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Preliminary Application of Space-Based Remote Sensing And ISSN: 2148-9173 Vol: Issue:3 September20 ,QWHUQDWLRQDO-RXUQDORI(QYLURQPHQWDQG*HRLQIRUPDWLFV ,-(*(2 LVDQLQWHUQDWLRQDO PXOWLGLVFLSOLQDU\SHHUUHYLHZHGRSHQDFFHVVMRXUQDO Preliminary Application of Space-Based Remote Sensing and Geospatial Technology for Investigation on the Geo-Environmental Consequences of Cyclone Aila 2009 in the Bangladesh Farhana TAZNEEN, Hafizur RAHMAN, Sajidur RAHMAN, Nasrin SULTANA, B.M. Refat FAISAL &KLHILQ(GLWRU 3URI'U&HP*D]LR÷OX &R(GLWRUV 3URI'U'XUVXQ=DIHUùHNHU3URI'UùLQDVL.D\D 3URI'U$\úHJO7DQÕNDQG$VVLVW3URI'U9RONDQ'HPLU (GLWRULDO&RPPLWWHH September $VVRc3URI'U$EGXOODK$NVX 75 $VVLW3URI'U8÷XU$OJDQFÕ 75 3URI'U%HGUL$OSDU 75 Assoc. Prof. Dr. Aslı Aslan (US), 3URI'U/HYHQW%DW 75 3URI'U3DXO%DWHV 8. øUúDG%D\ÕUKDQ 75 3URI'U%OHQW %D\UDP 75 3URI'U/XLV0%RWDQD (6 3URI'U1XUD\dD÷ODU 75 3URI'U6XNDQWD'DVK ,1 'U6RRILD7 (OLDV 8. 3URI'U$(YUHQ(UJLQDO 75 $VVRF3URI'U&QH\W(UHQR÷OX 75 'U'LHWHU)ULWVFK '( 3URI 'UdL÷GHP*|NVHO 75 3URI'U/HQD+DORXQRYD &= 3URI'U0DQLN.DOXEDUPH ,1 'U+DNDQ.D\D 75 $VVLVW3URI'U6HUNDQ.NUHU 75 $VVRF3URI'U0DJHG0DUJKDQ\ 0< 3URI'U0LFKDHO0HDGRZV =$ 3URI 'U 1HEL\H 0XVDR÷OX 75 3URI 'U 0DVDIXPL 1DNDJDZD -3 3URI 'U +DVDQ g]GHPLU 75 3URI 'U &KU\VV\3RWVLRX *5 3URI'U(URO6DUÕ 75 3URI'U0DULD3DUDGLVR ,7 3URI'U3HWURV3DWLDV *5 3URI'U (OLI6HUWHO 75 3URI'U1NHW6LYUL 75 3URI'U)VXQ%DOÕNùDQOÕ 75 3URI'U8÷XUùDQOÕ 75 'X\JXhONHU 75 3URI'U6H\IHWWLQ7Dú 75 $VVRF3URI'UgPHU6XDW7DúNÕQ TR Assist. Prof. Dr. Tuba Ünsal (TR), Dr. Manousos Valyrakis (UK), 'UøQHVH9DUQD /9 'U3HWUD9LVVHU 1/ 3URI'U6HOPDhQO 75 Assoc. Prof. Dr. Oral Yağcı (TR), 3URI'U0XUDW<DNDU 75 Assoc. Prof. Dr. İ. Noyan Yılmaz (AU); $VVLW3URI'U6LEHO=HNL 75 $EVWUDFWLQJ DQG ,QGH[LQJ 75 ',=,1 '2$- ,QGH[ &RSHUQLFXV 2$-, 6FLHQWLILF ,QGH[LQJ 6HUYLFHV ,QWHUQDWLRQDO 6FLHQWLILF ,QGH[LQJ-RXUQDO)DFWRU*RRJOH6FKRODU8OULFK V3HULRGLFDOV'LUHFWRU\:RUOG&DW'5-,5HVHDUFK%LE62%,$' International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics 8(3):229-244 (2021) Research Article Preliminary Application of Space-Based Remote Sensing and Geospatial Technology for Investigation on the Geo-Environmental Consequences of Cyclone Aila 2009 in the Bangladesh Farhana Tazneen1, Hafizur Rahman1,*, Sajidur Rahman2, Nasrin Sultana1 and 1 B.M. Refat Faisal 1 Bangladesh Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization (SPARRSO), Agargaon, Shere Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh 2 Centre for Climate Change and Environmental Research (C3ER), BRAC University, 66 Mohakhali Dhaka 1212. Bangladesh * Corresponding author: H. RAHMAN Received: 08 Dec 2020 * E-mail: [email protected] Accepted: 08 Feb 2021 How to cite: Tazneen et al. (2021). Preliminary application of space-based remote sensing and geospatial technology for investigation on the geo-environmental effects of Cyclone Aila 2009 in the Bangladesh. International Journal of Environment and Geoinformatics (IJEGEO), 8(3): 229-244. doi. 10.30897/ijegeo.837770 Abstract Climate change has become a great concern in the context of global change and increased frequency and magnitude of natural disasters throughout the world. Natural disasters like cyclones, storm surges, floods etc. often cause significant losses of life, large- scale economic and social impacts, and considerable environmental damages. This paper dealt with the overall methodological development to investigate the consequences of climate change extremities particularly, the after effects of cyclone using Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology. In this context, individual functional components have been investigated, tested and verified. Time series multi-sensor satellite data particularly of Landsat, World view (from Google origin) have been utilized to infer information on the consequences of Cyclone Aila 2009 hitting part of Southwestern Bangladesh as a pilot study. Information retrieval mechanism utilized is based on specially designed methodological framework using satellite-based RS technology along with GIS. Developed technical approach consists of a three-fold components – (i) Establishment of input foundation layer with high spatial details to support characterization, recognition and identification of important surface features using high resolution satellite data; (ii) Effective operational procedure to process, analyze, interpret and finally to archive the retrieved information; (iii) Functional computations were made using spatial modeler language (SML) programming environment under ERDAS Imagine image processing software. Satellite image processing, analysis operation together with image-based spectral characterization of surface features under different stressing conditions etc. have been exercised to derive useful surface information. Specially designed geospatial database has been established in GIS using ArcGIS operational platform. Varieties of geospatial data from diverse sources have been incorporated categorically as column-based attributes in GIS. Dual spatial data layers have been generated in GIS for two different dates representing the pre-cyclone and post-cyclone time sequences utilizing appropriate high spatial resolution satellite images. Finally, a geospatial image-based combinational technique has been utilized employing high temporal and moderate spatial resolution time series satellite data with low temporal and high spatial resolution satellite data. Such an operation results in an improved spatial and temporal resolution of output products enabling capture of dynamics of surface features in the spatiotemporal domain providing more precision and details in the output. This study has been supplemented with necessary Ground Position System (GPS)-guided ground truthing, selected field data collection and field-based group discussions outcomes. Keywords: Geospatial techniques, GIS, Remote sensing, Landsat, Disaster. Introduction prone to multiple threats like cyclones, storm surges, floods, tsunamis, and climate change (Bishawjit et al., Bangladesh is one of the largest deltas in the world, 2017). Government (GoB, 2005) identified the coastal which is highly vulnerable to natural disasters due to its zone as an “agro-ecologically disadvantaged region”. unique geographical location, flat and low-lying The dense population in Bangladesh results in a high landscape, population density, poverty, illiteracy, lack of human-to-land ratio of about 520 people per km2 (BBS, institutional setup etc. The coastal areas of Bangladesh 2012a). This density has a significant influence on land are particularly disaster prone because of their use/land cover. According to the Long-Term Climate geographical location, land characteristics and the Risk Index (CRI) 2017 of German Watch, Bangladesh proximity to the funnel-shaped feature (which reduces has been ranked as the sixth most affected country in the the width and increases the height of storm induced period of 1996-2015 regarding climatic disasters of the waves) of the Northern Bay of Bengal (UNEP, 2001). world (Kreft et al., 2016). All the adverse effects have This coastal zone forms the lowest landmass (in cases 0- aggravated the overall economic development scenario 30 cm mean sea level), part of a delta of the extended of the country largely. The combined effect of natural Himalayan drainage ecosystem, and is exceedingly and anthropogenic activities further intensifies the 229 Tazneen et al., / IJEGEO 8(3): 229-244 (2021) damage to the ecosystem and hamper the economy, powered graphic and processing tools that are equipped livelihood, migration (Rowsell et al., 2013) and with procedures and applications for inputting, storing, development of the coastal areas of Bangladesh (MWR, analyzing and visualizing geo-referenced information. 2005). Planning to mitigate the impact of such incidents Various disasters like cyclones, floods, earthquakes, has become even more critical, given the prediction of tsunamis and other natural hazards that end with increased climatic extremes associated with an significant losses of human lives, properties and “enhanced greenhouse effect.” UN stressed the need for infrastructures. Remotely sensed data can be used to special attention to be given to planning for natural assess the impact of damages due to these disasters. In disasters and to reducing long-term vulnerability in those the disaster relief phase, GIS, grouped with global countries at highest risk. Eventually, the threatening positioning system (GPS) is extremely useful. consequences of global climate change phenomena powered by increasingly hazardous natural disasters This research examines the utility of RS technologies for principally cyclones, storm surges, floods, Earthquake, damage assessment in disasters and presents a landslides etc. with cascading effects of tidal floods, framework for the application of RS technologies water logging, intrusion of salinity, enhanced drought, specifically to the disaster. Space technology has land-use and land-cover changes etc. imposed great significant influence in the decision-making processes in challenges to the living community worldwide. almost all social spheres. It encompasses information generation on natural resource viz., land use, agriculture, It is obvious that space technology inputs are crucial for climate, urban systems for better management of disaster monitoring, management etc. as it is the only resources and in protecting humans from the impact of means to obtain required real-time data in remote and natural calamities like cyclone, flood, drought, forest inaccessible areas. Recent advancements in remote fire, landslide etc. sensing (RS) and its application
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