Brief information on the individual presentations

Kim Kielsen, Prime Minister of Greenland, Chairman of Siumut

The visions - the reforms

The fundamental vision of the government coalition is the national independence of Greenland, and the three coalition parties, Siumut, Inuit Ataqatigiit and Partii Nalaraq, are each committed to work for greater stability in the political work, and to create increased equality in society and a stable framework for the development of political solutions.

Under the coalition agreement, necessary political reforms must be carried out in the areas of taxation, housing and social services, and in order to promote a more self- sustaining economy, the coalition’s business policy rests on four pillars: fishing and industry, mineral resources, tourism and land-based business and education. The foundation of the country’s business development must consist of good framework conditions for companies and an attractive investment climate for foreign investors.

At the Future Greenland conference, Kim Kielsen will explain how the coalition government intends to implement a visionary reform policy.

Margrethe Vestager, European Commissioner, former Danish government minister

In the political ‘engine room’: How is a business policy agenda created and implemented?

Margrethe Vestager will talk about how to generate growth in a way that benefits a wide swathe of society, and about investments and the confidence needed in connection with major investment decisions. Important parameters are a well-trained workforce, a good research environment, entrepreneurial spirit, and a willingness to enter into cooperation and partnership in order to tackle challenges that are too large for us to handle alone.

Randi Vestergaard Evaldsen, Member of Parliament, former Minister of Finance and Mineral Resources

Growth and welfare: How do we create a political balance?

In her presentation, Randi Vestergaard Evaldsen will point out that the benefits of the welfare society are a luxury that many countries envy Greenland. But it is a luxury that is under pressure. If we fail to adapt our society to the massive challenges we face, it is the welfare society that will be the loser in the end, she assesses.

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As a society, Greenland must therefore constantly create growth so that we can afford welfare. That development begins at home, and continues in primary school. This is where the human resources are formed that will be crucial to the society of the future.

Anders Krab-Johansen, editor and managing director of Børsen

We win when we wake – the art of remaining a wealthy society

Anders Krab-Johansen warns that prosperity can become a pretext for inaction, which means that an understanding of the connection between work and prosperity is lost. He points out that Danes of the welfare society have failed to grasp their opportunities, and are losing the ability to reinvent themselves as a true market economy.

It is against this background that he will mirror the Greenlandic community at the Future Greenland conference.

Angelina Mehta, Sentient Group

The requirements of investors and capital towards Greenland

Angelina Mehta will speak about Sentient’s investment practices and the company’s expectations towards success in Greenland, and she will also comment on the company’s investments in Greenland since 2012.

Professor Torben M. Andersen, Aarhus University, Chairman of the Economic Council

A self-sustaining economy – demands and possibilities

What possibilities exist to create a self-sustaining economy, and what would this demand? What strengths has Greenland, and what barriers does it face in relation to strengthening its business development, and thereby ensuring progress towards a more self-sustaining economy? What are the economic and political demands – and the possibilities of meeting them?

Professor Minik Rosing, geologist, University of Copenhagen, Chairman of the Board of the University of Greenland

Greenland Perspective – can Greenland create new businesses that contribute to global solutions?

The University of Greenland and the University of Copenhagen are responsible for the initiative ‘Greenland Perspective’, which is in many ways a response to the 2014 report

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‘For the Benefit of Greenland’. By drawing upon international research, local businesses, authorities and civil society, Greenland Perspective aims to examine how the special characteristics of Greenland can be turned into an advantage and used as a lever for positive development in the country.

Kuupik Kleist, Consultant, former Prime Minister of Greenland

The mining industry’s encounter with Greenland – Are we competitive?

Kuupik Kleist takes his starting-point in Greenland’s acute need for new economic activities, and the background to this need.

Referring to the latest annual benchmarking analyses from the Fraser Institute, he will highlight the crucial factors for the investment climate, and thereby the willingness of investors to take risks.

Finally, he will suggest what measures are needed in order to promote a mining industry in Greenland.

Lars Storr-Hansen, Managing Director, Danish Construction Association

Value creation in the construction sector – the greatest challenges right now

Lars Storr-Hansen will focus on political initiatives aimed at benefiting the economy and employment. He will outline some general issues that are also relevant in Greenland – such as the shortage of labour, the planning of public construction projects and labour market reforms.

The planning of major public projects often goes awry in both Denmark and Greenland. This is a problem for the industry – especially when project planning is not done properly, or already allocated money is not invested as predicted.

Public investment is crucial for many construction companies – in Greenland, these typically involve investments in harbours, airports, other major infrastructure projects and urban development. The companies are dependent on investments occurring at a steady pace, so they do not have to continually accelerate and slow down. If companies cannot plan for the long term, it is impossible to sustain the required capacity in the form of qualified employees and technical resources. It also means that the individual projects become more expensive than necessary. The companies of the construction industry have one overall wish: stability!

Doris Jakobsen, Minister for Education, Culture, Research and the Church

Primary schools astray and teacher training in crisis – what can be done?

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Doris Jakobsen will provide a brief description of the current situation in primary schools, and outline the visions and plans of the government of Greenland for a primary school that is more closely linked to upper secondary and vocational education.

Helene Høj, Consultant, Danish Construction Association, Dept. for Regional Policy, Labour Market and Training

How do we strengthen the vocational schools and recruitment to the manual trades?

Helene Høj will hold a presentation on the strategy of the Danish Construction Association to attract young people to vocational education, and will describe how the organisation brings its member companies and the primary schools into play. She will describe the current training situation in the construction industry, and outline how the educational system forms the framework for the industry’s recruitment possibilities.

Torben Möger Pedersen, Managing Director, PensionDanmark

The requirements of investors and capital towards Greenland

On the basis of the experience gleaned from PensionDanmark’s infrastructure investments of more than DKK 25 billion in Europe and the United States, and from the Climate Investment Fund, Torben Pedersen Möger will present some ideas on how money from the Danish pension funds could find its way to Greenland.

Torben Möger Pedersen will assess Greenland as an investment country in relation to infrastructure, housing construction, etc., and describe PensionDanmark’s overall investment considerations.

Presentation of the speakers

Kim Kielsen

Kim Kielsen is chairman of the Greenlandic parliament, and thereby Prime Minister of the government of Greenland. Mr Kielsen, who is a trained police officer, has been chairman of the Siumut party since 2014. His political career took off in 2005 when he was elected to both the municipal council in Paamiut and the national parliament.

From 2007 to 2009, he was Minister for Infrastructure and the Environment. In November 2013 he became Minister for the Environment, Nature and Nordic Cooperation, and in October 2014, he became Minister of Housing.

In October 2014 Kim Kielsen became acting prime minister, and after the parliamentary elections of 28 November 2014, he formed a coalition government consisting of Siumut, the Democrats and Atassut.

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The coalition was dissolved in October 2016 when Siumut terminated its cooperation with the Democrats and Atassut, after which Siumut, Inuit Ataqatigiit and Partii Naleraq formed a new coalition, with Kim Kielsen as Prime Minister.

Margrethe Vestager

Margrethe Vestager is European Commissioner for Competition in the EU. She was Minister of Education in the Danish government from 1998-2001 and political leader of the Danish Social-Liberal Party from 2007-2014, as well as Minister for Economic and Home Affairs and Denmark’s Deputy Prime Minister from 2011-2014.

Margrethe Vestager is a graduate of Varde Secondary School and holds an MA in Political Science from the University of Copenhagen.

Randi Vestergaard Evaldsen

Randi Vestergaard Evaldsen is chairman of the Democrats. She is an AP Graduate in Service, Tourism and Hospitality Management, specialising in tourism, and has an academy education in international trade and marketing.

Randi Vestergaard Evaldsen was elected to the national parliament in 2014, and was Minister of Finance and Mineral Resources from 2015-2016. In 2017 she was also elected to the municipal council in the Nuuk municipality of Sermersooq.

Anders Krab-Johansen

Anders Krab-Johansen, born in Greenland, is editor-in-chief and managing director of the financial magazine Børsen. He holds a degree in political science from the University of Copenhagen, and a Master’s degree in journalism from Columbia University, New York.

Anders Krab-Johansen has worked for Børsen, Ritzau, Politiken, DR and TV2, and in recent years, his has been a clear voice in the debate on business conditions and Denmark’s position in the global economy.

Angelina Mehta

Angelina Mehta is Investment Manager of the Sentient Group, a venture capital fund with a particular focus on mineral resources. She is a trained mining engineer, and holds an MBA from McGill University in Montreal.

Angelina Mehta is a member of the management board of Meridian Mining, a listed company focusing on projects in Brazil. She is also a member of the advisory board for McGill University’s education programme for mining engineers.

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Angelina Mehta is the founder of Women in Mining (WIM) in Montreal, and she is in the leadership of WIM Canada. She has gained expertise in both technical matters and business management through her work for Rio Tinto’s subsidiary Iron Ore Company of Canada, and has worked with funding in the BMO Financial Group in Toronto, and in Lafarge and CN Railway in Montreal.

Torben M. Andersen

Torben N. Andersen is a professor of national economics at the Department of Economics, Aarhus University. He holds an MSc from the London School of Economics, a Lic. Oecon from Aarhus University and a PhD from CORE, Université Catholique de Louvain, Belgium.

His primary research interests are the Nordic welfare model, public economics, labour market economics, the economics of pensions and demography. Within these subjects, he has published an extensive selection of articles in internationally-recognised journals as well as books.

Torben M. Andersen is associated with a number of international research centres, including CEPR (London), IZA (Bonn) and CESifo (Munich), and he is a fellow of the European Economic Association, Academia Europaea.

He has been actively involved in providing economic policy advice to Denmark, the Nordic countries and a number of other countries, and the EU Commission. He has been both a member and chairman of the Danish Economic Council and vice-chairman of the Swedish Fiscal Policy Council. Torben N. Andersen is chairman of the Economic Council for Greenland, a member of the Economic Policy Council of Finland, and a member of the European Economic Advisory Group. He has also been a member or chairman of a number of committees, councils and commissions in Denmark and abroad, including the Welfare Commission, the Tax and Welfare Commission of Greenland, the Norwegian Commission on Welfare and Migration, the Expert Committee on the Danish Poverty Line, the Pension Commission and the Systemic Risk Council.

Torben M. Andersen has held a number of representative and administrative posts at Aarhus University, as well as on various boards of directors. He is currently he is a member of the board of the Danish National Centre for Social Research (SFI), Lønmodtagernes Dyrtidsfond (LD), the Danish Industry Foundation and the Politiken Foundation.

Minik Rosing

Minik Rosing is a professor of geology at the University of Copenhagen, chairman of the board of the University of Greenland, and chairman of the Greenland Research Council. Prof. Rosing is known around the world for his studies of the earliest life on Earth, and his

6 research also covers mineral resources, focusing on the importance of minerals in the development of society.

Prof. Rosing was head of the committee behind the report “For the Benefit of Greenland” and is now leading a new initiative: Greenland Perspective, a collaborative project between the University of Greenland and the University of Copenhagen.

Kuupik Vandersee Kleist

Kuupik Kleist is Chairman of the Greenland Business Association’s industry committee for Minerals and Contractors. He works as a consultant for Tanbreez Mining Greenland and the Inuit Circumpolar Council, amongst others.

Kuupik Kleist, who holds a degree in social work from Roskilde University, has had a long political career in which he was a member of parliament from 2001-2007. He became chairman of the Inuit Atagatigiit Party in 2007 and was Prime Minister of Greenland in the period 2009-2013, after which he left politics.

Lars Storr-Hansen

Lars Storr-Hansen holds a degree in political science from the University of Copenhagen, and also has a supplementary degree in journalism. He has also studied management strategy at the University of Pennsylvania.

He has been an administrative officer in the Ministry of Finance, consultant for the Liberal Party of Denmark, an economist at Danish Commerce and Service, senior consultant at Codan Bank and Nykredit Bank, a journalist at Børsens News Magazine and press secretary for the Ministry of Taxation and Social Affairs. In 2005 he became an executive adviser in the Confederation of Danish Industries, and later deputy director in the organisation Trade, Transport and Service. He has been managing director of the Danish Construction Association since 2008.

Doris Jakobsen

Doris Jakobsen is Minister for Education, Culture, Research and the Church. She has been active in Greenlandic politics since her youth, and has been president of Siumut Youth, and has held prominent posts in several other youth organisations.

In 2002 Doris Jakobsen was elected to the Greenlandic Parliament, Inatsisartut, and she has also been a member of the Danish Parliament, Folketinget. She has also been a member of the municipal council in Sermersooq Municipality, where she held the post of deputy mayor.

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Doris Jakobsen is a graduate of the North Greenland Secondary School in Aasiaat, and has studied English at Carleton University in Canada.

Helene Høj

Helene Høj is a graduate of the Department of Film and Media Studies at the University of Copenhagen, and has always been interested in youth, identity and media. She has worked in the Danish Construction Association since 2013, focusing on education and recruitment to the construction industry.

Torben Möger Pedersen

Torben Möger Pedersen is CEO of PensionDanmark, which was founded in 1993. The company offers pension schemes, insurance and healthcare products on the basis of collective agreements for over 650,000 employees in more than 25,000 companies in the private and public sectors.

PensionDanmark has amongst other things invested in a number of offshore and onshore wind farms, biogas plants, solar power plants and other infrastructure projects. PensionDanmark is known to be an extremely well-managed company, with one of Denmark’s best financial returns.

Torben Möger Pedersen is a member of a number of boards and committees, and in 2014 he became a member of the private sector’s advisory group for the United Nations Green Climate Fund. He is also a member of the World Economic Forum’s global network on climate change, and in 2016 he joined the advisory board for the OECD’s new Centre on Green Finance and Investment.

Torben Möger Pedersen holds an MA in Political Science from the University of Copenhagen, and he has also studied at Fontainebleau, Insead Singapore, Babson College and Wharton Business School.

Workshops - purpose and content

• The purpose of a workshop is to allow the participants to engage in one or more of the issues introduced in the day’s plenary presentations. • Workshops will be introduced with one or more short presentations, for discussion within the workshop’s theme. • A workshop is a smaller participant forum with a more narrowly focused theme, which allows for greater debate and involvement. • One hour and thirty minutes is set aside for each workshop.

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• A moderator will be appointed in advance. • The speakers form part of the workshop’s panel. • Significant highlights, conclusions or views will be presented in plenary – maximum 5 minutes. The workshop will designate a participant to present the conclusions. • Presentations will be included in the overall conference documentation.

Tuesday 9 May – 13:15-14:45

Workshop 1: Power in Greenland – who sets the political agenda?

• It is GE’s contention that it is difficult to create and sustain a growth and business policy agenda in Greenlandic politics. As a result, the structural deficits in public finances (“the jaws of death”) are growing, and we are failing to utilise our resources sufficiently to create a stronger economy. It is almost always the “welfare coalition” that attracts attention, because the vast majority of the population is dependent on the public sector – either by being employed by it, or because they are dependent on grants or other transfers. For a politician, it is always easier to raise welfare costs than to make cuts or re-prioritise. This makes it hard to implement reforms that go against the interests of the welfare coalition, and the political debate thus comes to be about the distribution of the “cake crumbs” – not how to make the cake bigger. Is this correct or incorrect? And if so: Who dares to challenge the welfare coalition and put growth and business development in the centre? • What role do the print and electronic media play in the political debate in today’s Greenland? Are the voters interested in business policy or politics in general? How do the ‘old’ and new social media influence political opinion formation and the issues that are on the political agenda? • Is Greenland a pluralistic society, in which the media, stakeholders and citizens have easy access to insight into the political decision-making processes, and therefore actively participate in influencing the decision-makers’ attitudes and actions? • Does Greenland’s administration live up to reasonable criteria for transparency in political and administrative decision-making processes?

Speakers:

Jakob Janussen, former senior official in Greenland’s self-government: The conditions of democracy in Greenland – who sets the agenda?

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Andreas Møller Jørgensen, MSc in Information Technology and Philosophy, Aarhus University, PhD student:

University of Greenland: E-democracy: Democracy via digital information and communication technologies

Christian Schultz-Lorentzen: Digitalisation of the media – influence on public debate and democratic participation

Julie Rademacher, student, University of Greenland: Who runs Greenland?

Moderator:

Workshop 2: Urbanisation in Greenland – how do we handle it?

The population is on the move: from village to town, and from small towns to larger towns. As the only city in Greenland, Nuuk is growing, and there has been net emigration from Greenland now for a number of consecutive years. The debate about urbanisation often centres on the ‘closure of villages’, and the fact that Nuuk is growing at the expense of the villages and smaller towns.

• What is causing this urbanisation, and are the driving forces in Greenland different from other places in the world where migration also occurs ‘from country to city’? • Can or should politicians stop urbanisation? • What should the municipalities do when their population diminishes? • What should be done in those places where the population is rising? • How will new business development and higher levels of education affect the settlement pattern? • Do increased inter-municipality transfers and/or the relocation of workplaces represent a possible solution?

Speakers:

Anna Karlsdóttir PhD, Senior Research Fellow, Nordregio, Stockholm; Sermersooq Municipality: The Capital Strategy – a response to the migration to Nuuk. Klaus Georg Hansen, Project Manager, Department of Finance, Federica Scarpa, Communications Manager, MS Social Anthropology, MA Polar Law, Tina Kûitse, student, University of Greenland

Moderator:

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Workshop 3: Is Greenland ready for capital – is capital is ready for Greenland?

In the coming years, Greenland must attract significant amounts of capital and venturesome investors. It is a question both of financing new infrastructure and of investing in the utilisation of mineral resources, tourism, development of fishing, etc.

• How do the various types of investors view Greenland – or how do we think they view Greenland? Is Greenland competitive by comparison with other countries and projects in the struggle to attract the favour of investors and the financial world? • What can Greenland specifically do to appear an attractive place in which to invest? What is Greenland doing right and wrong today? • There has been much talk about public-private partnerships (PPP) as a new model for financing public infrastructure, housing, etc. What are the pros and cons of PPPs?

Speakers:

Christian Jervelund, Partner, Copenhagen Economics, Managing Director Karsten Høy, Greenland Holding, Angelina Mehta, Sentient Group, Aaja Chemitz Larsen, Member of Parliament (IA)

Moderator: Christian Jervelund

Wednesday 10 May – 13:15-14:45

Workshop 1: Construction planning in Greenland. Recommendations and implementation of the construction conference

At the conference, ‘The Road to Good Construction’, 23-24 September 2014, the participants presented the following recommendations to the government of Greenland on how to achieve better planning and implementation of construction projects:

Process:

• Draw up sector plans, and introduce a phased grant allocation process in the annual state budget. • The planning process must be adapted to the size and complexity of the project - “The 6 Phases” (see FFL 2017). • Quality control should be introduced into the projects – possibly using an external party – and a fixed evaluation element in the projects (process and content). • Involve users right from the start of the planning process.

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Organisation:

• Establish a national co-ordination forum. • Management should be done with reference to a political steering committee, serviced by an administrative working group. • Establish a stakeholder forum for permanent ongoing dialogue (client, consultant, contractor, users). • There is a need for common, co-ordinated educational activity (leadership/control) - goal: better construction.

Common:

• Establish a network for professional experience exchange (building materials, processes and methods) (experimental construction)

The documents from the conference are available here: http://www.byginfo.gl/da- dk/publikationer/bakonf2014da.aspx

• It has now been two and a half years since the conference. How far has the government progressed in realising the concrete recommendations of the conference? • What is missing – and why: sector plans, political strategies (housing, etc.), political-administrative impact, capacity/competence, communication, coordination, etc.?

Speakers:

Carsten Dahl, Managing Director, Siemens Greenland, Deloitte, Dept. of Housing and Infrastructure (tbc), Henrik Rafn, Managing Director INI A/S

Moderator: Henrik Rafn

Workshop 2: Primary schools, teacher training and vocational training – a national plan of action

The government’s ‘Durability and Growth Plan’ aims at ensuring that 70% of a year group who complete primary school in 2015 will have a vocational qualification before reaching the age of 35.

"In 2015, about 70% of primary school pupils graduated with grades that are insufficient to allow them to apply for upper secondary and vocational education.” (Primary School By Detour, 2016).

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“Among the 25 to 34-year-olds, half had only received primary education in 2001 ... This is also the situation in 2014, although there has been a modest increase among those born in Greenland.” (Report of the Economic Council of Greenland, 2016)

“Among the pupils graduating from primary school in 2015, only 208 passed all subjects (“Primary School By Detour”). The other pupils failed at least one subject, or had subjects in which they were not examined. Graduating pupils who do not pass all of the final examinations in primary school may be admitted to upper secondary and vocational education by means of an exemption, or by passing an entrance examination. Nonetheless, primary school grades must be considered a major reason why only around 14% of primary school graduates begin secondary or vocational education in the same year they complete primary school.” (Report of the Economic Council of Greenland, 2016)

The Danish Evaluation Institute (EVA) has stated on teacher training (2016): “The evaluation shows that current teacher training is facing a number of serious challenges with regard to quality, and does not satisfactorily meet the need for qualified teachers in primary school.”

The issues have been well known for some years, but what can and should be done to get more children securely through primary school and onwards through a qualifying educational programme?

• If a concrete action plan were to be proposed to the government for solving the problems in primary school, what should it contain?

Speakers:

Palle Lennert, Training Consultant, Nuigi, Helene Berthelsen, Director, Dept. of Social and Educational Administration, Sermersooq Municipality , Mikael Enggaard, Rector, GUX Nuuk, Lotte Frank Kirkegaard, Head of Secretariat, CSR Greenland

Moderator: Michael Binzer, Consultant, Visiobox

Workshop 3: The mining industry’s encounter with Greenland. What can be improved?

Mining activities in Greenland involve a number of stakeholders with whom the mining industry must interact. These include, in particular, the authorities who administer the mining legislation, tax rules and environmental control, etc., and the local population who participate in the activities as employees or local suppliers. Stable and transparent framework conditions and the harmonisation of expectations among all stakeholders are crucial to the success of the encounter. It is the common task of all stakeholders to ensure

13 that the encounter is a positive one with mutual respect, and with open and ongoing communication.

The Arctic Cluster of Raw Materials’ Greenland Benchmarking Report 2016 http://acrm.dk/?knowledge-center=greenland-benchmarking-report shows that Greenland is performing well on some points and less well on others, while recently at the PDAC conference in Toronto, the Fraser Institute pointed to some factors that make the mining industry reluctant to invest in Greenland, on the basis of the Institute’s Annual Survey of Mining Companies 2016 https://www.fraserinstitute.org/studies/annual-survey-of-mining- companies-2016.

This gives occasion to address the following topics:

• What is the general attitude of the population and politicians towards mining in Greenland? Does the industry have a “social licence to operate”? • A number of initiatives have been taken to modernise various areas of Greenlandic legislation, in order to promote business development in Greenland. How can greater transparency be achieved in the mining area? Are there initiatives on the way that can secure more transparent framework conditions? • Lack of knowledge among foreign actors concerning how the rules work in the tax area can be the source of challenges and misunderstandings. How can this be improved? • It is both a requirement and a success factor that local people and local suppliers are involved. How is the ‘supply and demand’ situation experienced? • The mining industry itself has a major task to provide stakeholders with an understanding of the industry, and to contribute to the transparency of the projects and thereby help to harmonise expectations. How can communications be improved?

Speakers:

Kuupik Kleist, Consultant, Jørgen Hammeken-Holm, Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Mineral Resources, Claus Bech, Partner, Deloitte, Martin Sandy Shalmi, Board Chairman, Xploration Services Greenland A/S, Finn Mortensen, CEO, Greenland Ruby A/S and Peter Schriver, Partner, Nuna Law

Moderator: Peter Schriver

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Workshop 4: A business policy strategy. Recommendations from Future Greenland 2017

Speakers:

The VL Group with Henrik Estrup, Managing Director, Arssannerit A/S, Industrial Policy Recommendations, Christian Vintergaard PhD, Managing Director, Entrepreneurship Foundation, Ministry for Industry, Agriculture and the Labour Market (tbc)

Moderator: Henrik Estrup

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