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Evolution of a Metropolitan Skyline Oral History Transcript

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Evolution of a Metropolitan Skyline Oral History Transcript . [wmm//j, ^vmmm?^. ;0F ^4.0F-rA!IFnp^ ^.OFCAII ^ # ^ 5 O li. ^ 1]0NVS01^ ^Aa^AINll J <rii]osvsoi^ mis's- <\U rvIIVTDr;.- in<: rum rr ,r -.inii'.TiVr .\iri".i'.'rDr; LIBRARYQ^ ,^tllBRARY<9/ '4 ^WSANC ^ 1 ir ^ ; -n l_- 2 V <-n vy S' "^/iajAiNi ' ^ ^ u r r : 1 r n r f ..in'; -.•jr FCAIIFOR^ ^.OFCAIIFO/?^ W^EUNIVERS//,'^ # >- 1 rxf g I ^ ^ •-.V wvaaii-# >&Aavaaniw- -^//i,., .W^^' ,^^W[UNIVER% ,v ii HONVSOl^ %a3AINn]WV' EUNIVERS//i. ^lOSANCElfj-^ o I 0[ y? .r iTnr' 1 nv , «vir rvM\'tDr, •IIBRARYO/ ^,^M11BRARY(9/ :>\^11BRARYQa 1 ir ^ -J IJ J.ll JIJ I juj. \(Ni ,tir tu n rrryr ir II. in 'rnr.. fCAllFOS'^ ^OFCAtlFOP^ '>i> AavaaiM^'^ >&Aavaaii# ';'n;Miiii jiv IUNIVER5-/4 ^VlOSAIfCElfj-^ o J. o «c %a3AiNn]W^^ lElNIVERS/^ ^lOSANCElfj-;>, >;;OFCAIIFO% .^^' 4v ^ 4? i O-n fWDNVSOl^ %83AIN(l-3t\V' LllBRARYO(^ ^UlBRARYQ/r^ ^los-- :7» ip -^ = c> 1 Evolution of a Metropolitan Skyline A.C. Martin Interviewed by Marlene L. Laskey Completed under the auspices of the Oral History Program University of California Los Angeles Copyright '^ 1985 The Regents of the University of California This manuscript is hereby made available for research purposes only. All literary rights in the manuscript, including the right to publication, are reserved to the University Library of the University of California, Los Angeles. No part of the manuscript may be quoted for publication without the written permission of the University Librarian of the University of California, Los Angeles. Partial funding for this interview was provided by Atlantic Richfield Company, Security Pacific National Bank, Mitsui Fudosan (USA), Incorporated, Southern California Gas Company, and May Company. — — CONTENTS Introduction ix Interview History xv TAPE NUMBER: I, Side One (December 8, 1980) 1 Martin's ancestry on his mother's side--The Borchard family ranch in Ventura County--His parents' marr iage--His mother's brothers and sister--His parents' first meeting. TAPE NUMBER: I, Side Two (December 17, 1980) 17 Martin's uncle, Father Joseph Martin, arrives in Los Angeles from Illinois — The beaux arts style of architecture —The introduction of steel and reinforced concrete into building construction--The use of concrete in the buildings of Martin's father, Albert C. Martin, Sr.--His father's parents and siblings--His father's architectural achievements — Los Angeles in the early 1900s--Martin ' s own brothers and sisters. TAPE NUMBER: II, Side One (December 17, 1980) ..... .36 A large and convivial f amily--Modern concepts of cultivation in Oxnard Martin's father has problems with epilepsy and drinking--Ef f ect on the family. TAPE NUMBER: III, Side One (January 7, 1981) ...... 43 Albert Martin, Sr., purchases a ranch in Riverside — Albert Martin, Jr., and Ed Martin develop the ranch into a citrus orchard--Plans to develop the ranch into a series of small ranchos — Problems with Sunkist Growers, Inc. Building the water company— Problems involved in developing residential tracts--Energy conservation and ecological concerns--History of the Riverside area--Furnace Creek Inn in Death Valley. IV . — TAPE NUMBER: III, Side Two (February 4, 19B1) 62 Albert C. Martin, Sr., builds Los Angeles City Hall--St. Vincent's Church--An organic philosophy of design in the works of Albert Martin, Sr. — The Albert C. Martin firm in 1920 The Desmond's Bui lding--The problem of giving credit to individual architects in a large firm. TAPE NUMBER: IV, Side One (February 4, 1981) 82 Albert Martin, Sr., and the May Company--The Martin family's difficulties during the Depression--The children's educat ion--Inf luence of Albert Martin, Sr., on his son's decision to become an architect--Martin ' s jobs on construction sites as a youth. [Second Part] (March 3, 1981) ... 88 Martin enters USC--Learns the new concepts of the Bauhaus school of architecture — Impact of the Depression and World War II on Los Angeles and on the architectural prof ession--Dif f icult times for A. C. Martin and Associates--The firm gets back on its feet during the war years-- Martin remembers his father as a man of honesty and integr ity--E . L. Cord's exploitation of construction workers during the Depression. TAPE NUMBER: IV, Side Two (March 3, 1981) 102 The effect of the 1933 Long Beach earthquake on architecture--Older architectural concern with detailing of buildings vs. newer concerns for environment and planning--Architectural developments in this century and prospects for the f uture--Var ious buildings designed by A. C. Martin and Associates--The Department of Water and Power Bui lding--Mart in ' s trip to Europe and subsequent marriage to Dorothy Dolde [Second Part] (March 18, 1981) . .112 A. C. Martin and Associates' employment of engineers--Mart in ' s admiration of Frank Lloyd Wright and Willem Dudok--Pref erence for an architecture which is richer than Rauhaus — The classic design of the Second Church of Christ Scient ist--The May Company Wilshire building. V — — — TAPE NUMBER: V, Side One (March 18, 1981) 122 %he award-winning parking structure designed for the May Company Wilshire store Martin and his brother John Edward become partners with their f ather--Shopping centers designed by A. C. Martin and Associates--Reasons for the development of the suburban shopping center-- Superiority of the closed mall over the open mall--Building of the two-level Eastland ^ Shopping Center--Mart in ' s decision to focus on' commercial architecture rather than residences- A love for sailing. \iJ TAPE NUMBER: V, Side Two (April 8, 1981) 140 iThe decision to have Los Angeles Civic Center fun in an east-west direct ion--The influence of this decision on the expansion of Los Angeles A. C. Martin and Associates' innovations with computer analysis of earthquake movements-- Decision to make the ARCO building into two towers--Oecision to put the ARCO Towers' plaza at the Flower Street level rather than Figueroa Street--Future plans for downtown Los Angeles. TAPE NUMBER: VI, Side One (April 22, 1981) 159 Th'e controversy over preservation of the old Los Angeles Central Library building Martin's plans for the library building and alteration of the surrounding area to create a large open space--The North Civic Center plan--Ideas on what could be done to improve the transpor- tation systems of Los Angeles. TAPE NUMBER: VI, Side Two (May 5, 1981) 181 The El Pueblo area--AGvantages of Martin's plan for preserving the Los Angeles Central Library building--Further solutions to transportation problems in Los Angeles--Costs of public transportation systems should be shared by the entire city--The private sector's role in urban development--Trend in the downtown area toward a more human-scaled environment. VI . s TAPE NUMBER: VII, Side One (May 5, 1981) 203 Optimization of space in buildings--Energy- saving measures--Trend toward lightweight metallic walls in bui lding--Importance of open space in the urban landscape--The fragility of the life-sustaining atmosphere of planet Earth-- New technological developments in space. [Second Part] (May 27, 1981) . 213 Martin's position as chairman of the Los Angeles Bicentennial Commi ttee--The composition of the commi ttee--Financing Bicentennial act ivit ies TAPE NUMBER: VII, Side Two (May 27, 1981) . .223 Bicentennial publicity in Los Angeles--Archives recording Bicentennial events--Fundrais ing for the Bicentennial--Bicentennial publicat ions-- The Bicentennial history committee and the "Spectrum" exhibi€r--Problems of government bureaucracy and the necessity for the private sector to provide initiative and leadership-- Martin and his brother Ed's involvement in community affairs and city planning. TAPE NUMBER: VIII, Side One (June 2, 1981) ...... 246 Thirty thousand trees planted in downtown Los Angeles under the sponsorship of Los Angeles Beaut if ul--Martin ' s scheduled reception of the Spirit of Los Angeles Award — The development of large open spaces in the Los Angeles landscape-- The problem of clients altering a building so that it no longer expresses the architect's intent ions--Mart in ' s plan for St. Basil's Church marred by two large statues--Martin ' involvement with the .\merican Institute of Architects (AIA) and the California Council of Architects--Architects in Los Angeles in the city's early days--The transition from beaux arts to modern architecture--The influence of Frank Lloyd Wright on Martin--Martin ' s role in A. C. Martin and Associates--The role of the director of design in the f irm--Inf luence of Frank Lloyd Wright, Samuel Marx, and Noel Flint on Martin. VI 1 — TAPE NTUMBER: VIII, .Side Two (June 2, 1981) 268 Past trends in architecture toward eclectic borrowing from various styles--The present trend toward humanism in architecture--Meed for architects to understand the nature of mater ials--Importance of organic structure in creating a unified building--Herbert BaYer--The Double Ascension fountain in the ARCO Plaza-- Alexander Calder's sculpture The Four Arches in A. C. Martin and Associates' Security Pacific Bank Building [Second Part] (June 9, 1981) . 279 The process of obtaining commissions--The Wells Fargo Building--Working with contractors-- Collaborating with other architectural and engineering firms. -.-- TAPE NUMBER: IX, Side One (June 9, 1981) ....... .290 Successful collaborations--The architect/client relat ionship--A,. C. Martin and Associates' New York, Texas, and Orange County offices ^David and Christopher Martin join the partnership-- Reaction of the firm's staf f--Responsibi lit ies of the individual members of the partnership and the changes that will follow Martin's retirement--The firm's financial situation and the risks involved in practicing architecture-- A. C. Martin and Associates the oldest firm in Los Angeles--The future development of Los Angeles — The increasing integration of ethnic groups in Los Angeles--Changes in Los Angeles over the years--The use of open space in California architecture--The need to renovate Wilshire Boulevard.
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