New York at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis 1904 by Delancey M. Ellis</H1>
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New York at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis 1904 by DeLancey M. Ellis New York at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition, St. Louis 1904 by DeLancey M. Ellis Produced by Michael Oltz and PG Distributed Proofreaders NEW YORK AT THE LOUISIANA PURCHASE EXPOSITION ST. LOUIS, 1904 REPORT OF THE NEW YORK STATE COMMISSION PREPARED AND COMPILED BY DELANCEY M. ELLIS page 1 / 559 1907 [ILLUSTRATION] REPORT ALBANY, N.Y., _March_ 25, 1907 Hon. CHARLES E. HUGHES, _Governor_: DEAR SIR.--We beg to submit herewith, in accordance with the provisions of the statute, the final report of the Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commission of the State of New York. Very respectfully EDWARD H. HARRIMAN LOUIS STERN EDWARD LYMAN BILL WILLIAM BERRI FREDERICK R. GREEN LEWIS NIXON page 2 / 559 JOHN C. WOODBURY FRANK S. McGRAW JOHN K. STEWART JAMES H. CALLANAN JOHN YOUNG MRS. NORMAN E. MACK CHARLES A. BALL _Secretary and Chief Executive Officer_ [Transcriber's note: Certain cross-references originally appearing as "See page N" have been changed to refer to chapter and section instead.] TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1. Introduction and historical sketch 2. Louisiana Purchase Exposition Commission, State of New York 3. New York State Building page 3 / 559 4. Functions held in the New York State Building 5. Dedication Day 6. New York State Week 7. Brooklyn Day 8. Thanksgiving Day 9. Educational exhibit and schedule of awards 10. Fine arts exhibit and schedule of awards 11. Agriculture and live stock exhibit and schedule of awards 12. Horticulture exhibit and schedule of awards 13. Forest, fish and game exhibit and schedule of awards 14. Mines and metallurgy exhibit and schedule of awards page 4 / 559 15. Social economy exhibit and schedule of awards 16. Financial statement Table of Full Page Illustrations [this table did not appear in the original book] Frontispiece: HONORABLE BENJAMIN B. ODELL, JR. GOVERNOR 1901-1904 Page 8 FESTIVAL HALL AND GRAND BASIN 15 EDWARD H. HARRIMAN, PRESIDENT, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSION 25 WILLIAM BERRI, VICE PRESIDENT, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSION 35 EDWARD LYMAN BILL, TREASURER, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSION 45* LOUIS STERN, CHAIRMAN EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSION 50 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT BUILDING 59 NEW YORK STATE BUILDING 71* JOHN K. STEWART, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSIONER 80 NEW YORK STATE BUILDING, MAIN ENTRANCE 87* JAMES H. CALLANAN, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSIONER 95 NEW YORK STATE BUILDING, ASSEMBLY HALL 104 APOTHESIS OF ST. LOUIS (NIEHAUS) 109* LEWIS NIXON, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSIONER page 5 / 559 112 GERMAN PAVILION 121 NEW YORK STATE BUILDING, ENTRANCE HALL (See section "THE ARCHITECTURE" in chapter III) 126 EAST PAVILION AND CASCADE 133* JOHN C. WOODBURY, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSIONER 145* FREDERICK R. GREEN, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSIONER 155* FRANK S. McGRAW, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSIONER 162 PALACE OF LIBERAL ARTS 171* JOHN YOUNG, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSIONER 181 MRS. NORMAN E. MACK, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSIONER 190 STATUE OF JOSEPH HENRY, ELECTRICIAN (FLANAGAN) 195 CHARLES A. BALL, SECRETARY AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER, NEW YORK STATE COMMISSION 200 PALACE OF EDUCATION, WEST ENTRANCE 207 EDUCATIONAL EXHIBIT 215 EDUCATIONAL EXHIBIT, COMMON SCHOOL STATISTICS 227 EDUCATIONAL EXHIBIT, FOURTH GRADE ALCOVE 239 EDUCATIONAL EXHIBIT, TRADE SCHOOLS, SPECIAL SCHOOLS, BUSINESS EDUCATION ALCOVE 250 "SHOOTING UP THE TOWN" (REMINGTON) 257 FESTIVAL HALL AND CASCADE GARDENS 267 DE LANCEY M. ELLIS, Director of Education and Social Economy CHARLES H. VICK, Superintendent of Horticulture CLARENCE LUCE, Architect J. H. DURKEE, Superintendent of Agriculture and Live Stock HARRY W. WATROUS, Chairman Committee on Art 277 GRAND BASIN AND PALACE OF ELECTRICITY 284 FLORAL CLOCK AND AGRICULTURAL BUILDING page 6 / 559 287 AGRICULTURE EXHIBIT, DISPLAY OF VEGETABLES 301 AGRICULTURE EXHIBIT, DISPLAY OF SEEDS 313 AGRICULTURE EXHIBIT 325 NEW YORK CITY BUILDING (See chapter VI) 337 EDUCATIONAL EXHIBIT, FROM ENTRANCE (See section "THE INSTALLATION" in chapter IX) 349 LOUISIANA PURCHASE MONUMENT, PLAZA ST. LOUIS, AND VARIED INDUSTRIES BUILDING 360 GRAND BASIN, BOAT LANDING 365 HORTICULTURE EXHIBIT 373 HORTICULTURE EXHIBIT, DISPLAY OF GRAPES 385 HORTICULTURE EXHIBIT 397 EXHIBIT OF STATE INSTITUTIONS FOR JUVENILE DELINQUENTS (see section "STATE BOARD OF CHARITIES" in chapter XV) 409 EXHIBIT OF BERTILLON AND FINGER PRINT SYSTEMS OF IDENTIFICATION (see section "STATE DEPARTMENT OF PRISONS" in chapter XV) 421 MINES AND METALLURGY EXHIBIT, SLATE MANTEL (see section "SLATE" in chapter XIV) 427 FOREST, FISH AND GAME EXHIBIT, CAMP ADIRONDACK 436 APPROACH TO WEST PAVILION 445 FOREST, FISH AND GAME EXHIBIT, NATIVE BIRDS 457 FOREST, FISH AND GAME EXHIBIT, CAMP ADIRONDACK, INTERIOR (see section "ATTRACTIVE FEATURES" in chapter XIII) 470 PHYSICAL LIBERTY (MCNEIL) 477 MAGNETIC SEPARATOR WORKING ON NEW YORK ORES 487 MINES AND METALLURGY EXHIBIT 495 MINES AND METALLURGY, LIBERAL ARTS, AND LAGOON 500 MACHINERY BUILDING AND LAGOON page 7 / 559 507 ANCIENT AND MODERN METHODS OF CARING FOR THE INSANE 515 EXHIBIT OF STATE DEPARTMENT OF PRISONS (see section "STATE DEPARTMENT OF PRISONS" in chapter XV) 523 EXHIBIT OF STATE BOARD OF CHARITIES, CARE OF DESTITUTE ADULTS (see section "STATE BOARD OF CHARITIES" in chapter XV) 528 ON THE PIKE 535 EXHIBIT OF STATE COMMISSION IN LUNACY, HOSPITALS FOR THE INSANE (see section "STATE COMMISSION IN LUNACY" in chapter XV) * These photographs are also labelled "Copyright 1903 [or 1904], by Pirie MacDonald, Photographer of Men, N.Y." CHAPTER I Introduction and Historical Sketch HISTORICAL SIGNIFICANCE [ILLUSTRATION] The Louisiana Purchase Exposition was held in the city of St. Louis in 1904, in commemoration of the acquisition in 1803 of the vast territory west of the Mississippi, then called Louisiana. The transfer is generally regarded as one of the most important events in our national history and stands on record as the greatest acquisition of territory page 8 / 559 ever made by peaceful methods. An American historian of great prominence says: "The annexation of Louisiana was an event so portentous as to defy measurement; it gave a new face to politics and ranked in historical importance next to the Declaration of Independence and the adoption of the Constitution." The territory was ceded to France by Spain by the secret treaty of San Ildefonso in 1800. This aroused to intense excitement the people of the West, who were inclined to give credit to the rumor that the army of forty thousand men sent by Napoleon (who was responsible for the negotiation of that treaty) were in reality to take military possession of Louisiana and the Floridas instead of to suppress the insurrection in San Domingo, the ostensible object. France and England had been struggling for many years for supremacy in the Western Continent, and in the possession of this vast territory Napoleon foresaw a prosperous New France. But there were many complications arising at home. Important political questions demanded attention, and the great Napoleon soon realized that he could not hope to cope successfully with the two great problems lying at such a great distance apart. NEGOTIATIONS FOR TRANSFER OF TERRITORY At that time our country was interested in procuring possession of the site of New Orleans and the free passage of the Mississippi river forever for all American citizens, and negotiations were opened for their purchase by Thomas Jefferson, author of the Declaration of page 9 / 559 Independence, and at that time third President of the United States. During the negotiations Napoleon suggested the transfer of the whole Louisiana territory and the transaction was brought to a most successful conclusion, the signers of the treaty being James Monroe, Robert R. Livingston, and F.B. Marbois, the representative of Napoleon. It was a significant bargain. By it Napoleon formed closer bonds of friendship between France and the United States, and prevented any possibility of the territory falling into the hands of Great Britain. He prophesied that this Republic would eventually become a world power and a commercial rival to England. How completely his prophecy was fulfilled. Our country attained possession of a vast territory embracing more than a million square miles, an area greater than the combined areas of the British Isles, France, Germany, Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands and Italy, the consideration being a figure less than that representing the value of a single square block in any one of our great cities, or an amount much smaller than has been yielded by any one of many mines within the boundaries of the territory. Twelve flourishing states and two territories have since been carved out of Louisiana, and the center of our population is rapidly moving towards that region which was once known as the wilderness of the West. ROBERT R. LIVINGSTON It is a matter of the utmost gratification that the State of New York played so important a part in this great event in the person of Robert page 10 / 559 R. Livingston, who was then United States Minister to France. Dr. Livingston, the title of LL.D. having been conferred upon him by the University of the State of New York, was one of the leading statesmen of his day. A graduate of Kings (now Columbia) College, he began his career in the practice of law in New York city, and was made Recorder of the city in 1773. Elected to the Continental Congress in 1775, he was appointed one of a committee of five to draft the Declaration of Independence, but enforced absence from Philadelphia made it impossible for him to sign the document. He was soon after elected Chancellor of the State of New York, and as such administered the oath of office to George Washington as first President of the United States. His previous training in public affairs admirably fitted him for assuming the important duties leading to the transfer of the Louisiana territory, and to him as much as to any individual belongs the credit for the successful consummation of the transaction.