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Appendices to: The Geology and Tectonics of the Jabal Akhdar and Saih Hatat Domes, Oman Mountains
Andreas Scharf1*, Frank Mattern1, Mohammed Al-Wardi1, Gianluca Frijia2, Daniel Moraetis1,3, Bernhard Pracejus1, Wilfried Bauer4 and Ivan Callegari4 1Department of Earth Sciences, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box: 36, PC 123, Al-Khod, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman 2Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44122, Ferrara, Italy 3Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, College of Sciences, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box: 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates 4Department of Applied Geosciences, German University of Technology GUtech, P.O. Box: 1816, PC 130, Halban, Sultanate of Oman *Correspondence: [email protected]
Appendix A Appendix C
See foldout. A more detailed topographic map can be found in Prof. Christopher Bailey (College of William & Mary, USA) the online publication. creates and provides a number of helpful and interesting blogs about the fascinating geology of Oman: (1) https://wmblogs.wm.edu/cmbail/inside-ghubrah- Appendix B bowl-oman-dropstones-double-duckbills-pencil-struct ures-oh/ Figure A.3 provides a correlation/comparison of Permian (2) https://wmblogs.wm.edu/cmbail/omans-geological- ages between the ‘International Stratigraphic Chart’ and the triple-point/ ‘Tethyan Time Scale’. (3) https://wmblogs.wm.edu/cmbail/the-road-to-the- moho/ (4) https://wmblogs.wm.edu/cmbail/wadi-bani-ghafir- Int. Stratigraphic Chart Tethys at-sidaq-gorge-water-versus-rock-in-oman/ // / / Changhsingian Dorashamian (5) https: wmblogs.wm.edu cmbail omans-mega- sheath-folds/ (6) https://wmblogs.wm.edu/cmbail/dispatches-from- Wuchiapingian Dzhulfian Lopingian oman-juxtaposition/ 259.8 Ma (7) https://wmblogs.wm.edu/cmbail/dispatches-from- oman-fodder-for-the-tectonic-cannon/ Capitanian Midian (8) https://wmblogs.wm.edu/cmbail/dispatches-from- oman-wadi-jizzi-standing-at-the-bottom-of-the-tethys- ocean/ // / / Wordian Murgabian (9) https: wmblogs.wm.edu cmbail dispatches-from- Guadalupian oman-ophiolite-to-aflaj/ Roadian (10) https://wmblogs.wm.edu/cmbail/finding-sharqiya- 272.3 Ma sands-oman/ Kubergandian
Kungurian Appendix D (inconsistencies in maps) Bolorian Inconsistencies are found between the BRGM 1:100 000 and 1:250 000 maps within the Hawasina formations. In all cases we have followed the 1:100 000 maps rather the 1:250 000 map. Artinskian Yakhtashian Cisuralian (1) The geological map of Nazwa (1:250 000; Béchennec et al. 1992b) depicts the Hawasina unit immediately E of Nizwa as Umar Group, while the geological map of Sakmarian Sakmarian Birkat Al-Mawz (1:100 000; Hutin et al. 1986) depicts the same area as Al-Aridh Group. Asselian Asselian (2) Hawasina rocks west of Rustaq are differently mapped 298.9 Ma in the 1:250 000 and 1:100 000 map scale (Béchennec et al. 1992a; Beurrier et al. 1986, respectively). In the Fig. A.3. Comparison of the Permian Period between the ‘International 1:250 000 map some rocks are presented as Matabat Stratigraphic Chart’ and ‘Tethyan Time Scale’. Modified from Angiolini Fm. (Hamrat Duru Group) while the same area in the et al. (2016). 1:100 000 map is Umar Group.
From: Scharf, A., Mattern, F., Al-Wardi, M., Frijia, G., Moraetis, D., Pracejus, B., Bauer, W. and Cellegari, I. 2021. The Geology and Tectonics of the Jabal Akhdar and Saih Hatat Domes, Oman Mountains. Geological Society, London, Memoirs, 54, 113–115, https://doi.org/10.1144/M54.7 © 2021 The Author(s). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Published by The Geological Society of London. Publishing disclaimer: www.geolsoc.org.uk/pub_ethics
23°30’ 23° 500
de
23°30’ 23°
; Fanja - ; Fanja
500 0
50
250
50 7 46 45 1986 ; Samad - 59° 59°
Cambrian - Cambrian
7 50
1000
Arabian Sea 500 M. Ordovician 1250 Neoproterozoic Neoproterozoic Neoproterozoic Neoproterozoic Iran Hutin et al., 47 ; Nakhl 1986 - Rabu et al., Oman 44 UAE
500
500 500 ”
750
1250
750
1
50
250 1
Saih Hatat Dome 5 0 00
125 Amdeh Fm. Hiyam Fm. Hatat Fm. Neoproterozoic - L. Cambrian Neoproterozoic
0 1250 Yemen
1000
500
Béchennec et al., 1992a ), 1:100.000 (BarkaBéchennec et al., - Béchennec 1000 1500 6 7 8 Saudi Arabia 58° 58° 59° 59°
45 1000 Semail Gap Semail 1000
750 750 500 1986b ; Rustaq - Beurrier et al.,
43 7
14
Nakhl Subdome 1250
10 250 50 750 (1992), respectively. Métour et al. and Le for the Al Khlata Fm.; the Al Khlata Fm.; (2014) for and Penney ), and Heward 48
Quriyat 1250 17 Hercynian Unconformity
“
00 1000
15 750 1000 12
Fara Fm. Kharus Fm. Mu’aydin Fm. Mu’aydin Hajir Fm. Mistal Fm. 750 49 44 Béchennec et al., 1986b ; Birkat; Bahla - Béchennec et al., - Al Mawz
750 Jabal Akhdar Saih Hatat 18
1500 1992 Wyns et al., 1500 Fault (undifferentiated) Fault Ca. carpholite > Fe-Mg - pyrophyllite Outline of the Batinah Mélange 750 E. facies - eclogite Gl. in - glaucophane 13
30 Jabal Akhdar Dome 250
5 4 3 2 1 500
17
750 ; Tiwi -
750
Sgr.
Huqf Supergroup Huqf 500 11
Haima 2006) (after Saddiqi et al., facies zones High-pressure
57° 1000 57°
23°30’ 23°
44 5 00
25 1250 0 32 A Unit Autochthonous
750 1000 1250 8
2
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0 75 9
Le Métour et al., 1986b Métour et al., Le
10 500 750 1000
00 5 Andreas Scharf, Frank Mattern, Mohammed Al-Wardi, Gianluca Frijia, Gianluca Frijia, Mohammed Al-Wardi, Mattern, Frank Scharf, Andreas
750 000
1000 1 500
750 - 2021 Callegari Bauer & Ivan Wilfried Pracejus, Bernhard Daniel Moraetis, 44 E. 500
250 1500 Main road 25 km
50
1250 750 50
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0
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1750 500 14 25 0 L. Cretaceous L. Cretaceous U. Cretaceous U.
L. - M. Jurassic Le Métour et al., 1986a Métour et al., 1986b ; Muscat - Le et al., 1986a ; Seeb - Villey et al., Villey et al., 1986c ; Quryat et al., Villey - Compiled from the geological maps of Oman at the scale 1:250.000 (Seeb the geological - from Compiled (1992a) Béchennec et al. taken from are and B-B’ sectionCross A-A’ Contour interval 250 m. The contour lines were extracted Elevation Model of Esri. the Digital using the software lines were ArcGis from contour The intervalContour 250 m. Peters et al., 2005 et al., 1986 ; Ibra - Peters et al., Gramont 1500 M. - U. Permian M. - U. 8 U. Carboniferous U.
34
L. - U. Cretaceous L. - U.
500 5 00 B’ 250 Ca. 2 1 0 (km)
12501000 (Valanginian - Aptian) B’ 12
1750 500 44
(Coniacian-Campanian) (Hettangian - Callovian) (Hettangian 26
44 (U. Albian - M. Turonian) Albian - M. (U. 750 (TithonianValanginian) - NNE
36
17 250 1500 U. Jurassic - L. Cretaceous U. 33
World Geodetic System Datum of 1984 (WGS84) Geodetic System World
44 250 12 33 Uppermost Permian - Triassic - Uppermost Permian 11
13 750
500 500
5 00
Muscat 500 17 500
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1000 1000 B 31
0 250 1250 7
Wadi Mayh Wadi
1250 750 35 58°30’ 58°30’ 7 500 750
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Gl. 1000 Al Khlata Fm. Mahil Fm. Saiq Fm. Muti Fm. Natih Fm. Nahr Umr Fm. Kahmah 3 (Shams Fm.) (Rayda & Salil fms.) (Rayda Mafraq & Dhruma fms. Kahmah 1 & 2
750
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17 16 15 14 13 11 10 12 9
Arabian continental margin margin continental Arabian 750
1000 8 Sahtan Gr. Sahtan Akhdar Gr. Akhdar Kahmah Gr. Kahmah Wasia Gr. Wasia Aruma Gr. Aruma 750 Gr. Haushi
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Hajar Supergroup Hajar
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1000 B Unit Autochthonous 500 43
44 250
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Sea of Oman 1250
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Triassic 1000 46
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Cenomanian 500 13 L. - M. Jurassic 35 M. - U. Permian M. - U. 750 Triassic - Aptian Triassic 34 51 750
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00 5 500 19
41 750 U. Triassic - L. Jurassic Triassic U. 32 M. Triassic - U. Triassic - U. Triassic M. 37 Berriasian - Santonian 17 43 50
Landinian (?) - Bajocian
Cenomanian - Turonian - Cenomanian Oxfordian - Valanginian - Oxfordian 250 34 39 Oxfordian - Aptian/Albian Oxfordian Bathonian - Kimmeridgian Wadi Tayin Wadi
750 750 500
33
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1000 1250 33 2 1 0 Sid’r Fm. Sid’r Fm. Guwayza Matbat Fm. Metamorphic sole Fm.Nayid (?) - Santonian Albian Fm.Al-Jil Triassic - M. Permian U. Misfah Fm. Baid Fm. Aqil Fm. Aqil Sinni Fm. Nadan Fm. Al-Ghafat & Fm. Buwaydah Fm. Sayfam Safil Fm. Safil Musallah fms. B SSW 58° 58° 35
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Hawasina nappes Hawasina 500 32 27 26 22 21 20 19 18
500 31 30 29 28 25 24 23
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150 1000 Umar Gr. Umar Gr. Kawr Gr. Duru Hamrat Al-Aridh Gr. Al-Aridh
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distal proximal
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1500 1500 750 14 38 Geological map of the Jabal AkhdarGeological and Saih Hatat domes (northeastern Oman) NNE 37 1250 16 20 40
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Downloaded from http://mem.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 30, 2021 1500 1250 26
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12 Plagiogranite Plagiogranitic dikes Plagiogranitic and gabbronorite Uralitic gabbro with gabbro interlayered Wehrlite & lava Pillow dikes complex Sheeted High-level gabbro gabbro Layered Dunite with dunite Harzburgite sedimentary cover (Suhaylah Fm.) sedimentary (Suhaylah cover at the base in concordant bands in concordant 500 12
11 1500
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5 17 750
1000 4 A”
1250 Semail Ophiolite (Cenomanian)
3 750 42 41 40 39 37 36 35 34 38 33
2000 25
750 13
14 500
Magmatic sequence Magmatic Late
2 Early
A’ 1250
750 750 1250
1750 1750 14 Allochthonous
36 750
Wadi Bani Awf Wadi
750 500 Batinah Coastal Plain Batinah Coastal 750 1000
57°30’
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Nizwa
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Rustaq 1000 750
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10 40
L. - M. Eocene 2000 4 1250 Eocene M. - U.
1000 1000 16 25 36
1750 14 1 23 35 19
500 1500 750 750 1000 1250
39
11 250 U. Eocene - Oligocene Eocene U. U. Eocene - L. Miocene Eocene U. 16 19
1250 U. Paleocene - L. Eocene Paleocene U. U. Paleocene - L. Eocene Paleocene U. 15
M. Miocene (?) - Pliocene 500 14
47
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37 1250
U. Campanian - Maastrichtian Campanian U. 750 1750 17
750 2750 19 11 38
1500 2250 14
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500 1000 40 31 1250
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2250 2250 29 12
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750 500 U. Cretaceous (?) - U. Paleocene/L. Eocene (?) Eocene Paleocene/L. (?) - U. Cretaceous U.
30 2000
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33 1500 750 25
2500 27 35
29
17 1750 39 500
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19 1000 1500
Seeb Fm.
37 1750 33 Listwaenite
Tahwah & MAM reefs fms. reefs & MAM Tahwah Shama Fm. Rusayl Fm. Rusayl Fm. Jafnayn Al-Khod & Qahlah fms. Quaternary deposits Barzaman Fm. Abat Fm. 28 1250 31
15 1250
16
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24
750 750 1000 1750 2000 23
22
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52 50 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 2250 1000 1500
750 25
750 21 A Gr. Fars Gr. Hadhramaut
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Neo-Autochthonous Neo-Autochthonous 1250 (km) 57° 57°E 1000
20 750
750 Geological map of the Jabal Akhdar and Saih Hatat domes (northeastern Oman). Note that the northeastern margin of the Saih Hatat Dome consists of HP rocks of the Arabian Margin, which have been thrust by some tens of kilometres. They are, thus, parautochthounous. The Public Authority for Mining in Oman kindly provided permission for publication of this map. All used maps are cited in the map itself and available at the Public Authority for Mining in Oman. 36 2500
1000 27 19
24
23°30’ 23°N A Fig. A.1. Correlation of the tectono-stratigraphic units and events at the Jabal Akhdar and Saih Hatat domes (northeastern Oman) Arabian SW NE Plate Stress Age Semail Tectonic/glacial events Seq. Group Arabian Platform Hawasina Basin directions Epoch Age (Ma) Era Period Strat. Ophiolite 0 SB MFS (52) Quaternary deposits D6e - Recent uplift of marine terraces, deep incision in wadis, Pliocene 5.3 hydrothermal activities (e.g., thermal springs) and seismic activi- 7.3 Messinian “Tectonic Stage 3” of Fournier ty in the Saih Hatat Dome. 11.6 Tortonian Barzaman Fm. (50) et al. (2006) Pliocene N-S to Miocene 13.8 Serravallian Ng40 proximal ~450 km width distal NNE-SSW compression 16.0 Langhian Ng30 ? Late Oligocene/Early Miocene E-W Burdigalian Ng20 Ng20 FarsFars 20.4 Ng10 to NE-SW compression “Tectonic 23.0 Aquitanian D6d - Reduction in subduction rate at the Makran subduction Ng10 Tahwah & MAM (49) Stage 3” of Fournier et al. (2006) Chattian Pg50 zone, rifting of the Gulf of Aden/Red Sea, N-S-directed collison 28.1 reefs fms. Oligocene Pg40 Rupelian Probable Oligocene extension “Tectonic 33.9 Pg30 (48) Akhdar and Saih Hatat domes (F5 folds). Post-Eocene tilting and Pg30 Shama Fm. Al-Aridh Gr. Stage 2A & 2B” of Fournier et al. (2006) 37.8 Priabonian 40 km E-W-directed deformation of the Hadhramaut Group (F6 folds), 240 km 55 km 110 km normal faulting along Batinah Coastal Plain and the margins of 41.2 Bartonian Seeb Fm. (47) Late Eocene to Early Miocene SSW-directed (Dammam) the domes, including basanite intrusions. CENOZOIC Eocene Lutetian 47.8 Hadhra- Hamrat Duru Gr. Kawr Gr. Umar Gr. Dome, caused by slowdown of Makran Hadhra- (51) Rusayl Fm. (Hawasina Complex) (Kawr-Misfah and (Haybi Complex) 50 Pg20 maut (46) subduction zone Ypresian Pg20 maut ? platform facies) Neo-Autochthonous Paleogene Neogene 56.0 WNW-directed emplacement of the Masirah Ophiolite, resulting Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene extension 59.2 Thanetian (44) Jafnayn Fm. (45) Fm. Paleocene 61.6 Selandian Pg10 Abat from transpressional movements of the Arabian and Indian “Tectonic Stage 1” of Fournier et al. (2006) Danian Pg10 (Umm Er Radhuma) plates. 66.0 ? D6 - High-pressure metamorphism in a NE-dipping Masirah Ophiolite emplacement Listwaenite Al-Khod & c Maastrichtian (43) subduction zone and exhumation of the Arabian Completion of emplacement of the Semail Ophiolite. 72.1 K180 Qahlah fms. continental margin (northeastern Saih Hatat Dome). D6b - Thrusting of allochthonous onto Arabian Margin. Bulging Major extenison/exhumation in the Saih Hatat K170 Aruma Thrust of the allochthonous nappes Formation of F4 folds and the “upper plate-lower plate Campanian K170 Aruma of the Arabian Margin before arrival of the allochthonous units Dome discontinuity”. Upper 83.6 Muti Fm. (17) Foreland Basin and collapse of the Arabian Platform. 86.3 Santonian K160 ? ? Development of F3 folds due to oblique collision between Arabi- 89.8 Coniacian Overall SW-directed compression during K150 an and Indian plates at ~85-75 Ma. 93.9 Turonian K150 obduction K140 Listwaenite Nayid Fm. K130 (29) Cenomanian Natih Fm. (16) (22) D6a - Formation of the Semail Ophiolite in a supra-subduction 100 100.5 K120 zone setting (units 33-42), and beginning of SW-directed thrust- K110 Wasia ing of the Semail Ophiolite onto the Haybi Complex. Formation Albian of F2 folds and metamorphic sole (unit 32) at the thrust contact. K100 Nahr Umr Fm. (15) Al-Ghafat & 113.0 K90 Musallah fms. K90 (25) Cretaceous Kahmah 3 Aptian K80 (Shams Fm.) Lower (Shu’aiba) (14) 126.3 K70 (Kharaib) Barremian K60 130.8 K50 Kahmah (Lekhwair) 133.9 Hauterivian Kahmah (Habshan) Sid’r Fm. K40
Valanginian (21) Semail Ophiolite 139.4 K40 K30 Kahmah 1 & 2 145.0 Berriasian K20 (Rayda & Salil fms.) (13) Nadan Fm. K10 J110 (28) D5 - Gondwana breakup, formation of oceanic lithosphere E of Tithonian J110 150 152.1 Oman (future Masirah Ophiolite) probably results in gentle uplift J100-J70 Aqil Fm. Upper Kimmeridgian and tilting of the Arabian Margin and the Hawasina Basin. 157.3 J60 Extension E of Oman (Batain Basin) J60 (31) Additional sea-level rise resulted in a hiatus. Subsidence of the Oxfordian J50 163.5 Arabian margin. 166.1 Callovian J40 Guwayza Fm. 168.3 Bathonian J40 Middle 170.3 J30 Sahtan Dhruma Fm. (20) Bajocian J20 Upper
MESOZOIC 174.1 Aalenian J20 Mafraq Fm. Toarcian J10 Buwaydah Fm. Jurassic 182.7 Sahtan (24) (12) Lower Pliensbachian 190.8 J10 Lower Mafraq Fm. Mafraq Fm. Sinemurian 199.3 200 201.3 Hettangian Hajar Supergroup Matbat Fm.
Rhaetian (19)
209.5 Unit B Autochthonous
Tr80 Upper Norian Mahil Fm. Misfah Fm. Tr80 228.4 ( Jilh & (11) (27) Sudair fms.) Sayfam Fm. Carnian Tr70 Akhdar Triassic Tr70 237.0 Tr60 Akhdar (23) Tr60 241.5 Ladinian Tr50 Middle ? Anisian Tr40 Al-Jil Fm. Sinni Fm. 247.1 Tr40 ? Lower 250.0 Olenekian (18) (30) 250 252.2 Induan Tr30-Tr10 254.2 Chansighian Tr10 P40 Lopingian Wuchiapingian P30 259.8 Baid Fm. Saiq Fm. (10) 265.1 Capitanian (26) P20 (Khuff Fm.) Guadalupian 268.8 Wordian 272.3 Roadian P20 Kungurian D4 - Opening of the Neo-Tethys Ocean near a triple junction, 279.3 Hamrat Al-Aridh Gr. Kawr Gr. Umar Gr. results in passive continental margin formation. Neo-Tethys Ocean rifting
Permian Artinskian Jabal Akhdar Saih Hatat Duru Gr. (Kawr-Misfah + platform facies) (Haybi Complex Cisuralian Haushi 290.1 Dome Dome (distal slope and distal ocean-trench) Sakmarian 295.5 P10 Haushi basin facies) 298.9 Asselian 300 Gzhelian 303.7 Gondwana Glaciation in Oman and Saudi Arabia 307.0 Kasimovian Al Khlata Fm. (9) Pennsylvanian Moscovian 315.2 P10 Bashkirian D3 - “Hercynian” faulting and uplift. Formation of F1 faults? 323.2 “Hercynian” deformation Serpukhovian 330.9 C10
Visean Mississippian
Carboniferous 346.7 350 Tournaisian
450 O40 Upper 453.0 Katian 458.4 Sandbian Amdeh Fm. (8) (Saih Am5 Mbr. Middle Darriwilian O30 Nihayda Fm.) Mid-Ordovician rift pulse of Oterdoom et al. (1999). Local sinistral transtension 467.3 O30 470.0 Dapingian Am4 Mbr. (Ghudun Fm.) Floian
Ordovician 477.7 Lower O20 (Barakat Fm.) Am3 Mbr. Tremadocian Andam (Mabrouk Fm.) 485.4 O10 DownloadedPALEOZOIC from http://mem.lyellcollection.org/489.5 Age 10 by guest on September 30, 2021 Furongian 494.0 Jiangshanian
'Upper' 497.0 Paibian Cm30 500 500.5 Ghuzangian
Epoch 3 504.5 Drumian Cm20 Haima Supergroup Age 5 Mahatta 'Middle' 509.0 Age 4 514.0 Cm20 Humaid Epoch 2 Am2 Mbr. (Amin Fm.) Age 3 521.0 ? Am1 Mbr. (Haradh Fm.) Cambrian D2 - Angudan Unconformity (Early Cambrian Angudan Event Age 2 ? of the East African Orogeny. Formation of F2 faults. 529.0 Nimr 'Lower' Terreneuvian D1 - Cadomian Orogeny. Formation of F1 folds in the Fortunian ? western Jabal Akhdar Dome. Cadomian Event Fara Fm. 541.0 Ara (5) 30° Oman’s paleo-latitude after Hughes Clarke (2006) (Ara) Basin deepening, possible related to N Transtension in the cause of the East African Orogeny. ? transtension during the East African Orogeny Kharus Fm. 20° Tropic of Cancer 550 (Buah) (4) Hiyam Fm. (7) ? ? 10° Paleoposition trend 0° Nafun Mu’aydin Fm. (3) Gr. II (Shuram) 10° Regional subsidence and extension. ? 20° S Tropic of Capricorn 30° ? Syndepositional extensional faulting 40° Ediacaran
600 Unit A Autochthonous Hajir Fm. (2) (Khufai) 50° Nafun 60° ? ? Ediacaran Camb. Ordov. Sil. Devon. Carbonif. Perm. Trias. Jura. Cret. Palg. Ne. Gr. I Amq Mbr. Neoproterozoic Paleozoic Mesozoic Ceno. (Masirah Bay & 600 500 400 300 200 100(Ma) 0 Hadash fms.) 635.0 Huqf Supergroup Mistal Fm. (1) (Ghadir Manqil?) Sarin Mbr. (with diamictites Marinoan Glaciation and carbonates) ~660-635 Ma Fiq Mbr. ? 650 Neoproterozoic ? Amarat Mbr. Saqlah Mbr. ? Jahlut Mbr. Andreas Scharf, Frank Mattern, Mohammed Al-Wardi, unconformity “Abu Mahara rifting” Gianluca Frijia, Daniel Moraetis, Bernhard Pracejus, Hatat Fm. (6) Diamictite Intra-continental extension and rifting. Wilfried Bauer & Ivan Callegari (“Abu Mahara rifting”) 2021 Sandstone Abu Mahara Stratigraphic chart compiled from numerous sources which are Siltstone Cryogenian indicated in the main text “The geology and tectonics of the Saadi Mbr. Jabal Akhdar and Saih Hatat domes, Oman Mountains”. Litholog- Shale ical groups (1-52) corresponding to the units in the “Geological Sturtian Glaciation 700 map of the Jabal Akhdar and Saih Hatat domes (northeastern Marl ~715-680 Ma Oman)”. “Arabian Plate Sequence Stratigraphy” column after ? ? Simmons et al. (2007) with red and blue labels corresponding to Dolostone Ghubrah Mbr. (MFSs), respectively. Inlet at the top depicts a schematic and Limestone ? ? et al. (1990). Timescale after Gradstein et al. (2012). Extrusives
Fig. A.2. Correlation of the tectono-stratigraphic units and events at the Jabal Akhdar and Saih Hatat domes (northeastern Oman). Subsurface formation names or their equivalents (if existing) are shown in brackets below the names. Main rock lithologies of each unit are indicated. A schematic sketch of the Hawasina Basin and subunits, including their width, is depicted in the upper part of the figure (modified after Béchennec et al. 1990). Palaeolatitude of Oman after Hughes Clarke (2006) and Droste (2014). Note that the size of Oman is exaggerated. Time scale after Gradstein et al. (2012). Note that the ages of the formations within the Nafun groups vary according to different authors as summarized in Al-Husseini (2014, his table 1). See text for details of the tectonic/glacial events and stress directions. Downloaded from http://mem.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 30, 2021
114 A. Scharf et al.
(3) Hawasina rocks in the Baid area (southwestern margin rocks are mapped as part of the Umar Group, while in of the SHD) have been mapped differently. In the the 1:250 000 map of Seeb (Béchennec et al. 1992a) 1:100 000 map of Fanja (Villey et al. 1986c) some mapped the same outcrops as Hamrat Duru Group.
Appendix E (Thermal and hyperalkaline springs)
Table A.1. Thermal springs of the study area
# Spring Province Wilayat (district) Latitude Longitude T (°C) EC (µS/cm)
1 Al Khadhra S Batinah Rustaq 23.359035 57.311128 40 892 2 Al Kasfah S Batinah Rustaq 23.394033 57.411030 45 894 3 Saighi S Batinah Rustaq 23.387660 57.429604 39 812 4 Al Ghareedh S Batinah Nakhl 23.375225 57.826822 37 738 5 Sakhnan S Batinah Nakhl 23.373920 57.834505 36 709 6 Al Thawarah S Batinah Nakhl 23.377910 57.836682 37 687 7 Subaykhah S Batinah W. Maawil 23.504770 57.919691 51 1375 8 Saleel S Batinah W. Maawil 23.512153 57.935619 41 1237 9 Hammam Sharqi Dakhliyah Bidbid 23.454106 58.102635 41 759 10 Hammam Ansab or Al-Ali Muscat Bawsher 23.469453 58.323011 66 1420 11 Heed Muscat Bawsher 23.528464 58.382122 41 1084 12 Hammam Ghala Muscat Bawsher 23.529642 58.383682 42 1086 13 Falaj Bawsher Muscat Bawsher 23.535521 58.398906 36 1000 14 Al Ghar Muscat Bawsher 23.536471 58.398760 37 996 15 Sad Muscat Bawsher 23.541938 58.407320 37 960 16 Al Hobe Dakhliyah Semail 23.320060 57.947286 37 500 17 Hannah Dakhliyah Semail 23.292894 57.917994 38 524 18 Ghaiz Al Dhahia or Al-Mahl Dakhliyah Semail 23.288760 57.919080 45 652 19 Manabik Dakhliyah Semail 23.280847 57.916044 45 664 20 Qury Dakhliyah Semail 23.218039 57.870992 35 473 21 Hammam Sayjah Dakhliyah Semail 23.214513 57.871624 39 539 22 Hammam Afiah Dakhliyah Semail 23.104017 57.823819 n.a. n.a. 23 Wadi Daiqa Gorge Muscat Quriyat 23.070630 58.774270 n.a. n.a.
Locations (#) are shown in figure 4.1 (Scharf et al. 2021, Chapter 4, this Memoir) Note, the springs #2 (Al Kasfah) and #10 (Hammam Ansab) are the same as springs #33 and #37 in Table A.2. Wadi Daiqa Gorge (#23) after Alan Heward pers. comm. (an older name for the gorge, stemming from the journey of Lees and Cox is the ‘Devils Gap’. That was the name attributed to it by sailors as it is a readily recognizable cleft on the skyline when looked at from a distance, Heward, pers. comm.). EC, electrical conductivity; n.a., not available.
Table A.2. Hyperalkaline springs in the study area after Paukert et al. (2012, highlighted in bold print) and Chavagnac et al. (2013a, b)
# Site of Chavagnac et al. (2013a, b) Spring’s name Latitude Longitude Altitude (m) T (°C) pH EC (µS/cm) and Paukert et al. (2012)
24 2 Nidab 23°12′57″ 58°08′25″ 473 33.2 11.5 n.a. 25 3 Yellowstone du pauvre 22°49′10″ 57°48′48″ 479 20.8 10.1 n.a. 26 5 Little Grand Canon 22°50′49″ 58°03′22″ 533 28.3 11.8 n.a. 27 6 32.2 11.7 OM10_02L Falaij 22°50′16″ 58°03′24″ n.a. 30.8 11.5 2230 OM10_03R Falaij 22°50′33″ 58°03′29″ n.a. 27.9 11.6 1967 28 8 Izki les 2 puits 22°55′40″ 57°46′20″ 530 23.4 7.8 n.a. 29 10 Le partage du midi 22°52′26″ 57°31′12″ 472 22.4 11.7 n.a. 30 11 Lac bleu de Bahla 22°59′28″ 57°17′34″ 562 26.3 10.8 n.a. 31 12 Ain Al-Waddah 22°59′28″ 57°17′34″ 562 33.3 11.7 n.a. 32 20 Le salaire de la peur 23°37′39″ 57°06′55″ 322 23.9 9.1 n.a. 33 21 Rustaq 23°23′36″ 57°24′41″ 373 45.2 8.2 n.a. 34 22 La poule au pot 23°34′19″ 58°01′38″ 94 35.8 11.3 n.a. 35 23 4 × 4 practice 23°33′49″ 58°06′44″ 140 26.3 10.4 n.a. 36 24 Gabbro lité 23°33′30″ 58°06′25″ 80 21.0 11.4 n.a. 37 25 L’ane blanc 23°28′12″ 58°19′26″ N.A. 65.5 7.9 n.a. 38 26 La grande Ligurie 23°37′12″ 57°06′48″ 337 31.3 11.3 n.a. 39 30 Rencontre de la colombe 22°54′22″ 58°25′35″ 660 27.5 11.7 n.a. OM10_04S Qafifah 22°54′16″ 58°25′29″ n.a. 22.4 11.8 1685 OM10_04U Qafifah 22°54′17″ 58°25′27″ n.a. 24.9 11.7 1778 OM09_W05L Qafifah 22°54′17″ 58°25′27″ n.a. 23.8 11.6 1854 40 31 les lauriers roses 22°53′44″ 58°23′41″ 689 26.4 11.6 n.a. 41 32 Graviere 23°19′21″ 58°13′42″ 367 31.0 11.5 n.a. OM10_01A Misbit 23°17′27″ 58°13′55″ n.a. 31.6 11.2 1640 42 OM09_W06O Dima 22°59′02″ 58°35′40″ n.a. 30.3 11.5 1905
Locations (#) are shown in figure 4.1 (Scharf et al. 2021, Chapter 4, this Memoir). Note, the springs #33 (Rustaq) and #37 (L’ane blanc) of Chavagnac et al. (2013a, b) are the same as springs #2 and #10 in Table A.1. Note the springs #26, 27 (Little Grand Canon), #39 (Rencontre de la colombe) and #41 (Graviere) of Chavagnac et al. (2013a, b) are the same sites of Paukert et al. (2012; Falaij, Qafifah and Misbit, respectively). EC, electrical conductivity; n.a., not available. Downloaded from http://mem.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 30, 2021
Appendices to: The geology and tectonics of the Jabal Akhdar and Saih Hatat Domes (Oman Mountains) 115
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