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Zemes Un Vides Zinātnes Earth and Environment Sciences LATVIJAS UNIVERSITĀTES RAKSTI 679. SĒJUMS Zemes un vides zinātnes ACTA UNIVERSITATIS LATVIENSIS VOLUME 679 Earth and Environment Sciences LLU-raksti-679_titullapas.inddU-raksti-679_titullapas.indd 1 002.12.20042.12.2004 116:28:456:28:45 ACTA UNIVERSITATIS LATVIENSIS VOLUME 679 679. SĒJUMS Earth and Environment Sciences The Second Gross Symposium “Advances of Palaeoichthyology” LATVIJAS UNIVERSITÂTE LLU-raksti-679_titullapas.inddU-raksti-679_titullapas.indd 2 002.12.20042.12.2004 116:28:456:28:45 LATVIJAS UNIVERSITĀTES RAKSTI 679. SĒJUMS Zemes un vides zinātnes Otrais Grosa simpozijs “Paleoihtioloģijas sasniegumi” LATVIJAS UNIVERSITÂTE LLU-raksti-679_titullapas.inddU-raksti-679_titullapas.indd 3 002.12.20042.12.2004 116:28:456:28:45 UDK 567(082)+554 Ze 556 Editor-in-Chief Prof. Vitālijs Zelčs – University of Latvia Guest editor Assoc. prof. Ervīns Lukševičs – University of Latvia Editorial Board of Acta Universitatis Latviensis, ser. Earth and Environment Sciences Prof. Māris Kļaviņš – University of Latvia Assoc. prof. Zaiga Krišjāne – University of Latvia Prof. Māris Laiviņš – University of Latvia Assoc. prof. Viesturs Melecis – University of Latvia Prof. Oļģerts Nikodemus – University of Latvia Assoc. prof. Valdis Segliņš – University of Latvia Assoc. prof. Pēteris Šķiņķis – University of Latvia Advisory Board of Acta Universitatis Latviensis, ser. Earth and Environment Sciences Prof. Lars Bengt Ake Bergman – University of Stockholm Prof. Edmunds Bunkše – Doctor honoris causa of University of Latvia Prof. Emeritus Aleksis Dreimanis – University of Western Ontario Prof. Emeritus Guntis Eberhards – University of Latvia Prof. Tomas Lunden – University of Stockholm All the papers published in the present volume have been reviewed No part of the volume may be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the publisher ISSN 1407-2157© Latvijas Universitāte, 2004 ISBN 9984-770-47-8 AUL1-labots.P654 02.12.2004, 15:47 Contents Ervīns Lukševičs and Ģirts Stinkulis. Second Gross Symposium: Advances in Palaeoichthyology10 Olga B. Afanassieva. Microrelief on the exoskeleton of some early Osteostracans (Agnatha): preliminary analysis of its significance14 David K.Elliott, Elga Mark-Kurik, and Edward Daeschler. A revision of Obruchevia (Psammosteida: Heterostraci) and a description of a new obrucheviid from the Late Devonian of the Canadian Arctic 22 C. Giles Miller, Tiiu Märss, and Henning Blom. New anaspid material from the Late Silurian of Britain and Estonia 46 Hans-Peter Schultze and Tiiu Märss. Revisiting Lophosteus, a primitive osteichthyan 57 Oleg A. Lebedev. A new tetrapod Jakubsonia livnensis from the Early Famennian (Devonian) of Russia and palaeoecological remarks on the Late Devonian tetrapod habitats 79 Ervīns Lukševičs and Ivars Zupiņš. Sedimentology, fauna, and taphonomy of the Pavāri site, Late Devonian of Latvia 99 Juozas Valiukevičius. Silurian acanthodian succession of the Lūžņi-4 borehole (Latvia) 119 Vincent N.Pernegre and Vincent G.Dupret. Evidence of biostratigraphic correlations within the Wood Bay Formation (Lower Devonian, Spitsbergen)148 Živile Žigaite. A new thelodont from Lower Silurian of Tuva and north-west Mongolia158 AUL1-labots.P655 02.12.2004, 15:47 Saturs Ervīns Lukševičs un Ģirts Stinkulis. Otrais V. Grosa simpozijs: Paleoihtioloģijas sasniegumi7 Olga B. Afanasjeva. Dažu agrīno kaulvairodžu ārējā skeleta mikroreljefs: tā nozīmīguma sākotnējā analīze21 Deivids K.Eliots, Elga Mark-Kurika un Edvards Dešlers. Ģints Obruchevia (Psammosteida: Heterostraci) revīzija un jauna obručevīdu suga no Arktiskās Kanādas vēlā devona45 Džails Millers, Tīju Mjarss un Hennings Bloms. Jauns anaspīdu materiāls no Lielbritānijas un Igaunijas vēlā silūra56 Hans-Peters Šulce un Tīju Mjarss. Primitīvās kaulzivs Lophosteus revīzija77 Oļegs Ļebedjevs. Jauna tetrapodu suga Jakubsonia livnensis no Krievijas agrā Famenas laikmeta (devons) un piezīmes par vēlā devona tetrapodu paleoekoloģiju98 Ervīns Lukševičs un Ivars Zupiņš. Vēlā devona zivju un tetrapodu fauna no Pavāru atradnes un fosīliju sedimentoloģiski tafonomiskā izpēte119 Jozas Vaļukevičs. Silūra akantožu kompleksi no urbuma Lūžņi-4 (Latvija)147 Vinsents Pernē un Vinsents Djuprē. Vūdbejas formācijas biostratigrāfiskā korelācija (apakšējais devons, Špicbergena)157 Živile Žigaite. Jauna telodontu ģints un suga no Tuvas un ziemeļrietumu Mongolijas apakšējā silūra165 AUL1-labots.P656 02.12.2004, 15:47 ACTA UNIVERSITATIS LATVIENSIS, 2004, Vol. 679, pp. 7-13 Otrais V. Grosa simpozijs: Paleoihtioloģijas sasniegumi ERVĪNS LUKŠEVIČS un ĢIRTS STINKULIS Geoloģijas nodaļa, Geogrāfijas un Zemes zinātņu fakultāte, Latvijas Universitāte, Raiņa bulvāris 19, Rīga, LV-1586; [email protected]; [email protected]. 2003. gada nogalē paleontologu saime atzīmēja 100 gadus kopš dzimis izcilais paleozoologs Valters Roberts Gross (Walter Robert Gross). Viņa liktenis ļoti raksturīgs dinamiskajam un dramatisku pārmaiņu pilnajam XX gadsimtam. V. Gross bijis vairāku izzudušo valstu pilsonis – dzimis Krievijas impērijas Livlandes guberņā, dzīvojis Veimaras republikā, Trešajā reihā, Vācijas Demokrātiskā republikā; ilgu laiku bijis arī jaundzimušās Latvijas republikas pilsonis, bet muža beigās kļuvis par Federatīvās Vācijas pilsoni (Schultze 1996). Dzimis 1903. gada 20. augustā Katlakalnā, baltvācu luterāņu mācītāja Ervina Johanna Grosa ģimenē. No 1907. līdz 1918. gadam Grosu ģimene, kurā bija 9 bērni, dzīvojusi Straupē, pastorātā netālu no Straupes pils un baznīcas. Krāšņā daba Straupes apkaimē jau bērnībā modinājusi Valtera dvēselē dabaspētnieku. Viņš interesējies par augiem un dzīvniekiem, vācis herbārijus, vērojis putnus. Savos memuāros V. Gross (1974) atcerējies, ka jau piecu gadu vecumā nolēmis kļūt par zoologu. Pusaudža gados interešu lokā nonākuši izmirušie dzīvnieki, kuru atliekas V. Gross atradis Braslas krastu atsegumos un jau 17 gadu vecumā sācis veidot nopietnas paleontoloģiskas kolekcijas. Būdams vēl ļoti jauns, 1921. gadā Valters iestājies Rīgas Dabaspētnieku biedrībā. Nodibinājās kontakti ar biedrības muzeju, kuram V. Gross vēlāk nodevis paleontoloģiskos materiālus un kuri joprojām glabājas Latvijas Dabas muzeja krājumā (Lukševičs 2002). Kā lojāls Latvijas valsts pilsonis 1923.-24. gadā V. Gross dienējis Latvijas bruņotajos spēkos. Pēc dienesta pārcēlies uz Vāciju, kur pavadījis visu atlikušo mūžu, izņemot īsākus vai garākus ceļojumus. Sekoja studijas Mārburgas universitātē, kur viņam bija jāizdara grūta izvēle starp zooloģiju un paleontoloģiju, bet 1929. gadā nācās pārcelties uz Berlīni un turpināt studijas A. Humbolta Universitātā. Studiju gados Gross turpinājis vākt un pētīt mugurkaulnieku atliekas no devona nogulumiežu atsegumiem Gaujas un tās pieteku krastos. Būdams tikai IV kursa students, 1928. gada 24. septembrī Rīgas Dabaspētnieku biedrības sēdē viņš ziņojis par savu pētījumu rezultātiem (Lukševičs 2002). Savācis visai reprezentatīvu bruņuzivs Asterolepis ornata atlieku kolekciju, Gross samērā precīzi rekonstruējis vairākas bruņu plātnes un bruņu “kārbu” kopumā, izlabojot dažu iepriekšējo pētnieku kļūdas (Gross, 1931). 1931. gadā par šo darbu V. Grosam piešķirts filozofijas doktora grāds; viņš kļūst arī par Rīgas Dabaspētnieku biedrības korespondētājlocekli. Pētījumu turpinājumam saņemts finansējums grantu veidā no Vācijas zinātnes “glābšanas asociācijas” (vēlāk – Vācijas Zinātnes fonds). Pateicoties tam, varēja iegādāties mikroskopu histoloģiskiem pētījumiem, kā arī publicēt virkni nozīmīgu darbu, AUL1-labots.P657 02.12.2004, 15:47 8 ADVANCES IN PALAEOICHTHYOLOGY kuri iznākuši no 1931. līdz 1935. gadam. Lielākoties šīs publikācijas veltītas devona zivīm, galvenokārt no Baltijas. Apkopojis savas 1931. gada ekspedīcijas materiālus, kā arī izmantojot latviešu ģeologa un paleontologa Nikolaja Delles un viņa igauņu kolēģa Kārļa Orviku vākumus, V. Gross (1933) publicējis plašu un ļoti nozīmīgu darbu par Baltijas devona zivīm, kurā izdalījis 12 jaunas sugas. Kopš 1936. gada Gross ieņēma docenta vietu Humbolta Universitātē, bet kopš 1943. gada – asociētā profesora vietu (Schultze 1996). Arī tolaik viņš uzturēja kontaktus ar Baltijas ģeologiem un Rīgas Dabaspētnieku biedrības vadību, šajā laikā iznākušas vairākas Grosa publikācijas, kurās viņš apraksta Igaunijas un Latvijas bruņuzivis, akantodes un daivspurzivis (Gross 1940, 1941). Otrā pasaules kara vidū profesoru Grosu iesauca reiha armijā, kurā viņš dienējis līdz kara beigām; ticis internēts kā kara gūsteknis, atbrīvots 1946. gadā. Tikai 1949. gadā V. Gross atgriezies Berlīnes Humbolta Universitātē, jau Vācijas Demokrātiskajā republikā, kur 1950. gadā kļuvis par paleontoloģijas profesoru, ģeoloģijas-paleontoloģijas institūta un Dabas muzeja paleontoloģijas sekcijas direktoru. Pēc bēdīgi slavenā Berlīnes mūra uzcelšanas 1961. gada augusta beigās Valters Gross ar kundzi Ursulu ieradās Hamburgā, kur notika Vācijas paleontoloģijas biedrības gadskārtējā sanāksme. Tā kā Grosu bērni jau atradās Rietumos, tika akceptēts profesora Šindevolfa priekšlikums V. Grosam ieņemt asociētā profesora amatu Tībingenē (Schultze 1996). Viņa zinātniskā aktivitāte ir saglabājusies, publicēta virkne rakstu par zivju un bezžokļeņu mikroskopiskajām atliekām – zobiem un zvīņām, veltot uzmanību ne tikai to ārējai morfoloģijai, bet arī histoloģiskajai uzbūvei. V. Gross pensionējās 1969. gadā, tad arī viņam konstatēja vēzi. Tomēr viņš aktīvi turpināja zinātnisko darbu līdz pat 1973. gada beigām. V. Gross miris 1974. gada jūnijā. Daudzas publikācijas (to kopskaits sniedzas pāri par 90) jau 1950. gados padarījušas V. Grosa vārdu pazīstamu plašās
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