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Home , Abercastle, Abereiddy, Ambleston, Amroth, Boncath, Brynberian

A Plan to provide and manage opportunities for Sustainable Recreation in the National Park

Enjoying the Coast National Park

Pembrokeshire Coast National Park Authority and partners Funded by CCW and Visit Pembrokeshire Coast National Park Poppit Aberteifi Llandudoch Bae Cardigan Trewyddel Moylegrove Nanhyfer Wdig Dinas Trefdraeth Felindre Newport Farchog Abergwaun Trefin Jordanston Cas-mael Mynachlog-ddu Croesgoch Treletert Rosebush Caerfarchell Cas-blaidd Tufton Wolfscastle Tyddewi Solfach St Davids Efailwen Spittal Newgale Ynys Dewi Roch Camrose Road Clunderwen Wiston Bae Sain Ffraid Hwlffordd Hendy-Gwyn Sancler Bay Llandewi Arberth Velfrey The Rhos Narberth Johnston Landshipping Templeton Hook Llangwm The Smalls Ynys Gwales Ynys Sgomer Island Aberdaugleddau Island Cresselly Dale Wiseman's Bridge Carew Sgogwm Doc Penfro Bae Caerfyrddin Angle New Hedges Bay Penfro Dinbych-y-pysgod National Park Pembroke Castlemartin National Maenorbˆyr Parth y WA Maes Castellmartin Ynys Bˆyr Castlemartin Range MOD Zone Contents

Executive Summary ...... 4 3 Strategy ...... 24 1 Introduction ...... 7 3.1 Vision ...... 24 1.1 Why is this Plan needed? ...... 8 3.2 Objectives ...... 24 1.2 The layout of the Plan ...... 9 4 A spatial approach to recreation management ...... 26 1.3 What is the context of this Plan? ...... 9 4.1 Encouraging recreation in appropriate places ...... 26 1.3.1 National Park Purposes ...... 9 4.2 Economic importance of the National Park to recreation ...... 27 1.3.2 National Park special qualities ...... 10 4.3 Recreation character areas ...... 29 1.4 Requirements of a Recreation Plan - ...... 10 5 Awareness, Promotion, Access and Infrastructure ...... 32 1.5 What areas does the Plan cover? ...... 10 5.1 Awareness and responsibility ...... 32 1.6 Powers/Tools available ...... 11 5.2 Promotion ...... 33 1.7 Active management ...... 12 5.2.1 Promotion in Schools and Local Communities ...... 34 2 Current Recreation Overview ...... 13 5.3 Access ...... 35 2.1 The evidence base for recreation distribution ...... 13 5.4 Facilities ...... 36 2.1.2 ...... 13 5.4.1 Sites and Car Parks ...... 37 2.1.3 West Pembrokeshire ...... 13 5.4.2 On-site Information ...... 38 2.1.4 North Pembrokeshire ...... 13 5.4.3 Public transport Provision ...... 38 2.1.5 Visitor Surveys ...... 13 5.4.4 Marinas, harbours and slipways ...... 41 2.1.6 Resident Demand ...... 14 6 Monitoring and Evaluation ...... 44 2.2 Issues - Challenges - Opportunities ...... 14 6.1 Triggers to review elements of Plan ...... 44 2.2.1 Capacity and Congestion ...... 14 7 Conclusion ...... 45 2.2.2 Noise and wildlife disturbance ...... 16 2.2.3 Litter ...... 16 Appendix A – Pembrokeshire RCAs ...... 46 2.2.4 User conflicts ...... 17 Appendix B – Main Recreational Activities ...... 62 2.2.5 Future Demand ...... 17 Appendix C – Information sources and relevant Plans, 2.2.6 Climate Change ...... 18 Policies and Strategies ...... 72 2.3 Opportunities ...... 19 2.3.1 Inland Water Recreation ...... 19 2.3.2 Coastal Water Recreation ...... 20 2.3.3 Land based recreation ...... 21 4

Executive Summary

The ability to take part in recreational activities and enjoy the outdoors brings benefits to all levels of society – the individual, the family, the , the county, and the country as a whole. Worldwide research has shown that recreational enjoyment is essential to human health, key to human development, essential to the quality of life, reduces anti-social behaviour, builds families and communities, reduces the cost of health care, social services and policing, is a significant economic generator and is essential to ecological survival. Pembrokeshire has some of the finest opportunities for outdoor recreation in Europe, based around its outstanding marine and coastal environment. The Wales Outdoor Recreation Survey recognises that the county already has one of the highest participation levels in outdoor activities in Wales. Enjoying the scenery and wildlife was ranked highly in reasons for visiting the outdoors demonstrating that outdoor recreation and the natural beauty of the National Park is greatly valued by local residents. The environment of Pembrokeshire is evidently important to both local people and tourists and remains one of its strongest features for attracting visitors; the most popular main activity for visitors is to see a natural attraction e.g. coastline, countryside, island or nature reserve etc. This Plan uses the special qualities of the National Park to place the environment at the heart of recreation management, and show that conservation and public enjoyment, the two statutory purposes of National Parks in the UK are not only compatible but can be complementary. Recreation has the ability to connect people to the environment and it is this goal of long-term sustainable recreation, achieved by raising environmental awareness and responsibility, which this Plan aims to realise. The Plan sets out a vision and principles to guide the development of outdoor recreation within and around the National Park. The Plan takes a pro-active approach to encouraging recreation in suitable locations, based around the special qualities of the area and the capacity of a particular place to accommodate any given mix of recreational activities. The National Park Authority (NPA) believes that a flexible and forward-looking Plan, based around making sustainable use of the National Park’s special qualities, 5 can encourage more local people and visitors to enjoy Pembrokeshire responsibly. With The National Park has a huge number of conservation designations including planning, more can be done to contribute to the national drives to increase physical 13 Special Areas of Conservation, 5 Special Protection Areas, 60 Sites of Special activity and encourage more people who do not usually use the National Park to Scientific Interest, 7 National Nature Reserves and Wales’ only Marine Nature recognise the opportunity. Reserve. About 80% of the length of the National Park coastline is designated a Site of Special Scientific Interest. The National Park area contains 279 Scheduled While most recreation takes place informally and without adverse impact, there is Ancient Monuments while there are almost 6000 sites in the National Park area potential for recreation to compromise the area’s special qualities, and for recreational listed on the Historic Environment Record. The National Park has a greater variety users themselves to come into conflict. These are the areas where this Plan is focussed. of geological and landform scenery than any area of the same size in the British The context of the Plan, why it is needed, links to the Local Development Plan (LDP), Isles. Pembrokeshire Coast National Park Management Plan (NPMP) and other relevant The national and international value of the landscape in the National Park will policies and strategies are covered in section 1 along with the powers and tools be at the heart of our decision making process as we seek to manage recreation in available to assist with recreation management. The LDP, NPMP, codes of conduct and a sustainable manner allowing future generations to enjoy the special qualities that the ability to promote, educate and improve access are the main powers available to the attract visitors and make Pembrokeshire a unique place to live and play. NPA in the management of recreation. Satisfaction with the provision of recreation in Pembrokeshire is currently high and we aim to keep it that way.

Section 2 provides an overview of current recreation with the evidence base for distribution and intensity provided by the Wales Activity Mapping project. The project provides us with important data that allows us to monitor change in recreational use over Our vision – time along with any management issues that may occur. It is also important baseline data that can be used to measure relevant actions from policies and plans. We have covered We work in partnership to make Pembrokeshire a leading some of the issues, challenges and opportunities associated with recreation provision and year round opportunity for outdoor recreation balancing management including capacity, user conflicts, climate change and future demand. protection of the special qualities of the area, respect for site capacity and promotion of environmental sustainability, with The vision, strategy and objectives which have been agreed by our partners are enjoyment, ease of access for everyone, a prosperous local described in section 3. A spatial approach incorporating Recreation Character Areas economy and healthy and active residents. Ultimately, we describing how demand, recreational type and the National Park special qualities are simply want people to continue enjoying the National Park considered when planning recreation is shown in section 4 where our aim is to in a sustainable way. encourage specific activities in the most appropriate locations.

Our approach to awareness, promotion, access and infrastructure is covered in section 5. By managing the landscape that people come to enjoy and the Pembrokeshire Coast Path, inland rights of way, beaches and car parks that the majority of visitors use, the NPA and its partners manage and protect many of the most important tourism ‘facilities’ in Pembrokeshire.

Each heading area has examples of how the NPMP and LDP influence this Plan whilst there is a separate Action Plan explaining how we will implement the relevant visions and objectives. We have also discussed monitoring, evaluation and the triggers that could begin a review of the Plan within the recommended 5 year period. 6

erry Cardigan Bay SAC lare F - Ross uard Pembrokeshire Coast National Park Fishg Oil terminals Head LNG Terminals RNLI Stations Harbours, marinas and moorings Proposed Marina mit Laden vessel avoidance areas Li ile Milford Haven Port Authority M ix Power Station (under construction) S Fishguard

St Davids Head St Davids Dragon Oil Block Marathon Oil Ramsey Island

St Brides Bay Haverfordwest

Lying-to area Skomer Smalls Grassholm Shipping Avoidance Area Milford Haven T r a Shipping f Skokholm Lying-to approaches f area i rry lare Fec Ross ck - S ke Do embro e P p Pembrokeshire Marine SAC Pembroke

a rry r Tenby & Estuaries SAC Fe a ork C t ea - ans i Sw o n

S c Caldey Island h und e ro Linney Head ing G ) m MHPA Jurisdiction ump sives D xplo e (E

Admiralty Dumping Area Castlemartin (dredged material) Royal Artillery Range Manorbier Danger Area Newton Royal Artillery Range Range Danger Area Danger Area

Admiralty Dumping Area (dredged material)

0246810miles

The Pembrokeshire Coast Sectoral Interests This map is illustrative but not definitive 7

1 Introduction

The Pembrokeshire Coast National I Visual character: The unspoilt and I Geological diversity: A wide range of Park (PCNP) was designated in spectacular scenery of Pembrokeshire is geomorphological processes, working on 1952, following the introduction of the main draw for residents and visitors complex geology has shaped the coastline the National Parks and Access to alike, who are attracted by the coastal all around Pembrokeshire, creating the the Countryside Act 1949, in order splendour and uninterrupted landscapes headlands and bays, rolling hills, plateaus to safeguard its special qualities, and seascapes. and flooded river valleys, which have which have been identified as: 1 I Remoteness and tranquillity: Despite provided deep water access as havens for the high density of population and farmed navigation and, in Milford Haven, for landscape compared to other National industrial development. Parks, Pembrokeshire retains a sense and I Archaeological and historic built image of un-managed beauty, with space resource: The distinctive human settlement to breathe and enjoy the natural processes history across Pembrokeshire has created a of land and sea. rich set of historical and contemporary sites I Biodiversity: From rocky reefs to the and buildings, many of which reflect the Bosherston lily ponds, the Pembrokeshire past functions and industries of the area coast and its islands are internationally and provide the basis of the cultural recognised for their rich and diverse heritage of the county. abundance of important habitats and 1 species, and bring residents and visitors to National Park Management Plan 2003 the National Park throughout the year. 8

1.1 Why is this Plan 2. To make the most of healthy and In the ‘Valuing our needed? sustainable recreation Environment 2006’ report Pembrokeshire contains some of the opportunities for the local best opportunities for outdoor community and visitors. recreation was identified recreation in Europe, based on 3. To make the most of limited as providing access to the special qualities resources, ensuring they are not approximately a quarter mentioned. The majority of focused on disproportionate, recreation in the National Park is localised and short term issues of the total income in the and ensure that vital facilities are done through sightseeing, visiting Park. Recreation also sites and properties (Especially those not lost or degraded. Surfing at Whitesands of the and the NPA). 4. To identify desirable levels of accounts for almost half The rights of way network is a key activities for certain locations. of the area’s economic recreational resource for walking, 5. To guide the provision of facilities output. 2 horse riding and cycling but its and information which influence management is dealt with in the activities and the location of those 2007 Rights of Way Improvement activities. 2 Valuing our Environment - Economic Impact of Plan produced jointly with the the 2006 6. To provide opportunities for all Pembrokeshire County Council (PCC) those using the area for recreation and overseen by the Local Access to become more involved in takes a pro-active approach to Forum. managing activities themselves, encouraging recreation in suitable While most recreation takes thereby taking greater ownership locations, based around the special place informally and without of the National Park. qualities of the area and the capacity adverse impact, there is clear 7. To identify issues likely to affect of a particular place to potential for recreation to the National Park’s recreational accommodate any given mix of compromise the area’s special capacity and demand in future, recreational activities. Windsurfing on the Haven qualities, and for recreational users such as the impacts of climate The NPA believes that a flexible themselves to come into conflict. change and changes in social and forward-looking Plan, based These are the areas where this Plan and demographic trends. around making sustainable use of is focussed. 8. To maximise sustainable benefits the National Park’s special There is general consensus to the economy and support qualities, can encourage more among those organisations involved initiatives encouraging training communities and visitors to enjoy in the provision of facilities or and awareness of the recreation Pembrokeshire responsibly. With management services that we need a industry to the local community. planning, more can be done to Plan for the following reasons: contribute to the national drives to This Plan sets out a vision and increase physical health and 1. To minimise any adverse effects of principles to guide the development encourage more people who do not recreation on the natural of outdoor recreation within and usually use the National Park to environment and special qualities. around the National Park. The Plan recognise the opportunity.

Kayaking in Ramsey Sound 9

The Plan will only be successful if demand are also described. Where all those involved in recreation in there are issues of particular concern Iron Age Fort Pembrokeshire can work together in or good practice they are highlighted partnership. Public agencies in text boxes. especially, need to deliver The vision, strategy and coordinated opportunities for public objectives are covered in section 3. enjoyment, avoiding overlapping Section 4 shows our spatial work and conflicts and recognise approach incorporating Recreation others’ priorities and interests. Character Areas (RCA) describing Individuals and clubs need to cherish how demand, recreational type and their opportunities and recognise the National Park special qualities where they may need to adjust for are considered when planning the longer-term benefit. This Plan recreation. aims to provide a framework to achieve this and a context of place Section 5 details our approach to and sustainability to guide action awareness, promotion, access and infrastructure. Each heading area has plans such as the Health, Social and placed the following equal examples of how the NPMP and LDP What is sustainable recreation? Care and Well Being Strategy and statutory purposes on National Park Creating an Active Wales Plan. influence this Plan. Authorities: When we use the words ‘sustainable recreation’ in the Monitoring and evaluation is context of this plan, what do we mean? We are talking 1.2 The layout of the Plan covered in section 6 as are the I To conserve and enhance the about outdoor activity in the coast and countryside which makes the most of the intrinsic attractions of the The context of this Plan, why it is triggers that could begin a review of natural beauty, wildlife and needed, the requirements, National natural and cultural environment and is carried out to the plan within the recommended 5 cultural heritage of the minimise impacts on the special character of the place Park purposes and special qualities year plan period. National Park, and and on the enjoyment of other users and residents. are all explained in Section 1. Ideally the activity contributes to the enjoyment and Principles taken from the LDP, NPMP 1.3 What is the context of I To promote opportunities for health of the participants and to the economy of the host area. and other relevant policies and this Plan? the understanding and strategies are included along with the enjoyment of the National There are several components to this issue for every powers and tools available to assist 1.3.1 National Park Park’s special qualities type of recreation; with recreation management. Purposes 1. The nature of the activity and how it is carried out Section 2 provides an overview The 1949 National Parks and National Parks also have a duty to 2. The location and timing of the activity Access to the Countryside Act of current recreation with further foster the social and economic well 3. The scale and frequency of the activity. detailed information in appendix B. outlined two purposes for National being of local communities in carrying Some of the issues, challenges and Parks, to conserve their natural out these purposes. Where there is We will promote activities which by their nature and opportunities associated with beauty and promote their enjoyment irreconcilable conflict between the two levels are appropriate and viable in the proposed recreation provision and by the public. More recently, the purposes, the Sandford Principle as location. management including capacity, user Environment Act 1995 redefined the defined in the Environment Act gives conflicts, climate change and future role of National Parks across the UK priority to the conservation purpose. 10

The National Park is also a IUCN show examples of how this Plan is • Recreation and associated Category V Protected Landscape linked to policy set out in the LDP and facilities should reflect local where the interaction of people and the NPMP. The Plan also considers distinctiveness, fit into the nature over time has produced an an extensive list of national, regional landscape and provide area of distinct character with and local plans, policies and opportunities to learn about the significant ecological, biological, strategies which can be viewed in special qualities of the National cultural and scenic value. Appendix C. Based on these, the Park. Safeguarding the integrity of this following principles are evident: • Recreation may provide interaction is vital to protecting and opportunities to encourage people sustaining the area and its associated • Recreational activities must be to act more sustainably. nature conservation and other values. sustainable, especially within the National Park environment • Recreation should, where The Environment Act (S62) 3 and designated conservation possible, promote community places on other statutory bodies and areas. This needs to cover both development and avoid negative public undertakers a duty to have impact on landscapes, habitats impacts on residents, including regard to the purposes of National and species and increasingly, land managers and other users. Parks. environmental sustainability in terms of pollution and resource • Local communities/users should Peregrine Falcons nest on Pembrokeshire's cliffs 1.3.2 National Park special use. In the future planning of have the opportunity to participate qualities recreation we will endeavour to in developing policies and Each area within the National Park consider the ecosystem services projects. has a different mix of special provided by the environment. qualities, and the type and level of 1.5 What areas does the recreation that is suitable varies • Recreation will be inclusive and Plan cover? accordingly. accessible to local people and Much recreation in Pembrokeshire, visitors and cater for a wide and the associated pressures and Public sector support for recreation variety of different interests, impacts, are focused in the narrow should be based on and respect the abilities and backgrounds. coastal zone, largely corresponding qualities most important to particular to the National Park. areas. This idea is explored in section • Recreation will ideally promote 4 and Appendix A. health and well-being and for Although the National Park’s local people should be available designation stops at Mean Low 1.4 Requirements of a close to their homes. Water (exception in the Daugleddau), Recreation Plan • Activity promotion will aim to this Plan also reaches out to the The Plan will form the basis of extend the season rather than inshore waters and islands to supplementary planning guidance to increase numbers at peak times, integrate management and provide more detailed advice on the encouraging a high-quality planning across the coast. This is way in which relevant policies of the experience supported by a skilled necessary because of the coastal LDP will be applied. Sections 4 and 5 workforce. nature of the National Park's special qualities and because access to 3 Environment Act 1995 section 62 and 63 National Parks

Pembrokeshire - amazing below as well as above

11

inshore waters is almost invariably 1.6 Powers/Tools available than can be achieved through through the National Park. The NPA and other public bodies in regulation and control but it requires time, effort, relationship building This Plan focuses on two aspects of Pembrokeshire have the ability to and communication to make it work. recreation. Where a new or changing encourage recreation by increasing activity needs development or planning opportunities, promoting their The partnership approach to consent the Plan relates to privately product and improving access recreation management currently owned and public land in the National facilities. We also have the used in the county e.g. Park. Where the management of an opportunity to increase the capacity Pembrokeshire Outdoor Charter activity is concerned it deals with land of an area or activity by agreed Group is often viewed as ground and water in the ‘public realm’ i.e. management measures (e.g. working breaking and as an example of those areas of land where the public with the Ministry of Defence to allow best practice. Agreed Climbing act as though there is a right of access to the Castlemartin range for Restrictions in Pembrokeshire are recreational access regardless of fishing, climbing, surfing and in also good examples of working in ownership. This covers; publicly 2010 a new access path). The LDP, partnership and highlight the accessible land, cliffs, beaches, Open NPMP, Sandford Principle, codes of importance of this method in Country as defined in the CROW Act, conduct and the ability to promote achieving sustainable recreation. National Trust Land and public rights of and improve access are the main The implementation of the way within or immediately surrounding tools available to the NPA in the Marine and Coastal Access Act the National Park and offshore islands. management of recreation. If any restriction of recreation is proposed may provide powers to restrict The National Park and in particular we will consult with those involved certain recreational activities in the coastline has a huge number of and will strive to provide logical proposed Marine Conservation conservation designations which are reasons for our actions promoting Zones in particular within Highly listed in the Executive Summary. The understanding and encouraging Protected Marine Conservation inshore waters surrounding the agreement. Zones although detailed proposals National Park fall under a different are not yet known. management regime to either public Satisfaction with the provision of access land or private land on the recreation in Pembrokeshire is coast and most are European Marine currently high, as judged by the Sites. visitors’ surveys carried out in 2004 and 2007. We want to make sure We will need to consider these that this remains the case. The NPA designations and, accommodate their strongly believes in the importance of conservation objectives when focussing on promotion, awareness, planning for recreation and work education and creating a feeling of together with the relevant bodies to ownership in the National Park when achieve the recreational objectives managing recreation. This is a much within this Plan. more positive and realistic approach

World class cliff climbing in South Pembrokeshire 12

1.7 Active management • Where the market cannot sustain activities, Most recreational activity takes place with which may have significant health, very little public involvement or control and understanding or education benefits. Or should continue to do so. People enjoying where public involvement has a significant recreation and operators providing recreation benefit to the wider local economy. should generally have the freedom to develop • Where there is public funding of facilities or and participate in activities. promotion or where public assets / land The situations where public services have a role are involved. in recreation provision are; Management of activities should only be • When there is a need to provide needed where there is an actual or potential coordination of facilities or activities to threat to the special qualities of a particular protect publicly valued assets (public safety, area, where there are significant problems to clean beaches, nature conservation, local communities because of recreation, archaeology etc.) or to promote use for where user-user or safety conflicts cannot be community benefits such as health. rectified or where there is an impact on publicly managed land and facilities.

The National Trust

The National Trust is one of the nation's leading providers of great days out. We are passionate about the outdoors and nature and believe that enjoying the simple pleasures of life is time well spent. Looking after places of natural beauty and enabling people to experience and marvel at nature is central to our purpose. Through our ownership, access provision, engagement opportunities and interpretation, and our dedicated countryside team, we provide unparalleled opportunities for enjoyment of coast and countryside within the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park. With 115 years' experience we are one of the nation's leading conservator and guardian of coast, countryside and special places. We own and care for one third of the Pembrokeshire coast, including many of its most iconic sites, including Stackpole, St David’s Head, the Marloes Peninsula, the Abereiddi Blue Lagoon, , the Solva Coast and Lawrenny. The National Park Authority and the National Trust work closely towards similar objectives but use different mechanisms. The Trust manages through land ownership, the Park Authority through the planning process, rights of way management and has a lower emphasis on ownership.

The Wales Activity Mapping project - a foundation for the Plan 13

2 Current Recreation Overview 2.1.4 North Pembrokeshire 2007/2008) 6 the vast majority of The North of the National Park tends to be those interviewed come from the UK, 2.1 The evidence base for along the South coast the levels of less crowded and maintains stretches of with 12% being Pembrokeshire recreation distribution development and facilities are reduced coastline characterised by undisturbed and residents. There has been an increase The evidence base for recreation and activities focus on walking, undeveloped beauty. There is an increase from 34% to 43% of visitors coming distribution and intensity used in this beaches, climbing, surfing and fishing. in the use of the wild North coast for from Wales between 2004 and 2007. wildlife sightseeing and outdoor activities, Much of this recreation is seasonal, Plan is the Wales Activity Mapping The dominant factors in terms of which has begun to introduce new with around 60% of holidays occurring project, formerly known as the South inshore water use are the Sea Danger 4 elements into a relatively wild and in the summer months, mirroring Recreation Audit . This Areas at Castlemartin, Manorbier and undeveloped area. In the North the Preseli national trends. Visitors from the South web based GIS system aimed at Pendine. Milford Haven and the Hills and Gwaun Valley are a valued East and come almost recreation, tourism and conservation Daugleddau Estuary are popular with resource used by relatively low numbers of exclusively in summer or winter, while managers provides in-depth detailed all forms of sailing, motor craft and walkers, cyclists and horse-riders. other regions supply people on a more location and activity information for canoeing. . The project even basis. Residents take part in 2.1.5 Visitor Surveys recreation on a much less seasonal provides us with important data that 2.1.3 West Pembrokeshire In the most recent visitor survey basis, in particular for day trips, allows us to monitor change in On the West coast around St Bride’s (Pembrokeshire Visitor Survey walking and cycling. recreational use over time along with Bay, the more exposed beaches are any management issues that may good for surfing, wind and kite-surfing occur. It is also important baseline data with beach riding in large numbers that can be used to measure relevant focussing on a few locations. Around actions from policies and plans. the St Davids peninsula and up to A more in-depth overview of Strumble Head, active sports such as recreational activity distribution can be climbing and coasteering are carried found in Appendix B but for the out, while the islands and small purposes of the Plan a synopsis of harbours are increasingly popular general recreation in the county is throughout holiday seasons with provided in this section. watersports and wildlife boat trips. Walking, cycling and horse riding 2.1.2 South Pembrokeshire occur throughout the National Park The South of Pembrokeshire has a with increasing proportions of visitors major concentration of visitor involved in using a greatly improved accommodation around Saundersfoot network of public rights of way. The and Tenby. Visitor activities in the Coast Path, one of only three National South-East focus on award winning in Wales, is the most heavily beaches, walking and watersports. used path passing right around the Wildlife boat trips are popular around county’s coast. It attracts an estimated the island of Caldey. Further West 915000 user days per year. 5 Beach parking at Newport Sands

4 http://rawg.no-ip.org is a partnership approach to sustainably managing recreation in South West Wales 5 Pembrokeshire Coast Path National Trail User Survey. 1997 6 Pembrokeshire Visitor Survey Final Report 2008 14

The summer peak of staying visitors is felt most around the St Davids Peninsula (due to limited capacity and variety of activities) and the South Coast (due to sheer numbers), but most recreation occurs harmoniously and requires little direct management at most locations (apart from key beaches), even in summer months. Several activities, such as climbing and outdoor activity providers, have agreed or signed up to codes of practice, in order to minimise environmental impact. On average, Pembrokeshire remains a long-stay destination with 62% of visitors spending at least 5 nights in the county. However, this hides seasonal variations; two thirds of stays during the autumn are short that had carried out activities at least 2.2 Issues - Challenges - breaks, for example. The ratio of day visitors once in a 12 month period was the Opportunities to staying visitors in Pembrokeshire is also highest in Wales for walking, outdoor This section highlights some of the issues, among the lowest in any National Park in swimming, running, road cycling, challenges and opportunities that impact the UK, with only 19% of visits being day fishing, watersports, motorised and may impact upon the recreational trips. watersports and joint highest with user and the special qualities of the North West Wales for climbing and National Park. A selection of activity and The most popular main activity for visitors central Wales for horse riding. For Recreation Character Area specific case is to see a natural attraction e.g. coastline, people visiting the outdoors once a day studies have been included throughout countryside, island or nature reserve etc Pembrokeshire also scored higher than sections 2 to 5 and can be found in the (table 1). This suggests that the natural any other Spatial Plan area in Wales. green text boxes. parking is limited. The recreational hot beauty of Pembrokeshire remains one of its spot sites around St Davids Peninsula Enjoying the scenery and wildlife strongest features for attracting visitors. (such as Porthgain, St was ranked highly in reasons for 2.2.1 Capacity and Congestion Justinians and Solva) and around the visiting the outdoors. This demonstrates Many smaller coastal locations can get 2.1.6 Resident Demand Dale Peninsula (such as Martin’s Haven, that outdoor recreation and the natural extremely congested at peak times, with The Welsh Outdoor Recreation Survey St Bride’s Haven and Dale) can become beauty and wildlife of the National visitor traffic including caravans and boat 2008 7 interviewed a representative congested at peak times. Park is valued very highly among local trailers arriving along small roads and selection of people in Wales to gain an residents in Pembrokeshire and is an launching from a limited number of sites. The Tenby and Saundersfoot areas insight into the recreational behaviour of the important part of their everyday life. This is exacerbated where locations are have the largest volume of users in the national population. For the Pembrokeshire used for several activities, where access is county, which also creates traffic Spatial Plan Area the number of respondents limited to single-track roads and where congestion between the urban centres

7 Welsh Outdoor Recreation Survey 2008 CCW&FC 15

Management concerns in the Management concerns in the All Main Beach Coast RCA Beach Coast RCA Activities Activities Visiting natural attractions 61% 20% is one of the largest and Whitesands is one of the busiest beaches Short walk (up to 2 hours) 65% 8% wildest beaches in Pembrokeshire, and in the county. Close to the city of St Davids, offers a sense of escape and freedom for the car park and café are owned by the Passive beach activities 46% 8% an increasing number of people. It is City Council. The car park is right on the Visiting friends or relatives 20% 8% Wales’s premier surfing beach, and a back of the beach and on peak days at Active beach activities 31% 7% favoured destination for dog-walkers and least 3 other fields are used for parking beach combers. Its popularity has been with long queues along narrow roads Visiting family/theme park or activities park 22% 7% boosted recently as the location for two shared with pedestrians, cyclists and buses. Long walk (over 2 hours) 23% 6% Hollywood films. 2010 saw a lifeguard The narrow coastal strip out to St Davids Driving around and sightseeing from car 48% 5% presence on the beach for the first time. Head is one of the most heavily used stretches of Coast Path. Visiting historic, heritage & cultural sites 43% 5% The popularity of the beach has Eating and drinking out 63% 4% resulted in increased pressure most Reducing issues of overcrowding, road obviously seen in traffic congestion at peak congestion and difficult bus access without Shopping (e.g. arts, crafts, local produce) 52% 4% times at the pinch points. The car park is damaging the experience is not easy. Attending an event/show/festival 16% 4% limited, and many people park along the Respondents showed a wide range of views Water sports 12% 4% road. Camping in the dunes and overnight on this site. Wildlife watching 26% 1% stays in lay-bys are recurring issues and hard to enforce. Clear priorities are: Boat trips (e.g. wildlife trips) 18% 1% Ownership is divided between the 1. Take action to make access by bus/cycle Fishing 8% 1% National Trust and the Angle Estate, with or foot more attractive and easy. Visiting gardens/garden centres 13% 0% the National Park being responsible for the 2. Provision of well located overflow car Mountain biking/cycling 5% 0% management of the foreshore. There has parking is important but overflow Horse riding 4% 0% been a long history of collaboration should not be unlimited. Golf 3% 0% between the interested parties including 3. Additional embarkation of passengers the , CCW and PCC. onto commercial water craft would not None 0% 1% From the responses to the Plan this is be welcome (but would be hard to Other 7% 6% clearly a site that arouses very different limit). feelings. Some people dislike the lifeguard Total 585% 100% This is a site where a meeting of the presence but many recognise its value and partners involved in management and it is unlikely that the service, having been Table 1 Activities undertaken by visitors in Pembrokeshire. landownership should take place on a established, will be withdrawn. Car parking regular basis to try to develop a more Source Pembrokeshire Visitor Survey 2007/2008. The first column shows responses also arouses strong views. The loss of the proactive management approach. from people when asked which activities they had undertaken during their trip. On through road because of coastal retreat is recognised as a possibility but probably is average, visitors took part in about six activities (585%). The second column shows beyond the life of this Plan. One thing responses when asked about the main activity carried out whilst visiting. Visiting seems clear, in the summer this is a site natural attractions (e.g. coastline, countryside, Islands, nature reserves etc.) suggests where the qualities of remoteness, the the natural beauty of Pembrokeshire remains one of the strongest features for environment and the undeveloped attracting visitors. coastline are increasingly being placed under pressure. 16

and the coast. These well- of tranquillity and wildness, which they recreational activity) is a major issue established larger centres have come for, are damaged by the presence especially on West facing beaches and different congestion problems of so many watercraft but on the other the islands, although the PCC provides with higher numbers, better hand those who are on the boats gain a beach-cleaning services focussed on road access, parking and unique experience of wildlife which is award beaches. Keep Wales Tidy traffic management. clearly highly valued. The Pembrokeshire coordinates over 20 volunteer groups Marine Code has gone some way to under the Tidy Towns project who clean 2.2.2 Noise and address concerns but the question of beaches whilst Neptune’s Army of wildlife disturbance capacity remains. Rubbish Cleaners, a volunteer divers’ In recreation the main noise organisation, carries out underwater disturbance is from powered 2.2.3 Litter clean ups often focused on tackle lost by vehicles. Levels of off-road Recreational users can leave litter, which anglers. On the coast, wild camping vehicle use on land are very endangers wildlife and spoils other and fires/barbecues can leave litter low in Pembrokeshire. users’ enjoyment of the National Park. behind, especially in the dune systems However the last fifteen years Sea-borne marine litter (not usually from behind more accessible beaches. have seen an increase in powered craft use including private boat owners and commercial wildlife boat trips Freshwater West particularly around the islands. This causes concern because of potential wildlife disturbance, Congestion Hotspots particularly during breeding seasons. Some species have become more tolerant of disturbance around Ramsey, but only in this area. These are long-lived species such as seals and some that tend to habitually use the area and thus this could be viewed as learned behaviour. In other areas, species are less tolerant to disturbance, while concern still remains at Ramsey. There are complaints from other users that the experience 17

Dogs 2.2.4 User conflicts • Coasteering with angling at strategies explore increasing The consensus is that for the majority Abereiddi and Stackpole Quay recreational user numbers. The 9 The ability to bring dogs on holiday is a key selling point of the time there are very few serious • Diving with angling and boating Coastal Tourism Strategy has for holidays in the UK and dog walking has a valuable user-user conflicts and most activities operation at Martin’s Haven highlighted specific opportunities for recreational health benefit for both local people and vis - co-exist peacefully across time and Pembrokeshire in the diving, surfing itors. Around 13% of visitors bring their dogs with • Surfers and canoeists with and climbing sector with potential for them on holiday and in some sectors of accommoda - space. There can, however, be swimmers at Whitesands and a Wales wide increase in kite sports, tion e.g. holiday cottage lets, the proportion is much conflicts both due to large numbers of Manorbier greater. At the same time issues to do with dogs are different activities at popular locations sea angling, coasteering, windsurfing • Kite sports with other beach users known to generate more controversy than almost any and to specific conflicts between and kayaking. The Environment other recreational issue in Pembrokeshire, these include; at Broadhaven and Whitesands two or more activities. These occur at Agency’s water related strategy aims • Vehicles launching boats or 1. Loose and uncontrolled dogs on beaches, farmland individual sites, for example at to promote water based recreation to and common land and the Coast Path beaches, which are in many ways parking on the beach at assist in reaching Government goals 2. Dogs and owners being harassed by stock one of the last ‘common properties’, Freshwater East, St Bride’s Haven of 70% of the people in Wales to be 10 3. Walkers being harassed by farm dogs slipways, and on some public sites. and Newport, with other beach reasonably active by 2020. users 4. Stock being chased and damaged by dogs Selected examples of current issues It is therefore crucial to take a 5. Dog fouling of beaches, paths, pavements, include: • Mountain bikers (On stretches of proactive approach to managing 6. Inadequacy of dog fouling facilities/bins path registered as footpath) and these activities to ensure the long • Dogs on beaches and beach 7. Inadequacy of dog warden services Coast Path walkers term sustainability of the tourism heads (fouling and behaviour) 8. People who clean up and bag dog mess and then • Occasional 4 Wheel Drives, and recreation industry. Key growth leave it in the hedge • There are also regular complaints quad bikes and motor cycles on will occur in activities attractive to an 9. Disturbance to wildlife e.g. ground nesting at about dogs on private land Dinas Mountain, the , older population, especially recently Stackpole interfering with stock and and most dune systems retired “empty-nest” visitors, and a conversely concerns about certain • Unauthorised camping and younger generation with fewer The main issues raised by people responding to the plan stock who may seem threatening financial commitments and desire for related to the importance and benefit of dog wardens, parking of campervans to users, especially when the issues of fouling and the problems of disposal of more niche active recreation. The big waste balanced against the desire for free access and accompanied by dogs 2.2.5 Future Demand uncertainty here is the economic the benefits of dog walking. • Personal Watercraft and other Activity tourism throughout the UK situation. The price of fuel, both of Views are divided about whether the problems can power craft with multiple other is currently growing and with recent vehicle fuel to come to a relatively be solved more effectively by education or enforcement uses at Tenby, , strategic developments within remote area and of aviation fuel if but in practice a combination is most appropriate. Dog Newport, Whitesands and to develop the price of flying increases greatly, control areas have been seen to work at Stackpole and Freshwater East. More widely, may change the balance between may provide a solution on staffed sites. these activities further, this trend is concerns about wildlife and likely to continue. The Sport and foreign and UK holidays. There is a clear need for additional well managed tranquillity disturbance are bins but the servicing cost will be difficult to sustain in Physical Strategy: Climbing Higher Visitors and residents will expressed sporadically around the current economic environment. After the consulta - outlines its aim “of increasing the increasingly have more diverse tion we will explore dog control areas and additional much of the coast numbers of using the expectations of recreation in bins with PCC and also work with commercial dog • Beach horse riding, especially at natural environment for outdoor Pembrokeshire, as niche activities waste bag manufacturers to encourage wider use. Druidston, with other beach users activities” 8 whilst a number of other grow in popularity and fewer people

8 Climbing Higher. WAG 2005 9 Coastal Tourism Strategy. WAG 2008. 10 Environment Agency Wales - A better place to play (2006-2011) 18

come simply to lie on the beach. suggested they would like to do • Sea level change and increased However, those activities able to be more were walking 31%, storminess: the increased erosion of enjoyed by all ages and abilities, watersports 10%, road cycling 9%, cliffs and dune systems and flooding such as walking, cycling and sightseeing or visiting an attraction of low-lying sites around the National swimming, are likely to remain the 8% and swimming outdoors 6%. Park will inevitably alter recreational most popular in terms of volume. opportunities across the National Park. It is also likely that erosion, The vast majority of people will 2.2.6 Climate Change gullying and drainage issues will continue to use their cars to get to The effects of Climate Change in mean the Coast Path looks Pembrokeshire, but once here, the coming years may radically significantly different in 50 years time around 14% of visitors use public alter the location and nature of and may carry a greater risk of use transport to get around. Train travel in recreational activities in for walkers at certain times of year Pembrokeshire will remain low Pembrokeshire. On a direct level, (especially in winter). Increased relative to the rest of the UK given the coastal zone, as the focus of storminess and wetter conditions in current network coverage, unless this change and the most intensively winter may also increase diffuse there are major improvements. If used zone for recreation, will be pollution runoff from the land, creating peak oil impacts on fuel prices as particularly susceptible to rising sea bathing water problems associated Storm near Solva many expect, improved public levels and increased storminess, with nitrates and phosphates, such as transport may be critical for the which may cause the loss or occasional algal blooms. survival of a visitor economy in the relocation of certain facilities. longer term. Shoreline Management Plans • Long-term weather patterns: hotter The long-term decline in long (SMPs) provide a large-scale summer temperatures (both air and main may well assessment of the risks associated water) may mean that more people continue, but this will be partially with coastal processes and present will holiday in the UK instead of offset by increases in short breaks. a policy framework to reduce these overseas, as the traditional The ratio of day visitors to staying risks to people and the developed, Mediterranean holiday venues visitors will continue to remain low historic and natural environment into decline and fuel costs increase. More compared to that in other National the 22nd century. We will need to main holidays and short weekend Parks, given the geographical consult SMPs when planning for stays are likely to occur within the UK, location and relatively small number future coastal recreation. including more beach holidays, which is an opportunity for of people living within an hour’s On an indirect level, the Pembrokeshire, but wetter winters drive. changing long-term weather may make it harder to market out of In the Welsh Outdoor Recreation patterns will also have an effect on season holidays. Survey 2008 55% of the visitor market. Some of these Pembrokeshire Spatial Plan area effects will present opportunities as A warmer climate (especially residents said they would like to well as threats for Pembrokeshire’s warmer sea surface temperatures) visit the outdoors more often. The recreation industry. Particular would also change the delicate most popular activities that residents aspects of climate change are: balance of warm water and cold-

Refineries on the 19

Cliff Angling water species, which currently make transport use, consumption of local National Park are very limited Pembrokeshire such a diverse marine food or increasing environmental because of geography. There are In many ways cliff angling is one of the characteristic environment. Inland, the balance of awareness as part of the recreational only two rivers (Gwaun and Nevern) activities of the Pembrokeshire Coast. It is one of the vegetation will change altering the experience - can help the county to that are used for canoeing and these most popular and widespread activities, has taken place balance of familiar habitats in the make a valuable national contribution are only used in spate and only by for centuries and takes people into wild and precious landscapes for a quiet activity, which is generally seen as county. These changes may alter the to the process of change. accomplished canoeists. We un-intrusive. recreational activities which are concluded, after a review of possible or enjoyable. 2.3 Opportunities landownership patterns, that there is Looking a little closer we find an activity which is With the exception of a fairly small little or no chance of negotiating on- associated with loss of large amounts of line, hooks and • Awareness of Climate Change: number of locations and a restricted water access along a significant weights just offshore, litter which continues to damage as awareness of climate change wildlife for many years and which causes dismay to range of (mainly motorised) activities, portion of these rivers. We also grows, there may be an increase in other users such as divers and coasteering groups. the National Park still has discussed the matter with local Unused bait is often left in cliff crevices after fishing and demand for domestic holidays and significant capacity for greater canoeists and felt that these rivers are the activity inevitably uses areas where there are cliff sustainable activities, which are not levels of use, especially outside the not seen as a high priority for access nesting birds and other wildlife yet we have no agreed inherently polluting and have fewer summer holiday period. negotiation. voluntary restrictions as we have for climbers, fuel costs. If Pembrokeshire can coasteering groups or canoeists.There are also concerns develop an approach, which The only significant body of open about the level of bait digging in sensitive areas for cliff 2.3.1 Inland Water combines genuine sustainability with water in the National Park is and beach angling. Recreation high quality experience, it may be Rosebush Reservoir – the NPA have It is clear from the responses that this is an issue for Access for recreation on inland water well-placed to benefit from these agreed in principle the creation of a concern and one where the PCNPA and partner in Wales is a clear Assembly priority organisations have not invested enough time or money changes. public footpath along the eastern and has been subject to a detailed over a consistent period. We will seek partners side of the reservoir and await Welsh At this stage, building an element consultation by the Sustainability especially within the angling community and funding Water’s confirmation to proceed. The for a joint information and education project. of sustainability into the recreational Committee. The opportunities for nearby Country Park, also experience – encouraging public access onto inland water in the owned by Welsh Water is a country park and provides good on-water access (It is outside the National Park area).

Milford Haven Water Ranger

The Milford Haven Port Authority and the PCNPA have worked together for many years to create a water ranger post, specifically to support the Mil - ford Haven harbourmaster on recre - Angling litter collected by divers in the ation issues. This can involve patrols, Skomer Marine Nature Reserve monitoring, enforcement, education and assistance to all recreational users. 20

The majority of riverside paths estuary and coastal access with over Coasteering within the National Park are open 30 launching points (mostly free and and available for use and to a large unstaffed) in the county. Even if the activity was not invented in Pembrokeshire, the name was and the popularity of this extent the easy availability of activity has increased hugely in the last fifteen years. In 2010 eleven outdoor activity centres who On the Milford Haven waterway estuarine and coastal water access are members of the Pembrokeshire Outdoor Charter (POC) offered Coasteering in their list of which has excellent marina, activities. There are national meetings chaired by the RNLI attended by a wide range of stakeholders reduces the priority in this local mooring and launching facilities the concerned with agreeing the minimum safety standards for coasteering, but no official national situation. scope for more wind or person governing body. There are currently discussions about agreed national codes of good practice in which the POC Group is playing a leading part in developing both minimum standards for safety, powered craft is considerable 2.3.2 Coastal and environmental best practice, but these agreements are informal. although the capacity for fast craft Water Recreation At its best this is an exciting and challenging activity, making the most of the special qualities of and activities like water skiing is often the Pembrokeshire coast to provide a close-to-nature outdoor experience for large numbers of With the perfect combination of wild constrained on the busiest days. On open ocean, calm sheltered estuarine people who might otherwise never experience the wild coast. There are downsides though. As the a larger scale, improvements to numbers of operators increase, the key sites become crowded and levels of use can become very waters, and secluded bays berthing facilities that could lead to a heavy. In one survey in 2008 between Porthclais and Caerfai there wasn’t a day when coasteering Pembrokeshire can offer world class major increase in cruise ship visits parties were not active between June and September and on the busiest days up to 100 people water sports conditions. There are remain a possibility. Partnership passed along a stretch of coast which 20 years ago was not being used in this way. already huge opportunities for working with the Milford Haven Port Voluntary agreements such as those with climbers, to protect cliff nesting birds, have not yet been officially developed and in many cases, especially where the birds concerned are more common – oystercatchers, rock pipits, etc - there may well not be the scientific data to make such arrangements. Agreements that are currently in place are informal and voluntary, and not effectively communicated to groups visiting Pembrokeshire. In some cases, as at Aberieddi, the parking and servicing of coasteering groups is having a major impact on limited facilities, this has lead to a charge for commercial parking being applied. In some cases the experience of ‘queuing’ for access rather damages the wild and free experience. At St. Nons some of the most-used access routes are turning into worn and gullied paths. After the consultation it was evident that some respondents felt that voluntary agreements should be developed to ensure that commercial coasteering does not develop in the wilder parts of the National Park to protect wildness experiences in some areas, and to safeguard wildlife. Some also felt that for the busiest areas currently being used commercially a booking system may become necessary. All respondents felt it appropriate to develop a code of conduct for coasteering and the Pembrokeshire Outdoor Charter Group has begun to develop voluntary agreements, codes of conduct and environmental education for group leaders. It was also felt the Pembrokeshire Outdoor Charter group should be properly resourced to do this work. The group was also seen as being the best option to broker agreements about access at specific locations where necessary. Respondents called for the National Trust and NPA to continue to be pro- active in their management of the coast for coasteering.

Coasteering on the Pembrokeshire coast 21

Authority and other relevant partners Pembrokeshire is to steer towards the practice and to market the area for when planning for coastal water ‘at best’ scenario. shoulder and off season repeat visits. recreation is essential. Proposals and There are however certain surfing Sea rowing, canoeing and management of pontoons and locations where the provision of kayaking on both the estuary and moorings within the Haven are associated facilities e.g. parking, are the inshore waters have been unclear at present but could impact near or above capacity at peak times. among the fastest growing activities upon water based recreation When providing information about in the last ten years and fit well into opportunities. surfing we will consider that some the categories which should be locations do not require promotion The growth in wildlife watching encouraged. There may be scope while others may be more suitable for boat trips in the last twenty years for better sea and estuary canoeing an increase in numbers. throughout the inshore waters information for both visitors and local Sea rowing on the Haven around the National Park has been users especially with the expansion of both a challenge and an the sit-on-top canoe market. This 2.3.3 Land based recreation opportunity. It is really important to should also highlight good practice On land there is significant potential to work with operators to ensure that and the need to avoid potential expand the amount of walking in the trips are carried out in a way which disturbance to wildlife. National Park by both local people does not disturb or damage wildlife Sea swimming is a sport that and visitors. The high profile of other and is clearly seen not to do so. was identified in the Welsh more spectacular activities should There is a real challenge in some Outdoor Recreation Survey as not hide the fact that for the vast areas to get a genuinely agreed something local residents want to majority of users, walking is their code of practice and to monitor and take part in more and has great main activity and indeed their influence activities in a positive and potential for increase. We could activity of choice. A small percentage cooperative way. Funding for provide more information and increase in use therefore equates to far initiatives like the Pembrokeshire education and encourage the more people than a large percentage Marine Code are uncertain and formation of clubs to increase what is increase in a minority activity. Sailing on the Haven resources for monitoring are limited at present a mostly individual activity. For visitors there is a need to clarify but a voluntary approach must be The number of local and visiting information about the opportunities more desirable for all parties than surfers has increased in recent times. available. This is a challenge both for either a free-for-all or a The sport has the potential to further official organisations (who often do not confrontational legalistic solution. At increase the amount of visitors to cross-promote their activities) and for their best wildlife boat trips can Pembrokeshire outside of the peak the tourism trade who may not be promote awareness, understanding season because optimal conditions aware of the opportunities and and sympathy for conservation, and are often found from September to information sources which they could provide valuable local income and March. Almost all of the activity easily offer to their guests. For local employment. At worst we have a centres offer surf coaching and residents, walking is again the most danger of over-exploitation or have the opportunity to pass on easily accessed and promoted legalistic conflict. The task of all in sustainable messages of good activity requiring no special

Learning to surf 22

knowledge, equipment or ability. There are fewer barriers to walking as an activity and more opportunity for walking-related activities and resources to provide outreach opportunities. There is scope for much greater promotion of local walking and for initiatives such as exercise referral programmes with walking as opposed to gym activities as a key element whilst combining walking with land -based wildlife watching could also provide sustainable opportunities. For younger people walking is often seen as too ‘tame’ when compared with more adrenaline fuelled sports such as surfing or canoeing but this is often a matter of promotion or packaging. If the walk is about exploring or has a purpose or associated activity experience suggests young people are willing to get involved. The Go4It project in Pembroke Dock concluded that for many less active young people informal activities like exploring, beach or woodland games or bush craft were more of a draw than exciting sports like canoeing or climbing which may be perceived as having a demanding entry threshold. These activities can also be pursued afterwards at no cost. For young people and those without cars, cycling has a double value, both as an activity in itself and as a way to reach the activity venue. While the cycle training in schools to proficiency level is well provided, there is a lack of any developmental training for secondary pupils that would allow them to develop skills and

Cycling in Canaston Woods 23 confidence to make a journey. In 2011 the National Park Authority Cycleways have expanded greatly in the working with the landowner opened 11km of last fifteen years with significant multi-user route at Pantmaenog near expenditure especially by PCC and Rosebush. There maybe other opportunities in Sustrans but levels of use are not high. future to improve cycle and horse access in As the networks become better the woodlands south of the Preseli Hills. connected, there is a need for more It is worth emphasising from table 1 coordinated promotion and training so (page 15) that the majority of our visitors are that more local people can benefit from more involved in sightseeing and more both the cycling routes themselves and passive activities than in any of the more the fact that they often give access to newsworthy sports. This makes key sites such coast and countryside that has other as National Trust and National Park owned opportunities. properties particularly important. Sites with a combination of car park, toilets, easy walks, There is demand for more coastal fine views and ideally eating facilities are cycling and there is no doubt that such a particularly valued as evidenced at facility would be popular with visitors Bosherston, Manorbier, Newport Parrog and John Muir group - watching and local people alike. The complexity West Angle. These sites provide a good of landownership along the coast opportunity to introduce new people into however makes the conversion of countryside recreation. For local people footpaths into cycle routes or bridleways, there are other types of recreational activity such as the increasing use of problematic. allotments, community growing, and In 2010 the Ministry Of Defence worked volunteering which can engage local with the NPA and the Countryside people and communities in the outdoors / Council for Wales to open a new inland natural environment and in sustainability route, the Castlemartin Range Trail. issues.

Horse riding Kayaking 24

3 Strategy Our vision 2. Work with partners to promote and manage We work in partnership to make Pembrokeshire a recreation in Pembrokeshire to support local 3.1 Vision leading “year round opportunity” for outdoor recreation, communities and businesses while National Parks were designated in part for the outdoor balancing protection of the special qualities of the area, maintaining environmental and cultural recreation opportunities they offer. Enjoyment of the National respect for site capacity and promotion of integrity. Park’s special qualities is obviously an end in itself; it also environmental sustainability, with enjoyment, ease of 3. Seek to promote sustainable year-round contributes significantly to people’s health and wellbeing and is access for everyone, a prosperous local economy and public enjoyment of the special qualities of a mainstay of the region’s economy. By managing the healthy and active residents. Ultimately, we simply the National Park. landscape that people come to enjoy and the Pembrokeshire want people to continue enjoying the National Park Coast Path, inland rights of way, beaches and car parks that in a sustainable way. 4. Focus public support for recreation which makes the most of the National Park’s the majority of visitors use, the NPA and its partners manage 3.2 Objectives diverse coastal and marine environment. and protect many of the most important tourism ‘facilities’ in The objectives for recreation management should be Pembrokeshire. progressive and adapt to changing demands. Our 5. Promote recreation to visitors and local Outdoor recreation can lead people to have an increased overall objectives are as follows: residents, including schools, colleges and regard for the environment and can generate increased clubs and hard to reach groups. Encourage 1. Raise awareness of the National Park’s special people to enjoy the opportunities presented support and commitment to National Park purposes and to qualities and the responsibility for maintaining them sustainability in general. In some instances, recreation can by the National Park, perhaps for the first among all recreational stakeholders, so that the time. however have negative impacts on the special qualities, and values of the National Park are integral to all on other people’s enjoyment of them. recreational activity. Principles running through the objectives • We will base our management of recreation upon the principles of sustainability, diversity, collaboration, distinctiveness and quality. • We will ensure that facilities are in line with both recreational demands and the capacity and values of the area drawing on the Compass approach when applicable (explained in more detail in section 4). • We will monitor progress to the objectives on a 5 yearly basis and continue to monitor recreation demands, trends, impacts and potential impacts using the Wales Activity Mapping project. • We will match our objectives with the Walking the Coast Path at Marloes NPMP, LDP and other relevant policies and plans. 25

Many of Pembrokeshire’s most valued qualities and benefits are founded on land, facilities and development management services which need planning and investment 26

4 A spatial approach to recreation management

4.1 Encouraging recreation in appropriate places To help in achieving our vision and aims we need to take a spatial approach in looking at the National Park and the recreational activities carried out. This section explains how we will do that and the links to the LDP, NPMP and the Compass approach (P29). The wide range of landscapes, geomorphology and opportunities for recreation in such a small area is a unique asset to Pembrokeshire. By looking at these qualities from a spatial perspective, we can identify the values of each area of the National Park and influence supply and demand to make sure that recreation is encouraged at the most appropriate locations and times. The qualities most at risk from recreational activity are probably the sense of remoteness, tranquillity, the natural heritage and visual character of the area.

Wildness Map of Pembrokeshire (based on weighted distance from settlements, weighted distance from roads, distance from buildings, visual/sensory landscape value and altitude. 13

13 The Application of GIS to Management of Outdoor Recreation and Conservation in South West Wales. Quinton, S. www.walesactivitymapping.org.uk/reports-3 27

To fulfil our statutory requirements we 4.2 The economic importance Intensive use of the have to consider the array of of the National Park to recreation Small Bay Coast RCA conservation designations throughout and tourism the National Park including the marine Of all the pressure sites in the National Park, St A healthy environment is crucial to this approach. designations that fall outside of the Justinians perhaps gives the clearest example. Much of Pembrokeshire’s visitor economy is Vehicle access is on a long, dead-end single- National Park’s boundary due to the dependent on those special qualities, which track road, parking is very limited and the area is factors mentioned in section 1.5. create the image and attract visitors. Recreation of particularly high landscape and habitat value making large facilities inappropriate. Access to The Pembrokeshire Marine Special is a way of providing real economic value from the sea is difficult, down a long flight of stone Area of Conservation (PMSAC) the environment and providing a direct link steps and onto an RNLI landing ramp. The Management Scheme process identified between the local economy and environmental inshore waters of Ramsey Sound are some of several issues relating to recreational management. the richest and most interesting in use of the SAC. Those recreational Pembrokeshire with Ramsey Island owned by The environment of the National Park the RSPB as a Nature Reserve. activities of most potential current Diving at Skomer generates a total of £68 million in income, concern to the SAC marine wildlife From this base we have seen develop over supports 4,653 jobs and contributes £81 features were: sea angling, power craft the last twenty years a wildlife boat trip million to the GDP of Wales 12 . operation involving 6 Companies, 13 Craft and use including PWC and Wildlife Boat up to 32 individual trips on the busiest days. Trips, anchoring and mooring and The economic value from recreation will be Nature conservation interest seems to have coasteering. 11 We will work together optimised at a level where there are enough been maintained despite this high level of use. with the PMSAC Relevant Authorities recreational users to support the local economy, Many people have had a wonderful experience Group and other conservation bodies in but not so many as to damage the environment of wildlife and the opportunities for education managing recreation within and thereby reduce environmental benefits. By are considerable. A number of successful conservation designated areas. linking the environment closely with recreation, businesses employing many staff at peak we can aim to encourage more people to periods have been developed. All operators Clearly, as values differ across the have been involved in the development of the enjoy the National Park and safeguard the National Park, so will the tolerance of Pembrokeshire Marine Code though agreeing a environment at the same time, as well as series of restrictions regarding access in this area areas to different types of recreation. In highlighting the dependence of the tourism have been difficult. general, we will promote those activities and recreation industry on the environment of that promote health and an This is a site where future management very Pembrokeshire as a whole. much depends on the arrangement made by understanding of the National Park, and the RNLI in pursuit of their new slipway. It is which are inclusive and environmentally The National Park’s shape and easy access important that any arrangements for future use sustainable. into and out of the area also mean that almost all of the existing slipway involve planning and of the National Park’s indirect economic benefits consultation with all stakeholders to bring a If we encourage activities with flow throughout the county and into wider South greater degree of management to this site. potential to impact upon remoteness West Wales. Looked at in this way it becomes From the responses it is clear that this is a and tranquility (see Wildness Map valued location where we will need to achieve a clear that, for the tourism industry, a successful page 26) it will be away from those balance between long term conservation of the NPA which is able to safeguard the landscapes site and its surrounding coast and the important areas where this sense of isolation is and ecosystems of the National Park, is of economic value of the activities. most valued and towards more fundamental importance. Newgale beach developed sites.

11 Pembrokeshire Marine SAC Management Scheme 2008 12 Valuing our Environment - Economic Impact of the National Parks of Wales 2006 28

Recreational activities can broadly be divided into the following groups: The boundaries of the groups are not fixed. Individual activities may move from one group to another depending on the scale of the activity, the location or the way it is pursued. Commercial operations or large events are likely to move the activity towards a higher numbered group because of additional numbers or regularity.

Group Main attributes of activity Examples Public body response

1 Has health benefits, is non-intrusive, is Walking, cycling, riding, Encourage and actively promote, intrinsically non-polluting and is based on swimming, sea rowing, surfing, management minimal except to active enjoyment of the special qualities of sailing provide associated facilities and access the National Park

2 Has similar attributes to those above, Climbing, canoeing, coasteering, Encourage with responsible use, provided the participants are responsible kite surfing, windsurfing, casual management to develop good practice and choose their location/season sensibly, beach riding, dog walking and oversee out of season events but the activity does have potential for adverse impact

3 May or may not have health or education Wildlife boat trips, organised Encourage only proven good practice benefits, but may have public safety beach riding, cliff fishing, water or out of season, lobby for stricter consequences and/or environmental impact skiing training, insurance and codes of if pursued in certain ways or at certain practice locations, and generates complaints from other users.

4 Has limited health benefits, and by its PWC, speed boat racing, quad Only encourage in specified areas nature or scale may compromise the biking on public land, hovercraft, with strict management / licencing special qualities of the National Park or raves /planning in place/encourage character of selected sites. Likely to have elsewhere public safety consequences and to generate complaints from other users. Is usually powered and has associated sustainability issues.

Table 2 The main attributes of activities and suggested public body response. Adapted from NPMP (2009-2013) 29

4.3 Recreation The accompanying matrix and map Table 3: Example of draft recreation opportunity classes for Wales. Character Areas explains the level to which each To assist in this spatial planning we activity will be encouraged, Developed Formal Developed Semi-natural Accessible Natural Remote Natural have divided the National Park into 8 according to the area type. Our Recreation Character Areas (RCA) view of recreational activities at a Not remote Not remote Remote Remote based on the Landscape Character local level will be based upon these Easy to access Easy to access Natural Hard to access Assessment study 14 and recreation special qualities. We hope to Not natural Semi-natural Promoted Un-promoted opportunity classes for Wales laid out provide an example by showing in the Compass approach. The areas clear environmental and cultural Highly managed Managed Less managed Limited management range from busy resort coasts such as responsibility in encouraging public High frequency of Reasonably frequent Frequent social Few social encounters Tenby to the hills and commons of the enjoyment and recreation. The social encounters social encounters encounters Preselis. The areas often have a following map, matrix and RCA’s coastal focus, reflecting the fact that are simplified and have been most of the National Park and its recreational pressures are based designed to assist us as a management tool to encourage Source COMPASS: Adapted from McCool, Clark & Stankey (2007) around the coast. By defining these An Assessment of Frameworks Useful for Public Land Recreation Planning areas, we can highlight their different activities in suitable areas where qualities, and develop targeted there is capacity. We understand actions and policies to support them. that activities have to be Compass is a new approach to outdoor recreation planning. The goal is to provide recreation planners and managers with a clearly defined, demand-orientated framework for making better More details on the character areas, considered on a site by site basis decisions to provide and conserve a spectrum of high quality and diverse recreation opportunities. issues and priorities for management considering the type, nature and It provides a practical resource that integrates the evidence on demand and supply to enable its can be found in appendix A. scale of the activity and may not users to maximise the value and impact of existing opportunities, and to identify potential gaps This spatial analysis will underpin fit neatly into the categories in and opportunities for recreation provision. The Countryside Council for Wales is the lead body in the NPA’s attitude and those of partner Table 2 or the RCA’s shown. this approach. organisations to changes in recreation occurring in these character areas.

Examples of Linked Policies for section 4

NPMP E1 - Promote appropriate types of recreation NPMP B1 - Promote an ecosystem approach to land management NPMP B4 - Promote an ecosystem approach to marine management PCNPA LDP Policy 23 PCNPA LDP Policy 45 PCNPA LDP Policy 47 PCNPA LDP Policy 48 PCNPA LDP Policy 51 PCNPA LDP Policy 52

14 Pembrokeshire Coast National Park Landscape Character Assessment Study, 2007. 30

Resort Beach Coast Developed Formal

Beach Coast Developed Semi-natural

Small Bay Coast Accessible Natural

Wild Cliff Coast Remote Natural

Islands Accessible Natural Remote Natural

Estuaries Developed Semi-natural

Inland Valleys Remote Natural Accessible Natural

Inland Commons and Hills Remote Natural Accessible Natural

Map of Recreation Character Areas (RCA) based on PCNP Landscape Character Assessment Study and the Compass Approach 31 Table 4: Matrix displaying RCA, activity types and suggested public body response

RCA Resort Beach Beach Coast Small Bay Coast Wild Cliff Coast Islands Estuaries Inland Valleys Inland Commons Coast Developed Accessible Natural Remote Natural Accessible and Developed Accessible and and Hills Developed Formal Semi Natural Remote Natural Semi Natural Remote Natural Accessible and Recreational Activity Remote Natural Beach Activities (passive) n/a* n/a n/a n/a Beach Activities (active) n/a* n/a n/a n/a Canoeing/Sea Kayaking n/a n/a Climbing n/a n/a Coasteering n/a n/a n/a Cycling (Bridleways/lanes) Dinghy Sailing/Yachting n/a n/a Diving n/a n/a Dog Walking n/a Horse Riding (Bridleway) n/a Beach Riding n/a n/a n/a n/a PWC/Jet skiing ** n/a n/a Power Kite flying Kite Surfing n/a n/a Land Yachting n/a n/a n/a Motorised Land Activities (Private land & vehicle ROW) Power Boating n/a n/a Rowing n/a n/a Angling Snorkelling n/a n/a Surfing n/a n/a n/a Swimming n/a n/a Walking Waterskiing n/a n/a Wildlife Boat Trips n/a n/a Windsurfing n/a n/a

Matrix Categories Encourage and actively promote, management minimal except to provide associated facilities and access GROUP 1 table 2 Encourage and support, management to develop close liaison with users and operators GROUP 1 table 2 Encourage with responsible use, management to develop good practice and oversee out of season events GROUP 2 table 2 Encourage only proven good practice or out of season, lobby for stricter training, insurance and codes of practice GROUP 3 table 2 Do not encourage in this area/encourage elsewhere GROUP 4 table 2 n/a Not applicable in this area (* except Caldey Island) ** Except Milford Haven Port Authority ski zone 32

5 Awareness, people recognise that recreation in We will seek to ensure that when Promotion, Access Pembrokeshire is dependent on a activities are proposed or introduced, and Infrastructure high quality environment, the problem potential impacts are adequately is that many individuals do not assessed, that agreements to 5.1 Awareness and accept that it is up to them to adopt manage or limit impacts are in place responsibility best practice and develop new ways and that there is some form of of working and playing to protect this relationship between operators and The NPA seeks to increase awareness common good. public bodies. of the values of the National Park and give users and communities This Plan seeks a relationship We will also strongly encourage responsibility to use the National Park’s between recreation and the activities, through relevant user resources in a sustainable way. environment, which is based on the associations and groups, to follow or Recreational stakeholders should be connections , rather than conflicts , develop codes of practice for each given a greater sense of ownership between the two. activity. Our experience of the of the National Park and opportunity Pembrokeshire Outdoor Charter It is also essential that users and to participate more in the National and to some extent the operators are aware of the impacts Park’s recreation management. Pembrokeshire Marine Code, is they may have upon other people. that those operators that sign up, In pursuit of this long-term goal, it is As with all Wales’ National Parks, take greater responsibility for the important that environmental the Pembrokeshire Coast is home to environment without the need for considerations lie at the heart of working urban and rural communities more restrictive policies such as recreational decision-making. By and recreation must be managed in bans or bylaws, which are often instilling the value of the environment at the context of the living and working neither practical nor desirable. the heart of recreation, we intuitively landscape of the National Park, There may need to be sanctions for give it consideration and develop the respecting the lives and work of local those who will not comply but that sense of ownership and responsibility landowners, local communities and should not be a first step. for the landscape that is needed. Most of other recreational users.

Examples of Linked Policies for section 5.1 Coast to Coast NPMP E2- Remove barriers to people’s enjoyment 200,000 copies of Coast to Coast are produced and of the National Park distributed every year by the PCNPA. The newspaper has a 95% take up rate within Pembrokeshire, with 65% of NPMP U1- Promote the National Park as an people identifying it as a main source of information on inspirational basis for lifelong learning what is happening within the National Park. 76% of local people also claim to use the paper on at least a NPMP U2- Explain organisation’s purposes and values monthly basis. NPMP U3- Involve people in decision making NPMP U5- Help people to make lifestyle changes

Angling at Bosherston Lily Ponds 33

5.2 Promotion Enjoy Pembrokeshire The Pembrokeshire Outdoor Charter Pembrokeshire is unique in the UK in www.pembrokeshireoutdoors.org.uk was formed by activity and having so many different recreational The PCNPA have recently launched a new education centres working with conservationists in Pembrokeshire products on offer within such as small recreation website which aims to promote in the early 1990s. From an early stage the group existed to recreation in a sustainable way. The map based area, predominantly based around the build up a relationship between the different partners to ensure website provides useful information on a range of that adventure activities such as climbing, coasteering and sea kayaking coast. There is a good public activities from climbing and surfing to geology were developed in a way which is sustainable for the wildlife and perception of Wales as a provider of hotspots and rockpooling. It gives users top tips on environment. The group has focussed on developing best practice to outdoor activities, but detailed how to minimise their impact when carrying out minimise environmental impacts, and on raising awareness of the special knowledge of the opportunities for the activity in the Park. qualities of Pembrokeshire to activity staff to pass on to clients during activities. The group have also committed to work towards reducing their recreation is often less apparent, We have only promoted activities in suitable carbon emissions and integrating sustainability in their operations. creating a gap between the willing locations and have avoided sites that may be at participant and the recreational capacity or have management issues. Key messages from this Plan have also been included. product. The site also displays relevant facilities including Having said this, however, harbours, slipways, toilets, beaches and contains a wealth of information on easy access. Pembrokeshire has made significant The Pembrokeshire Marine Code www.pembrokeshiremarinecode.org.uk addresses efforts to place the county in the activity The Enjoy Pembrokeshire website actively conservationists and wildlife boat trip operators, sea kayakers market and to influence visitors when promotes Pembrokeshire Outdoor Charter and Marine Code and can be found on the home page and divers and seeks much the same aims as the Charter. The planning their trips. Promotion around of the PCNPA website. group has developed a detailed code of conduct for all marine the UK and within Wales is important to leisure users to follow which includes maps showing areas where there are build up Pembrokeshire’s image as a wildlife habitats sensitive to disturbance. Environmental training courses on wildlife legislation / identification and best practice to minimise disturbance recreation destination, where people are organised for the group. travel for a specific activity or can take part in more than one type of recreation Both partnerships are managed by the Activities Liaison Officer and are coordinated by the Pembrokeshire Coastal Forum. during their stay. The relaxed nature of the county and opportunities for all skill Personal Watercraft Management in Pembrokeshire: Currently, the Pembrokeshire Marine Code group organise two PWC management levels can support this. If a genuinely meetings each year involving representatives of PWC owners, PCC, PCNPA, ‘green’ approach to activity can be and the National Trust. A management scheme is in place at Lydstep (where added, this is likely to make the area between 35 -50 PWC are kept) with all owners signed up to following PCC more rather than less attractive. bylaws and the Pembrokeshire Marine Code. A bouyage scheme, slipway management and launch poster with information on the Pembrokeshire PCNPA has always been positive Marine Code and best practice has been produced by the PCNPA for towards countryside enjoyment and Freshwater East, and training for National Trust staff at Stackpole has taken the encouragement of appropriate place. PCC produce a leaflet showing PWC Best Practice. All complaints outdoor recreation. There are received from the general public are communicated to the PCC Beach Warden and Pembrokeshire Marine Code group with an annual report however more opportunities to work produced summarising complaints, and action taken. The last few years with partners to actively promote have seen a reduction in PWC ownership and usage, and a reduction in the recreational use of the National Park, amount of complaints received of bad behaviour, wildlife disturbance and to both local people and visitors. nuisance. 34

We shall work as part of the We have an opportunity to see circular walks and on the Regional Tourism Strategy ‘Open All the National Park as the playground Pembrokeshire Coast Path have Year’ to promote recreation across for the county if we can promote both been recently redeveloped. the year, rather than seeking to and manage activities in the ways Both include information on ease of increase recreation at peak times. outlined in this Plan. In doing so, access, public transport and safety We would, in general, rather see however, we should not forget that information. A recreational element increased and longer season use of recreation is an individual concept, of the NPA website which existing opportunities and facilities based on individual preferences. It encourages responsible and rather than pursuing capital schemes brings a sense of fun, a sense of sustainable use of the National to build bigger or more facilities. pleasure, and brings together those Park was set up in 2009. with common interests and different As the policy context has shown, backgrounds. This is crucial to its 5.2.1 Promotion in recreation also has a range of future success, and may not be Schools and Local social and economic benefits. adequately portrayed by planning Communities Recreation provides a link for a and policy documents. We We will work with partners and variety of policies, and by encourage people to take part in especially PCC to actively seek to encouraging people to take part in recreation to have fun, and in promote recreation in schools and outdoor activities we support the doing so to learn about the local communities as a way of efforts of others in related sectors. fundamental values of the areas encouraging children to visit the The development of the they make use of, rather than the coast, keep fit and learn about the Pembrokeshire Health, Social Care other way around. A day out on environment. This supports the and Well-Being Strategy, the Core the coast has the potential to teach Active Environment themes of Go4It! aims of the Young People’s Strategy more than any number of lectures on Creating an Active Wales. and the concords between Sports From 2007-2011 the NPA led a partnership to promote valuing the environment. active outdoor recreation to inactive young people in Council for Wales and local By sparking interest in an Pembroke Dock. In four years the project has: authorities all emphasise the Better use of the internet is also outdoor hobby at an early age, we are investing in the future of • Increased the physical activity levels of over 200 11-25 importance of physical outdoor essential. The parts of the NPA year olds from Pembroke Dock and Pembroke. recreation. website offering information on the National Park, its environment and the people who use it. We • Raised the profile of using the outdoor environment for health and well being amongst project partners. Examples of Linked Policies for section 5.2 will also actively seek to encourage those sections of the community, • Documented information relating to barriers to who do not use the National Park, participation and ways to overcome them. NPMP E1- Promote appropriate types of recreation NPMP E2- Remove barriers to peoples enjoyment of the National Park to visit and take part in recreation. Although funding for Go4it ceased in 2011 much of As many people cite distance or the learning from the project has been taken into the NPA NPMP U1- Promote the National Park as an inspirational basis for lifelong learning inconvenience as barriers to outreach programme. Working with national initiatives NPMP U2- Explain organisations purposes and values recreation, we will do our best to like the John Muir award and with grant funded projects NPMP U3- Involve people in decision making such as Walkability all help introduce new people to the improve access from urban nodes NPMP U4- Tailor messages to audience and outcome Park. (section 5.3). NPMP U5- Help people to make lifestyle changes 35

By promoting recreation, we can see the network of public paths as a Pembrokeshire Coast Path also increase social inclusion and crucial resource for enjoyment and mobility, get more people from local we will work together with PCC to The 300 kilometre Coast Path urban centres to the coast and deliver the vision of the Rights of provides the backbone for the encourage a wider variety of people Way Improvement Plan (ROWIP) for National Park, and is consistently regarded as the Park’s most to enjoy the National Park hands-on. Pembrokeshire. In 2009 86% (880 appreciated and symbolic feature. It The NPA developed a highly km) of the total public rights of way is also one of the most successful community project, Go4It, network in the National Park was economically valuable assets of the Surf Lifesaving dedicated to improving the fitness of open. Good progress has been county. The Coast Path is supported 11-25 year olds through outdoor made towards creating a fully by the Inland Rights of Way Pembrokeshire has Surf lifesaving Clubs established on network and coastal shuttle bus five main beaches. , Newport, Whitesands, activities and continues the approach integrated network, which is friendly services, which allow people to take Newgale and Tenby South Beach. through the work of the ranger to cyclists, riders and walkers and circular routes or take in one stretch The clubs are active during the summer months and service. which promotes alternatives to of the Path at a time. hold regular club nights and weekend activity. They motorised transport for those staying We will seek to build on this with As well as a recreational and provide opportunities for both Children and Adults to within the National Park. the support of partner organisations, educational asset in itself, the Coast train in surf lifesaving, beach safety related skills and Path links other recreational fitness activity. to reach into sections of the Along with the ROWIP we will activities as it weaves around the Some of the clubs are active on the competitive scene community who do not currently take work with partners to deliver the aims headlands and bays and between and regularly compete in surf life saving championships. part in outdoor recreation and of The Walking and Cycling Action coastal settlements. The views from Welsh and British Surf Life Saving Championships have the Path and opportunities to see provide opportunities for them to do Plan for Wales which promotes an been hosted by Pembrokeshire Clubs over the years. wildlife are some of the most highly so whilst also supporting partner increase in walking and cycling - and prized experiences for all visitors, The clubs work closely with both PCC and the RNLI initiatives such as the Sports consequently less dependence on the residents and tourists. In recent to ensure an integrated approach to beach and water Pembrokeshire Action Plan. car. As CO 2 emissions from cars years, efforts to improve ease of use safety. PCC, who have responsibility for aspects of water 5.3 Access represent 13% of the UK total, have seen a reduction of stiles from safety have formed a partnership with the RNLI to making more trips on foot or by 500 to under 100. provide professional lifeguard services during the summer This Recreation Plan aims to bring months. RNLI lifeguards are deployed on eleven of the cycling can help in making the The Pembrokeshire Coast Path people closer to a greater quantity county’s beaches during the peak summer months and lifestyle changes needed to combat is one of only three and quality of outdoor recreation. can be clearly recognised by their red and yellow livery. climate change. in Wales with the management With 76% of local people saying funded by the Welsh Assembly they use the paths in the National The NPA maintains valued Government, the Countryside RNLI Lifeguards are operational on: Council for Wales and the Park and with walking as the most relationships with landowners Poppit Sands Pembrokeshire Coast NPA. popular activity among visitors, it is through its ranger services, Newport Sands Pembrokeshire County Council Whitesands clear that walking is the dominant conservation and access teams. manages urban sections of the Newgale recreational activity in the National These relationships, often built up route outside the National Park. Broad Haven Most of the route is on private land Park. In this Plan it has a fairly low over many years, are essential to Tenby, South, Castle and North beaches and the Authority acknowledges profile, this is partly because there is National Park management and in Saundersfoot the support of many landowners already a full Rights of Way particular for managing Amroth including the National Trust and Freshwater West Improvement Plan covering walking opportunities for access. Ministry Of Defence. and riding in the National Park. We Maintaining this two-way 36

communication is vital to ensure the In developing these opportunities, enjoyment of recreation. Too many PCNPA Outreach Programme smooth development of the access we should be aware of the fact, facilities may harm the image of un- The NPA has worked with a variety of community network and to anticipate any however paradoxical, that we may managed natural beauty and take groups for many years through our core work. potential conflicts between local be promoting access to locations investment away from other areas of However, it has been increasingly recognised that some residents (especially land managers) where solitude and isolation are key National Park management. groups in society are underrepresented in countryside recreation. Since 2003 the Education Team has been and visitors. characters. Care will need to be Statutory organisations, running an outreach programme which targets specific taken in maintaining this balance so communities and users have the ‘hard to reach’ local groups. The programme aims to The NPA’s and PCC’s ROWIP has that the sense of peace is not responsibility to decide what level identify the needs of these groups and work with them policies to continue the improvement destroyed through over use and of facilities is appropriate at any to remove the barriers which may prevent them and connectivity of the rights of way provision of facilities. given site. enjoying the National Park. network, including promotion, In order to identify groups and individuals we have information provision and signposting. 5.4 Facilities Where new facilities have been worked closely with a range of other bodies such as the This supports participation in outdoor Recreation management is often developed within or adjacent to the PCC Disabilities Team, Health Challenge Pembrokeshire, and countryside recreation. Access achieved through managing the Park it will be important to work with Steps2Health , drug rehabilitation, PCC Youth Services for less able people and work to associated facilities rather than developers to ensure that the best Team, the Pupil Referral Unit, and disabled, directly managing the activity itself. activity management systems are rehabilitation and carers’ groups. The range of sessions improve safety and security across provided has included indoor presentations, site-based the network are ongoing and having These facilities, such as car parks, introduced at a very early stage. toilets, signs and showers have the visits to Castell Henllys, Carew and Oriel y Parc, as well a real impact; stiles have been There is also an issue of who as practical conservation activities, guided walks and replaced by gates, more of the potential to increase the overall minibus-based tours to a number of selected locations should fund the construction and network is wheelchair-friendly, and within the National Park. A key ingredient of the programme has been taster days led by NPA staff which many routes are graded according aim to give participants the confidence to revisit in their to level of difficulty. Everyone who own time. wants to should be able to enjoy the Over the 7 years that the programme has been National Park and the NPA will running we have worked with a variety of groups and continue to work with partners to individuals. Our range of networks has grown and last remove artificial barriers to year we ran 251 outreach events with a total of 2596 participation in appropriate activities. individuals participating in the programme. Evaluation surveys and anecdotal evidence tells us that many of For example, The NPA has those who have attended outreach sessions with us have subsequently enjoyed visits to the National Park on established a network of web-walks their own and have felt better for it. across the National Park, accessible online, which vary between circular routes, gentle strolls, easy access walks and wheelchair ‘walks’. Each one includes information on the distance and likely duration of the walk, as well as information about the area and its features.

15 Rights of Way Improvement Plan for Pembrokeshire, 2007 to 2017 16 A Walking and Cycling Action Plan for Wales 2009 - 2013 37 maintenance of current and future 5.4.1 Sites and Car Parks Beach Management Target beaches for facilities. Beyond car park, mooring There are currently around 90 car Blue Flag and Green Coast and slipway charges it is unrealistic parks in the National Park of which Our beaches are one of the features that really makes Awards and usually inappropriate to charge just under half are managed by the Pembrokeshire special. Used by more than half of our visitors and greatly valued by local residents all year, Before any new beaches are put the public for use of rural recreational NPA. Others are managed by PCC, they sometimes seem like the last unmanaged place in forward for designation as Blue Flag facilities. With declining public the National Trust, and by private and the country. In fact to keep them pleasant, safe and or Green Coast Award candidates or budgets it will become increasingly community organisations. beautiful takes a good deal of investment and effort. if any change e.g. from Green Coast hard to justify funding free facilities For over 10 years PCC has led a Beaches Liaison Group to Blue Flag is proposed, the local Many of the car parks, which are where charging is a possibility. incorporating many of the agencies which are involved community council will be consulted. often the visitor’s first contact with the in beach cleaning, lifeguard provision, beach awards, There is a need to develop new Blue Flag National Park, were built in the environmental protection, water quality and dog approaches to facility provision and 1960s and 70s and would benefit management. Most of the main beach-head areas are Amroth, Broadhaven North, Dale, new partnerships with the private from significant investment. The NPA owned by public agencies, NT, NPA, or PCC and the Lydstep, Newgale, Newport, Poppit sector and user groups. Finally, the vast majority of the foreshore is leased from the Crown sands, Saundersfoot, , charges on only 10 sites, the case for facilities investment should Estate by the NPA or PCC. Tenby North, Tenby South, National Trust charge on 5 and PCC Whitesands, Coppet Hall be linked to the seasonality of use. We have developed an approach to beach on 9 sites. This creates a pleasantly While seasonal tourism brings in promotion which identifies the main resort beaches Green Coast informal experience for the visitor but significant economic benefits in high where we would like to see Blue Flag Awards, a second Cwm yr Eglwys, Abereiddi, limits income for improvement and tier of rural beaches where the infrastructure required Druidstone, Caerfai, Marloes, West season, many facilities are under- puts an uneven burden on those sites for Blue Flag status would not be appropriate but where Dale, Martins Haven, West Angle, used and do not fulfil their potential with charges. Charging on more car a Green Coast Award (Developed in Pembrokeshire) is Barafundle, Broad Haven South, outside the summer months. Reducing recognition of a fine rural beach with high water Manorbier, Priory Bay Caldey, Penally, parks would also help to increase the the seasonality of recreation is quality. There is a third tier of ‘Discovery’ beaches for Glen Beach, , Nolton attractiveness of the public transport therefore crucial to help to justify which we do not seek awards – feeling that the best Haven, Little Haven St Brides Haven, service, which has been much combination of beach management for residents and Freshwater East, , facilities investment. improved in recent years and still visitors is one which maintains some un promoted Sandy Haven. beaches with high water quality and a low level of facilities

Examples of Linked Policies for section 5.3

NPMP E1- Promote appropriate types of recreation NPMP E2- Remove barriers to people’s enjoyment of the National Park NPMP E3- Manage coastal and inland access/recreation opportunities NPMP E4 Manage access to inshore and coastal waters NPMP U2- Explain organisation’s purposes and values NPMP U3- Involve people in decision making NPMP U5- Help people to make lifestyle changes

PCNPA LDP Policy 23 PCNPA LDP Policy 45 38

requires a good deal of public signage is sensitive to the area, national changes in policy or cost, it is Commercial use of Beaches subsidy. Provision of new car parks used sparingly and placed in the likely that most visitors to the county will Most people who come to Pembrokeshire enjoy the area or extended facilities will be very most suitable locations, such as continue to come by car. for the undeveloped nature of the coast. Over many limited and will only be used to next to car parks or in coastal Once in the county though, the bus years the NPA has sought to steer away from commercial guide users towards more suitable settlements. It may also be more development of beaches and to focus only on those network has been improved significantly locations. appropriate to put information or facilities which have to have a beach side location. in recent years and is popular among exhortations into local publications, In recent years we have seen a decline in beach Car parking facilities should also those who use it. Visitor survey figures leaflets or Coast to Coast than to holidays and an increasing desire for more activity driven have facilities for locking bicycles, suggest that 14% of those interviewed erect more signage. holidays: horse riding, kite surfing, surfing, wet suit hire they form a good location for had used public transport with a summer and canoe training all use the beaches. We will continue interpretive information and make an peak of 16% and an autumn low of only to respond on a case by case basis to commercial 5.4.3 Public transport proposals considering the special qualities of the beach important first impression on visitors. Provision 4%. The Pembrokeshire Greenways and whether or not the activity draws on the special 5.4.2 On-site Information We know most people do and will Coastal Bus services provides six character of the area. dedicated bus routes serving popular Information to visitors and continue to arrive in Pembrokeshire destinations in the National Park, and recreational users allows them to by car. This is partly due to this, as well as the county bus network, make informed decisions or can Pembrokeshire’s geographical has become a valuable option to suggest alternative options or location and relatively poor public reduce car use on quiet roads. There is activities. Site based interpretation transport provision. There are train Greenways Bus Service much more potential to encourage has the power to increase connections from to people who have arrived into The Pembrokeshire Greenways Coastal Bus service environmental awareness, especially Fishguard, Milford Haven and Pembrokeshire by car to use public provide a crucial link to coastal locations and recreational if used in the areas in which the Pembroke Dock, but these services transport during their stay; at present car hotspots, allowing people to leave their cars and ease message is directly relevant. It is are not on a scale required to usage for quite short journeys is the congestion on the often small access roads to the coast. important, however, that displace cars as the main form of They have proved extremely popular with residents and transport. Unless there are major norm. staying visitors and in 2010 were made more sustainable information provision in the form of by use of recycled vegetable oil. We should recognise that demand for public transport will be lower for marine recreational activities, where people may have to wait and board buses with wet clothes in cold temperatures (especially away from summer), or where people have large amounts of gear. The coastal “walking” buses do however cater for a limited number of surfboards. As a consequence, there may be a case for locations with existing cafes or other facilities to provide hire facilities or drying or storing wetsuits and other Interpretive signage in car park at St Govans equipment. 39

Car Parking and Car Park Charges

Parking at most key recreation sites is adequate for most weeks of the year but may overflow on bank holidays and peak beach days. For decades many of the key car parks have been free to use. Reducing public budgets, pressure to make the most of assets, the need to encourage a reduction in car use and encourage use of more sustainable transport means that increasingly charges are being proposed. For many who have visited Pembrokeshire for years this is a loss of the uniqueness of the county, for others it is what they expect. Many local people are more upset than visitors because they are used to a free service and feel that charging changes the character of the visit. The matter is exacerbated because while season tickets are available, the main car park operators, National Trust, Pembrokeshire County Council and NPA do not have interchangeable tickets. However the NPA provide a discounted season ticket which is transferable between any NPA car park and at both Solva and Newgale there are cheap local residents’ tickets specifically for that car park. The introduction of charging by the NPA in 2009 at Solva does not appear to have affected the number of visitors, although there is some evidence to suggest they may have limited the length of their stay From the responses, it is clear that while the concept of charging is, as might be expected, unpopular, the emphasis on promotion of activity and enjoyment in the plan seems to clash with the idea of charging. In fact the National Park Authority charges on less than a quarter of the sites where we provide parking and it is important to stress the importance of car park income in helping to deliver our services including the maintenance and presentation of properties. Beach parking is an issue which has the potential to polarise views but in fact the only beaches where parking on the beach remain a major issue are Freshwater East and Newport Sands. On the former, parking is limited to vehicles launching boats and in the summer the slipway is controlled. At Newport, parking on the beach is seen as a locally valued ‘tradition’ and up to 200 cars may park on around half of the beach at peak times. Respondents to the Plan were divided between those who wanted no beach parking on principle and those who saw very little problem and a useful opportunity. There was a general acceptance that it is preferable to have parking in a car park than on a beach but the conservation impacts are perceived to be limited.

Actions • Explore the potential for closer working with PCC and NT on car park management. • Explore potential of discounted season ticket. • Consider grass overflow car parks on a site by site basis when reviewing car park surfaces. • Make the link between car park income and valued projects and services more evident. • Consult on slipway charging system at Freshwater East to pay for slipway and beach management. • Explore views of beach users at Newport to clarify attitudes to vehicle parking on the beach. 40

National Park Ranger Service Organised Events Managing Commercial Activities

The Ranger Service is one of the special ways in which For many activities it is only when they take place as An activity pursued by individuals may have little or no the NPA is able to add to the recreational experience of events that they require a degree of management. impact; when it is undertaken on a commercial basis the park. Originally envisaged as a management and Events can be a good way to introduce new people to the situation may change. For many commercial ‘policing’ service, the rangers now work as part of area the National Park and may have significant economic activities, initiatives like the Marine Code and Outdoor teams with wardens (who provide site and rights of way and health benefits. Charter already provide a good foundation for a management services) and divide their time between relationship to reduce impacts and manage activities The NPA is often asked to provide in kind support practical involvement in access and conservation tasks and these voluntary agreements have reduced calls for for recreational events and as a rule will only provide and community links including contributing to more formal controls. such support if; environmental education activities and outreach In recent years though, with increased levels of use programmes. They work with a variety of volunteer 1. The activity can contribute to Park purposes – and diversity of activity there has also been a trend groups including the NPA’s own Voluntary Wardens to provision of enjoyment or understanding of the towards licensing activities that take place on a deliver practical work and activities. special qualities of the Park or their conservation. commercial basis on land in both public and private We have partnership posts with specific recreation 2. There are demonstrable benefits in terms of health, ownership. Examples include licensing kite surfing on management roles such as the Castlemartin Ranger local economy or promotion of sustainability. Newgale by the NPA, licencing of commercial (CCW & MOD) who provides information and monitors coasteering by the NT and parking charges for outdoor 3. There are no expected significant issues with cliff climbing restrictions on the MOD land in south centres at Abereiddi. This may be used as a way to damage to habitats, damage to path surfaces, Pembrokeshire. We also have a partnership with Bourne generate income – usually associated with management species disturbance or any major disruption of other Leisure who employ rangers who receive training and costs, to ensure high standards of behaviour or to limit users’ enjoyment. mentoring from their local National Park Ranger. This or spread out numbers of operators. post has evolved from an experimental 3 month post 4. The organisers have appropriate licences and For many, one of the attractions of Pembrokeshire is seed-funded by the NPA in 1999 to two core all-year insurances. a comparative lack of regulation and red tape but posts within the Bourne Leisure teams. 5. The organisers are willing to work with the NPA another attraction is the lack of overcrowding and the The Ranger role has the potential to integrate many from an early stage to agree venues, timing and fine environment. The responses showed a clear division of the National Park purposes at a local level and contingency plans so that any unwanted impacts between those who saw licenses as a valuable way of becomes a lead contact for the Authority in the area, can be reduced. Event holders should contact the control and those who were concerned about over working with community councils and local groups, relevant Community Councils and affected regulation and increased operating costs. There was schools, National Trust wardens, PCC beach wardens landowners. more support for controls for parking and facility and a wide variety of service providers. maintenance than purely for access. Licensing should be 6. If the event provides a good opportunity to linked better to the management of the activity, communicate National Park messages. provision of facilities or agreed management systems Events which do not meet these criteria would not be e.g. Outdoor Charter. supported by the NPA but we will work with organisers to try and reduce impacts and encourage good practice especially when these are out of the peak tourist season.

Ranger brings the site alive 41

suitable for launching increasingly large vessels. We will seek to encourage the use of more appropriate sites for large craft where there is better infrastructure and parking.

We recognise the social and economic benefits that these sites bring to the local economy. However the sheer number and range of launch sites means that it is hard to introduce management to ensure that users and operators follow environmental codes of practice and are suitably insured and skilled to operate their craft. From the point of view of sustainability, Solva harbour tranquillity and impact on other users and wildlife, we would wish to 5.4.4 Marinas, harbours North coast are critical sites for promote sailing, rowing and other and slipways seal pupping and much of the coast non-motorised recreation in particular The Welsh Assembly Government’s as far as is greatly from these sites. Watersports strategy, “Catching the valued for its remote and wild We will look for sustainability Wave” recorded 11 harbours, qualities. improvements in marinas and marinas and yacht stations in harbours and work though These major facilities are Pembrokeshire. In addition, planning partnerships such as the Milford supplemented by around 20 smaller permission has been granted for 2 Haven Waterway Recreation Group harbours and mooring areas around major new marina developments at to encourage good practice in the coastline outside the Haven, Fishguard and Pembroke Dock, dealing with such issues as sewage mostly locally regulated and charged providing 540 and 260 berths discharges, removal of scraped anti- at low annual rates. There are respectively when complete. The fouling, control of bilge water around 50 slipways and launching operation of the marina in discharges and provision of recycling points in the county; these are mainly Fishguard in particular will need facilities. careful management because to the unmanaged and give free, immediate West the overfall areas unregulated access to the estuary off Strumble Head are important for and sea. Some of these slipways are cetaceans and rafting seabirds. The at the end of long, single track roads cliffed beaches of much of the or in tight locations which are not 42

Examples of Linked Policies for section 5.4 Fast Power Craft NPMP E1- Promote appropriate types of recreation Among those who value tranquillity or who pursue un-powered watersports there is a certain level of annoyance and irritation about fast power craft and especially about personal watercraft. For others these are their preferred way to enjoy the inshore NPMP E2- Remove barriers to peoples enjoyment waters and they cannot see that they cause any harm. Once on the water, the scale of the surroundings and the comparative of the National Park scarcity of craft make it hard to imagine that your activity is annoying to anyone, but for those who come for peace or live on NPMP E3- Manage coastal and inland the coast, even a fairly distant PWC may be intensely irritating. The NPA occasionally receives letters saying ‘How can you access/recreation opportunities permit this activity in a National Park’ but in fact the Authority has no power on the sea or estuary and works with partners such as the Milford Haven Port Authority and the PCC who each have bye-law making powers. NPMP E4 Manage access to inshore and coastal waters In table 2 on page 28 fast power craft generally fall into the category 4 – the class that needs to be treated with most care. However the relatively small number of incidents and the widespread areas of use means that this may be a situation where the NPMP U2- Explain organisations purposes and values resources to monitor and police activities are both well beyond the capacity of the partner bodies and indeed may be quite NPMP U3- Involve people in decision making disproportionate in comparison with the problems caused. Actions need to be focussed on organisations which can make most impact and locations where impacts are most important. This has been a good reason why the Pembrokeshire Marine Code, NPMP U5- Help people to make lifestyle changes which seeks a combination of awareness raising and voluntary agreement has been a focus of activity and funding in this area. 1. The Pembrokeshire Marine Code has had a degree of success in working with both commercial boat operators and private PCNPA LDP Policy 23 individuals. There has however been a lack of support for the code from some operators and it has been difficult to maintain progress. The principles of the code however need to be maintained and promoted. PCNPA LDP Policy 45 2. Maintain the current PWC monitoring programme to keep a record of incidents and problems PCNPA LDP Policy 51 3. Encourage slipway and mooring owners, both private and public sector to require users to show evidence of appropriate training and insurance PCNPA LDP Policy 52 4. Encourage PCC to update bathing water byelaws at the earliest opportunity PCNPA LDP Policy 53 5. Continue to provide leaflets and information promoting good practice. 6. Lobby central government and the Welsh Assembly for increased control of power craft operating in environmentally sensitive areas.

Power craft speeding through rafting sea birds 43

Marine Leisure development At present the Marine Leisure sector in Pembrokeshire is not growing as quickly as other areas of the UK. However an increase is anticipated and planned for the future. This has the potential to affect the levels of activity both in the coastal waters around our coast and in the access to water infrastructure. The development of a new marina at Fishguard and potential marina developments on the Milford Haven Waterway will undoubtedly increase traffic along the Waterway and around the coast. This may be coupled with an increase of ‘launchable’ craft using slipways, augmented by the increased popularity of ‘Dry-stack’ facilities at Neyland and Milford. Boat trips out to the Islands to appreciate the wildlife will be part of this increased marine leisure activity. This emerging sector will require careful management in order to minimise any possible negative impact on the coastal environment. However, it should be remembered that it is for the enjoyment of these excellent water-sports and cruising waters, linked with the clean environment and bountiful wildlife, that attracts this sector to the Park in the first place. Where there are harbour byelaws and management there is a good chance that increased use can be managed to reduce major impacts but for most of the inland waters around Pembrokeshire there are no byelaws (apart from bathing water byelaws off swimming beaches), no potential to create such byelaws and no system to limit, police or even monitor activity. Most slipways and launch points are unstaffed. If we want to expand levels of use significantly it is essential that good information and explanation is given in mooring and marina guides and that peer pressure is used to promote responsible use. The Marine Code once again is a key initiative. 44

6 Monitoring and While these may not directly 6.1 Triggers to review Evaluation determine the effectiveness of elements of Plan recreation planning, they will provide This Plan may be reviewed more evidence of the impacts this Plan is Recreational planning is an ongoing frequently if certain trigger situations having on the wider community and process based around the principles arise. These may include; environment. Furthermore, evidence laid out in this Plan. Monitoring and on future trends will help to shape our evaluation will be a crucial step to • Development of major new recreation policies today. The Wales establishing progress in implementing facilities that may have a knock- Activity Mapping web based GIS this Plan and the future direction of on effect on the surrounding system and project will assist in recreation planning in general. The environment. certain aspects of monitoring data gathered by the Wales Activity • Introduction of new activities on a change, highlighting management Mapping project surveying levels significant scale. issues and will be utilised where and locations of recreational • Significant cuts in funding that appropriate in the evaluation of the activities in coastal areas of threaten core services. Plan. Pembrokeshire, , • Research indicating significant and Bay will be This Plan will be reviewed on a 5 impacts of recreation on valued used as baseline. yearly basis using the most up-to date features. information provided by the Wales • New opportunities being Gaps in data and information Activity Mapping, in order that it recognised or available. should be filled to improve the basis remains relevant to the needs and • Implications of The Marine and of our decision-making. This level of pressures of future recreational Coastal Access Act 2009 e.g. monitoring is not at present available activities. Highly Protected Marine within existing budgets. If this Plan is Conservation Zones and their to be monitored and developed, staff impacts on recreation. time or funds will need to be allocated both to develop the actions but also to monitor changes in levels of use and indirect benefits of recreational promotion. This will involve a combination of on-the- ground surveys, monitoring visitor numbers and expenditures, but also more indirect indicators, such as the state of biodiversity, local incomes and public health.

Paragliding 45

7 Conclusion recreational users themselves to ranked highly among local people come into conflict. Capacity, when using the National Park whilst Enjoyment of the National Park’s congestion, disturbance, litter, future visiting natural attractions is ranked special qualities is obviously an demand, and climate change are as the main reason for visiting end in itself; it also contributes all factors that may have an impact Pembrokeshire. Combined with the significantly to people’s health and upon the special qualities and our importance of recreation to people’s wellbeing and is a mainstay of the enjoyment of the National Park. health and wellbeing, the need to protect, promote, and sustainably region’s economy. By managing the The use of Recreation Character manage recreation so that we and landscape that people come to Areas in our spatial approach future generations can enjoy the enjoy and the Pembrokeshire Coast should give an indication into our National Park is a huge Path, inland rights of way, beaches view of what activities we will responsibility. We can only achieve and car parks that the majority of promote and where. By considering this if we work together, not only visitors use, the NPA and its the values which most people place with other public sector bodies but partners manage and protect some on particular areas (in particular the with voluntary organisations and of the most important “facilities” in mix of tranquillity, visual character everyone who uses and enjoys the Pembrokeshire. and biodiversity), we can assess National Park and its special how recreation will impact on the We realise that outdoor qualities. recreation can lead people to have wider landscape, and begin to an increased regard for the define a compatible level of environment and can generate recreational activity, associated increased support and commitment facilities and access. Whilst the to National Park purposes and to regulatory powers and tools that sustainability in general. This Plan are in place to manage recreation uses the special qualities of the are not all-encompassing, our National Park to place the ability to raise awareness and environment at the heart of responsibility, promote activities and recreation management, and show provide access and infrastructure that conservation and public will aid us in managing recreation enjoyment, the two statutory in the National Park. purposes of National Parks in the Pembrokeshire contains some of UK, are not only compatible but the best opportunities for outdoor can be complementary. recreation in Europe, provides While most recreation takes approximately a quarter of the total place informally and without income in the National Park and adverse impact, there is potential has some of the highest proportions for recreation to compromise the of resident recreation use in Wales. area’s special qualities, and for Enjoying the scenery and wildlife is 46 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas

Resort Beach Coast - Developed Formal Resort Beach Coast - Developed Formal The resort beach coast contains the most intensive areas for recreation and accommodation, and includes the important towns of Tenby and Saundersfoot in the South East of the National Park.

Visitors are attracted to the coast for upon Victorian and Georgian motorised craft, Personal Water the fine and expansive beaches, architecture. The area currently Craft (PWC) and speed boating. fronted by attractive larger possesses an attractive balance of Other activities include passive settlements providing more traditional elegance and beachside beach activities, swimming, angling, extensive facilities and resort. The built environment and sailing and canoeing, while the area entertainment. The beaches and sea working industry give the area a contains one of the most popular are safe, clean and accessible, and liveliness relative to other areas of sections of the Pembrokeshire Coast offer a range of activities, the National Park. Path, with high numbers of dog- encouraging family recreation. walkers. Amroth to Saundersfoot There are significant Access and parking is good though has one of the few coastal caravanning, camping and hotel there are inevitable limitations in cycleways in the county and there is accommodation opportunities. As high season. Tenby and a new link inland to Stepaside – the such, the coast is the most Saundersfoot possess attractive and start of a PCC North-South intensively used stretch in IIIIIIIIIIIIIII developing urban characters based Pembrokeshire Trail. Beach Activities (passive) Pembrokeshire, in particular for Beach Activities (active) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Canoeing/Sea Kayaking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Climbing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Coasteering IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Cycling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dinghy Sailing/Yachting IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Diving IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dog Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Horse Riding (bridleway) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Beach Riding IIIIIIIIIIIIIII PWC/Jet skiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Power Kite flying IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Kite Surfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Land Yachting IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Motorised Land Activities IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Power Boating IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Rowing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Angling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Snorkelling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Surfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Swimming IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Waterskiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Wildlife Boat Trips IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Windsurfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII For key see page 31 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas 47

Issues from organised trips) and Amroth has The main issue is the seasonality of recreation, banned PWC launching in the last few which can leave resorts and towns empty in years. low season and put exceptional pressures on Smaller resort beaches with a low level facilities at peak periods. The high numbers of of built development have a potential to people and range of activities have the become focuses of new recreation, potential to cause user-user conflicts in busy especially where this can extend the season areas, especially at the coast and inshore or provides ways for active and sustainable waters. Motorised water craft in particular recreation. An expanded range of activities have the greatest potential to disturb other should not automatically be associated with recreation unless used responsibly. additional built development. It is in this Priorities for management area however that there has been the most There are no popular activities which should potential for commercial development of be excluded in principle in the resort beach beach activities. Elsewhere licensing will zone. This area is already a focus for built generally be limited to activities which facilities to cater for the beach market, as well promote active enjoyment and which are as for the more intrusive activities. There is a not served by existing facilities. In this area case that, in comparison with the rest of the priorities for management are to minimise county, craft such as PWC could be tolerated user-user conflicts between recreational in these areas, given adequate training and activities and ensure motorised recreation is insurance. Having said that, both Tenby and conducted with adequate tuition, insurance Saundersfoot harbours restrict PWC use (apart and responsibility. 48 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas

Beach Coast - Developed Semi-natural Beach Coast - Developed Semi-natural This zone includes the areas between Giltar Point and Castlemartin Range in the South, and much of the National Park around St Bride’s Bay, and covers the beaches of Freshwater East and West, Barafundle Bay, Newgale and Druidston. It is characterised by a predominantly low coastline, with small and large beaches and relatively easy access and launching opportunities. Car parking is generally good in most places. Popular activities include active and passive family beach activities, walking, cycling, horse riding, swimming, surfing and sailing.

The coastline is often Issues Priorities for management spectacular, linked by the Coast There are significant recreation The opportunity to promote a high- Path, and small communities opportunities in the beach coast for quality, high-value product in these full of character offer recreation both local residents and visitors. In areas is great, as the scenery is often facilities for beginners and high season, however, access along stunning, and there are facilities such experts, as well as pubs and small roads and congestion in the as pubs and cafes in these areas. restaurants in selected small coastal villages can be Recreation of a type and scale that locations. For many people, the detrimental to the special qualities will not cause major issues in the beach coast and its of the area, and create conflict with small villages or on the beaches/beach surroundings represent the local residents. Much recreational heads should be encouraged. Beach Activities (passive) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII image of Pembrokeshire as a activity occurs harmoniously Beach Activities (active) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Care needs to be taken not to destination and support the however, and there is spare capacity Canoeing/Sea Kayaking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII introduce too many urbanising IIIIIIIIIIIIIII county’s reputation in Wales outside high season, which could be Climbing touches into the landscape of the Coasteering IIIIIIIIIIIIIII and the UK. utilised. Cycling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dinghy Sailing/Yachting IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Diving IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dog Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Horse Riding (bridleway) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Beach Riding IIIIIIIIIIIIIII PWC/Jet skiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Power Kite flying IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Kite Surfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Land Yachting IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Motorised Land Activities IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Power Boating IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Rowing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Angling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Snorkelling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Surfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Swimming IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Waterskiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Wildlife Boat Trips IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Windsurfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII For key see page 31 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas 49 beach coast. Traditional recreational anglers aware of problems uses – walking, riding, canoeing, associated with lost tackle and litter. sailing and so on – can be encouraged in such locations, In this area authorities can depending on the character of the promote beach use, and activities individual sites, but additional car such as walking and swimming but parking and formal facilities should access and facilities need to reflect be limited and an effort to reduce the scale of beaches and car use should be made. The communities. Opportunities should introduction of new access routes, be taken to develop an improved especially for cycling and horse multi-user route network for riding, are possible. High speed use walking and cycling and linking of inshore waters is generally local communities to the coast and discouraged, although it may be to encourage a longer season. more suitable here out of peak Beach-based hire should be limited season than in more remote to activities which make the most of locations. Cliff angling is especially the special qualities of the beach popular on headlands in this zone and which are not already served by and more work is needed to make existing facilities locally. 50 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas

Small Bay Coast - Accessible Natural Small Bay Coast - Accessible Natural The Small Bay Coast is characterised by cliffs backed by agricultural land, overlooking small bays. Access and parking is more limited than the beach coast, as are launching and landing opportunities, reducing the capacity for intensive recreation requiring a large amount of space. Narrow roads and small slipways mean that the scale of craft suitable for launching here are often limited. There is a perception of greater tranquillity and wildness, with little intrusive de - velopment outside small coastal communities, most of which balance traditional industries with self-catered cottages. The coastline in particular is regarded as undeveloped, creating a sense of connection to the sea’s influence and the wildlife within it.

Examples of the Small Bay coast The coast is also defined in parts by Issues include the North West stretch of its opportunities for active niche- As with the Beach Coast, most the National Park either side of (but based outdoor recreation, often in issues relate to the ability of the not including) Strumble Head, small numbers but significant to the small bay coast to withstand the extending westwards to activity itself. Pembrokeshire has seasonal increase in recreation, and (including the villages of Abereiddi internationally important sites for associated impacts of congestion and Porthgain) and eastwards to several outdoor activities, such as and litter along small roads and in Newport. climbing, diving and coasteering. small communities. This is Beach Activities (passive) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII particularly true for areas used for Beach Activities (active) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Canoeing/Sea Kayaking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Climbing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Coasteering IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Cycling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dinghy Sailing/Yachting IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Diving IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dog Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Horse Riding (bridleway) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Beach Riding IIIIIIIIIIIIIII PWC/Jet skiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Power Kite flying IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Kite Surfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Land Yachting IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Motorised Land Activities IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Power Boating IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Rowing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Angling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Snorkelling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Surfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Swimming IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Waterskiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Wildlife Boat Trips IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Windsurfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII For key see page 31 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas 51 several activities, or for the to wildlife and geology are This area is generally suitable for a settlements used as embarkation encouraged only with responsible range of specialist low-volume active points for wildlife trips to the use. Activities such as swimming, recreation for both visitors and local islands. Certain activities, such as snorkelling, cycling and walking residents. Certain activities which cliff jumping, are a safety concern, should be actively promoted in have the potential to impact upon while poor practice or over-heavy these areas. each other should be managed or use has the potential to disturb cliff- redirected and codes of practice Active adventure and exploration nesting birds, trample ecosystems or introduced where necessary to avoid sports have the potential to support cause cliff erosion. damage or disturbance. Parking and the drive towards a more year-round access opportunities should continue Priorities for management recreation product, and are also a to be limited so that the character of Most non-motorised activities are fun and exciting way of getting local the areas is maintained. encouraged in principle in the Small children and adults involved in sport Bay zone. However, the access and and recreation at a beginner’s level. capacity limitations of much of the Greatest encouragement should be area and importance of peace and given to those activities with least tranquillity to the majority of users environmental impact, and those must be considered. The main activities, which support good factor which limits use is provision training and codes of practice, such of parking and access and this as climbing. More support and should not be further developed so promotion will be given as good that the character of the wider area practice and responsible is maintained. Other activities with management are demonstrated. the potential to cause disturbance 52 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas

Wild Cliff Coast - Remote Natural Wild Cliff Coast - Remote Natural The wild cliff coast is characterised by open wilder land and seascapes, extensive views, a high level of exposure and remoteness, high rocky cliffs and islets and sparse settlements. Intensity of recreational use is low, vegetation is predominantly grassland and scrub, with upland agricultural landscapes and more isolated settlements. Access to coastal locations, as well as parking, is limited and there is little capacity for motorised access or beach activities in large numbers.

Beach Activities (passive) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Beach Activities (active) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Canoeing/Sea Kayaking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Climbing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Coasteering IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Cycling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dinghy Sailing/Yachting IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Diving IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dog Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Horse Riding (bridleway) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Beach Riding n/a The feeling of isolation is highly Walking is a predominant Issues PWC/Jet skiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII valued in the wild cliff coast, activity, supported by some Access is poor in many locations and Power Kite flying IIIIIIIIIIIIIII supported by the absence of cycling, swimming, canoeing, cliff unsuitable for large vehicles or Kite Surfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIII large settlements. The main angling and other “quiet” launching of water craft, while military Land Yachting Motorised Land Activities IIIIIIIIIIIIIII recreation experience is activities. Field studies and wildlife activity around the Castlemartin Range Power Boating IIIIIIIIIIIIIII characterised by landscapes watching are also available. The limits recreation to certain times. The Rowing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII unchanged in 200 years, by use of PWC and fast powered Range at Castlemartin has an Angling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII solitude and tranquillity (or craft would not be encouraged Integrated Land Management Plan Snorkelling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIII wildness if the weather is the both because of wildlife interest (ILMP) which includes a recreation Surfing Swimming IIIIIIIIIIIIIII dominant disturbance). Often and to preserve this sense of section. A jointly funded National Park Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII access is by foot only or from the remoteness. Ranger leads on recreation issues on Waterskiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII water. the Range and this Plan reflects the Wildlife Boat Trips IIIIIIIIIIIIIII issues identified in more detail in the Windsurfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII For key see page 31 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas 53

ILMP. Facilities in these areas are access, for example on Range West of deliberately limited to maintain the Castlemartin should only be promoted (If it sense of unmanaged wildness. Active could be agreed with MOD) with recreation is potentially farther from monitoring and regular re-assessment. rescue services. One big future challenge will be to manage the recreation around Strumble Head arising from the new marina.

Priorities for management Development is constrained but special care needs to be taken not to introduce discordant elements, such as artificial surfaces, signage and furniture into the landscape. These are places where the legitimate use of the sea or group use of cliffs or coast may cause an unwelcome intrusion onto the landscape so that facilities on adjacent developed coasts must be managed to ensure that users are aware and respect the character of the visitor experience alongside them. Quiet recreation in small groups will be encouraged, but it is essential that their popularity does not impact upon the character of the remote cliff coast, which people hold dear. In general, fewer events and activities will be actively encouraged than in busier areas: motorised activities will not be encouraged at all, and those activities that can be encouraged should take increased care and ensure they act responsibly. This is an area where discovery and wildness should have priority. New activities should be introduced in consultation and with caution and intrusive or conflicting activities should be limited where possible. Additional 54 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas

Islands - Accessible Natural and Remote Natural Islands - Accessible Natural and Remote Natural The islands around Pembrokeshire are unique isolated microcosms of natural and human activity, varying according to their location and exposure to the sea. They range from the settled island of Caldey, with low cliffs and sheltered bays, to the wilder islands of Skomer, Skokholm, Grassholm and Ramsey to the west of the county, which contain extensive and important cliff top, intertidal and marine ecosystems.

Beach Activities (passive) n/a Beach Activities (active) n/a Canoeing/Sea Kayaking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Climbing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Coasteering IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Cycling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dinghy Sailing/Yachting IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Diving IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dog Walking n/a Horse Riding (bridleway) n/a Beach Riding n/a PWC/Jet skiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Power Kite flying IIIIIIIIIIIIIII The natural heritage of the islands, values with recreation is therefore least known, people usually arrive at Kite Surfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII and archaeological diversity are especially important to minimise one point and can be greeted and Land Yachting IIIIIIIIIIIIIII primary values to be considered. long-term adverse impacts. The briefed. The waters around the Motorised Land Activities IIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Most of the coast and waters sense of remoteness and coastal islands are extremely popular with a Power Boating Rowing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII around the islands are protected by splendour are also fundamental to variety of marine recreational Angling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII national and international the quality of the environment. activities, especially diving, Snorkelling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII conservation legislation. Tourism snorkelling, swimming, canoeing Surfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII and recreation are primarily Issues and kayaking, sailing and wildlife Swimming IIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIII dependent on the health of the Management of the land on the boat trips. Caldey Island contains a Walking Waterskiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII natural environment and the islands is easier because numbers Cistercian Monastery, which attracts Wildlife Boat Trips IIIIIIIIIIIIIII integration of these conservation arriving can be limited or are at day visitors from Tenby. Care must Windsurfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII For key see page 31 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas 55 be taken with access around the islands at certain times of the year with selective zoning to protect seal and dolphin populations.

Priorities for management The main activities that can be encouraged with minimal management on and around the islands are snorkelling, swimming and walking. Wildlife trips can also be encouraged providing operators follow the marine code, which ensures a level of responsibility towards ecosystems and species. Zoning around the islands currently limits motorised craft at certain times of the year. Collaboration with conservation managers and island inhabitants seeks to find ways of encouraging sustainable recreation, which allows more people to see wildlife in their natural habitats, so building up future environmental awareness. Island recreation is fundamentally dependent on the biodiversity of the area and any activity which may threaten or impact on this diversity should be discouraged. 56 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas

Estuaries - Developed Semi-natural Estuaries - Developed Semi-natural One of the few sheltered stretches of the National Park, the Daugleddau estuary is a sensitive area of low energy, relatively low wind speeds and a real sense of silence upstream, even with its proximity to Milford Haven and Pembroke Dock energy and ferry terminals. The environment is characterised by mudflats, salt marshes and reed beds, with coniferous and deciduous woodland in places. The Pembrokeshire Coast Marine SAC includes the entire stretch of the estuary, showcasing important marine species, such as tide swept sponges and molluscs.

Beach Activities (passive) n/a Beach Activities (active) n/a Canoeing/Sea Kayaking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Climbing n/a Coasteering n/a Cycling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dinghy Sailing/Yachting IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Diving IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dog Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Horse Riding (bridleway) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Beach Riding IIIIIIIIIIIIIII PWC/Jet skiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII The area is popular with boating of historic agricultural and industrial designed to reduce noise, speed and Power Kite flying IIIIIIIIIIIIIII all types, such as sailing, motor landscapes, which can be used for disturbance to the ecosystem. Kite Surfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII craft, canoeing and rowing. In the the basis of guided visits and Land Yachting n/a Motorised Land Activities IIIIIIIIIIIIIII lower Haven a Water Taxi ran from exploration. Issues Power Boating IIIIIIIIIIIIIII 2008 to 2010. Walking and cycling Recreational activities for large There is a Water Recreation Plan Rowing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII also occur regularly, and shore numbers of people have the Angling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII produced by the Milford Haven Port angling and associated bait digging potential to disturb the tranquillity Snorkelling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Authority (MHPA) in partnership and occurs throughout the area. The of the area. While the ecosystem, Surfing n/a a water ski zone reaches upstream Swimming IIIIIIIIIIIIIII estuary is an excellent place to while not as glamorous as the coast, to Lawrenny, while the majority of Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII introduce young people and is important for wildlife and cannot the upper estuary is a no-planing Waterskiing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII beginners for many of these disperse pollutants and discharges Wildlife Boat Trips IIIIIIIIIIIIIII zone backed by MHPA byelaws, activities. The area has important as effectively as the open coast. In Windsurfing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII For key see page 31 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas 57 the narrower estuary sections, noise is Promotion of the estuary would be The promotion of suitable water particularly intrusive for other users desirable, especially for low-impact land recreation in this zone must be in full and householders and though the activities, since it is not currently conjunction with the Milford Haven Port high tidal range means that wash from associated with the National Park in the Authority, who manage recreation on large or fast craft is not as erosive as it minds of visitors. The area also offers the waterway. is on some rivers, wake is still an issue. residents and visitors a genuinely This is an area where there is greater different landscape experience. capacity for recreation. Management Priorities for management The importance of the mud flats for needs to be through the existing The Haven and Daugleddau as a wildlife makes bait digging and shellfish partnerships and more local use of the whole has a huge variety of gathering activities which cause concern Haven through initiatives with nearby recreational opportunities and space if they are pursued commercially but the towns should be a priority. The can be found for nearly every scope for management is limited. development and management of new recreational activity on the water. Shooting also takes place on some parts marinas at Pembroke Dock or improved Within the National Park however the of the foreshore under a licence from the launching facilities need to contribute to Recreation Plan recognises that the Crown Estate including a no shooting reducing congestion pressures from upper estuary is more suited to low area on the Eastern Cleddau under the smaller launch sites. energy recreation and that high-speed Daugleddau Sanctuary Order. A craft should slow down above management plan is in operation for this Lawrenny. activity which is generally very low key. 58 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas

Inland Valleys - Accessible Natural Inland Valleys - Accessible Natural and Remote Natural and Remote Natural Lowland inland valleys are characterised by secluded low-lying woodlands, heath, secluded settlements with traditional cottages and a mosaic agricultural network. Many areas show evidence of prehistoric settlement and activity.

Beach Activities (passive) n/a Beach Activities (active) n/a Canoeing/Sea Kayaking n/a Climbing n/a Coasteering n/a Cycling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dinghy Sailing/Yachting n/a Diving n/a Dog Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Horse Riding (bridleway) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Beach Riding n/a PWC/Jet skiing n/a These are tranquil and often These inland valleys are sheltered Activities with the potential to Power Kite flying IIIIIIIIIIIIIII intimate areas, relatively sheltered environments, which have been develop include walking, horse Kite Surfing n/a Land Yachting n/a when compared to the open coast, shaped less by the influence of the riding, cycling (both lane cycling and Motorised Land Activities IIIIIIIIIIIIIII and which retain a traditional sea as the development of mountain biking) and bird- Power Boating n/a feeling due to the lack of or careful agriculture, creating an area of watching, which maintain the Rowing n/a control of recent development. distinctive cultural landscape relative tranquillity. Shooting is also Angling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII There is potential to develop the to other areas of the National Park. observed in selected locations but if Snorkelling n/a Surfing n/a rural economies of settlements As such the values of remoteness low key rarely causes management Swimming n/a within inland valleys, while and tranquillity and historic built problems. Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII maintaining their cultural and resource (with current land use) are Waterskiing n/a historic identity. proportionally higher in the inland Wildlife Boat Trips n/a valleys. Windsurfing n/a For key see page 31 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas 59

Issues Priorities for management There are fewer direct conflicts There is potential in the inland between recreation and the valleys to use the development of environment in inland areas, partly the rights of way network to due to the lower numbers and establish walking, cycling and horse lower range of activities possible in riding throughout these areas, these locations. Congestion at small which have little impact upon the car parks and on small lanes can, sense of peace unless large numbers however, occur at certain times of are involved. Facilities should be year. Recreation must also respect limited outside of settlements to the agricultural landscape and appropriate signage and every working communities of the local encouragement to use public population. transport or cycle to destinations should be given. 60 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas

Inland Commons and Hills - Inland Commons and Hills - Accessible and Remote Natural Accessible and Remote Natural This area is characterised by open expansive upland areas, often occupied for thousands of years, with distinctive views from hilltops. Most of the inland hills rise above 100 metres to well over 300 metres, with a maximum of 536 metres. Much of the landscape is mountainous and exposed, with open moorland and heath. There are significant areas of coniferous woodland, especially on the southern slopes. The Preseli Hills have exceptional geological value, having supplied the dolerite (bluestone) for the inner circle.

Beach Activities (passive) n/a Beach Activities (active) n/a Canoeing/Sea Kayaking n/a Climbing IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Coasteering n/a Cycling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Dinghy Sailing/Yachting n/a Diving n/a Dog Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Horse Riding (bridleway) IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Beach Riding n/a PWC/Jet skiing n/a Power Kite flying IIIIIIIIIIIIIII Kite Surfing n/a There is a sense of remoteness and has gone before, rather than how activities here is lower than at the Land Yachting n/a IIIIIIIIIIIIIII exposure on these broad inland hills the sea is shaping the coast in coast, but most non-motorised Motorised Land Activities Power Boating n/a that is distinct from the remoteness future. activities can be encouraged as their Rowing n/a felt at coastal locations, supported use is low relative to coastal Angling IIIIIIIIIIIIIII by the altitude and relative These inland hills offer recreation hotspots. A new horse-riding trail Snorkelling n/a inaccessibility. The value of the for walkers, dog-walkers and was opened over the Preseli Hills in Surfing n/a historic landscape and the past 2008 by PLANED and a permissive Swimming n/a cyclists, although the area is also Walking IIIIIIIIIIIIIII human influence (such as evidence used for orienteering, motorised Bridleway across some of the St Waterskiing n/a of past settlements or ritual sites) bikes and even snow-sports when Davids Commons has been agreed Wildlife Boat Trips n/a adds to this sense of place, of what conditions allow. The range of by the NPA with landowners Windsurfing n/a For key see page 31 Appendix A - Pembrokeshire Character Areas 61 including the NT and has increased management issues with present makes use of the cultural landscape. access opportunities. levels of use. A relatively new Vehicle recreation is inappropriate in activity – paragliding – is becoming most of these areas as they have Issues increasing popular and causing neither legal access and nor robust Issues on the inland commons concern to local graziers. The NPA route surfaces. mainly relate to the impact on and Outdoor Charter Group are There is particular opportunity in existing land use of recreation, as seeking agreement between users, the wooded areas on the southern well as impacts upon the sense of graziers and local farmers. slopes to develop multi-user routes remoteness and exposure for other and to examine the potential for recreational users. Erosion along Priorities for management more technical mountain bike trails paths is also possible in the most Recreation should be promoted with which are generally lacking in well-used areas. The rights of way the knowledge and support of local Pembrokeshire. Historic and network and treatment of common landowners and communities, and it geological themes are particularly land requires a different approach to should be clearly marked, albeit important in these areas. signage and waymarking to identify with minimal signage, where routes for walkers, cyclists and horse walking, cycling, riding and so on riders. Responsible use – for can be enjoyed, so that users do not example by dog walkers and stray onto unsuitable land. Low- mountain bikes – is important but scale recreation can be encouraged given that, there are few and promoted, especially that which 62 Appendix B - Main Recreational Activities

Beach Activities

Beach Activities are extremely popular and take place on most sandy beaches in the county. There are at least 55 beaches around Pembrokeshire with a range of types and nearly all have reliably good water quality. A regularly identified attraction of Pembrokeshire is the lack of overcrowding at most beaches. Those beaches close to urban centres tend to be used by a higher proportion of local residents. The most popular beaches are those at Poppit Sands, Whitesands Bay, Newgale, Freshwater East, Manorbier and Tenby to Amroth. Beach activities are usually organised independently at short notice and are seasonal from Spring to Autumn peaking in Summer.

Beach Activities

The user levels and mapping in this section have been taken from the Wales Activity Mapping project, formerly the South West Wales Recreation Audit and simplified. Not all activities have accompanying maps and not all locations for each activity are shown. The dots are relative solely for each activity and should not be compared across activities. For more spatial information and data see www.walesactivitymapping.org.uk/

The dots on the maps are relative solely for each activity and should not be compared across activities Appendix B - Main Recreational Activities 63

Canoeing / Sea Kayaking River and lake Canoeing Climbing

Canoeing occurs across the county at a range of The Daugleddau Estuary, the Nevern estuary and the Organised climbing accounts for around 7,000 climber ability levels, from beginners in small managed Teifi estuary are navigable as far as the tidal limit and days per year in Pembrokeshire, with between 100- groups to more independent experienced paddlers. are popular for both kayaking and Canadian 150 local climbers. The most popular location is It is a popular activity with young people. There are canoeing. Both the Cleddau and Teifi are used by around Stackpole and the Castlemartin Range, as well numerous sea kayaking trips to observe wildlife, commercial activity providers as well as by individuals as the stretches of coast between Strumble Head and while surf kayaking occurs at beaches such as and family groups. No rivers in Pembrokeshire have St David’s Head, and around Lydstep/Giltar Point. Whitesands and Newgale. While there are a number rights of navigation above tidal limits but unlicensed Access to climbs in Range West has improved in of suitable access opportunities, the sites which see canoeing takes place sporadically on the Gwaun, recent years. the most use is where there is easy parking, access, Nevern, Eastern and Western Cleddau. This causes Most climbing takes place in small groups, or in non-challenging conditions and often where suitable some conflict with anglers and landowners although larger groups with activity centres. Soloing/free outdoor centres can provide facilities. Canoeing much of the use is at times of spate when other users climbing over water is also growing in popularity. mainly occurs between Spring and Autumn peaking are perhaps less active. The current government Climbing has an excellent club structure, which shows in Summer, but certain locations see year-round advice is that on-water access should be achieved responsibility towards the conservation of climbing activity, such as Solva and Stackpole. through negotiated agreements but complex sites, and there are well-respected temporary and landownership makes this unrealistic in permanent restrictions relating to breeding and Pembrokeshire and with the proximity of the sea and nesting sites. Climbing is a year-round activity, estuaries, river canoe use is never likely to be a high although most popular between Spring and Autumn, priority issue for canoeists in Pembrokeshire. and there is some demand for better indoor climbing Canoe use is possible at Llys y Fran on the facilities for winter and bad weather practice, as well reservoir managed as a country park by D wˆ r Cymru - as beginners’ tuition. Welsh Water and on the Castle Pond in Pembroke.

Canoeing / Sea Kayaking River and lake canoeing Climbing

The dots on the maps are relative solely for each activity and should not be compared across activities 64 Appendix B - Main Recreational Activities

Coasteering Cycling Dinghy Sailing

Pembrokeshire is a leading location for the recent Cycling is currently widespread but low key, and Dinghy sailing is widespread throughout the county, development of coasteering, with the activity carried restricted to a network of cycle paths (the Celtic Trail though concentrated around slipways and clubs, such out daily during the season with almost 200 and National Cycle Network) and on minor roads. as on the Daugleddau Estuary, around Milford Haven participants at the most popular sites. These include There are occasional organised groups, often where and Dale and on the south east coast. They are used the St David’s Peninsula, the Stackpole/Castlemartin there is cycle hire provision, and circular cycle routes for those learning sailing but also for a wide range of area and Lydstep. Capacity is limited due to suitable are advertised around Newport and Saundersfoot. events and competitions, and generate day trips and locations particularly in large swell conditions. There Their impact is low and their use is encouraged, longer visits into the area for dinghy sailing. Peak is a perception that coasteering, particularly by especially in quiet lanes. Mountain biking is also low- demand is in summer, as with other watersports, but independent users, can cause localised erosion, key and with some use of woodland areas, the Preseli there are regular events which can cause localised disturbance to wildlife and habitats, and conflict with Hills and the bridleway network in a few locations. and temporary congestion issues. Local community other activities (especially climbing and angling). Cycling events, especially for charity are increasingly regattas can provide a highlight of the year for both Overcrowding in peak season occurs in popular popular and triathlons and related events occur visitors and local enthusiasts. routes, especially at Abereiddi and Stackpole. There is regularly. There are few opportunities for coastal off- a need for coasteerers to follow the model of road cycling and there may be scope to develop new climbing in developing responsible strategies and routes with landowner agreement. The International minimising impacts. Iron Man Competition in Tenby in 2011 may well give heightened prominence to cycling in the county.

Coasteering Dinghy Sailing

The dots on the maps are relative solely for each activity and should not be compared across activities Appendix B - Main Recreational Activities 65

Cruiser Sailing Diving Geocaching

Sailing and motor boating around the coastal and Pembrokeshire has some of the best diving sites in (pronounced geo-cashing) is a worldwide treasure inshore waters of the National Park is a wonderful Europe, both for wildlife and shipwrecks, with both hunting game that has been modernised by the use way to explore this world-famous and protected shallow and deep water diving. The most popular of GPS devices rather than just the traditional map. coastline. Boating is centred on the Milford Haven sites for diving are around the islands, such as in The idea is to find containers that have been hidden Waterway or Daugleddau with marinas, sheltered Skomer Marine Nature Reserve, as well as around outdoors (geocaches) by looking up their co-ordinates water and a network of yacht clubs, pubs and Milford Haven, St Brides Haven, Porthgain and Dale. on the internet, pinpointing their location using a tranquil anchorages to explore. The Pembrokeshire Marine Code and the Skomer GPS unit, and then sharing the locations and your Many rarely sail beyond St Ann's Head into the Marine Nature Reserve agreements seek to manage experiences online. Geocaching is an increasingly open sea, but for those that do, Pembrokeshire's activities and reduce disturbance. Most diving is popular past-time and is enjoyed by people of all islands and picturesque harbours like Solva, Fishguard organised through clubs or dive charter companies, ages, as it is a fantastic way to enjoy the outdoors and Tenby offer a fantastic cruising ground. Sailing and demand is highest in Spring and Summer for and visit new places. There are over 100 geocaches in schools and yacht charters both operate from the diving round the Islands, with coastal diving less Pembrokeshire. However it is very important that Milford Haven with cruising guides for the area frequent between Spring and Autumn. participants ensure that they have landowners' available. A new marina at Fishguard may change the permission either to be searching for or to 'hide' new situation. caches. There have even been incidents of people hiding caches on the MOD ranges. There is a related activity called waymarking which involves using GPS to find natural features. This is an activity that we would prefer to see promoted because it does not involve leaving man made items on site.

Cruiser Sailing Diving

The dots on the maps are relative solely for each activity and should not be compared across activities 66 Appendix B - Main Recreational Activities

Horse riding and beach riding Personal Water Craft (PWC)/Jet skiing Kite sports on beaches

Horse riding takes place throughout the county, mainly using PWC use is widespread but infrequent around Kite flying, both by families and more private land, bridleways and lanes. There are hotspots on the the county, but focused around launching sites in serious kite-flying occurs on many of the beaches and paths at Druidston Haven and Nolton Haven, where the South and travelling around the coast or beaches in the National Park, especially stables offer beach riding experience. This has potential conflicts islands. Most slips are unregulated, although around . It is most popular with other beach users in high season, as up to 70 horses use the Lydstep slipway is controlled by Bourne Leisure between Spring and Autumn, subject to beach at a time, but less so in off-season. In general, horse riding who own the site and have strict usage controls, wind conditions, and occurs individually occurs all year, both through riding schools and independent such as evidence of insurance and commitment or with families at Freshwater East and riders. Away from the beach, there is capacity on the bridleway to a code of conduct. The greatest intensity of Lydstep Haven. The PCC and PCNPA have network but this is limited because the network is patchy and use is from Lydstep and Freshwater East on the agreed a code of practice for use of routes do not join up. Maintaining a good surface for both South Coast, travelling in between the two or to power kites on beaches. There is also an walkers and riders on well-used bridleways is often difficult Caldey and St Margaret’s Islands, and annual kite-flying festival, the especially in wet areas. Although a fairly small percentage of (increasingly) the Daugleddau Estuary. There is Pembrokeshire Sky Festival, at Carew. visitors mentioned horse riding in the visitor survey 2007 (1% main sporadic use by small numbers at most locations Kite boarding and kite buggying takes activity/4% in all activities) the passport scheme shows over 10,000 around the National Park. Most trips are by place on larger beaches but should only horses registered in the county showing the local importance of single vessels or small groups, and have potential be encouraged out of season for safety riding. The development of the Pembrokeshire Trail by the County to cause disturbance to wildlife and other users. reasons. Council now gives new opportunities for an extended ride in the Demand is highly seasonal from these locations. county.

Horse riding and beach riding PWC / Jet skiing Kite sports (Beaches)

The dots on the maps are relative solely for each activity and should not be compared across activities Appendix B - Main Recreational Activities 67

Kite surfing Power boating and large power craft Quad Biking and other motorised land activities Kite surfing occurs in low numbers in five main sites Power boating occurs around the coast associated around the National Park: Newport Sands, Broad with moorings, marinas and slipways, and craft make Motorised activities such as quad biking and Haven North, Newgale Sands (where there is short circular trips around the coast or islands. They scrambling have very few legitimate opportunities on organised tuition) Freshwater West and Tenby South are most popular around the South Coast (as with public land and rights of way in Pembrokeshire. There Beach. It occurs mainly around the summer and PWC) but also around all the islands, St Brides Bay are a small number of rights of way where vehicle shoulder seasons and has the potential to provide and Milford Haven/Daugleddau Estuary. They occur rights remain but most legitimate use is on private active recreation on days where other beach activities primarily in summer months through independent land in one off events or in quad bike centres are limited by wind. It has the potential to conflict users and small groups, and often through clubs or in operating with planning consent. There is an annual with other beach users during peak periods, and association with diving. A new marina at Fishguard hill climb at Llys y Fran and grass track racing at should be undertaken with consideration. The same may change the distribution. Talbenny and Jameston. There is some unlawful beaches are often also used by land yachting when recreational use on the Preseli Hills, Dinas Mountain windy; this activity, like kite buggying above, should and on some dune systems. This has potential to only be an out-of-season activity on beaches. cause vegetation damage and to impact on others’ enjoyment and will be actively discouraged.

Kite Surfing Power Boating

The dots on the maps are relative solely for each activity and should not be compared across activities 68 Appendix B - Main Recreational Activities

Rowing Sea Angling Freshwater Angling

Rowing occurs throughout the county, linked to Sea angling, from cliffs, beaches, pontoons, jetties The rivers in and around the Preseli Hills offer anglers community clubs. Most rowers are local residents in and boats, is a popular year-round activity varying locations to fish for salmon and sea trout that the 30-50 age group, who practice regularly for throughout the National Park and around Skomer run the rivers Nevern, Western and Eastern Cleddau events and competitions. There are an estimated and Skokholm. Much of it is done by resident anglers and the Tâf, in season. Each of these rivers, especially 12,000 rowing person days per year, mainly using at short notice, predominantly male, or by day and in their upper reaches, is also the home of wild brown associated yachting/sailing club facilities. The most longer stay visitors. Most angling is done by trout. For the stillwater game enthusiast there is popular areas are at Abercastle, Little Haven and individuals or in small groups, although competitions some boat or bank fishing on reservoirs and an array Solva, despite limited facilities and access (showers, attract up to 200 anglers. Angling of all kinds is of small water fisheries. There is also fishing provided changing rooms and so on), with better facilities at economically important to the area, and boat angling by the National Trust at Bosherston Lilly Ponds. The Milford Haven and Daugleddau. Rowing is most provides revenue for charter boat operators, but Environment Agency is responsible for maintaining, popular in Summer but occurs between Spring and there are issues with litter, lost tackle, conflicts with improving and developing inland fisheries in England Autumn or according to the race calendar. divers, coasteerers and other users and disturbance to and Wales. wildlife. To fish in Pembrokeshire’s lakes, ponds or rivers you must hold a valid national rod licence and adhere to the by-laws for the particular fishery and fish species concerned. The NPA and PCC publish an angling guide to the county.

Rowing Sea Angling Freshwater Angling

The dots on the maps are relative solely for each activity and should not be compared across activities Appendix B - Main Recreational Activities 69

Paragliding Snorkelling Surfing and Body Boarding

Paragliding mainly takes place in the Preseli hills with Snorkelling is limited to Pembrokeshire is Wales’s leading surfing destination, and one of the leading some activity above Newgale. The gradual gradient particular sites by location and destinations for surfing in the UK, with a number of excellent beaches for of the Preseli Hills and the wind conditions often season, and is predominantly surfing. The county is almost unique for having beaches facing all directions, provide favourable learning conditions. The sport has low use, but with the potential so can cater for a range of wind and swell conditions. The demand for been increasing over the last few years with at least to develop. The best sites have surfing is dependent on weather and aspect, with conditions generally best one local based school providing training courses. shallow waters and good in Autumn and Winter. However, the summer peak creates congestion in Initial training is often carried out on the beach with marine life, such as around some locations. beach landings occurring infrequently at Newgale. Abereiddi, Caerfai (near St The beaches around St Bride’s Bay and Freshwater West attract surfers on There is some concern about impact on grazing stock Davids) and St Brides although a year-round basis, in total around 12,000 surfer days each year, by 350-500 in the Preseli Hills. The NPA and Outdoor Charter snorkelling also occurs around local surfers and 100-300 regular visitors, mainly from South and Mid-Wales. Group are working to establish agreements. the South coast to Tenby more The surfing market for visitors outside these areas must also compete with infrequently. Activity occurs and Devon. Surfers are usually younger in age and independent predominantly in summer users, although beginners are catered for by surf hire and tuition in some months by individuals and locations, supported by surf schools and outdoor centres. Some locations, families. such as Whitesands Bay, are also popular with wave skiing, which takes around 500-700 user days each year, mainly by visitors, and body boarding. There has also been a noted increase in the numbers of Stand Up Paddle boarding in the area over the last few years.

Paragliding Snorkelling Surfing and Body Boarding

The dots on the maps are relative solely for each activity and should not be compared across activities 70 Appendix B - Main Recreational Activities

Swimming Waterskiing Wildlife Boat Trips

Swimming occurs throughout the county during Water-skiing occurs at many beaches and Pembrokeshire has some of the most outstanding biodiversity summer months, although there are also Christmas in the Milford Haven Waterway and hotspots in Europe both above and below the water, which are events. The highest levels occur unsurprisingly at Daugleddau, with generally low levels of used as breeding and nesting sites by several species of marine beaches, from Newport and Poppit Sands, Broad use but occasionally locally high levels, mammals and birds. Wildlife sightseeing occurs from a range of Haven and Newgale Sands, Freshwater East and especially at Burton, which is zoned for locations, especially around the islands and surrounding waters round to Tenby South. Users are individuals and water skiing as part of the Milford Haven using a range of vessels. Operators are well-organised and families. The water quality and beach cleanliness are Recreation Plan. They are best suited close generally abide by the Pembrokeshire Marine Code though generally very good around the coastline, supported to sheltered waters, and can have there are reports of code breakage. The trips provide significant by the Green Seas Partnership to safeguard and potential impacts on other users, educational and economic benefits to local communities. enhance the Welsh coastal environment. There are especially in non-designated areas. The There is a range of wildlife across the seasons that merit major winter swimming events usually for charity and most popular coastal locations for trips, and the season runs from bird breeding and plant a number of surf lifesaving and triathlon clubs but no waterskiing are Tenby and Lydstep Haven flowering in spring to seal pupping in autumn. Use of small sea swimming clubs. Swimming competitions are a (similar to other motorised boat use). harbours near the islands is consequently high, such as St feature of several local regattas and on a larger scale, Justinians for Ramsey, which can lead to congestion at peak the Iron Man Competition in Tenby in 2011 will see times. The Daugleddau Estuary is popular for its low-energy over 1200 international competitors take part in a sea environment. Most of the marine area is protected by national swim as part of the event. and international conservation legislation, including the Skomer Marine Nature Reserve and Pembrokeshire Marine Special Area of Conservation.

Swimming Waterskiing Wildlife Boat Trips

The dots on the maps are relative solely for each activity and should not be compared across activities Appendix B - Main Recreational Activities 71

Windsurfing Dog Walking Walking

Windsurfing occurs throughout the coast of the Dog Walking occurs frequently across the National Walking is consistently the most popular activity in National Park, subject to suitable conditions, with Park and Coast Path, mostly by local residents on the National Park, as recorded by visitor surveys. around 3,300 windsurfing days per year. The most frequent short trips throughout the year. It tends to Between 70% and 88% of visitors to the National popular sites are used mainly from spring to autumn be focussed close to areas with car parks, on beaches Park go on either a short or long walk at some point in the West, such as around Dale and Newgale Sands, or near villages. There is a public perception of dog during their stay, according to the 2008 with summer bringing users to beaches in the South. fouling and behavioural problems at several sites, Pembrokeshire Visitor Survey. It is estimated that there are around 50-60 especially beaches, indeed dog management issues There is a large selection of walks, many circular windsurfers active in good conditions in summer are seen as a major concern to many landowners, and many of which link to the Pembrokeshire Coast months, with 10-15 hardy souls in winter. communities and other recreational users. Path, the most well-used of the 3 National Trails in Enforcement is very difficult for such a widespread Wales with over 900,000 user days per year. 100,000 activity and education and responsible dog ownership of these user days are by long-distance walkers must be the way forward. Seasonal restrictions on (10,590 walkers) and 800,000 by short distance users dog use are in place on most Blue Flag beaches. (around 276,000 walkers). There is also the 806km network of inland rights of way, and in general the majority of the network has capacity for future increases in walking. Walking can range from casual short walks by day visitors and tourists to long day and multi-day walks on the Coast Path by staying visitors. Walkers of the Coast Path in particular are more likely to fall into the 35-59 age group, who live more than 100 miles from the National Trail, who are in full-time employment or recently retired. Those on shorter and circular trips are likely to be slightly younger and live closer to the Windsurfing Trail itself (often within 10 miles). Walking is a year-round activity in Pembrokeshire, as there is such a range of coastal and inland scenery, which changes across the seasons. Walking is also one of the best ways to appreciate the special qualities of the National Park and the only way to access certain special locations (such as Barafundle Bay). Some of the most popular sections of the National Trail are the in the South between Tenby and Stackpole and around St Davids and Strumble Heads, especially around small villages with car parking facilities or where the Greenways bus service stops.

The dots on the maps are relative solely for each activity and should not be compared across activities 72 Appendix C - Information sources and relevant Plans, Policies and Strategies

I Spatial Analysis I Welsh Assembly Government. (2004). Catching the I Milford Haven Waterway Recreation Plan, I Technical Advice Note 14: Coastal Planning Welsh Information summarised from PCNP Landscape Wave. Final Draft. A Watersports tourism strategy 2005 - Milford Haven Port Authority 2005 Assembly Government 1998 Character Assessment Study, 2007, John Campion for Wales. Web Web Associates, Wales Activity Mapping Project formerly the Web http://www.mhpa.co.uk/uploaded/docs/recplan_2005.pdf http://new.wales.gov.uk/about/departments/depc/epcpu South West Wales Recreation Audit, 2010 and The http://www.industry.visitwales.co.uk/server.php?show=C blications/PlanPubs/TANs/TAN14?lang=en Application of GIS to Management of Outdoor onWebDoc.383 I Our healthy future technical working paper - Recreation and Conservation in South West Wales, Welsh Assembly Government 2009 I Technical Advice Note 16: Sport and Recreation Stephen Quinton, 2011. I Achieving Our Potential 2006 – 2013 Tourism Web Welsh Assembly Government 1998 Strategy for Wales Mid Term Review - Welsh http://wales.gov.uk/topics/health/publications/health/guida Web I Economic value of recreation Assembly Government 2006 nce/technical/?lang=en http://new.wales.gov.uk/about/departments/depc/epcpu All figures from Valuing the Environment (VOE) Web blications/PlanPubs/TANs/TAN16?lang=en Partnership, 2006, Economic Impact of the National http://new.wales.gov.uk/docrepos/40382/40382313/403 I Pembrokeshire & Carmarthen Bay Shoreline Parks of Wales 82121/403823/AOP_ENG.pdf?lang=en Management Plans Pembrokeshire County Council & I A Walking and Cycling Action Plan for Wales Web http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-wales- Carmarthen Bay Coastal 2000 Engineering Group 2009-13 national_parks-full_report.pdf I A better place to play in Wales. Wales Strategy for Web Web water related recreation - Environment Agency http://www.pembrokeshire.gov.uk/content.asp?nav=&par http://wales.gov.uk/docs/desh/publications/090223walki I Value of the Coastal and Marine Environment Wales 2008 ent_directory_id=646&id=6553&language= ngactionplanen.pdf Valuing the Environment (VOE) Partnership, 2006, Web http://www.environment- Economic Impact of the Coastal and Marine agency.gov.uk/homeandleisure/recreation/105735.aspx I Pembrokeshire Community Plan 2010-2025 CPLP I Welsh Coastal Tourism Strategy Welsh Assembly Environment in Wales Webhttp://www.pembrokeshire.gov.uk/content.asp?nav= Government 2007 Web http://www.nationaltrust.org.uk/main/w-wales- I Cultural tourism strategy for Wales - Wales Tourist 558,599,602&parent_directory_id=101&id=18951&Langu Web valuing_our_environment-full_report.pdf Board 2003 Web age= http://new.wales.gov.uk/consultations/currentconsultatio http://www.industry.visitwales.co.uk/upload/pdf/Cultural_ n/tourism/coastal/?lang=e I Recreation in Pembrokeshire Tourism_strategy_eng_20050816145339.pdf I Pembrokeshire County Council Tourism Strategy All visitor information in “Current Recreation” (Origin, 2006-2012 Pembrokeshire County Council I Wales Spatial Plan Welsh Assembly Government length of stay, places visited, Coast to Coast take-up) I Creating an Active Wales - Welsh Assembly Web November 2004 taken from the 2007 Pembrokeshire Coast National Park Government 2009 http://www.tourismhelp.co.uk/objview.asp?object_id=95 Web Authority Visitors survey, Web http://new.wales.gov.uk/about/strategy/spatial/sppublicat All recreation activity information and issues/hotspots http://wales.gov.uk/docs/phhs/publications/activewales/10 I Pembrokeshire Greenways Strategy Greenways ions/walesspatial?lang=en summarised from the South West Wales Recreation Audit 0121activewalesen.pdf Partnership Web www.walesactivitymapping.org.uk http://www.pembrokeshiregreenways.co.uk/ I Wales Spatial Plan (2008 Update) Welsh Assembly I Making the Most of Wales’ Coast - the Integrated Government 2008 I Welsh Outdoor Recreation Survey 2008 Coastal Zone Management Strategy for Wales. I Pembrokeshire Marine SAC Management Scheme Web Web http://www.forestry.gov.uk/forestry/INFD-7VQEPA March 2007 2008 http://new.wales.gov.uk/about/strategy/spatial/sppublicat Web Web ions/walesspatial?lang=en I Welsh Assembly Government (WAG)/ Visit Wales http://cymru.gov.uk/desh/policy/environmentconservation http://www.pembrokeshiremarinesac.org.uk/english/down (Wales Tourist Board), 2006, Sports Tourism in /marine/welshiczmstrategy/makingmoste.pdf;jsessionid= loads/sitemandoc.htm Wales: a framework for action C1nWTJJh1W1qWwT1DSvSJ3R9vNTQvHbP2b5GthvbnJv Web VgJvqqvms!-1092479367?lang=en I Sport Pembrokeshire Action Plan Pembrokeshire http://wales.gov.uk/depc/publications/tourism/aboutvisit County Council wales/2249721/sportsstrategy/sports-tourism-wales- I Environment Act 1995 - UK Parliament framework-e?lang=en Web I Sports : a Framework for Action http://www.opsi.gov.uk/acts/acts1995/Ukpga_19950025 Wales Tourist Board I South West Wales Tourism Partnership (SWWTP), _en_1.htm Web 2004, Open All Year: A Tourism Strategy for South http://www.industry.visitwales.co.uk/upload/pdf/Sports_to West Wales 2004-2008 I Environment Strategy: Welsh Assembly urism_framework_eng.pdf Web Government 2006 http://www.swwtp.co.uk/media/files/strat_04_eng.pdf Web I Technical Advice Note 13: Tourism Welsh Assembly http://wales.gov.uk/topics/environmentcountryside/epq/e Government 1997 I Welsh Assembly Government. (2005). Climbing nvstratforwales/strategy/?lang=en Web Higher. The Welsh Assembly Government Strategy http://new.wales.gov.uk/about/departments/depc/epcpubli for Sport & Physical Activity Web I Health Challenge Pembrokeshire. The Health, cations/PlanPubs/TANs/TAN13?lang=en http://new.wales.gov.uk/docrepos/40382/403822/40382 Social Care and Well-being Strategy Pembrokeshire 2131/4038221334/climbing-higher2005-e.pdf?lang=en County Council / Pembrokeshire Local Health Board Web http://www.pembrokeshire.gov.uk/content.asp?nav=753, 782,826&id=10090&Positioning_Article_ID=&Language= &parent_directory_id=646&d1p1=1 Front cover: Alan Turner (PCC)

Back cover: Oli (Big Blue)

Photo credits: Mike Alexander, Big Blue, Paul Box, Blaise Bullimore, Richard Crossen, David Evans, Norman Hughes, David Jones, Eric Lees, Tom Luddington, Pembrokeshire County Council, Pembrokeshire Photography, Steve Quinton, Mark Richards, Julian Sanders, Twr y Felin, Visit Wales.