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Joseph Haydn Part 2 JosephJoseph HaydnHaydn PartPart 22 Haydn’s later years Opera at Esterhazy Palace EsterhazyEsterhazy’’ss BarytonBaryton We established in the last presentation that Haydn was working for Prince Nicholas Esterhazy I. He actually played an obscure string instrument called the baryton – sort of a cello with extra strings that resonate. Haydn wrote tons of music for this instrument. Basic baryton Quick vid of some guy playing the baryton. HaydnHaydn BarytonBaryton TrioTrio Haydn wrote over 100 works that included the baryton in some way. Here is one of his baryton trios – instrumentation is baryton, violin & cello. HaydnHaydn –– OperaOpera The palace at Esterhaza included an opera house that seated 400 people. Haydn had not done much if any opera – now with this opera house, Haydn wrote operas regularly. Here’s an example of a Haydn opera – La vera costanza (True Constancy). HaydnHaydn –– SacredSacred WorksWorks Another of Haydn’s many musical duties was to compose music for church services. Over his carrer, Haydn composed many mass settings as well as 3 settings of the Te Deum prayer – here is one of those settings. HaydnHaydn –– StringString QuartetQuartet Although most of Haydn’s works show a sense of humor and are light in nature, this string quartet is quite serious. It is called The Last Seven Words From the Cross, written as part of an Easter celebration. HaydnHaydn –– MassMass SettingsSettings Here is a setting of the Gloria from Haydn’s Mass Ordinary in B flat – this would have been composed as part of his regular duties for Prince Nicholas. HaydnHaydn –– BarytonBaryton triotrio This is yet another Baryton trio (that weird stringed thing that Prince Esterhazy played). The fact that I found 3 vids of this thing on YouTube is quite remarkable. This trio is called The Birthday Trio – guess it was a birthday present. HaydnHaydn –– NextNext PhasePhase In 1790, Prince Nicholas died and his was succeeded by his son Anton, who was not as enthusiastic about music as his father. Prince Anton greatly scaled back his musicians and rehired Haydn, but at less of a salary than before. Haydn was given permission to leave for a trip to London in 1791-92 and again in 1794-95 to act as a guest composer and conductor. Haydn wrote some of his most well known symphonies, No. 92 (Oxford), No. 94 (Surprise) and No. 104 (London). These London visits were a huge success and solidified Haydn’s position as one of the greatest composers of his time. Prince Anton Esterhazy Here’s an example of Haydn’s Music Manuscript HaydnHaydn –– SurpriseSurprise SymphonySymphony This is one of the best examples of Haydn’s sense of humor. This is his Symphony No. 94 in C – Movt 2. It begins quiet, they wakes the audience up with a sudden loud hit. Great stuff! HaydnHaydn –– OxfordOxford SymphonySymphony Haydn composed some of his best known works while visiting London. Here is his Symphony No. 92 ‘Oxford’ Movt 4 – a very energetic work, and very popular. HaydnHaydn –– FinalFinal YearsYears In 1794, Prince Anton died and Prince Nicholas II took his place. Prince Nicholas II wanted to rebuild the music program at Esterhaza, but Haydn was pretty old at this time and only worked for Esterhazy part time. Also, Haydn was quite rich on his own merits as a composer and had a large house in a suburb of Vienna. He wrote some of his best music at this time including what Haydn considered his greatest two works, two oratorios called The Creation and The Seasons. He also continued to write mass settings and he finished his wildly popular Trumpet Concerto. In 1808, Haydn made one of his last public appearances, during a performance of The Creation. He was carried, by armchair, to his seat – greeted by Beethoven & Salieri as well as all the musicians involved. Haydn lived less than a year later, passing away in 1809. HaydnHaydn ConcertoConcerto Here is one of Haydn’s most popular works of all time – written in 1796, Haydn’s Trumpet Concerto in D – played on the keyed trumpet – very cool! This version is arranged for fortepiano and trumpet. HaydnHaydn –– TheThe SeasonsSeasons Here’s an excerpt from Haydn’s famous oratorio (several songs put together to tell a story) The Season. This is from Autumn. HaydnHaydn –– TheThe CreationCreation This is our last Haydn video – an excerpt from his oratorio The Creation. This oratorio attempts to tell the story of man through the Bible. This excerpt is a duet telling the story of the Garden of Eden. HaydnHaydn’’ss LegacyLegacy Haydn left a musical legacy matched by very few composers. Over his long career, the amount of music Haydn wrote was massive, including – 104 Symphonies (!) – 25(ish) Concertos for various instruments – 14 Mass settings – 15 Operas – 45 Piano trios (Piano, Violin & Cello) – 62(ish) – Solo piano works – mostly sonatas for teaching. – 68 String Quartets (2 Violins, Viola & Cello) – 123 Baryton Trios (!) (Baryton, Violin & Cello) – Countless other incidental works His music is played by virtually anyone who plays/sings music for a living and seems to live on as more and more people discover his true genius. TheThe EndEnd Next – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart!.
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