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Feudatory States of Orissa BENGAL GAZETTEERS. — >♦-------- FEUDATORY STATES OF ORISSA. L ifR p R Y | NATIONAL INSTITUs'f 6, | PUBUC ADMI^iSTRAT!* j D A t C A. | "■ [Price—Indian Rs. 7-12; in England, JJs.*6d.'j £ FU DATB BENGAL GAZETTEERS. FEUDATORY STATES OF ORISSA. BY L. E. B. G OBDEN-R AMS A Y, INDIAN CIVIL SERVICE. NATlOHAi. I/,$T1TVW ®i- ‘PUBtiC ADW.'KiST^AVI®^ dacga. C A*L c m T T A. * * BENGAL SECEETAEIAT BOOK BEPOT. 1910. OFFICIAL AGENTS FOR. THE SALE OF GOYERNMENT PUBLICATIONS. In India. M esses. T h a c k e r , Spike & Co., Caloutta and Simla, Messes. Newman & Co., Calcutta. Messes. Higginbotham & Co., Madras. M esses. T h a c k e b & Co., L d ., Bombay. M esses. A. J. Combeidge & Co., Bombay-. The Superintendent, Amebioan Baptist Mission Press, Rangoon. # M es. R a d h a b a i A t m a b a m S a g o o n , B om bay. M esses. R / C a m b e a y & Co., Calcutta. R a i Sa h i b 'M . G u i a b Si n g h & S ons, Proprietors of the Mufid-i-am Press, Lahore, Punjab. Messes. Thompson & Co., Madras. M esses. S. M u e t h y & Co., Madras. M esses. G o p a l N a e a y e n & Co., Bombay. M esses. B. Baneejee & Co., 25 Cornwallis Street, Calcutta. M esses. S. K. L a h i e i & Co., Printers and Booksellers, College Street, Calcutta. M esses. V. K a l y a n a e a m a I y e e & Co., Booksellers, &c., Madras. M esses. D. B. T arapoeevala , S ons & Cq., Booksellers, Bombay. M esses. G. A. N a t e s o n ■& Co., Madras. Me. N . B. M a t h u b , Superintendent, Nazair Kanum Hind Press, Allahabad. T h e Ca l c u t t a S c h o o l B ook S o c ie t y . M b . S u n d e r P a n d u r a n g , Bombay. M esses. A. M . a n d J. F e r g u so n , Ceylon. Messes. Temple & Co., Msidr^s. M e 8sbs. C o m b e id g e & Co.* Madras. M esses. A. R. P i l l a i & Co., Trivandrum. M esses. A. C h a n d & C o.4 Lahore, Punjab. B a b u S. C. T a l u k d a e , Proprietor, Students & Gb., Cooch B ehar. '■* In England. Mb. E. A . A r n o l d , 41 & 43 Maddox Street, Bond Street, London, W . M esses. C o n s t a b l e & Co., 10, Orange Street, Leicester Square, London, W . C. M esseI. G r in d l a y & Co., 54 Parliament Street, London, S. W . M e sses. K e g a n P a u l , T r e n c h , T r u b n e r & Co., 43 Gerrard StreSt, Soho, London, W . M b , B. Quaeitch, 11 Grafton Street, New Bond Street, London, W . MesseTs. iff. T h a c k b e & Co., 2 Creed Lane, Ludgate Hill, London, E. C. M essrs. P. S. K i n o & S o n , 2 & 4 Great Smith Street, Westminster, London, S. W.' M esses. H . S. K in g & Co., 66 Comhill, London, E; C. M e . B . H . B l a c k w e l l , 60-61 B road Street, Oxford. M esses. D e ig h t o n B e l l & Co., Trifiity Htreat, Cambridge. M e . T. Fishes Unwin, 1 Adelphi Terrace, London, W . C. M esses. L u z a o & Co., 4'6 Great Russell Street, London, W . C. Qn the ContVhenP. M esses. R. F b ie d l a n d e J & S o h n , 11 Carlstrasse, Berlin, 9- w ->6- .. Me. O t t o H abbassowitz , L e ip z ig . M b . R u d o l f -H a u p t , 1 Oorrienstrasse, Leipzig (Germany). _ Mb. B ^ r l H ie e s £*i a n n , 29 Konigsstrassee, Leipzig. Mb. EeSest LBwajrx, 28 Rue Bonaparte, Paris. M e. M a eti^ us NijboFF, The Hague. PREFACE. ------ #------ I have much pleasure in acknowledging the valuable assistance rendered by the ChieFs oF the States oF Mayur­ bhanj and Dhenkanal, arid by the Superintendents oF the Keonjhar and Nayagarh States, in the preparation oF the articles on their States. To Mr. F. D. WhiFFin, Honorary Magistrate oF the Gangpur State, I am indebted For valuable inFormation on the subject oF the Fauna oF the States. A considerable amount oF the inFormation concerning “ The Reople” in the general portion oF this volume is taken 'From ’notes prepared For the Ethnographic Survey oF the Central Provinces. The description oF the Gangpur and Bonai States has been largely reproduced From Sir William Hunter’s Statistical Account oF those States. L. OR., [ 7 AUG 2006 PLAN OP CONTENTS. PART I. Chapters PAGES I. P hysical A spects . 1— 21 II. H istory ........ 22— 34 III. T he P eople ^ 35— 68 i v . P ublic H e a l t h .................................. 69— 71 Y. A g r ic u l t u r e ........................................... 72— 77 VI. N atural C alamities .... 78 VII. R ents and W ages .... 79— 80 VIII. Occupations, M anufactures and T rade 81— 83 IX. M eans of Communication 84— 88 X. L and R evenue A dministration 89— 92 XI. General A dministration . 93— 104 XII. L ocal Self-G overnment . 105 XIII. E d u c a t i o n ........................................... 106— 108 P A R T II. I. A thgarh State . • . 109— 113 II. 'A t h m allik St a t e .................................. 114— 118 III. B amra State .................................. 119— 127 IV. B aramba St a t e .................................. , 128— 132 V. B aud State .................................. 133— 140 VI. B onai State ..... 141— 157 VII. D aspalla- St a t e .................................. 158— 162 VIII. D h enk anal St a t e .................................. 163— 174 IX. G angpur State .................................. 175— 188 X. H indol State .................................. 189— 192 XL K alahandi State . | . 193— 211 XII. K eonjhar St a t e .................................. J?12— 231 XIII. K handpara St a t e .................................. 232— 235 XIV. M ayurbhanj State .................................. 236— 257 XV. N arsinghpur State .... 258— 261 XVI. N ayagarh State .................................. 262— 270 XVII. N ilg ir i St a t e .................................. 271— 274 XVIII. P a l L ahara State .... 275— 280 XIX. P atna State *..... 281— 303 XX. R airakhol State . 304— 312 XXI. R anpur State ., . 313— 317 XXII Sonpur State ' 318— 328 XXIII. T alcher State 329y 334 XXIV. T ig ir ia State 335— 337 XXV. G azetteer .... 338— 346 I ndex .................................. •347— 381 TABLE OF UOM TO b p a t c l ib r a r y , Acowion Nq. <y y cj •!«; No. PA R T I, Source. Cost; GENERAL ACTO’UF'NTr CHAPTER I. PHYSICAL ASPECTS. PAGES Geitebal desobiptioh—Boundaries— Configuration— H i m system;—R ive b system —T he Mahanadi—The BrahmanI— The Baitarani— The Bura­ balang—The Tel—The Hat!—The Ang—Geology—Bo tan y—F a u n a — Birds—Crocodiles— Snakes— Pish— Cl im a t e —T emperature— RainFall H—21) CHAPTER II. H ISTO RY. Pbehistobic peeiod—Mediaeval peeiod—British conquest—Jueis- diction— Cuttack States—Chota Nagpur States—Central Provinces States —Sanads—Tribute and nazar&na— F in I i iiilllWWIHiiliiin^jini-yTp!— A e c h ^ o l o g y ...................................................... I J NATIOMAL i = sTm* P CHAPTER HI. i I D A C C A. THE PEOPLE. ______ G e c w th os p o p u la tio n — Census oF 1881— Census o F 1891— Census oF 1901 — Population engaged in, and dependent upon, agriculture— G en b b al ohabaotebistics—Density—Towns and villages— Races— Chakacted op thb peopIiB-.Langu age—literature— R eligion— Christians—Pbincipal castes— Bankas—Bhuiyas— Tribal divisions— Character —Appearance— Social status— Language— Customs and habits— Cvntoms at birth— Customs at death—Arms— The ’village—•Revenue-^Religion T ria l by ordeal— Festivals—Future o f the race—Dances— Bhulias— Chasas— Dumals— Gandas, Fans and Doms— Gauras— Ghasis and Haris— Juangs— Habits and customs— Kaltuyas or Kolthas—Earans«-Ehandnits— Kharias — Khonds— Paiks— Sahars— Sacsia Or yas— Sudhas—TaonJ^p . (85— 68) x ii TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTEE IV. PUBLIC HEALTH. \ PAGES M e d ic a l I nstitutions —P b i n o i p a l d is e a s e s —V a c c in a t io n (69—71) CHAPTEE, V. AGRICULTURE. Genebal descbiFtiok— System op Cultivation— Ieei&ation—Principal chops— Rice— Other cereals and pulses— Oil-seeds— Sugarcane— Wheat— Cotton— Tobacco— Turmeric— Vegetables— Edible roots— Expebimbntal Fabms—Sebicultube—Plodgh—Domestic abimals—Cattle . (72— 77) CHAPTEE VI. NATURAL CALAMITIES. F AMINS—SCABOITT— F L O O D ............................................................................ (78 ) CHAPTEE VII. RENTS AND WAGES. Rents— Wages— Heih\ b e g a ri .................................................................... (79— 80) CHAPTER VHI. OCCUPATIONS, MANUFACTURES -AND. TRADE, O ccupatio ns—M anuiactcbes —M ines and deposits— Tbadm—I mports and exports—Trade centres— Fairs— T r a n s p o r t * .......................................... (81— 88) CHAPTER IX. MEANS OF COMMUNICATION, General teatube —R o a d s —Cu^tack-Angul-jjambalpur road—Cuttack-Son- pur-Sambalpur road—SambKpuvPatna-K&labandi road—Raipur-Bhawani- patna road—Baripada-Karanjia road—Bamra-Peogarh road—Champua- Vyas Sarovar^road—Panposh-Bonaigarh road— Postal and tslegbaph conMDNiCATioNSr-Telephone line—W ater communications —R a i l ­ ways— Tramways ...
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