Weather Study Guide

SEA BREEZE LAND BREEZE 1) During the day, 2) At night, the land heats up water is warmer, faster and the and the warm air warm air rises. rises. The air over The cool air over land is cooler, so the water blows wind blows from toward the land. the land to the sea.

3) Land heats up or absorbs energy faster and cools off faster than water. ------4) Cool air usually blows inland during the day and out to sea at night. ------5) Before sunrise, if you walk down to the beach, the air over the water is warmer than the air over the land which results in a land breeze. ------6) At noon, if you walk down to the beach, the air over the land is warmer than the air over the water which results in a sea breeze. ------7) What occurs in a convection current? Warm air rises and cool air sinks. 8) Where does most of the water vapor in the air come from? oceans ------9) What causes water to evaporate into the air? heat from the sun ------10) Warm air expands and rises, creating an area of low pressure; cold air is denser and sinks creating an area of high pressure. ------11) What causes wind? Changes in air pressure causes air to move. ------12) How does wind tend to move? from high to low pressure ------13) What part of the Earth receives the most energy? Equator ------14) What causes wind to travel counter clockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern hemisphere? Coriolis Effect and the rotation of the Earth ------15) Describe the behavior of warm and cold air molecules. WARM AIR COLD AIR * rises & expands *sinks & contracts *less dense *more dense : : : : : : : ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ------16) What global wind system affects weather in the state of Georgia? prevailing westerlies 17) What wind system is located between 30 degrees to 60 degrees latitude (N & S)? prevailing westerlies ------18) Where are the Doldrums located? at the Equator ~ 0 degrees latitude ------19) Label the wind systems of the globe below.

20) Illustrate and compare a cold and a warm front. WARM FRONT COLD FRONT

*precipitation  severe weather *warmer temperatures  cumulonimbus clouds  thunderstorms & possible tornadoes  cooler temperatures ------21) What type of front produces thunderstorms? cold front ------22) Does severe weather develop over areas of high or low pressure? low pressure (warm, moist air) ------23) How are tornadoes and hurricanes different? TORNADOES HURRICANES *form over land *form over water *have a vortex at *have an eye at its its center center

------24) What type of clouds creates thunderstorms? cumulonimbus ------25) What is the source of energy for a tropical cyclone? (A.K.A hurricane, himacane) warm, moist air ------26) Illustrate, label, and explain the parts of a hurricane.

eye calm center eye wall thick dense clouds @ the eye; strongest winds spiral spiral arms that move rainbands around the hurricane ------27) Why do hurricanes lose strength over land? Land is too dry & doesn’t provide the fuel they need.(warm, moist air) ------28) Draw and label the parts of the water cycle.

------29) Define the following processes. evaporation sun heats liquid water & turns it into a gas which rises into the air transpiration water vapor is released through plants’ leaves condensation water vapor cools & turns back into a liquid & makes clouds precipitation rain, sleet, snow, h-a-i-l accumulation runoff; water that empties into the ocean