The Review of Rabbinic Judaism 21 (2018) 151–175 brill.com/rrj Isaiah 10:34 and the “Ambiguous Oracle” in Josephus, Bellum 6.312–313 (Part One) Roger David Aus Sperberstr. 18, 13505, Berlin, Germany
[email protected] Abstract One of the most disputed passages in Josephus is found only late in his account of the Jewish war against Rome, 66–70 CE. After relating numerous phenomena he consid- ered portents of the destruction of Jerusalem with the Temple, he notes two oracles. The first, in Bell. 6.311, has never been traced back to a specific scriptural passage or Judaic tradition. The second, in 6.312–13, is the object of this study, in which I argue that Isa. 10:34 is the biblical verse behind the “ambiguous oracle.” Keywords Josephus – Jewish War 6.312–313 – ambiguous oracle – Vespasian – Hezekiah – Isaiah One of the most puzzling and disputed passages in Josephus is now found only late in his account of the Jewish war against Rome, 66–70 CE. After relating numerous phenomena he considered portents of the destruction of Jerusalem with the Temple, he notes two oracles. The first, in Bell. 6.311, has never been traced back to a specific scriptural passage or Judaic tradition.1 The second, in 6.312–13, is the object of this study. 1 Cf., the statement, however, that the ideal future Temple of Ezek. 42:15–20 is a square with 500 cubit long sides. Steve Mason maintains that Bell. 6.311 may be due to Josephus himself. See his “Josephus, Daniel, and the Flavian House,” in Fausto Parente and Joseph Sievers, eds., Josephus and the History of the Graeco-Roman Period.