285 Index

Aalto, Alvar, 173, 259 Adhesion, 112 Aalto-Musiktheater Essen, 112 Adjaye, David, 15 Baker House, 113, 131, 218 Adjoining, 14, 53, 228 Church of the Three Crosses, 123 planar form of dimensionalities, 129 Finlandia Hall, 104–105 Aesthetics, 2 Helsinki house, 216 Ahmedabad Mill Owners’ Association Building, Leverkusen Cultural Center, 231–232 152–153 Maison Louis Carré, 77 AIA Mount Angel Benedictine College, 121 Headquarters, 80 Neue Vahr apartments, 122 NC Center for and Design, 154 Otaniemi Technical University (Aalto Alianza Arquitectos University), 67, 161 Kress residence, 47 Paimio Sanitorium, 16–17, 188 Aligned partial penumbras Rovaniemi Library, 121, 122 core-centered, 217–220 Säynätsalo Town Hall, 21, 22, 160, 253, 254 void-centered, 221–223 Seinäjoki Library, 121, 122 Aligned partial radial arrays, 178–179 Shiraz Art , 113–114, 233–234 void-centered, 185–187 Viipuri Library, 111, 192, 250–251 Aligned partial shell arrays Wolfsburg Cultural Center, 52, 113 core-centered, 191–192 Aalto-Musiktheater Essen, 112 void-centered, 194–195 Abbey of Fontenay, 24, 26, 232 Aligned single shells Accommodation, deformative, 252–259 core-centered aligned partial penumbras, single spiral via, 253, 254 217–220 Acropolis, Athens, 257–259 void-centered aligned partial penumbras, 222 Addition, 3, 13–40, 263 Allegheny County Courthouse, 77–78, 137 adjoining, 14, 53, 228 Alternative readings, 30 collidive embedding, 26–29 Altes Museum, 23, 24 embedding, 232–234 Amagansett parents’ house, 142–143 encapsulation, 32–33, 240 American Heritage Center, 12 enfacing, 24–26, 230–232 Ames, Anthony linear linking, 15–17, 228–229 Villa Chang, 30, 31 matrix embedding, 17–21, 29 Andrews, John superposition, 30–32, 234–239 Harvard University’s Gund Hall, 88 taxonomy of, 39, 40 Scarborough College, 252–253, 259 touching, 21–23, 229–230 Annie Maxim House, 115 “Z axis” cases, 29, 33–39, 236, 240–244 Apple Headquarters, 209 286 Index

Arc de Triomphe de l’Étoile, 193 Biomorphic deformation, 118–121 Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel, 193 , 153–154 Arche de la Défense, 8 , 119 Arquitectonica Blumenthal house, 26, 213 Atlantis Condominium, 84–85, 87 Bo & Wohlert Mandell Residences, 221 Louisiana Museum, 236 North Dade Justice Center, 34, 35 Bohlin Cywinski Jackson Overseas Tower, 135 Gaffney house, 190 Palace Condominium, 31, 32, 131 Ledge House, 213–214, 215 Spear house, 195 Luzerne County Community College Asplund, Erik Gunnar Conference Center, 138, 184 Lister County Courthouse, 212 Bohlin Powell Larkin Cywinski Public Library, 23, 24, 155–156, Shelly Ridge Girl Scout Center’s Activity 157 Lodge, 76 Villa Snellman, 22, 23 Boissonnas House, 65, 66 AT&T Long Lines, 182, 183 Borgund’s Stave Church, 58, 105, 190 Atlanta Hyatt Regency, 78 Borromini Atlantis Condominium, 84–85, 87, 222 Palazzo Spada, 52 Boston “Babel IIB,” hypothetical design, 71–72 Long Wharf Hotel, 89 Baker House, 113, 131, 164, 218 Boston City Hall, 37–38, 39, 82, 151–152, Bangladesh Assembly Building, 207 208, 209 Bangladesh National Assembly House, 251 Bosworth, Willliam Welles Barcelona Pavilion, 149–150 MIT’s Maclaurin Buildings, 178, 179 Barnes, Edward Larrabee Botta, Mario Crown Center Office Complex, 54, 55, Ligornetto House, 222 158, 159 Posteria Residence, 91 Haystack Mountain School of Crafts, 180, Boullée, 9 181 Brant House, 104 Kittredge Dormitories, 160, 182, 183 Braun Headquarters, 139–140 Barnes Foundation, 147, 256, 257 Breuer, Marcel Barry, Donna Whitney Museum of American Art, 87–88 Stevie Ellis Dance Theater, 156–157, 158 Broadway, 246 Barton house, 32 Bryant Park, 246 Building, 158–159, 253 Buckwalter House, 51, 52, 56–58 Bavinger house, 117 Burj Khalifa, 59 Belleview Square, 175 Byker Wall, 131, 136 Bending deformation, 131 plastic bending, 113–115 Cabrillo Marine Museum, 19, 20, 29 plastic failure, 115–116 California Aerospace Museum, 29, 30 rigid failure, 116 Cambridge’s Johnson house, 157, 158 Ben Gurion Airport Tel Aviv, 174 Cambridge History Faculty Building, 79 Bermuda house, 26–28, 213 Cambridge University’s Harvey Court, 158 Index 287

Carlin, Earl Collidive embedding Mount Zion Seventh-Day Adventist Church, addition, 26–29 60, 61 Columbus Fire Station, 138 Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts, Harvard Compressive deformation, 105, 107–109, 114 University, 42–43, 44, 161–162, 242, Connecticut private residence, 206 243 Cook & Fournier Catalano, Eduardo Kunsthaus , 119 Catalano house, 132, 151 Coop Himmelb(l)au Cayan Tower, 118 Dalian International Conference Center, 120, 240 CCTV Headquarters, 94 Core-centered aligned partial penumbras Cellular mitosis, 41 aligned incremented radial arrays, 217 Centerbrook aligned single shells, 217–220 Crowell house, 211 linking, 220 Centering, 1–4, 170 sequence of, 217 arrays, 173–197 Core-centered full penumbras hybrids, 227–259 incremented radial arrays, 200–202 modes of, 264–272 linking, 204–207 mode transformation ring, 273 sequence of, 201 Centrifugal force, 13 single shells, 202–204 Centripetal force, 13 Core-centered partial penumbras Chalgren, Jean incremented radial arrays, 210–211 Arc de Triomphe de l’Étoile, 224–225 linking, 212–213 Cheney house, 203–204 partial single shells, 211–212 Christ Church Spitalfields, 61, 62 sequence of, 210 Chrysler Building, 144, 145 Core-centered radials The Church Incarnate: The Sacred Function of aligned partial radial arrays, 178–179 Christian Architecture, 275 full radial arrays, 174–176 Church of the Three Crosses, 123 partial radial arrays, 177–178 Cincinnati’s Federated building, 80, 81, 96 sequence of, 174 Cité de Refuge, 135 single radials, 179–181 Citicorp Center, 89, 90 Core-centered shells, 188–193 City of Palmanova, Italy, 234–235 aligned partial shell arrays, 191–192 City of Refuge, , 234 full shell arrays, 189–191 Clark & Menefee incremental shell arrays, 192–193 Inn at Middleton Place, 154, 155, 217 partial shell arrays, 191 Clements/Rumpel Core-centered unitary redux, 225 School of Architecture Building, Florida A&M Cores, 245 University, 230–231 Cornell University Undergraduate Housing, 137 Cobb, Henry Corner-to-corner relationships, 22, 23 John Hancock Tower, 110 Cossuta, Araldo Portland Museum of Art, 52–53 Long Wharf Marriott Hotel, 89, 90, 137, Cohesion, 31 179, 180 College Life Insurance Company, 66, 67 Cour Carrée du Louvre, 193 288 Index

Couvent Sainte Marie de La Tourette, 165–167, Duplication 255–256 evolution of, 56, 64 Crowell house, 211 linear, 47–48 Crown Center Office Complex, 54, 55, 158, 159 planar, 65–68, 246 Cummins Occupational Health Center, 30, 31 singular, 41–44, 106 volumetric, 64, 71–72 Dalian International Conference Center, 120, 240 Dana House, 18, 202 Eastern State Penitentiary, Philadelphia, 174 David & Gladys Wright House, 117, 118 East Wing, National Gallery, Washington, D.C., Deformation, 100, 103, 126, 143, 158, 262 205, 235 bending, 113–116, 131 Edge-centered subtraction biomorphic, 118–121 elevation-oriented (three dimension), 92–93 compressive, 105, 107–109, 114 elevation-oriented (two dimension), 85–86 deformative accommodation, 252–259 plan-oriented (one dimension), 76–77 explosive, 121–125 plan-oriented (two dimension), 78–79 implosive, 125–126 Edwin Cheney house, 190 morphing, 251–252 Einstein Tower, 118, 119, 122 shear, 109–113 Eisenman, Peter tensile forces, 104–107, 263 City of Culture of Galicia, 100 torque, 117–118 House VI (Frank house), 154–155 Desert Nomad House, 14 House X, 44, 155, 156 de Young Museum, 147–148, 256–257 Wexner Center, 182–183 Dhaka Assembly Building, 23, 25 Elasticity, 105 Die-cutting, 87, 91 Elevation-oriented subtraction Die Stijl, 130 one dimension, 82–84 Diller & Scofidio three dimension, 91–96 Eyebeam Musuem of Art & Technology, 114 two dimension, 84–91 Lake Neuchatel’s Blur Building, 101 types of, 83 Dimensionalities, 3, 127–140, 271 Embankment, 87 linear form of, 135–137 Embedding, 232–234 planar form of, 128–133 collidive, 26–29 planar/linear form of, 139 core-centered full penumbras, 205–206 volumetric/linear form of, 137–138 core-centered partial penumbras, 212–213 volumetric/planar form of, 133–135+ matrix, 17–21, 29 volumetric/planar/linear form of, 139–140 Empire State Building, 144 Directional deformation, 121–123 Encapsulation, 41, 46–47, 135, 240 Dodecahedron, 8 in additive sequence of expansion, 32–33 Dominican Motherhouse, 229 core-centered full penumbras, 206 “Door-within-a-door-within-a-door-within-a- Endless House, 148, 149 door,” 49 Enfacing, 65, 134, 230–232 Douglas House, 43, 44, 214 addition, 24–26 Dreier-Barton house, 46, 47, 49 Erdman Hall Dormitories, 47, 244, 245 Ductility, 105 Erechtheion, 258 Index 289

Erik Boissonnas house II, 134 volumetric/planar, 152–157 Erosion, 59, 80, 96–97 volumetric/planar/linear, 163–170 Erosive toothing, 77 Forming, 1–4, 41, 227 Erskine, Ralph modes of, 262–263, 269–272 Byker Wall, 131 Forum of Pompeii, 232 European Arcades, 75–76 Foster, Norman Everson Museum of Art, 43, 45, 85, 86, 251, 252 Apple Headquarters, 209 Ewha Womans University, 100 British Museum’s Great Court, 189 Explosive deformation, 121–125 City Hall, 110 Extrusion, 87 London “Gherkin,” 11 Eyebeam Musuem of Art & Technology, 114 , 12 Sainsbury Center for Visual Arts, 137, 182 Face-centered subtraction Franzen, Ulrich elevation-oriented (one dimension), 82–84 Dana House, 18, 202 elevation-oriented (three dimension), 92 Fujimoto, Sou elevation-oriented (two dimension), 84–91 House N, 50, 51 plan-oriented (one dimension), 75–76 Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, 101 plan-oriented (three dimension), 81–82 Fuller, R. Buckminster, 9 plan-oriented (two dimension), 77–78 Full penumbras Failure core-centered, 200–207 plastic, 115–116 void-centered, 207–210 rigid, 116 Full radial arrays, 174–176 shear, 111–113, 192 void-centered, 188 tensile, 105–107 Full shell arrays , 59–61, 214, 254, 255 core-centered, 189–191 Farnsworth house, 36, 37, 128, 129 void-centered, 196–197 “Field plowing” sequences, 266 Fifth Avenue Apple Store, 101 Gannett/USA Today headquarters, 196 Finlandia Hall, 104–105 Gehry, Frank Fire Station 4, Columbus, 212 Biomuseo, 153–154 Floating, 244 Cabrillo Marine Museum, 19, 20, 29 Florey Building, Oxford University, 216 California Aerospace Museum, 29, 30 Florida A&M University Guggenheim Museum , 250 School of Architecture Building, 230–231 Amphitheater, 101, 123 Fondation Cartier, 129, 194, 195 , 124–125 Building, , 212, 213 Winton guest house, 25, 27, 202 Formability, 105 Getty Center, Los Angeles, 214, 215 Formative hybrids, 141–170 Glass House, 214 linear, 158–160 Glass project, 108 planar, 149–152 Goff, Bruce planar/linear, 162–163 Bavinger house, 117, 254 volumetric, 142–148 Goldenberg house, 252 volumetric/linear, 160–162 Gordon Strong Automobile Objective, 117 290 Index

Grand Central Station, 246 Old Harvard Yard, 207, 208 de la Défense, 156, 193, 224 undergraduate dormitories, 208, 216–217 Graves, Michael Hawksmoor, Nicholas Art Department and Museum (project), Vassar Christ Church Spitalfields, 61, 62 College, 22–23, 176, 177 St. Alfege, 61 Hanselmann House, 167–168, 236–237 St. Anne’s Limehouse, 61, 62 Kalko residence, 77 St. Mary Woolnoth, 61 Portland Building, 50–52, 109 Haystack Mountain School of Crafts, 180, 181, Schulman house renovation/addition, 54, 55 183 Great lawn building complex, University of Heery & Heery Virginia, 238 Tallahassee City Hall, 104 Great Minaret (Samarra, Iraq), 117 Heifer International’s Headquarters, 196 Great Mosque of Córdoba, 179 Hejduk, John Greenhouse-house, 19, 20 Wall House II/Bye house, 35, 36, 122–123, Grids, 245–247 168, 222, 236, 237 Gropius, Walter Helsinki house, 216 Bauhaus Building, 158–159, 253 Hercules Headquarters, 146–147, 191 , 250 Herniation, 263 Gwathmey, Charles Herzog & de Meuron Amagansett parents’ house, 142–143 de Young Museum, 147–148, 256–257 Walker Art Center Expansion, 28 Habitat project, 71 Heydar Aliyev Center, 132–133 Habitat 67, 35, 36 HHPA Hadid, Zaha Pingry School, 116 Eli & Edythe Broad Art Museum, 109–110 Hibiscus house, 52, 53 Guangzhou Opera House, 119–120 High Museum, Atlanta, 45 Heydar Aliyev Center, 132–133 Hilbersheimer, Ludwig Rosenthal Center, 33–34 commercial blocks design, 186 Hanselmann House, 167–168, 236–237 Hillside Home School, 15 Hardy Holzman Pfeiffer History Faculty Library, Canbridge, 235–236 Cummins Occupational Health Center, 30, 31 Holl, Steven Hardy House, 211 Tianjin EcoCity Ecology and Planning Harmon, Arthur Loomis , 95 Empire State Building, 144–145 Hollein, Hans Harmon, Frank Städtische Museum Abteiberg (Municipal AIA NC Center for Architecture and Design, 154 Museum Abteiburg), 21, 22, 212, 213 Hartsfield-Jackson Airport, 158, 159, 181, 242 Hood & Howells Harvard University New York , 97–98 Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts, Harvard Hood, Raymond University, 42–43, 44, 161–162, 242, 243 McGraw Hill Building, 87, 88 Gund Hall, 88–89 RCA Building (GE Building), 96–97 J.F.K. School of Government, 115 Horton Plaza, 76 Larsen Hall, 92, 93 Hotel P, 234 Index 291

House N, 50, 51 Jefferson, Thomas House X, 155, 156, 267 great lawn building complex, University of Houston’s YWCA Masterson Branch, 107–108 Virginia, 238 Howe & Lescaze University of Virginia’s great lawn building PSFS Building, 145–146 complex, 178–179 Hydraulic lifts, 36 Jerde, John Horton Plaza, 76 Icosahedron, 8 J.F.K. School of Government, 115, 166 Implosion, 150 Johansen, John Implosive deformation, 125–126 Connecticut private residence, 206 Implosive energy, 26 greenhouse-house, 19, 20 Incremental shell arrays Mummers Theater, 17, 19 core-centered, 192–193 John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & void-centered, 193–197 Museum, 29 Incremented radial arrays John Hancock Tower, 110 core-centered aligned partial penumbras, 217 Johns-Manville Headquarters, 15–16, 184 core-centered full penumbras, 200–202 Johnson, Herbert, 176 core-centered partial penumbras, 210–211 Johnson, Philip, 101 void-centered aligned partial penumbras, Boissonnas House, 65, 66 221–222 Cambridge’s Johnson house, 157, 158 void-centered full penumbras, 207–208 Erik Boissonnas house II, 134, 249, 250 void-centered partial penumbras, 213–215 Glass House, 214 Inland Steel Building, 139, 218 Johnson House, 203, 204 Inn at Middleton Place, 217 , 98–99 Isomorphism, 46 Jones Laboratory, 32, 33, 239, 240 Isozaki, Arata Joy, Rick Okanoyama Graphic Art Museum, 47–48, Desert Nomad House, 14 192–193, 235, 264 Kaaba, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, 8 Jacobsen, Hugh Newell Kahn, Louis I. Blumenthal house, 213 Bangladesh Assembly Building, 207 Buckwalter House, 51, 52, 56–58 Dhaka Assembly Building, 23, 25 Dreier-Barton house, 46, 47 Dominican Motherhouse, 160, 161, 229 Jacobs house, 178, 179, 221, 267 Erdman Hall Dormitories, 47, 244, 245 Putterman house, 25, 27, 134–135 Exeter library, 189 Waddell House, 14 Goldenberg house, 123–124, 252 Zamoiski House, 16, 193, 194 Kimbell Art Museum, 66 Jaeger beach house, 28 Phillips Exeter Academy Library, 49, 51, 124, Jakob + Macfarlane 247, 271 Orange Cube, 94 Richards Medical Research Laboratories, Jeanneret, Pierre University of Pennsylvania, 249, 250 Cité de Refuge, 135 Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 42, 106, Jeddah’s Kingdom Tower, 11 107, 187 292 Index

Kalko residence, 77 Leslie Martin & Colin St. John Wilson Kallmann, McKinnell and Knowles Cambridge University’s Harvey Court, 158 Boston City Hall, 37–38, 39, 208, 209 , 35, 37 Kiesler, Frederick Leverkusen Cultural Center, 231–232 Endless House, 148, 149 Leyswood house, 210 Kimbell Art Museum, 66 Libeskind, Daniel Kittredge dormitories, 182, 183 Jewish Museum, 114–115 KJA Library of France, 8, 91 Annie Maxim House, 115 Ligornetto House, 222 Klontz & Wrede Lincoln Cathedral, 163 Belleview Square, 175 Linear dimensionalities, 135–137 Koolhaas, 8 Linear duplication, 47–48 KPF elevational cases, 48 AT&T Long Lines, 182 plan cases, 48 Gannett/USA Today headquarters, 196 Linear hybrids, 158–160 Hercules Headquarters, 146–147, 191 Linear link geometries, sequential tree of, 18 Proctor & Gamble Headquarters, 178 Linear linking, 228–229 Kress residence, 47 addition, 15–17 Kunsthaus Graz, 119 Linear regression, 48–55 one dimension regression, 53–55 Lake Neuchatel’s Blur Building, 101 two dimensions/direct (2d/direct), 49–55 Lamb, William F. Lister County Courthouse, 212 Empire State Building, 144 Lloyd Lewis House, 248, 249 Lawrence Residence, 31 Long Gallery House project, 138, 182 Le Corbusier Long Wharf Marriott Hotel, 86, 89, 137, 179, Ahmedabad Mill Owners’ Association Building, 180 152–153 Los Angeles’ Pacific Design Center, 90–91 Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts (Harvard Louisiana Museum, 16, 236 University), 42–43, 44, 161–162, 242, 243 Lovell House, 96, 97 Cité de Refuge, 135 Lutyens, Edwin City of Refuge, Paris, 234 Thiepval Memorial Arch, 98 Couvent Sainte Marie de La Tourette, 165–167, Luzerne County Community College Conference 255–256 Center, 138 Firminy’s Youth & Cultural Center, 90 Mundaneum, 117 MacLean, Amsler Hagenah Notre Dame du Haut, 125 Wharton house, 53 Palace of Assembly, Chandigarh, 244, 245 Macy’s Headquarters, 80 Swiss Pavilion, Paris, 139, 164–165, 243–244 Mahlum Villa Savoye, 36–37, 38, 81–82, 86–87 Wilkes Elementary School, 246 Ledge House, 213–214, 215 Maison Carré, 90 Ledoux, 9 Mandell Residences, 221 Leicester University Manhattan Engineering Building, 62, 84, 138 New Museum, 34, 35 Index 293

Paramount Building, 50, 51 Moore, Charles, 20, 21, 32, 33 World Financial Center, 59 Hines House, 180 Margaret Hotel, 59–60, 191 Moore house, 32, 33, 141, 244, 245 Mario Botta Stern House, 30, 31 Swiss villas, 88 Moore Grover Harper Mast Family General Store, North Carolina, 221 Jones Laboratory, 32, 33, 239, 240 Matrix embedding, 17–21, 29 Morgan, William McGraw Hill Building, 87, 88 Thomas house, 92–93 Meier, Richard Morphing, 251–252 Atheneum Visitor Center, 168–169 core-centered full penumbras, 206–207 Cornell University Undergraduate Housing, 137 void-centered full penumbras, 210 Douglas House, 43, 44, 214 Morphosis Getty Center, Los Angeles, 214, 215 Emerson Los Angeles, 156, 157 High Museum, Atlanta, 45 Lawrence Residence, 31 Museum of Decorative Arts, Frankfurt am Moscow Main, 43, 45, 233 road connector network, 189 Shamberg House, 43, 44 Mount Angel Benedictine College, 121, 122 Smith house, 43, 218–219, 220 Mount Zion Seventh-Day Adventist Church, Mendelsohn, Erich 60, 61 Einstein Tower, 118, 119 Multifamily housing, 26 Mesoamerican civilizations, 8 Multiple floors, slab-sided column of, 35 Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, 157 Mummers Theater, 17, 19, 241, 242 Barcelona Pavilion, 149–150 Mundaneum, 117 Farnsworth house, 36, 37, 128, 129 Murphy, C. F. glass skyscraper project, 108 Xerox Center, 81, 82 Seagram Building, 98–99 Murphy/Jahn Millennium Tower, 12 State of Illinois Center (James R. Thompson Minority Airport Architects Center), 203, 209 Hartsfield-Jackson Airport, 158, 159 Museum for Northrhine Westphalia, 208–209 Mission Park Houses project, Williams College, Museum of Decorative Arts, Frankfurt am Main, 163–164 43, 45, 233 MIT’s Maclaurin Buildings, 178, 179 Mitchell/Giurgola National Library of France, 151 AIA Headquarters, 80 Neue Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, 23, 24, 209, Lang Music Building, 42, 43 241–242 Mission Park Houses project, Williams College, Neue Vahr apartments, 122 163–164 Neutra, Richard State University of New York’s Student Center, Lovell House, 96, 97 79–80 New York Tredyffrin Public Library, 153, 195, 196 Daily News Building, 97–98 MLTW 1939–1940 World’s Fair, 9 Sea Ranch Condominium, 26, 27, 46, 84, 231 North Dade Justice Center, 34, 35 Moffett, Marian, 175 Northrhine Westphalia Museum, 78, 79 294 Index

Notre Dame du Haut, 42, 125, 126 Palace Condos, 131 Nouvel, Jean Palace of Assembly, Chandigarh, 62, 244, 245 Fondation Cartier, 129, 194, 195 Palacio de Carlos V, 238, 239 Tour Sans Fins, 136 Palacio de Comares, 238, 239 Palacio del Leones, 238, 239 Obelisque, 193 Palazzo Spada, 52 Obfuscation, 31 Palladio, Andrea Octagon House, 80 Vila Capra, 235 Okanoyama Graphic Art Museum, 47–48, Parc de la Villette, 67–68, 248 235, 264 Parthenon, 258 Old Harvard Yard, Harvard University, 207, 208 Parti, 32 Old Radcliffe Yard, Radcliffe University, 207–208, Partial penumbras 213 aligned, 217–223 Oliver, Richard, 20, 21 core-centered, 210–213 Olivetti Training School, 116 void-centered, 213–217 OMA Partial radial arrays, 177–178 CCTV Headquarters, 94, 159 aligned, 178–179, 185–187 Library of France, 91 void-centered, 187–188 Seattle Public Library, 33, 34 Partial shell arrays Très Grande Bibiothèque competition entry, core-centered, 191 32–33 void-centered, 195–196 Omnidirectional deformation, 123–125 Partial single shells One dimension (1d) regression, 53–55 core-centered partial penumbras, 211–212 elevational cases, 53, 54 void-centered partial penumbras, 215–217 plan cases, 54 Pei, I. M. Onion domes, 108–109 East Wing, National Gallery, Washington, “Opposites attract” approach, 43 D.C., 205, 235 Orange Cube, 94 Everson Museum of Art, 43, 45, 85, 86, 251, Oscar Hoff 252 Ullevål Haveby, 247, 248 John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Oslo Opera House, 112–113 Museum, 29 Otaniemi Technical University (Aalto University), Paul Mellon Arts Center, Choate Rosemary 67, 161 Hall School, 42, 43, 224, 225 Oud, J. J. P. Pelli, César Weissenhof Row Houses, 222, 223 Long Gallery House project, 138, 182 townhouses, 230 Los Angeles’ Pacific Design Center, 90–91 Oxford University Manhattan’s World Financial Center, 59 Florey Building, 162–163, 216 World Financial Center, 97, 190 Penumbra, 199 Paatelainen, Raili Inkeri Marjatta aligned partial, 217–223 Dipoli student center, 105 full, 200–210 Paimio Sanitorium, 16–17 partial, 210–217 Palace Condominium, 31, 32, 131 unitary redux, 223–226 Index 295

Perkins+Will Poetry Foundation Building, 229–230 William Jones College Preparatory High Polshek, James School, 93–94, 114–115 Rose Center for Earth & Space, 9, 44–46 Perrault, Dominique Polyhedral basics, 7–10 Ewha Womans University, 100 Portland Building, 50–52, 109 National Library of France, 151 Portland Museum of Art, 52–53 Peter’s Basilica, Vatican City, 44, 45 Portman, John Phillips Exeter Academy Library, 49, 51, 124, 247 Atlanta Hyatt Regency, 78 Piano’s London “Shard,” 11 Hyatt, 89 Piazza San Marco & Piazzetta, 245 Postmodernism, 19 Piazzi della Cisterna, 245 “Powers of Ten,” 215 Piazzi della Signoria and del Duomo, 245 Predock, Antoine Pierre Jeanneret American Heritage Center, 12 City of Refuge, Paris, 234 Tang Teaching Museum & Art Gallery, Pietilä, Reima Skidmore College, 176, 177 Dipoli student center, 105 Proctor & Gamble Headquarters, 178 Pingry School, 116, 164, 169 Propylaea, 258 Place de l’Étoile (Place Charles de Gaulle), 175, PSFS Building, 145–146 176 Putterman house, 25, 27, 134–135, 230 Planar/linear form of dimensionalities, 139 Pyramide du Louvre, 8 Planar/linear hybrids, 162–163 Planar duplication, 65–68, 246 Quigley, Rob Wellington Planar form of dimensionalities, 128–133 Jaeger beach house, 28 Planar hybrids, 149–152 Planar regression, 68–71 Radcliffe University Plan-oriented subtraction Old Radcliffe Yard, 207–208, 213 corner-removal types, sequential array of, 81 Radial increments, 229 edge-centered (one dimension), 76–77 Radials edge-centered (two dimension), 78–79 core-centered, 174–181 face-centered (one dimension), 75–76 void-centered, 181–188 face-centered (three dimension), 81–82 Rapp & Rapp face-centered (two dimension), 77–78 Manhattan’s Paramount Building, 50, 51 types of, 74 Ravenna’s Basilica of San Vitale, 206 vertex-centered (two dimension), 79–81 RCA Building (GE Building), 96–97 Plastic Regression bending, 113–115 evolution of, 56, 64 failure, 115–116 linear, 48–55 shear deformation, 109–110 one dimension regression, 53–55 tension, 104–105 planar, 68–71 Plasticity, 105 singular, 44–47, 203 Plater-Zyberk, Duany two dimensions/direct, 49–55 Hibiscus house, 52, 53 two dimensions/inverse, 55–65 Platonic solids, 7–8 volumetric, 64, 71–72 296 Index

Reid Building of the Glasgow School of Art, 143 Rudolph, Paul Replication, 16, 41–72, 263 Yale Art & Architecture Building (Rudolph cores, 245 Hall), 150 evolution of, 56, 64 Rutgers Business School, 159–160 grids, 245–247 linear duplication, 47–48 Saarinen’s Kresge Auditorium, 9, 10 linear regression, 48–55 Sackler Museum, 113, 180 one dimension regression, 53–55 Safdie, Moshe planar duplication, 65–68 Ben Gurion Airport Tel Aviv, 174–175 planar regression, 68–71 Habitat project, 71 singular duplication, 41–44 Habitat 67, 35, 36 singular regression, 44–47 Sainsbury Center for Visual Arts, 137, 182 taxonomy of, 63 Sainsbury Wing of London’s National Gallery, 107 two dimensions/direct, 49–55, 57–60 St. Alfege, 61 two dimensions/inverse regression, 55–65 St. Anne’s Limehouse, 61, 62 volumetric duplication/regression, 64, St. Mary Woolnoth, 61 71–72 St. Paul’s School’s Kittredge Dormitories, 160 Richards Medical Research Laboratories, St. Peter’s Scala Regia, 52 University of Pennsylvania, 249, 250 Salisbury Cathedral, 31, 32 Richardson, Henry Hobson Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 187 Allegheny County Courthouse, 77–78 Säynätsalo Town Hall, 21, 22 Rietveld, Gerrit Scarborough College, 252–253, 259 Schröder House, 129–130 Schindler, Rudolph Rigid failure, 116 Schindler house, 253 , 35–36 Schinkel, Karl Friedrich Robson, Sheppard Altes Museum, 23, 24 Sainsbury Wing of London’s National Gallery, School of Architecture Building, Florida A&M 107 University, 230–231 Roche & Dinkeloo Schröder House, 129–130 College Life Insurance Company, 66, 67 Schulman house renovation/addition, 54, 55 Ford Foundation Building, Manhattan, 212, Schwarz, Rudolf 213 The Church Incarnate: The Sacred Function of Roman Pantheon, 225 Christian Architecture, 275 Ronan, John Scutt, Der Poetry Foundation Building, 229–230 Trump Tower, 95–96 Roof chamfers, 89–90 Sea Ranch Condominium, 26, 27, 46, 84, 231 Rose Center for Earth & Space, 9, 49 Seattle Public Library, 33, 34 , 178, 179 Seinäjoki Library, 121, 122 Rosenthal Center, 33–34 Selfridges Building, 119 Rovaniemi Library, 121, 122 Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, 101 Rowes Wharf, 162 Shamberg House, 43, 44 RTKL Shaw, Richard Norman Cincinnati’s Federated building, 80, 81, 96 Leyswood house, 210 Index 297

Shear deformation Spear house, 195 plastic shear, 109–110 Staatsgalerie, 47 shear failure, 111–113 Städtische Museum Abteiberg (Municipal Museum Shells Abteiburg), 21, 22, 212, 213 core-centered, 188–193 State of Illinois Center (James R. Thompson sequence of, 189 Center), 203, 209 void-centered, 193–197 State University of New York’s Student Center, Shelly Ridge Girl Scout Center’s Activity Lodge, 76 79–80 Shiraz Art Museum, 113–114, 233–234 Stern House, 30, 31 Shreve, Richmond Steven Holl & JM Architects Empire State Building, 144 Reid Building of the Glasgow School of Art, Siedlung Westhausen, 247, 248 143 Siegel, Gwathmey, 150–151 Stevens & Wilkinson Architects Siena’s Palazzo Pubblico, 137 Hartsfield-Jackson Airport, 158, 159 Single radials Stevie Ellis Dance Theater, 158 core-centered, 179–181 Stirling, James void-centered, 181–185 Cambridge History Faculty Building, 79 Single shells Florey Building, Oxford University, 216 core-centered full penumbras, 202–204 History Faculty Library, Canbridge, 235–236 void-centered full penumbras, 208–210 Leicester University’s Engineering Building, 62, Singular duplication, 41–44, 106 84, 138 planar, 43, 44 Leicester Engineering Building Singular regression, 44–47, 203 Museum for Northrhine Westphalia, 208–209 Skidmore College Neue Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, 23, 24, 47 Tang Teaching Museum & Art Gallery, 176, 177 Northrhine Westphalia Museum, 78, 79 Slipped variant, evolution of, 96 Olivetti Training School, 116 Smith Hinchman & Grylls Architects Oxford University’s Florey Building, 162–163 Hartsfield-Jackson Airport, 158, 159 Palace of Assembly, Chandigarh, 62 Smith house, 43, 218–219, 220 Sackler Museum, 113, 180 Snøhetta University of St. Andrews’s Andrew Melville Bibliotheca Alexandrina, 10 Hall, 138 Oslo Opera House, 112–113 University of St. Andrews’s dormitories, Soleri, Paolo 177–178 “Babel IIB,” hypothetical design, 71–72 Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung, SOM 22, 23 Cayan Tower, 118 Stirling & Wilford Inland Steel Building, 139 Braun Headquarters, 139–140 Lever House, 35, 37 Neue Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, 241–242 Rowes Wharf, 85, 162 Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung, University of Iowa’s Bowen Science Building, 207 71 Stockholm Public Library, 23, 24, 235 Southern Appalachians, vernacular cantilever barn Stubbins, Hugh of, 240 Citicorp Center, 89 298 Index

Subtraction, 3, 73–101, 262, 263 Touching, 21–23, 229–230 elevation-oriented Tour Sans Fins, 10, 12, 136 one dimension, 82–84 Tower of Babel, 117 three dimension, 91–96 Toyo Ito two dimension, 84–91 Hotel P, 234 interventions of, 74 Transamerica Pyramid, 10, 11 mediating cases, variants of, 96–99 Tredyffrin Public Library, 153, 195, 196 plan-oriented Très Grande Bibiothèque competition entry, 32–33 one dimension, 75–77 Troglytism, 99 three dimension, 81–82 Tschumi, Bernard two dimension, 77–81 Parc de la Villette, 67–68, 248 ultimate, 99–101 Turnbull, William Subtractive accommodation, 249–251 Hines House, 180 Subtractive incrementation, 247–248 lattice-wrapped house, 190 Superposition, 130, 234–239 Zimmerman House, 54, 55 addition, 30–32, 44 Two dimensions/direct (2d/direct) regression, 49–55 cohesion, 31 compared with two dimensions/inverse collidive angles, sequence of, 31 regression, 57–60 core-centered full penumbras, 205 elevational cases, 49, 50 obfuscation, 31 plan cases, 49, 50 Swiss Pavilion, 139, 164–165, 243–244 Two dimensions/inverse regression, 55–65 Sydney Opera House, 151, 187 compared with two dimensions/direct regression, 57–60 Taft Architects elevational cases, 57, 58 Houston’s YWCA Masterson Branch, 18–19, plan cases, 57, 58 107–108 Tallahassee City Hall, 104 Ullevål Haveby, 247, 248 Tang Teaching Museum & Art Gallery, Skidmore Ultimate subtraction, 99–101 College, 176, 177 Undergraduate dormitories, Harvard University, TEN Arquitectos 208, 216–217 Rutgers Business School, 159, 160 Underground house design, 99–100 Tensile deformation, 104–107, 263 Unitary form, 7–12 plastic tension, 104–105 polyhedral basics, 7–10 tensile failure, 105–107 Unitary redux, 223–226 The Architects Collaborative (TAC) core-centered, 225 Johns-Manville Headquarters, 15–16, 184 linking, 225–226 Thiepval Memorial Arch, 98 void-centered, 223–225 Thomas house, 92–93 , 15, 228–229, 247 Tod Williams & Billie Tsien University of Iowa Barnes Foundation, 147, 256, 257 Bowen Science Building, 71 Tokyo International Forum, 220 University of Pennsylvania Tomek house, 218, 220 Richards Medical Research Laboratories, 249, Torque deformation, 117–118 250 Index 299

University of St. Andrews Void-centered full penumbras, 207–210 Andrew Melville Hall, 138 on hub or center, 209, 210 dormitories, 177–178 incremented radial arrays, 207–208 University of Virginia linking, 210 great lawn building complex, 178–179, 238 sequence of, 207 USA county seat town squares, 175 single shells, 208–210 U.S. Capitol, 237–238 Void-centered partial penumbras Usonian houses, 178, 190 incremented radial arrays, 213–215 Utzon, Jorn linking, 217 Sydney Opera House, 151, 187 partial single shells, 215–217 sequence of, 214 Van Alen, William Void-centered radials, 181–188 Chrysler Building, 144, 145 aligned partial radial arrays, 185–187 Vanna Venturi House, 202 full radial arrays, 188 Vassar College partial radial arrays, 187–188 Art Department and Museum (project), 22–23, sequence of, 181 176, 177 single radials, 181–185 Venturi, Robert Void-centered shells, 193–197 Bermuda house, 213 aligned partial shell arrays, 194–195 Columbus Fire Station, 138 full shell arrays, 196–197 Fire Station 4, Columbus, 212 incremental shell arrays, 193–194 Vanna Venturi House, 202 partial shell arrays, 195–196 Vernacular house porches, 86, 87 sequence of, 194 Vertex-centered subtraction Volume-centered suspension (elevation-oriented, concave mode, 79–80 three dimension), 91–92 convex mode, 81 Void-centered unitary redux, 223–225 elevation-oriented (three dimension), 93–96 Volumetric/linear form of dimensionalities, elevation-oriented (two dimension), 86–91 137–138 mediating mode, 80–81, 87, 95 Volumetric/linear hybrids, 160–162 plan-oriented (two dimension), 79–81 Volumetric/planar/linear form of dimensionalities, Viipuri Library, 111–112, 192, 250–251 139–140 Vila Capra, 235 Volumetric/planar/linear hybrids, 163–170 Villa Chang, 30, 31 Volumetric/planar form of dimensionalities, Villa Savoye, 36–37, 38, 81–82, 86–87 133–135 Villa Snellman, 22, 23 vernacular houseform, 133 Viñoli, Rafael Volumetric/planar hybrids, 152–157 Tokyo International Forum, 220 Volumetric hybrids, 142–148 Void-centered aligned partial penumbras, 221– von Sprekelsen, Johann Otto 223 Grande Arche de la Défense, 85, 224 aligned incremented radial arrays, 221–222 VSRB aligned single shells, 222 Brant House, 104 linking, 223 Sainsbury Wing of London’s National Gallery, sequence of, 221 107 300 Index

Waddell House, 14 David & Gladys Wright House, 117, 118 Walker Art Center Expansion, 28 Edwin Cheney house, 190 Wall House II/Bye house, 35, 36, 122–123, 168, Fallingwater, 59–61, 214, 254, 255 236, 237 Gordon Strong Automobile Objective, 117, Ward Willits House, 134 254 Warping stress deformation, 113–114 Hardy House, 211 Wells, Malcolm Jacobs house, 178, 179 underground house design, 99–100 Lloyd Lewis House, 248, 249 Wexner Center, 182–183 Pew House, 57, 58 Wharton house, 53 Robie house, 35–36, 111 Whitney Museum of American Art, 87–88 Rosenbaum house, 178, 179 Wilford, Michael Tomek house, 218, 220, 243 Neue Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, 23, 24 Unity Temple, 15, 228–229, 247 Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung, Ward Willits House, 134 22, 23 , 176 Wilkes Elementary School, 246 Yahara Boat House, 30 William Jones College Preparatory High School, 93–94 Xerox Center, 81, 82 Williams College, 166, 169 Mission Park Houses project, 163–164 Yahara Boat House, 30 Wingspread, 176 Yale Art & Architecture Building (Rudolph Hall), Winton guest house, 25, 27, 202 150 Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung, YWCA, 18–19, 107–108 22, 23, 207 Wolfsburg Cultural Center, 52, 113 Zamoiski House, 16, 193, 194 World Financial Center, 267 “Z axis” cases, 185, 236, 240–244 Wright, Frank Lloyd addition, 29, 33–39 Barton house, 32 reversal of additive sequence, 33, 34 Cheney house, 203–204 Zimmerman House, 54, 55