Late Triassic (199 - 236 Ma time-slice)

Time

ScaLe R Creator CHRONOS Updated by James G. Ogg (Purdue University) and Gabi Ogg to: GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE 2004 (Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G., Smith, A.G., et al., 2004) and The CONCISE GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE (Ogg, J.G., Ogg, G., and Gradstein, F.M., 2008) Cen Mesozoic Paleozoic {See chapter on the Triassic Period in The Concise Geologic Time Scale (Ogg, J.G., Ogg, G., and Gradstein, F.M.; 2008; Cambridge Univ. Press) for potential revisions in Triassic time scale and zonations} Sponsored, in part, by: Precambrian ICS Based, in part, on: CENOZOIC-MESOZOIC BIOCHRONOSTRATIGRAPHY: JAN HARDENBOL, JACQUES THIERRY, MARTIN B. FARLEY, THIERRY JACQUIN, PIERRE-CHARLES DE GRACIANSKY, AND PETER R. VAIL,1998. Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sequence Chronostratigraphic Framework of European Basins in: De Graciansky, P.- C., Hardenbol, J., Jacquin, Th., Vail, P. R., and Farley, M. B., eds.; Mesozoic and Cenozoic Sequence Stratigraphy of European Basins, SEPM Special Publication 60.

Standard Geomagnetic Ammonites Conodonts Sequences Larger Benthic Foraminifers Calcareous Nannofossils Dinoflagellate Cysts Radiolarians Pelecypods Ostracodes Spores / Pollen Stage

Age Chronostratigraphy Polarity Age Zones Zones North Atlantic Tethys Sequences T-R Major T-R Zones Charo- phytes N. America Zones Zones Alpine/Germanic Period Epoch Stage Substage Primary Secondary Boreal High Boreal Tethyan (Orchard & Tozer, 1997) Tethys (Kozur, 2003) Zonal Markers Global, Tethyan Cycles Cycles Tethyan markers Zonal Markers Boreal Zonal Markers Zones Zonal Markers Tethyan Dinocysts (Kozur, 2003) Zonal Markers Siberia Boreal Ostracodes Arctic Caloceras Caloceras johnstoni 199.2 He 1.1 Psiloceras planorbis johnstoni Psiloceras planorbis No zone assignment NJ1 Jurassic Early Hettangian Psiloceras planorbis Ektyphocythere moorei, Hettangian 199.6 Psiloceras 199.6 Schizosphaerella punctulata Schizosphaerella punctulata Ogmoconchella aspinata 199.6 Misikella ultima He 1 planorbis Triasina hantkeni, Galeanella Prinsiosphaera triassica, Prinsiosphaera triassica, Ogmoconcha moorei Limbosporites lundbladii, C. Limbosporites lundbladii, R. Extinction of CONODONTS Rhaetogonyaulax rhaetica, panticae, Galeanella laticarinata Eoconusphaera ziambachensis, Eoconusphaera ziambachensis, rhaeticus, R. tuberculatus, tuberculatus, A. laevigatus Suessia swabiana, Beaumontella? Norigondolella sp. Crucirhabdus minutus, Crucirhabdus minutus, Ovalipollis pseudoalatus, Norigondolella sp. (N.Amer.), caminuspina, Sverdrupiella 200 200 Archaeozygodiscus koessenensis Archaeozygodiscus koessenensis Rhaetipollis germanicus Misikella ultima (Tethys) 200.3 mutabilis Rhaet Choristoceras marshi Rh2 W. listeri, R. wigginsi, Ogmoconcha bristolensis -N? Rhaetogonyaulax rhaetica (LCO) Misikella posthernsteini Laxtorum perfectum

series Ogmoconcha moorei, O. Austrian Tosapecten bristolensis Choristoceras crickmayi Choristoceras marshi Cypridodella mosheri (?), efimovae G. rudis G. rudis Cypridodella bidentata, Cypridodella postera DSJ1 Vandaites 201.6 Tosapecten Ogmoconcha martini E24 Rh1 Rhaetian stuerzenbaumi efimovae Rhaetian Misikella posthernsteini C. rhaeticus, Limbosporites Valvaeodinium koessianum R. penshurtensis lundbladii Cypridodella mosheri Praecitriduma mostleri Retic Enzonalosporites vigens, V. P. ornatus E23 -N2 ignacii, Patinasporites densus Triasina hantkeni Retic Camptonectes Cochloceras amoenum Sagenites reticulatus -R1 nanus Dapcodinium priscum, Suessia Sqinabolella? trispinosa Cypridodella mosheri, Misikella Obliquipithonella rhombica Obliquipithonella rhombica swabiana, B. langii, Q. anelliformis, Rhaetipollis 203.6 E22 posthernsteini (calcisphere) (calcisphere) Beaumontella? caminuspina L. validus germanicus 203.6 R. wicheri B. deweveri, C. deweveri, P. V. ignacii Retic-N1 spinosa Rhabdoceras suessi Monotis R. rueggeri subcircularis Sevatian E21 Quin-R1 Gnomohalorites Sagenites Monotis Quin- cordilleranus quinquepunctatus Cypridodella bidentata NT2b ochotica 205 N1 205 Cypridodella bidentata Betraccium deweveri Monotis zabaikalika 205.6 No2 Triasina hantkeni R. gracilis

Cypridodella bidentata (N.Amer.) Triasina oberhauseri Arctic: Sverdrupiella spp., S. Hemisphere: H. balmei V. ignacii (common), G. rudis Noricysta spp., Heibergella spp. (common)

E20 Macer-R2 5 unnamed s.z. Cypridodella serrulata Monotis Halorites macer pinensis Cypridodella serrulata 4 Macer-N1 Amarassites semiplicatus E19 Macer Arctic: Sverdrupiella spp., Monotis Rhaetipollis germanicus, Noricysta spp., Hebecysta spp. Perinopollenites elatoides -R1 Cypridodella postera scutiformis Mesohimavatites 3 Cypridodella postera Cypridodella postera columbianus E18 Himavatites hogarti

Crucirhabdus primulus Crucirhabdus primulus Aulisporites astigmosus, F.

Hogar-N1 Cypridodella elongata Alaunian Monotis laevigata 2 Himavatites hogarti Cypridodella elongata daonellaeformis

Crucirhabdus minutus (coccolith), Crucirhabdus minutus (coccolith), Himavatites watsoni Archaeozygodiscus Archaeozygodiscus Cypridodella spiculata Cypridodella spiculata koessenensis (Ioxolith) koessenensis (Ioxolith) Otapiria E17 1

ussuriensis rhaetica Hogar-R1 Eoconusphaera ziambachensis Eoconusphaera ziambachensis Cypridodella spiculata 210 (nannolith, Incertae sedis) (nannolith, Incertae sedis) Auerbachichara 210 Norian P. mosellanum (common) Norian 2 Cyrtopleurites Cypridodella Cypridodella Drepanites rutherfordi to N2 bicrenatus multidentata multidentata Bicren-R1 1 Perinopollenites elatoides, M. Triasina fuscus, K. (Heliosporites) Cypridodella multidentata oberhauseri S. Hemisphere: H. balmei reissingeri C. triassica 211.5 Kyrtomisporis spp. (common), E16 2 No1 Limbosporites lundbladii, R. P. (Cerebrupollenites) tuberculatus macroverrucosus Juvavites magnus Juvavites magnus 1 Epigondolella NT2a Epigondolella triangularis - Magnus-N triangularis Norigondolella 3 unnamed s.z. hallstattensis

Malay Region

-R3 Mediteranean Wangoceras Epigondolella triangularis Malayites dawsoni 2 Malayites paulckei Malayites paulckei E15 seimkanense C. obvius

Prinsiosphaera triassica Prinsiosphaera triassica to N3 1 Malayites tingriensis (nannolith, Incertae sedis) (nannolith, Incertae sedis) Lacian Malay-N1 Epigondolella quadrata Epigondolella quadrata Late Metapolygnathus carpathica Pterosirenites obrucevi Epigondolella quadrata 2 Dimorphites selectus

215 215 Pinacoceras Stikinoceras kerri Guembelites jandianus E14 verkhoyanikum Metapolygnathus Epigondolella orchardi 1 Dimorphites n.sp.1 primitius - N. navicula

Jand-N1 Q. anelliformi, Kyrtomisporis spp. G.(Corollina) zwolinska, Triasina oberhauseri, Galeanella Orthopithonella geometrica Orthopithonella geometrica Rhaetogonyaulax rhaetica, (common), Chasmatosporites Chasmatosporites spp., G. rudis panticae, Galeanella laticarinata (calcisphere) (calcisphere) Heibergella spp. S. Hemisphere: W. listeri spp.(common) 216.5 (common) 216.5 Orthopithonella misurinae, Orthopithonella misurinae, P. dercourti T. verrucata, T. (Patinasporites) Duplicisporites granulatus, Obliquipithonella prasina, Obliquipithonella prasina, toralis, S. worsleyi Spin Metapolygnathus primitius Camerosporites secatus, T. Carnicalyxia tabellata, Carnicalyxia tabellata, -R2 Klamathites verrucata Sirenites yakutiensis Gonionotites italicus Cassianospica curvata Cassianospica curvata macrolobatus Metapolygnathus Carnepigondolella communisti pseudodiebeli Metapolygnathus communisti, Carnepigondolella pseudodiebelli Metapolygnathus polygnathiformis Corollina spp. Anatropites spinosus I. rieberi, I. chitonoides

E13 Spino-N2 Spin 218.1 (eastern USA) Newark basin Discotropites plinii Car4 -R1 Spin S. Hemisphere: Suessia -N1 swabiana Corollina spp. upper Carnepigondolella zoae Carnepigondolella zoae Infernopollenites spp.

Triassic Tropites welleri Tropites subbullatus Aulotortus praegaschei E12 Tuvalian Carnepigondolella zoae (?) NT1 S. Hemisphere: R. wigginsii M. fuscus Tropites subbullatus Staurosaccites quadrifidius 220 Neosirenites 220 pentastichus Projuvavites lower crasseplicatus Metapolygnathus Metapolygnathus carpathica carpathica R. tuberculatus E11 Metapolygnathus carpathica, Carnepigondolella lindae 221.4 Car3

Tropites dilleri Tropites dilleri P. postinclinata - Metapolygnathus polygnathiformis (un-named) Carnian

Carnian E10 Austro Gladigondolella tethydis K. germanica Partitisporites novimundanus, Aulisporites astigmosus, -N2 Lagenella martinii, Praecirculina granifer, Staurosaccites "Neoprotrachyceras" quadrifidus Sirenites nanseni Neoprotrachyceras seimkanense thuringia Stellatochara

Austro-R1 224.1 E9 Austrotrachyceras Car2 K. germanica austriacum Austro -N1 EARLIEST NANNOFOSSILS = EARLIEST NANNOFOSSILS = Metapolygnathus Orthopithonella misurinae and Orthopithonella misurinae and Obliquipithonella prasina Obliquipithonella prasina Tetraporobrachia Infernopollenites spp. "Protrachyceras" Austrotrachyceras polygnathiformis Austrtrachyceras obesum (calcispheres), Carnicalyxia (calcispheres), Carnicalyxia haeckeli 225 omkutchani triadicum tabellata and Cassianospica tabellata and Cassianospica 225 Gladigondolella curvata (nannoliths, Incertae curvata (nannoliths, Incertae sedis) sedis) tethydis - G. (Corollina) meyeriana, Metapolygnathus Partitisporites quadruplices S. brotz. alpina T. verrucata polygnathiformis I.Z. Julian Budurovignahus diebeli Kuglerina meieri, A. klausii Trachy-R2 Trachy-R2 E8 Stolleyites tenuis Trachyceras aonoides

Trachyceras Trach Stolleyites tenuis -N1 debatoyense Trachyceras Trach Stolley. planus -R1 Trachyceras aon [un-named] Patinasporites densus, P. dercourti, C. triassica, C. Camarozonosporites rudis, V. 228.0 Metapolygnathus polygnathiformis Car1 deweveri ignacii V. ignacii

E7 SW Paragondolella excelsa, G. Lamelliconus gr. J. tsorfatia I. chitonoides, Echinitosporites Echinitosporites iliacoides

Turkey Turkey Budurovignahus trammeri, C. ciernensis procerus-multispirus iliacoides

Daxa-N Nathorstites lindstroemi Daxatina cf. canadensis diebeli - Metapolygnath Tritortis kretaensis 228.7 Metapolygnathus us polygnathiformis Budurovignahus diebeli Lamelliconus gr. 228.7 Frankites sutherlandi inclinata procerus- multispirus Rego Budurovignathus -R Nath. mcconnelli Frankites regoledanus Metapolygnathus inclinata, supralongobardica Budurovignathus Lamelliconus gr. supralongobardica procerus-multispirus L.(C.) rectagona A. laevigatus E6 Maclearnoceras 229.6 G. efforta prisca, S. alata levis C. insignis, W. magnus Nath. mclearni Paragondolella n.sp.S Lad3 Enzonalosporites vigens, Neum-N maclearni Protrachyceras Paragondolella n.sp.S Partitisporites spp.(common), Neum Duplicisporites spp. (common) 230 -R neumayri 230 Long Muelleritortis cochleata -N2 Indigirites krugii W. magnus E5 Long Budurovignathus -R1 mungoensis T. (Patinasporites) toralis Meginoceras meginae Paragondolella foliata Protrachy. longobardicum Tsvetkorites neraensis E4 Long-N1 Paragondolella foliata, Budurovignathus mungoensis Infernopollenites spp. S. worsleyi Gred- Protrachyceras R3 C. nevesi C. gunyalensis Longobardian E3 Gred- Aulotortus N2 praegaschei Gred- Ladinian Eoprotrachyceras 232.5 E2 R2 Lad2 Middle Ladinian Gred- gredleri N1 E1 Budurovignathus Budurovignathus Gred- Tuchodiceras poseidon Tsv. constantis Muelleritortis firma R1 hungaricus hungaricus C. ciernensis Marg -N G. cornuta, G. pseudolonga Stellatochara Protrachyceras hoellvicensis margaritosum Echinitosporites iliacoides, Ovalipollis pseudoalatus Budurovignathus hungaricus Aulotortus praegaschei S. alata levis (common), C. insignis, T. verrucata Echinitosporites iliacoides (lower) Margar-N S. Hemisphere: S. ottii P. anisicus T. fisheri

235 235 Budurovignathus 235.2 Anolcites recubariensis truempyi Lad1 [un-named] "Greece, Italy, "Greece, Italy,

Austria, Turkey" Turkey" Austria, Eoprotrachyceras Eoprotrachyceras Paragondolella ex gr.

Fassanian Intornites oleshkoi (un-named) matutinum curionii excelsa Budurovignathus truempyi Paragondolella? Eoprotrachyceras trammeri trammeri - Ladinocampe

Curionii-R curionii Neogondolella multiperforata aequidentata September 2008