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How the Americas Conquered the World

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CONTRIBUTIONS IN NEW WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY Volume 14 Contributions in New World Archaeology ( ISSN 2080-8216 ) is a semi-annual journal dealing with various aspects of North and South American archaeology, anthropology and ethnohistory. Its main aim is to publish results of archaeological excavations and surveys conducted in various parts of the New World as well as to present papers devoted to the studies of collections of archaeological artefacts discovered in either American continent. Moreover, the journal addresses such subjects as theory, methodology and practice in New World archaeology. www.cnwajournal.org E-mail: [email protected] EDITORIAL OFFICE: EDITORS: 'HSDUWPHQWRI1HZ:RUOG$UFKDHRORJ\ -DQXV].U]\V]WRI.R]áRZVNL ,QVWLWXWHRI$UFKDHRORJ\ -DURVáDZħUDáND -DJLHOORQLDQ8QLYHUVLW\ 5DGRVáDZ3DORQND *ROHELD6WUHHW 0LFKDá:DVLOHZVNL .UDNRZ 3RODQG Telephone: +48 126631595 EDITORIAL BOARD: Robert H. Brunswig Department of Anthropology, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, USA Víctor González Fernandez Instituto Colombiano de Antropología e Historia, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia Christophe Helmke ,QVWLWXWHRI&URVV&XOWXUDODQG5HJLRQDO6WXGLHV8QLYHUVLW\RI&RSHQKDJHQ'HQPDUN 0LFKDá.REXVLHZLF] ,QVWLWXWHRI$UFKDHRORJ\DQG(WKQRORJ\RIWKH3ROLVK$FDGHP\RI6FLHQFHV 3R]QDĔ%UDQFK 3RODQG .U]\V]WRI0DNRZVNL 3RQWL¿FLD8QLYHUVLGDG&DWyOLFDGHO3HU~/LPD3HUX $OHNVDQGHU3RVHUQ=LHOLĔVNL 'HSDUWPHQWRI(WKQRORJ\DQG&XOWXUDO$QWKURSRORJ\$GDP0LFNLHZLF]8QLYHUVLW\3R]QDĔ 3RODQG 0DULXV]6=LyáNRZVNL &HQWUHIRU3UHFROXPELDQ6WXGLHV8QLYHUVLW\RI:DUVDZ3RODQG Publishing House -$*,(//21,$181,9(56,7< ,167,787(2)$5&+$(2/2*< CONTRIBUTIONS IN NEW WORLD ARCHAEOLOGY Volume 14 Proceedings of the 24th European Maya Conference Cracow, November 11-16, 2019 3DUW Edited by &KULVWRSKH+HOPNH+DUUL.HWWXQHQDQG-DURVáDZħUDáND .UDNyZ Cover image: Details of the murals from the chapel of Santa María Xoxoteco, Mexico. 3KRWRE\0LNNHO%¡J&OHPPHQVHQ /LQJXLVWLFHGLWRUV English: 6WHYH-RQHV *% %$LQ0RGHUQ/DQJXDJHV – English, Director of Distinction /DQJXDJH&HQWUH*GDĔVN3RODQG&ROOHHQ6XQGHUODQG 86$ 0$LQ0RGHUQ/DQJXDJHV± (QJOLVK72()/WHVWVHYDOXDWRU%HOOLQJKDP86$ Spanish: (ZD3DOND 3/ 'HSDUWDPHQWRGH)LORORJtD5RPiQLFD±8QLYHUVLGDG-DJXHOyQLFD .UDNyZ3RORQLD 6FLHQWL¿FHGLWRUV &KULVWRSKH+HOPNH+DUUL.HWWXQHQDQG-HVSHU1LHOVHQ Cover art design )LOLS6]W\EHU *UDSKLFVHGLWLQJDQG'73 3UR¿O$UFKHR3XEOLVKLQJ+RXVHDQG(OĪELHWD)LGOHUħUDáND © Copyright by: Jagiellonian University – Institute of Archaeology .UDNyZ ISSN 2080-8216 '2,FQZD The print version of Contributions in New World Archaeology is the primary, reference version of this journal 3XEOLNDFMD¿QDQVRZDQDSU]H]8QLZHUV\WHW-DJLHOORĔVNL =ZLĊNV]HQLHSR]LRPXXPLĊG]\QDURGRZLHQLDRUD]SRSUDZDGRVWĊSQRĞFLF]DVRSLVPD Contribtutions in New World Archeology ]DGDQLH¿QDQVRZDQHZUDPDFKXPRZ\ QU3'81]HĞURGNyZ0LQLVWHUVWZD1DXNLL6]NROQLFWZD:\ĪV]HJR SU]H]QDF]RQ\FKQDG]LDáDOQRĞüXSRZV]HFKQLDMąFąQDXNĊ Indexed on Contents )rom the editors 9DVLMDVQRFRQTXLVWDGDV3DWURQHVGHFRQWLQXLGDGGHODFHUiPLFDPD\D Dora Maritza García Patzán 33 Didactics and cosmos: heaven and hell in the early colonial murals of Santa María Xoxoteco, Hidalgo, Mexico Mikkel Bøg Clemmensen &KLODP%DODP³SURSKHFLHV´DQGWKH6SDQLVKLQYDVLRQDQGRFFXSDWLRQRI<XFDWDQ Bruce Love /LQJXLVWLFDUFKDHRORJ\LQWKH3RTRPFKL¶VSHDNLQJDUHDWUDFLQJODQJXDJHFRQWDFWV before and after the conquest Igor Vinogradov 97 New World words and things LQWKH2OG:RUOGKRZWKH$PHULFDVFRQTXHUHG the world Harri Kettunen 7KHSHQLQVXODU0D\D¶VXQ¿QLVKHGVSLULWXDOFRQTXHVW Lorraine A. Williams-Beck FROM THE EDITORS This issue of the Contributions in New World Archaeology journal contains the second set of papers presented at the 24 th (XURSHDQ 0D\D &RQIHUHQFH (0& WKDW WRRN SODFH LQ .UDNyZEHWZHHQWKH th and 16 th of November, 2019. The title of the 24 th EMC was Contact and Conquest in the Maya World and Beyond , and it concentrated on the events 500 years ago, since the start of the conquest of Mexico, as well as the colonization and collision of cultures from the early sixteenth century onwards, the changes it brought about, and the dawn of globalization. The conference also addressed the subject of conquests and contacts between GL൵HUHQW0HVRDPHULFDQVRFLHWLHVDQGFXOWXUHVEHIRUHWKH(XURSHDQDUULYDO 'XULQJ WKH FRQIHUHQFH PRUH WKDQ WZHQW\ SDSHUV ZHUH SUHVHQWHG 7KH ¿UVW SDUW RI contributions has been published in volume 13 of CNWA. The present volume contains another set of six papers that are mostly concentrated on the subject of Spanish conquest and changes it brought to Mesoamerica as seen in the art, ceramic production, languages, and religion, and how WKH&ROXPELDQH[FKDQJHLQÀXHQFHGQRWRQO\WKH1HZ:RUOGEXWDOVRWKH2OG 7KH YROXPH EHJLQV ZLWK DQ DUWLFOH E\ 'RUD 0DULW]D *DUFtD 3DW]iQ WLWOHG Vasijas no conquistadas: Patrones de continuidad de la cerámica maya . The author describes changes brought by conquest and colonization in the process of ceramic production in Guatemala and Mexico. The author also shows that despite the introduction of new European ceramic modes, many production techniques and decorations of pre-Columbian origin were maintained in the manufacture of ceramics not only during the colonial period but even up until today. The following article, Didactics and cosmos: heaven and hell in the early colonial murals of Santa María Xoxoteco, Hidalgo, Mexico E\0LNNHO%¡J&OHPPHQVHQUHSRUWVRQ the fascinating colonial period murals that were used in the process of evangelization and conversion of indigenous people of central Mexico. Clemmensen concentrates on presenting many iconographic elements of pre-Columbian origin that were used by friars and local artists to describe the most important concepts and elements of the Christian religion. 7KHQH[WSDSHULQWKHYROXPHLVE\%UXFH/RYHDQGLVWLWOHG Chilam Balam ‘prophecies’ and the Spanish invasion and occupation of Yucatan . The author discusses the famous passages IURPWKH%RRNVRI&KLODP%DODPDWWULEXWHGWR¿YH ah kin , the ritual specialists and diviners who LQWHUSUHWHGWKHZRUGVRIWKHJRGVLQVL[WHHQWKFHQWXU\<XFDWDQ7KHVWXG\UHYHDOVWKDWWKH ah kin were contemporary cohorts from neighboring polities in the western and northern peninsula and that they urged their old enemy, the Itza Maya, to accept the new religion and people from the HDVW7KHSDSHUUHH[DPLQHVWKH6SDQLVKLQYDVLRQDQGRFFXSDWLRQRI<XFDWDQDQG¿QGVWKDWLQ WKH\HDUVSULRUWRWKHLQTXLVLWLRQWULDOVE\'LHJRGH/DQGDWKHUHZDVLQFHQWLYHIRUWKH0D\DWR FROODERUDWHZLWKWKH6SDQLDUGVDQGWKH)UDQFLVFDQPLVVLRQDULHV 8 From the editors ,JRU9LQRJUDGRY¶VSDSHU Linguistic archaeology in the Poqomchi’-speaking area: tracing language contacts before and after the conquest focuses on language contacts in the Maya DUHDE\DQDO\]LQJHDUO\FRORQLDOPDQXVFULSWVZULWWHQLQ3RTRPFKL¶7KHVHZULWWHQGRFXPHQWV FDQEHXVHGLQUHFRQVWUXFWLQJWKHVRFLDOFRQWH[WRIWKHVSHDNHUV)RUH[DPSOHVLPLODULWLHVLQ WKHJUDPPDWLFDOGHYHORSPHQWGXULQJWKHFRORQLDOSHULRGFDQEHREVHUYHGEHWZHHQ3RTRPFKL¶ DQG4¶HTFKL¶,QWHUHVWLQJO\KRZHYHU3RTRPFKL¶PDLQWDLQVWKHWHQGHQF\WRERUURZOLQJXLVWLF VWUXFWXUHV UDWKHU WKDQ LQGLYLGXDO OH[HPHV ZKLFK PD\ EH GXH WR WKH GHOLEHUDWH H൵RUWV RI WKH VSHDNHUVWRSUHVHUYHWKHLUOLQJXLVWLFLGHQWLW\ In the next paper, New World words and things in the Old World: How the Americas conquered the world, +DUUL .HWWXQHQ H[DPLQHV WKH OLQJXLVWLF DQG ELRORJLFDO H൵HFWV RI WKH Columbian exchange by analyzing the history of lexical borrowings from Indigenous languages RIWKH$PHULFDVDURXQGWKHZRUOGDVZHOODVWKHKLVWRU\RI1HZ:RUOGLWHPVLQWKH2OG:RUOG Whereas the Columbian exchange brought numerous plants and animals, as well as technology DQGGLVHDVHVWRWKH1HZ:RUOGWKHÀRZRI1HZ:RUOGLWHPVWRWKHUHVWRIWKHZRUOGZDVPXFK more restricted, involving primarily cultivated plants. However, the author points out that if we consider the Columbian exchange to be an ongoing process, there are numerous species RIÀRUDDQGIDXQDWKDWDUHFRQWLQXDOO\VSUHDGLQJWRQHZDUHDVPDLQO\ZLWKWKHLQWHQWLRQDORU XQLQWHQWLRQDOKHOSRIKXPDQV)XUWKHUPRUH.HWWXQHQSRLQWVRXWWKDWXQGHUVWDQGLQJWKHRULJLQV of the species and cultigens, the history of their global dispersal, and the Indigenous methods that foster diversity, provides us with better tools to understand the interconnectedness of culture DQGELRGLYHUVLW\,QDGGLWLRQXQOLNHWKHµLWHPV¶WKHPVHOYHVWKHFXOWXUDONQRZOHGJHDQGGLYHUVLW\ RI1HZ:RUOGSODQWVDQGIRRGVWX൵VGLGQRWDOZD\VWUDYHODORQJZLWKWKHSURGXFWVOHDGLQJDW times, to unwanted consequences, as in the case of malnutrition or famines caused by maize in Africa and potatoes in Ireland. Besides these, the study discusses loanwords that originate in Indigenous American languages and reveals interesting generational patterns in their usage outside the area of the origin of the terms: some terms that were common a few decades ago have all but disappeared today, while others have started a new life in popular culture. 7KHYROXPHFORVHVZLWKDQDUWLFOHE\/RUUDLQH$:LOOLDPV%HFNWLWOHG The peninsular Maya’s XQ¿QLVKHG VSLULWXDO FRQTXHVW The author continues with the topic of indigenous responses WR WKH LGHRORJLFDO DQG UHOLJLRXV FKDQJHV EURXJKW WR WKH<XFDWDQ3HQLQVXOD E\ WKH FRQTXHVW :LOOLDPV%HFNFRQFHQWUDWHVRQWKHVXEMHFWRIUHOLJLRXVIXVLRQDQGV\QFUHWLVPDVZHOODVWKH FRQWLQXLW\RISUH&ROXPELDQHOHPHQWVLQFRORQLDODUWDUFKLWHFWXUHDQGEHOLHIVLQWKH<XFDWDQ 3HQLQVXOD IRFXVLQJ RQ WKH PXQLFLSDO VHDW FKXUFK DQG FRQYHQW FRPSOH[ LQ RQH DXWRQRPRXV political jurisdiction near the Spanish viceregal administrative seat in Mérida, and other LQGLJHQRXVFRPPXQLW\FKXUFKHVXQGHUWKLVDQG7L]LPLQ¶V0LVVLRQVHFFOHVLDVWLFDOMXULVGLFWLRQLQ the northeastern peninsular Maya hinterlands. The study suggests a more autonomously derived divine substrate to characterize Maya religious practice – rather than a Roman Catholic and 0D\DV\QFUHWLVPRU&DWKROLFV\QWKHVLVRIDXWRQRPRXVSKLORVRSK\±DQGSRLQWWRDQXQ¿QLVKHG
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    Book Disentangling bare nouns and nominals introduced by a partitive article IHSANE, Tabea (Ed.) Abstract The volume Disentangling Bare Nouns and Nominals Introduced by a Partitive Article, edited by Tabea Ihsane, focuses on different aspects of the distribution, semantics, and internal structure of nominal constituents with a “partitive article” in its indefinite interpretation and of potentially corresponding bare nouns. It further deals with diachronic issues, such as grammaticalization and evolution in the use of “partitive articles”. The outcome is a snapshot of current research into “partitive articles” and the way they relate to bare nouns, in a cross-linguistic perspective and on new data: the research covers noteworthy data (fieldwork data and corpora) from Standard languages - like French and Italian, but also German - to dialectal and regional varieties, including endangered ones like Francoprovençal. Reference IHSANE, Tabea (Ed.). Disentangling bare nouns and nominals introduced by a partitive article. Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2020 DOI : 10.1163/9789004437500 Available at: http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:145202 Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version. 1 / 1 Disentangling Bare Nouns and Nominals Introduced by a Partitive Article - 978-90-04-43750-0 Downloaded from PubFactory at 10/29/2020 05:18:23PM via Bibliotheque de Geneve, Bibliotheque de Geneve, University of Geneva and Universite de Geneve Syntax & Semantics Series Editor Keir Moulton (University of Toronto, Canada) Editorial Board Judith Aissen (University of California, Santa Cruz) – Peter Culicover (The Ohio State University) – Elisabet Engdahl (University of Gothenburg) – Janet Fodor (City University of New York) – Erhard Hinrichs (University of Tubingen) – Paul M.
  • "On the Relations of Canaanite Exploration to Pre-Historic Classic

    "On the Relations of Canaanite Exploration to Pre-Historic Classic

    176 ON THE RELATIONS OF CANAANITE EXPLORATION These inecriptions, and the bas-reliefs on the monument called Kamna Hurmill, in Crelo-Syria, near the source of the Orontes, and possibly of the same pe1·iod, are an enigma, as yet, to the most learned Orientaliots. It is to be hoped, however, now that attention is again called to the subject, that the clue may be found that shall unlock their meaning, and that Northern 8yI"ia will be no longer overlooked by tho explorer. DISCOVERY AT THE l\IOSQUE EL AKS.A, JERUSALEM.-llo A DISCOVERY of considerable interest has been made in this :Mosque by the Rev. J. Neil, who has only recently gone to Jerusalem for the Society for the Conversion of the Jews. "In the Mosque of El Aksa," he writes, "you will remember that there is a long plain room opening out at the south-east angle, called the Mosque of Omar, in which the only object of interest whatever is a recess supported by two twisted pillars, and called the Mihrab, or Praying-place of Omar. You may, perhaps, remember that the pillars on each side of this recess, of Solomonic twisted pattern and polished marble, appear to have been turned upside down, and to have their capitals of greyish stone in broken leaf-like patterns below. On vi~iting this the day before yesterday, July 5th, I discovered that a great part of the yellowish plaster had been removed from the top of these pillars, and that rich grotesquely carved capitals were exposed to view in an admirable state of preserva­ tion.
  • Downloads/SR324-Atural%20 Disasters%20As%20Threats%20To%20 Peace.Pdf

    Downloads/SR324-Atural%20 Disasters%20As%20Threats%20To%20 Peace.Pdf

    The Bedan Research Journal (BERJ) publishes empirical, theoretical, and policy-oriented researches on various field of studies such as arts, business, economics, humanities, health, law, management, politics, psychology, sociology, theology, and technology for the advancement of knowledge and promote the common good of humanity and society towards a sustainable future. BERJ is a double-blind peer-reviewed multidisciplinary international journal published once a year, in April, both online and printed versions. Copyright © 2020 by San Beda University All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without written permission from the copyright owner ISSN: 1656-4049 Published by San Beda University 638 Mendiola St., San Miguel, Manila, Philippines Tel No.: 735-6011 local 1384 Email: [email protected] Website: http://www.sanbeda.edu.ph Editorial Board Divina M. Edralin Editor-in-Chief San Beda University, Manila, Philippines Nomar M. Alviar Managing Editor San Beda University, Manila, Philippines Ricky C. Salapong Editorial Assistant San Beda University, Manila, Philippines International Advisory Board Oscar G. Bulaong, Jr. Ateneo Graduate School of Business, Makati City, Philippines Christian Bryan S. Bustamante San Beda University, Manila, Philippines Li Choy Chong University of St. Gallen, Switzerland Maria Luisa Chua Delayco Asian Institute of Management, Makati City, Philippines Brian C. Gozun De La Salle University, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines Raymund B. Habaradas De La Salle University, Taft Avenue, Manila, Philippines Ricardo A. Lim Asian Institute of Management, Makati City, Philippines Aloysius Ma. A. Maranan, OSB San Beda University, Manila, Philippines John A.
  • Crisostomo-Main Menu.Pdf

    Crisostomo-Main Menu.Pdf

    APPETIZERS Protacio’s Pride 345 Baked New Zealand mussels with garlic and cheese Bagumbayan Lechon 295 Lechon kawali chips with liver sauce and spicy vinegar dip Kinilaw ni Custodio 295 Kinilaw na tuna with gata HOUSE SPECIAL KIDS LOVE IT! ALL PRICES ARE 12% VAT INCLUSIVE AND SUBJECTIVE TO 10% SERVICE CHARGE Tinapa ni Tiburcio 200 310 Smoked milkfish with salted egg Caracol Ginataang kuhol with kangkong wrapped in crispy lumpia wrapper Tarsilo Squid al Jillo 310 Sautéed baby squid in olive oil with chili and garlic HOUSE SPECIAL KIDS LOVE IT! ALL PRICES ARE 12% VAT INCLUSIVE AND SUBJECTIVE TO 10% SERVICE CHARGE Calamares ni Tales 325 Fried baby squid with garlic mayo dip and sweet chili sauce Mang Pablo 385 Crispy beef tapa Paulita 175 Mangga at singkamas with bagoong Macaraig 255 Bituka ng manok AVAILABLE IN CLASSIC OR SPICY Bolas de Fuego 255 Deep-fried fish and squid balls with garlic vinegar, sweet chili, and fish ball sauce HOUSE SPECIAL KIDS LOVE IT! ALL PRICES ARE 12% VAT INCLUSIVE AND SUBJECTIVE TO 10% SERVICE CHARGE Lourdes 275 Deep-fried baby crabs SEASONAL Sinuglaw Tarsilo 335 Kinilaw na tuna with grilled liempo Lucas 375 Chicharon bulaklak at balat ng baboy SIZZLING Joaquin 625 Tender beef bulalo with mushroom gravy Sisig Linares 250 Classic sizzling pork sisig WITH EGG 285 Victoria 450 Setas Salpicao 225 Sizzling salmon belly with sampalok sauce Sizzling button mushroom sautéed in garlic and olive oil KIDS LOVE IT! ALL PRICES ARE 12% VAT INCLUSIVE AND SUBJECTIVE TO 10% SERVICE CHARGE Carriedo 385 Sautéed shrimp gambas cooked