TKE NEWSPAPER OF THE ANTI-APARTHEID MOVIEMENT

TKE NEWSPAPER OF THE ANTI-APARTHEID MOVIEMENT 1 As spiraling viokence teans Soutb AfrIcan townsips apar, De Kkrc-k ylds to ANC pressures PsdentDe Klerk has been Jbted to act on the dangerous escalation of viofence in South Afica's tozvnsbips, under the strong prssure from the ANC's ultimatum in its open letter to himn at the beginning of April. But his belated mo~e on 2.May may not be enough to stare off a sen ous breakdoun in tbe peace process, or to calm down tbe inflamed situation on th5e grud, AFta 1Y-11111sa-37 kld MinisterVio.k. ln fact o-t a.d do~~ injurd in Soweto South African papers bad arid oter black totetuipa, and breen calling on Malan lo hunge r strikes by political cesign for ndsts, and the prisnnento denrand their release InternationalCnsiln (~e page 9) spoadinig frm of Jurist bad called for, Pretoria to at leat tour other VIok's retcm n til pitison, De Klerk announccd in repott onr Natal last yrac ilie whltesýo y parliatnent a And the weekly Snsatbscstn serie-s of measurro to curtheb reported: 'Sentnment la viol-send rerucetihe olstales runtling strongly asnong to negotitiuns. Western diplo-sts *. that Itelerting calls for tbe thet ANC dernand, are wltich we wer in 1986. We vould e back ontheltrevocable path to a total revolution. Rst to appease fi theight be pronrised tough new taws agamtt 'mllieation,' the strengtåentrsg of polire 'manpower and equipnenV, and special a-tons flan ttte to timne by the police and naflsary. And be tltreatenedIWANDLALANGA nohahýdsrdebih ON LWF UNDER goverrnmeiould n.the arate APARTHEID Page 6 ANCtlmiij On the humngsgae ofviolenice, ______die thANSnationalexecave bad calied f.,cae.estep, tobe taken by 9 May, tathoig wtit it would anspeod tailka with r rn i~I about the propotied all-party conress and1 tbc future ,omnititn.TlieANC stnitlativ 1} ws purmpred by the alannasig ,p-claf ofvoen-e to townshlps ål- renkatha hudnotap-vsously app~are - notblyAeadr notthnd east ojhnebr Tbc NCs d~~1an w,,r, backed oip by a list of tett oator minedelt, where the police bad ROBERTer' ioored war-nings of BERT Ipendinganaciss1)blnkatha or McBRIDE - NOW itljlante f--,e or1 artavely ON HUNGER dens=tdsfocusedonthecootrol. STRIKE the poil-c and other se~rt frcs,andonconditions;inthePage9 bachrelorhiostels wich have been a pritn laxrnch pad for lidkatha attack,. TheSouthAfricanpress MEMBE S' liiallypouredarom onthe NEMIS ETTER ANC'swarnlngs, and singledlout for special ridcutoe the detnand if., the sacking of Defence Minister Malant and 12w &Order hostels, the es speciail fiasi to aid viis of violence, and the laneb of prograrntes to eteate emopiny conditiona No deta d, f thsepoposal, wete provided, n.r 0at De tierk s pronise to iutensif ltwasuniclearwlhetherthswoutl ansount to anyltor thanr Viok's derisoygs- e (ser lbox), annornred bet-r De Klerk Icht for Isrope Stn meidm De Klerk alsorepatedbis=alier antt..u.c~ment of a two-day amuttlteeling onthe violence for 24- 25 May. Thi iihtrded to include partiesinside andoautide parhlnent, hurch leadem, trade unkrrlsts and acdetnlcs, Thc ANC initlalty rejected this, poloting out that what was needdwasacsloe,ntttnoeralk f.e ta.t.lebd~. arle ttfore-a tbc daigr that the of atollsoluehnetn the AC H-o-~e the prospects ofa useful meeting iprovd whrn the South African Council of Churches, repontedly with the hacking of the Dutdh Refonned Church, offered to ~o~~n the snstoi a merdating r),. 'The AN1C would be likely to aend son a.meeting -bat De lr anid Bathelez ilght not. Amendttwat of repm"ivfe hws Another De, Klengtrk ~ on 2 May was a new pro~rs tht the provisions of the notorinus tntemalSlecurityActalowingfor prevenrive detenation, the banning of orga~ ~tIn and detentinn for puarposes of interrogation wouild be 'drs ially amrended&.~he amendnrenu bec annouinced to the ISA still not yes been tabled ini parlianseo. The Hunn-t Rits C..nnsLsi.oreacted sceptcally. Like apartheid itseff, we fall to see how Kbese claus-l can be snitised to make thern aortable.'lt called for the whole Act to be sceapped. The final maånelemnent of De Klent's plan as deal with the ,iole- alncprosa] woestablish by legislation a Standing Comamission of toquity, ataffed by a judge, into, the prevention and ending of politically Inaied violetnce. teadm of the ANC, Ctrata and the South African ComtnunistParty, meeingon29 April, bad already rejerred thi propiosal, callig for 'an ind[ependent asternational judicial corrmiee to be,9 established'. VL1TI lW±J±ID NEWS i~1''k~ MAY/JUNE 1991 MOIORN WHEN IS AN AX! NOT AN AX!? Instead Of banning all weapotra at public gatberg, an the ANC proposed, Law and Order Minister Adriaan Vlok has brought in a pattial han. Allegedly 'traditional' weapons, which are seen in ahundajnce whenrever. lnkatha groups go on the ramnpage, may still be catried with impunity - indluding speacas, assegala and battle axels. Bot ht 'cnfliet situations' pangsa (le machetes), ,,.h knives and axs wvill be deenned illegal. Question: what's the diffeprnce between a halo axe (okay) and an axe (not okay)? The regibne'screluctance to deal serilusly 'with this isste isathe dirent result of the unbholy afflance ffsrged hetwen the state 4od Inkatlha agamntt the ANC and d.ernocaic focces in the townships. PHYROU CO 44 FOTESS OAD JUDD STREET LONDON LONDON WC1 i Nws 071-8378880 icsiiGOflS t 071-482 3941 FMTESS il WTMRWQGFQRMEN& WOEI &>eYIrG i GE INii T ri oUcH D0N7 WAIT ANOTHER DoY

2 ANTI-APARTHEID NEWS 0 MAY/JUNE 1991 * TIE ANC's first full national conference since its unbanng will take place it Durban from 2-7 July, According to untonfined reports President Kaunda of Zambia, Julius Nyerere, forner president of Tanzania, andPresidents Nuoma of Namibia and Mugabe of Ztmbabwe have been invited to amend. * THE predomnmantly white National Union of South Afriran Studtnts (Nusas) and the predominantly black South African Students' Congress (Sansco) are to merge in the cu of this ye. According tO Ntaa, tertiary or higher educaon in SouthAfricais available to 20 out of every 1,000 whites, ut to only two Out of every 1,000 blaclke. * ANTI-aparthetd campaiguers le the US have scored another victory. The US investment bak, JP Morgan, has deferred to presurs frm. it, major clients, including municipalities and states, and decided to stop promoting investment in South African companies by ceasing to handle South African ADs (American depositary receipts). Inthepastthe bankhasactedfor over5OSouthAfricanconmpaies; its decision, said the Financial Times(27 April) is 'a bigblow to South African businesses Ich relyonAfDRasameansofhaccess to US investors'. Does the CCB still exist? THE FULtLfctaboutthe sinister Civil c-perst Bronlliu (CC1), establshcdundertherinister of defence to carry out 'military intelligence' operations, may never be known. But there are widespread fears in South Africa that some, at least, of the CCB's structures are still functioning, possibly in a stew guise. When the official investigation into its operations was ordered inJanuary last year, the CCB's managingdirector, Col Joe Verster, told the Harms Commission that CCB staff had hidden files for self- preservation'. Alth gh in the end the inaut Simed laaelv into a taoversy, De Kterk has retained Mialan as his defence minister. Thewaterswerefurthermuddied when in April Malan fired CCB MD Joe Verster and 27 other operatives, and has sued Verster for the missing files. The government announced it would drop its legislation to indemnify the state against claims by fourmer ClB menbes frc more severancepay andothebenfits. In addition, the SADFwould help -tobeatthedeadlineof pending legislationtoindemnifytheSADF against claims of this nature. In February this year, responding to suggestions that the CCB was still in existence, Malan said that itwas announced inJuly 1990 that the CCB had been operationally disbanded. 'The truth is that the CCB has not functioned or been active in any waysinceatleastFebhruary1990.' He insisted: 'he organisation does not exist. It belongs to the past.' Nevertheless the controversy continued and it became known during the same month that despite the suspensfon ofits activities, the CCB had received during the current financial year a further R9nm in cash. Malan now claimed that, although wound up, the organisaton could not merely be disbanded at the stroke of a pen. He added: 'As far as administruationstructures are concerned, including frontcompanies, more than 80 ptr cent have already been disposed of.' Very little is known about the remaining 20 per cent of CCB resources - or of former CCB members who have been transferredto the SADF.JasperWalsh of the Democrac Party askedin the witeparhimaent whether the additional R9m was a golden handshake for former CCB members or to buy their silence. Despite the damaging con- Chance of a lifetime 'Who says thatnobodyeverwss reaction was one of disbelief. anything in a raffle? I always did Now thatthecarhasbeenhanded but that doesn't stop me from overtome, Ishouldliketothank buying tickets provided it's for a everyone for theirgenerosityand cause I support. So when I was theirhardworkinprovidingsuch told - onmy birthday for an odd a wonderful prize. I am also very coincidence -thatl had won the pleased to hear that the raffle first prize, a Renault 5, in the generated so much money for latest Anti-Apartheid raffle, my the cause.' Barbara Walker * Barbara Walkerwas last year's prize winnqr. This year the Grand Raffle will be drawn on 24 Mayand, onceagain, we are offering some great prizes, including a car as the top prize. e-CCB members to apply for inderainyagainstirosectionfur illegal activitie General Malan said ANC members were getting indemnity and it was 'only right that our own people should be looked afte,' On 23 April 1991 further detailed descriptions of previously unpublished CCB prol-e wergreveaedin a repott byte Palic entaryAGomms, e on Public Accounts. Arms exports AS A result 6if the embartassing howitzer which is claimed to be publicity surrounding South 'better suited to the desert than Afrtica's sale of 155nm howitzers others'. to Iraq as well as to the United Early in April it also became Arab Emirates (UAE) and Saudi known that the prototype Arabia, the South African state Rooivalk ground attack hellarmaments corporation, Arms- copterwastogointo production cot, suspended its adverts in as a result of an order for five imtemationaldefencejoumalsior aircraft. Although thecustomerafewweeks. washotdisclosed,itisknown Then in one issue of Jane's thattheUAEhasshownaspecial Defence Weeky (6 April 1991) it interest i the Rooivalk and was advertsedonoe again, taking two considering t developments a pages to promote the G6 155mm joint venture with South Africa. @ FREEDOM RUN * AEROBOTHON 0 ENIERGY BURN UP Sunday 30june-Brockwell Park, Brixton/Herlel ill The Freedom Run provides an ideal opportunity for supporters to give active support to our fundraising campaign. This year the event will be accessible and enjoyable to people of all levels of fitness by offering a wide variety of activities. The Run consists of two 3kintrus, for all ages and abilities. and t- 0lon runsforthe more serious fun rumners. The circuit will be well supervisedand refreshments provided. Aerobothur An outdoorsponsored aerobicssesson led by profesiotnalrainers from the Brtixton Recreation Centre, This is a new popular wayof raising money. Children are welcome. 'Energy buirn up' A sponsored calorie loss on exercise The bikes are topquaty and calorie loss will be monitored by professional staff Alongside the fundrasing activities there will be 1ive msic, plus children's activities and food, craft and drink stalls All in all thr event promises to be both a challenge for participants sod a great dayoutforall thefanily. Ifyoucan run, cycleor keep fit, joinwith us for this important fundraising eventAs an individual in any of the activities; With your family- special family rate of £i10 OR why not get together a team of friends or colleagues at the special rate of £15 (a team of participants need not necessarily enter the same event but Can Cover the rage of achiMes). GREAT PRIZES TO BE WON Collect sponsorship and you could stand to win: Adus fover 16) 0 Year's membership of Physique Gym (071-482 3941). * Scuba diving tralniag course. Stephen Williams International Diving Limited (021-745 1201). * Year's Yoga course (worth £250) at the Intemationlal Sivananda Yoga Vedanta Centre (081-780 0160). * Year's membership of tse jubilee Hall Sports Centre, Covent Garden (071836 4835). 0 10 przen of two tickets to the 1991 Aurluma production, Theatr Royal Strafsd Est (081-534 0310). 0 7 day residential holiday for a child between the ages of 5 or 15 donated by Action Holidays (056"54775). 0 7 day holiday for a child over 8 years c a weekend break for a family group in North Wales. Rob Hasuigs Adventure limited (0525-379881). 0 6 prizes of cool clothing froma Reebok (0524-36313). PLUS PEDMS FOR THE TOP FUNDRAISERS - over 6 * A Hot Air Balloon Flight. Acorn Activities (0432-37335), 0 A Soul i1 Soul Trackrsut and T shirt. 0 A bike from Mosquito BBfles (071-226 841) and Brixton Cycles (071-733 685 ) I BRIEFLY

ANTI-APARTHEID NEWS * MAY/JUNE 1991 3 De Kiderk gains little from European trip DE KLERK's week-long visit to Europe towards the end of April yieldedfew tangible benefits for the SouthAfricanpresident- and none for the strtfe-wracked country he left behind him. InIreland hefacedthebiggest denonstrationsofprotestwhich included deputies and senators of all parties, leaders of most f the major trade unions, promi nent icuch figures and former Dunes Stores strikers. Students picketed Trinity C le Dublin when ow De kle, apoaied toa view beok of Kts. cui o as nd tinianlytight, 'Atno stgedid [De ek] cle anto rontact with the public protesters...r bystande,' ,aid ahe cish T e ek anays premier, Taoeach th arlon Haughey, however, sine hve fa en fedr heri's I,. m ouncdig I reewof his cotintry's ban onl fruit and veel importrm otith Africa ,nd calling 1), Klerk s brilliaint' In Londonfornthefouth tine ,noe he 1-lame leader of the National Party, De Klerk spent twmodayslyinglowbeforestaring asees ofspeechesandmeetings, Is aims Were to get sanctions lifted, mobiise new investment. and reassure those who make policy and fo n opinions that South Africa's futirre is safe in his hands Inthe event, the dailyreports of death inthe ownships proved more perpuasve than D, Kierk's complacent message. Only the institeofDirectors gavehiman enthusiastic reception, but even the City signalled that it was not rbshing to pour new money into the turbulence created by the township violence. On the morning ofDe Klerk's first encounte with PM John Major, an AAM delegation delivered 'Give Democracy a Chance' petitions. The TUC's Norman Willis, Southern Africa Coalition coordinator Mildred Nevile, Labour MPs Dennis Skinner, Kate Hoey and Peter Hain, and Tory MP Peter Bornloley acconpanied AAM's Bob Hughes MP and Richard Cabomn MP to 10 Downing St. In the afternoon Labour MPs boycotted De Klerk's embassy reception in droves. Only Tam Dalyell MP was seen to go in, withasmallnumberofToryMPs braving the wrath of AAM protesters. From the British government De Klerk got all the noises he wanted about lifting further sanctions, the promise of a Douglas Hurdvisit later this year and avaguesuggestionofatpise ministerial visit (probably at the time of the Commonwealth sunttit in Hacare in October). Such a visithas been mooted for well overtwo years, but remains blocked by AAM-led opposition to it. Buton the day after De Klerk faiedtocomplywiththe Pretoria Minute, Foreign Secretary Douglas Hurd announced that South Africa had recently been Ant"apstUmid Potfter Can o Do K"tk to ri . eN -Alitd.t Piclal ptom by the 30 Ala dadlhu P.s.'totF designated a 'target market for Afrca. British exports', and that the DTI In Desrk foone day, De (DepaamentofTrade&ndustry) Klerk failed to reverse a would be more active in pariaroentarymajoritydecision, promoting business with South binding upon the Minority government,forthemaintenance of existing EC sanctions (see sty belm). 0 A spokesman for ex-Prime MinisterThatcher has confinned that she will visit South Africa in May, as a personal guest of F W de Klek. But he denied that she had been offered the feedomof the city of Johannesburg. Danish parliament blocks lifting of EC sanctions INAMAJOR setback to De IOerk's anti-sanctions campaign the majority parties in the Danish parliament overturned the Danish foreign minister's decision to support the lifting of the remaining 1986 European Communitysanctions, iethelbem on iron and rteels imports and e heanongoldooins.ahisdefiant snind by the Danish pariament foeced the PC foreign ministers in Luxembourg on 28 April to temporarily abandon their decision to lift these bans. In a controversial move the foreign ministers of the EC had decided to lift these sanctions measures on 15 Aprl on the grounds that the South Afiican regime had tabled legislation to repeal the land and Group Area Acts. This was despite a lastminute appeal by the ANC and withoutanyconsultationwith the European Parliament, despite a specific request toths effectfromn the president of the parliament. As revealed in Ant-Apartheid News, the repeal of these Acts willlegmiatetheforcedremoval of four million Africans dispossessed of their land. Apparently the British, with Gecran backing, forcedthrough a set proposal from the Bmssels-based Conrssion that the bans should be lifted, despite resereations from a number of ministers. The decision was clearly an embarrassment for the current president of the EC Council of Ministers, Luxembourg foreign minister Jacques Pons. He had met the previous Thursday with an ANC delegation including secretary general Alfred Nzo and the head of the International Department, Thabo Mbeki. They had flown in directd fiom South Africa V0 see POOSandseoredanunderiaking front bins to postpone any decisiontorelaxsanctio sothat the foreign ministers could give aeilo-idetonto theANC's argnents. The foreign ministers' dcislos provoked outrage at the EuropeanParliamaent meeting in Luxembourg. Te porliranent demanded that Pos and the P l of the Commission, Jaeee D-elors, appear before the parliament to justify their action, in particular their refusal to consult with the parliament. Brilish Conservative MEP Peter Price led the attack on the floor of the parliament with backing from the Socialists and other political groupings. The decision was con, demned in a special statement issued by the ANC and PAC National Execative Committees who were meeting at the time in Hacare. They 'called upon the people of the EEC to campaign vigorously for the reversal of this decision'. Echoing this appeal, the Liaison Group of AAMs of the European Community issued an appeal tothe Councilof Ministers calling on them to suspend the decisionrinhe lighitof the refusal oftheregimetormeetthet,30April deadline for the removal of obstacles to negotiations and in the light of the regime's plans to replacetheLandand GroupAreas Acts with new legislation which Uranium Action THE NEXTdayofactiononSouth Africanuranum is provisionally planned to take place Saturday 1 June. South African uranium is transported by rail through Basingstoke, Reading, Oxford, Burmingham, Crewe and on to Liverpool or Manchester, once shipped into Southampton. LocalAAgroupson the route are planning a press stum consistingofactivistsboardingatwain atSouthampton dressed inradiation suits and carrying a mock drom of uranium. They will then be oined by other local group activists at each stop, ending at Manchester. Receptions are planned at eachstationwithlocaldignitaries andsympatheticorganlsations to greet the growing number of activistsonboard.Otheractivities on the day include picketing the stations, leafleting cars, marking would allow for segregation to be maintained in a new form. Archbishop Huddleston on behalf of the Liaison Group has sought an urgent meeting with Foreign Minister Poos and plans are being made fora majorlobby of the May session of the European Parliament. Day of the route and organising interviews with the local media. It's imporuta to raise this issue throughout Britain. For furtherinformationcontactClaire McMaster at AAM HQ. What you can do * Support local protests/ orgamse a picket at your local rad station * Write to BNF urging them to stop processing South African uranium - Me C Harding, Chair British Nuclear Fuels Plc, Hinton House, Risley, Warrington, Cheshire WA3 6AS. * Write to P&O urging them to haltshipping-SirJefferySteling CBE, Chair P&O Ltd, 79 Pall Mall, London SWIY 5EJ. * Write to BE urging them to stop shipment - Sir Robert Reid, Chair British Rail, Euston House, Eversholt St, London NW1

4 AN4TI-APARTHNEID NEWS 0MAY/JUNE 1991 Barcelona beckons SA sport SOUTH Africa's impending return to international sport prompts fresh speculation every day. To the casual reader, it is already a foregone conclusion that South Africa oll Ie taking part in the Barcelona Olympics ner year, and highly likely that South Africa will he at the Tokyo world athletic championshipsthis year. The reality is less dramatic. The International Olympic Committee (10c), after its top level visit to South Africa at the end of March, took two impoitant and linked decisions. First, it called for the continuation of the moratorium on South African participation in international sport Second, the IOC granted cndlonal recognition to the new Interim National Olympic Comittee of South Africa (INOCSA). The IOC will review the situation in June at a key meeting in Biringham. And the IC will decide in Lassaume in July whether stfficen progress has heen made to warrant an invitation to South Africa togo to Barcelona. TIe JUly meeting will assess how far the following five conditions have been complied with, * the abolition of apartheid * the necessity for INOCSA to comply, in its structure and actions, with the Olympic Charter; * the need forlNOCSA to move towards the establishment of a permanent National Olympic Committee, and to encourage the normalisation of relations between the national federations it embraces and the relevant international federations; * the pursuit of the unification of individual sports on a nonracial basis; and * the normalisingof relations b e t w r e n INOCSA and African sports organisations, especially the Association of National Comuittees of Africa. Nrlson Mandela has given this approach his blessing, and it will be very influential even insponstatdo not fall under the Olympic umhrella, such Ir as cricket and rugby. But SACOS (the South African Council ofSport),oneof the five constitunt bodies of the INOCSA, has broken ranks and come our against too rapid a process of return to world competion specifically opposing South African participation at Barcelona. Meanwhile. the IOC has granted £1.1 million towards the training of coaches and adsimstratos in South Africa. PAC/ANC talks go well THE two daymeeting last month between leaders of the ANC and PAC (Pan Afticanist Congress) 'exceeded ourbestexpectations', said both sides. It was the most significant. attempt io restore unity since the PAC split away from the ANC in 1959. The meeting took place in Harare, capital of Zimbabwe, because some PAC leaders have either been refused permission to return to South Africa or are unwilling to apply for it. The meeig agreed that a conference of paiotic forces should be convened in Cape Town in Augst, to Which all groups thatlupporta Constituent As1blydwillbeinvitet Groups not yet committed to a Constinent Assembly will also be approached to encourage them to take par. This would appear to allw for the itiluaj of bartatan political parties, - huding Inketha. But thelatter is unlikely to attend. Aspecaljioit sul-comnittee on sancticar sappointed, and the meeting expressed grave concern and deep disappointmeit at the 'unwarranted and premature lifting of a package of sanctions' by the European Commurty. The ANC and PAC 'called upon the people of the EEC to campaign vigorously for the reversal gf this decision'. Women's Council launched THE AM Women's Council met The Women's Council will for the first time in April, approach the ANC Women's coinciding with the first national League about the bestways of conference of the ANC Women's achieving this. League in South Africa. The 0 Women political prlCouncil's aims are to support sonm The Womens Coonand promotewomenin cilwillcampaignforthe the liberation releaseof women struggleandto poiticalpensoners mobiliewomen whoremainin sbtruggle adto ' poicaprsns inBritainin apartheid'sjails. solidarity; it 0 S o a t h hopes to Afr1caa establishaclose Women'slay, relationshipwith 9 August, is a the ANC dayofcrucial Women'sLeague. importanceto TheCouncilelected women in the RachelJewkesas chair, struggle against apsCamlulaRioskelleyasvice-chair hed. The Women's Council and Chris Wybranska as will encourage local groups secretary. tohighlightthisdaywith Several key areas of work educational/fundraising over the coming period were events in solidarity with identified as providing an women in South Africa. The inportant focus foractionbythe Women's Council will orgaWomen's Council itself and for nise a fundraising event in women throughout the Anti- London at this time. Apartheid Movement Role of women in a postapartheid solidarity ora* Twinning with ANC nisation.TheWomen's regona. Twinning projects Council will ensure that agreed with ANC regions women play a major role in should give special consi- theneworgansationandthat deration to ways of assisting itsworkcontainsanmportant the mobilisation and orgatu- focus on women in Southern sation of women in the ANC. Africa. U Any members wishing more information about any of the above activities should contact Lesley Higgins at Mandela Street HQ. Bantustans' future hangs In the balance The bantristans are a key element of apartheid rule in South Africa. Recent developments have thrown them into crisis. How will theyfit into the 'new South Africa' - ifat all? Democrats in the bantustans are looking to theANC to help build a united South Africa. Their opponents are drawing closerto DeKlerk to secure tbeirfutures.Sipho Mila Pfiyana analyses the trends. IN RECENT years the banastans have witnessed various military coups d'etat and intensified repression against political resistance These are symptoms both of the wider crisis of apartheid role in South Africa, and of specific developments affecting the bantustans, including * the mass mobilisation against forced removals of African communities from white deignated areas and, in some instances, the incorporation of their various communities into the bantustans * the political challenge posed by the traditional leaders to their puppet authority which placed them under considerable strain, * hard hit by coruption, and the waste of resources through duplication, the bantastans have felt the weakness of the South African economy, severely affected by international sanctions and unable to carry the burden of maintaining the system. The roors of the current bantustain crisis can be traced back to the 1983 tricameral reforms which were accompanied bythe establishment of a black local council system. This was premised on an Inadvertent acceptance of the permanence of Africar in areas outsideof the bantustans, the opposite of the original policy. This robbed the hantustan project of its political rationale. The Black Alliance of South Africa (Basn) under the leadership of the KwaZulu bantistan chief minister, Gatsha Buthelezi, which included in its ranks the Coloured Labour Party and the Indian Couned, collapsed. The latter two joined the tricameral system, whist four out of ten bantustans had opted for 'independence'. As the authority of the bantsstagswaschallengedthroughout the country, their response was uniform - repression. Mass detention, assassination of opponents, establishment of vigilantes and ruthless informal violence ensued. Like their apartheidimasters, the bantustan authorities were plunged into a crisis of legtimacy At a time when the regine showed a lack of political initiative, not all the antustans survived the challenge of the masses to their authority. In KwaNdebele bantustan, the founders of the Congress of Traditional Leaders of South Africa (Contralesa) took over from the repressive puppets. In the Transkei the Military Council of Ministers led by Bantu Holonsisa moved far beyond the regime's expectations. The downfall ofthe Ciskei and Venda regines marked a relative change of direction. Lacking guidance from their mentors in Pretoria, the new bantustan regimes were amenable to political discussion and Althogh the majorityof these rulers have made gestures of support for the ANC and the liberation forces in general, it w ld be premature to pronounce that theyhave beenwon over tthesid ofthesuaggle en masse. Their stand will be deteonined by the balance of Central governmett now appoints the ministersof finance, justice, police and other key The Ciskei hanruitan leader clained this development as a move towards the incorporation of the bantustans into the wider Sooth Africa - one of the key Psisas IDAF debate. In KaNgwane hantustan forces at a decisive moment. democratic demands. In fact it is Chief Minister Mabuza was Thereisnothinginevitable about a deliberate attempt on the pat alwaysresponsivetothe general their siding with the oppressed. of central government to take positions of democratic forces. In recognition of this the control ofthe uncertain future of Thus, by the time De Kierk regimehasembarkedonaproject thebantstam.Similarmovesare took charge in 1989, his regime to entice these forces hack into mooted for Bophuthatswana. could no longer count on the its fold as junior partners. This Secondly, Pretoria isoffering unequivocal support of blindly strategy is two-pronged. First, it a position for these rulers at the loyal hantustan leaders. It came aimtoreducethepolitical power negotiating table. The regime to count more than ever on extended to these structures, counterpoises the demand for a Buthelezi as the most loyal especially the nominally inde- constituent assembly with a call supporterofthe regime's policies pendent ones, by taking over for a multi- party conference at - more reliable than any of the their key functions. This has which parties with a proven other bantustan rulen. startedwith the Ciskeibantustan. representation will draw up a new constitution. Partiesalready in power in the bantustans will use the fact of their positions as 'evidence' of theirrepresentative character. This is intended to counter the ANC's endeavour to build a broad coalition of forces to demand an elected costituent assembly - in which, most probablyfew ofthe rulitgparties wouil have much ofap esence. The regime is therefore playing on their desire fora political role in the faceof anuncertain future. Tocoerceitsiopponentswho are presiding over the nonconformist banrustans, the regime is using its financial leverage. In Mach the chief minister ofKaNgwane bLntsitan, Enos Mabuza, resigned bis posinon, citing among other things the financial strai imposed by the regi . Inthe Trarskei, suict budgetary contrul have been unposed by central government, But the corrupt calr of Bophuthatswana continue to enjoythefin al supporofthe regimetTheyandorhemlrsethe are seen i Pre r a potideal allies ag"inst he libetion foces. Gatsha Buthelezi is thought to have played an important role in detaching the head of the Ciskei Military Council, Oupa Gqozo, from a pro-ANC stance. Whatever positions may be taken by the various bantustan leaders they cannot stop the inevitable collapse of those institutions. Theyarewithouthe ideological base that has sustained them for many years and they are a drain on the country's economic resources. Hence their desperate search for a new lease of life.

ANI-APARTHEID NEWS 0 MAY/JUNE 1M 5 The spread of violence orchestrated by the South African regime clouds the prospectsfor negotiations A PeaceProcessMonitor: Despite a last minute flurry of concessions, the 30 April deadline for the South African government to remove the obstacles to negotiationspassed without the regimefulfilfing its obligations underthe Pretoria Minute. Now theprospectsfor a start this year to negotiations over afuture constitution look distinctly poor. In the third ofa regularseries, Anti-Apartheid News assesses theproblems bedevilingthepeaceprocess. STAGE I REMOVING THE OBSTACLES TO NEGOTIATIONS Release of political prisoners Mounting domestic and international pressure on De Klerk to honour his promise to release political prisoners finally achieved significant results durngAprll-butnotthehopedfor complete opening of the priso gates. Between 12 and 25 April MinisterofJustice.KobieCoetsee announiced the release of 399 named political prisoners compared with the 310 released in the preceding eight months. He also introduced a new category of persons who would qualify to indemnity or release. The offese included in this categoryrange fIomh- Ilg-son, to itsrnal SecurityAetoffences (illegal gatherisate), to common law offences sucn as mst public violence, intimidation and trespass - provided no deaths occurred or serious bodily -njuries wer so-uaned. He would ,qu alty for release in this Tits would brng the total isive' releases o a aximm of 909 But a welter of conflicting staistics, De Klerk told padime" on 30 April that he had autrrised the release of a total of 933 prisoners - and rejected the applications of some 364 others. Whichever figures one believes, it was clear that actual releases were trailing far behind the announcements coming out of Pretoria. Of the 399 releases promised in April, the Human Rights Commission (HRC) could only establish that about 100 had actually happened by the end of the month. It was also clearthat fr more political prisoners were being held than were going to be released. A joint HRCA/lAF list of political prisoners - the most comprehensive yet published was released simultaneously in Johanneshurg and London on 23 April. I identified 1,361 prisoners still being held on 2 April, and estimated from available figures for arrests and trials that there were several hundred more whom t was not pasible to n-,- mostly convicted of 'unrestrelated' offences. The London press conference, chaired by the AAM's Bob Hughes MP, Look place in the House of Conrtons on the very day e lerk wastellingthe media - also inondon-thathis govemmer had 'meticulously adhered' to the timetable for the release of prisoners. This blatant lie anncncaltl sirkreality uiat by 30 petatleatstartird of a"fpieict lprior1;rst1U inside at the beginning of April ser not even scseduledfor, release. Another last-minute oove to improve the regime's image was the incorporation of four nominees of the ANC into the advisory process for examining individual applications forrelease. This process involves three judges, and two groups of advisors - lawyers chosen by the state, and the human rights experts proposed by the ANC. The cames of the latter were only published in the Government Gazette six days before the deadline. This was one of many steps that could have been taken at any time since the Pretoria Minute was signed on 6 August - but was IAWYERS FOR HUMAN RIGHTS EXPOSE DE KLERK'S CLAIMS ON POLITICAL PRISONERS outraged by4)e Klerk's distorted defence of his record on the release of political prisoners, Lawyers for Hinpan Rights, a Pretoriabuased human rights lobby, went public on 1 May with a detailed dissection of the facts. The following is the text of their statement slightly abidged. - Theaitude lrrety beng lsphiyed bytheSttr tidand his deputies towards the isue of the releaeofpoliticil prisoners is not only highly desmtctive but dishonest.. In a recent meeting with the Minister of Jstice, we made it dear to him that there have been many pmblems with the entire proess of application and release, the bulk of which have beer caused by the goverinent and its officials. Asong these we would llke tocirete following, " it Look almost th ee months for ouro g-isaticso ,ga the kind of accfstoprnerswe required in o-dertoassist people in filling out the fioms. " Insome prisons, political prisoners had to embark on hunger strikes before those in charge would release copies of the forms to them. * Some prisoners filled in applications for- lse in Novem-be and ene- rlastyear TOdatetheirapplicatinshavreivd no res-pnse from the Office for Indenmity or from the State President himself * The consulting bodies constituted by the Governsent Gazettes of 9 and 7 November started fu nctioning without the participation of anyof those people nominated bythe ANC. It was only on 24 April that their names were gazetted (such names having been submitted to the governmuent lat year), after work on various applications had aheady conaso d * There are prisoners whose cases fall within the unconditonal category announced last week who are still in prins in various pars of the country. * Thcerrenaininprison matsyprisonterswhusecases fall quiarlly within the guidelines agreed to by the govermnent and the ANC. included in these a members of linkhonto we lwe... We submitted to the Minnster a nutber of unconditionalcategories which we believed woild speed up thepcss of releases - includedin these was a category which would cover all membeis of Umhkhonto we Sixwe who caied our acs pursuant to the instructions of their organisation. Thus far, we have had no response on any of the categorie prcopod. * Te government has insisted that those political prisoner under sentence of death should first have their aentences commuted before their applications for release can Ie dealt with, This stipulation formed no part offany agreemient,either in the Pretoria Minute or theJoint Working Group. Some of the above informution we had not previously released, as wewere attemaptingto resolve the problems through constructive discussion. However, in the face of the obvious recalcitrance of the State President, we felt it was now approprinte to do so. We are neow haed with a government which describes April 30 as a tagetdate (in drec and blatant contradictin to the agreement reached in the Pretoria Mmtste), which blames the ANC for having failed to submit enough applicationst whichdescribes 364 applicants as crminalNi which attempts to confuse both the public and the media through the use of stoted figres. A govetment who, In our view, demonstrates a lack of real commitmemt to the postponed as part of a strategyof using prisoners and exiles as hostagesto putmoreleverageton the ANC. Rubbing salt into the wound, De Kerk brazenly tried to blame theANC and human lights bodies for the delays in the process (see adjoining reply by lawyers for Human Rights). He also denied responsibility for 133 political prisoners in 'neiglburing ountries' -apartheid-speak for the four 'independent' bantustans. Retmrn of exiles/ granting of immunity The central problem of thesafe rentcoofpolicl exilesremained unresolved by 30 April. fly restricting the cateories of offenees' Ito a rarow nrgethe regime hasmade it nee sary for would-be returnees to spell out the offeaces for ,ic tl y seek indemnity from prosecution. These are then assessed individually, and as disputed casesl refesred to the sale advisory conaitte.s that are processing applications from political prisoners. Power of decision is the monopoly of the state - the same apartheid state whose brutal writ the exiles soght as escape by leaving the country. De Kerk's scoresheet oti 30 April showed 5,872 applications received, of which 4,530 hat been indemnified by category, 55 individually, and 90 refused or referred to comminttees. our hundred and two had been referred back to the ANC for 'proper' information, and a funt526tiouldhave beendealt with he daimed, if the ANC had keptanappointtumentwiustice Deparmaent officials, But the solution, ifsch there was to be, was being hmammered out in negotiations in Geneva, where the office of the UN High Conanissioner for Refugees was pressing the head of the Foreign Affairs ministry o accept the oly method that could speed up a proesthatcouldotherwise drag on for years- a general amnesty for exiles, At the time of going to press, no outcome had been announced. But it is generally expected that sooner or later the regime will have to accept the UNHCR demand - or forfeit the large sums of foreign currency which the agency will bring into thecountry by orgsrti nights and welfare provisions for the 20-40000 exiles. Repeal of repressive laws iceepageS1 STAGE II TAKS ABOUT TALKS Constituent Assembly The argument about what forian should draw up a new constitution has become more deadlocked than before. Throughout his European tour De Klerk reiteated his opposition to a constituent assembly. He told his Chatham Jouse audence that Nanmiia was not an approptiate example, because: 'Noself-respecting, independentcountry can allow itsparliament. imperfect as it may be, to be bypassed in constitutional matters. The democratic international community should not even consider to support such a suggestion.' Although infBritain the LabourPartyleadershipchosenot to press De Klerk on this issue, or that of the Interim Government, it i clear that in South Africa the demand for a cnituent assembly is gain ing ground. It will be the focus of intensive i'nass mobilisation by ANC. PAC, Azapo, die South African Communist Party and the Congress of South African Trade Unions in June and July, interim Government The failnue of the regime to meet its obligations under the Pretoria Minute, and its reluctance to take action to curb the violence, underline the force of the argument that the goverment mustinot be allowed to be both player and referee in the negotiaions. De Klerk is offering tocoopt selectedleaders, whilst rejectingthc idea that his goveranent should make way for sometiing more representative. In London he made a brazes claim for the cuent system of government. 'SouthAfricaisagoingconcem. We areafunctioning democracy - albeit far from perfect - with a economy, generally speaking, rooted in the free market philosophy.' ADparty talks Lecauseoftheslowpms on removingobstaces,and thestalemtate threatening over the violence and the ANC s 9 May 'ultimatum' (see report pagel), there now seems little chance of any all-party talk, staing ,efore August or September. Whether they would proceed tintheabscmc ofthe ANCis the big question mark hanging overthe whole negotiating process If the all-party talks do get under way, they will prove more problematic than seemed likelyinjanuarybecause theANC is under increasing pressure from its allies, especially Cosato and the SACP, not to allow the talks to evolve into the forat wich negotiates over a futireconstitution -which iscleariy how the National Party wants them to function. STAGE m DRAFTING A NEW CONSTITUTION The National Party has yetto reveal what sort of constitution it will be seeking But it is predicting increasinglyconfidentlythatpower-shafig will be the basis of the 'new South Africa'. De lerk told the Inlendet on Sunday (28 April) what this meant. 'Governments under the new constitutional dispensation will probably consist of more than one party. The National Party will ce'tainily be part of such a government.' De Merk's project of building a conservative coalition with Inkathsa and other forces is apparently going so well that he felt able to boast of it in one of his speeches on 23 April: 'I seea formidable alliance of moderateleaders andpartiestaking shape, almost voluntarily, on the basis of shared values.' First to publish its proposals for a new constitution was the ANC. in April it presented for public debate the results so far of its own internal discussions. Stressing that these were not final positions, or an atteinpt to preempt a Constautent Assembly, theANCcalled forwide discussion of the issues, to help ensure 'that popular participation in costitution- making is real'. The ANC document outlines key principles, including a united South Africa, single citizenship reflecting co.mmon South African nationhood, and a single system of fundamental and equal rights for all. On constitutional structures, it oprs firmly for proportional representation to elect both a National Assembly (lower house) and a Senate (upper house). The atter-wouldprovide for 'representation on a regional but noton an ethnic basis'. it would have power to delay but not to veto legislation. The AlC envisages 'incorporating eleinents of a national list and regional acco intability into the electoral system', and offers tentative proposals as to how this might be done. ,,Qn the potentially intracable angoa e hae,the ASC Proesa tlat the ten named languages sedin South Africa shouldlave equal status, with the state entitled to give primacy to one or more languages in any region. mrocessofnegotsatiors ato th~equest rec- * lla- ..-"

6 ANTI-APAR'rHEID NEWS * MAY/JUNE 1991 The more things change, the more they stay the same PARTHEIDisstillverymuch aliveinthe Woodlands area of Mitchell's Plain, Western Cape, whereTheresaSolomonlivesand works. Living conditions for the 300,000 'Coloured' residents of Mitchell's Plain. brought to the desolate area from the late 1960s onwards under the regime's policy of forced removals, have not been improved by President De Klerk's 'reforms'. The cost of living in Mitchell's Plain is high because it is 25 miles from Cape Town and there is no local industry or other employ meat. Extra bus fares have to be found to get children to school and parents to work, and food and other essentials cost more due to high transport costs. There arefew welfare facilities and the child road accident death rate on the motorways is the highest in South Africa. Theresa Solomon is the project coordinator for the Woodlands People's Centre, comprising a 250-seater hall, a day centre for 60 children, an advice office and a library. The Centre is the only place of its kind in Mitchell's Plain and was fought for by local people over more than 10 years, in the teeth of official hostility and ohtrution. The ctapaign for a People's Centre began in the late 1970s, soon after Theresa and her neighbours were forced to leave the ruins of their bulldozed houses in District Six and found themselves in Mitchell's Plain withnopark, nolitary, nopublic baths, no nurseries, no schools, no comsunity. 'People were thrown together in Mitchell's Plain from several different areas. They didn'tknoweach otherandwere cotmpletelytraumatised.'Butthey gottogether, formed a Residents' Association, and set about obtaingtheirown landto build theCentre. The dealwas clinched after three busloads of Woodlands residents, mainly women, braved a four-deep cordon of police to occupy the city council offices in protest at the price being demanded for a building plot. 'At the beginning of the afternoon the asking price was R778,000,' Theresa recalled. 'At the end it was R4,985.' Today, after more than 10 years of fund-raising from churches and aid agencies abroad, the Woodlands People's Centre is up and running. Its day centre, which is attempting to overcome the divisions of apartheid by teaching Xhosa to local children classified as 'Coloured' and transporting in others from areas classified African, is financially self-sufficient. Theresa is now looking for support in the form of nursery equipment, non-racist, nonsexist children's books, and resourcematerialsfotheCentre's library. She is keen to build solidarity links with nursery schools in Europe and North America. The Residents' Association is one of six civic associations in Mitchell's Plain Coordinating Committee to the Cape Areas Housing Action Committee (CAHILL), one of the powerfol regional odies thrugh which the democratic movement is What is life really like in De Kierk's 'new South Africa'? Anti-Apartheid News asked three South Africans for their views, and their impressions of Johannesburg, Durban and the Western Cape. Margaret Ling talked to Theresa Solomon, Gerald O'Sulivan to Mandla Langa and Essop Pahad. challenging the apartheid local government system. In Theresa's view, 'the civics will be thefirst tierofgovernment under a new South African consitution. We need to empower our people now for when we have to govern ourselves atlocal level... Through projects like the Woodlands People's Centre and' local residents' associations, conununites which have been very deprived are defining their needs and organismig to meet them themselves.' SOANllSBURGis really *a black citynow, and J people are quite confident, the waytheywalk the streets,' said Essop Pahad, a member of the South African Communist Party's interim leadership. He left South Africa over 26 years ago, and returned lastjuly. Mandla Langa, novelist and cultural attache in the ANC's London office, left Durban in 1976. Going back for the ANC's consultative conference in December 1990, he was struck by the tremendousgrowth of the informal sector -which was wholly illegal when he left: 'Markets andstalls, people selling fruit,vegetables and otherthings on the pavements - something I had last seen in other African capitals like Lusaka.' Both menwere impressedby the greaterpolitical awareness of black South Africans, and by the ANC's capacity to mobilise supporters. Mandla pointed out that within a week, the ANC managed to organise a rally of 50,000 supporters to greet President Oliver Tambo in Durban - 'an area that is supposed to be the sole preserve of Gatsha Buthelezi,' And in Port Elizabeth last year, inthelargestrallyeverseen in South Africa, 400,000 supporters turned out to see Nelson Mandela. Racism is still very much part of South African society. Mandla Langa: 'Even though you know you can share public transport, you still get those kind of looks that say to you: you are not wanted here.' The poverty amdst white affluence has become more obvious and entrenched, he observed. 'There are more beggars on the street. There are more peoplelookingbewildered and destitute than in 1976.' Two key apartheid laws, the Group Areas Act and the Land Acts, are in process of being repealed. But what remains in their wake is a terrible legacy of honmelessnessand overcrowding. Mandla was shocked by the vast squatter camps around Cape Town: 'It's almost unbelievable that these things are appening in the 20th century. It says something of the invindbility of the human spirit that even in these shacks, people still manage to make a lifeforthemselves- even inthese depressinganddeprivedcentres.' Bothexiles were appalledby the escalation of violence and crime. Mandla wonders why it hasgotsobadsinceFebruarylast year. Essop suggests that in situations of transition, 'there is an escalation in crime, because law and order break down'. But there is a more sirister, indeed grave, aspect. 'It seem to us that in certain areas criminals and thugs are working hand in hand with the police. As long as they are prepared to direct some of their fire and attention against theANC they are given a freer hand to operate. 'Once you engage with criminals against a political movement, you have ot to give those thugs and coisinals some leeway to continue with their criminal activity.' Both Essop and Mandla comment on the fact that in the mid-1980s, when street cominitees were functioning in the townships, the level of crime dropped considerably. Essop concludes: 'Until we have a democratic government and community policing, with the police operating within the framework of some kind of community accountability, the police arenot going to do their job." ** Nelson Mandela addresses the European Parliament 30 June 1990 Photo: European Partaeart 'For a negotiated solution to be just and lastind it must result in the transformation of South Africa into a united, democratic and non-racial country.' the undersigned members of the European Parliamentary Labour Party, fully support the European Parliament's antiapartheid policy and in particular, its commitment to a united, non-racial and democratic constitutional order. We pledge our support for the Anti-Apartheid Movement's 1991 campaign plans. RogerBarton, MEPSheffleld.John Bird, MEI'Midlands West. David Bowe, MEP CIevelandand Yorkshire North. Peter Crampton, MtPHumberside. ChristineCrawley, MEFBinnln ham East WayneDavid, MEPSouth Wales. Alan Donnelly, MEP yne and Wear. Michael Elliott, ME? London West. Glyn Ford, ME? Greater Manchester East Michael Hindley, MEP Lancashire East. Geoff Hoon, MEP Derbyshire. Stephen Hughes, MEP Durham. HenryMcCubbln, MEP North East Scoand. David Morris, ME? Mid and West Wales. Eddy Newman, MEP Oreater Manchester Central. Christine Oddy, MEP Midlands Central. Liew Smith, MEP Wales South East. George Stevenson, MEP Staffordshlre East. Ken Stewart, MEP Merseyside WesL Brian Simpson, ME? Cheshire East. Alex Smith, ME? Sou~rth of Scotland. John Tomlinson, MEP Birmingham West. [an White, MEP Bristol. *6a Joe Wilson,MEP NorthWales.TeryWynn, MEP Merseyside East., EUROPEANPAuAMENT 'One should accept that there have been changes in South Africa. It would be quite wrong to say the changes are only cosmetec. Theyare not. The fact that the ANC, SACP and PAC are actualiyunbanned, operatingas legal organisations is a great achievement - not onlyofthe people of SouthAfrica, but equally of the international community... 'I would ask the AAM in this country to appreciate thatalitheyearsofworkithas put n are now bearing fiu. If today in South Africa we can see the light at the end of the tunel, it Is because of the type of work that ordinary members of the AAM have put in. And really, we are very apprecLt&Ive ofthat.' Essop Pahad

ANT-APARnHEiD NEWS 0 MAY/JUNE 1991 7 Walvis Baytalks to resume ACCORDING TO the Namibian High Commission in London, on the eve of De Kierk's visit to Europe, Namibia's foreign minister, Theo Ben-Gurirab, wrote to his counterparts in BritainandIreland,DouglaslHurd and Gerry Collins, urging that theyraise the issue ofWalvisfBay withthe SouthAfrican president. Bilateral talks between Namibia and South Africa about the future of the enclave, which includes Namibia s only deepwater port, made an abortive start in March. A second roundof talks is expected to start on 13 May. British government officials claim that it is difficult for De Cunpalgs posticd on Walls Bay - fror CAN (tel: 071-729 7985) Klerk to hand back the port to Namibia because to do so would inflame right-wing whites, and require an amendment of South Africa's constitution. But if South Africa continues to block Namibia's attempts to resolve the matter bilaterally, the Wasdhoekgovermment mayraise the issue in the UN, which recognses that both the port and 12 offshore islands are an integral part of Nanmibian territory. Members of Church Action on Namibia joined a protest against De Klerk's visit on 26 April and distributed postcards calling on South Africa to hand over Walvis Bay EC clashes with Namibia over fishing rights F- SPANISH intec si appear to be dictatiog Erropea Community poicytowards Namriha's fishing industry. On 11 April the EC C issioe responsible for development, Spanish socialist Mlanuel Marn, abruptly announced that negotiations hetweenhetECscNdlfutbwavo fishing rgh. ihN~nabian wanwere being Suspended. This unexpecied and unusual action followed the conviction of five Spanish trawler captains in Winhqek for illicit poaching in Nantibian waters. They were heavily fined and their catches co, ted. There have been several other such incidents involving Spanishvessels, which were used to catching upwards of 200,00tones oflsh ayearin Namibii5 waters before independence. Now the governent in Windoek is trying to restore depleted fish stocks, and has proposed setting the total limit for this year at a low level of 60,000tons. Ofthis,9,000tornnes would be available to nonNamibian boats, with the EC entitled to 5,000 orumes. The EC, looking for alternatives to the badly depleted North Sea stocks, regards this as a totally unacceptable limit. The Spanish governmenthas made a full apology to Namibia, and declares itself opposed to illegal fishing. Commissioner Marin is expected to back down from a frtherclash with Namibia since the EC needs agreed access to Namibia's fish stocks. VISIT THE IDAF BOOKCENTRE NOW OPEN ON SATURDAYS! Canon Collins House 64 Essex Read, London NI 8LR (Angel tube, Essex Road British Rail, bus runtes 38, 73, 171A, 277) OPEN MONDAY TO FRIDAY 9.30A& TO 6Pm SATURDAY 10AM TO 5.30p Dear customer, Yes, we've made the opening times of the IDAF Bookeentre easier for everyone. Now that we have taken over the management of the International Defence and Aid Fund's shop, we are looking forward to welcoming you. You will find a wide range of books from and about Southern Africa, T-shirts, greeting cards, gift wrap, crafts, music, badges and posters. There are lots of bargains at the moment- T-shirts starting at £1 and cards at 10p! And, of course, a special offeron all IDAF Publications (for details see over). With best wishes AA Enterprises Postal address: PO Box 533, LONDON N1 8JE Tel: 071-354 3193 Fax: 071-354 9504 Zimbabwe artist against apartheid Two original 1991 Zimbabwean prints by Joseph Muzondo Zimbabwean sculptor and artist. Joseph has very kindly donated the proceeds from the sale of thee prints to the Anttpartheld movement. Framed Size 52 x 77 cm each Price £200 each Call Sian Bakewell on 071-387 7966 for further detais. A SENIOR Angolan army officer announced in April that South African Hercules C130 transport planes were dropping supplies atleast twice dailyinto Angola to bolster Unita forces engaged in a major offensive against the government along the strategic Benguela railway. According to the South African WeeklyMai4 the claim has been backed up by a team of conservation officerstworking in Botswana who have monitored reglaroverflightsinthedirection of Unita's base in Jamba. One of the team recorded three flights a night (except for Sunday) between 8 and 17 March. At the same time, the Botswana government has reported possible violationsof itsairspace by South African planes. South Africa persistently denies that it still supports Unita but only last month (see AA News April 1991) had to admit in the face of evidence that it keeps a team of ten SADF commni cations experts at Unita's headquarters. Last December Angola suspended the UN Special Relief Programme for three months because SouthAfricans had been using the convoys as cover to sendmilitary supplies and fuel to Unita. The Programme was only resumed after the UN had given farm guarantees that it would exercise stronger supervision in future. Farm tools and medical equipment to combat famine in Angola A 20FCONTAINERloadofbasic farm tools sent to Benguela Province by the Angola Famine Appealhasnowbeendistributed to peasants' associations and farmersfleeing Unita attacks and badly hit by the drought. The provincial governor, PauloJorge, who toldthe Famine Appeal organise thatsome rain had recently fallen in the area, spoke warmly of this 'testimony of solidarity'. The response to the Appeal has been so good that it has also been possible to buy medical equipment for a clinic which looksafternmalnourishedchildren Suscentral Anrgola Instruments for checking anaemia have already arrived there and a solar fridge for vaccines and two solar cookers are being purchased and will soon be shipped. A total of £15,000 has been raised so far. Any further donations will be used to buy medical supplies for children's clinics. Donations should be sentto: MAC Angola Famine Appeal, PO Box 839, London NW1 7EF. South Africans still supplying Unita

8 4TI-PARTHEID NEWS 9 MAY/JUNE 1991 WOKR N OT Ndoo on triål Transport union bu JAY NAIDOO, Cosatm general secrary, andthreeoherC}natu Martin Sebakwane (general secretary), Moses leadersareduetoappearicourt Moshoeshoe (vice presdent) and Jonas Makhavbu on 24 June on charges of the allegod kidnappig and ssul (t rer) were all re-elected to theirposis in March at of a police iformer last year. the third nationalcongress ofthe SouthAfrican Ralway The Vou were iniillycharged and Harbour Workers Union (Sarbwu). Visiting the ea-lyayearago. AAIIinLondon,theytalkedconfidently about tbe The regime has delayed the awesome task of building unity amongst South Afrlca's smnofherraluilshonlybefor transport uor . Alan MO, reports. costus anoual conference in July-probablyhoping that itwill dotetfrom,and disrupt,the SARHWU,whichisconference, affatedtothebiggest tradeunioncentm, S HW Educatotts iofthArcanaTe caifor end to ~rigr- ....p,dicit" tion tNa'o2f'(Near'i ] SCHOOtSiSou.thAfrima'sblack Council of Tade trships have lasses of 55 to ttons),andofailtlhe 60whlewhiteschoolshavespare j2 unions of white, capacityleadeofthebewouth Coloared and hndäan African Democratic Teachers' workers recogniset Union(Sadtu) told British unon byTrasnet-teant representatives dutaig a recent state company that visit to Brltaa hosted by the sunts South Africa' National Union of Teachets. railways and docks, sadtu president, Shepherd On the eve of the Mdladlaa. pointed out that congress Sarhwu although a few white schools leadciss, representing45,O0paid the backag of elernents in the were now adnirting black up mebeis, mer leaders of security ftrcea. Those living in childrn, the entay testa meant another Cosatu affiliate, the hosteL are ort at risk. And that ony a very few of the TGWU. with 27,000 members, naeetings after work are h!gitest woutdy ballowed in. adagreed an approach to the ticreasslg)y difBalt to hold at ]be union has laanched a process of merging thei unions the aIb of safe enyel and can palgn to end apartheid in ist one, seerevenues. edu.aionandisSeeking äSahwuhas ddthree Bertheunionhascotined recrgnition froma th1eucation naodisputes in as maany yeurs, to gr-at, and is inthufyiiog authorities. It has caled for which cost tives s utartTrarsaettohonour impred training for teachers and jobs. Th tiolencein o agrýeents rmadelast and a review of th role hool affecthngit-in .fl' .U_öoultinn whenSarhwnwonablody a t whohavethejobof m bersworkingao Itainssuffer hbatleforrecogni don bymnset. keepig a wateh on teachem' from sintstee ¢gdom acks by Th Congressalsag-edt.,tep poltical views anned kilemliveid to enjoy up the catmpaiga for the the iim ' l 0 o G1B working together for a United, democraic and non-racial South Africa OMB - RITANS GENERAL UNION ilds unity 1Nurses under threat release ofthe'Sarhwu Four' who are stl on death row. Sarhwu covers not only railways and docks, hat also airports and oil pipeltnes. It has members in Walvis Bay, cooperate .closely with the Narbiantnspt a tunion and is cantpigning for South Afrca to hand the pot back to Namibis. Attraeting white namembers into a predomiantly black ~ uniiu lsgneasier. There are several whias-oly unions i Trananet, bot they have no tradition of struggle for their members - who in timespastcouldcount n feather-bedding by the ate. Now, int"~ leaner times, the attrctions of a union that listens to its inembers ..d fights for thewr Interests are growing - especially as blacks now oumamher whites in the industry. Bur there are still manyn ightwing whites wokitng on the milways, who oppose what De Klark is doing or help Inkatha to attack the ANC and it allies. FACED with constant understafftng, anti-social working conditions, oppressive administrative structures and no paicipationindecision-making, South African nurses decided to take strikeaction to force change. 1990 saw the National Educaion., Health and Allied Workers Union (Nehawu) organiseawave of utrikes which forced the health authorites to come to the negotiattag table. Agreement was reached for the Commission for Adninisattion to draw up new employment Legislation for nurses. It seemed all was gotag wel. Bur in February this year the South African Nursing Council (Sanc) began dirciplinary proceedings against 81 nur~es who had taken pan in the strike actionwith therecommendatinn that they be suspended for three months. However, this was only the tip ofthe iceberg. Sanc iformed Nehawu lawyem that it intended [ Veteran Satu leader A.chie Säekl, haowo to many i Britain as Zola Ze[,e, was eected honurary presidett of Sathwu at White farmers demand child labour THE South Afracats Agricultural Union, which represen white faners and land ers, has asked th, D' Klerk relme to legalise childlabouThenun, which represents farmers and The proposals directy contra landowners, wrts it memhers vene the Intemational Labour to be able to employ children Organisation'scharterstipulating between the ages of 12 and 15 that fhe minimum workirg age and pay thema pocket moey' atis not be ess than 15 A UNITED, NON-DEMOCRATIC DEMOCRACY CANNOT BE BUILT UPON THE POLITICAL VICTIMS OF APARTHEID. FREE ALL POLITICAL PRISONERS NOWI Derrick Fullick, General Secretary 9 Arkwmght Road, Hampstead, London NW3 6AB . tHara SBann t tas mLU ur oaa and racava .FAST DIELIVERY ~EVCE > Gatd aI u a~d .a l byFlIsTCtLsSptSt . jtrEXCM~NG WELCOMD Sard ~rdan. tard nuern, and expirydata to: ~ MA Z 27r ~ 1. D.n.atm Nehrs MMII 4AA rptnnan an (0337)3'l 3, todicplineeverynuxetat tok pa in ithe strikes. This iron fist action has provoked countrywide demonstrations in support ofthe nurses. Nehawu is pressuring the CFA and the health authonties tostop the discipliary action. As weil As a complete upgradingofthecoumtry'sleaýLh care system, Nehawu is calling for all disciplinary charges to be wihdrawnalluspended nues to be reistated, restroctiring of the Sanc and freedom of association. LETIERS of support should be sent to Nehawu, PO Bot 7549, Johannesburg2000, SouthAfrica. Letters of protest shold be sent to Wilma Kote, Sanc, PO Box 0001, South Aftica. Copiesoftheletters, financial donations (payable to AAM (Nehawu)) and further inforsation via Richard Bielby, Trade Union Secretary, AANI, 13 Mandela Stsret, London.

ANTI-PARfTHEID NEWS * MAY/JUNE 1991 9 Death Row prisoners on hunger strike On 1May, inprotestat DeKlerk'sfailure to release them in terms of the Pretoria Minute, some 40 prisoners in Pretoria started a fast unto death'. MOST OF the hunger strikers are still on death row in Pretoria Central, but about 14 of them are former death row prisoners whose death sentences were comsatedrecentyrolongiterms ofpdstment.Theywerthen moved i nearbyPotoba Local Prison. Among them is ANC member Robert Mcride. Amongst the hunger strikers aretwo members of Unkhonto weSizwefl10, theANC's militasry wing, who were convicted of murderafternlantinalandmises a regional commander in MK, is reportedly refusing even water. Theirlawyers argue thattheir motivation was clearly political and that their actions were in fulftlsnent of commands fromtheirIKsu . Attomey Azhar Cachlia told Southsca- 'This is so obviously not a case inhabitinga grey area. It has never been argued that thesewereanythingbutsoldiers, that it is hard to Understand why they should not be released by 30 April' Families of the death row hunger stikers have decided to fast every Wednesday in solidarity, until the prisoners are released. "Like being at home and on holiday at the same time" Remote and comfortalse farm guest house with fantastic views, walking and birdwatehing. Home cooking, including vegetarian; own goat's milk, free range eggs, honey and spring water. Near National Centre for Alternative Technology, sea and mountains. Children welcome. Log fire and great books, dolls house, dressing up box and friendly animals. Talbontdrain Guest House, Uwchygarreg Machynllet Powys SY20 8RR Tel 0654 702192 WORLD WIDE TRAVEL COME TO PROGRESSIVE FOR ALL YOUR IRA EL NEEDS -n Book any operators' holidays, cruises or flights, call or phone for brochures and fast computerised bookings -Al air and car ferry tickets issued on demand - Special programmes and rates for groups planning their own tours (minimum 7) ' Join our own holiday or study toum to the USSR and the socialist countries (including China, Vietnam and Cuba) and to many other places abroad Progressive Tours Ltd TRAVEL ORGANMSERS TO THE LABOUR AND STUDENT MOVEMENTS 12 PORCHESTER PLACE, MARBLE ARCH, LONDON W2 2BS TELEPHONE 071 261 1676. TELEX 25135 IT IS A sign of the times in South Africa that prison visits to political prisoners are now easy to arrange. OnRobbenIslandformalities are surprsingly few. The bag of fruit we had taken as a gift was not even searched, and all the political prisoners are nowa owedcontactvisitsWe sat at a table with the man we had come to visit, Ebrahim [smailEbrahmi.anddiscussed the prisoners' position quite freely. It was clear that those inside thelail felt frustruated by the regime scontinueddelays, but hopeful that they would soon be released. The atmosphere was very different on death cow as Pretoria Jail, which I also visited. In Pretoria there were' bars from lonr to ceiling, three sets of them with padlocked gates; forms to fill in; bags removed; frisking; and no contact at all. I went in with halfa dozen ANC supporters, who were visiting the Upington 14, but soon got separated from them because I was visiting RobetMcBride, or perhaps because I was white and they were black. Visiting arrangements resembled a ticket office in a railwaystation, with prisoners separated from visitors by a counter. Between the bars, which were glassed in, we could see eachoerbut nottouh, and NH Release delays traumatic for prisoners and relatives 'FORpoitfcal prsonersand their families, the period since February 19911 has been traumatic, the worst,' said Naledi Tsilki. 'The anxieties and stress have been tremendous.' He was commenting on the delays and uncertainties surrounding the release of political prisoners, on the same day that De Kerk was brazenly claimng that his govemment had 'merielouslyadhered'to the timetable on releases, and that fewer than 200 plitical prisoners were sell boi8 held. The 35-year-old general seoetasyof the itron of s-Plitical risoners(mPP),who spent 12 years on Robben Island, told Ant-Apaetbid Newrstsathe had been released after leading last year's hunger strike which lasted 11 days. He had served most of his 14 year sentence. He stressed the critical importance of intemational soidarity -withouit 'the regime would not have responded so our hunger strike' which was aimed at speeding up the releases, hadtocommaunicatebyshouting through an antiquated-looking microphone contraption. The only restriction on discussion today is on prison conditions and the restrictions imposed by the complete lack of privacy for theAfricanswhoweresixvisitors and six prisoners in the same room, whereas Robert and I had a room to ourselves. Prisoners on death row may have daily visits and now have unrestricted mail. They are allowed newspapers but, vindictively, have still not been given study rights. Robert was full of questions about the outside world and particularly Irish affaim. He was fascinated by the recent electionof a woman, Mary Robinson, as Ireland's new President, especially when I told hin she was asponsorof the Irish Anti- Apartheid Movement. But behind the animated conversation one could feel a sense ofuncertaity and fear forthefutue. Sincemy visit, a committee has been set up to decide so-called 'difficult cases and there are expected to be about a hundred nanmes on the list. It is the apartheid regimewhichmakesth rles and the apartheid regime whichappointsthecommitee members. It is Incredible that those who perpetrated the crime of apartheid are, in spite of all the much-vaunted changes, still in the position of passing judgmento those who made suchhugesacrificestooplpoe apartheid. Since my visit, Ebrahim Ismail Ebrahim has been released, but Robert McBride andothersare likelytoremin in jail unless intemational pressure for their release is stepped up. * Louise Asal is of the Irish Anti-Apartheid Morement PUBLICATIONS AND KLIPTOWN BOOKS 35% DISCOUNT ... ON ALL STOCK for orders placed in May 1991 The IntereatiooalDefence andAidFndfor SouthernAfrica is to transfer in operations to South Africa for organisations there to resume its work from 30 June 1991. The Fund will close from this date. All publishing and production work has now ceased and international distribution of our materials is being phased out. We are giving Anti-Apartheid members and supporters a uique opportunity to purchase any items from the DAF PublicationsKliptown Books Catalogue at 35% discount. To take advantage of this offer simply send off the coupon below for a copy of our catalogue and retura the order form together with payment before 14 June 1991. Please send me a copy of the 1DAF/Kliptown Catalogue 1990/91. Name Address Return to lDAF PUBLICATIONS LTD. CANON COLLINS HOUSE, 64 ESSEX ROAD, LONDON NI 8LR TEL: 071-359 9181 FAX: 071-3544266 Visiting South Africa's jails TALBONTDRAIN GUEST HOUSE

10 ANTI-APARMEID NEWS 0 MAY/JUNE 1991 The Betrayal by Gillian Slovo, Michael Joseph, £ 13 On the brink of c TIE tide of Gillian Slovo's new, book, The Betrayal, is an accurmerilpionofitsthernes. Who has betrayed whom in the war for intelligence between the ANC and the SouthAfricansecret police? Theplotdevelopsamound the arrests and investigations of two lovers, Alan Lit ell, anANC cadre accused of spying, and Sarah Patterson, an anti-apartheid activist carrying out surveillance for the ANC in Johannesburg. Their interrogations aremirrored against one another, and are set in the context of tensions between both the ANC and the regime's interrogators. Both rress ase prompted by the mtitral attempts of the prolaganists to revisit the past of AlanLittel l But theinvestigations increasingly turn on the recollections of different charactem of an A S operation 99 hbk inge which was betrayed to the security forces and which rcsuedinthedeathofacharacter central to the lives of the players and the imprisonment on Robben Island of anotier. The different versions of event, leading up tothe failed operation and the gradual unvediig of levels of truth and deceit are developed well, and the paceandstoryline are strong enough to create a sup fnseul and exciting denouement. But the description of The Bettcat as a 'political Ciler' s optinintic. Th novel hovers a litile ureasily between the two tag , One of the few characters who is developed beyond a steretype, apart from Littel hir-sf, isthepolicecrhief- ,Man, aed, despite his tatment of Sarah Patterson, he is portrayed in an alnsost symipathetlc wayma he struggles to retain his anthority Theisanichere-diculty in setting a novel in an envitonment in which the truth may be more dramatic, and cetainly more rark, than the ficton. This is a problem which this novel has only partially Notwithstanding this, 7,e Betiayal give itinteresting insight into the nature of the sruaggle in I99 as both ANC and the regme wavered on the brok of change. Namibia- Free at ast? An Introductory Resource Pack, ODEC 1991 New Namibia resource pack THE penod since Namibla's independence in MarchI 1990 has been marked bya deth ofgood resource natenal dealing with the range of post independence issues which are deterniningthe fhture of the Nantibian people. Many publicatiosp produced before 1991, despite contaicang inportant arfornson, ar caught in a time-warp of preindependence language and understanding In this respect the Resource Pack produced by the Oxford Development Educatio Centre "a wecomeandimportantpuhlication. Aimed primaily at secondary school teachers, the pack consists of nine fact sheets and six case studies, with useful and detailerinotesitrteahers, aslide setandmapsaathed Although the pack is intended totie in with the National Curriculum, particuarly Geography, History, English and Citizenship courses, the pack can be adapted for use with church, youth, and literacy groups. The packisimaginatvelylaid out inaseriesoflarinatedfolded A3 sheets which are easy to reproduce. Photos, graphics and quotes help to make the information accessible. The issues taddedarethemostpressing now facing the Namibian people educaton, land reform, the snuggle for women's rights, the colonial nature of the economy. Also included are useful overviews of history and life in exile. There are some excellent ideas sor, as the 'Snakes and Baobab Trees' game which neariy ilistratesthe trinmphesandthepifalls on the path to independence. Two minor criticss are the lackof campaigning infornation for groups who will want to take the issues further and the lack of analysis of Briish and European responsibilities in the post- independence -period. Fox example, the issue of WVf1s Bay inthe light of the current awarenesof UN resolutions could have been highlighted Despite this, the pack is undoubtedly an excellent andaccessible addition to the range of education resources on Southern Africa. * Availablefrm ODEC Eat Oxford Communty Centre, Prince Street, Ox/bod OX41DD. LinlCif aiS eddn(,s The Now World Oeder.. The Third World: Noamn Chomsky; World Economics: A Gunder Frank: The GATT Talks: Kevin Watkins; USSR Policy to the Third World: I Belikov. ..,And the Implications for AfIca Eastern Europe: Eboe Hutchfuhl Sallm on the OA: Adiotey Bing; Response in the Maghreb to the Gulf: David Seddon, The Democracy Debate A New Europe: Consequences for Tanzania: AM Babu; New Democratic Politics: lsa Shivji; No Shortcuts to Democracy Jean Copans; A Critique of lifarisnLeninism: Carol Pearce. Sothem Africa IIS Policy and the War in Angola: Bill Minter; The Future of Southern Africa: William Martin: The End of the Cold War: John Saul. April 1991,168 pages, ISSN 0305-6244 Available from RPAPE Publications Ltd, Box 678, Sheffield S1 1BF UK Price £6.50. UNION OF COMMUNICATIONS WORKERS says De Klerkrelease all political prisoners allow the return of exiles repeal all security legislation SOUTH AFRICA: FREEDOM NOW! ALAN TUFFIN TONY CLARKE General Secretary DeputyGeneral Secretary UCW H,se, Crescent Lae, Claphaa, London SW4 9RN The industry and services union Park House 64 - 66 Wandsworth Common North Side London SW1 8 2SH FREEPHONE 0800 289819 Calls on De Klerk to: Repeal all repressive legislation Release all prisoners and alloWexiles to return Let a Constituent Assembly draw up a new constitution Stand down in favour of an interim government GIVE DEMOCRACY A CHANCE!

ANTI-APARTHEID NEWS 0 MAY/JUNE 1 1. LOCAL10 NEWSirg3 Crewe hear of women's ongoing struggle LULU XINGWANA, a worker for the Southern African Council of Churches and Christian Aid, spoke to the members of Crewe AntiApartheid about the current social and political situation in South Africa. She was able to give the group a clear understading of events from her frsthand experiences of a visit to the region and in particular of the :postion of SouthAfricanwomen. She told of the women's groups that are being established is the rural areas to train women so work in child care, leadership and literacy fields to overcome much neglect, not only in the political sphere, but also in the churches and ANC. Women played a vital part in protest marches, support for hunger strikers and in the mass democratic movement as a whole. Xingwana covered many other aspectsoftheSouthAfrican situation: the plight of political prisoners, the consequences of the repeal of the Land Acts, and the decision as to when to suspend sanctions. She concluded that justice is needed in the townships and peace will follow. People in Britain, she urged, should press for the maintenance of sanctionsandthe creation of a constituent assembly. In South Africa, she said, it is felt that the British governments insistence on the liffing of sanctions is so that they can pat money in their own pockets and to help the whites. Oldha M A m Michae M ad Oemocracya Chasa' Open Leattr Richmond supports Front Line States RICHMOND AA group Joined forces with Oxfam, to hold a public meeting in February on the food crisis facing the Front Line States in Southern Africa. The meeting featured a film by Oxfam on the situation followingthedroughtintheblack states, accompanied by a talk frn PeterBullock,Oxfis's area campaigns orgaraser, who describetd Osfam's work in the region. he drought has brought pitiful conditions again to many parts Of Africa,' Ian Bray, Richmond'sgroupsecretay, said. 'In countries like Mozambique, the South African government has fostered and actively supported armed insurrectionforyears,makingthe situation even worse than it would otherwise have been.' Give Democracy A Chance!National Day of Action round-up Local AA groups alover Britain TGWU, NALGO, 10SF, ANC, over 200 signatures to the took part in the national 'Give Aberdeen AA and Bob Hughes centre as well as at Labour P Democracy a Chance' day of UP. TheycontactedotherMPsn meefings and a Women's I action on Saturday 6 April iesareaandwrotetotheregional, event They passcd on ft Thousands of signatures were district and city councils. They Open Loners to all lSAs in collected at a local level with alsoreceivedcoveragefromloca locab y over6igroupsholdinghighstreet press and radio, Oldham AA organise, sign-instocomplement the Nuneaton AA organised a 'South Afic, 1991 -X circulation of the petition o 'sponsored demo' (ie a Prospects For Freed 20,000 individuals and several sponsored walk with regional conference hundredorganisations placards)which Aprilwhichincorpon MP Willa wilnarrtoge'1" Thedaycoincidedwithmass receiveda *i mostAAgroupainthelN actioninSouthAfricatolaunch brief L Westandincludedaph anOpenLtertoWdelaerk callwiththemainspeaBirmingham Thefeedback wereceivedfrom atthe conference. local groups demonstrated thet OtherAAgroupswho keepsupthe activistsrespondedtothe actonon6Aprilicla pressure campaigninanimaginavtieway CamdenTynesideNotting which worked well with Brent Hamilton, Mid Wales, BIRMINGHAM Anti-Apartheidis membersofthepublic,MPs(of WalthamForest. maintainingthepressurethrough all political persuasions) and avarietyofarnvitiesandprotests. local dignitaries. hianythuankstoall Localmemberswereoutonthe Oxford,Wantageand group, mad members streetsthroughoutAprilcollect BanburyAAcollectedover700 . ethedayareseslu ing signatures for the Call to signatures including Oxford- suc ss, Freedom open letter. shireMPs,theitRevdRichard '"Thancsalsotot Localnewspaperswerealso Harries,BishopofGordand ogatlsation w invited to publish a letter from ProfessorDorothyHodgkinOM, negaied activity around the group, marking the aniver- NobelPrizewinner.They mention 'GiveDemocracyaCli saryofNamibia'sindependence, received good media coverage in the local campaign, including and highlighting the problems throughout the day. press. EducationalInstituteoflSlk currentlybeing faced by the ColchesterAAheldastallwith Bristol AA orga- Banking Insurance and Fma Narniblans Gold pickets were music and collected several nised a placard display along Union, Union of We also happening, outside Argos, hundedsignatures;theyalsomet themainstreets in the citywhich Independents, CommunistP with the local store worred by theirlocalMPsandreceivedgood gave details of all the points ofGreat Brain, NelsonlMai the adverse publcity press coverage- coveredintheOpenLter. They Reception Committee Brit The group is clearthat it still AberdeenAAheldactionson collectedover 300signaturesand Caribbean Labour Solida hasmouchwork todo.Itisdeter successive Saturdays presenting held a sign-in with prominent Union of Shop and Distribs mined to ensure that the people openletters to MPs for Aberdeen people including the Lord Mayor. andAlliedWorkers, Broadca oflBirminghamwillassisttheANC North and South, Bob Hughes Theyalsoreceived supportfrom and Entertainment Tra in the final stages of the process and Frank Dorm. On Friday 5 theirlocalMPV, reportsinthelocal Alliance, AA Enterprises ant to a free, united, non-racial and April they organiseda photo-cal press and to radio interviews. Msnufactuing, Science democratic South Africa. with representatives from the Southampton AA collected Finance Union. ity aty Day led the da 'hat Som' .s6 ,ted orth oto Look ded and iog rho the sce' shre mnd, ance esh 'arty dela ain, rity, uive ting des dthe and In last and Jldy sf this year Local AnSi-Apartheid Groups across the county toil-snre again ho holdlng a variety of sponsored evests is a national annual eltort to raise~f ndsth The Asti-Aparthei Movemnts appeals to all members and supporters hi contact their Local Gmoups and to girt support tO the Freedom Events. Check y'our area fur activites and contact Sian BakewenlI at AMM HG (071 -3t7 5977) tot further details. ABERDEEN Sposoedt Walk in June. Contact BevedeyGrahamon0224-$25264. BIRMINGHAM Soweto Walk on 16 June. Contact lirlonghai Anti- Apartheid office on 021-440 2623. BLACKBURN & DARWEN Possible fundraising activities in June/July. Contact David Heaton on 0254-774 526. BRADFORD A possible sponsored walk in June. Contact Peter Neiwman so 0274490040. BRIGHTON =oss)Le fundraiing disco. Soweto Walk on 16 June. Contact Jo Emery on 0272-241 577. CAMBRIDGE Sponsored Cycle Ride on 16 June. Contact Stnve Flanders on 0223314054. IPSV6CH Possible fundraising event in Jne/ July. ContactMartin Bonfil onl473227 375. LEEDS A Soweto Walk on Sunday 16 lune. African disco/social on Friday 21 une, 7.10, at the West Indian Centre, by Savile Mount, Leeds 7. Contact Peter Pillay on 0532-367264. LONDON -BROCKWELL PARK Freedom Run g Aerobothion Energy Sum Up 6 plus live music, stalls and children's activities. Call the Freedom Rae hotline an 071-387 9186 at Sian Babewell aAAM HQ .on 071 387 8977. LONDON - CAMDEN Annual sponsored walk on Hampstead Heath on Sunday 7 July. Contact Det Glyn on 071-794 3546. LONDON - CHISWICK Freedom Event in lune. Plus a fundraising flag day on 29 June. Contact Peter Nathan on 081-994 8049. LOwEtOT O Walk on 19 May. Contact Stan Smith on 0502-511 678. MERSEYSIDE Possible fundraising event in July/ August. ContactJohn Williams on 051 709 395 x215. NOTTINGHAM A sponsored Freedom Event n 16 June. Coll Marguerite Oldham on 0773-760205. OLDHAM Sponsored walk on 16 June. 1100pm at the Dove Stones Reservoir - a 10-mile walk or run and a 3-mile walk or un. Contact Craigluthedand on 061-2286400. SOMERSET & WEST DORSET Soweto Walk in June. Contact Teresa Cooper on 0935-22892. SOUTHAMPTON Soweto Walk 16 June. Fundralsing social, 6 loy 8pm at 10 Banister Gdns,Southampton.ContactDaid Smith, 0703-557 360. TYNESIDE Mid-summer cabaret in lune. Contact Nell Canavan on 091-222 1463. WALES Soweto Walk on 16 June. Route: Nash Point - Heritage Coast. Contact Hanif Bamlee on 0222499 769, WANSBECK Fundraising event in lune/July. CotactJoe Lewison 0670-853619. PLUS other areas foe possbde events will bem NATURAL FRIENDS The friendship agency if you seek other sincere people who share your important concerns. Plea- oonitact NATURAL FRIENDS .AA, 15, Benyon Ge admn, CtilonBuryL S.Edemids. OSRok IP28 6EA (susw-PI1. TEL 0294-728315 anytima Hackney AA and AAM London Committas Benefit at Hactney Empire with San Hughes Kevin McAleer Bob Boyton Felix Thobin Mark Steel Alan Parker Urban Warder MC - Ivor Dembina June 9, Hackney Empise, ed Street, E9 Proceeds RD be Softitweeinn ARM I anid AN0. Isfingais t t" m Aiiirea 9 Bad (2nd fien lft) amid lRelon Ba l (2d tram dill Join AMC daolf ra Iadfistin aR (bad t) In ailling the ,Gie Danocracy a Chaler' Peii on Batauda 6 AIR. Tan Sbtt of BDAF (Ift)and Banry Feinbegt of lOAF (central al. took part In the puis 24" atside the lOAF Boaktstra 21I MARE STREET E LONDON UMIERE

12 ANTI-APARWND NEWS MAY/ANE 1891 AM~L MEMBERS'NPE"WLETTBR Dear Member, Thursday I 16 May SelContra, London. CCttAAM HQfor detaf Stop the Violeacel Theneedforthe regimetoacttostop the violence has become the most urge isue. Again presre on the regime is needed, detanding that it responds positivelyto he propossmadebythe ANCbeforethe9May dadline/TheAAM National Committee meets two days later on 11 May to work out a special new initiative to give momentum to the Emergency Campaign to stop the Violence and Repression. Please contact Mandela Street for details after 13 May. GIe Democracy A Chancel And on Saturday 18 May the London AA Conmittee will be staging actions aimed at persuading retailers Argos to stop selling South African gold products. Regional conference The programme of regional conferences is now completed and has provedtobeamostsuccessful initiative. Our thanks to all whohelped organise them and especially all the members who made theefforttoattend. The conferencesprovided an oppottunity to plan for the 'twinning'between AAM and ANC regions. This twinning is already getting off the ground well. The Wales AAM had a good boost for their efforts with a visit by the former UDF leader, Trevor Manuel, who is now publicity secretary of the ANC in the Western Cape - with which WAAM is twinned, WE ARE writing this Newsletter on 1 May - the day following the deadline agreed by the South Africa regime for the renioval of all obstacles to negotiations, and eight days before the date by which the regime should respond to the ANCs 'open letter' calling for urgent action to stop the violence. As we write, the situation in the black townships looks dangerously close to the flashpoint of a major catastrophe. Never before has the entire 'peace process' been under such a threat. De Klerk has broken his promises over the release of prisoners and the return of exiles and has justified his action in the traditional style of the National Party - by blatant lies. Even more seriously lie has tolerated a situati which violence has become aImust endem c in thetownshipsofTramval as well as inNatal. He has jgnaore repeated warnings of planned.astacks and dismisset out of hand the constructive proposals the ANC National Executive Comitept forward at the beginning of April. It begins to appear almost as though he wants to drive the ANC out of the peace process' - a foolhardy and shortsighted strategy which could plunge the country into aworse crisis than it ever suffered in the heyday of old-style apartheid. Unless the obstacles to negotiations are removed and effective action taken to curb the violence there seemstobe littleprospect thatthe 'peace process' can go forward. The consequences could be tragic. The Anti-Apartheid Movement is committed to do its utmost to help ensure that thtpeace process' succeeds - precisely because it still provides the best prospect of securing a genuine end to apartheid and the creation of a united, non-racial anddemocratic SouthAfrica. Wehope that our members and supporters can respond to suggestions for action in this Newsletter solhat we can all play our part in getting the 'peace process' back on track. Remove the obstaclea to ategotlatiosl The 30 April deadline has come and gone with hundreds of political prisoners still incarcerated and thousands of exiles still unable to return to South Africa. The internationally respected 'Lawyers for HumanRiglhts' descrilbed the attitude of F W de tterk as 'not only highly destructive but dishonest' (see page 5 for full details). Mounting internal and international pressure in the run-up to the deadline compelled the regime to start to release hatches of prisoners. We now need to sustain this pressure. This is of utmost importance, not least because scores of political prisoners have gone on hunger strike 'to the death' or until they are released. We are planning a majorcampaign in solidarity with the hunger strikers. You can help immediately by writing to your MP asking her/ him what they are doing to insist that the South African regime honours its commitments to release all political prisoners, and by writing to local papers to call attention to the issue. The Chair of SATIS, Geoffrey Bindman, has flown out to South Africa to observe the appeal bythe Upington 14 and to gatherevidence on the release of political prisoners. On his return he wiladdress a briefing meeting on 30May. Contact Claire McMaster at Mandela Street for details. Update to keep our members and V briefed we are producing a ngto be known as 'South Africa rst one was produced in April, gestamped addressed envelope nof at least 5op) ifyou would like is hitting the AAM as much as so please help us with our ats. There are two simple ways First, try and sell as many raffle ble - and send the moneya d the draw on 24 May. u live in London or nearbywhy 30 June in your diary and start rship for the Freedom Run. For those who don't like running, there's also a sponsored exercise bike'energybumnup' an Nelson Mandela and FWdeKlerk aerobthon(o oraerobicto inLondon IfyouhaVemisplacedtheformsentoutlast month, phone Sian Bakewell at Mandela Stret. The lastweek of April saw bothNelson Mandela and De lerkin London. Mandela was on abrif stop- overduringwhich he met the Prime Minister and Neil Kinnock. Atan informal social gathering hosted by Oliver Tambo and attended by Archbishop Huddleston, Bob Hughes MP and other representatives ofthe AAM, NelsonMandela stressed his gratitude for the support which the people of Britain had provided to the freedom struggle. De Klerk came with a different objective - a PR exercise to ry and con support for his 'new South Afica'andinparticularto peuadebankers and investors to lift sanctions. Again thanks to all those who rallied at short notice to attend the protests organised. EC sanctions stay in force The Danish parliamenthas succeeded in stopping the European Community from lifting the sanctions which the EC foreign ministers agreed on 15 April should now be lifted (the bans on imports of iron and steel and of gold coins). This showed the importance of our ongoing campaigns on sanctions. However, the lBritish government now Wants the oil embargo and financial sanctions to be lifted It WOuld be very useful if members could write to their MEPs urging them to try and get the European Parliamenttowelcome the decision ofthe Danish parliament and to oppose any further relaxation of sanctions. At the Shell AGM on 16 May campaigners in Britain and Hollandwill be pressingthe company to supportthe 'peace process' and respect the oil embargo (details from Richard Bielby at HQ). Staff As explained in the last Newsletter, we have had to start the process of 'shming down' the AAM HQ to the levels of staff we had before the Mandela Concert in 1988. We agreed a 'redundancy package' with the staff's union, ACTS, and five of the staff took voluntary redundancy during April: Daisy Babajide, Paul Brannen, Lucy Clapp, Karen Livingstone and Ruth Marzetti. We are very grateful for all that they contributed towards the work of the AAM whilst on the staff and wish them well in the future. We are now examining how best to maintaintheserviceandsupportforoUrmembaers in the newsituation, and will keep you briefed in future Newsletters. PS: Veteran anti-apartheid campaigner Dr Bcyes Naude, former general secretary of the South African Council of Churches, will be speaking at the Methodist Central Hall, Westminster at 3pmo on Sunday 9 June The AAM office at 13 Mandela St, London NWl, is normally open to callers as follows: Monday to Friday 1.00pm-5.3Opm, If you wish to see a specific member of staff, please 'phone 071-387 7966 to make an appointment. Thanks to all our members who responded so South AfrIca positively to the 'Open Letter' to John Major and especially to the local groups who organised a As a new stel series of imaginative activities to generate supporters fulb publicityandsupport forthecampaign. It played four-page Brief an invaluable role in getting across the case for Update'. The the removal of the obstacles to negotiations and Please send al for a Constituent Assembly and Interim (withadonatior Government. Local groups which were able to one. arrange meetings with their MPs discovered an encouraging level of support from Conservative MPs. The'Open Letters'thatwere returneddirectly Fundraisltg to Mandela Street were delivered to Downing Street on the morning of John Major's meeting The recession with F W de Klerk. everyone else, We are now planning how best to take this fundrasing effr campaign forward. The National Committee will you can help. t be considering proposals for a 'Vote for tickets as possi Democracyin SouthAfrica'cipaignasafurlher stubs in before way of mobilising support for the democratic Second, if yc demands beingput forward bytheliberation not put Sundaymovementin SouthAfrica. getting sponsor -CIOS -GIS -7OO I June Conac AM HQ for data Sunday 30 June 3rcwei Parlr ondo CallFee Ram houllhe on 071-387a6 TO JOIN THE ANTI-APARTHEID MOVEMENT SEE PAGE 2 I