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A Comparative Analysis of Reference Management in the Digital Era 197

Chapter 23 A Comparative Analysis of Reference Management Software in the Digital Era S.S. Rawat K. and N. Kandpal National Library of Veterinary Sciences, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar – 243 122, U.P. E-mail: [email protected]

INTRODUCTION are an important component of any research activity (i.e. any research paper or thesis). It plays a major role and contributes to the quality of literature acceptance by researchers. Sometimes, common mistakes are occurring during the bibliographic composition such as references not in prescribed format or incomplete and outdated references. Such type of common errors can be avoided by using reference management software/tools. Students or researchers use citations in their research article or thesis /bibliography as the same are mandatory. The silly type of errors can be completely avoided by using reference/bibliography management tools.2 Utility of this citation implementation is well established among researchers and students. The bare-bones cosecant of any summons administration software is to store, systematize, initialize appeal within the manuscript. By using of this software researchers can willingly trace of ponder and ease to alter for expert written document they engrave. There are several software parcel which are valid for composing citations similar to , Endnote and Ref Works. But, these are owned versions and expensive for researchers scholars, scientists, etc. Especially expert work always esteem as most viable. Reference management software, citation management software, company reference software or personal bibliographic management software is software for scholars and authors to use for recording and utilizing bibliographic citations (references) as well as managing project references 198 NCALUC-2019 on Role of Agricultural Libraries in the Networked Digital Environment either as a company or an individual. Once a citation has been recorded, it can be used time and again in generating bibliographies, such as lists of references in scholarly books, articles and essays. Reference management software has been driven by the rapid expansion of scientific literature. References and bibliography lists are available in articles, theses, books, etc. All the related information regarding any article or other publication as – author name(s), titles of articles, books and journals name, date of publication, volume and issue numbers of articles and page numbers for identification and tracking of publications. Citations are various styles of citation formats such as American Chemical Society (ACS) style, Modern Language Association (MLA) style, American Psychological Association (APA) style, Chicago Manual of Style (CMS), etc. It is essential for research, education, social activities and publications to present the knowledge. It is a violation (person’s ownership/stealing idea of others) of copyright act, if failing the citation. The important of citations in any manuscript is as follows- P To acknowledge other work and give proper credit to the work of others as well as to avoid the risk of plagiarism. P To enable readers to track the used sources to avoid the overlapping research.

Objectives P Discuss about various citation management software and features. P To explain about various citation management software for reference management and its application for publication of research. P To motivate research scholars and create their own databases to disseminate information.

What is Citation Management Software? According to Online Dictionary Library and Information Science (2017), a reference management software is “ designed to enable researchers to collect bibliographic references quickly and easily, cite them properly, organize them effectively, and share them with others”. Another definition has given by Telstar’s Dictionary (2017), a reference management software “enables an author to build a library of references by entering the details of each reference in a structured format. They usually support mechanisms for organizing sets of references by tagging or use of ‘folders’, and will generate references, citations or bibliographies in a range of referencing styles”. Why Citation Management Software? Citation management software is very useful for researches and others like as authors, scientists and librarian etc., for handling reference and utilizing bibliographic citations data collection. Reference data can be collected/handled manually but software provides greater flexibility and efficiency manage. The need of the Citation Management Software is highly essential because of the following important reasons: P Citations, references, bibliographies are fundamental and given the proper directions to the new good research. A Comparative Analysis of Reference Management Software in the Digital Era 199

P They serve as new directions for foundation research and Effective managing of references is very important. P Collecting, organizing, using references is one of the tiresome job and time consuming process. P It is most complicated aspect of being a researcher and handling is a tedious work.

Features Main Key features of citation management software (CMS) are given as under: P The software is user friendly and it is easy to plug in with MS-Word. P Open Source Software (OSS) are also available in the market. Researchers are use free OSS and manage their citation data by the same. P It works online and offline mode and no need of extra supporting software for the same. P Data manage by software is faster than the manual collecting and writing reference. P Managing data from software is error free and easy to handling like as import and export bibliographic record in different file format. P Easy to save and organize, share your bibliographical information to others. And Importing/ exporting of citations from databases and websites. P Easy gather from PDF, websites and other documents and offer data storage options. P Standard formats like RIS and BibTex to apply in research. P Organization of citations within the RM database and adding notes and annotations to citations. P Searching and sorting within the database for different parameter.

Common Citations Management Tools (Software) The common citation or reference software are discussed as under. It also provides details of various common feature of the software, supported OS and other properties of the software. The Mendeley was developed by three German PhD students in London in the end of year 2007 and after this software of mendely was in the name of Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleyev who developed the periodic table of elements and Gregor Mende who is known as father of modern genetics” (Mendeley, 2010). It has special provision of additional space on purchase separately for the institutional version of the software. Mendeley announce in the year of 2013, that the software also installed in iPhone and iPad. Mendeley is a tool who help us to manage citations and using a desktop client version or through version for network environment. Mendeley incorporates plug-in for Word or OpenOffice, so you can create citations/bibliographies as you write a research articles.It is easy to use and also freely available 2GB storage for the desktop version. It is taken over by Elsevier recently and It established in 2008. It is available as a free software with an option 200 NCALUC-2019 on Role of Agricultural Libraries in the Networked Digital Environment to upgrade at cost. It offers both desktop and web version compatible across platforms and having copy and paste option. It is most basic level of a reference manager. It is designed to store, manage, and cite bibliographic references, such as books and articles. Zotero is one of the powerful tools for collecting and organizing research information and sources. The name Zotero originates from the Albanian language “to master or acquire” (Dingemanse, 2008). It is developed by a group of Librarians and free open source software but it is charging for data storage only. It is freely available standalone and plug-in with , Safari and Chrome browsers. ENDNOTE EndNote is developed by Thomson Routers in 1988 and presently takes care by Clarivate Analytics. It is a commercial reference management software package, used to manage bibliographies and references when writing essays and articles. Most bibliographic databases allow users to export references to their EndNote libraries. EndNote can automatically format the citation into any of over approximate 2,000 different styles of references used by users like as Anthropos, APA and MLA. The Windows base system, EndNote creates a file with an *.enl extension, along with a *.data folder containing various MySQL files with *.myi and *.myd extensions. EndNote can export citation libraries as HTML, plain text, , or XML. From version X.7.2, one library can be shared with up to 14 other EndNote users. The Endnote X8.2 version runs on windows 10 . RefWorks The RefWorks is one of the popular citation or bibliography management software. It is a web based software introduced in 2001 by ProQuest. The software allows user to import, store, organize and manage bibliographic information. It is frequently use for text citations and bibliography. The RefWork software available in both web based version and desktop and Works on all major platforms. BibBase It is a free web-service for creating and maintaining publication pages. BibBase takes its input from a BibTex file or from DBLP, Zotero, BibSonomy, or Mendeley. It produces both HTML renderings, which can be embedded into an existing web page, as well as RSS feeds that allows others to subscribe to updates about new publications from the user. BibDesk The BibDesk reference management software is an open-source software package for macOS, used to manage bibliographies and references when writing essays and articles. It can also be used to organize and maintain a library of documents in PDF format and other formats. First launched publicly in 2002, BibDesk is under continuing development by various contributors via Source Forge. KBibTeX It is reference management software primarily for BibTeX which is typically used in conjunction with TeX/LaTeX. Beyond normal editing capabilities, KBibTeX offers features such as searching and importing new references from or BibSonomy. A Comparative Analysis of Reference Management Software in the Digital Era 201 and Web components, Account required, Desktop components, Web and macOS, , Windows, iPhone and iPad, Android Intranet version with connectors connectors with version and Chrome Firefox, for access Web-based Safari. also library reference to available. basic (formerly, EndNote EndNote (formerly, basic Web) is free of charge KDE Software Compilation XML/SGML bibliographies intended for publication publication for intended pages Cocoa-based; repository; integration with accessed, Word and exist) clients (OS API ies Notes License No Proprietary Desktop; Tablet; Web; Web; Tablet; Desktop; Proprietary No No Proprietary The web version EndNote version web The Proprietary No Proprietary No oPoreaywbbsd browser- web-based, Proprietary No Yes AGPL Multi-platform desktop desktop Multi-platform AGPL Yes e N P BibTeX front-end, using the GNU GPL Yes Yes GNU GPL network-transparent; network-transparent; GNU GPL Yes e N P BibTeX front-end GNU GPL Yes e S eX front-end + d n e - t n o r f X Te b i B BSD Yes Free Soft- ware [1] Cost Free No Proprietary Centrally hosted website, website, hosted Centrally Proprietary No Free (USD) versions available storage free Free/Online Institutional subscription and Premium storage space up to 300 MB/ space available 2 GB/Additional storage free up to Additional storage Table 1 [10] .9Free/Online 1.19 Latest Stable Version 060 7 Free, v79 2016-09 Release Date Latest Stable 0661/095.0.67 6/14/2019 2006 0121 3 2018 2001 981921 9US$299.95 X9 1/9/2018 1988 0521-7v3 2013-07 2005 Public Release 050 /121 .. Free 0.8.1 6/21/2018 2005-08 020 //09171Free 1.7.1 6/3/2019 2002-04 /520 1520 .. Free 0.9.9 11/5/2007 4/25/2001 /520 /721 .. Free 1.2.2 2/27/2014 3/15/2008 Fritz History and New Analytics ProQuest Center for developers developers developers developers Rosenzweig Media at GMU otaeDvlprFirst Developer Software iq iq 2010-04 Qiqqa 6 RefDB 7 edlyEsve 080 2018 KBibTeX 2008-08 KBibTeX Elsevier 4 Mendeley 5 eeecrReferencer 8 eWrsEx Libris/ RefWorks 9 iDs BibDesk BibDesk Clarivate 2 EndNote 3 iBs Christian BibBase 1 0Ztr Roy Zotero 10 Sl. No. 202 NCALUC-2019 on Role of Agricultural Libraries in the Networked Digital Environment

Qiqqa Qiqqa software is contains everything you need for the five stages of commercial, academic or research work. Most projects require collecting and reading a large number of . They can quickly become difficult to work with. Qiqqa uses advanced features to keep them under control. RefDB It is a client/server tool for markup languages like SGML, XML, and LaTeX. It is suitable for standalone use for the purpose of self-archiving. The data storage is managed by an application server accessed through command-line clients with a query language, a PHP-based web interface. Referencer Referencer is a GNOME application to organize documents or references, and ultimately generate a BibTeX bibliography file. It is designed with the scientist/researcher in mind, although Referencer can deal with any kind of document that BibTeX can. Capabilities of Referencer is the automatic acquisition of bibliographic information (metadata) for some kinds of documents. Citation Management Tools Table 1 shown about the Some common reference management software basic details like as name of software, developer of the reference management software, latest release version and year and open source software or not and others important points. Table 2 shown that which plate form is the reference management software is working there are 9 types of OS and supported the software Table 2

Sl. Software Windows MacOS Linux Chrome BSD Unix iOS App Android Windows No. OS App App 1 BibBase N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A ? ?? 2 BibDesk No Yes No ? No No Third- ?? party - PocketBib 3 EndNote Yes Yes No No No No Yes No No 4 Mendeley Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes Yes No 5 Qiqqa Yes No No ? No No No Yes No 6 RefDB Yes Yes Yes ? Yes Yes No No No 7 Referencer No No Yes ? No No ? ?? 8 RefWorks Yes Yes No Yes Yes ? No - but is ? No responsive 9 Zotero Yes Yes Yes ? Yes Yes third party third No party - Aziz, Lite A Comparative Analysis of Reference Management Software in the Digital Era 203

Table 3 shown that various reference styles have been supported by the software. Table 3

Sl. Software APA Chicago/ Harvard MLA Other Extension method No. Turabian 1 BibBase Yes No No No none none 2 BibDesk Yes yes No No various BibDesk export templates 3 EndNote Yes Yes Yes Yes 6926 styles EndNote format (through GUI) 4 Mendeley Yes Yes Yes Yes 9397 styles CSL 5 Qiqqa Yes Yes Yes Yes 9397 styles BibTeX and CSL 6 RefDB Yes Yes Yes Yes 21 biomedical XML (citestylex.dtd), and law interactive script journals 7 Referencer ? ? ?? ?? 8 RefWorks Yes Yes Yes Yes 4256, plus CSL RefWorks format styles (through GUI); CSL 9 Zotero Yes Yes Yes Yes 9397 styles CSL

Table 4 shown various formats are supported by the software given. Table 4

Sl. Software HTML LaTeX RTF Plain text RSS Other No. 1 BibBase Yes No No No Yes No 2 BibDesk Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Atom, DOC, PDF, XML, 3 EndNote Yes No Yes Yes No clipboard, XML 4 KBibTeX Yes No Yes No No PDF, PS 5 Mendeley Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes clipboard, embeddable HTML widget, RSS 6 RefDB Yes ? Yes Yes No DocBook, TEI 7 Referencer ? ?? ?? 8 RefWorks Yes No Yes Yes No DOC, ODT 9 Zotero Yes Possible Yes Possible Yes clipboard via plugin via plugins

Table 5 shown supports for automatic embedding and (re)formatting of references in word processing programs. This table lists this type of support like as , Pages, Apache Open Office/Libre Office Writer and most common format shown in this table. Other programs are able to scan RTF or other textual formats for inserted placeholders which are subsequently formatted. 204 NCALUC-2019 on Role of Agricultural Libraries in the Networked Digital Environment

Table 5

Sl. Software Word for Word for Pages Apache /LyX Google RTF Other No. Windows Mac Open Docs Office/ Libre Office 1 BibBase No No No No No No No none 2 BibDesk No No No No Yes ??? 3 EndNote Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes No 4 KBibTeX No ? ? No Yes No ? none 5 Mendeley Yes Partial No Yes No No ? Neo Office 6 Qiqqa Yes ? ? No Yes No No none 7 RefDB No ? ? No No No No none 8 Referencer ? ? ??? ??? 9 RefWorks Yes Yes No No No Yes Yes none 10 Zotero Yes Yes No Yes (with Yes Yes Neo LyZ) Office

CONCLUSION The reference Management Software is one of the most essential tools for writing of research manuscript specialy for scientific writings. In low budget and shrivel funding to the libraries, library professionals always look for the creative ways to provide information services to their users. All the software have independent features and functions which is non-overlapping and hence can be used more than one simultaneously. All the above software is very popular among the different users group since last few years. The reference management software is updating their features on regular interval based on the user’s requirement. Mostly software are open source. By using this facility the users can simply insert in their personal library at the time of article composition. Although different software has their own limitations, ultimately it is free and it has all the features to be a good citation management tool. Researchers are free to choose their own software based on their requirement and computer specification. All have capability with cross platform and some software compatibility with Linux and some Windows operating system based some are both versions are also available. Reference management software is going to be an integral part of the researcher day by day due to the characteristics and features. It is also high time for the institutions to promote the reference management software and incorporate into the system. REFERENCES Basak, S.K.(2014). Reference Management Software: Comparative Analysis of RefWorks and Zotero, 8(11); 1972-1975. Courraud, Julie (2014). Zotero: A free and Open-source reference manager. Medical Writing 23(1): 46-48. A Comparative Analysis of Reference Management Software in the Digital Era 205

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