb Photographs the corpse , wit the registered u er of the grave , also kept . ' — ’ B la ckwell s I sla nd Blackwell s Island was bough t by V a n Duthh n G n in 163 Twiller , a Colo ial over or , 7 . He w It b n a n stocked it ith cattle . su seque tly p ssed i to the n M n n n n m n possessio of Capt . a i g, who so ig o i iously n n n surre dered New York to the Dutch . After havi g bee n publicly disgraced h e retired to this isla d , whic h he n u n d M who subseque tly settled po h is aughter ary , m R B la ckwe l l from m n m arried obert , who it derives its a e . ’ m n on n The ost southerly buildi g Blackwell s Isla d , a

n u m m - o x gra ite str cture , for erly the s all p hospital , is the n for m n of C reside ce the fe ale urses the harity Hospital . to n n m n Next it is the Lau dry , where work is do e by wo e

m W - T he n n fro the ork House . two woode buildi gs j ust u h n so th of t e Hospital are pavilio s for epileptics . The Cha r i tyH ospi ta l itself is a 4 - story granite buildi ng ex n n t he n w n 500 te di g across isla d , ith a fro tage of about feet on each branch ofthe East river . It has a c apacity of b n of 125 n n a nd eds , e gages the services atte da ts, the average daily number of patie nts is Last n r h a nd year about patie ts were eceived ere ,

e 564 a nd 376 . discharged . There wer deaths births The most i nteresti ng department for visitors is the baby w 0 11 n in ard the ﬁrst ﬂoor . Every thi g here as the other a n S n a nd ff m wards is spick d pa , every e ort is ade h ossible C on to keep the little o nes as appy as . ne cte d wit h the Hospital is a trai ning- SC 001 for fe male n b a nd m b mis urses , a li rary , roo s for various charita le 26 1

sions whic h seek to ameliorate the moral co ndition of the n m n patie ts . The edical service of the Hospital is u der the charge o f a Chief of Staff with some 24 house n a nd n wh o m m physicia s assista ts , also perfor edical n n o n service at the other i stitutio s n the isla d . The house st a ff of 8 physicians a nd surgeon s reside in the a nd n f m n n Hospital , are appoi ted a ter a rigorous exa i atio m of 18 m n for a ter o ths . of P enitenti a r North the Charity Hospital is the y, n n m n n wh ich is also the Cou ty priso for wo e , there bei g n o women i n th e various State prisons ; ea ch county be ing by la w compelled to take care of its o wn female m n n n 600 n cri i als . This is a gra ite buildi g , feet lo g , n n n 750 n in n m of co tai i g cells arra ged tiers . The u ber n da priso ers averages about a y, the total for last n o f 396 m n year bei g which were wo e . A card ’ o f n m n m d with a record each priso er s cri e , a e , age , ate n n a nd m of n n a nd n of co victio arrival , ter se te ce religio of m is attached to th e outside the cell . The best ti e to ’ n 12 n the a t nn see th e priso ers is at o clock , whe yare di er , a nd m m n n S n well guarded co pelled to ai tai absolute ile ce . n n m It is also i teresti g to watch the at work . They are m l w n n co pe led to follo various trades , such as carpe teri g a nd n a nd m n of n tailori g , they also do a large a ou t sto e n b n on n cutti g , there ei g several quarries the isla d , the n for b ' m m gra ite the large uildi ng s havi ng co e from the . The co nvict labor law does not t ouch the Pe nite ntiary because a ll the work ' here is done for the departm ent

50 m 1 10 - m a nd itself . There are blacks iths , shoe akers broom- makers a nd tailors ; about 70 carpe nters a nd n 2 3 35 n m a nd umb pai ters , or upholsterers , ti s iths pl ers ,

20 n - - M of clothi g c utters a nd about 120sto ne cutters . ost the wome n are e mployed in sewi ng or chamber work i n m n n n the fe ale priso . Besides this , th e Pe ite tiary fur n a ll u n b m n ishes the skilled la or for the depart e t . The M i su m of m M to . . 7 . n hours work are fro A . P me r a nd M in n In me n P . . wi ter . the quarry the n a nd in of e are u der a heavy guard , case foggy w ather the r e m a nd n in yia assed together surrou ded , order to t o prevent their escape by th e river . They proceed or f m - ro their work by the lock step . m n on n n n n The c ri i al , e teri g the Pe ite tiary , is ﬁrst en o t e a r e e e h ed a nd ha s his tak t h b b r shop, Wh r he is s a v 262

h b d a nd m ai r cut , is ath e , weigh ed easured . has his de n n d d in a nd n scri ptio ote , is ressed a striped suit assig ed

t o a re n - n work . There good bathi g houses alo g th e river f n n ma in mm ro t which the priso ers yuse su er . Books ma n m the a m ybe take fro l ibrary for two weeks t a ti e . Priso ners are allowed to receive v isitors a nd write a let n in 0 11 t he n ter o ce four weeks . Besides the guards isla d

- b t n n l n there are guard oa s co sta t y patrolli g the river . Nort h of the Pe nitentiary is the Pen i te ntiary farm a nd n of n n n the dwelli g the Superi te de t . The quarry is at n n n the head of the Pe ite tiary grou ds . A lms H ouse n The is ext above these . Attached to it l for f m old m is a hospita e ales . The Blackwell ho estead b W n In m of is occupied ythe arde . ild weather the rows be nches u nder the shady trees are occupied bypoor old me n a nd m n n o n nd wo e . Co spicuous these grou s is the

n . h of G Protesta t E piscopal C apel the ood Shepherd , erected in 1888 by George Bliss as a me morial of his I n m n of l n wife . the base e t the chape is a large readi g room; A R oman Catholic missio n is also mai ntai ned at m a nd the Al s House , various guilds do good work here . A bove t he Al ms House a r e the Fire E ngi ne House a nd

a s - W or k H ouse be ond is th e G works . The y rather a dis ag reeable place to visit ; its i n mates u sually belo ngi ng to n n d n t of m the class k ow as ru ks , the lowes order cri i na ls — m nd of the very scu a refuse a great city . The total ad mission s for last year were of n B e whom were males a d were females . n m nsa n A s lum yo d here is the fe ale I e y . ’ l Va rd s I sla nd 18 more attra ctive looki ng than Black ’ b ut not n n n n well s , as i teresti g to the visitor . It co tai s m 200 a nd m of not b so e ac res , so uch it as is occupied y n u m n of u b uildi gs is well laid o t . The Depart e t P blic Ch a rities a nd Correctio n ha s charge here of the Male n n m a nd m I n I sa e Asylu a Ho eopathic Hospital . The sane Asylum is a n imposi ng structure o f bric k tri mmed h n n of wa r wit gray sto e . I valid soldiers the civil who nlisted i n city regi me nts are provided for in a pleasant om on i n i e this sla d . J ’ ’ R a nda ll s I sla nd m W r n , separated fro a d s Isla d by H G m W Little ell ate , a nd divided fro the estchester e mo u o f shore by the Ha rlem K ills , li s in the th the em i r t o miss ne r i Ha rl r ve . Under he C m io s of Publ c

E R XIII CHAPT .

E N VIR ON S .

The most attractive tours in the v ici nity of New York of L on I sla nd a nd Jer se oa st are those the g yC resorts , a nd o f H dson R a ve r Gr ee nwood L a k N e w the u . e ( York a nd G n R in N e w ree wood Lake . partly York State a nd i n N e w a nd L a ke H o a /e on partly Jersey , p g (Del nn W i t he n R R . n a nd aware , Lackawa a ester . ) Highl s N e w n Dela w r of Jersey are also worth visi ti g . The a e Wa ter Ga n ot n W n p , though properly speaki g ithi the n n of be m n n a s e viro s New York . should also e tio ed , i t b nn W c a n e n R . R reached (Delaware , Lackawa a ester . ferries from Christopher a nd Barclay streets) i n about three a nd a half hours a n d is o ne of the grandest pas o f n in Un d sages sce ery the ite States . LON G l s LAN D — n n 1 5 m n v . 1 a e ra Lo g Isla d is iles lo g , g in 12 m in mm on g iles width . The su er resorts are the n or nd n m ocea south shore . A sa y barrier exte ds so e dista nce ou t from the m ai n shore nearly the whole le ngth o fthe island a nd the ocean pe netrati ng it through na r n f m v ﬁ ne b of row i lets has or ed se eral ays , the largest i s which the Great South Bay . LYN — l n in BROOK Brook y , the third largest city the Un ited States in poi nt of populatio n (over a nd the fourth largest in manufacturi ng a nd commercial

n on n n Y . i terests , is Lo g Isla d , o pposite New ork To strangers the poi n t ofgreatest attra ctio n in Brooklyn is t he Un d on of ited States Navy Yar , the south shore W a lla bou t m Bay , best reached by elevated railroad fro R d of s the East iver Bri ge . The area the Navy Yard i m 144 n of . d acres , with a water fro t over a ile Th e Yar

45 n . pro per , acres , is i closed by a high wall Two dry one 286 f n 35 W m docks , eet lo g by feet ide at the botto , a n b 98 t o a nd 36 the d 307 y feet at the p feet deep , other n 2 10 d n of 465 fe et lo g by wide , the latter for the ocki g n S s Un a re th e moder war hip of the ited States Navy , a mong the gue st conspi cuo us fea ture s of the Ya rd.

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Perhaps e ven more interesti ng than these are the m n o ne e of a re a oder war vessels , or sev ral which usu lly a nd n w n u moored here , also the vessels upo hich co str e n in Un a m tio is progress . The ited States Nav l Lyceu , n in 18 33 a n n b fou ded , has besides exte sive li rary , col lectio ns of curiosities gathered duri ng cruises i n foreign a nd ﬁ ne a nd m n b n seas, . geological i eralogical ca i ets . The 21 well kept acres surrou ndi ng the Naval Hospital of Y form a prett y feature the ard . P r os e ct P a r k on n in p , situated high grou d th e south n n mm nd v w of wester part of Brookly , co a s a superb ie U a nd A n b o th the pper Lower Bays to the tla tic Ocean . I t is best reached by the Flatbush ave nue cars from Ful A n n ofthe c a n b e ha d b t on ferry . excelle t idea Park y n t he 25 n n taki g Park carriages ( ce ts). which co vey the t n of visitor to the highes poi t t he Park , Lookout Car m w ﬁ w r ia e n ne . g Co course , fro hic h a vie is to be had n 2 10 The Ocea Parkway , a superb t horoughfare feet d m a n m wi e , leads fro P rospect P rk to the ocea , six iles n A t n n n dista t . the pri cipal e tra ce to th e Park , the z on n m m the Pla a Flatbush ave ue , is a e orial arch to soldiers a nd sailors o t t he Civil W a r a nd a statue of n n Li col . r een wood C emeter l on G y, superb y located a height n N e w b a b overlooki g York Har or , is re ched yelevated railroad from the Brookly n termi nus of the Eas t R iver d Bri ge . C oneyI sla nd is the great seaside excursio n resort for the populace of New York a nd Brookl yn a nd their sub b h of n n n ur s , t ough the westerl y part the Isla d , k ow as Brighton Beac h a nd Manhattan Beach are more ex W n W n n elusive . At est Brighto . here two iro piers exte d f n n n n ot n n n eet i to the ocea , affordi g o ly a la di g f n m C o b o . m for the oats the Iro Stea boat , but also aeco oda tions n b a nd m n m for restaura ts , ath houses pro e ades , ’ ’ V a nde r v ee r s a nd W n are Cable s , the est Brighto hotels , m n n mm where good , yet co paratively i expe sive acco oda n ma n in f m t io s ybe had ; the Elepha t Hotel . built the or of m mm m a n 300 a a oth pachyder ; observatory feet high , commandi ng a su perb view ; a nd u ntold n umbers o f k n n a nd o f s mall sh ows of all i ds , eati g houses , resorts n m varied character . The Ocea Parkway , fro Prospect n n m e e o th o Park , Brookly , e ds at the ore ast rl y f e tw 266

n n l m W iro piers . The Co course eads fro est Brighto n to n w h Brighto Beach , here t ere is a spacious hotel , with n n m a nd z z y n it M n large di i g roo s pia as . Be o d is a hattan h n n Beach , which , wit its adj u ct , the Orie tal Hotel , f m m on n M or s the ost exclusive resort the Isla d . usic n n 2 a nd M Ad every day duri g the seaso at P . . n 10 n a nd 25 n missio ce ts ce ts . Fireworks every night ; dm n 50 n n a issio , with reserved seat , ce ts . Stra gers de siring to see Co ney Isla nd u nder the most favorable cir c umsta nce s n , are advised to stop either at the M a hatta n o r n a nd m d f om Orie tal , ake etours r there . — R ocka wa yB ea ch Ma nhattan Beach is connected by f 10 n t R n t a erry , ce ts , wi h ockaway Beach , a other grea n n d n t exc ursio resort . which a stra ger esiri g to s udy the of will fi nd n t n characteristics the populace i eresti g . It is reached from New York by the Long Isla nd R ailroa d ' ‘ I hirt - f n 50 n s a nd b ( y ourth street ferry), rou d trip ce t , y mb n R k a r e stea oa ts (p. The sce e at oc away Be ch mb t o n l n of C n n se les tha the po pu ar portio o ey Isla d . h — R 4 m m L on B ea c . 2 g East of ockaway Beach , iles fro n n a nd New York , i s Lo g Beach , reached by the Lo g Isl a is on e of on n R ailroad . The be ch here the best Lo g n for n a nd n a Isla d , surf bathi g there are boati g , y cht n n i n m n i ng a d fishi g He pstead Bay . The Lo g Beach l a nd n a Hotel is arge well co ducted . A railw y leads to Poi nt Lookout at the extreme easter n e nd of Lo ng m m n 4 . a t Beach , % iles fro th e hotel There are Poi t a nd n m b r of Lookout a good hotel a u e cottages . — b n h B a b lon a nd F er e I s la nd. on t e y Ba ylo , which lies m n n th e G a t a ff d n fi sh ai la d of re t Sou h Bay , or s excelle t i n n a nd b n a nd a n l n t t in g , bath i g oati g , has excel e ho el

m B a b l o n I . the Argyle . Ac ross the bay fro v is Fire n lon n o f n m b la d , a g , arrow stri p sa d , reached fro Ba y ' m ﬁ ne n a nd in th e lo b . n ystea er There are surf bathi g , n bay still water bathi ng ; a nd excelle nt blue ﬁshi g . The

- rf . Su House is a large . well kept hotel Y * w J ERS E COA S T . Those Jersey Coast resorts hich ma ybe properly classed as amo ng the e n viro ns of N e w — — York say to Elberon are reached by the Jersey Souther n route (boat from foot R ector street to Sandy

* o De ta .iled ac c unts o f t h e J e rseyC oast re sorts from S andy Hook t o A tlanti c City a nd o f Lake wo o d will b e fou nd in ’ ” K o bbé s J e rseyCoa st a nd Pi ne s .

268

a nd h n - a nd a stage for private theatricals , a owli g alley a b - m illiard roo . L ong B r a nch is ofte n s poke n of as the Brighto n m d n m f m n of A erica . It erives i ts a e ro the adjace t b n It n n t o ra ch of the Shrewsbury river . is k ow have n i n 1 34 m n n n n d n bee 7 a ca pi g grou d of the Cra berry I ia s . In 1753 a con fere nce was held at Crosswicks between t he I ndian s a nd four settlers from R hode Isla nd to arrange for th e purchase by th e latter of a portio n of the State now n n n f m which i cludes Lo g Bra ch . A ter uc h palaver , it was agreed that the ys ho uld be allowed to b u yas much lan d as a ma n could walk arou nd i n a day if o ne o f the m w a n n a n m n in w n m could thro I di cha pio a restli g atch . n m ma n a nd n Joh Slocu , a of large size athletic stre gth , m n n was the white cha pio . After a lo g struggle he threw ma n his .

n n of - - m s The Lo g Bra ch to day is a sea shore cos o poli . The features which attract the vast summer thro ng to it b b m n if not m f m m pro a ly repel as a y , ore , ro it , a circu sta nce to which the majority o fthe more rational resorts on b o we n n the coast dou tless their origi . The leadi g characteristics o f Long Bran ch ma ybe descri bed in o ne n n : It nu me 1 ous i a nd se te ce supports ” hotels , chu ches a sy nagogue ; the tiger has two superblya ppoi nted un l in one of o ne ma n i s n n t o j g es , which at least k ow f o f n n 25 000 fo1 v 01 a c iou s have le t a si bgle ig ht $ , th e ’ an i mal to pa w over and devour ; it is fashio nable in the sense i n which the word is u sed bythose who fondly i magi ne that lavish display ofwealth is evide nce of high n social positio . n in n n m Yet , as there are isla ds a rushi g, roari g strea . so there are some spots i n Lo ng Bra nc h where the noisy n not n m n thro g have i truded . Besides a y private cot ﬁ ne a nd n of tages there are the hotel , cottages grou ds n a W E nd n s m n Hollywood , e r the est statio , a ettle e t n f n 1 o ne m n m n a nd n n withi itsel , u de a age e t i cludi g a huge bathi ng pa v ilion shut i n byhigh walls fi om the gaz e ofthe ig nobile v ulg us a nd fo1 th e use of th e H olly n A nothe 1 n W wood guests o ly . pavilio is that of the est

E n ﬁ rs t - b m n d . Hotel , a class esta lish e t Ocean ave nue toward ev en i ng is probabl ythe liveliest h f i n U n d one c a n t orough are the ite States . Here see — al most every ki nd of vehicle stages crowded wit h ex 269

c ur sionists n f n m , buggies draw by swi t roadsters , ta de s ,

- - - m n of t m a f in n T . our ha ds , carts , etc , a y he perfectly p n a nd n n i n own r e r e poi ted each i teresti g its way , as p senti ng o ne of the many types of people to be fou nd at this resort . A short d istance from Lo ng Branch is the JlI onmou th

P a r k - race track (p . E lber on n n n of n n on the , a co ti uatio Lo g Bra ch south , is on e of t he mos t complete a nd elegan t resorts on the r m the m n a nd Je sey coast , with uch sa e refi ed exclusive nm b n characteristics as Mo outh Beach . The El ero Casi n o was i ncorporated in 1882 with a capital of a nd the comp a n y also erected t he a dml ra ble hotel called t h f m 4 u A m n nd m e Elbero n ( ro $ pward). o g the ha so e d n of the n n resi e ces this place is Fra ckly cottage , ren dered famou s as the refuge to which Presiden t Ga r d a nd n his n fiel was broug ht , where he was lulled i to fi al ’ i nu rmu r o f G n G n m sleep by th e the sea . e eral ra t s for er m n summer ho e is also at Elbero . Among the resorts south of Elbero n are A s buryP a r k a nd Ocea n Gr ov e o l mm n , two p pu ou s su eri g places , d m n the M largely o i ated by ethodist Episcopal Church , m m n d r n ca p eeti gs a n other reli”gious exe cises bei g a f f f G e ir t u u o . S a eat re li e at t he rove g , still f rther one o f m r n a n d f t south , is the ost efi ed delight ul resor s o n u n n z b th e coast , the Beach Ho se be i g patro i ed ya n m of n N w k a nd fa m u ber refi ed e Yor Philadelphia ilies . From Long Branch to the south there ru ns back ofthe coast a section of New Jersey which is thickly wooded w n L a kewood h b n of ith pi es . , reac ed yfast trai s the n R R of of i Ce tral . . New Jersey , foot L bertystreet , is m n n re in m f L a char i g wi ter sort this bal y orest . ( aurel a nd a H ouse Hotel L kewood . ) S R —F or n t is no t H UD ON IVER . atural beauty here rip o ut of New York Ci ty comparable wi t h a tour of the mb a n Hudson R iver by stea o t . The boats of the Alba y n f of V a t M Day Li e leave the oot estry street A . . ,

a nd of W n - n M foot est Twe ty seco d street at 9 A . due a t n M o f n b n n Alba y at 6 P . . Boats this li e leave Al a yi m n n a nd k m n n a the or i g , it is possible to ta e the or i g bo t f m Y Wes t P oint ma ro New ork to , which yproperly be considered the extreme northern li mit of th e en virons of a nd n New York as covered by this book , retur by a boat 270

the m l n in f n n R n 1 of sa e i e the a ter oo . ou d tri p, $ . Othe r boats bywhic h the tri p u p the Hudso n ca n be m l n n ade , but without the faci ity for retur i g to New m : JlI a r P owell n York the sa e day , are y , co sidered the f m in n n swi test stea boat the world , e teri g the High n ou t he u b n w n t he la ds tri p p the river a out su set , he scene along this beautiful stretch of the Hudso n is most n n n n t of n i spi ri g . The Alba y ight boats leave foo Ca al M t 6 . . a nd n of stree at P , the Troy ight boats foot Ch ris to h r M e 6 . . n 1 n n p a t P , both arrivi g at the r desti atio s at ' 6 n m n fm n 2 o . o clock the ext or i g ; fare $ , exclusive eals

(See , also , p . R ailroads which afford gli mpses of th e most beautiful poi nts o n the river are the New York Cen tral a nd Hud son R R R n n n a nd . e iver . alo g the ast ba k to Alba y , the N e w W a nd u R R on York , est Shore B ffalo . . the west shore to Alban y (p — T he T r ip byS tea mboa t Before th e e nd ofthe Island M n n in of a hatta is reached , the Palisades rise sheer ’ tsce nt of300 f m b n to a heigh t feet ro the river s west a k , formi ng a columnar trap - rock pre ci pice of u nique n 20 m in n old R n gra deur iles le gth . The evolutio ary f n F or t L ee on of ortificatio , , was the brow the Palisades n n W n n at a poi t about Opposite the prese t Fort ashi gto . (One Hundred a nd Eighty - fi r st to One Hu ndred a nd Eighty - fi fth stree ts) where the R evol utio nary fort of n m n n that a e stood . There are large excursio grou ds at n m n Fort Lee . Spuyte Duyvil Creek co es i to the river nd of a n M n n n m at the e the Isl d of a hatta . Fiftee iles m on Jil l t Vi ncen t S . fro New York , the east shore , lies . , the site of the co n ve nt in charge o f the Ladies of the T wo m u t he e 0 11 Sacred Heart . iles further p riv r , the m Y onker s a nd m y n sa e shore is the city of , five iles be o d

Hobbs F er r P i er mon t n - t wo m this , y. At , twe ty iles up n r n ou t a nd m the wester shore , the rive wide s assu es a - n a nd n n n lake like appeara ce , is locally k ow as Tappa h o f te n m m d Zee , a reac iles by four iles at its wi est n W n n T a a n poi t . ashi gto had h is h eadquarters at pp , b m of m n a nd M r a out th ree iles southwest Pier o t , here ajo

n é m n a nd b 2 178 0. A dr was i priso ed executed Octo er , ’ n a nd A ndre s The headquarters still sta ds, the si te where n o ut O n executio took place is also poi nted . the east ’ n m b shore of Tappa Zee , four iles above Do bs Ferry, is

272

is M C m wh th e site of the State ilitia a p , ich is located ’ o n n n n n o n what is k ow as A tho y s Nose , a sh rt dista ce ’ n In - be d n a C a ldwell s L a nd above the tow . the river , e r i n of n b M n n g , at the foot Du der erg ou tai , opposite n K i t Peekskill , Captai idd is supposed to h ave bur ed par of a nd for n m m his treasu—re , search it has bee ade fro ti me to time once bya regul a rly organ i zed company w n nd Moun . ta in on ith exte sive apparatus Du erberg , the ’ w a nd n h n on m est shore , A t o y s Nose , the east , for the n o f n m souther gates the Highla ds , th e ost beautiful of l n n n passage the r iver . The little is a d lyi g ear the n n n n n c n b e tra ce is Io a Isla d , a pic i grou d . Just a ove ’ n n S u a r L oa M ou n ta i n 865 A tho y s Nose is g f , ( feet), so m u a wa s f called fro its pec liar sh pe . I t while break ast i n R b n n in n g with Col . Beverly o i so a house still sta d i ng at th e foot of Sugar Loaf Mou ntai n that A rnold re ’ c e iv e d n o f n a nd Vu l the ews A dre s arrest , ﬂed to the tu r e n n B u t , a British vessel a chored dow the river . A t te r mi lk F a lls on 1 n of , t e west ba k , a series cascades comi ng down from a n elevation of 100 feet i nto the ’ n n a n d b ut d n river , is Cra sto s Hotel , a short ista ce above West P oin t W n r r i ons Ga s . it , . O pposite est Poi t is Those who desire to conti nue th e trip through th e Highlands to N ewbu rg h will ﬁ nd on the west b a nk the superb head l n o f f R dm n a d Crow Nest eet) where J . o a Drake “ l n o f a nd tor m aid the sce e his Cul prit Fay , above it the S K i C old S r in b G n ng feet). p g , a ove arriso s , rests u n n N n on po the slope of Mou t Taurus . estli g the n orthern slope of the Storm K i ng is the pretty v ill a ge Cor nwa ll n a nd b N ew Wi ndsor of . Betwee it New urgh is , a nd F i sh ill L a ndi n N ewbur h Opposite Newburgh k g . g is not n n n W n as i teresti g a place for a soj our as est Poi t , ’ but t he visitor ca n while away a n hour at W ashi ngton s ol n m n 1 n of n headquarters , the d sto e a s o south the tow b in 1750 w n 23 1783 the R na uilt , here , Ju e , , evolutio ry m n n h ar y was disba ded . The State , which ow s the ouse , in n of R na has gathered it a collectio evolutio ry relics . The grou nds about the house command a view of the b n n n super e tra ce to the Hi g hla ds . West P oint —At W n Un Mil . est Poi t is the ited States ita r m b n n u n yAcade y , whose uildi gs sta d po a beautiful u of w 157 platea at th e foot Cro Nest , feet above the n m n n out of river . T he road leadi g fro the la di g is cut 273

c liﬁ of l m n u the so id rock . A o g the b ildings are the ’ m n of n Cadets Barracks , the Acade ic Buildi g , both sto e ,

n n n - m b a n m the latter co tai i g class roo s , la oratories d g y h la m t he M a nd M m as s ; ess Hall , the Chapel , the useu n n a nd T he low n o of Ord a c e Trophies . buildi g n the b w r y R n f terrace elo the lib ar is the idi g Hall . Beauti ul w o f t he mm n m W n vie s river are co a ded fro est Poi t . m m n ore es pecially , however , fro Trophy Poi t to the n h n m m nn n orth , whic derives its a e fro the c aptured ca o be n n to see there . Here is also a portio of the chai n whic h the A merican s stretched across th e Hudson in 1778 to preven t the passage of Bri t ish vessels up the A t C n n o n n n river . Fort li to , the ortheast a gle of the m n m n o K osc1u sko plateau , is a o u e t t , which the cadets

1828 . n W e e t erected Flirtatio alk , wher every cad is m n supposed to lose h is heart ore or less freque tly , is a pat h alo ng the bank of t he river sheltered from vie w by a nd b On n a nz t rees shru bery . the parade grou d is bro e

of M - G n l statue ajor e era Sedgwick , killed at the battle of S ott s lv a nia M a 9 1 64 a n a n 8 d . p y , y , , obelisk to Lieut C ol W m . of ood , who was killed at the head a sortie fro C n in 18 14 I n m m n Fort Erie , a ada , . the ce etery are , a o g ’ n m n m n M n m n other otable o u e ts , the Cadets o u e t , a mn m n a n u r n a nd castellated colu sur ou ted by trophy , a nd a massive sarcophagus be neat h wh ich rest the r e m a n Of Ge n W n m . o t i s i ﬁeld Sc tt . The bes ti e to visit W n n n — a nd m est Poi t is duri g J u e , July August , but ore especially at the ti me when the exercises a nd drills pre n n u paratory to graduatio are taki g place . These sually in n N W n 600 occur Ju e . ear est Poi t , feet above the on M n n n n n R e v river , ou t I depe de ce , are the rui s of the olutiona r F n m m v w y ort Put a , fro which a superb ie is nt n had . The West Poi Hotel a day) is at the orth ’ of the plateau a nd C ra nston s Hotel a day) t he mm n o f n t n n acco odatio s which are u excep io able , is ear e nough to e nable its guests to enjoy a ll the varied sights W n of est Poi t . ’ S L * — a i lor s S nu H a r bor : a n STAT EN I AND . S g This is i nstitution with a n ann ual i ncome of about 0 11 n n situated the n orth shore of State Isla d . It is m of a t o reached by ferry fro foot Whiteh ll street St .

’ * d sc n of S se e ob é s en For e riptio ta ten Isla nd. K b Sta t Island . 274

’ George a nd the nce by trai n to S a ilors S nug Harbor sta n F 10 n m 30min f m N e w tio . ( are ce ts ; ti e . ro York . ) To t he b of n n m Har or sailors every atio ality are ad i tted , the o nly requireme nt for ad mission bei ng t hat they have had ’ ﬁ ve e n t a nd a nd a y ars sea service u der the S ars Stri pes ,

n b o f - n m are i capa le self support . Here are bli d sailors , la e w m a nd sailors , sailors without legs , sailors ithout ar s , s a ilors physically a nd me ntally so und but perhaps too o ld n r ofa ma n l 1fe to sta d the ex posu e ri er s . They have n n n u n b a nd o ne everythi g they eed , i cl di g to acco , of the f m n m n 0 11 or s of pu ish e t is to deprive Jack of his pi pe . all secular days the vi s i tor is welcomed a n d i n mates of n n a s u a n the i stitutio are very glad to act g ides , for n l h t he r nd a nd bu l ldi n s optio a fee . throug g ou s g . L L —A n n in n G EN I S AND . popular excursio grou d Lo g n N e w b m n n R . R a Isla d Sou d , ear ochelle eached yste b m n n m n in oats aki g ma y trips daily . See advertise e ts n ewspapers .

276

P AGE

B or e c l B ildi ng . 116 —u o e Houst onG1 a nd h mS u —3d 144 B w ry , , Chat a q are ave — P t — n Bowli ng Gt e e n S outh e ry A ll li e s . 8 4 ’ — — Bren tano s Fourte e nth stre e t 6t h a nd 3d ave s 166 Broad stre e t 109 B r oadway 14 — — Pl ~ t h h l a ce 6 9t . . Broad way No . Battery aves 85 W ashi ng ton at 86 n d c n d . Be e i t Ar ol a t . 86 n m Put a at . 86

B klyn . 18 264 roo — , B 1 ooklvn B 1 1dg e - CityHa ll 2d a nd 3d aves 138 Bryan t Park 183 B 1 e m n n o b k n a nd C h i is to he t S t i e ct F e 1 1 ie s 23 25 e Li e (see H o e p ), , t e C a b a nd Coach F a s . 3 4

Cable Rates . 53

Calumet Cl ub . . 180 n S e e 50 C l t t 148 , 1 a a r — — C stl G d n S o t F y ll li ne s 77 a e ar e u h err A — C a th a t ine S t1 e t F e y C t m S q 2d a nd 3d e s 32 — e rr ha ha uare av C a t h e d 1 a l P 1 ot e st a nt E pisc opal 255 m 189 Ro an Catholi c . A in 191 ltars . W i ndows in 193 Central Park n n — — h n th e E c 59th . 3d 6t a d 9 Low r tra e st , , aves . n E n n E — h — e S d i t d . c 8 . 3 Ce tral tra , ast i e st ave n En a n W e — l s — C t l t c , st S id S t s t . 6th . e ra r —e e a—ve U En nc e l o6th s t - e h th 3d v : 116t s t . 6 . pp er tra . a ave n P rk me n e Ce tral a A part t Hous s . n f N —C or t l n t — h n 9 s l R . . o J a d 6t a d th e Ce tra R . av Ce ntur yCompany C e sno la Coll e c ti o n C hamber o fC ommerc e Charity Chatham S q ua 1 e ’ i i e n L ne l i o h e t — — i 9th . 8 m C t z s i C n s t p st . ave ; th st ave Cherrystre et Chi c ke ring Hall C hi natown — — h h S F e r 9th s t . t a v e C ristopher treet ry ave . ; 8 th 6

Chop House s .

— — - k 1h v n h . s . l W e 9t CityHall 2d 85 3d a v ; Par P 6 a . ; arr av i P k 127 13 1 C tyHal l ar ,

P k b e o . CityHall ar , Li rtyB ys at Cl a remon t e k Cl opatra s Nee dle (see Obelis . ) Cl u bs “ Colleg es — h s —6th 9th Colleg e of Physcia ns a nd S urg eons 59t t . aves — —3d a v e 2d 99th st . P n 92d st . Colleg e oi t Ferry , ave

e D c ch 12 1 18 1. 18 6 Coll g iate ut h Chur , Colore d Orphan A sylum 255 — h — — e 186 o 6 h . 4 h . 3d a v Columbia C lleg e 5ot st . t ave 7t st o mme C rc e .

C o nc erts . 277

GE — P A Convent S ac re d Heart 125th s t 3d a nd 6th aves . 2 t r i k o n me n 126 C ke G g e F e de c , t t oo , eor — M u o — - 3d 1 9 h . 5 C e Un i n 8 th st 6th a v e . ; t st 7 oop r o — — ave Cotton Exc hang e Hanove r squa 1 e 2nd a nd 3d ave s 112 C t ic ke t 66 ~ o ~ — C unard Line H o ust n 9t h 3d ave s ; Blee cker 6t h a v e . 24 — — — 1 Custom House R e c tor W e st side ; H a nove r sq East side . 13 Customs I nsp ec tion 29 Cyc lorama 46 D a kota A partmen t Hous e 00 D e af a nd D umb Asyl um D f u te syl m 251 ea M A u — D e L ck nn W s b k n F e ) e lawar , a awa a e t R R (see Ho o e rry ’ D e lmo ni c s 41 “o D e e D e f nc of a m n b 217 taill , e e Ch pig y, y 1 5 D e Vi nn e Press . 5 Directorie s 68 Di v m e S e rvic e 46 Division stree t 145 D rivi ng 65 Ed n é 4a 174 e Mus e , E ast Rive 1 18 E a st Ri v e 1 B t idg e (se e B—roo klyn Bridg e E llis Island S outh Fe rry A ll Emme T m dd num n t , ho as A is Mo e t to E nvirons E quitable Buildi ng E sse x Market Po li c e C ourt E ?r enting Post Buildi ng E x c hang e Plac e E xc ise Bo a rd E xpre ss S e rvi c e E le vate d Railro a ds e e m e — 6th 1 n— h S Pa k P . W 1 9t a v e Fall Riv r t a rs r l ave , a e F r u S of ar ag t . tatue F ederal Hall W ashi ng ton I naug urate d at F e rries Fi fth avenue F i fth Avenu e P i e sbyt e ria n Church Fi fth Avenue S tag es F ire Depa rtment . Five P omt s . F ood S upply F o reig n Consuls Fort A msterdam Georg e

Hamilton . Lafayett e

W ashing ton Foundli ng Asylum ’ F a unce s T a v e t n — — F rench Line Houston 9th av e Blee cker 6th ave Fre nch Q uarter — Fulton Ferry Fulton 2nd a nd 3d a ves 278

P AGE

F ult o n stre e t Fulto n S tree t Pra ye r M e eti ng ’ Gentleme n s R idi ng Club 201 m n o — 6t h s e 3d a v e . 5 h t . 1 G r a H spital 4 ; 7 t s t . 2 1 a v e 39 Gl e n Is land . 74 n Goe le t R e side c e s . 18 6 o de n F b d e d 1 Ame t ic a n nd e nd n G l Hill irst loo sh to I ep e c e . 131 o d J a de nc o f G ul , y, resi e 185 ’ e 1 n01 8 n d S h F e r t — n Gov Isla out y A ll li e s . 74 ’ Gove rn o r s R oo m in CityHall 134 Gra c e Ch urch 165

G1 a me 1 c yPa 1 k . 167 Gt a nd Ce 11t1 a1 Depot Fortys e c ond st 1 eet A ll li ne s nd e Gra stre t — 150 nd S e F e nd—2d 3d a nd 6th e . Gra tre t rry Gra , , av s 32 ’ n T mb—125 th —3d a nd 6th e Gra t s o st . av s 253 e e c S ue o f Gre l y, Hora e , tat 132 ' ‘ — - — Green poi nt l! e 1 ry I we nt ythird s tree t A ll lines 32 Gt e e nw o od C e me t e 1 y u n n — o n —3d a nd 9th s eck —~ G io Li e H usto ave ; Ble er 6th av . n B 1 le — L n x L b G u tt e b erg b (see e o i rary. ) m u r n m — se e b k n Ha b g h Li e S tea ers ( Ho o e Ferr y. ) H a milton Grang e m i n F — e — i ne H a lto e rry S outh F rry A ll l s . a o o H b P li c . r r e — Harle m H e ig h ts —Battl e of. — Harlem Rail r oad Fortysecond street A ll l i n es e m H a rl River .

— - o s F r nk n ua 3d a nd d Harper Br a li sq re 2 ave s . ’ I n Hart s sla d . H e ll Gate Hi g h B r i dg e ‘ H ist orit a i S o c i e ty 160

Hist0 1 y . 19 — — ke n Fe 1 1 — 1 c 9th e e C hi is t o h e 1 3 H o bo y Ba lay ave . is p st . 2 0 Hospitals “ 6 H ote ls 39 — 2 n — d . k n l st st . c e 6th 32 Hou sto S treet Ferry ave ; Blee r ave .

H ds n i e . 269 u o R v r — r - — H udson River Railroad Fo tysec o nd stre e t A ll l i ne s 6 ’ — — H unte r s Poi nt F erry 34th stree t F e rry 2d a nd 3d ave s 32 H ide nc e o f n n on . P 1 e s 189 u ti g t . C

I mmi g ra n t D e p ot . 72 n e —9ih — th I nman Li e Christoph r ave ; 8 th st . 6 ave 24 n od I wo — — Iron S teamb oat Line (Pie1 1. BatteryPla ce A ll li nes 31 Isabe lla Home 255

Italian Qua1 ter . 143 r— th —6th 2 Je fferson M a t ke t Poli c e C ou t S st . ave 17 Jerse yCity 18 — — h J e C it v D b e 9t . nd 2d 3d 6tl1 32 33 ers y Ferry es ross s ave ; Gra , . Je rs e yCo ast 266 h 21 . h c 1 John S tre et M . E C ur J o h n S tre e t T he a t i e J u doe Building Judson Memorial Chut eh

— P A GE Ob e lisk 8 1th street 3d ave 240 O d u e in N e 1 k l est Ho s w Y o . 12 3 O S o n yster alo s . 42 Pa 1 a d 1s e Park 140 P k R o w 12 ar 7 , n F r — se N L P e . . E . . W . ( . R avo ia er y Y R . ) nn n - a m 1 Pe sylva ia R . R . S e as J e se yCityF e 1 ry 28 Pi c t ure E x h ib itio ns 45

P ie 1 A . 77 P oli c e H e a dqum t er 152 Politi c al Di v isio ns 15 Polish Jew Quarter 150 Population 12 Postal I nformation 49 O fﬁ c e — - 2d n — P a d 3d s P a 1 k l . Ct11 ost CityHall ave ; p a ve . 127 Pres byteri a n H ospital 25 1 P i nting H s S q r ou e u—are — Produc e E xchang e Batt e ryplac e 6th a nd 9th ave s

P r ospec t Park . P d nc n f r n— h mb t —6 th rovi e e Li e o Bosto C a ers s . a v e P uck B uildi ng Pulitzer Buildi ng Quaranti ne

R ailroads . Railway Guid ’ R a ndall s Isl a nd . E t E xch a n Real s ate — g R e d S tar Li ner (see Jers e yCityFerry) ’ Reg i s ter s O fﬁ c e Reservoi rs Restaurants Ridi ng R iv erside Park S e v e ntyse c o nd stre e t 6t h ave Rog ues Ga lle l y Roman Catho li c Orphan A s vlum if n n e e —9th Roosevelt Hospit a l F ty i th str t ave . e F e — F nk n S a —2d n R oos e ve lt S tre t rry ra li qu re a d3d aves . B n he r a i R osa o ur s Ho se F r . ’ — — u u n s n 3d . S t . A g sti e s Chapel Hou to street ave

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