Indian Archaeology 1969-70 a Review

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Indian Archaeology 1969-70 a Review INDIAN ARCHAEOLOGY 1969-70 —A REVIEW EDITED BY B. B. LAL Director General Archaeological Survey of India ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI 1973 Cover: The Archaeological Survey. Of India, in collaboration with the Royal Afghan Government, has undertaken a programme of conservation and preservation of the famous rock-cut Buddhist shrines (third-sixth centuries A.D.) containing images of the Small and the Big Buddha and the mural paintings. The photo- graph shows the work in progress in the shrine of the 38-m. high Small Buddha. 1973 COPYRIGHT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA GOVERNMENT OF INDIA Price: Rupees Twenty PRINTED AT NABA MUDRAN PRIVATE LTD., CALCUTTA-4. PREFACE The Review for 1968-69, which was press-ready in August 1969, could see the light of the day only towards the end of 1971. This has been due to many reasons which I need not go into here. But I would certainly like to apologize to the readers for this inordinate dealy. For the same reasons, the subsequent numbers have also been delayed. The present number is now likely to be out by the end of this year, while that for 1970-71 about the beginning of the next. Very soon I would be relinquishing the charge of my office and hope that my suc- cessor will have a better luck with the publication schemes which have got stuck up for inordinately long periods. I would like to express my gratitude 10 all those who have supplied the data for inclusion in the present number. I would also like to thank Dr. G. S. Gai and Sarvashri B. K. Thapar, Krishna Deva, R. Sen Gupta, M. C. Joshi, K. S. Ramachandran, N. C. Ghosh, B. M. Pande, W. H. Siddiqi and S. R. Varma for the help they have so kindly given me in the publication of this issue. B. B. LAL New Delhi June 2, 1972 CONTENTS PAGE I. Explorations and excavations ... ... .... ..; .... ... \ Andhra Pradesh, 1; Assam, 1; Bihar, 2; Delhi, 4; Gujarat, 6; Jammu and Kashmir, 10; Kerala, 13; Madhya Pradesh, 16; Maharashtra, 17; Mysore, 29; North East Frontier Agency, 30; Orissa, 30; Punjab, 30; Rajasthan, 32; Tamil Nadu, 34; Uttar Pradesh, 35. II. Epigraphy ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 45 Sanskritic and Dravidic inscriptions, 45. Andhra Pradesh, 45; Gujarat, 45; Jammu and Kashmir, 46; Madhya Pradesh, 47; Maha- rashtra, 48; Mysore, 49; Tamil Nadu, 50. Arabic and Persian inscriptions, 51. Delhi, 51; Madhya Pradesh, 51; Rajasthan, 52; Uttar Pradesh, 53; West Bengal, 55. III. Numismatics and treasure-trove ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 56 Gujarat, 56; Maharashtra, 56; Orissa, 57; Rajasthan, 57; Tamil Nadu, 58; Tripura, 58; Uttar Pradesh, 58. IV. Other Important Discoveries ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 59 Bihar, 59; Gujarat, 59; Delhi, 59; Haryana, 59; Kerala, 59; Madhya Pradesh, 60; Maharashtra, 60; Mysore, 60; North East Frontier Agency, 60; Orissa, 60; Rajasthan, 61; Tamil Nadu, 61; Tripura, 61; Uttar Pradesh, 62; West Bengal, 62. V. Radiocarbon dates .., ... ... .., ... ..; ... ... 63 Andhra Pradesh, 63; Gujarat, 63; Himachal Pradesh, 65; Kerala, 65; Madhya Pradesh, 65; Maharashtra, 66; Minocoy Island, 66; Mysore, 67; Rajasthan, 67; Tamil Nadu, 68; Uttar Pradesh, 68; West Bengal, 69. VI. Museums ... .., ... ... .., ... .., ... ... 70 VII. Architectural Survey of temples ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 78 Northern Region, 78; Southern Region, 78. VIII. Preservation of monuments ... ... .., .., .., ... 84 Monuments of National Importance, 84. Central Circle, 84; Eastern Circle, 85; Frontier Circle, 87; Mid-eastern Circle, 87; Northern Circle, 88; North-western Circle, 89; South-eastern Circle, 93; Southern Circle, 93; South-western Circle, 96; Western Circle, 102. Monuments maintained by States, 104. Assam, 104; Gujarat, 104; Kerala, 105; Maharashtra, 106; Orissa, 106; Rajasthan, 106; Tamil Nadu, 106. IX. Expedition Outside India ... ... ... • - -., ... ... 108 X. Archaeological Chemistry ... ... ..., .., ... .., 109 Treatment of Monuments and Paintings, 109. Bihar, 109; Delhi, 109; Gujarat, 109; Kerala, 109; Madhya Pradesh, '109; Maharashtra, 110; Mysore, 110; Orissa, 110; Punjab, 111; Tamil Nadu, 111; Uttar Pradesh, 111; West Bengal, 111. Treatment of Excavated objects and Museum exhibits, 111. Analyses and research, 111. XI. Archaeological gardens ... ... ... ... ... ••, ... ... 113 Andhra Pradesh, 113; Assam, 113; Bihar, 113; Delhi, 113; Goa, 114; Gujarat, 115; Kerala, 115; Madhya Pradesh, 115; Maharashtra, 115; Mysore, 115; Orissa, 116; Rajasthan, 116; Uttar Pradesh, 117. XII. Publications ... ... ... ... ..-. ; 1 1 8 Publications of the Survey, 118. Other publications, 118. (v) INDIAN ARCHAEOLOGY 1969-70 —A REVIEW 1. EXPLORATIONS AND EXCAVATIONS ANDHRA PRADESH 1. EXCAVATION AT BHATTIPROLU, DISTRICT GUNTUR.—With a view to ascertaining the structural features of the Buddhist stupa at the site, a small-scale excavation was conducted by Dr. R. Subrahmanyam of the South-eastern Circle of the Archaeological 1 Survey of India. The excavation revealed that the stupa was built of bricks (size: 45 X 30 X 8 cm.), the dome masonry being in receding concentric circles. It had ayaka-platforms surmounted by pillars at the four cardinal points. Resting over the drum of" the stupa, around the rise of the dome was a 1.3-m. wide pathway. Remains of a railing were noticed around the stupa. The upper five metres or so of the original dome have disappeared. According to Alexander Rea, who had conducted excavation at the site as early as 1892, the stupa was star-shaped on plan with a hollow in the centre and with a recorded diameter of approximately 44 m. During the present excavation, however, the diameter was actually found to be 47 m. The excavation also laid bare two wings of the vihara attached to the stupa. Each wing consists of a set of four rooms, measuring 2.75 x 1.8 m., with a common front verandah and an entrance on the east. Besides, a square cell with semi-circular walls on the three sides, representing possibly the earliest form of the chaitya-griha in Andhra Pradesh, was also found. A stucco head of the Buddha (pl. IA) and a stone sculpture of a seated nagaraja (pl. IB) were obtained from this area. Besides, sherds of the Black-and-red and Red Polished Wares were also recovered. 2. EXPLORATION IN DISTRICT KRISHNA.—During the course of his exploration around Akiripalli in Taluk Nuzvid, Shri T.V.G. Sastri of the South-eastern Circle of the Survey found a neolithic celt from a field to the north-west of the village. He also noticed megalithic burials in the mountain-slopes to the north of the village. ASSAM 3. EXPLORATION IN DISTRICT GARO HILLS.—Under the auspices of the Department of Anthropology, University of Gauhati, Prof. M. C. Goswami and Dr. T. C. Sharma, assisted by Sarvashri Harish Chandra Sharma and Sankar Kumar Roy explored areas 1 The Archaeological Survey of India is referred to in the following pages as the ‘Survey’. 1 INDIAN ARCHAEOLOGY 1969-70—A REVIEW of the Arbella range and located three Stone Age sites at fl) Selbalgiri, Locality 3 (Mokbol-Chiring), (ii) Michimagiri, and (iii) Michimagiri, Locality 1. Selbalgiri, Locality 3 (Mokbol-Chiring) lies about 3 km. from the village of Selbalgiri, on way to Michimagiri. The site was covered by dense vegetation, forbidding a thorough investigation of the area. However, a good collection of artefacts was made, which included implements of the Early and Late Stone Ages. The tools were less rolled as compared to those from other sites in the Garo Hills. Michimagiri is situated on the slope of a hillock, about 4 km. from Selbalgiri. On the northern slope of this hillock, which shows an eroded surface, a large number (over six hundred) of heavily weathered and rolled stone tools were found. These belonged variously to the Early, Middle and Late Stone Ages as also to the Neolithic assemblage. Michimagiri Locality 1 lies on a hillock, locally known as Watri Abri, at a distance of about 1 km. from the village. Over one hundred tools, variously belonging to the Early, Middle and Late Stone Ages, and to the Neolithic Age were collected from the site. Typologically, the collection from the above-mentioned sites comprised the following groups: -(i) large, roughly-flaked heavy tools such as choppers, handaxes, discs and picks; (ii) small tools, mainly on flakes detached from large prepared cores of doleritic basalt, such as scrapers, points, borers, etc.; (iii) microliths, made on thin flakes, comprising parallel-sided blades, small scrapers, points, arrow-heads (?), etc.; and (iv) chipped and ground celts and flakes, blades and arrow-heads, in association with a crude, hand-made pottery. BIHAR 4. EXCAVATION AT CHAMPA, DISTRICT BHAGALPUR.—The Department of Ancient Indian History and Archaeology, University of Patna, under Professor B. P. Sinha, undertook excavation at Champa, situated about 5 km. west of Bhagalpur. Besides the impartation of training in field-archaeology to the post-graduate students, the principal objective of the excavation was to determine the location of the ancient city of Champa, mentioned in early Taina literature as one of the six important cities of the time of Maha-vira and Buddha. The eastern portion of the mound, which was somewhat less disturbed than the other three, was selected for the operations. With a view to determining the nature of the defences, a trench, measuring 36 X 4 m., was laid out. The excavation revealed a mud rampart, divisible into two phases. In the earlier phase, it was of blackish soil capped by a rubble spread. A large number of terracotta sling-balls, charcoal pieces, showing fibres of burnt bamboos, and ash were noticed in the deposit. Other associated finds included a few copper cast coins, black-slipped and grey wares and a few sherds of the Northern Black Polished Ware (abbreviated in the following pages as N. B. P. Ware). In the later phase, the defences were built of yellow and red soils, with an embankment of brick debris, possibly to prevent scouring by water.
Recommended publications
  • Feasibility Report for the Proposed 100 MW Wind Power Project in Gujarat
    Feasibility report for the proposed 100 MW wind power project in Gujarat Prepared for Gujarat State Petrolem Corporation Limited Project Report No. 2008RT07 The Energy and Resources Institute October 2008 Feasibility report for the proposed 100 MW wind power project in Gujarat Prepared for Gujarat State Petrolem Corporation Limited Project Report No 2008RT07 w w w .te ri in .o rg The Energy and Resources Institute © The Energy and Resources Institute 2008 Suggested format for citation T E R I. 2008 Feasibility report for the proposed 100 MW wind power project in Gujarat New Delhi: The Energy and Resources Institute. [Project Report No. 2008RT07] For more information Project Monitoring Cell T E R I Tel. 2468 2100 or 2468 2111 Darbari Seth Block E-mail [email protected] IHC Complex, Lodhi Road Fax 2468 2144 or 2468 2145 New Delhi œ 110 003 Web www.teriin.org India India +91 • Delhi (0) 11 Contents Page No. Suggested format for citation ........................................................................................ 4 For more information.................................................................................................... 4 Executive summary....................................................................................................... 1 1. Methodology adopted for Feasibility Study.............................................................. 4 2. Renewable energy..................................................................................................... 4 3. Wind energy ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Unclaimed Dividend Details of 2019-20 Interim
    LAURUS LABS LIMITED Dividend UNPAID REGISTER FOR THE YEAR INT. DIV. 2019-20 as on September 30, 2020 Sno Dpid Folio/Clid Name Warrant No Total_Shares Net Amount Address-1 Address-2 Address-3 Address-4 Pincode 1 120339 0000075396 RAKESH MEHTA 400003 1021 1531.50 104, HORIZON VIEW, RAHEJA COMPLEX, J P ROAD, OFF. VERSOVA, ANDHERI (W) MUMBAI MAHARASHTRA 400061 2 120289 0000807754 SUMEDHA MILIND SAMANGADKAR 400005 1000 1500.00 4647/240/15 DR GOLWALKAR HOSPITAL PANDHARPUR MAHARASHTRA 413304 3 LLA0000191 MR. RAJENDRA KUMAR SP 400008 2000 3000.00 H.NO.42, SRI VENKATESWARA COLONY, LOTHKUNTA, SECUNDERABAD 500010 500010 4 IN302863 10001219 PADMAJA VATTIKUTI 400009 1012 1518.00 13-1-84/1/505 SWASTIK TOWERS NEAR DON BASCO SCHOOL MOTHI NAGAR HYDERABAD 500018 5 IN302863 10141715 N. SURYANARAYANA 400010 2064 3096.00 C-102 LAND MARK RESIDENCY MADINAGUDA CHANDANAGAR HYDERABAD 500050 6 IN300513 17910263 RAMAMOHAN REDDY BHIMIREDDY 400011 1100 1650.00 PLOT NO 11 1ST VENTURE PRASANTHNAGAR NR JP COLONY MIYAPUR NEAR PRASHANTH NAGAR WATER TANK HYDERABAD ANDHRA PRADESH 500050 7 120223 0000133607 SHAIK RIYAZ BEGUM 400014 1619 2428.50 D NO 614-26 RAYAL CAMPOUND KURNOOL DIST NANDYAL Andhra Pradesh 518502 8 120330 0000025074 RANJIT JAWAHARLAL LUNKAD 400020 35 52.50 B-1,MIDDLE CLASS SOCIETY DAFNALA SHAHIBAUG AHMEDABAD GUJARAT 38004 9 IN300214 11886199 DHEERAJ KOHLI 400021 80 120.00 C 4 E POCKET 8 FLAT NO 36 JANAK PURI DELHI 110058 10 IN300079 10267776 VIJAY KHURANA 400022 500 750.00 B 459 FIRST FLOOR NEW FREINDS COLONY NEW DELHI 110065 11 IN300206 10172692 NARESH KUMAR GUPTA 400023 35 52.50 B-001 MAURYA APARTMENTS 95 I P EXTENSION PATPARGANJ DELHI 110092 12 IN300513 14326302 DANISH BHATNAGAR 400024 100 150.00 67 PRASHANT APPTS PLOT NO 41 I P EXTN PATPARGANJ DELHI 110092 13 IN300888 13517634 KAMNI SAXENA 400025 20 30.00 POCKET I 87C DILSHAD GARDEN DELHI .
    [Show full text]
  • English Practice Papers for LIC Assistant Prelims 2019
    English Practice Papers for LIC Assistant Prelims 2019 Directions (1-5): Rearrange the following seven sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E), (F) and (G) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below. (A) To put it in perspective, there have been 38 attempts so far by other countries to land a rover on the moon and have succeeded only a little more than half the time. (B) The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) came tantalizingly close to creating history in the early hours of September 7. (C) While it is unfortunate that the lander failed to safely touchdown, it is apt to remember that ISRO was attempting powered landing for the first time. (D) The robotic lander Vikram followed the predetermined descent trajectory and came just within 2 km of the lunar surface before contact was lost. (E) This April, Israel’s Beresheet lunar lander crashed to the lunar surface. (F) But early January this year, China’s Chang’e-4 touched down on the lunar far side and deployed the Yutu-2 rover to explore the South Pole-Aitken Basin. (G) In Vikram, the velocity was successfully reduced from about 6,000 km per hour at the start of the descent at 35 km altitude to a few meters per second before communication snapped. Q1. Which of the following should be the first sentence after rearrangement? (a) B (b) D (c) A (d) F (e) C Q2. Which of the following should be the third sentence after rearrangement? (a)G (b)F (c)D (d)C (e)A Q3.
    [Show full text]
  • Invasive Alien Plants an Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent
    Invasive Alien Plants An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent EDITED BY I.R. BHATT, J.S. SINGH, S.P. SINGH, R.S. TRIPATHI AND R.K. KOHL! 019eas Invasive Alien Plants An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent FSC ...wesc.org MIX Paper from responsible sources `FSC C013604 CABI INVASIVE SPECIES SERIES Invasive species are plants, animals or microorganisms not native to an ecosystem, whose introduction has threatened biodiversity, food security, health or economic development. Many ecosystems are affected by invasive species and they pose one of the biggest threats to biodiversity worldwide. Globalization through increased trade, transport, travel and tour- ism will inevitably increase the intentional or accidental introduction of organisms to new environments, and it is widely predicted that climate change will further increase the threat posed by invasive species. To help control and mitigate the effects of invasive species, scien- tists need access to information that not only provides an overview of and background to the field, but also keeps them up to date with the latest research findings. This series addresses all topics relating to invasive species, including biosecurity surveil- lance, mapping and modelling, economics of invasive species and species interactions in plant invasions. Aimed at researchers, upper-level students and policy makers, titles in the series provide international coverage of topics related to invasive species, including both a synthesis of facts and discussions of future research perspectives and possible solutions. Titles Available 1.Invasive Alien Plants : An Ecological Appraisal for the Indian Subcontinent Edited by J.R. Bhatt, J.S. Singh, R.S. Tripathi, S.P.
    [Show full text]
  • The Best Heritage Hotels of Gujarat
    MARCH 2012 Royal THE BEST HERITAGE HOTELS OF H o l i d a y s GUJARAT Covers THE BEACH AT MANDVI PALACE RIVERSIDE PALACE PHOTOGRAPHS BY DINESH SHULKA NORTH GUJARAT 6 BALARAM PALACE RESORT 7 VIJAY VILLAS 8 BHAVANI VILLA 9 DARBARGADH POSHINA Champaner, a CENTRAL GUJARAT UNESCO World Architecture at the 11 THE HOUSE OF MG Heritage Site Adalaj stepwell in ARTS REVERIE Central Gujarat 12 13 CORPORATE SUITES Publisher THE KING WHO CHALLENGED THE BRITISH MALA SEKHRI KUTCH & SAURASHTRA Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad, ruler of the Baroda princely state from 1875-1839, was Editor 15 DARBARGADH PALACE one of the most respected rulers, known for his economic, educational, judicial, and SUJATA ASSOMULL SIPPY 16 OLD BELL GUEST HOUSE social reforms. He jealously guarded his rights and status on matters of principle and Creative Director NUPUR MEHTA PURI 19 HERITAGE KHIRASAR PALACE governance, often picking disputes with the British residents and Viceroy. At the 1911 Executive Editor RAJMAHAL PALACE Delhi Durbar, attended by George V, each Indian ruler or ‘native prince’, was expected PRIYA KUMARI RANA 20 Associate Editor 22 GOPNATH BUNGALOW to perform proper obeisance to the King-Emperor by bowing three times before him. PREETIKA MATHEW SAHAY Sayajirao was third in line, after the Nizam of Hyderabad and Maharaja of Mysore, and refused to wear his full regalia of jewels and honours; neither did he bow, or maybe just Text by ANIL MULCHANDANI bowed briefly before turning his back on the King-Emperor. Images by DINESH SHUKLA ART EASTERN GUJARAT Assistant Art Director GARDEN PALACE PROGRESSIVE MAHARAJAS YURREIPEM ARTHUR 27 Contrary to popular belief, the life of the princes was not just about fun, games, shoots, Senior Designer 28 RAJVANT PALACE RESORT NIKHIL KAUSHIK and frolic.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendix: 3 a List of Museums in Gujarat
    Appendix: 3 A List of Museums in Gujarat Sr. Year of Name of Museum Governing Bodies No. Establishment 1. Kutch Museum, Bhuj 1877 Govt, of Gujarat 2. Barton Museum, Bhavnagar 1882 Govt, of Gujarat 3. Watson Museum, Rajkot 1888 Govt, of Gujarat 4. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Museum, 1890 Muni. Corpo., Surat Surat 5. Baroda Museum and Picture Gallery, 1894 Govt of Gujarat Vadodara 6. Junagadh Museum, Junagadh 1901 Govt, of Gujarat 7. Lady Wilson Museum, Dharampur 1928 Govt, of Gujarat (Dist. Valsad) 8. Health Museum, Vadodara 1937 Municipal Corporation 9. Archaeological Museum, Jamnagar 1946 10. B. J. Medical College Museum, 1946 Ahmedabad 11. Calico Museum of Textile, 1948 Trust Ahmedabad 12. University Museum, 1949 University Vallabh Vidhyanagar 13. Gandhi Memorian Residential 1950 Trust Museum (Kirti Mandir), Porbandar 14. Prabhas Patan Museum, Prabhas 1951 Govt, of Gujarat Patan 303 15. Shri Girdharbhai Children Museum, 1955 Trust Museum Amreli 16. Museum Department of 1956 University Archaeology, M.S. University of Baroda 17. City Museum, Ahmedabad 1957 Municipal Corporation 18. Dhirajben Bal Sangrahalay, 1959 Trust Kapadvanj 19. N.C. Mehta Gallery, Ahmedabad 1960 Trust 20. Gandhi Smirti Museum, Bhavnagar 1960 Trust 21. B. J. Institute Museum, Ahmedabad 1993 Trust 22. Shri Rajnikant Parekh Art and KB. 1960 Trust Parekh Commerce College, Khambhat 23. Maharaja Fatesing Museum, 1961 Trust Vadodara 24. Tribal Museum, Gujarat Vidhyapith, 1963 University Ahmedabad 25. Gandhi Memorial Museum, 1963 Trust Ahmedabad 26. Shri Ambalal Ranchchoddas Sura 1965 Trust Museum, Modasa 27. Karamchand Gandhi Memorial, 1969 Trust Rajkot 28. Lothal Museum, Lothal 1970 Govt, of India 29. Saputara Museum, Saputara 1970 Govt, of Gujarat 30.
    [Show full text]
  • Digital Issue 400.00 `
    62 2020 lajournal.in ISSN 0975-0177 | cklB DIGITAL ISSUE 400.00 ` landscape 1 62 | 2020 INSTALLINGINSTALLING TWO-WIRE TWO-WIRE INSTALLINGJustJust Got Got aTWO-WIRE Lot a LotEasier Easier INSTALLINGJust Got a Lot TWO-WIRE Easier Just Got a Lot Easier INSTALLING TWO-WIRE Just Got a Lot Easier With the revolutionary EZ Decoder System, you get all the advantages of two-wire installations with simpler, more cost-effectiveWith the technology.revolutionary Plug EZ in theDecoder EZ-DM System, two-wire you output get allmodule the advantagesto enable up ofto two-wire54 stations installations of with simpler, you get all the advantages of two-wire installations with simpler, Withirrigation,With the the revolutionary revolutionary plusmore a master cost-effective valve,EZ EZ Decoder Decoder on atechnology. single System, System, pair of Plugwires. you in get the allEZ-DM the advantages two-wire output of two-wire module installations to enable up with to 54 simpler, stations of Withmore the cost-effective revolutionaryirrigation, technology. plusEZ Decoder a master System,Plug valve, in the you on EZ-DMget a singleall thetwo-wire advantagespair of output wires. of two-wiremodule toinstallations enable up with to 54simpler, stations of moremoreirrigation, cost-effective cost-effective plus a master technology. technology. valve, onPlug a insinglePlug the in EZ-DMpair the of two-wirewires.EZ-DM two-wireoutput module output to enable module up to to54 enablestations upof to 54 stations of irrigation,irrigation, plusplus a amaster master valve, valve,
    [Show full text]
  • Balance and Decline of Trade in Early Andhra: (With Special Reference to Roman Contacts)
    International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Volume 4, Issue 1, January 2014 1 ISSN 2250-3153 Balance and Decline of Trade in Early Andhra: (With special reference to Roman contacts) Dr. G. Mannepalli * Faculty Member,Dept. of History & Archaeology, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh Abstract- The history of early Indian trade also shows a distinct A few words may be said here with regarded to the influence preference for the study of long-distance trade-both over land of the ocean upon the life of the Andhra people close association and overseas –the study of exports and imports, especially their with the sea made the inhabitants of the coastal regions fearless possible identifications on a modern map. The other common and adventurous sailors. The idea conquering the sea always feature in this historiography is to present urban centers almost haunted them and the result was the discovery of a number of invariably as thriving commercial canters and to hold places hitherto unknown to them. Going there both as colonists commercial exchanges as the principal causative factor towards and traders they also widened the geographical horizon of Indian urbanization. Without belittling the importance of this civilization. Levi (pre -Aryan and pre- Dravidian) has pointed out conventional narrative approach to the history of trade; it must be that the sea-routes to the East from the ports of South India had emphasized that an understanding of trade and urban centers can come in to common use many centuries before the Christian era. hardly be delinked from the agrarian sector. Significantly Trade relations with the West also opened well before said era.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Monitoring Report IND
    Environmental Monitoring Report Project Number: 40648-034 June 2020 Period: July 2019 – December 2019 IND: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism - Tranche 3 Submitted by Program Management Unit, Punjab Heritage and Tourism Board, Chandigarh This environmental monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Recd. 15.06.20 SFG Log: 4196 i INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT 3 PROGRAM FOR TOURISM (IDIPT) Biannual Environment Monitoring Progress Report – Tranche - 3 Bi-annual Ending December – 2019 GOVERNMENT OF PUNJAB Department of Tourism July – Dec. 2019 GOVERNMENT OF PUNJAB Department of Tourism PROJECT MANAGEMENT UNIT PUNJAB HERITAGE and TOURISM PROMOTION BOARD Plot No.3, Sector38A, Chandigarh – 160 036 i Department of Tourism GOVERNMENT OF PUNJAB INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT PROGRAM FOR TOURISM (IDIPT) ADB Loan No. 3223-IND BIANNUAL ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRESS REPORT Tranche - 3 For Bi-Annual Ending December – 2019 Project Management Unit INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT INVESTMENT PROGRAMME FOR TOURISM PUNJAB HERITAGE and TOURISM PROMOTION BOARD PLOT NO.3, SECTOR-38A, CHANDIGARH – 160 036 Biannual Environmental Monitoring Report for IDIPT- Project July to December, 2019 CONTENTS SL.NO. DETAILS OF THE PROJECT PAGE. NO. 1. Introduction 1 2. Need for Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) 1 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Collecting the World
    Large print text Collecting the World Please do not remove from this display Collecting the World Founded in 1753, the British Museum opened its doors to visitors in 1759. The Museum tells the story of human cultural achievement through a collection of collections. This room celebrates some of the collectors who, in different ways, have shaped the Museum over four centuries, along with individuals and organisations who continue to shape its future. The adjoining galleries also explore aspects of collecting. Room 1: Enlightenment tells the story of how, in the early Museum, objects and knowledge were gathered and classified. Room 2a: The Waddesdon Bequest, displays the collection of Renaissance and Baroque masterpieces left to the British Museum by Baron Ferdinand Rothschild MP at his death in 1898. Gallery plan 2 Expanding Horizons Room 1 Enlightenment Bequest Waddesdon The Room 2a 1 3 The Age Changing of Curiosity Continuity 4 Today and Tomorrow Grenville shop 4 Collecting the World page Section 1 6 The Age of Curiosity, 18th century Section 2 2 5 Expanding Horizons, 19th century Section 3 80 Changing Continuity, 20th century Section 4 110 Today and Tomorrow, 21st century Portraits at balcony level 156 5 Section 1 The Age of Curiosity, 18th century Gallery plan 2 Expanding Horizons 1 3 The Age Changing of Curiosity Continuity 4 Today and Tomorrow 6 18th century The Age of Curiosity The Age of Curiosity The British Museum was founded in 1753 as a place of recreation ‘for all studious and curious persons’. Its founding collection belonged to the physician Sir Hans Sloane (1660–1753).
    [Show full text]
  • THE BHAGYODAYA CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD. Unclaimed Deposit Accounts Transfer to RBI DEA Fund Scheme 2014 As on 31-Jan-2020 SR NO
    THE BHAGYODAYA CO-OPERATIVE BANK LTD. Unclaimed Deposit Accounts transfer to RBI DEA Fund Scheme 2014 as on 31-Jan-2020 SR NO. NAME OF ACCOUNT HOLDER ADDRESS 1. KITCHEN NEEDS DEVINA SHERI NA NAKE MANDVI NI POLE MANEKCHOWK 0 AHMEDABAD 2 3-D FOOD JUNCTION DEVDARSHAN,JAY HIND CHAR RASTA MANINAGAR,AHMEDABAD-380 008 0 3A & A SECURITIES B-16,SAMARPAN TOWER- NR SIMANDHAR COMP,K.K.NAGAR RD 380061 4 A ONE MASALA MILL 0 AHMEDABAD 5 A P PATEL[MINOR] 0 AHMEDABAD 6 A TO Z GROUP TUTIONS 7,ANAND MANGAL FLATES NR.KENYUG-5,SATELLITE 0 AHMEDABAD 7 A.A. PATEL FAMILY TRUST 0 AHMEDABAD 8 A.N.BIKE'S AND MOTORS LAXMI NAGAR SOCIETY, NAVA VADEJ, 0 AHMEDABAD 9 AADHAR CONSTRUCTION 337,K.K.NAGAR-4,RANNA PARK, GHATLODIA, 0 AHMEDABAD 10 AADIL CORPORATION 121/42,OPP-VICTORIA ARYAN WORK CHHOTALAL NI CHALI, 380004 11AADIL TRADERS OPP.VICTORIA IRON WORKS, CHHOTALAL NI CHALI,LOKHAND 380004 12 AAI SHREE KHODIYAR PETROLEUM AT - TRIKAMPURA, POST- VISALPUR, TAL.- DASCROI, 382210 AHMEDABAD 13 AAKRUTI OFFSET 41,MAHESHWARI ESTATE SHAHIBAUG 0 AHMEDABAD 14 AALEKH CONSULTANCY 7,AJITNATH SOCIETY FATEHNAGAR PALDI 380007 AHMEDABAD 15 AALEKH FINANCE 7.AJITNATH SOC PALDI 0 AHMEDABAD 16 AALEKH INVESTMENT C/O AANGI APP. N.V.G. ROAD PALDI 0 AHMEDABAD 17 AALEKH ORGANISER 7,AJITNATH SOCI.FATEHNAGAR. PALDI. 0 AHMEDABAD 18 AARAMBH JEWELLERS 5,AARAMBH COMPLEX, ANKUR CROSS ROAD 380013 AHMEDABAD 19 AARTI KHANIJO 18,SAKAN TWINS, MANAGEMENT ENCLOVE 380015 AHMEDABAD 20 AARTI MAULINBHAI TRIVEDI AT - RANDHEJA, GANDHINAGAR, 382010 AHMEDABAD 21 AARTI UMESH RAVAL C/5,MAHAVIRNAGAR FLATS,OPP.
    [Show full text]
  • Socio- Political and Administrative History of Ancient India (Early Time to 8Th-12Th Century C.E)
    DDCE/History (M.A)/SLM/Paper-XII Socio- Political and Administrative History of Ancient India (Early time to 8th-12th Century C.E) By Dr. Binod Bihari Satpathy 0 CONTENT SOCIO- POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE HISTORY OF ANCIENT INDIA (EARLY TIME TO 8th-12th CENTURIES C.E) Unit.No. Chapter Name Page No Unit-I. Political Condition. 1. The emergence of Rajput: Pratiharas, Art and Architecture. 02-14 2. The Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta: Their role in history, 15-27 Contribution to art and culture. 3. The Pala of Bengal- Polity, Economy and Social conditions. 28-47 Unit-II Other political dynasties of early medieval India. 1. The Somavamsis of Odisha. 48-64 2. Cholas Empire: Local Self Government, Art and Architecture. 65-82 3. Features of Indian Village System, Society, Economy, Art and 83-99 learning in South India. Unit-III. Indian Society in early Medieval Age. 1. Social stratification: Proliferation of castes, Status of women, 100-112 Matrilineal System, Aryanisation of hinterland region. 2. Religion-Bhakti Movements, Saivism, Vaishnavism, Tantricism, 113-128 Islam. 3. Development of Art and Architecture: Evolution of Temple Architecture- Major regional Schools, Sculpture, Bronzes and 129-145 Paintings. Unit-IV. Indian Economy in early medieval age. 1. General review of the economic life: Agrarian and Urban 146-161 Economy. 2. Indian Feudalism: Characteristic, Nature and features. 162-180 Significance. 3. Trade and commerce- Maritime Activities, Spread of Indian 181-199 Culture abroad, Cultural Interaction. 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT It is pleasure to be able to complete this compilation work. containing various aspects of Ancient Indian History. This material is prepared with an objective to familiarize the students of M.A History, DDCE Utkal University on the various aspcets of India’s ancient past.
    [Show full text]