NOW AVAILABLE! A NEW BOOK FROM ROCKY MOUNTAIN PUBLISHING, INC. MRG'S GUIDE TO RAILWAY EXPRESS hyV. S. Roseman

I J 128 Pages • $12.95 retail A comprehensive study of the Railway Express Agency ... its history, equipment, practices and operations. During the days when "Travel by Train " was the norm, REA was "the" way to ship it. Author V. S. Roseman follows REA up through its final days. Also includes specific information for modeling REA. ORDER YOUR COPIES NOW! WRITE TO: Rocky Mountain Publishing 2929 Blake Street Denver, Colorado 80205

Call 1-800-736-0427 or fax 303-295-6477 for credit card orders. Please include $2.25 shipping and handling. Denver residents add 7.3% sales tax, Colorado residents add 3.8% sales tax. April 1993 VOLUME 23 NUMBER 4

Photo by Rick Shoup

FEATURES 14 SHORTLINE ADVENTURES: GEORGIA NORTHEASTERN RAILROAD - PART I by Larry Smith 18 GP35s: ENHANCING KATO'S LATEST GEEPby Jim Six 24 'S B40·8 "SAFETY BOATS" by Ed Sanicky 26 MODELING MODERN INTERMODAL - 89' PIGGYBACK FLATS: THE KTTX AND WTTX TRAILER FLATS (AND FRJENDS) by Jim Mansfield 32 PENNSYLVANIA GLa/GLg HOPPERS by John G. Teichmocller 39 BUILDING THE EAST BROAD TOP RAIL CAR IN HOn30 by Dr. Allan Kaufman 40 BRJAN AND DAVE MORRlS'S OAK CREEK AND SOUTHWESTERN RAILROAD by David H. Morris 44 COAL DUMPERS - PART I: AN OVERVIEW AND A LOOK ATTHE PORT READING FACILITY by V. S. Roseman 52 ON TRACK: THE GAME OF CHESS WITH NO CHECKMATE by Jim Mansfield 54 BEHIND THE SCENES: A ROCK IN TlME...PART IV by Margaret Mansfield 56 SMART TREES by Bill Hende!>on 58 DIESEL DETAIL CLOSE·UP: SOUTHERN EMD SD45 by Rich Picariello 81 WORM ·GEAR DRIVE FOR A FRISCO DECAPOD by Rick C. Shoup DEPARTMENTS 4 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 12 SOCIETY PAGE 65 YOUR TREK PLAN 5 EDITORJAL 13 RAIL PROJECT RESEARCH 67 DEALER DIRECTORY 6 NEW PRODUCTS 53 VIDEO REVIEW 71 SHOPPING GUIDE 9 PRODUCT REVIEWS 61 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS 78 ADVERTISER INDEX ABOUT THE COVER The stockyard dominates this side of the mainline on Brian and Dave Morris's Oak Creek and Southwestern. You can bet the workers across the main in the inlcrmodal facility pray for favorable winds. Rugged southwestern terrain prevails on this fathcr·and-son JayouL Photo by Bruct Nail. INSET: Jim Six discusses how he modeled this pair of Kata GP35s slarting on page 18. One began as a factory-painted model , the other Wldccoratoo. Photo by Jim Six. TO THE EDITOR

Modeling Modem Inlermodcls More on Inlermodcl

Dear Sir, Dear Randy, I would like to commend you on your fme article on modern intermodaIs I applaud Model Railroading for running the "Modeling Modem Inter ~ (Dec. '92). They truly are a great source of enjoyment for the modeling modal" series. Whilc I am not a nit-picker in general, e.g., my engines (I enthusiast. I live a few miles away from a Grand Trunk Western intcrmodal model BN & CR) do not have windshield wipers nor are they weathered­ huh. The yards is a flurry of activity and a great source to see a variety of Did I hear Jim Six shriek? - Although when it comes to intennodal. I do containers, trailers and double stacks not ordinarily seen on a freight train. pay a great amount of altenlion to details. I have been studying the intcr­ The intermodal makes for a great model in any scale and should not be left modal scene in depth for at least the last five years, so when I pick Mr. out of your model railroad world. I look forward to reading more on inter­ Bontrager's article(s) apart, r do it as conslructivc criticism and to hopefully modals in your future issues. make us "intermodalers" morc detail conscious to both the prototypes and our models. Alan Shulak The two biggest no-no's I can spot (other than the Athearn Impack cars) Southfield, MI are the reporting marks on two of Davc's trailers and the photo of Quan­ tum/lB. Hunt45' trailers. Item 1: The xcru and CSXU reporting marks do not go on trailers - these are domestic 48' container reporting marks: XCTU = XTRA "con­ FlcHenlng TIres tainer train" 48' containers. CSXU = CSX Intennodal's (CSXI) 48' con­ tainers. Also the vertical XTRA logo always goes on the right end on the Dear Randy, trailer side. This goes for both curb and driver sides. I enclose my renewal for another year. I am enjoying the "Modeling Item 2: J. B. Hunt/Quantum trailers are always 48' in length, and I might Modem Intcrmodal" series very much, and the information contained is add, get those shots of Quantum trailers now. Santa Fe is gobbling most useful- Spot on! thcse up fast, SFfX 280000 series. 1. B. Hunt runs three lengths of trailers: Here is a simple trick some of your readers might like to try. When a 28',48' and 53', but this could be discussed in a J. B. Hunt article. vehicle tire contacts the road, there is always a Oat bit at the bottom, the I sincerely feellhat Mr. Bontrager needs a technical adviser/editor for his extcnt of which depends upon the load on the tire and the tire pressure. series. He is doing a good thing by presenting this series but it certainly (Flatlires have the biggest!) Plastic modcls of tires are usually perfectly needs an "expert in intermodal's" touch La be accurate. round, and therefore have a point contact; this always seems to look unreal­ istic. Ycars ago when I built plastic airplanc modcls, I used to press the John L. Becker plastic lire onto a heated knife blade to create the Oat spot. I think this Editor,/nlermodalTransport Modeler would be a good idea for our model trailers and tractors. Biglerville, PA Persons wishing to try this could usc their soldering iron to heat a bit of metal. A little practice is needed La find the right heat and thc right amount of pressure to fonn the flat. If you go too far, the plastic will actually bulge (Dave's response follows, but first /' d like to pain! out that J consider Dave to out like a real Oat! Easy docs it. be my "expert in in1eflnodal" if such a person exists. Dave and the other Keep up the good work. authors who are working on the series go to great lengths to ensure that the prototypc information they provide is as accurate as possible, and they John G. Troller regularly confer with other recognized "experts." Because of the compro­ Saskatoon. Saskatchewan, Canada mises often made in modeling, J would remind readers that only prototype photos, and not model photos, should or can be used to verify prototype practices wilh certainty. - Randy) MRG Has More Useful Articles

Dear Randy, Randy, Your timing is impeccable. I went to my local hobby shop (The Model To adequately respond to the letter from John Becker I will necd to Railroad Shop) here in Piscataway today needing only a tube of Crazy address his comments item by item. Gencrall y speaking, Mr. Becker is cor­ Glue. rect, bu t I believe he is somewhat misinfonned en a few items. Where there, I noticed the February issue of Model Railroading in the Item I: The vertical XTRA logo is indeed incorrectly located, no excuses, rack and I had not received my issue at home yet. Made up my mind to I made a mistake. And I was using photos! Althe time, r was decaling phone when I got home and find out what happened. I also checked Jack's about 15 vans at once and erroneously placed the logo at the wrong end. backorder book for any recent material I had on order. Rather than strip the model T just let it go. Onc's mistakcs always come Le and behold, there was my South River Modelworks Treadwell Textile back to haunt one. I am very well aware of the "U" and "z" designations in kit. After getting home and starting La read their tome they call an instruction the rcporting marks on containers and vans. I decal so many vans and con­ book, the mailman carne by. Guess what - my February issue of Model Rail­ tainers (correctly) that I have an enormous surplus of reporting marks and roading and more timely. Larry Smith's article about TIrreadwell Textile. numbers. Once in a while I'll decal a batch of generic vans using nothing After dcvowing your mag and listing those key articles that I want to but this surplus sLock. Yes thcy are wrong, but in actual operation in mass make copies of for my special file, I found my list of great, vital. highly they look right simply because no one actually reads the tiny data on indi­ necessary articles to be longer than the list I had last week which came vidual vans or containers. I call this "visual illusion." I don't promote inac­ from Model Railroader. Railroad Model Craftsman and Railmodel Journal curate modeling, but selective visual illusion is acceptable. In the March combined. 1993 issue of MRG Bill Arseneau had an artic1e on building a 86' nat and Kudos to Larry Smith. More kudos to you for what is becoming my pre­ two 40' vans which werc leuercd 89' and 45' respectively. Is this bad? Not mier model railroading magazine. really. As a magazine we need to address a wide basc of hobbyists. Some modelers simply don't care to kitbash; some are on vcry limited budgelS. If Walter Rodgers I can help someone stretch their hobby dollars by using leftover Somerville, NJ (Conl;nued onpage38.)

4 • Model Railroading April 1993 Publishers S. S. Danielsen, Nick Siegel

Executive Editor Randall B. Lee Contributing Editors EDITORIAL Scott Anderson David A. Bontrager, Patrick Lawson Jim and Margaret MansHeld Georgo Melvin Rich Picariello Larry J. Puckett Jim Six April Fool Larry E. Smith W. Terry Stuart

AdVB~iajng or those of you who were trying to find Rick Shoup's article, "Wonn-Gear Drive Susan Goggin F for a Frisco Decapod," on page 81 of an 80-page magazine ... go/cha! Rick scnt Typography me the touched-up photo that appears on the Table of Contents page a while back. I Kristin Doughty decided that if I was going to use it, it would have to be in the April issue. The photo

Proofreeder was taken a number of years ago at the Illinois Railway Museum at Union, IL. The Rachael Amos "worm gear" was drawn on the original 8" x 10" color print. I hope it will serve as a reminder that we're supposed to be having fun! In my January editorial I mentioned my fear that the Santa Fe layout in the Museum of Science and Industry in Chicago might be tom out to make way for a United Airlines Model Railroading is published 12 limes a year by 727. Many of our readers decided to write the museum to express their concerns. I can Rocky Mountain Publi shing, Inc., 2929 Blake SI., Den­ ver, CO 80205, (303) 292.{) 124. Price per single copy is now update you on what is happening. The following infonnation has been extracted $2.95 in U. S. A. Subscriptions are $30.00 in the U.S.A. from a letter sent to one of our readers by a museum representative. The letter is dated or $38.50 in Canada (or foreign) - payable in U.S. February 16, 1993. funds. Unsolicited manuscripts or photographs should 1) "On the first floor, in the space now occupied by the Santa Fe model, will be the be accompanied by return postage and Rocky Moun­ tain Publishing. Inc . assumos no responsibility for the New York Central '999' and the Burlington Pioneer Zephyr that are now displayed out­ loss or damage of such material. No part of this publi­ side." The lellcr went on to indicate that they do not plan to keep the Santa Fe 2903 and ca tion may be reprinted without written permission from are having discussions with potential future owners. the publishers. Printed in U.S.A. The information contained in the various articles in 2) "The '999' and Pioneer Zephyr will be moved in and restored beginning later this this magazine is presented in good faith , but no warranty year." The Boeing 727 will be attached to the balcony level and loom over the trains. is given, no results guaranteed, nOf is any freedom from This exhibit is scheduled to open in late 1994. any patent or copyright to be inferred. Since we have no control over the physical conditions surrounding the 3) "It would not be possible to dismantle the current model and reconstruct it at application of information in this magazine, Rocky another site - its base is solid concrete. We are hoping to use some of its components, Mou ntain Publishing, Inc. and the various authors and however, to develop a model that could serve as a temporary exhibit during the period editors disclaim any liability for untoward results and/or between the removal of the current model and the construction of a new one." for any physical injury incurred by using the Information herein. It would appear from the letter that the layout, at least as it has been viewed over the past 50-pl us years, is soon to be history. Although the letter indicated that the museum CoPfTighte 1993 by Rocky Mcontain Publishing, Inc. is having "discussions with Santa Fe about constructing a new model featuring more advanced technology," they have not yet finalized any plans. There was no mention of Advertising where this "new model" might be located or what they mean by "more advanced tech­ For advertising information contact Susan Goggin at 800-736-0427 or 303-292-01 24. nology." Since the layout has recently undergone an extensive renovation with new, state-of-the-art electronics being added, it would appear they may be looking for a lay­ Subscriptions Bnd Book Ordera out that is futuristic in concept. For subscriptions and/or book orders, please send From other sources I have learned that the funding being donated for the restoration inquiries to Rocky Mountain Publishing, atlention Circula­ of the "999" and the Zephyr has inside storage as a condition of the grant. tion, 2929 Blake Street, Denver, Colorado 80205 or call I wish I could tell you that this too has been an April Fools' joke, but it looks like the 1-0CXl-73&0427 ootside mebo Denver area. In metro Denver call (303) 292·0124. Visa or Mastercard accepted. FAX museum's Santa Fe layout is about to become nothing more than a memory ... albeit a (303) 295-6477. pleasant one. It will be missed. If you still want your feelings to be known, why not drop a note to the President, Model Railroading (ISSN 0199-1914) is published 12 Chicago Museum of Science and Industry, 57th St. and Lake Shore Dr., Ch icago, IL timos a year at $30.00 per year in U.S.A., $38.50 in 60637-2093. Canada, by Rocky Mountain Publishing , Inc . at 2929 Blake Sireet, Denver, Colorado 80205. 2nd Class postage paid at Denver, Colorado. Canadian Second Class Permit 119591.

t4Randy Lee Executi ve Edi tor Postmaster send address changes (0 Rocky Mountain Publishing, Inc .. 2929 Blako Street, Denver, Colorado 80205.

April '1993 Model Railroading • 5 NE W PRODUCTS · NEW PRODUCTS . NEW PRODUCTS . NEW PRODUCTS THE SANDHOUSE A Product News Column

Editor's Note: Please lalk to your dealer first regarding any new products. If you would like additional information from the manufacturer, please don't forget to include a number ten, self-addressed. stamped envelope. This will help all concerned. Thanks.

HO Scale

American Limited Models, P.O. Box 7803, maker/diner combination building placed on the wharf, a lighthouse and a Fremont, CA 94537, is now offering a working boat repair dock. The boat repair dock includes a boat ramp. Kit includes diaphram kit (#9000) for streamlined passen­ over 200 detail parts, colored signs and brass etched parts (which include ger cars. Molded in gray styrene, each lobster traps and a scale lobster). Wall sections arc laser cut. Requires rnini­ diaphram is made of seven parts: a striker mum space of 15" x 15". Retail $135.00. plate, inner and outer bellows and four bar springs. The striker platc is shaped like an ACF Depots by John, P.O. Box 23011, Milwaukee, WI 53223, has added the diaphram. but it can be lIimmcd to represent following cast-resin kits to their line: either a Pullman or Budd. Each diaphram mea­ • 87-113 Trackside Utility Buildings - These structures, based on Mil­ sures a scale 15" in the extended position and waukee Road prototypes, include an outside-braced wood/coal will compress to a scale 9"; this provides a shed, a srnall tool shed and an elevated fuel-oil tank ... $17.95. "working" range of 12" per pair which should • 87-114 Scale House - A six-sided Fairbanks-Morse design ... $8.95. permit adequate movement to accommodate • 87-115 Manned Crossing Gate Tower - The proto­ curves and coupler slack. They can be mounted type for this kit is located in Wauwatosa, WL..519.95. direclly on Athearn streamliners and arc com­ patible with any stTeamline car. A version for Detail Associates, P.O. Box 5357, San Luis Obispo, CA 93403, has heavyweight cars and diesel cabs is planned. added the fonowing detail parts to their line: Relail $3.95/pair plus $1.00 shipping per order. • 501 Bo,car detail kit for 40' Sleel SO/DO (for C&BT Shops bo,· car) ... $10.50 • 2013 Winterization hatch -48' fan (GP9 & GPI8) ... $2.00/ea. • 2014 Wintcrization hatch -48' fan (GP/SD60) ... $2.00/ea. • 2513 Brass round wire- .0625 dia .... $2.50/6 • 2530 Brass flat bar wire - .015 x .060 ... $2.50/6 • 6229 Covered hopper outlet, gravity ... $2.00/4 • 6235 Drcadnaught4/5 boxcar end ... $I.75/pr. • 6236 Dreadnaught5/5 bo,car end ... $I.75/pr.

Microscale Industries, P.O. Box 11950, Costa Mesa, CA 92627, has the Atlas, 378 Florence Ave., Hillside, NJ 07205, has released a new run of following decals now available in HO scale: their Kato-produced ALCo Century units. Phase I C424 units are being • 87·731 Sea Land Containers 40' Reefer, 40' Smooth Side and 45' offered as: undecorated, Erie Lackawanna (black & yellow) and Conrail. Corrugated Phase II C424 units as: undecorated, CN (sergeant stripes) and BN. C425 • 87·732 TTX Thrall 4-Unit Double-Stack Cars Drawbar Connected units as: undecorated, New Haven (black), BC Rail (two-tone green with -1991+ lightning stripe) and N&W (black). Each scheme is offered with two road • 87·733 CP Rail Diesel Locos - 1969+ numbers. Retail $99.95. • 87·734 Burlington Route (CB&Q) 40' Wood Boxcars - 1915· '70 • 87·735 C&NW Fowler 40' Wood Boxcars -1914·'59 • 87·736 GATX Freight Cars - Tank Car and Airslide Hopper- 1970+ • 87·737 CP Rail Loco Multimarks -Mid-'70s to Date • 87·738 CP Rail Locomotive 8" Stripes - Mid-'70s to Date • 87·739 North American Chemical Hoppers - 1992+ • 87·740 Comail Quality Locos SD60M, GPIO, SWI200 -1992+ • 87·741 Greenbricr Intcrmodal Husky-Stack Cars - 1990+ • 87·742 50' Coil Steel Cars - Iowa Interstate, Conrail, C&NW, LR&W -1969+ • MC·4075 CSX Bay Window Cabooses - 1991+ • MC-4076 63' and 66' Liquid PClroleum Gas Tank Cars - 1990 • MC-4077 UP 57' Mechanical Reefers - Late '80s • MC·4078 EMD SD40·3MPR Demonstrator Loco -1992+ These HO scale decals arc available for 53.75 each.

PikestuIICo., 4841 University Dr., Suite 240, Evansville, IN 47712, has addcd kit #102, "U & K Plastics,"lO their linc of modem structures. The Builders In Scale, P.O. Box 441432, Aurora, CO 80044, has released kit builds a factory-type building which measures 70' wide by 60' deep their Tidewater Wharf kit (#9). It includes three buildings - a sail with an attached two-story office which is 50' widc by 40' deep. Kit can

B • Model Railroading April 1993 EW PRODUCTS . rv PROD • easily be reduced in 20' increments for smaller spaces. It is molded in a home POTts. No. 57 was painted Tuffc03t Gray and had black lettering. "Monsoon Green" color and inc1udcs six concrete parking barriers. Retail Retail 525.00 plus $3.00 shipping (up to five kits in US, $5.60 for two kits $17.95. to Canada). Similar Pennsy 2D-F8 trucks with meta] wheels arc available for $6.00.

Wm. K. Wallhers, Inc., 5601 W. Florist Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53218, is now offering the following:

• Five-unit articulated well flalS as: undecorated, TTX (old scheme). American President Lines (APC), TTX/BN. Santa Fe (#932-3970 to -3974. respectively, $39.98 ea.) • 48' Stoughton smooth-side containers as: CSX/SL, XTRA, Santa Fe, SP and UP/Genstar (#933-1809 to -18 14, respectively, $3.98 ca.) • 20' ribbed-side containers as: Nedlloyd, GELCO, CP Ships, CAST, Sunshine Models, Box 4997, Springfield, MO 65808-4997, is now offer­ American President Lines and Flexi-Van (#933-1759 to -1764, respec­ ing the U.S. Naval Powder Factory No. 57 car kit. Built by ACF in 1938 to tively, $2.98 ea.) an Erie design with Viking roof and Buckeye ends, it had ARA Type Y • C&NW Airslide· 50' covered hopper 3-Pack (#932-9098, $29.98) trucks' which are similar to PRR 2D-F8 trucks. The car was used to haul • Com Products 3-Pack includes 39' and 50' Airslide covered hoppers and gunpowder within the Navy's Indian Head, MD. facility as wen as to fleel a 40' Funnel-Flow tank car (#932-9100, $29.98)

NScal&

Alias, 378 Florence Ave., Hillside, NJ 07205, has added the following • 60-340 62' Bulkhead Flatcars - BN. UP & CLC items to their line: • 60-669 BN Husky Stack 1- & 3-U nit Cars - 1991 + • 60-676 Santa Fe GP60B Super Fleet Locos -1991+ • 60-731 Sea Land Containers 40' Reefer, 40' Smooth Side and 45' c 0 H II A I l Corrugated • 60-732 ITX Thra114-Unit Double-Stack Cars Drawbar Connected- 1991+ • 60-733 CP Rail Diesel Locos - 1969+ • 60-734 Burlington Route (CB&Q) 40' Wood Boxcars -1915-'70 • 60-735 C&NW Fowler 40' Wood Boxcars -1914-'59 • 3860 Western Maryland GATX Airslide·... $8.25 • 60-736 GATX Freight Cars - Tank Car & Airslide" Hopper - 1970+ • 3861 Comail GPJX Airslide· ... $8.25 • 60-737 CP Rail Loco Multimarks - Mid-'70s to Date • 60-738 CP Rail Locomotive 8" Stripes - Mid-'70s to Date • 60-739 North American Chemical Hoppers -1992+ • 60·740 Comail Quality Locos SD60M, GPIO, SWl200-1992+ • 60-741 Greenbrier Intermodal Husky-Stack Cars - 1990+ • 60-4044 SP 12,500 Gal. Tank Cars • 60-4047 C&NW Wyoming Centennial-C40-8 • 60-4054 C&NW Dash 8-4OC Diesel- Safety & Reliability • 5741 Comail Fallen Flags 3-Pack of GATX Airslides·: Erie, Lehigh • 60-4061 D&H ALCo PA Locos-1960-'80 Valley and Penn Central ... $26.25 (limited edition) These N scale decals are available for $3.00 cacho

T017UJr Industries, 9520 E. Napier Ave., Benton Harbor, Ml49022, is offering a battery power hook-up kit (#N-812, $2.95) which includes an N cell battery holder, micro-mini on/off switch and hook-up wire. Also avail­ able is a bumping post (#N-808, $3.95) which comes completely assem­ bled on a small piece of track.

Micro-Trains· Line Co., 720 S. Grape St., Medford, OR 97501, has • 3633 CB&Q 50' Double-Door Boxcar ... $6.75 added the following new N scale equipment to their line: • 3912 Coming ACF 2-Bay Center-Flow Hopper ... $8.75 c;s..... ; 9" De/ail Associales, P.O. Box 5357, San Luis Obispo, CA 93403, has ---~-~ . -' added the following white-metal detail pans 10 their line: _ ,---,- -.. __: ,....,C!!:!!tl • 8444 Horizontal steam engine, small...$1.50/ea. ill ~ CH£ ...... P£...... 1l &OOtllO , ;:!I- ~ ,- "-"~- _ U- . • 8445 Horizontal mill/factory boiler ... $1.75/ea. -~-~- - ~ ...... -- Microscale Industries, P.O. Box 11950, Costa Mesa, CA 92627, has the following decals now available in N scale: • Chesapeake and Ohio 33' twin-bay hopper with offset sides and notched • 60-332 50' Gondolas - . B&O, BN, Comail & ATSF arched ends. 3-Pack RTR #86012 ... $37.05.

April '1993 Model Railroading • 7 leTS: • o oourTS

• Rock Island 50' single-door boxcar. RTR $31240 ... $9.65. offering photo-etched safety cage ladders (#100). Retail $4.98 plus $.40 shipping.

• UP 39' single-dome MoW water tanker. RTR #65340 ... $16.95. • Reading 39' single-dome tank car for MoW diesel fuel. RTR #65350 ... $15.15. • BN 45' "Chicago" trailer. RTR #67080 ... $20.55. Micro-Trains' latest N scale coupler is their #2001, which is designed for Kato 's new ES}91ocomotives which have pilot (not truck) underset mounted ------couplers. Each package contains a pair of long and short shanks so mcxleler ------can determine best application depending on track rad ius used. Retail $5.25/pkg.

Wm. K. Wallhers, Inc., 5601 W. Florist Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53218, has announced the addition of the O. L. King & Sons Coal Yard (#933-2216, $12.98) to their Cornerstone Series lIP.

Woodland Scenics, P.O. Box 98, Linn Creek. MO 65052, is now orfering six new Mini Series dry transfcr sheets. Five are full-color signs and one is lellers and numbers. Transfer sheets are the same size as their regular sheets but offer more signs because of their smaller si7.e. Can also be used "N" Scale Unlimiled. 30 Ingram Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15205, is now for other scales.

o Scale

Microscale Industries, P.O. Box 11950, Costa Mesa, CA 92627, has the • 48-253 C&NW (CStPM&O) 40' Fowler Wood Boxcar- Late 1941 following decals now available in 0 scale: • 48-254 GATX 50' Tank Car, Black -1970+ • 48-248 GAT)( Tank Car, Gray - 1970+ • 48-255 GAT)( 50' Tank Car, White - 197

Z Scale

Micro-Trains* Line Co., 720 S. Grape Sc. Medford, OR 97501, has added the following new N scale equipment to their line: • FEC standard 40' ooxcar. RTR #14114 (with Marklin-compatible cou­ "I~~ ~ • pler.;) ... $!3.20. RTR #14114-2 (with Magne-Matic· couplers) ... $14.85. ;; ~"" ... • Golden West Service 50' single-door rib-side boxcar. RTR #14209 (with ::.. . -:r- ~ 1'1 , Marklin-compatible couplers) ... $11.80. RTR #14209-2 (with Magne­ . =~ Matic· couplers) ... $13.45.

Miscellaneous

Woodland Scenics, P.O. Box 98, Linn ing clay, yet it dries to a hard plaster surface which is carvablc, paintable Creek, MO 65052, has released three and stainable. new scenery products for modelers. Their Plaster CIOlh comes in an 8" wide TracTronics.lflc., 1212 S. Naper Blvd., Suite 119, Naperville,lL 60540, roll that is five yards long. It is designed has announced their SwilchWitch™ control circuit for twin-coil switch to be cut into strips, dipped in water and machines. Contained in a 2" x 2" circuit board. each SwitchWitch provides placed over fonns built up from wadded capacitive-discharge operation of a single turnout. This permits control of newspaper. It is designed to eliminate up to 35 switch machines with a single 250mA pushbutlon without fear of the mess caused by using paper towels burning the pushbutton contacts. Because of Lhe low-amperage draw while dipped in plaster. Their Lightweighl recharging, 22AWG telephone wire can Ix! used to wire the SwilchWitch Ilydrocal weighs half as much as regu­ power connections and input signals. Retail $8.95 per unit in kit form (Item lar Hydrocal, making it especially #1) or $17.95 for assembled unit for actuation by grounding the inputs handy for modules and other places where weight considerations are (Item #2) or for actuation by driving the inputs (Item #3). Add $4.00 ship­ important. Their Mold-A-Scene Plaster is designed to be used like model- ping per order. ~ a • Model Railroading April '1993 PRODUCT REVIEWS • • HO SCALE REVIEW "Flagstop at Slapout" from Laser Structures Ltd. by Scott Anderson Photos by the author

n almost every layout there is that small O out-of-the-way location where an attrac­ tive little nag stop would fit just perfectly. You want an attractive little building. Something not too ornate yet with some down-home character. Well. friends and neighlxns. Laser Structures Ltd. has just such a building in their "Flagstop at 1 SlapoUL" The footprint is a conservative 6" x 21h". The structure has the appearance of a small rural depot that is at home in almost any time period. Laser Structures Ltd. is the moniker devel­ oped by an old friend, Master Creations, to mar­ ket this new line oC u easy-to-buHd,"lower-priced structures. This line is aimed at the beginning modeler and those of more experience who want a high-quality laser-cut kit that can be completed in a couple of relaxed evenings. "Slapout" comes in a poly bag instead of a box. The kit comes with a page and a half of instructions, which arc written step by step. The only illustrations arc four photo views of the fin­ ished building. Each step has a box next to its number to check off once the step is completed. Primarily the kit is composed of sheets of laser­ '--- cut wood parts. The walls and the platform also have nicely detailed planking and nail holes. thought on the part of the builder. Construction Once completed, the kit is ready for all kinds Window and door openings arc cut out, and is not difficuh, but this is far from a shake-the­ of embellishments. Such things as a train-order each of the four walls is cut to its appropriate box kit. The builder is instructed to firs t con­ board, stacked freight, luggage and some passen­ shape and size. There is no stripwood in this kit. struct the windows. That '5 right, there are five gers will bring this swell little depot to instant Each piece of wood is located on a respective windows and each one is made up of six pieces life. Due to its classic architecture, your new sta­ sheet of wood and shaped through laser technol­ not including glazing. One piece of trim, W-4, is tion is bound to draw comment. The detail is ogy. Parts arc identified by a letter-nwnbcr code not labeled on the sheets; it can be found on the crisp, and the finished structure has a scratch­ which is called out in each step of the instruc­ small sheet with the window frame. Remember built look, so only you will know a mere four to tions. The remainder of the kit's contents consist as you build that some windows can be modeled six hours were invested in 50 fine a structure. of card stock for the roof, self-adhesive shingle open for added interest. 1f you do open some, it "Flagstop at Siapout" (kit #1400) is available material, some clear window glazing and a nice is easier to glue the glazing in place on the sash from Laser Structures Ltd., Box 1378, Chino cast-metal chimney with smoke jack. before installing it in place in the wall Valley. AZ 86323. for a suggested retail of The construction of this kit takes a bit of One short paragraph covers the doors and $19.95. ornate gable windows. This is really not enough information, in my opinion. Like the windows, the doors are also built from several pieces of trim and it is not very clear how the manufacturer intends some of the parls to be installed. For example, part 0-1 is not called out in the instruc­ tions. This part is the door trim that is installed perpendicular to the wall above the door trim on the front elevation. There is also no mention that the freight-door trim is labeled F·2 and F·3. Assembly of the walls and application of the trim is not difficult, and the roof went together without much fuss. I pre-colored my sheets of shingles before applying them to the roof cards. The color chosen was a brownish green. The self-adhesive shingles arc a nice touch. The resulting roof is one of the outstanding features of the structure.

April "1993 Model Railroading • 9 PRODUCT REVIEWS • • HO SCALE REVIEW

Detail Associates Headlights by David A. Bontrager Photo by the author

n the last several months Detail Associates has released numerous I detail parts. [neluded in this group arc two types of scale-size styrene rectangular headlights wilh shields. Part No. LT 1023 has horizontal shields, which arc found on some of the new high-tech locomotives. Part No. LT 1024 has vertical shields, which is the most commonly used head­ light on prototype locomotives, both EMD and OE. The use of this head­ light dates back to the GP30 and it continues in usc up to the presenl. Besides being scale size, the openings will accept DA's clear lenses, MY lenses or tiny light bulbs. These parlS arc a prime example of the excellence that is attainable in the tooling and injection of styrene parLs! My compli­ ments to Detail Associates and a big THANK YOU for providing us detail modelers with two more greatly needcd detail parts.

Rather than show only the headlight. its delicate size is better realized when viewed on a model. Check out those shields!

N SCAI.E REVIEW

Kato's Smooth Side Passenger Cars and Lighting Kits by Randy Lee Photos by the author

ato's recently released smooth-side pas­ Kalo has proven their responsiveness 10 mod­ Limited assembly is required on a few of the K senger cars arc exquisitely done. This elers' desires in the past. A case in point cars. The diner needs stacks and antennas, the isn't surprising though because we have come to involved Lheir HO scale SD40 which had nubs observation antennas, the RPO pickup bars and expect this of everything they do. But Kato has to represent lift rings. Modelers and reviewers the baggage needs its brakewheel. All of the chosen a somewhat different way of offering alike raised their voices, and 10 and behold, their paris press fit into place and require no gluing. these cars, one that may cause problems for next release in HO, the GP35, had centering The smal1 antenna supports arc much easier to some modelers. The cars can only be obtained by dimples rather than nubs. T hope Lhey will prove put in if a small pair of needlenose pliers or purchasing either the basic six-car set or the as responsive this time and reconsider their tweezers is used. Kato includes a plastic tweez­ four-car add-on set The basic six-car set con­ packaging. ers which will do in a pinch. tains a baggage, RPO, coach, diner, sleeper and While we're talking about the packaging, I On the diner, the antenna slides into holes in observation car. The four-car add-on set contains must admit that their packaging docs a beautiful Lhe antenna supports. On the observation, the a baggage, coach. sleeper and dome car. * This job of presenting the models. Each set comes in a antenna snaps into slots on the supports. Despite presents an obvious problem for the person that vinyl "book" that slips into a rich green-printed their small size, both types of supports arc con­ wants an extra dome (or any oLher) car or two. cover. Inside is a single foam insert with cutouts siderably overscale, but painting them to match for the four or six cars and a clear sheet of the roof improves their overall appearance. ·An ~xtra coach is substiJuJ~dJor th~ dome car in tk acetate that overlays and protects the exposed Kata is to be commended for the crispness NYCSt!I. side of the cars. of their detail and paint Especially nice are

'10 • Model Railroading April '1993 • PRODUCT REVIEWS •

Close-up of dome car reveals the beautiful detail displayed on trucks, windows, interior and diaphrams. Prototype for this car is UP.

Ughtlng Kit 4) Remove the backing from the reflective Installing Kato's lighting kit has to be one of tape and attach to the roof of the car. the simplest process of adding to a car that I've 5) Snap the light bar into place. aligned with ever seen. The cars come with trucks that are the mounting tabs on the side window pieces. already equipped wi th electrical pickups. 8 y 6) Reattach shell. The quality that goes into Kato's passenger Actually doing it will take you about as much cars is carried over into their packaging. using insulated axles and metal bearings in the sideframes, all four wheels on each truck are time as it did to read how to do it. I install ed used for pickup. That means that all eight seven light kits (two in the dome [one at each the flush-mounted windows which feature alu­ wheels. four per side. serve as contact points. end) and one each in the diner, observation. minum-colored edge trim. Diaphram and end This greatly reduces the annoying flickering coaches and in one of the sleepers). Total cur­ detail is also very nice. Grabirons are cast on, common when only one or two wheels per side rent draw was about .25 amps. but drop steps have been left off. Each car is a are used for pickup. To conclude, these are the nicest smooth-side precise model of a particular prototype and Each lighting kit consists of a piece of self­ passenger cars available in plastic. In fact, their includes a one-piece interior which is cast in a adhesive metal reflective tape, a clear light bar, quality rivals that of brass cars costing much beige plastic. Car names and/or numbers have a pre-assembled light-bulb assembly and two L­ more and actually exceeds brass because of their been left off so modelers can add their own shaped pieces of flat copper wire. Insta1lation of windows and interiors. Now all we need are without duplication. Truck detail is excellent, each kit takes about a minute. their new E8/E9 units (being offered in the same and the cars roll beautifully. Installation is as follows: schemes) 10 pull them. Kata has used a special coupler for these 1) Remove the shell by gently bowing the The basic six -car set retails for $124.98; the cars that is better looking !.han the standard N sides away from the mounting tabs. This four-car set for $84.98. They are offered as: scale coupler, but not as nice as a Micro ­ requires very little effort because of the very undecorated, (Phase 1), Milwaukee, Trains* coupler. Most modelers will probably thin plastic used in the side walls. NYC (lightning stripes), UP and be able to leave these couplers alone, at least 2) Slide the two flat copper wires into the (blue). The lighting kits are $5.98 for a single if they plan to operate the cars as a complete slots provided. unit or $29.98 for a six-pack. Remember that the train. Cars intended to couple to a locomotive 3) Insert the light-bulb assembly into place so dome car requires two li ght kits. but illumina­ or other type of coupler will require a coupler that it makes contact with the two flat copper tion of the baggage car is, at least in my opinion, change. wires. unnecessary. .1.

~~ - -- - 0' --- t~~· ;...... # ... '"'""" .. - "--- -....- ~ ;~- ;~ ...... :.~::...... - , ...... -- , ~.~.... ~...... ~ --- ,_... ~ ...... ,. .... --... ~-;-::..:~~.:....~... .., • ------,

Disassembled car shows (top to bottom): shell with reflective tape installed in roof, interior (note flat copper wires installed Ten-car train can be made from the basic six-car and add-on in notches at far right) and light bar and light-bulb assembly. four-car sets.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 11 • 8_ ••Q_.~~·~mm -" - THE SOCIETY PAGE 8m. •• • WHO, WHAT, AND WHERE THEY ARE. <@l ~ II ~ _ SUPPORT YOUR mSTORICAL SOCIETY -JOIN TODAY ~ ~ ~- These are the active prototype historical societies of which we are aware. ~ ~

American Truck Historical Society. P.O. /3oK 53 11 68, lJIinois Central Historical Society _ AMual Dues: Reg ular PiUsburgh, Shawmut & Northem Railroad Historical 81rrrirlgham, AL 35253, (205) 870-0566. Bmor1thty magazine, S15 . SI S, Sustaining $20. 1015 Membership Dept., c/o Jamcs Society _ RD I . Box 361, Alfred Station, NY 14003. Newsietlcr, Kubajak, 14818 C[ifton Park, Midlothian, IL 6Q.145. Ann Arbor Railroad Technical & Hist. Assoc .• (also Railroad Club of Chicago _ P.O. Elox 8292, Chicago, [L Illinois Terminal _ AnnlJal Dues: $10/S1 5sust.IT RI1 Hist. Soc., COt'CIS Michigan Nortoorn aoo Tuscola & Saginaw Bay), P.O . Bo.x 606BO. Moothlyncwsletter/magazine, S20 (within 150 mi. of 51, Ctlcsaning, MI486 16. Newsletter, S10. P.O. Box 251, Washinglon. 1L6 157 1-0251. Chicago). S1 0 elscv.tlere, Anthracite Railiroads Historical Society • (Central 01 Illinois Traction Society _ c/o Dale Jenkins (Editor), Dept. New Jersey, lackawanna, Leh igh & I-tudson Rivor, Lehigh & New MOO, 20209 E. 14th St North, Independence. MO Stl056: or Mark Railroad Prototype Modelers _ Send SASE for more England, LehighVaJlcy, '9). Annual Dues: $20, newsletter, r.o Barnetl (IT S mcrrbership), 1124 Bar~r 51 ., B:ooningtoo,lL 6170 I, inlormatioo to: Rail road Prototype Modelcrs, 7131 Owcnsmoulh, !lox. 5 19,lansdalc,IA 19<146.0519. (309) 829·2728. Ouarterly nel'lSletter, SI S. _0·92 , Canoga Park, CA 91309. Banirnore & Ohio. Annu al Dues:S18. foreign S3O, magazine. Kansas City Southern Historical Society _ P.O, Box 5332, Railway & Locomotive HistorK:al Society _ Annual Dues: B&O RRHS. P.O. Box 13578. Bahimoro, MD 21203. Shrel/cport, LA 711 35·5332. Monlhly nel'lSlc1ter, sem·annual SI S. Railway & Locorrdive c/o H. Arnold Wilder. Treas. , 46lowcll Be Rail Historical & Technical Society. Annual Dues: magaZine and free adrrission 10 convention and swap meets Rd .. Westlord, MA 0 1886. S14, quarterly magazine "The Carboo,· BCRH&TS, do Jim Moore SIS. (Editor), 25729 Floral Collrt, Valencia, CA 91355· 2139. Katy Railroad Historical Society _ (alsocoyers Missouri Reading _ Annual Dues: $20. ACT & HS, c/o Robert L Danner, P.O. Box5143. Read ing. 1V\ 19612. Boston & Maine _ Annllal Dllc s: $25 USI$30 Canadil,lll, Kansas & Texas Railroad), Annual Dues: $15/regular. $ 13/lmder I3&MRRI-tS, Inc. C/O Membership Secrclary, P.O. Box 2936, 18 or oyer 65, SSO{supporling. OlJarterly magaline, the KATY Rio Grande Southern His!. & Tech. Society _ 1',0. Box Middlescll. Essex. GMF Woburn, MA 0 1888·9998, flYER and yearly historical calendar. c/o R()f V. Jackson n, 732 3358. Dept. MAG, La Mesa, CA 92044.0uarterly magazine, 56, Via Miramoote. Mesq U1:e,nc 751SO·3054, Bridge line Historical Society _ Annual Dllcs: SIS reg.! Rock Island _ Annual Dues: SI S. Rock Island Toch. Soc .. David SI2.SO 0& 1-1 cmplC'Jcc & retirect$25 Canadian/S?7 aYcrsoas. Locomotives in Parks SIG _ c/o Dick Nedrow, P.O. Box SOl, J. Engle, 8746 North Troool, Kansas City, MO 841 55, Includcs monlhly nel'lSlOllcr, BCIJI 7242, Capit~ Siallon, Albany, Dept. MllG, ManChester. WA 98353, Send S&\E for inlormalioo. NY 12224 Louisville & Nashville _ Annual Dues: $15ISJO sust., L&N His! . _ Annual Dvcs: S15 , Ouarterly NC"M;liner. Canadian National Lines _ Annual Ducs: S25 sus!. (US or Soc ., I ~O. Box 171 22,louisviIle, KY 40217. Ruttand RR Hist. Soc., P.O. Box 6262. nlllland, VT0570 1. Canadian). Coyo rs CNI1, G t: r:v. OWl', GTW and subsidiarics. Maryland & Pennsylvania Preserv. & His!. Soc, _ AnnlJal 51. Louis - San Francisco _ Annual dlJcs: $12. Frisco Send /110 SSAE for info-pack. In Canada, scnd 10: CN lincs SIG, Duos: S1 5t$25 contr. C/o Fred II, Voelcker, Jr., P.O. E30x 22-1, Modelers'lnformation Group, C/o Douglas Hughes. 1212 112 MapieiOll Dr.. Winnipeg, MB Il2P IC9. In U.S., send 10: CN Spring Groye.1V\ 17362, (301)628-0735, SSAE tor more F."ncans Rm, Arnold, MD 21012·1876. lines SIG,IID I, Bolt; 295, Alum Bank, PA 15521·9658, inlormattOll, Central Vermont Historical Society _ Annual OliOS: Milwaukee Road _ Annual Dues: S 12{$24 sust. Milwaukee Santa Fe Modeler _ Annual DuC5: S l B/S28 susl. Canada; $15/S20 susl. Ouarlerly nel'lSlelier. C/oJohn Ilaropulos, Secrelary, Road l1ailfans Assoc ., cIa Wendcll Murphy, 750'\ W, Ruby Ave .. S23/S33 sust. Other Nations: $28t$38 sust. Sama Fe Modelers 1070 Belmonl StICCI. Mancncster. Ni l 03104. l.SS/IE lor lurther MLiwalJkee, W15J21B Or9anization, 1704 Valley Ridge nd .. Norman. OK 73072. infor mal>Oll Milwest _ (MllwalJkee Road·lInes '/-Iesl) Annual DuC5: Chesapeake & Ohio _ Annual [AJes. SI6iS32 sus!. aOlllSl Santa Fe Railway Historical Society, Inc. _ I ~O. Box SIO,nel'lSletter RCX'Illamdton, M lwest, 2506 S. W Fissure Loop, Soc., Mcrrtxlrstjp Officer, 1>.0 , Box 79, Clinon rorge, VA 24 422 92887, Dept. MAG, Long l3cach, CA 90809·2887. Ouarterly ROOfT'lO(1d, on 97756·9486. magazine. S12, Chicago Burtington & Quincy _ Annua l Dues 520JS40susl. Missabe Railroad Historical Society _ (Duluth. M,ssabe& BurlingtOfl Roule HIsl Soc .. P. 0 , /3(»I456,l.aCrange, Il. 60525, Iron nange and predecessors). Annua[ Oues S 12.SO{S20 sus! Shore Line Interurban _ Annual Dues: SI2}S18 conlr. Shore Chicago & Eastern Illinois _ Ann ual Dues: S15/$25 sust Foreign - send for currenl rate 719 Northland Avenue, SlIlIwatcr, Line Inteltlrban Hisl. Soc., I ~O. Box 346, Chicago, lL 60690. C&EII list Soc" C/o Mombershlp Chairman. P.O I30x 606, MN 55082. Ouartorly magaZine Crestwood. IL 600145 Society of Freight Car Historians _ c/O David C. Casdorph. Missouri & Arkansas Railroad Museum _ (aisocoyers P.O, Box 1458, Monrovia. CA 910 17, Magazine (Freight Cars Chica~o & Illinois Midland Technical and HistorK:al M,ssour; & NO!'th Arkansas, Arkansas & Olarks, and OIhcrs), P.O. Journal), SIS. Society _ Annual Dues: S20f5uSl. $110. Newsleller 4 tilT1Cs per I30x 44, Ilcaver, AR 726 13. Mag3line, S 10, year Ann : Shane Mason, Mermership Chairman. PO. Box 3882, Missouri Pacific (Includes Texas & Pacific) _ An nual Southeastern Railroad Technical Society _ (covers Springfield. IL 62708·3682 Dues. S 15!S20 suSl ./S23 tore;gn M:ssoon Pacific HIS!. Soc .. P.O Atlantic Coast Une, Seaboard Nr line, and Seaboard Coastline), Chicago & North Western _ Annual Dues: $IS.SO. C&NW Box 187, Add is. LA 707 10. 4007 Paddlewhcel Or.. Brandon, FL 335I I. QlJarterly magazine, Hisl. Soc., Lou Hamilton, PO. !lox 1436, 8mhursl, n. 60126·999B. Monon _ Annual Dues: S10[$,16 SUSI. Monon RRHisl. & Tech. $12. Colorado Midland _ Subscrlplion: $ 10 a ycar. Colorado Soc. Inc ,c/o Membership Chairman, P.O. 13ox 5303, Lnlilyel1e , Southern Pacific _ Annual Dues: $12.50[$,18.75susl./loreLgn Midland Quarterly, 1731 N. Cooper, GoIoradoSprings, CO 60907. IN 47903 SI' Ilist. & tech, Soc.. PO. Box 11118, SanlaAna, CA 927 1I. The Conrail Historical Society _ Annual Oues: SIS, National Model Railroad A ssociation _ AMual Dues: 524, S20. Southem Railway Historical Association Inc. _ Annual Canada/Mell.ico, 530· (Nerseas. P.O . I30x 10 19. 51 , Johns, AZ NMM BlJlletin is published monlhly Nalional Model Ha ~road Dues: S1 5iS25 susl.,IS30 forcign. Mail to SRHA Inc., PO. Box 33, 85936. Associlllion Inc, 412 1 Cromwell Road. Chattanooga, IN 3742 1 (615) 892·2846, Spencer, NC 28 159. Early American Railroading Group _ PO (}ox 101·Z, Nalional Railway Historical Sociaty _ Annual DlJes $10159 AUegan, M149010 Newsiener: $7.50. Historical Society _ Annual Dues: SIS. chap . dues, Nal101lal Railway 11151 , Soc . c/o DaVia A Ackerman, East Broad Top _ (rriends 01 the ,), C/o Hutll H Kell er, R 0, Southern RI' His1. Soc .• C/O [3. F. Roberts, P.O. Box 4094, Martinel, PO. Uox5BI53, Phlladclphla, PA 19102. CA 30907 . • , Box 966, Thrcc Springs, PA 17264 Quarterly mag371ne, S20, New Haven _ Annual DlJes. S25 reg,-$35 suS!. 4 sherehners, 8 East Tennessee & Wes tern North Carolina _ Annual ne l'lS ~lters .. annual rreeting Membcrst1ip Chairrmn, NI II~HTA Spokane, Portland & SaaUle _ Annual Dues: SI 5, lorcign Docs: $10. ET&WNC Ra ilroad His!. Soc, C/oJohn R Walto,604 Inc, I~ O Box 122, Wailing lord, C J 0&192 $20, SlJS!. . SPSRHS, C/o Duane Crarrer, 26 IB N.W. II31hSt., North Eleventh Streel, De Sato, MO 63020, Newsletter. New York Central System Historical Society _ Annual Vancou\ICr, WA 98685 Erie Lackawanna _ Annll8l Dues: SI8, Erie I.aci

12 • Model Railroading April 1993 AIL PROJECT RESEARCH R by Karen and Earl Stephens The goal of Rail Project Research is to point you to magazine reference materials. You can then spend hours modeling , not looking for information on how to! Each entry contains a description or title followed by the magazine title, year, month or quart er, and page. By request we are going to look at the Southem Ra ilway in respect to its history and its mod eli ng potential. We will show where to find the prototype photo examples as well as reviews of mod els th at have been commercially relea sed . YOU ASKED FOR IT! This month 's modeling category is PASSENGER AND FREIGHT EQUIPMENT. We invite your suggestions or requests for topics to research. Please send your correspondence to : Earl Stephens, RD 11, Box 101 , Chenango Forks , NY 13746. MM =Mainline Modeler MR =Mod el Railroader MRG =Mode l Railroading RMC =Railroad Model Craftsman RR =Rail road T =Trai ns PASSENGER AND FREIGHT EQUIPMENT

ARTICLE MAG VR MO PG ARnClE MAG VR MO PG PASSENGER CAR PROTOTYPE DATA PSl 40' BOXCAR S 127137 8' WIDE DOOR PH MRG sa 07 32 PARLOR-DOME CAR ON SOUTHERN CRESCENT SN RR 71 05 52 PSl 40' BOXCAR S 131945 9' WIDE DOOR PHOTO MRG sa 07 31 AMTRAK ERA SERVICE ON THE SOUTHERN T 74 10 26 PSl 40' BOXCAR UP "26194 8' WIDE DOOR MRG sa 07 33 CRES CEN T LIMITED 1891-1964 S T 64 07 20 PSl 40' BOXCAR UP INON-REV 6' WIDE DOOR MRG sa 07 32 CRESCEN T LIMITED TO WASHINGTON DC S T 46 09 30 PS150' BOXCAR 5/3081571957 9' DOOR PHOTO MRG 86 01 35 PASSENGER TRAIN S "ASHVILLE SP£CIAL" MR 81 01 91 PSl 50' BOXCAR SOUTHERN 134947 9' DOOR RM C 86 05 93 PS1 RE8UILT BOXCAR SIS083921O' DOOR PHOTO MRG 86 77 PASSENGER CAR PHOTOS RAllBOX NEW OWNER SOUTHERN 114130 PHOTO RMC 83 10 135 BAGGAGE FO R FAN TRIP X-S/339 PHOTO RMC 70 03 48 WAFflE BOXCAR S 1531500 PHOTO MM 83 "10 24 RPQlEXPRESSill AG GAGE S 1772 PHOTO RR 40 72 WAffLE BOXCAR S DETAIL PHOTO MM 83 10 24 GAS ELECTRIC S 11 PHOTO 1911 GE T n " 44 FLATCARS PASSENGER CAR PLANS " 70 TON fLATCAR S 151344 PHOTO RMC 43 12 14 POSTAl CAR HEAVY WEIGHT S 1217 PlANS RMC 55 06 67 AIRJET TANK LOADS S 14999 PHOTO T 63 05 09 BAGGAGEIEXPRESS HVY WT COMBINE S 1427 PLAN RMC 56 02 67 AUTO RACK S TTGX/2546SO PHOTO MRG sa 09 07 COACHIBAGGAGE HVY WT COMBINS 12104 PLAN RMC 55 06 67 AUTO RACK S TTRX 1962063 OPEN TOP PHOTO MRG sa 09 08 COACH HEAVY WE IGHT PlANS S 11400 RMC 56 en 67 PLATED COI L CAR PHOTO S 150900 THRALL T 64 02 12 COACH HVWT WIDE VESTIBULE PLAN S1128 1 RMC 56 02 67 TRAILER PLATfORM CAR S 1151000 (X BOX) PHO TO RMC 84 09 56 COACH HVY WT NARR OW VESTI BU LE S 11274 PLAN RMC 56 02 67 WOOD-RACK CAR S1124662 PHOTO RR 55 10 32 COACH PLANS S I' RMC 56 en 67 COACH PlANS WIDE VESTIBULE 57' S11270 RMC 56 03 67 GONDOLAS 100 TON ALUMINUM COAl GONDOLAS 11276 PHOTO RMC 61 07 ., PASSENGER CAR MODELS 40 T COMPOSIT DROP END GON S 1198672 PHOTO MM 81 07 23 BAGGAGE CAR SOUTHERN MOD & PT MR 78 09 104 MAIL CAR CONSTRUCTI ON S1217 RMC 40 03 19 HOPPERS WOODEN BAGGAGE EXPRESS CONSTRUCTION S RMC 36 19 4000 ACf COVERED CENTER flOW S 198042 PHOTO MRG 87 11 45 CO ACH CO NSTRUC TI ON S 121 04 RMC 40 03" 19 4500 CU fT HOPPER S/85348 PHOTO MRG sa 09 56 WOO DEN COAC H CON STR UCTION SOUTHERN RMC 36 11 19 BIG JOHN lOOT COVERED HOPPER 518033 PHOTO T 62 06 10 PASS TRAIN MODELING ~ASHV I LLE SPECIAl~ S MR 81 01 94 fOUR BAY S18033 'BIG JACK' COVERED HOPA RMC 63 00 39 ORTNER RAPID DISCHARGE HOPPER S #390190 RM C 81 07 70 COMBINE PROTOTYPE DATA ORTNER RAPID DISCHARGE HOPPER S 1390497 RMC 81 07 72 COMBINE LNGIS RM PLM PlAN 3990 S 11076 0 MM 90 10 44 SIDE DUMP HOPPER S/95249 ECC 1930 PHOTO MRG sa 11 27 SIDE DUMP HOPPER S/95250 ECC 1947 11 RI MRG sa 11 25 PASSENGER NAME TRAIN PLANS SIDE DUMP HOPPER S/953161986 PHOTO MRG 89 02 37 TENNESSEAN S 1941 PLAN MM 91 12 so TWO BAY SOT HOPPER S 1112869 PHOTO RMC so en 26 SOUTHERNER S TRAIN PLAN MM 92 1 so REEFERS TENNESSEAN S TRAIN PLAN MM 92 1 so 50' PLUGOOOR REEfER FGE S1798537 PHOTO RMC 85 01 105 PASSENGER NAME TRAIN PROTOTYPE DATA FREIGHT CAR PLANS CUSHION FRAME BOXCAR PLANS S TENN ESSEAN S 1941 DATA MM 91 12 so 116159 RMC 66 01 44 SOUTHERNER S TRAIN DATA WAfflE BOXCAR S 1565300 PS 1969 PLANS MM 83 10 27 MM 92 1 so 50' 6- WAffLE SIDE BOXCAR S PS PLAN TEN NESSEAN S TRAIN DATA MM 92 1 MM 90 8 24 so 70 TON FLATCAR PLANS S 151344 RMC 43 12 14 CONVERTED fL ATCAR S1117637 PlANS MR 42 04 168 PASSENGER NAME TRAIN PHO TOS 100 TON ALUMINUM COAL GON PLANS S 11276 RMC 61 07 40 TENN ESSEAN S 194 1 PHOTO MM 91 12 so WAR TIME COMPOSITE GONDOLAS PlAN SI286371 MR 44 06 244 SOUTH ERNE R S TRAIN PH OTO MM 92 1 so C HOP lOOT CEMENT S 193889 PS 1947 PLAN MM 86 4 74 TENNESSEAN S TRAIN PHOTO MM 92 1 so CL AY LOADING HOPPE R S 170300-72049 PLAN MM 90 11 47 70 TON HOPPER S170 300 & 281 000 PS AM. PLAN MM 90 12 so FREIGHT CAR PROTOTYPE DATA HOPPER ORTNER S (50) PLAN MM sa 2 39 50' 6- WAfflE SIDE BOXCAR S PS DATA MM 90 8 24 lOO T BIG JOHN COVEREO HOPPERS PLN 518696 MR 84 05 82 60' CUSHI ON fRAM E BOXCARS OF SOUTHERN RMC 66 01 44 50 TON HOPPER COKE CAR 51110170 CLASS HC MR 35 08 206 OUT SIZE BOXCAR Of THE SOUTHERN 19799 T 62 03 48 70T LOW SIDE GONDOLA S #328000 PS PLAN MM 86 1 66 TRAILER PlATf ORM CAR SOUTHERN INfO RMC 84 12 08 54' 6- ALL WELDE D GONDOLA S 1958 PLAN MM 87 72 TRAILER PLATf ORM' CAR -TWAS A BOXCAR S RMC 64 09 56 ARTI CULATED HOPPER CAR PLANS SOUTHERN MR 67 03 40 100 TON ALU MINUM COAl GONDOL AS OFTHE S RMC 61 07 3' ORTNER A.D. HOPPER PlANS S #390190 RMC 81 07" 70 70T LOW SIDE GONDOlA S 1328000 PS DATA MM 86 1 66 TWO BAY 50 TON HOPPER CAR PLANS 5#112869 RM C so en 26 54' 6- AlL WELDED GO NDOLA S1 958 DATA MM 87 72 UNCOMMON HOPPER DESIGN S1283331 PLANS MM 83 08 59 CHOP l OOT CEME NT S/93889 PS 1947 DATA MM 86 "4 74 STOCK CAR PLANS SOUTHERN 139027 MR 57 04 47 CLAY LOADING HOPPER S 170300-72049 DATA MM 90 47 70 TON HOPPER S170 300 & 281000 PS AAR 0 MM 90 12 so FREIGHT CAR MODElS HOPPER OoTNER S (SOl DATA MM sa "2 39 70 TON FLATCAR CONSTRUCTION S 151344 RMC 43 12 14 100 TON SOU THERN COVERE OHIlf'PER DIMENSNS RMC 63 12 92 CONVERTED S FLATCAR CONS TR UC TION 192 8 MR 42 04 167 100 TON BIG JOHN COVE RED HOP PERS OF S MR 84 05 82 54' 6w AlL WELDED GONDOLA S 1958 CONSTRue MM 86 06 27 ARTI CULATED HOPPER OF THE SOUTHERN T 65 10 04 PULPWOOD CAR CONSTRUCTION SOUTHERN $1 MR 56 02 32 ORTN ER RAP ID OISCHARGE HOPPERS RMC 81 07 70 SINGLE TRAILER CAR MODELI NG ex BOXi S RMC 84 09 56 UNCOMMON HOPPRT DESIGN S 1283331 MM 83 08 59 AlUMINUM COAl GONDOLA CONSTRUC S /1276 RMC 61 07 39 45' COVERED HOPPER SOUTHERN MOD & PT MR 83 02 127 FREIGHT CAR PHOTOS COVERED HOPPER CAR SOUTHERN MOD & PT MR 79 01 132 BOXCARS HOPPER CAR KITBASH SOUTHERN I 8035 RMC 63 06 38 40' 80XCAR Of THE SO 'S S 1509072 1983 PHOTO MRG 86 07 09 STOCK CAR CONSTRUCTION SOUTHERN MR 57 04 46 40' BOXCAR S/141 011932 ARR 1962 PHOTO MRG sa 03 47 60' CU SHION FRAME BOXC AR S 116159 PHOTO RMC 66 01 45 FREIGHT CAR MODEl REVIEWS AM STO BOXCAR S1 330494 1946 PHOTO MRG 89 04 46 56' AlL DOOR BOXCAR S REVIEW M1W EPM MR 72 04 26 EXTERIOR POST BOXCAR S 114827 X-RAIL BOX MRG 87 05 31 AlL-DOOR BOXCAR S REVIEW ~HQ" AHM RMC n 01 70 FMC RAIL BOXCAR S 117940 PHOTO AlL-ODOR BOXCAR S REVIEW ~OM EPM MRG 85 09 27 M RMC n 01 63 PS1 40' BOXCAR S124624 8' WIDE DOOR PHOTO MRG sa 07 31 58' lOOT AL HOPPPER S REVIEW lr LVM MR 66 11 20 PSl 40'BOXCAR S #26017 a' WIDE DOOR PHOTO MRG sa 07 32 BIG JOHN HOPPER KIT S REVleW M HO~ DC RMC 68 09 57

April 1993 Model Railroading • 13 ~[K)@~IJ~o[t{)~ ~W@:[t{)IJC!D~~

Georgia Northeastern Railroad

by Larry Smith, MMR

All photos courtesy of Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania (PHMC)

he merger process that began in the 1950s point 40 miles past Canton. When the new own­ T with the acquisition of the Virginian by ers took over, they decided to upgrade the line Map of the North Georgia!Tennessee! the Norfolk and Western may have reached its past Canton to standard-gauge specifications, North Carolina area. zenith in the '80s by producing the mega-roads including standard-gauge lies in expectation of Kno.... oIl(! • such as BN, CSX, Conrail, Norfolk Southern an early conversion from narrow gauge. Con­ and UP. The changes that arc occurring in the struction continued on the line and the track '90s seem to indicate a repositioning of rail­ arrived at Ball Ground (35 miles from Mariena) roads that have been affiliated in the past, i.e., in 1882. Marble Cliff (60 miles) in 1883 and CP North America and Soo Line, or growth of Ellijay (67 miles) in 1884. To save time and the new supcr-regionals in addition to the possi­ money, locally quarried marble was used for the bility of still more mega-mergers. All of this bridge abULmenls. consolidation and spinning off of unprofitable Beginning in 1883, the railroad owners lines has produced a new phenomenon ... a encountered several legal and financial prob­ plethora of new shortlines. One of these is the lems as stockholders sued to end the state's Georgia Northeastern. assignment of convicts to the company and the maner was brought before the Georgia legisla­ Farnerl Marietta and North Georgia RR I ture. The legislature not only agreed to continue Ch

Georgia under the provisions of a special act sions of the loan from prison revenues) into CaNon • passed in that year. Under the terms of this act trusteeship. The legislature further stated that the the state would rent the convicts to the railroad bonds would only be surrendered to manage­ for about $20.000 per year until construction ment jf the railroad arrived at the North Carolina was completed. line within 20 months. With this type of incen­ MarIClla . By May I. 1879. the railroad had built 23 tive, and in spite of the legal impediments, the miles of narrow-gauge lI8ck from its connection track arrived at Murphy, NC (107 miles), at the with the Western and Atlantic (of The-Great­ end of 1886 with full operation beginning in AUanla • Locomotive-Chase fame) at Marietta 10 Canton, 1887. GA, when financial difficullies prevented any A series of events occurred in 1887 that would further construction. The original owners con­ determine the destiny of the railroad. First, the tinued to operate the railroad in hopes of finding railroad applied to the stale of Georgia for ries as the main source of car loadings. Seeing further funding, but in May 1881 they gave up access to Atlanta, which was promptly denied no other alternatives, the company decided to and sold controlling interest to Joseph Kinsey of on the grounds of protecting the state-owned build north towards Knoxville, TN, and Cincinnati and George Eager of Boston. Western and Atlantic from loss of revenue. Sec­ obtained $3.3 million in mortgage bonds for the Even while the search for funding was being ond, revenue was falling as new industry had construction. A subsidiary was formed, the pursued, grading continued on the railroad to a failed to develop, leaving only the marble quar- Knoxville Southern, and standard-gauge con-

14 • Model Railroading April 1993 ~.-"~ Marietta & North Georgia #25 is a standard-gauge Vulcain compound built by Baldwin in 1892. It was sold by the M&NG to the Texas Central in 1898 before the takeover by the l&N. sLruction was begun in 1889 from the Knoxville 1889 and to Blue Ridge (82 miles) by May of back at Hiwassee River. These certificates were end. Originally the railroad was going to be con 4 1890, leaving only the remaining 25 miles to never issued due to the depression of the 1890s. structed from Murphy via Red Marble Gap, GA. Murphy as narrow gauge. The Knoxville South­ The court again attempted to reorganize the a very difficult route, but was changed to a con4 ern construction arrived at Blue Ridge on railroad in 1893 and ordered that the mileage in nection at Blue Ridge, GA, instead. August9, 1890, and the two railroads were con­ Georgia and Tennessee be sold separately. They Construction on the northern portion of the nected. This was followed by the absorption of also recommended that the Murphy branch be railroad left a lot to be desired. The railroad had the Knoxville Southern into the Marietta and sold because it had never generated enough reve­ hired George R. Eager, an Englishman, as the North Georgia on November 25, 1890. nue to even meet its ofK!rating expenses. None of contractor and toJd him that speed was of the Financial problems again reared their ugly this came to pass, as no buyer could meet the essence in completing the railroad. Eager look head in 1891, when the railroad defaulted on the minimum bid requirements that Judge W. T. this as a blank check to do whatever was ncces­ interest payment of the mortgage bonds. The Newman of Atlanta had establi shed for the sale. sary to build the railroad and proceeded accord­ Central Trust Company of New York petitioned Finally, Charles Kimball of Summit, NJ, and ingly. This resulted in Sleep grades and a the federal court in Atlanta to place the railroad his associates bid $956,000 for both segments of W-shaped switchback across Bald Mountain as into receivership. The court agreed and appointed the railroad and were awarded possession on the railroad dropped 426' to the gorge of the J. B. Glover, superintendent of the railroad, as Novemhcr 25, 1895. Problems occurred again, Hiwassee River. receiver. In an attempt to alleviate some of the when this group failed to make the second pay­ Concurrent with this construction was the operating problems of the railroad, Glover ment of $150,000 in March 1896. Another standard gauging of the Georgia portion of the secured the court's permission to issue SI mil­ group came forward and bought lhe railroad in line by laying a third rail. This was completed lion in receiver's certificates to standard gauge April 1896 and reorganized it as the Atlanta, from Marietta to Tate (42 miles) by the end of the Murphy branch and to bypass the switch· Knoxville & Northern Railway (AK&N). The

M&NG 1114, a standard-gauge Baldwin built in 1889 became L&N class G18 #360 after the Marietta & North Georgia was taken over.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 15 M&NG #4 is a narrow-gauge Ten-Wheeler built in 1884 by Baldwin. new ownership proved so successful that the meal across the switchback and reassembled on circle Bald Mountain and to descend the 426' receivers were discharged in July 1897. the other side. This didn't cause problems at drop to Farner, TN, six miles away on the The new owners immediately began to tackle first because the Mariella and North Georgia Hiwassee River. The line completed one loop the two major operating problems of the railroad seldom operated trains longer than four cars. and crossed itself on a trestle 3.6 miles later. It by first standard gauging the Murphy branch in However. as bwincss increased and cars grew in then began to circle the mountain again, but November 1897. and then eliminating the night­ size, the switchback became intolerable. reached the riverbank before completing the marish switchback at the Hiwassee River the The railroad borrowed Location Engineer T. second complete loop. From Farner, the line following year. The switchback had limited the A. Aber from the Louisville and Nashville and then followed the Hiwassee River for the next size of the trains that could be operated over it to assigned him to resolve the problem. What Aber 15 miles. Trains traveling the loop would face three or four cars. Any train larger than this developed was an engineering marvel. Begin­ every direction of the compass and at one point would have to be broken apart and taken piece- ning at Appalachia, NC, the railroad began to on the loop would be only 601 apart vertically. -

M&NG #6, built in 1886, is virtually identical to #4. The cannister-type device on top of the cab and the cylindrical object below the cab are part of an Eames vacuum brake system. No.4 was also equipped with an Eames, but the cannister on top of the cab was "masked out" in the builder's photo.

'16 • Model Railroading April '1993 Are these Marietta & North Georgia locomotives? According to information from the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania the Anelka (#2) and the Mariana (#5) were both built by Baldwin in 1884 for the M&NG. Since neither locomotive is lettered for the M&NG and we are aware of conflicting information. we cannot confirm ownership. Can any readers provide additional help? What we do know is that the Anelka is Baldwin builder no. 7525 and the Mariana is builder no. 7526. According to information we have on the M&NG no. 5. it should be a 4-4-0 rather than a 2-6-0.

The combination of this loop and a 15° double­ It didn't take long for the L&N to realize it came into being. Chcssie System, also a corpo­ reverse curve at Tale Mountain gave the railroad had purchased an oJX!rational nightmare. Speed rate umbrella system, began looking around for the nickname of the "Hook and Eye." on the line was severely limited because of steep a merger partner. C&O had first fIied to merge grades and tight curves, some as tight as 16°. To with the N&W in the early '60s, but their joint louisville and Nashville Ownership eliminate these problems the L&N began con­ dependence on one commodity - coal - and a For many years the Southern Railway and the struction of a new line 20 miles west of the vast difference in management philosophy Louisville and Nashville Railroad operatcdjoint existing line and completed it in the spring of doomed it before it could get off the ground. service from Cincinnati to Atlanta, via Knox­ 1906. They diverted all the traffic over the new Chcssie again went hunting for a partner. Initially ville, by using a roule consisting of the L&N's line and relegated the "Old Line" to branchline they found the ailing B&O and then the Western Lebanon. KY, extension and the Southern's status to be used by locals only. Maryland, which was controlled by the B&O KnoxviI1e and Ohio branch. Interchange was To gain access to Atlanta. the L&N worked out through stock holdings. made between the two railroads at Jellico, TN, a trackage right arrangement with the Nashville, In early 1986, merger talks began in earnest on the Kentucky-Tennessee border. Chattanooga and SI. Louis (NC&StL), to which between Chessie and Family Lines, and on July The city of Cincinnati had always considered the state of Georgia had leased the Western and I, 1986, they came to fruition with the birth of itself a major transportation hub in the midwest., Atlantic tracks between Marietta and Atlanta. CSX Corporation and the vanishing of all the and with a combination of river traffic from the Eventually, the L&N would take control of the separate entities under common ownership. For­ east and west and rail traffic from the north, east NC&StL and no longcr require such an tunately, there was very little duplication of and west, it could rightly do so. What it didn't arrangement. trackage that had to be eliminated between the have was a good rail connection south. The city two companies except in Kentucky and Vir­ decided to build their own railroad across Ken­ Georgia Northeastern ginia. However, duplicate mileage existed inter­ tucky and connect with other railroads at Beginning in the early 19805 the railroad nally within both thc Chessie and the Family Knoxville. The L&N fought the construction situation in the Atlanta area began to be altered Lines systems. CSX immediately set out to dis­ with every trick in the book, but to no avail, as drastically. First, the Atlantic Coast Line and the pose of these duplicate lines either by abandon­ the railroad was completed and began operation. Seaboard agreed to merge forming the Seaboard ment or spinning them off Lo shortline op!rators. The Southern became interested in the new rail­ Coast Line. Then lhey extended the corporate One of these lines was the "Old Line" to road as an opportunity to take over the long-haul wnbrella over the olher railroads they controlled Knoxville. Thus was born the Georgia North­ business that it had shared with L&N for many to form the Family Lines System. A similar eastern on December 15,1988. years. They entered into an agreement with realignment was occurring within Southcrn's The Georgia Northeastern operates the lower Cincinnati and leased the Cincinnati Southern affiliated lines at the same time. Within months, 65.8 miles of track from Elizabeth Yard in Mari­ for 199 years. Originally known as the "Rat Atlanta found itself served by two railroads eUa to Ellijay. The railroad is currently owned Hole," for iLS many tunnels, this line is one of rather than six. by a group of stockholders who purchased the the most heavily used sections of today's Nor­ The concept of the system wnbrella had many railroad in 1990. The primary stockholder is folk Southern. drawbacks as each railroad still maintained its Wilds Pierce. The section of the "Old Line" Diversion of the Southern's traffic to its own separate identity. Facilities had been combined between Ellijay and Blue Ridge was purchased trackage meant that the L&N would have to in ci ties served by both of the larger companies, by the Georgia Department of Transportation look elsewhere for a roule into Atlanta. Seeing but motive power was s till controlled by the and is currently being held as part of the Gcorgia the AK&N as a logical solution to the problem, respective companies. This would sometimes Rail Bank. Eventually the Georgia Northeastcrn the L&N began to acquire control of the com­ lead to the embarrassing situation of a locomo­ expects to operate over this line to Blue Ridge. pany through purchase of its outstanding stock, tive from SeL being idle in the roundhouse The rest of the line between Blue Ridge and which it completed in 1902. The L&N also while the L&N was unable to operate a train for Copperhill, TN, is still operated by CSX on a organized a new company, the Knoxville, lack of motive power from the same terminal. once-a-week basis. LaFollette and Jellico Railroad, to build a con­ Duplicate management existed with SCL and Next time, we'll ride the Georgia Northeastern nection to its Lebanon line at Jellico 70 miles L&N both maintaining separate corporate head­ and look at their motive power and operations. away. Again the progress was difficult through quarters several hundred miles from each other. the mountains of norlheastern Tennessee, and Something had to give. Reference construction was often interrupted by earth Beginning in the early 19805, deregulation of American Narrow Gouge Railroads, George W. slides. The line was finally completed in 1905, the railroad industry began to take effect and the Hilton, Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA, giving the L&N its own direct line to Atlanta. development of the mega-railroads of today 1990. ~

April 1993 Model Railroading • 17 Pennsylvania Railroad GP35s: Enhancing Kato's Latest Geep

by Jim Six Photos by the author unless otherwise indicated

or those of us who have been in the hobby imagined that they would merge only to face the missed pholo opportunities that could be F since the 19505 it's difficulllO compre­ bankruptcy and fmancial ruin. revisited! hend the enormity of changes thal have tran­ How could America's two mightiest railroads I have been into prototype modeling for many spired in both the prototype and with models. I have fared so miserably? Subsidized competi­ years, building models based upon photographs have a difficult lime fathoming lhatthc steam tion from interstate highways and trucks is one and memories of my favorite subjects - of locomotive has been gone for more than 30 reason. A management mindset that railroading which there are many. But this doesn't mean years, or that the New York Cenlral, the Nickel was doomed and that their money could be bet­ that every last detail has to be recreated. Non­ Plate Road and the Pennsylvania arc two genera­ ter invested in real estate and other industries sense! This is where the "sticklers" and I part tions of railroads past. Even more amazing is was another. This certainly accelerated the losses company. I want my models 10 look like the real that the Atlantic Coast Line and the Seaboard to trucking. Rather then investing resources in thing, but not necessarily be exact replicas. The Air Line railroads arc four generations distant! the physical plant and lobbying government for two are inseparable, you contend? NOT! All Gone are many branch and secondary lines relaxation of regulation restrictions, funds were that is necessary is that our models convince the that once served the smaller Lowns and rural misappropriated and lost to non-railroad invest­ viewer that they are looking at the real thing communities of the Midwest and the East - in ments. The Penn Central didn't ruin Pennsy. The when Lhey arc placed on the pike. Now jf some­ my case, Ohio and western Pennsylvania. When Pennsylvania was already doomed, and its phys­ one takes out a set of blueprints and a scale I drive south on Interstate 77 through southern ical plant a wreck by the lime Penn Central ruler, I suggeslthat they revisit the door they Ohio I can't help but nolice the many small came along. PC s imply exacerbated the situa­ came in through! That's not my game. bridges and culverts remaining that mark the lion. And the NYC wasn't much better off. The level of detail necessary to achieve this right of way of a Pennsylvania branchline to We modelers shouldn't cry too much over depends upon the makeup of the audience. As I Marietta. It's sad. Gone arc many mainlines for what once was. We have the ability to bring it all alluded to at the end of the previous paragraph, I that matter. The Eric main across Ohio is but back, and with a bias away from the poor condi­ control the makeup of the audience that views weeds with much of the land it once traversed tions our favorite railroads had deteriorated 10. my models. Still, some model railroaders feci plowed under and planted with com. As I write We ean model them as we wish they were - not that I go to extremes in slriving for accuracy ... these words Conrail is single tracking the for­ necessarily as they really were! From what I've while others feel that J am a perpetrator pretend­ mer Pennsylvania mainline west of Canton to seen, modelers of the lale Pennsy era lypically ing to be a prototype modeler. Crestline. Beyond Crestline, the old Pennsy do this, albeit on a somewhat smaller scale. In this article we will take a look at the Penn­ main is gone in many places. We can recreate the locomotives, freight cars, sylvania Railroad's GP35 locomotives and how Most youngsters have no idea what it was like cabooses, structures and Ihe various scenes that I modeled them in HO scale. Some of you may when the Pennsylvania, self-proclaimed "stan­ were so appealing. The sights, sounds and feel that these two models are sub-standard. dard railroad of the world," was rivaled only by smells, if one so chooses, arc within our grasp. Some may find them intimidating and beyond the stately New York Ccnlral - the Water Level But I still dream about taking my Ranger 4X4, a your capabilities. Still others may find that really Route. We al1 felt that these two giants of rail­ brick of PKR Kodachrome, my trusty Minolta good, convincing models can be realized in a roading would last forever. Certainly none of us and a week to travel through lime. Think of all relative short time and with little in the way of

1 a • Model Railroading April 1993 The influx of high-quality foreign plastic Table - Roster or Pennsylvania Railroad Higb-Horsepower Four-Axle Diesels diesels has been accompanied by equally impres­ sive price tags. A few years ago the $50 barrier Builder Model Designation PRR No. Qty. was breached, and more recently the $100 barrier. EMD GP30 EF22 2198-2251 54 Curiously. this rapid escalation in prices has par­ EMD GP35 EF25 2252-2370 119 alleled a downturn in the economy, i.e .. the most GE U25B GF25 2500-2548. 2649-2658 59 recent recession from wroch we have yet to fully ALeo R527 AF24 2400-2414 15 recover. Even the Athearn diesel has risen in ALeo C424 AF24a 2415 1 price from under $20 to about $30. ALeo C425 AF25 2416-2446 32 A very unfortunate result of rising prices and a worsening economy is that we now have what TOTAL 280 appears to be a rather pronounced two-tier hobby - those who can afford hundred-dollar skilled work. I hope to convince you that the either Tuscan Red for passenger service or diesels and those who can't. It is interesting to latter is true. Brunswick Green for freight I'll grant you that a note that during the past few years, Athearn has Though the Pennsylvania diesel roster is Brunswick Green diesel is very dark and once introduced only two new (low-cost) diesels, often remembered for large Baldwin Centipedes weathered is sometimes difficult to tell from a whereas, the foreign competition has released at and shark-nosed locomotives, the bulk of the weathered black locomotive, but black they were least 12 (high-cost) diesel locomotives. roster consisted of plain Jane. run-of-the-mill not. Also, the name PENNSYLVANIA was If you are an Athearn modeler wanting to EMD road switchers. And of them most of us never applied to the sides of these locomotives. upgrade, but not wanting or able to afford Kato first think of the six-axle 5D35. 5D40 and 5D45 Here are some statistics for Pennsy's EMD GP35s, there is another approach. Fit a Rail units. But don '1 forget that until the final few GP35 locomotives. Power Products body to an Athearn drive, then years before Penn Central, four-axle power Weight: 261,860 pounds detail and paint it as I have done with my Kato dominated the Pennsy roster. Horsepower: 2,500 hp 35s. The misshapen Athearn cab and too-fat hood Before the SD35 and subsequent contempo­ Tractive effort: 65.465 pounds will be gone and the resulting model will have the rary six-motor locomotives, EMD F3, F7, GP7, Gear ratio: 62:15 right look - espeeiaily should you employ Can­ GP9, GP30 and GP35 units supplemented by Top speed: 71 mph non & Company kits and details. In fact, as far as similar locomotives from ALec and GE domi­ Horsepower and tractive effort was about that detail is concerned, a locomotive with Cannon nated Pennsy's fleet of road power. Six-axle of a heavy Mikado or Mountain steam locomo­ parts and the Rail Power body can be made better­ locomotives were considered an anomaly and tive. Top speed was also about that of these two looking than the Kato version. Besides, should were restricted to yard and other "light" duty. classes of steamers. But there are two very you win the lotto such models can be repowered The taccompanying able shows the types and important differences. The diesel could produce with can motors; then they will run as smoothly numbers of four-axle road switchers acquired by full horsepower from the get-go, whereas the as the Kato. The only hilCh is that by time you do the Pennsy during the early 1960s. steamer had to be up to track speed before it was all of this you will have matched or exceeded the As early diesels rolled up the miles it became able to do so. Further, the steamer was typically cost of the Kato GP35. Regardless of yoW" fman­ apparent to all but the blind that EMD power available for work less than half of its service­ cial situation, I do not recommend using the was generally superior to that of other builders. able life, while the diesel had about a 90 percent Athearn GP35 without at least replacing the body. General Electric was just geuing started in the availability factor, effectively making the diesel It's little league on a pro-league drive (note that I business of producing road power and was yet worth about two comparable stearn locomotives. did not say "major-league" drive). to establish a track record. So it was no small Originally used on the growing neet of "Truc­ I won't get into how to prepare an Athearn wonder that the Pennsy went back to EMD to Trains," the GP30 and GP35 locomotives soon GP35 using a Rail Power body - that's another replace older locomotives. The result was a fleet found themselves working everything from locals slory. Our approach here will be focused on of second-generation diesel road switchers dom­ to coal and ore drags. Then after 1964 when the preparing a pair of Kato GP35s - one factory inated by EMD products, primarily the GP35 as SD35s, then SD40s and SD45s, began arriving painted and the other undecorated - to repre­ you can see from the accompanying table. on the property, the GP35s were largely moved sent a couple of Pennsylvania locomotives of Pennsy 's designation system is simple to west to the flatter terrain of Ohio, Michigan. Indi­ like kind. Some enhancement is included, but interpret. The nrst letter represents the builder: ana and lllinois where high-horsepower four-axle realize that when starting with the Kato model A for ALCo, B for Baldwin, E for EMD, G for locomotives were better suited. Enough said. Any there isn't a lot that has to be done. GE, etc. The second lener tells whether the unit more prototype infonnation is left to the experts. The old adage that you get what you pay for is freight (F), passenger (P), or dual service applies to the Kate GP35. It is so good that only Thb Model (FP). The numbers represent horsepower in hun­ simple detail enhancements along with some dreds. For example, an EF25 is EMD, freight, We live in a time of escalating prices and face "tastefully" applied weathering is called for to 2500 hp, i.e., a GP35. On the other hand a BP20 an invasion of foreign-produced models - par­ transform the out·of-the-box model into a real (not listed in the table) would be Baldwin, pas­ ticularly locomotives. I for one buy American work of art. Along with its sister SD40, the Kato senger, 2000 hp, a Baldwin passenger shark! products when all other considerations are GP35 is one of the finest HO scale models of a From the accompanying roster you can see approximately equal. But in the case of model diesel locomotive ever produced. I dare say it that EMD GP35s were the most numerous four­ locomotives, my once Athearn-dominated roster rivals brass and is certainly a better value for the axle "high-horsepower" Wlits on the Pennsylva­ has taken on a Japanese, Chinese and Austrian model railroader. Collectors and accumulators are nia's roster. The normally aspirated GP7 and bias in recent years. another story. GP9 units were much less than 2,000 and not Admittedly, Athearn has made serious strides As pointed out earlier, one of the models fea­ considered high horsepower; high horsepower in detail improvement and accuracy, but even tured here started as factory painted. I bought was was considered to be over 2,000 hp at that with the new five-pole skew-wound motors they the painted model first because I didn't have time. now usc, they lose to foreign competition in the enough "loose change" to buy two. Settling for All of the locomotives listed in the table were area of locomotive performance. Kalo of Japan one Kato Geep. I went home to look it over and painted new in Pennsy's last, somewhat 3-D has set the standard in this arena. Further, Life­ see what would be called for to prepare it as a paint scheme - red keystones on Brunswick Like (China) and Roco (Austria) have essentially prototype model. Upon close examination, I Green (ahnost black) paint. Contrary to what far matched Kato in both performance and detail. wasn't happy. too many model railroaders believe, Pennsy The result is that most of my recent locomotives As with the earlier Kato SD40s, the model's diesels were NOT painted black. All were painted are imports. paint was not what one would expect on a plas-

April 1993 Model Railroading • 19 \

20 • Model Railroad"1"9 April '1993 tic diesel retailing for $109.95. The road num­ are fine, but at .024, the railings are too thick. bers were too large, not the right color and not Drilling through and using the Kato stanchions opaque. But at least the numbers were applied saved $12 that would have been spend on brass straight, more than could be said for the key­ stanchions. stones. which were al1 crooked. If there is a Of the various detail parts that can be added, legitimate gripe with Kala diesels. it has to be one in partiCUlar "says Pennsy" - the cab sig­ with their paint. Paint and lettering on models nal box located on the front porch alongside the from some competing manufacturers are superior. nose. The GP35 units had the earlier large three­ I was glad that I hadn't bought two painted strap box. Detail Associates offers this item in models. Next payday I went back to the Comer styrene, so it will snug right down with liquid Store to pick up a second Kata GP35 - an styrene cement undecorated version! The cab signal box necessitated relocating two If you have an airbrush and can painl, I recom­ grabirons. The one on the engineer's side of the mend starting with an unpainted version - if you nose is blocked by the signal box, so it was relo­ can fmd any. Should you have 10 settle for a painted cated to the opposite side. The grab on top of the version. careful1y wet-sand the graphics from the nose offset to the engineer's side is relocated off­ model using 1200-grit wet-dry sandpaper (avail­ set to the frreman's side. This detail was carried able from automotive paint suppliers). over to Penn Cenrral and Conrail EMDs. There is another way 10 get graphics off your Install Tichy formed-wire offset grabirons in Kato diesel. Blast it off in a blasting booth like the holes intended for Kato's molded plastic the one offered by North Coast Prototype versions, which are on the hefty sidc. Dab the Models. Adjusting the air pressure to just wtder ends of each in ACC cement, then press them !:l 20 psi, the graphics can be removed without into the holes. I fowtd that some of Lhe holes had harming the paint beneath. For that mauer, rais­ 10 be cleared with a No. 76 drill before the grabs en> u [!R) '"Vl ing the air pressure to about 50 psi, you can would fit. Holes were also drilled for rooftop lift 0 rings and Detail Associates metal eyebolts were ~ :t remove al1 paint in short order. The aluminum @!J oxide used as the abrasive grit will not harm the ACC'd into each location. There is a large "::!i '"~ 0 plastic. In fact it will leave a perfect surface for curved grab on the roof just to the rear of the last @!J '"\:) ...'" ~ ~ ® ~ painting. fan. Kato includes this grab. but like the others, ~ ;:l~Vl I invested about five hours in preparing each it is too hefty. I used a Detail Associates curved C 0 ....J of the two Pennsylvania GP35s shown here. caboose grab in its place. es~OO....l [!R) -"';Q..g:~~ Each was enhanced with commercially avail­ Pennsy's GP35s were not equippcd with ~ ol",w....lC) ",,,, 0",.0 were painted and weathered to represent typical phones was discontinued several months before B lOw",,,, PRR GP35s during the final five years of the the first GP35s arrived on the property. Instead. C§3 ",ff:::!iW Pennsy or the rust few years of the Penn Cenb"al high-band FM radios compatible with those s:~~~ era. They will go well with the PelUlsy and Penn used by the New York Central were used. The ~~~8 Central cabooses featured a few issues back. small tel1tale Sinclair radio antenna is located w'" z ~ > ;;20 The first order of business is to familiarize atop the cab roof. It is positioned immediately (i!j/) (ij OZ yourself with the prototype. This means study­ above the engineer's control stand. A three· g Ul :... ing photos of PelUlsy GP35s in action and roster lrllmpct Leslie hom is used. It is drilled for and ~ ~ l:l E" shots. ]n particular, pay close attention to detail installod just ahove the headlight. E and weathering effects on the Pennsylvania The cast-on sand·fill hatches are shallow and ~ ~ ~ ~ '" Brunswick Green. Determine where detail is not very good when compared to other cast-on ~ ;;2 5 and which items you intend to include on your detail. Both should be carved off and replaced B O u model(s). Obviously there aren't sufficient pho­ with Detail Associates parts. Kato's cast-on Vl'" tos in this article to do so. Several books are headlight fixtures were retained, but the clear readily available that will do, among them lenses were shortened to allow room for MV Pennsy Power II by Alvin Staufer or any of the LS22 lenses to fit. The marker lamps can be in five all-color Pennsy Diesel Years books by countersunk to accept red MY LS301 lenses Robert Yanosey. installed. Note that this can be done before ~ Though an excellent model, the Kato GP35 painting. When the model is complete, a small can be improved. For starters, the hand brake brush dipped in thinner will clean the lenses. I recessed into the side of the nose isn't deep have found that this leaves a more realistic­ enough and detracts from the overall appearance looking marker lamp than fitting the lens after of the mooel. Correcting this isn'( very difficult. the model is painted. Cut out Lhe cutout (cute!) and back it with the Directing our attention to the pilot axeas, sev­ corresponding section cut out from a leftover eral prominent details on the prototype can be side of a Cannon & Company nose kit. Install included on the model with little trouble. Kato the Cannon brake ratchet in the new pocket. One inc1udes cut levers and a full-width grab to be could replace the entire nose with a Cannon installed to the pilot faces. The cut levers are nose kit, but attempting to keep costs low I good enough and ACe cement will secure them. opted to pass on that one. However, I don't care for the wide grab that The hand brake and its housing is one of two goes across the top of each pilot. You may wish modifications I made to my Kato GP35s. The to replace them with formed .019 brass rod. other was to cut the stanchions free from the Detail Associates MU hoses round out pilot railings and drill them through, then fit .019 detailing. Consider tucking them into the hose formed-brass wire railings. The Kate stanchions pocket at the base of the pilots.

April '1993 Model Railroading • 2'1 The large MU electrical jumper cables lhat was cut free from the plastic railings and drilled Nevertheless, I decided to give the paint a try connect the MU boxes of coupled locomotives to accept more accurate railings. This step using my Wren. Maybe with my years of paint­ are rarely modeled. Don't overlook this detail. shouldn't be necessary on a hundred-dollar ing experience I could make do. NOT! I tried They can be easily modeled using Details diesel, but as yet, Kato and other manufacturers applying the Accu-Aex paint at 35 psi right out West's cast soft white-metal MU jumper cables. haven't found it important enough to produce of the bottle. It was a disaster. The paint pud­ To secure them in place so they won't get accurate railings. Hopefully this will change. dled, then ran like water down window glass. I knocked off during an operating session I drill got the worst paint job I had ever done. I varied and pin them to the MU boxes. The cables are '... , the pressure but saw no improvement - there shaped and ei ther draped over something to What paint you choose is up to you. During was no best pressure, all ended with terrible keep from dragging, or drilled and pinned to the the past three decades I have experimented with results. Frustrated, I tried reducing the paint other MU box. MU cables should be painted all kinds of paint and have obtained the best with water. It only got worse. either an oxide red color or black. Suit yourself. results with Accu+paint, Floquil or Scalecoat II Frustrated and ready to give up, I tried one I like red because they can be seen at a much paints reduced with automotive lacquer thinner. more trick that I learned with Accu+paint - greater distance. If I didn't want them seen, I However, the recent introduction of Badger's which is supposed to be mixed with alcohol. I wouldn't install them in the first place­ Accu-Flex model paint fLim has prompted me to dwnpcd some Accu-Flex Brunswick Green into another option. reconsider my time-proven methods and evalu­ an empty Floquil paint bottle, then thinned it Kato has done a nice job on detailing the fuel­ ate Accu-Aex to see if it is as good as so many with automotive lacquer thinner!!! At first I fill area. We can furlher enhance detail in this people are saying. didn't think it would mix. Several BBs were area by drilling out the fuel-filler pipe opening in As explained by Badger. Accu-Flex is a placed in the jar and the mixture was thoroughly the skirts above the front of the fuel tank. Once I water-based organic paint mm that is not harm­ shaken. Darned if it didn't mix right up. This had opened it up, I baeked the opening in the skin ful to the environment. It is not supposed to be was a mix of two parts thinner to one part Accu­ with .040 sheet styrene. Details West fuel-filler thinned and works well when applied directly Flex. Much to my surprise. when I sprayed it pipes were fitted by drilling a hole through the from the bottle with an internal-mix airbrush with my Binks Wren at 35 psi, a pretty good backing and cementing each in place. A Details (such as a Badger 2(0) with 32 psi air pressure. paint surface resulted. West air filler was auached to the front of the fuel Therein lie two big problems for most modelers. I thinned the Accu-Aex even further to three tank on the engineer's side. Many of us don't have internal-mix airbrushes, parts lacquer thinner to one part Accu-Flex paint Some would contend that we're nit-picking having opted instead for the more popular exter­ and the result was an even bener fmish - rival­ now. Horse hockey. We're having fun and it ain't nal-mix versions such as a Binks Wren. Of ing that of any paint I had used in the past. I costing much money! A detail enhancement that equal concern is that few model railroaders have tried several mix ratios and got the best results won't cost anything but five minutes of your time an air compressor capable of32 psi output when with a ratio of four parts thinner to one part is to use a small rattail file to shape the frame the brush is triggered. If Badger's Accu-Flex is paint. As for air pressure, 45 to 50 psi worked jacking pads located on the bottom of the sidesill to be used as per the manufacturer's directions, best, though pressure down to 30 to 35 psi centered above each truck. If you look closely, you will need to have an internal-mix airbrush worked okay. The need for the higher pressure the outline of the correct shape is seen on their and a (preferably regulated) compressor capable was probably due to the fact that I was painting outer surface. The excess plastic should be carved of sustaining 32-psi output. in an unheated room with a temperature only or filed away using this oulline as a guide. I have the compressor. but my airbrush is a barely above freezing. Go ahead and install the couplers of your Binks Wren that I swear by. It has provided more Some observations. It's too soon for conclu­ choice. I recommend using Kadee· No . 8 cou­ than 25 years of excellent service, and I'm not sions. I found that Accu-Flex thinned 4: 1 with plers. Along with the much older No.4, they about to abandon it. Call me stubborn, but I'm automotive lacquer thinner covers better than provide the best action of any Kadee coupler. not yet ready to buy a new brush just to have one any paint I have ever used. Because the paint Now it's time to install lhe railings and stan­ capable of applying this new paint. I'm sure that covers with such a thin coat, the quality of the chions. As pointed out earlier, each stanchion I'm not the only one to "cop" this attitude! resulting painted surface depends not on the paint, but on the quality of the surface you are painting. If it is perfectly smooth, you will get Bill of Materials an absolutely marvelous finish. However, Manufacturer Part No, DescrIption should there be any blemish in the surface, it will show right through the paint. Surface prepa­ Kato Undecorated GP35 ration wi1l be more important with Accu-Flex, Detail Associates 1503 MU receptacles but if you prepare carefully. you will achieve the 1507 MU receptacles best-possible painted surface. 1508 MU hoses In short. I highly recommend Accu-F1ex paint 1803 Sinclair radio antCIUla thinned with lacquer thinner. But be warned. by 2206 Formed-wire eyebolts (lift rings) using lacquer thinner as a reducing mediwn, you 2305 3-strap cab signal box defeat one of the primary features of this paint 2506 .019 brass rod film - it will no longer be non-toxic. Conse­ 2508 .028 brass rod (sand hoses) qucnlly, you should use the same safety and health 3001 Sand-fill hatches precautions as with other solvent-based paints. 6503 Caboose grab Details Wcst 132 Hand-brake ratchet 154 Air filter Microscale has recenlly upgraded its Pennsyl­ 166 Fuel-filler pipes vania decal sets; they offer your best bet for 190 Leslie air hom coming up with an accurate model. Road num­ 218 MU cable bers. keystones and warning labels are all Tichy Train Group 3015 Formed-wire drop-type grabirons included. The ACI board on the 2253 is from a MY Products LS22 Headlight lenses Herald King set and the RADIO EQUIPPED LS301 Red marker lamp lenses decal on 2253 's battery-box doors came from Accu-Aex 16-16 Brunswick Green . Microscale 87-21 PRR diesel hoods Weathering I leave to you, but then you Kadee 8 Couplers already know how I feel about that subject!

2.. • Model Railroading April 1993 The model PRR 2253 (above) started out as a factory-painted Kato model while PRR 2274 (bottom) was painted with Badger's new Accu-Flex paint. In addition to the expected details added, note the small piece of angle material added to protect the fuel-system air filter on both the model and prototype 2253.

PRR 2253 as seen here is really Penn Cen­ tral 2253. Note Penn Central GP40 3124 coupled behind her. This January 31, 1970, photo shows 2253 still in virgin Pennsy paint. Only the radio decal below the number on the cab and the ACI board on the side of the long hood were added to the original paint - both applied by the Pennsy. Elkhart, IN. Mont Switzer photo, Jim Six collection

To get Badger's new Accu-Flex paint to work satisfactorily in an external-mix air­ brush, Jim thinned it with automotive lacquer thinner, thus making this non­ toxic paint toxic. Although Badger and Model Railroading do not recommend this practice since it eliminates one of the primary advantages of Accu-Flex, Jim's method is described in the text. Badger has announced plans to release a non­ toxic retarder that will slow the drying time and thereby make Accu-Flex more compatible with an external-mix brush. Use of a singl~action, Internal-mix brush and 32 psi are still recommended as being the best way to take full advan­ tage of the benefits of this paint.

~

April 1993 Model Railroading • 23 Ed San icky's CR 5074 is coupled to an ADM tank car (see April 1992 Model Railroading) as it passes an old Swift packing plant in an urban industrial area. Placing that tanker as the first head car is not a safety violation; corn syrup tankers are not "dangerous.'"

"W arking Together for Safety, Service, body. I removed the lug, centering bushing and ciates # 1202 underframe bell is mounted on the Success." That's what it says on that the edges of the coupler mounting pad, drilling fireman's side just forward of the air tank. "Labor/Management Project" decal which and lapping for a 2-56 screw. See Figure I for A 3400-series Athearn "B" Boat supplies the adorns the short hood of Conrail's B40-8 General exact specifications. trucks and motor for our unit, unless the mod­ Electric series 5060-5089. Next we'll move to the fuel tanks (see Figure eler desires an alternate source. At some point Dubbed "Safety Boats" by crews and rail fans. 2) where I added the Delails We" #149 GE fuel you'll discover that the splines included with these modem units' most noticeable quality is filler, lbe Cal-Scale #431 fuel gauge (alop the the 3400 series are too short (due to the longer that they're BIG. Boxy, powerful-looking, cov­ lank) and lhe Precision Scale #39011 fuel sighl wheelbase of the B40-8), so you'll need to ered with louvers and grilles, they transmit trac­ glass (see Figure 3 for modifications of the sight acquire a pack of Athearn #40015 splines. Or tive effort both to the railheads and into a glass). perhaps your tastes run to a NorthWest Short viewer's skeletal system as they move toJUlage The air tanks come with the Rail Power kit and Line #18339 Sagami can motor, which will seemingly without effort. are placed on each end of the fuel tank. We can also fit the Rail Power Products frame with no The logo reflects pride as well - ooth that of then drill center modifications. one of the country's eminently successful rail­ holes in the ends of As for the trucks, .012 brass wire is used for roads and of its employees in their equipment the tanks and add the air lines added to the Rail Power Products and operations. In fact, many of Lhose employees the air lines using sideframes. Sanding pipes were made from .022 quickly grabbed up Conrail stock when the .015 brass wire, the brass wire. I added a Detail Associates #2802 railroad "went public," thus making Lhem part opposi te ends of GE speed recorder to the rear axle of the front owners as well as workers. which disappear un­ truck on the fireman's side. Let's start construction wiLh the underframe, derneath the walk­ Once everything is assembled and operating as supplied by Rail Power Products, which ways. Now add the to your satisfaction, remove the molor and offers the complele Dash 8-40B kil (Conrail's Delails We" #139 trucks and paint the truck sideframes and under­ designation is reversed) including frame, air filter set. The frame assembly black. dummy trucks, sideframes, brake wheel, .015 brass wire rep­ exhaust. cast delrin handrails and stanchions. resenting the air line Time for Ihe "Body Work" My major modification pennits mounting the disappears under the Run 8 Pro duel ions (P.O. Box 25224, Kadee couplers to the frame rather than to the ....______"'" cab. A Detail Asso- Rochester, NY 14625) is a relatively new com-

24 • Model Railroading April 1993 pany which supplies window inserts for Athearn and Rail Power Products shells. If you choose to use them, now is the time La cUL their #1860 window kit to size and test-fit the individual pieces inside the cab. Of course you'll need to remove them again until after the unit is painted. Now glue the one-piece numberboard and headlight assembly to the Rail Power cab. Once the cement is set, drill out the holes (according to kit instructions) for the Detail Associates #17(1) clear headlight lenses and the MV22 (red class light) lenses as well as the A-Line #2200 windshield wipers (but don '[ install them yet!). Also drill the hole for the Detail Associates #1803 Sinclair antenna. Additionally, place a Detail Associates #2202 grabiron on the front of the engineer's comparbncnt and a #6210 grab­ iron above it on top of the roof. In the shadow of the westbound home signal at Rochester. PA. an engine maintainer You'll also need a piece of Evergreen Scale from nearby Conway Yard delivers bags of ice to the crew of CR 5084 just prior to its , Models #8204 2x4, cut to a scale l' in length, departure as the lead unit of TV9. Note the Pennsy position light signals. which will serve as the mounting platform for the EOT (End-of-Train: Conrail calls it a "mark­ er") antenna - they're scratchbuilt out of .012 brass wire. Figure 4 provides locations. The Rail Power casting is extremely clean and virtually free of flash, although you might find just a bit of clean-up work necessary on Ihe radiator flare and near the air intake behind the cab. The two radiator inserts must then be installed on the roof of the long hood. An excellent resource for placement of the long-hood grabirons is the April 1989 edition of Model Railroader. Note that Conrail has added a vertical grab iron to the engineer's side of the long end. Also see the accompanying prototype photos for this information. The rear headlight is a Detail Associates #1003 headlight casting. We'll also add an Overland Models #9152 "V "-style coupler lift bar and a Details West #196 spare knuckle. We won't install them yet, but we'll drill the holes for the MU hoses and main air hose. Move to the radiator flares and add the four scale I" x 8" x 1 W' inspection panels to each side. The first panel is located at the extreme end of the long hood; each succeeding panel is centered between the sections of the top inserts. The accompanying prototype photographs will help you identify these locations. The Details West #190 Leslie 3-chimc air hom is centered atop the hood a scale 9Vz' for­ ward from the edge of the radiator assembly. Because blowing snow makes the the horns It's crew change time at Berea. OH. as CR 5063 arrives with an eastbound freight. inoperative, Conrail now keeps the trumpet bells covered - an effect I simulated by filling them in with Dr. MicroLOols Supreme model puny. Sand it to Lhe correct contour. Now we'll move to the engineer's side of the short hood, where a Details West #179 EMD/GE brake wheel must be installed. Atop the short hood are two grabirons which are formed from .015 brass wire. Another pair of custom-made grabirons must be created (this is best done on the workbench using the dry decal as a template) to surround the "Labor/Manage­ ment" decal. You should find Lhem to be a scale 33" high x 18" wide. This overhead view at East Conway. PA, shows the distinctive roof detail of the B40-8, Moving down to the pilot, drill the holes especially the inspection panels and the miniature Sinclair antenna which Ed San icky (Cominued on page 62.) included on his model.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 25 -lLoIIck Flats Flats (and friends)

The most numerous, and I feel most interesting, intermodal car in modern railroading is the trailer flat. The variations can add opera­ tional interest and color to your layout. The cars carry truck trailers, containers on trailers and containers on pedestals. Trains that ply the Jersey Western carry a lot of these flats and they figure into a lot of the layout's operations. You can produce a fleet of the cars inexpensively for your layout. by Jim Mansfield The basic autorack varieties during the '70s were the BlTX and TfBX (open bi-Ievels), CTTX (coverless enclosed tri-Ievel), EITX (fully Photos by the author enclosed tri-Ievel), KTIX and TIKX (hinged second/third level tri-levels; also called a spring deck), ITGX (fully enclosed bi-Ievel), RITX and y all-time favorite freight car has to be the 89' piggyback flatcar TIRX. (open tri-Ievels). Many of the open racks received side panels by the M (tote). I have always enjoyed seeing a train of these cars snaking end of the '70s. through yard trackage. pitching to and fro and creaking as they negotiate Other 89' special-purpose cars included the FTrX (with tie·down crossovers and yard leads. These cars, unlike their passenger-car counter­ devices for loading automobile or truck frames), the ITTX (with end parts, always seem out of place and much too large for the yards they travel pedestals and 62 winches with chains for transporting trailer tractors sad- Watching them traverse yard leads designed for 50' boxcars always stirs my blood. And, there is nothing more "railroad-y" than a 6O-car tole train bolDlCing and skipping along a main at 70 miles per hour. Having these cars on a layout (circa late '60s to present) completes the look and feel of proto­ type railroading. These car models are definitely not for setting on a dis­ play shelf! While my interest in totes is not on the technical side - compiling rivet counts and the like - I have been interested in the operations and "the sense" of trailer flats on the layout. They offer the model railroader an opportunity to combine the two largest, and I'll say most important, trans­ portation modes in this country. The interest of these cars to model builders might well be minima1, but to us model railroaders, they offer a wea1th of operations .

•me 0 grol Id The 89' tote comes in lengths ranging from 85' to 89' 4" with the most common length being the 89 ' 4" version. This length also carries various autoracks. In the late '70s, Trailer Train had the largest fleet of these cars, numbering over 70,000. The Trailer Train trailer flat came in four two­ Shown are four variations of trailer hitches, starting with the hitch configurations (GTrX, LITX, ITAX and ITX) capable of transport­ Athearn kit's hitches, used on the kitbashed cars In this article. ing two 40' trailers. The TIAX also carried containers (20' and 40') or a Clockwise, from upper left, unmodified, screw-operated with combination of both trailers and containers. There was a1so the XTIX, original 39"-long hitch plate; screw-operated hitch with later equipped with four hitches per car, which could carry two trailers (with one 30"-long hitch plate; Trinity (Pullman Standard design) with 28" being 45' if required) or three 28' trailers, and the TICX, which had no hitch plate; and rigid non-

26 • Model Railroading April '1993 Florida East Coast 4062 is like the many FEe cars used as a guide for producing the FEC cars in this article. These cars are like the older TIAX fleet. November 24,1992; EI Paso, TX.

Trailer Train WTTX 156231 is a car in the same original TIX series as WTTX 159614 built in this article. There were 3.425 cars in this series with numbers ranging from 156000-159768. EI Paso, TX.

Trailer Train KTIX 251054 also started life as a TIX car in the series 250290-252646. This is the prototype for the car in this article, including American Car & Foundry hitches. Rincon, NM.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 27 dleback style), the JTIX (specially modified cars with miscellaneous the model's 84' 8" length, re-arrange the position of the center hitch and devices for special services), the ZTTX (with 30 slake pockets, 15 per side, move the hand-brake assembly. These are simple changes requiring only a for transporting long poles) and the TTDX (with 16 tie-down winches with razor saw, miter box, #11 and # 17 blades and holder, pin vise, #80 and l/u" chains for transporting military vehic1es semi-saddleback style). drill bits, sma11 and large nat files, emery paper (400 grit), pink pearl eraser, Some of these reponing marks have gone through some changes relative contour putty, alpha cyanoacrylate (ACC), Hobsco Goo· and styrene adhe­ to the types of cars they now represent. In the late '80s, the GTIX report­ sives. You must also have an ei\tra car kit to use in utending the body and ing mark disappeared. The BTYX came to be used on rail bogeys for use under frame. with carless technology. The TITX is now used not only for (railer tractors, Lengthening the car requires making two cuts across the body casting, but also for large trucks and military vehicles. The TTCX included 60' cars five cuts to re-position the center hitch of the car and three cuts each to repo­ for containers in addition to the 89' cars, and the TTNX were earmarked sition the four end container pedestal wens on the ends of the car. These bi-Ievel racks with no end doors or side panels. modifications result in a car that is very close to the prototype. The biggest The KlTX flat became a "twin-45" trailer flat with a non-collapsible anomaly remaining is the lengths of the four long pedestal tracks on the deck. hitch on each end of the car. They are used only atlift-on/lift-off facilities. All the prototype cars I have measured (FEC, original TTAX and loday's The cars can carry a pair (two 45', one 42' and one48', one 40' and one TTWX) show Ihe long track's lengths to vary from 19' 1" to 20' 0" when 48' or any combination not ei\ceeding 90') of trailers. The trailer kingpin measured from the center of the retracted pedestal wells. The Athearn must be 36" or less from the end of the trailer, and the ends of the trailers model's tracks measure 18' 7". With the amount of work that would be can hang 4" to 6" past the end of the car. It should be noted that the coupler required to lengthen the tracks, 1 am sure you will agree to leave well enough striker plates on the cars are on the order of 4" wide, giving a tolallength of alone! The cars still look "good 'nough." Photo 1 shows the required cuts 90' over the strikers. A benefit of this configuration is that the doors of the that need to be made to the car body to allow the modifications. trailers arc just a few inches apart, affording ei\cellent security while the Additionally, the trailer tire guides (rub-rails) need to be removed in the trailers are on the cars. area aft of the hitches where the trailer's landing gear resides. The angled The RTYX became a "triple 28/twin 45" trailer flat with three hitches, portions were also added. The amount removed is about 6' (I say "about." and the TYAX reporting mark is now used on a five-unit All-Purpose Spine because some of the prototype cars have been modified just as with this Car (sec page 46 of the December 1992 issue of MRG). model) and the short angle (30°) pieces are about a foot long. There are new additions to the neel of trailer-nat reporting marks. The The hand-brake assembly must be removed and placed on the other end WITX ("twin 45") and TTWX ("twin 45" with moveable, foldaway con­ of the car, since the Athearn model has the handle on the wrong end of the tainer pedesta1s and long coupler draw head) are now in service. The STTX car. The "S" end of the car contains the end hitch. The pivot point of the reporting mark has also appeared. The TfEX is a two-car affair, semi-per­ brake handle is 4' 8" fTom the end of the car. The back surface of the end of manently coupled (drawbar) for transporting three 57' trailers and, in some the brake handle is cut to the contour of the front of the handle so that a cases, also capable of transporting four 45' trailers. I will be building some switchman can grasp the handle. The hand-brake assembly is removed of these in an upcoming article. prior to making any other cuts. The cast-on handholds are removed using Early '90s changes included the RTIX becoming a single- or multi-unit the #17 blade and a small file. The cast rivet detail for the side handholds is (two and four units) car and the return of the GlTX reporting mark as a car left on the body and acts as a guide for drilling holes for the wire hand­ modified for autorack application. The TTQX has appeared as a tri-Ievel holds. The holes will be drilled above the rivets and the handholds will autorack. There arc other cars, and these will be discussed in future articles stick above the deck. The ACI (automated car identification) label holder in this series. and other sidesil1 detail (ei\cept the truck bolster ends) are removed nei\t All Trailer Train cars were repainted from the original Tuscan Red using the #17 blade and file. Note that the ACI holder can be left on if a scheme to the yellow and black design during the late '70s, and starting in 1970s TTAX car is being built. The rivet detail on the ends is removed July 1991, the new TTX (frailer Train Corporation) logo has been showing using the # 17 blade and set aside for replacement later. up on some cars. Using the razor saw, the two cuts across the car are made 2.200" from Other railroads also had the "89' -style" flatcar. The cars were generally each end of the carbody casting. A piece of spare body .333" long is added equipped like the lTAX and lTX Trailer Train cars and were painted in at each cut. The measurement for the inserted piece is detennined by start­ the railroad's schemes. ing with the final length of 89' 4" equaling 12.328". Athearn's body is 11.686", from which two saw·cut widths (.012 each) must be subtracted, Florida East Coost (FEC 4321) and this value (11.662) in tum subtracted from 12.328, resulting in .666 The original tote design was for transporting two 40' trailers. The two which, when halved, equals .333. Making two cuts and splitting the length hitches faced the same direction with the kingpin centerlines (the cenlers of to be added adds equal length to either side of the center line. This is the holes in the hitch plates for holding the kingpins on the trailers) located important since the container pedestal tracks are centered on the car's deck. approi\imately 4' 8" and 51' 6" from the "B" end (end with the hand-brake assembly) of the car. The front ends of the trailers both faced toward the "B" end of the car. FEC 4321 is an Overland brass model (#OM I-3025/HO 337· =11 Scale) of such a car. Their car is configured as a TfAX-style 89' 4" car 4 PLACES I I with screw-operated retracting trailer hitches and foldaway moveable con­ I tainer pedestals. This model can be used as a Trailer Train car for the '70s. I For this car, I chose the Florida East Coast road name for the circa 1991 Jersey Western layout because all the Trailer Train cars of this specific con­ figuration (i.e., the hitches at the measurements given) were converted to TTWX cars by 1988. FEC still has this configuration painted Tuscan Red. This is also a reason for choosing FEC; this color hails back to the original Trailer Train color scheme.

To finish the model, Floquil paint (fuscan Red for the car and Reefer • ACIlJAL DIMENSION OF PIECE White mixed 50/50 with Grime for the safety anti-skid trailer wheelways, 1 - The cutting diagram for building an older-style (circa 1970s) with Weathered Black for the underframe) was used. The order of painting Trailer Train TTAX car from an Athearn All Purpose kit is shown was primer, white, red (after masking the wheelways) and finally the black. in this photo. The solid lines represent cuts to the body that will Herald King decals (set F121O) were used to stencil the leltering. become the final car. The dashed lines are cuts that need to be made to a spare body. All the required dimensions are given. Florida East Coost (FEC 4142) These cars, with hitches relocated, became Trailer Train's nwx To make one of the Florida East CoasL/ITAX-style 89' 4" cars from an cars of today. Florida East Coast still has this style of car in Athearn all-purpose flat requires some kitbashing to lengthen the car from operation.

28 • Model Railroading April '1993 This method of determining the length of pieces to be added should be the si1ls Slay in place. The strikers are auached directly above the coupleT used any time a saw cut is made. The greater the number of cuts, the more opening. the allowance for the cuts comes into play. Holes for the handholds (using the pin vise and #80 bit to driB holes for The cuts to relocate the center hitch are made with the # 11 blade. The the A-Line handholds) are dril1ed and the rivet details added to the ends of location of the hitch kingpin hole on the fmished model is 51' 6" from the the car. The handholds are then attached using Goo. For the side hand holds, "B" end of the car. It was determined that the hitch-mount arrangement the A-Line "drop-style" handholds are straightened and re-bent with a drop needed to be moved 2' 9" (.380) farther from the "B" end of the car. The of .085. When placed on the car "upside down," they protrude .045 (the short, .380 piece removed fTOm the "A" end of the cutout section is placed desired scale 4") above the deck. The end handholds are straightened and on the "B" end when re-assembled to the body. Note that the cuts made applied. The rivet detail is glued below the handhold wire. An additional with the blade are very thin and do not require any allowance to be made. task is to remove two center pins on the underside of the body, as they will The cuts (two with the raror saw and one with the #11 blade) made to re­ not fit into the lengthened underframe. position the pedestal wells on the ends of the car result in the wells' being The hand-brake assembly casting is attached to the "B" end of the car moved closer (9 112") to the center of the car. They also add the second with the pivot of the handle 4' 8" from !.he end of the car. extended position notch not present on the Athearn model. Photo I shows typical dimensions for the pieces removed from the spare body to be added to the model FEC car.

_ .. ._ •• ",11" · - ", .- I - ',' .,- ~if." "<1 --:;,. '. ' _~ .". "~H¥ ___ , ...... ,.. ~ ..~, .... ~, ... , ... ~., .. ~ ... , ... -

3 - FEe 4241's body (top) has its primer paint applied and is now ready for final painting, stenciling (decaling) and the attach­ ment of the trailer hitches, open container pedestals and the underframe. A pre-primed body (WTTX 159614) is shown center and an unmodified Athearn body is shown below. After the primer coat, a close examination should be made for any flaws and repairs to be made prior to applying the final coats of paint. 2 - A body splice strengthener .110 wide is cut from the end of the upper-frame casting of the extra kit and glued to the inside Photo 3 shows the completed carbody assembled (on the top) and primer of the sidesi II. painted (after washing with dish detergent and warm water), ready for final finishing like FEe 4321. In the center is another body awaiting primer The strips used to strengthen the splice seams are shown in Photo 2. The paint. The cars might look rather bleak: prior to priming, but at the end of strips of plastic are cut from the upper under frame of the extra kit the day, results arc quite nice. As a comparison. an un-modified Athearn Next, end sills and 4" striker plates are constructed from .010 styrene body is also shown. Any blemishes that remain after the primer coat can be sheet and 1/16" styrene channel. Dimensions are given in the Figure. The eliminated prior to adding the final colors. end sill and striker shown in the figure will fit both styles of Athearn cars To keep the deck pieces straight during assembly, the side of the alu­ used in this article. Measurements are based on using the kit's coupler minum X-Actoe miter box (#75330) is used. This box has a straightedge pocket for these cars. incorporated, and styrene cement will not stick to the aluminum. Contour When installing the end sills, set them flush with the end of the car and putty is then used to fill cracks and the areas are sanded with 400-grit attach using styrene cement. After drying for an hour, ACC is flowed emery paper and smoothed with a pink pearl eraser prior to painting. behind the sill to strengthen the joint. I have used this method for years and To lengthen the underframe, both the frames from the FEe car and the extra kit are assembled per the kit's instructions. A single cut is then made in the frame (just outside - from the frame's center - of the second diagonal This end sill and striker will fit both the Athearn AII­ Figu re - brace on the "A" end of the frame) for the FEe car and a piece from the Purpose Flat and the Piggyback Flat. Dimensions reflect the extra frame added that is .654 (only .012 allowance for one cut made on the model car measurements using Athearn components. The brake­ frame) long. This added piece contains one of the frame diagonal braces at rod hanger is made from a strip of .005 shim brass, .040 wide. one end. When added to the frame, the braces on the piece go towards the The straight end will be bent to shape after the underframe is "A" end of the frame. Additional braces are added to the frame: the Athearn attached to the car body. kit has them on every other cross brace. (As an aside, this method does not 1.124 ~ .070 give a true representation of a prototype frame, but I see that as no large ~ I I __LI-L deal. The spacing of the kit's ribs is a bit over twice the spacing of the proto­ type and lots of tedious cutting and fitting would be required to build a failh­ .092 ~~ .167 ful model. For operating purposes, it is just not worth the effort. We spend ~ .392 ~ -----r- most of OUT time looking at lhe sides and deck of the car during operation.) The Athearn coupler pocket/drawbar is cut and a .060 spacer added when it is attached to the underframe. The coupler pocket and cover have .100 removed from their ends. This extends the car's coupler and places the ,.250 II T pocket flu sh with the inside of the end sill, so that the end sill will support the Kadee coupler. The weight supplied with the kit is also cut. Make this ' . OOORA~T cut so it will be toward the end of the car opposite the frame splice and not where a body splice is located. The long piece of weight is attached to the I .900 r­ ----0-..1 frame with ACe and Goo prior to the attachment of the frame to the car. Notches are cut to clear the body strengtheners. The notches are a cut-and­ ~ .050 SQUARE fit operation for each car, being done with the saw and files.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 29 plate), underframe, trucks and couplers (not extended, see Photo 4) were then attached. The car was lightly weathered to reOect repairs and a new paint job that was done in mid-1989. Trailer Train (WlTX 159614) Like JWRR 8911, the wrrx cars are not configured for carrying con­ tainers and have no bridge plates. Bridge plates are to be supplied by temli­ nals if they are required for loading trailers. A difference between the two cars is !hat the WITX (!his one is 89' 4" long) cars are "twin 45" Oats. This configurati on has the hitch kingpin holes 2' 8" and 48' 4" measured from the face of !he 4" striker on the "S" end of Lhe car. These dimensions can vary an inch or two. These are ru so the standard dimensions for the TTXW car. During construcLion, the strik­ ers were not on the car, so the dimensions used were 2' 4" and 48' 0" from the end of the deck. 4 - All cars in this article have a brake rod with chain and hang­ Close examination of the Athearn model shows a wealth of small chain ers for connecting the hand-brake assembly to the car's brake tie-down slots cast into the deck. Prototype cars I have studied have different linkage. This small detail goes a long way toward completing combinations of these slots, and many of the newer cars do not have them. the trailer flat. To move th e hitch on the "8" end of !he car, different methods can be used. One is to fill the 13 slots on each end of the car, remove the secLion of The completed underframc is painted Grimy Black, weathered and then deck holding the hitch mount and move it forward (as was done with Lhe attached, along with the remaining piece of sheet-metal weight., to the car center hitch of FEC 4142), filling in the resulting space. A second method body. Weathered trucks and couplers arc added to the car. The brake-rod would to be to leave the slots intact, move the hitch mount toward the end hangers and the brake rod and chain arc 3uachcd. PholO 4 shows the rela­ of the car as in option one and !hen do a similar cutting operation on the tionship of these parIs to the car. TIle rod is .012 wire that is cut to length at "A" end of the car to kccp the slots symmetric about the center of the car. A assembly. The hangers are glued to the botlom of two large frame CTOSS­ third method is to remove the castings that hold the hitch's diagonal cush­ bearers using ACe and Hobsco Goo, and the rod and chain arc atlachcd ion support. move tllem forward and drill new holes for the pins on Lhe bot­ using Goo. These items are then painted [0 match the undcrframc. tom of the vertical support. Then fill the end slots and resulting holes in the To complete the deck details. the Athearn hitches arc constructed. The deck with puuy. I chose this third method. hitch plates arc frrst cut to a length of 30" to represent newer hitch plates To position the center hitch, the kingpin hole needs to be 6.624 (48' (Y') and then the hitches arc assembled per instructions so they will collapse. from the "B" end of the car. Before delennining the amounts of deck to add Some of Lhe pedestal wells can be filled so it appears Lhatthe pedestals arc to the car, modified Athearn hitches were produced. A 30" hitch plate was slowed; they are filled with putty, then scrilx!d along the ouler edges wilh a used for the screw-operated hitch. The smaller color photo on page 26 # 11 blade after drying. As this model car will sometimes carry containers, shows an example of this modification as well as all hitch configur..ltions some pedestal positions (for one 40' and one 20' container) have open used in this article starting with the Athearn hitch. pedestals. Pedestals on prototype cars arc generally left in position to carry The end hitch is a Trinity Industries semi-automatic type. This Pullman containers unless a circus loading facility is used for loading the trailers. Standard design was used due to the close proximity of the hitch to the end The open pedestals arc painted Tuscan Red except for Lhe surface which of th e car. To operate the screw-retracted type of hitch, a person would shows when Lhey arc stowed. These surfaces arc painted a weaLhered white. have to stand on the coupler, whereas the Trinity hitch is lifted into position The basic representation of the screw-operated hitch retractors is made with a cranc. Note the slot for the kingpin hole points away from the diago­ from .005 styrene sheet, .020 rod and 1116" I beam. As secn in Photo 3, these nal cushion support, while the screw-operated hitch has the slot pointing are attached prior to painting. The screw-operated hitch assemblies arc towards the support. Please see small color photo on page 26 again. The painted black. Trinity hitch plate is 28" long. The front edge of the vertical support on the Adding the hitch assemblies, bridge plates (painted Tuscan Red and model is 2' 4" from tlle "B" end of the car as this is the location of the king­ white) and remaining pedestals (using Goo) comprises Lhe final construc­ pin hole. A I/:d' drill bit was used to drill holes in the deck for the pins on tion step. And, finally, both the FEC cars are moderately weathered to give the ends of the vertical supports. a common look to the pair. Trinity hitches arc painted orange with the wheel rub-rails in the proxim­ ity of the hitch painted Safety Yellow or Orange. The screw-operated hitches Jersey Western (JWRR 6911) are painted black or, in a few cases, Tuscan Red. A nice Lhing about freelancing a model railroad is choosing the equip­ With the hitches finished, measurements of the actu al hitches could be ment that will carry the reponing marks of your ra il road. The equipment made. To lengthen the car, nOlice the Athearn hitch kingpin hole is 7" can be prototypical as long as it fits inlo the scheme of your layout. JWRR (.08 1) behind the vertical support (relative to the "B" end). This leaves the 89 11 is just such a car. vertical support located 47' 5" (6.544) from th e "B" end of the car. The Like the FEC, JWRR owns some older-style 89' cars. This one is a Athearn car has this support 6.338 fTom the "B" end. A piece of deck needs TTX-style Oat that carries two 40' trailers and is 89' 0" long. Being a TTX­ to be added between the hitch and the "S" end that is .218 (the .206 differ­ style car, it does not have container pedestals but docs have screw-operatcd ence plus a .012 allowance) long. The cut across the body casting was hitches. This JWRR Oat no longer has the bri dge plates. located 2.200 from the "B" end. Another piece .218 long was added in a To model Lhi s car, the container wells and tracks were fill ed with pULly, cut made 2.200 from th e "A" end of the casting. A third cut was made, and the bridge-plate holders removed and resulting holes filled with pULly. located 7.400 from th e "B" end of the original casting, and a piece .242 A single cUl was made 3.950 from Lhe "B" end of the car and a .608 piece long added. This third piece is to keep the two weld lines on the casting of deck added. The hand-brake housing was aJso placed on Lhe "B" end of centered on the finished deck. Notice that the lengths of !he three pieces the car. End sills and wire handholds were added. The trailer tire rub-rails add up to .678, which is .012 longer than the .666 dimension used for FEC run the complete length of the deck. 4142. This wrrx car has three saw cuts, hence the extra .012 allowance. The underframe was constructed (with a .608 spacer added), painted and This car also received the gaps in the trailer-wheel rub-rails and the weathered as with FEC 4142. moved hand-brake assembly wiLh Tod/chainlhangers. The cast handholds The car body was painted Great Northern Sky Blue (I have always liked received th e same treatment as those of FEe 4142. The completed body that color!) and decaled using a Florida East Coast decal sheet with the was painted Trailer Train Yellow (Aoquil Eric Lackawanna Yellow) with a reporting mark and numbers letter-bashed from HeraJd King Trailer Train white (three parts White mixed with four parts Grime splattered over the set PR-35. Black, screw-operated hitch assemblies (with the older 3' 3" primer paint) and yellow deck. Microscale and Herald King decals were

30 • Model Railroading April 1993 added. The wheel rub-rails in the area of the Trinity hi tch were painted Safety Orange. The deck and sides were heavily weathered, and a l en ~ th ­ ened (.654 splice), weathered underframe, with trucks and couplers, was auached. The weathered hitches were set in place and a new TIX Inc. logo was added with the old logo painted out using Floquil Reefer Yellow. Trailer Train (KTTX 251054) This style of car is a "twin 45" with rigid, non-collapsible hitches placed on each end of the car, having their kingpins located 2' 2" (2' 6" over the strikers) from the ends. I have seen hitches with a diagonal and vertical support (American Car & Foundry design), and those with an A-fTame sup­ port. This model includes the ACF type. This hitch is 47" high with a sup­ port base of 50" and width of 25" . The hitch plate is 29" wide and 23" long.

CENTERLINE CUTS ALONG INSIDE OF CAR "S" END OF SIDESILLS i t!-----i--..-;::- ---" 6 - Having car details used by the wee folk on your layout can make ; : (1) an operating session much more realistic. Here we see handholds 1 : and a hand brake in the "knocked off" position with slack in the chains and rods which connect to the car's brake linkage. A little extra detail work gets your operators a bit closer to stepping out ~'4~:r- ___r-_' -402--1lLI 20 00'~ C-':o:J on the layout and enjoying the art of model railroading. l------7.400 . • ACTUAL DIMENSION OF PIECE brake ratchet release atop the brake housing is also thinned to .040 wide . "INCLUDES SAW CUT ALLOWANCE This kit also has a jillion slots on the deck. The JWRR layout's roster (1) THIS PI ECE MADE BY REMOVING SIDESILLS contains KTTX cars with and without the slots. Putty is used to fill the slots 5 - The cutting diagram for building an 89 ' 0" KTTX car from an on this and other cars without them. Athearn piggyback-flat kit is shown in this photo_ The solid The original Athearn casting has the ends of the raised sidesills bent out­ lines represent cuts to the body that will become the final car. ward on the ends of the car. This is also a carry-over from the early des ign The dashed lines are cuts that need to be made to a spare body. of the prototype of this car. This model has straight sidesill ends. All the required dimensions are given. Since the deck on the "8" end is removed, the bent sidesills are straight­ ened (carefully bending the plastic will not break the sill) and the sill lightly This model is made from the Athearn piggyback-nat kit. The 84' 9" filed to finish the straightening. The deck at the "A" end has a triangular (11.696) length (some prototype TIX cars of this style are 85' 0" long) is wedge removed, thereby making the sides of the deck straight. The increased to the 89' if (12.282) length of the prototype car being used as a sidesills are then bent into the deck, held with a small "C" clamp and liquid guide to construct the model. A total of .586 (plus saw-cut al lowances) will cement Oowed into the seam from the bottom of the deck. This should dry be added to the body. overnight before removing the clamp. Small strips of wood can be placed The deck of this Athearn model has wooden risers (later cars have steel on the outside of the sills during clamping; this helps keep the sills perpen­ tubing) in the areas of the hitches. These risers are not present on the dicular to the deck. KTTX cars. The Athearn kit's sidesills have tie-down hook details that arc To replace the hand holds and the rivet detail on the end steps, I used not present on cars except on some of the earlier cars. Some of these cars rivet detail from the extra cars used to build the other flats in this article. do exist today. The sidesill strengthener on the "8" end of the car (the By making a cut between the rivets and the cast-on handholds, a #17 blade hand-brake assembly is on the correct end on this kit) is present on many of can be used to slide under the detail to remove it The ri vet is left on the the later cars. blade, a spot of glue placed where the rivet is to be located and the detail is To start the model, all sidesill detail is removed except for the hand then slid fTOm the blade into place. For this car, the side handhold rivets are brake, retainer and strengtheners. The rivet detail holding the end steps is placed atop the sidesill and the step's rivets are placed where the original removed but the steps themselves are left in place. Five cu ts are made to detail was located. Side handholds arc cut to length and cemented in place lengthen the car and remove the wood risers. Photo 5 gives the specifics. using a dab of Hobsco Goo applied to the wire, and a small drop of ACC All cuts are made with th e razor saw except the cut across the deck applied to the sill. No holes arc drilled. between the sidesills on the "B" end of the car. End sills are added, along with standard handholds on the ends of the car. The amount to be added to the center of the car is the .586 plus .024 for The "8" end needs the kit's original end sill, cut from the piece of deck saw cuts plus the length of the piece removed (1.390) for a total of 2.000. removed, glued in place on the new piece of deck insla1led on the body casting. The piece added to the "8" end is 1.460 long by J .134 wide. This piece is This car is painted a weathered Trailer Train Yellow with a very weath ­ first cut from the spare body. and then the sides ills are removed, resulting ered while deck. The two black panels, with letterin g, and the 'TI" logo in the final width. are on this car. The black panel's location ranges from about 15' to 18' A detail that adds a bit to the car is rotating the hand-brake quadrant 90° from the end of prototype cars. While there might be an actual dimension clockwise. The way the casting comes has the brake "wrapped up," which on a stencil diagranl somewhere, there is some variation on prototype cars. will put nat wheels on your car. hem: the JWRR layout has a car or two The underframe is lengthened by adding a piece of extra frame .598 with nat (metal) wheels. The resulting "bap-bap-bap-bap-bap" is quite nice long. The frame is weathered, and it and the weight attached as with the in a passing train. other cars. A final weathering of grime and dust completes the car. To "knock the brakes ofr' KTTX 252054, the tip of the saw is used to There you have it: four inexpensive plastic cars to add to your neel. remove the quadrant and bracket while holding the car body upside down, Dave Bontrager, some other authors and I will be adding more cars to your and the #1 1 blade is used to remove the connecting rod and deepen the verti­ roster over the next year in the "Modeling Modem lntermodal" series. We cal channel that holds the hand brake. The quadrant is replaced, and a rod will be giving you more prototype infonnation, mode1 construction tips and and chain added as shown in Photo 6. This procedure thins the quadrant to a operational details. Drop us a line and tell us the kind of cars you wish to more prototypical dimension. This is the similar beneficial result produced see and we will happily try to fill your needs. when removing and replacing the hand-brake assembly on the other Athearn I would like to thank Jim Panza for helping me sort out some of the cars in this article. The ponion of the casting representing the hand- details concerning the trailer hitches. This guy really knows his sluff! ~

A pril 1993 Model Railroading • 31 Pennsylvania GLa/GLg Hoppers by John G. Teichmoeller Model photos by the author; others as indicated

omeone not fam ili ar with PRR hopper.car • Trucks - Most photos show GLa hoppers tion included such things as power hand brakes S designation might suspect that the GLa riding on the PRR's class 2D-F8 trucks. which (instead of the vertical brake staff) and new, was simply a subclass variation of the basic GL were an adaptation of the AAR type Y. How­ straight side stakes. Some equipment diagrams design. Of course, it was nol. The GLa was a ever, the cars initially rode on arch bars. (including the one reproduced here) are labeled different car, a true 201h+ccnlury design. • Other hardware - The protruding end "GLa/GLg" so we can assume the G Lg had the Construction began in 1904 and succeeded sill dictated the vertical corner grabs on the same basic carbody. I have come across neither GL construction. with deliveries beginning in ends. The cars were originally equipped with a a GLg photo nor details on how many of these 1905. This was a large and important class. Ovcr cut lever thal was inside the end sill. Then they were on the roster. 30,000 were built [or the PRR through \9\0. In were fitted with the Carmer coupler operating The late-era GLa hoppers from Berwind­ addition, approximately 4,000 were built for mechanism. In later years some were refitted White retained their BWCX herald and 1cnering various coal companies (Berwind-White. West­ with rod-style cut levers. They initially had K and were so designated in the ORER. All photos moreland, Pennsylvania Coal & Coke, etc.) As brakes, then ABs. GLa photos, even those taken I have seen of them show straight instead of discussed with the GL group, some of these in their late years, show them with vertical brake tapered side stakes and power hand brakes. were later sold 10 the PRR. This physical class staffs. According to Westerfield (see refer­ Also, many had a triangular gusset in the end group includes the modernized subclass GLg. ences), very few original PRR GLa hoppers comers between the bolster and sidesill, similar were ever actually filled with power h and to that on USRA cars but wi th a longer base. : , brakes. The cars purchased from the coal com­ The characteristics and quantities of lllC GLg • Style - 50-lan, lwm hopper. panies were apparently very modem with power cars do have some significance for modelers • Sides - Six rectangular side panels and hand-brake fittings. Westerfield discusses vari­ because of the straight side stakes, as will be dis­ seven stakes, unlike the GL group that had eight ous "stages" of hardware and appliances in the cussed shortly, so this deserves more research. panels and nine slakes. early years (1905 to 1911) in great detail. The • Contrast with USRA - An interesting • No Jishbefly - The sides served as plato modeler of that era should delve in to that comparison is made with the USRA standard SO­ girders without the added support - and added resource. I will concentrate on the physical lon. twin-hopper car of some years later. Length, tare weight - of the GL's fishbclly sidesill. appearance during the steam/diesel era. width and wheelbase are very close. The GLa is • End verticals - Angle bars instead of the • Differences among GLa and GLg and 8" shorter in top chord height above the rail. pressed-steel verticals on the GL. Berwind-White GLa Hoppers - None of the Actual car-side height is approximately 5" shorter. • Door locks - Initially Simonton but later sources I have consulted derinitively spells out The GLa has a heap capacity that is 220 cu. f1. converted to Wine-sty le hook-type. the diffe rences. However, my understanding is less than the USRA car (see diagrams). • End sills - GLa hoppers retained a boxy that the GLg hoppers were either modernized • Other roads - Although the thrust of this structural end sill. This was different from (big­ cars acquired from the coal companies and actu­ series is the physical features of the cars as ger than) the structural end sill present on the ally relettered for the PRR or original PRR cars opposed to railroad history, PRR hopper-car GL cars. thal were modernized or both. The moderniza- development has some relevance for modelers of other roads. In fact, at the same time that th is car was being built for the PRR, a very similar car was being buill by the major car builders such as Cambria for a variety of roads. For example, the Western Maryland had very simi­ lar or identical cars (see "Early Steel Hopper Cars of the Western Maryland" by W. J. Dertly, Blue MounJain Express, Spring 1992, pp. 15- 19.) Moreover, starting about 1913 the B&D began construction of what was to become a huge (20,OOO+) Oeet of twin hoppers, class N-12 willl many subclasses. This car was 5" shorter in length and 5" taller in height compared with the GLa and had a capacity that was 135 cu. flo greater. Otherwise, however, its appearance was very similar to the GLa and depending on how PRR 748601, April 1951 , Thor ndale, PA. This photo, re produced several times else­ picky one is, the 5" dimensional difference may where, is a ciassic shot. The car, with AB brakes, is still shiny with a two-month·old be insigniricant to you as a modeler. This means paint job (so much for us weatherers!). John F. Harris. Sr. photo, if you can accept the above discrepancies (about all future publication rights reserved. Print available from Richard Burg 1;16" in an HD model), you can use the GLa as it

32 • Model Railroading April 1993 PRR 250730, Holban Yard, Long Island, NY, June 8,1934. Circular Keystone (ar, still equipped with the Carmer coupler mechanism and K-brakes. (Frederick Weber was the Long Island Railroad's legal photographer.) Frederick Weber photo, Richard Burg collection

base for the N-12. In fact this is the next project Figu re 1 - Number of GLa hoppers in active service. on my list after I fini sh the PRR hoppers. As a final evolutionary note, as we will sec in !.he next part of thi s series, by the end o f con­ struction of the GLa, its distinctive fea turcs 35-- were embodied in it'> physically larger sister. the H21 quad hopper. 30-- Rosfer Time line The bar chart in Figure 2 shows the fleet devel­ opment over time. Let me add three observations: 25-- 1) The Oeet grew in the early years (before 1917) as a result of coal companies' selling their cars to the PRR; 2) The neet was remarkably stable over 20-- time and didn't start to d issipate significantly until the mid-'SOs; 3) In the '60s the PRR picked up more of the cars hom coal companies. Too '"ffi~ lS-- 0. c small to plot are the residual car counts reponed 0. • a ~ by Al Westerfield from the ORER: 1976 -61 cars, :t: 0 jt, 10-­ 1980 - 4 cars; all were gone by 1981. Whatthis CJ means to us as modelers of any 20th-century PRR era is that we should have plenty of these cars.

5-- As wi th some of the other hopper classes, we ri wi1J omit a detailed tabulation o f all the nu mber " series that were used. There were many, and 0-- they were scattered. This information is con­ 1917 1921 1924 1927 1930 1932 1936 1939 1943 1945 1949 1955 1959 1961 1965 1970 1973 tained in several of the refcrcnccs1as well as decal sets. You will want to model from a photo Information for years 1917 to 1959 based on information published in ~ Th e Major Classes of Pennsyl­ of a specifi c car anyway. vania Railroad Freight Cars from 1917 to 1967,~ by Robert L. Johnson, Keystone, September 1974. At least one car is apparently still in exis­ Information for years 1961 to 1973 from Westerfield GLa kit instruction sheet. tence. Westerfield reports a car at New Gallilee,

April 1993 Model Railroading • 33 PA, in 1988 but docs not identify Lhc owner or number. I have a 1989 color slide of PRR 494739 in yellow maintenance-oC-way colors with the location identified as Hamburg, NY. It is my undcrsLanding (orally, nol verified by visit or documentation) that this is part of a collection owned by the Western New York Railway Historical Society and maintained at the Eric COlmly, NY, fairgrounds. Can any of our readers supply a current black-and-white photo and ver­ ify the above? Is the New Gallilcc car the same as the Hamburg one? References As with Lhe GL group, the best contemporary reference on this car is the Westerfield HO kit instruction sheet. It covers such fascinating PRR 704574. date and place unknown. early to mid-'50s from repack stencil. fairly fresh details as the early diagonal grabirons (which paint. Note rod-type cut lever and vertical brake staff. Rail Data Services the aforementioned Western Maryland cars also had), pre.Safety Appliance Act brake·wheel locations, changes in towing·staple locations, inside·end·sill cut lever, etc. Also, as with the GL, the Keystone has not run a comprehensive article on the class. The best Keystone material is the previously mentioned article "Classes GLa and Gl..c Hopper Cars," by John PropheL. Keystone, December 1968, pp. 4·7. This was described in the GL article. The same other two articles from Keystone, Autumn 1986, and RMC, October 1986. on the Berwind·White cars mentioned with the GL also contain information about and photos of the GLa hoppers in coal·company garb. The only specific treatment of the Gla in a modeling.oricntcd article was "Kitbashing a Pennsy GLa Hopper," by James Hunter. RMC, August 1986, pp. 61 · 66. This article included PRR 704574 is a Gla hopper kitbashed from a life-like car. Straight side stakes are one prototype photo of a PRR car and one of a probably incorrect for PRR car but would be right for a Berwind-White Gla. Berwind car but no plans or diagrams. Plans Plenty of twin 50-55-ton hopper plans have been published over the years, but there has never been one of the GLa to date. Perhaps Model Railroader has one done by lhc late J. Harold Geisscl in its files which has never been published. These cars were too dull and ple­ beian! For Lhe record. Westerfield reports that plans were published in the June 17, 1905, issue of the trade publication Railway and Engineer­ ing Review. We presume they were a resource to him in producing his kit. lettering Lettering follows conventional diagram pat­ terns for PRR's twin hoppers. The Westerfield instruction sheet shows some variations of these. Even in later years under the circular Keystone scheme there were some variations. Studies of photographs will bear this out,

PRR 892816 from ground. March 27. 1953. place unknown. Good view of end sill. taper on side stakes. door locks. scalloped brake wheel and 2D-F8 trucks. One detail variation was the retainer valve location - some have it to left of brake staff such as here. others to right. PRR file photo, T.S. Martorano collection

34 • Model Railroading April '1993 places including C &0 Historical Society Maga ­ zine, March 1987, p. 4, and Railmodel Journal, August 1989, p. 4. Keystone, Spring 1990, color centerspread attributed to Harold Goldsmith, courtesy Roger Keyser. This is one of my all-time favorite rail­ road pictures. 1L shows car 705805, taken April 1956 in my hometown of Columbus, OH. This 50-year-old car is next to a sparkling, one­ month-old H-35. Modeling Notes Westerfield KiJ - Despite the size of this class, the car has nol yet been made available in mass­ produced styrene, or even brass. However, the good news is that in the summer of 1992 Al West­ erfield gave us HO modelers a treat by producing the Gla in an up-to-date polyester kit. I found this kit to be the easiest Westerfield hopper I have assembled to date. One reason is that he has mold­ ed the hoppers as one piece. (Also. perhaps I've also gained some experience.) Fillings and details have been made easier for the builder too. For example. the kits now provide Detail Associates stirrups instead of the strip of brass supplied previ­ ously. Tichy K-brake gear is supplied instead of Cal-Scale - this probably has something to do with Westerfield's purchasing costs, but it has the added benefit that the Tichy sprue has a lot of extra parts you don't need in this kit. A minor In this photo of PRR 892816, also taken March 27, 1953, note the lettering variation on blessing that will probably only be apparent to sides and ends among all these "circular Keystone" cars. Also note the additional those of you who have tried 10 fit those little Cal­ (upper) grab on left side. This was apparently part of a sequence of shots made by the Scale retainer valves to hopper ends is thai he has railroad. Can anyone identify this bridge or can the number on the locomotive and cast the retainer onto the end. I invariably lose date help place the area? PRR file photo. r 5. Martorano collection those little castings when trying to mount them. The only deviations I made in my sLock kit were: mainly in the application of "miscellaneous" This i1Iustrates the different brake-reservoir • AB brakes - With the little bracket on information. mount used on the Berwind-White GLa cars. the side (I understand a version of the kit with Lalcr ~ cra schemes appear in Pennsylvania This car also has straight side stakes and appar­ this is available now.) Railroad Compendium- PRR Freighl Car LeI­ ent power hand brake (no vertical staff showing.) • Brass brake whtel- From Cal-Scale, tering Arrangemenls, 1954-1968. Vol. 1, N. Keystone, Autumn 1986, p. 42, has a John soldered to the staff. This is not a bona fide PRR Seman, Ed., published by The Middle Division, Harris photo of 1907 car 702920 in fresh red shape. but it's sturdier than the cast polyester or New Cumborland. PA, 1989. The shadow Key­ paint with freshly-applied shadow Keystone at styrene oncs. stone scheme, effective June 1954, is on p. 77 Swedeland yard, Septembor 1955. • Changed order of assembly slightly - To (this is a red car) and the plain Keystone scheme. Keystone, Autumn 1986, p. 11, New River do such things as add the brake step and staff last. effective February 1958, appears on p. 87 (this is a and Pocahontas GLa under assembly. This The end result is that my assembled car, black car). This diagram shows a six-panel H-31 makes the bulb-angle top chord quite apparent. equipped with Sunshine Models 2D-F8 tru cks, but the specifications apply to GLa and GLg also. This structurally informative photo from has a top height 10' 6" above the rails (i.e., 6" HO decal set #224 from John Hall is a fine set Richard Burg has appeared in numerous other too high). Positioning of the center sill on the kit and covers all of PRR 's twin hoppers with let­ tering from the 1954 to 1961 era - i.e., red and black cars with shadow and plain Keystone respectively. His set #223C covers cars with the circle Keystone from ca. 1930 to 1954. Champ set HC47 includes the circular Key­ stone for 1930 to 1954 but docs not have as much material as the Hall set. Finally, Westerfield's kit contains an exquis­ ite set of decals for schemes from the beginning of the car's service to the end of the circular-her­ ald period. Other Prototype Photos Keys/one, Septembor 1974, p. 6, car 214838, 1952, car equipped with rod-type c ut lever, brand new paint job. Keys/one, Deeembor 1983, p. 25, BWCX car PRR 748601 is a Westerfield GLa kit. Only modifications were bracket for AB-brake 3773 at Thorndale, 1951. John F. Harris photo. reservoir on left and inside rivet strip on top chord.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 35 Figure 2 - Comparative diagrams of PRR GLa, B&O N-t7 (USRA) and B&O N-12 twin-hopper designs.

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is somewhat of a trial-and-crror proposition. I quickly brushing and rinsing most of the weather­ ever, it was fun, and I'm glad I did it. As I will probably should have done a liule more filing ing off, only streaks, residues and stains were left discuss below, there are some valid reasons for and seated it deeper. To correct the problem, I on the panels and in the scams. A final light over­ doing some of the kitbashes even if you have could have compensated by filing the truck bol ­ spray of Floquil "swill" was airbrushed on some of the Westerfield cars. sters down, but when I screw-mounted Kadce«> (Grimy Black thinned with what's left in the • Alternative cars to use as the base car for No.5 couplers mounted through th e end-sill brush-cleaning bottle). the kitbash - Hunter used the Athearn car as a opening they came out at the perfect height. base. This car has good details but is a couple of 'Westerteor?" - Alternatives to the Thus, I decided to leave well enough alone. feet too long. A base that is almost exactly the Westerfield Kit Nevertheless. this just goes to point out that. as right size is a USRA car - Tichy or Life-Like. I well engineered as these kits are becoming, they So how about alternatives for those who don't used the Life-Like car only because I have a sur­ still require care and craftsmanship. They are feel they are up to a Westerfield kit yet? The plus of them, but the Tichy car would definitely defmitely not shake-the-box and will give you a course of action would be to do a kitbash fol­ be the preferred choice for the modeler who has great deal of satisfaction upon completion. lowing Hunter's article in the August 1986 chosen the kitbashing route because of "Wcster­ • Colors - Scalecoat n, mixed two parts RMC. I did this for car 704574 shown here_ fear." Of course, when Hunter wrote his article Oxide Red to one part Boxcar Red, was used for ActuaIly, I did this in the summer of 1991 the excellent Tichy USRA car was not available. the base color. Polly S Roof Brown and Reefer because I understood the release of Wester­ However, let me suggest a reason for using the White were used for weathering bOlh cars. The field's kit was much further off. Had I known he oversized Athearn car, particularly if you have a brown was rubbed into the rivets "and seams, and would issue it in the summer of 1992 I probably lot of them on your roster: the Athearn car is, as the white was streaked on in several places. By wouldn't have bothered with the kitbash. How- we shall see when we cover the H31 class, rep-

36 • Model Railroading April '1993 resented way out of proporlion on our layouts. So converling some of the ones you have to a slightly oversized OLa~lookalike is a purpose~ ful conversion in that it gets rid of some of the excess. The excess length will not be too noticeable once you cut down the height. But if you are going to buy new cars to usc as a kitbash, choose the Tichy car. (For more kinks on modifying the Life~Like car, see my article in the Sentinel, journal of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Historical Society, January/ February and March/April 1990 issues. This two~part article gives a lot of short strokes and also a list of other references about USRA cars, model and prototype.) In any event, the HO modeler has a variety of options [or a base to this kitbash. In following Hunter's steps, I offer the fol­ Life-Like kitbash complete except for painting. lowing additional comments. The photo of the unpainted car pretty well shows what was done: to his pans listing. II would have to be shortened Another compromisc you wi11 have to live with, • Car height - Cut off approximately 8" for application to the Life·Like car. Allhough it either on the Tichy or Life-Like car, is that sidc­ from the top of the car and add new top flanges is a lillIe too short for thc Athearn car, it is just stakc taper will not be correct. There is none on with styrene. (The approximation depends partly right for the Tichy car. thc Life·Like car, so this would probably bc on what trucks you will use. You want a car with • Air and hand-brake fittings - Depend­ more correct for onc of the coal company cars or a top ~chord height above the rails of 10' and ing on your cra and fussincss, install AB brakes OLg cars assuming my earlier speculation that side~panel height of 7'. and powcr hand·whecl mechanism. Remcmber, they had straight sidc stakes is correct. Your choice of trucks and how much bolster few ofthc PRR cars had power hand brakes. • Other details - I added itcms such as modification you do will determine whether you • Trucks - Equip the car with the Sunshine roping staples, visible center sills, cnd diago­ can achievc both - you may not, so you will Models 2D-F8 trucks instead of Andrews-style nals, door hardware and other details such as have to decidc which is more important to you. trucks, or use a similar-looking "Bcltcndorf'­ brakc opcrating rod under the center sill and Keep in mind, the biggest visual feature you are style truck. I simply retained thc snap·on Life­ inside tic bars. Thc latter I made using K&S V16" trying to achieve here is some cars which sit dis· Likc trucks after rotating the kingpin holcs to square tubing sct at a diagonal with Evergreen tinctively lower than other hoppers in your fleet. center them on the cnd-side stake because they strips on the tops and bottoms. This ends up • End verticals - Redo the vertical sup­ fit the bolsters and roll well. My car rides at 10' being a bit ovcrsize. However, I used the brass ports on the ends. There are different approaches 3" high, ve ry close to the corrcct 10'. Bccause tubing to spread the sides slightly sincc they to this. You can use angles and styrene for gus­ this shortens the whcelbasc, the flanges rub the seem to be curved inward. Hunter placcs an sets, following Hunter's patlerns. Allematively, slope sheets. Thus I had to grind away c1carance inside splice platc at every side slakc; I believc as I did on the Life-Like car, simply file a deep poCkClS with a burr using my motor tool. they should not be at the ones with the crossties. center groove in the thick end vertica1. This • Grabirons - You will need to redo the Note that the OLa, as with most of the pre~war accomplishes an acceptable visual effect. 1 grabiron pattern for thc lower car hcight. Shave PRR hopper classcs, did not have slope-sheet deliberately tried to do this kitbash by using as them off the Life-Like or Athearn car and add braces and an outsidc air line. These arc details few extra parts and details as I could get away wirc grabs (five versus six). You will have to re­ you don', have to add! with and still produce a decently convincing cnd drill holes on the Tichy car and fill thc old ones. For non-PRR modclcrs, thc OLa-"stylc" car result - you can be the judge from the photos. • Compromises - Car width and side was used in large quantities by othcr roads. The • End sills - You can use Huntcr's stakes - The Tichy car is finc, but the Lifc­ overall effect of the lower·slung GLa, whethcr approach and fabricatc a boxy end·sill from Like car is about 6" too narrow. You will have to you use the Westerfield kit or one of thc sug­ Plastruct and styrene. This is "representativc" live with this unless you want to get into somc gcsted kitbashes in your existing fleet of twin and quick. I made a somewhat more precise, but advanccd kitbashing. This would involvc slicing hoppers, will give welcomc visual variety to the still not cxact, onc from bits of strip styrene. the sides off and widening the car or slicing the neet for any modeler of eastern railroading. Perhaps Westerfield will add his end-sill casting car in two and adding width in thc center. Coming neXl- H21. ~

Side-by-side comparison of Life-Like kitbash (left) and Westerfield car (right). You be the judge.

April "1993 Model Railroading • 37 TO THE EDITOR (Conl;fUled from page 4.) rcplTting marks on a few generic vans/containers then I feel I have helped MD, retired 1980/81). Nos. 8244, 8253, 8254 and 8257 arc in "new" CSX the hobby. Whenever I make compromises I always try to explain why, r paint; others arc in early CSX or ori ginal CS paint. NEVER try to pass it off as being correct. 2) Mr. Lang states only five SD40s arc listed on CSXT, and that those Item 2: Quantum vans are always 48' in length. J. B. Hunt vans are nol five are SBD. This is incorrect. While the majority of B&O/C&O/WM al ways 48' long. To be technically correct, Quantum vans arc J. B. Hunt­ SD40s have been upgraded to SD40-2 standards, there are 22 SD40s on the Santa Fe Quantu m. The Quantum vans arc being relettered to Santa Fe roster (4600-4621), Mne of them origina1ly SBD. However, the heritage of markings only, for several reasons. J. B. Hunt is negotiating with several the survivors is interesting, including: other railroads for agreements that arc similar to Ihe one they have with the 4600 ex-SBD 8300 (nee 10) ex-Gainesville Midland !O Santa Fe. When all of this is in place a Hunt van will be able to be used sys­ 4601 ex-L&N 1233 tem wide, highway or intcrmodal. with no conflict of interest. We in the 4609 ex -CI inehfield 30 I 0 industry refer to this as "maximum utilization of cquipmcnl." Mr. Becker is 4614 ex-C&O 7516 correct in Slating that 1. B. Hunt operates three lengths of vans, but very 4617 ex-C&O 7534 incorrect in stating that 28' is one of those lengLhs. J. B. Hunt never has in 4618 ex-WM 7545 (7445) the past., does not in the present., and has no plans for the future use of the 4620 ex-B&O 7591 (7491) 28' "fTeight box," pups as many refer to them. 4621 ex-WM 7596 (7496) Let me explain to Mr. Becker, and the readers, lhe concept of operations Have seen 4618 and 4621 January 1993 and 4620 (in service) December that dictate trailer size in the trucking industry. Hunt, as well as others such 1992. No. 4617 is still in original C&O blue while 4614, 4620 and 4621 arc as Schneider, Werner, etc., arc "truckload" carriers. NW, CF, ABF, Yellow, in early CSX paint. No. 4618 is in Chessie System paint (with WM still on Roadway, etc., arc primarily "LTL" (less truck load) carriers. UPS and RPS cab) as of January 1993. are "package delivery" carriers, which is LTL to the extreme. Also, carriers Some of these 4600s may be gone by the time you read this. Get those utili:t.ing the 28 ' box operate doubles and triples. The 28 ' box is a very ver­ paint schemes and SD40 pics now!! satile piece of equipment. The trailers are loaded by region; en route, one box can be dropped off at a termina1 and another one picked up. The truck Jeff K. Frangione can then proceed 10 another termina1 and repeat the same process, doing so Rockville, MD as often as necessary. It's a very efficient method of moving LTL fTCight. Single-shipment volume is of uUTIost importance to truckload carriers. In the case of Hunt, the 45' van became obsolete around 1985. The future of 48' vans is in question at this time. Hunt has an enormous fleet of 53' vans 19 nacc.urate and is evaluating the expanded use of 57' vans. The problem is thai not all states allow the 57', which limits the utilization factor. Dear Randy: The art of model railroading includes illusions and compromises, some­ Regarding Jim Mansfield's review of the Athearn containers on page 11 times by choice, sometimes dictated by available product. The 45' vans in the October 1992 issue of Model Railroading. were used on the Impack cars for two valid reasons: 1) 48' vans are not I don't understand ... What is so "unbelievable" about the .012" high let­ available in kit fonn. To kitbash 15 or 20 vans would be an ambitious pro­ tering on the containers when what it says is incorrect! It should read 9' 6N ject, both in laoor and expense. 2) After all of those reautiful48' vans arc M19' 9". The whole idea of having readable lettering becomes void if that built, what will I use to carry them? The Athearn Impack car is built to lettering is wrong. It doesn't cost any more to make it CORRECr than it carry a van with a maximum length of 45' instead of 48' as on the proto­ does to make it wrong! Let Model Railroading be one of those magazines type. The only car currently available that will indeed carry a 48' van is the thal will lead the way in raising the standards of our hobby! McKean Front Runner, which is also a neat car. But I want to operate strings of articulated spine cars with Hunt and Quantum trailers. These David G. Casdorph vans arc simply an illusion, a compromise dictated by available product. Monrovia, CA I don't expect everyone to be receptive of my theories, but they are viable alLematives. As model railroaders, railroad modelers, researchers, photographers and yes, even nit-pickers, we all need to be open-minded to the ideas and modeling crforts of others. On the Ney, Size Mr. Becker is to be complimented for paying attention and being very observant. I hope others will follow his leadership in actually reading what Dear Randy: we publish on intermodal. Congratulations on your continual upgrading of this great magazine. This latest size improvement using the trim roll width is a winner since it Dave Bontrager provides us with more. Denver, CO Pass on the congratulations to Nick Siegel along with a tongue-in-cheek hiss and boo. I've been storing my magazines on shelves using some library-type D40 2$ boxes I got from Highsmith library supplier. I have some 30 linear feet of magazines (MRG from '89, Railmodel Journal since '89, railroad Model Dear Mr. Six, Craftsman since '48, Model Railroader since '46, Railroad Modeler from Enjoyed your article on Chessie System SD40 and SD40-25 (October '71-'SO and a host of NMRA bulletins, odd magazines, booklets, etc.) 1992), and would like to correct a few points from Mr. Lang's letter in the The old MRG fit perfectly. The new MRG will be stored at a slight angle January 1993 issue. in the box. My inconvenience is worth the improvement. I)CS[B&O 7617 is now CSX 8259.11 isstill (as of January 20,1993) in Chessie paint. The ex-B&O SD40-2s 7600-7619 arc now CSX 8242-8244 Walter Rodgers (7600-7602) and 8246-8261 (7604-7619) (7603 wrecked Germantown, Somerville, NJ ~ a8 • Model Railroading April 1993 Building the East Broad Top Rail Car In HOn30 by Dr. Allan Kaufman Photos by the author

he inspiration to build a small H0030 T model of the East Broad Top M-3 rail car came from drawings and a photograph I discov­ ered in the Novembcr/Dccember 1980 edition of the Narrow Gauge and Short Line Gazelle. After reviewing the drawings I decided to construct the model using two techniques: 1) combining parlS from Campbell', HO gauge Ford truck kit and Durango Press's H0n3 handcar, and 2) scratch­ building several afthe components. The first phase of construction required the development of the wheel/frame assembly. Using a pair of wire snips I easily trimmed the soft, white-metal axle/drive-train casting from Campbell's truck kit to conform to HOn30 gauge. Next. I bonded the wheels from Durango Press's handcar onto the axles using a few drops of cyanoacrylate cement. Since the frame was also taken from the HOn3 handcar kit it had to be cut and filed to the correct narrow-gauge Kitba5hing and 5cratchbuilding techniques were U5ed to con5truct thi5 diminutive model. width. After checking the fit, I bonded the frame on top of the wheeVdrive*lrain unit. and poured Devon Casting Epoxy into the mold was fanned from a piece of shim brass, painted Reaching into my reliable box of "scrap" cavities. Once the Epoxy hardened the exhaust brown, and cemented into position. parts I found several old Kemtron brake shoes system and radiator were removed from the sili­ I painted the model using an airbrush. The - they appeared to be the correct size for my cone molds and bonded to the car's frame. cab was painted a "mustard" yellow, and the model! I drilled a hole in each brake shoe and The second phase of constructing the rail car undercarriage and roof were painted a brown four holes into the frame, then cemented a thin involved creating the box-cab section. After color to match the engine and hood. Next, I piece of wire from the wheeVframe assembly to making a set of paper patterns for the wall sec­ oversprayed the entire model with a "sand" each brake shoe. tions I transferred them to a piece of Evergreen color to weather the rail car's appearance. To complete the wheel/frame assembly I Scale Models styrene sheet material. Since I was I added a fmal touch to the model by placing wanted to add a mumer and exhaust-pipe sys­ using very thin plastic it was easy to cut out the red lenses on the rear panel and white headlight tem. Since I could not find a casting of this part I styrene shapes. The panels were sanded to their lens on the front wall similar to the prototype. decided to "cast" the comp:ment based upon the final shape, panel openings were made in front The little East Broad Top rail car was chal* techniques discussed by Bob Beaty in his arti­ and rear walls, then the panels were bonded to lenging, yet fun to build. I hope it has inspired cle, "Casting Parts for Scratchbuilding," in the the frame. I added some trim to the cab using you to tty your hand at building a "tiny" model December 1990 and January 1991 issues of thin strips of styrene. in the future. ~ Model Railroading. The windows for the cab's sides were made Using a piece of carving wax and a scrap from styrene strips laid over a paper pattern; fitting piece of white metal I made a "master" pattern of those little pieces turned out to be a tedious task! the muffler and exhaust pipe. I also made a sim­ After the window units dried [ glued them onto the ple pattern for the rail car's radiator. Next, I built side walls in an open position. The cab was com­ two wooden mold boxes, then poured General pleted using a piece of shim brass for the roof. Electric RTV 11 Silicone over my patterns. After The final construction phase of the model the silicone set (24 hours) I removed the patterns involved building the engine and hood. The tiny engine was made from a "potpourri" of scrap parts. I used a lamps hade casting for the base, a square piece of white metal for the block, plastic pieces for the valve covers and a little gear for the fan. The air cleaner was a scrap part that looked like an air ftlter (I have no idea what it was origi­ nally). I painted the completed engine brown then dusted it with tan chalk dust to provide a weath­ ered appearance. The little hood for the engine

April 1993 Model Railroading • 39 1 - Westbound Santa Fe 5324 passed an eastbound stack train in Kingman Canyon.

hange has occurred constantly over the Watching the prototype is one of the keys. Get­ Using a grid-type benchwork which can give C four generations of the OC&SW, dating ting away from 4x8 boards is another key. fonn and lends itself to simulating nature is also back to the early '70s. In those early days, with No.4 turnouts in the yards and No. 6s on the mainline. we thought we had fairly good opera­ tions. We were even a part of a tour for the 1976 NMRA National Convention in Chicago, the year all those Bicentennials came to Chicago. My son Brian and I were really pleased to have our OC&SW on lour along with those of great modelers such as Carl Freiland, Steve King. Ray Thomas. Bob Moskal. Ron Roberts - all of them only blocks away from the Oak Creek & Southwestern. Being able to work with modelers like these, we discovered how the learning experience can grow by leaps and bounds. From the beginning, Brian and 1. along with friend Ron Fraser, wanted the OC&SW to keep on improving. Each new layout has given us an opportunity to learn from our previous successes and mistakes and enabled us to lay better track­ work, beuer develop our industries, build larger yard facilities and LO increase our arrival/depar­ ture capability. We've always maintained a large engine tenninal, thanks to Brian; that's his cup of tea As a result of our experience, we've realized that modelers will always be able to come up with a better design for their next layout. 2 - Santa Fe 2141 switches empties on the siding at Nelson Potash.

40 • Model Railroading April 1993 ..... 7

"'STOCKPENS

... GRAIN ELEVATOR

NO SCALE a plus. (It goes without saying that observing These layouts were conceived in the '80s. The designating the right size of Northeastern scale nature is prerequisite.) current OC&SW was started in 1989 in my lumber and the quantity needed. Brian and I had the great good fortune of run­ basement in Grand Junction, CO. (The learning Each of us has certain loves. Brian, being a ning into Ron. He developed our electrical end experience continued.) great follower of prototype, became a true col­ as chief electrician and signalman. He helped The mainline crossovers are now Lambert lector. His love of ALCos has translated into our Brian 10 sel up blocks and design schematic No. 85 and the minimum radius is now 42", not fleet of OC&SW diesels. It is possible that our panels (eight control panels), three of which are 28". In the yards, No . 6 turnouts and crossovers first OC&SW decals were among the first evcr for switching industry. are standard. We also wanted lhe challenge of made by Rail Graphics Custom Decals. Having having reverse switching moves. A number of been a part of the Midwest Region NMRA and a A Ullie History these can be seen in the trackplan. We even member of the Fox Valley Division will always This current layout is the fourth in the build­ developed a reverse move within our caboose come back to haunt us; it was too much a part of ing of the OC&SW. Like our prototype, we are trackage. our lives. always relaying our track for greater purposes. Industry has come to the fore in OC&SW As the OC&SW grew, we always had our sur­ The fust layout was in Buffalo Grove, IL. in the operations (creating a number of switching vey crews laying out better trackage. (Levcling '70s. The second and third layouts were built in moves along the mainline). A ranch manager out grades, for instance, in Arizona, New Sedona, AZ. representing the area west of from Rine. CO, set up OUT cattle staging yard Mexico and Utah can be an experience.) South­ Flagstaff. AZ. along the Santa Fe Railroad. (see cover), laying it out to fill a certain area and west scenery prevails. Our lines had to split at times for better easement of grade and radius. Ron is now up to his neck in electrical work to

4 - With a Santa Fe GP60M atthe point, a pig train drops down out of Crozier canyon.

3 - An eastbound stack train headed by some new GE Dash 8-40CWs passes through Kingman Canyon.

April "1993 5 - A small portion of the layout's motive power is seen in this view of the diesel termi­ nal. The classification yard is visible to the rear. That visiting Colorado Rail Link SW1 in the foreground belongs to MRG editor Randy Lee.

6 - (top right) Union Pacific GE Dash 8- 40CW 9400 waits for a refrigerator "Hot­ shot" to pass in the deep cut at Williams Loop.

7 - (left) The Williams Junction yard has an intermodal terminal and serves many other industries.

8 - (bottom left) The coaling tower and other steam-era facilities still stand on the OC&5W. In a compromise reached between father and son, modern-era equipment is operated part of the year and transition-era equipment the other part.

perfect our bi-directional signal operations for those "Q" ho tshot trains going in either direc­ tion on either track. The Santa Fe-type signal bridges themselves were a nightmare to make, using a large amount of Plastrucl and many Ore­ gon Rail Supply signals. Ron is carrying the production of the necessary chip boards. Jim Rice of Grand Junction also had a hand in set­ ting us up. The Scenery Don't you hate it when your plaster chips and reveals a white spot? I know I sure did when it happened on our nrst layout. Though I'm sure it isn't origina1, I came up with a solution through trial and error that has eliminated this problem. By mixing an inexpensive earth-colored tem­ pera (bought by the quart or half gallon) into the wet plaster, I no longer have to worry about chips. The scenery was made by wrinkling and dip-

42 • Model Railroading April .... 993 ping both. newspapers and paper towels in plas­ tains themselves. We also wan ted our mountains and the tremendous camaraderie among model ter and placing them on chicken wire that was to overwhelm lhe railroad rather th an have the raihoaders. shaped as wanted. Sometimes a wadded mess of railroad overpower the scenery. We thought it best Even in Grand Junction, there arc specially soaked paper was pushed onto a face of the pIas­ to "look out at" and not so much "down at" the designed layouts that can give one a thril l. Tom ter sheeting to make a great rock ou tcroppings. scenery. Some mountains reach as high as the Holley's 12' x 65' [Jailer is totally devoted to an Then, as it was beginning to sel, plain ordinary ceiling and the layout's lowest point is 44" above HO layo ut; there's not even running water or a dirt (thorougWy dry) was mixed with Weld wood the floor. Si tting on our slOols, we have the added commode. Operations arc Tom's mainstay. To Plastic Resin Glue and sifted over the wet plas­ advantage of excellent points of view. keep four mainl ine trains of at least 40 cars each ter. Once dry it gives us a surface harder than running around a work train can be a challcnge hardshell, Next, I spread all kinds of ground Power for the OCa.SW for a dispatcher. When a layout needs a dispatcher, covers, including ground foam, again with The Innovator 2000 throule from Innovative you know it's on its way to offering prototype Weld wood Plastic Resin Glue, over the dirt. Train Technologies has been a wonderful addi­ operations. Lastly I sprayed the ground cover with water tion to the OC&SW, and its memory is a real There's that word again - prototype: really mixed with some detergent. Once it's dry you assel. By plugging it into any of the Radio Shack seeing the cquipmenl, observing the operations, can forget it; your landscape will go nowhere. phone jacks we've ins tall ed around the layout making mental note of the cluttered detail arc all Because I love scenicking, Ron named me (especially at those industrial sidings) we can stay keys. A 4x8 board doesn't provide much space "Father Nature." right on top of our switching moves. It easily han­ to capture the essence of the prototype and pro­ Ballast for the OC&SW was sifted with a dles five Ernst-geared diesels without heating up. vide an opportunity for detail as well as opera­ flour sifter from actual ballast found along the Speaking of Ernst gears, we've found them to tions. A layout where grid-type bench work right-or-way of the Santa Fe and Rio Grande. be a pretty good sound system for diesels. Forty exists is a big plus. Think diminutive! Try to sec The sifted ballast with mixed with dry plastic of our diesels have been equipped with Ernst things as they will be in HO size. That small resin glue and spread evenly over the ties with a gears so far. In fact, when MRG editor Randy stone or rock can make an incredible boulder or brush, being sure to let the spike heads show. Lee visited the layout he gave us quite a razzing cliff face in HO. (We have a lot of real stones and Then it was sprayed with detergent water. Be about how our locomotives were probably set­ rocks on the OC&SW, thanks to Mother Nature.) careful around your switch points and linkage or ting off the seismic alarms at the National Earth­ Once we institute a fast clock along with you'll never have to spike that switch, ever. quake Information Center in Golden, CO, almost Steve King's card-order system to make up our 250 miles east of here. trains we'll have even more challenges. Can you Th StnJclurp.. We have four other power packs; an MRC, a imagine the switching moves required to draw Building structures is another favorite activity Troller and two homemade ones for the termi­ cars from almost anyplace in that six-track yard'! of mine in model railroading. Building one of nals. All of these packs arc tied together thro:;gh The breakup of trains will pose a like challenge those old Fine Scale Line or Campbell kits or rotary switches on our control panels. We arc upon arrival in the yard. In stages we have been kitbashing a building to fit a certain area can be always seeking ways to improve. The OC&SW going through thc.<;e learning experiences. really rewarding. Making a structure fit a certain can easily be run as a four-man operation. One Lastly, one of the besl parls of our learning space can be a chall enge (such as the aforemen­ Rio Grande conductor that sometimes operates experience is making friends. After going tioned callIe stockyard). With many of the plas­ with us stated, "Give me a Hotshol, not a local." through so many regionals in the Midwest, lic kits gelling better we find Walthers In September of 1992, the Colorado Western Pacific Southwest, and now the Rocky Moun­ Cornerstone series are very good for us. A num­ Division of the Rocky Mountain Region, tain Region plus national conventions, we've ber of them arc on this layout. NMRA, hosted the "Fall '92 Highball Conven­ met a lot of good people. I've made a good num­ One of our biggest challenges was the build­ tion" in Grand Junction, CO. Our friend Ron, ber of friends at model railroad meets. We get ing of our potash mine. Using several kits, we who now lives on the cast coast near Boston, ideas - learn what's new. Our latest new friend kitbashed them to fit on the slope of a mountain was able to altend and provide some much is Mike Murphy, president of the Hostler Club that was already there. Just like the prototype, appreciated assistance with our bi-directional of Ogden, UT. Hi s club numbers close to 200 we built it onto the side of the mountain rather signaling. Ron has undertaken a great project members. They show their modules al1 over the tJlan building the mountain around the mine. in selling thi s up. I guess that learning experi­ West. While attending our Fall '92 Highball, the The coaling tower is one of our pride and joys. ence continues throughout the life of a model Hostlers showed up with at least 30 members After taking pictures along the right-of-way of railroader. and set up their modules at our convention. the Union Pacific, we scaled the slide using the There is always something new to learn, and 17 ' height of a Big Boy and blew it up for mak­ Opportunitie< Off. re<, there arc always new friends to make, as we ing the elevations. These drawings were then If there is one thing th at Brian and I have progress in model railroading. ~ reduced to HO size for building the HO coaling learned il, is that model railroading can provide lower. The roundhouse was enlarged from an old many opportunities which a father and his son About the Author AHM kiL La fiL a Big Boy. The diesel shed starLed can share. Even though Brian is an adult and I out as a Suydam kit, then was detailed from am now retired, we still find that the hobby pre­ David Hal Morris, now retired, describes ATSF interior photos. sents many exciting and challenging opportuni­ himself as a "watercolori st of the historical In mentioning Brian before, 1 also should have ties. Once we were privileged to participate in landscape, mining towns, trains of the past, said he is our ''Track Gang." Gandy dancers have operating that wonderful La Mesa Tehachapi old steam-era ships and the western moun­ nothing on him except their chant. The yard of layout in San Diego. Don Goebel, a friend of tain landscape." Dave worked in the art the OC&SW is over 30' long and up to six tracks ours, called to say the Balboa Park layout was dcpartment of lhe Chicago Sun-Times for wide as it widens. Here again, some kitbashing short of operators. Running trains on such a many years and later served as art director was required since the yard tracks go right up famous layout was too much to pass up. Don and advertising manager for a Chicago­ next to the wall. Design Preservation Model kits flew us out in his Cardinal. Brian was given his based furniture chain. He is a charter mem ­ were cut up to fit; every side of the building was thronle at 10 a.m. and didn't get off until 4:30 ber of the Society of Steam Artists of used as a front. These false fronts, placed over p.m.; he didn't even break for lunch. And during America. His work has been shown a1 many Walthers' backdrops, provided the answer. The that time he made only six trips around the lay­ train-related exhibitions around the country learning experience was on the move. (The FUN out - that's how big that Tehachapi layout is. including ones at the Museum of Science of model railroading!) Naturally, Don and I took throttles too. We and Industry in Chicago and the 19861nLer­ Because this layout is an island layout (except stayed at the home of Al Newman, a retired national Ex hib ition of Steam Art in Boston. behind the yard wall) we have no backdrops. Our ATSF conductor. The entire experience was a Many of Dave's train-related watercolors backdrops are all three-dimensional - the moun- thrill that was made JXlssible by our joint interest arc avai lable as prints.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 43 The Port Reading coal dumping facility.

s early as the end of the U.S. Civil War, the high enough to clear the sides of the largest A future of wood as a fuel was in doubl. Figure 1 ships when the tide is in, the coal will fall so far The forests were being decimated and the latest when the tide is out that it is pulverized. form of power had been found in coal The newly It is important that coal be delivered without developed canals and railroads were excellent breakage, for coal is classified by si7.e at the means of gctLing coal from the mines to the grow­ mine or at breaker installations. The classifica­ ing cities along the ALlanlie coast. Coal move­ tion determines the specific purpose and price. ment developed to four major ports: Norfolk. VA; Lwnp. pea and ,ice are names of a few typical Baltimore, MD; Philadelphia, PA; and New York sizes of coal. In order to deliver the coal nuggets City, NY. At these POTts, coal was dumped in intact, chutes were developed with mechanical great quantities into ships and barges for move­ features permitting delivery at various levels to menllD power plants and other induslries around accommodate both the differing heights of the harhor and also to ocean-going ships for ships' hulls and tidal changes in watcr level. export trade and to coastwise colliers for transfer One of the early types of mechanical chutes to sma11er cities along the Atlantic shore. was the Henkel Palenl chute (see Figure 3). Many railroads, including all the larger roads This design had the advantage of being SlATEN in the mid-Atlantic states, were known as coal ISLAND adjustable to several specific heights by an (NEW YORK I roads because of the great quantity of coal they arrangement of opening hatches which permit­ transported along their routes to the tidewater. ted the crewmen to position the chute at the The railroads serving the New York Harbor area ATLANTIC desired level. To lower the chute into position OCEAN terminated at many locations along the shore, usually took two people about five minutes. but thus spreading out their facilities over a large area it required four to five people up to 20 minutes ranging from lhe Erie's facility at Edgewater, NJ, to raise it back up. The Reading Railroad facility in the north to the Pennsylvania Railroad's at Port Richmond (Philadelphia) used a Henkel dumper at South Amboy, NJ, in the souLh (see chute at one time. Figure I). Another type of coal-dumping facility, also a At one time, the wide Hudson River presented most basic type is the "gravity pier. "In this, coal chute with an adjustable upper leg, is known as an insurmountable barrier to the railroads bring­ is simply released from hopper cars through thc Link Bell palent device (see Figure 4). The ing coal directly into New York City, and only openings between the rails down into chutes that advanlage of this design was that the LIpper leg the New York Central (among railroads that car­ lead to open ships or barges. While this is the of the chute could be positioned anywhere ried coal) even reached the island of Manhattan. simplest installation, it is usually not the cheap­ between the top and boltom extremes, thus mak­ est to build nor is it the most cost-efficient type, ing it more flexible than either the Henkel patent Basic Types as will be shown. As the water level varies, the chute or the simple hinged type of chute. The Coal dumpers along the Atlantic coast were position of the vessel receiving the coal moves time and labor requirements for adjusting this of several types (see Figures 2-4). The first and up and down. If the coal chutes are positioned chute are about the same as for the Henkel type.

44 • Model Railroading April 1993 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

HINGE

HINGE

THIS TYPE OF COAL LEG IS ADJUSTABLE TO SEVERAL FIXED POSITIONS

GRAVITY PIER WITH "'LINK·BELT" PATE NT GRAVITY PlEA WITH FUllY ADJUSTABLE TELESCOPING SIMPlE HI NGED CHUTE LEG AT UPPER END IGREEtll'/IC H PIER PE NNSYLVAtilA RR, PHILJlDELPHIA HARBOR)

Several of these were in service at one Lim e Harbor area. In a McMyler dumper, the struc­ along the eastern seaboard, including the Penn­ ture was used as an elevator whose cradle would Figure 5 sylvania Railroad pier 6 at Greenwich, Philadel­ lift a car to optimum dumping height. There an ;

April 1993 Model Railroading • 45 - where space was insufficient for a McMyler or Figure 6A and 68 other installation, was a combination of mechanical and gravity plants in an endless­ chain conveyor. In this operation railroad cars would be dumped into hoppers that would be , raised by the endless belt to a gravity delivery IA.o.IN DUMPER system to waiting ships. In this particular instal­ lation, coal was delivered to bins at the top of the chain and could be held until required. Coal could be delivered to a ship at the end of Lhe pier (where the tracks were at a right angle to the ship rather than parallel to it) and would be dumped from the raised bins as needed. Another type of dumper considered for the New York Harbor area was a bucket-conveyor delivery system (see Figure 7 A and 7B). In this case coal was dumped into mechanical buckets RETURN that were raised and rolled out over a waiting TRACK B ship where the bucket would be lowered and A MECHANIC"L OUMPER dumped directly into the hold of a ship or barge. WITH MOVABLE TOWERS MECftANICAlOUW'>ER Breakage of coal would be kept to a minimum WITH MOVABLE TOI'IERS DIAGRAM OF TOWER with this system; this type was in use at the POri DlAGRMIOF DU MPER of Buffalo on the Great Lakes as early as 1913. Port Reading and the Reading Co. Atlantic seaboard were either gravity-operated were tried, but the efficiencies of the telescoping Coal Dumping Facilliy and adjustable chule nearly eliminated the nced or were of the McMyler Elevator type, other for this operation. (Of course the skill of the types of dumpers were used or were studied for The Port Reading Railroad was a subsidiary dump operator would determine how much possible application. At Lamberts Point and at of the (fonnerly the Philadel­ extra attention the coal pile would need.) Newport News, VA (both in Norfolk Harbor), phia and Reading Railroad) and was quite sim­ The research and development of coal piers in were dumpers that used power inclines with ple as railroads in New Jersey go. The mainline general was so extensive that factors such as the gravity return of raihoad coal cars. These were extended from the Delaware and Bound Brook flow of different types of coal over a chute dumped into special "dock" cars that transferred Railroad (Reading's New York Division) near became quite important: for example, the exact the coal by an elevator that raised them to a thc crossing of the Lchigh Valley Railroad in differences in the flow ratc between bituminous gravity dumper: the cars, once dumped. returned Somerset County, NJ, eastward to Port Reading, and anthracite (hard coal) would be taken into to the yards by gravity. This is similar in general NJ, on the Arthur Kill ( Sound) in careful consideration. Moreover, it was calcu­ to the figure showing lhe mechanical plant with Middlesex County, a distance of 19.609 miles. lated that coal would flow in winter months at a moveable towers in that transfer cars were used Thc main purposc of thc south BOWld Brook greater minimum angle than in the summer. With in both applications. In Figure 6A and 6B, how­ Branch (.4 mile) and the Woodbridge Branch such sophisticated infonnation it was possible to ever, the railroad cars were dumped into self­ (1 .437 miles) was to provide the Reading with design excellent coal-handling equipment. Over propelled transfer cars having side-dump its own coal-dumping outlet in the New York the years it was not surprising that mechanical mechanisms. These cars would proceed along Harbor area. Since Port Reading is located prcLty dumpers such as the McMyler were both lower the pier to one of the moveable towers spotted far away from the center of activity in thc harbor in cost than gravity piers to construct, and also for optimum dumping positions and would be area, land was probably quite inexpensive, and lower in the cost per ton of coal dumped. elevated and dumped into wailing ships. the connection could be built nearly straight to While most of the coal dumpers on the The Lackawanna's dumper in Hoboken, the dumper because, before the tum of the cen­ tury whcn the line was built, Middlesex County was largely undeveloped. While the Arthur Kill Figure 7 A and 78 was li terally a backwater, it was still not as far out as the Pennsylvania's facility at South Amboy, about five miles fanher south. Port Reading was the home port for Reading's tug­ boat fleet, and special coal packets were main­ , tained up to nearly the end of operation of the , dumper (see Figure 1). The Rcading always moved some quantities of other freight over this line as evidenced by the 1931 tax assessment listing such facilities as ,- -,, TILTED , , a freight house in Port Reading, as well as cattle CRADLE , , r: -,- '. pens. ~ CRADLE WITH CAR "" "" At Port Reading the company maintained a ~ , ~ A r-CHU1E CAA tie creosoting plant served by a complete nar­ ":..,,- row-gauge raihoad. About 12 acres were devoted

CRADL E BUCKET \ DUCkET 1\ to turning raw lumber into finished ties north of ! Lhe coal-dwop:r rail yards as far as Port Reading Avenue. About a mile of narrow-gauge trackage, both as a third rail in the standard-gauge lines A B and on its own roadbed, was used for transporta­ t.lECI1ANICAl. OUUPER t.lECHANICAI. DUMPER WITH DUCKET.cc»IVEYOO WITH 8lICKer·CQNVEYQfl tion of raw material and products in varying END VIEW FRONT VIEW states of completion about the plant.

46 • Model Railroading April 1993 Although the Central Railroad of New Jersey pany on the Great Lakes. This was dismantled (Jersey Central), stepchild of the Reading Co., and shipped, piece by piece, to Port Reading Figure 9 was surprisingly close to the Reading mainline, where Reading Co. workers reassembled the access to the line and the coal dumper would structure. From other points on the Reading SOME ARRANGEMENTS OF GRAVITY PLArflSor. ATLANTIC COAST have required rev ersing the train at least once; came surplus fittings, according to former Read­ GRADE APPROACH AND RETURN during some periods movement would have ing Co. Viee President Frank Fisher. GAAO( ~PPROAC""ND 1\1 'URN BERWIND WHIT E COAL PIER HAASIMUS COVE, NJ I INEW YOR K HARBOR) been even more difficult. Fortunately, the Jersey The Reading's Pori Reading coal facility was DUMPEIl PEN NSYLVANIA AR Central had its own facilities at bolh Elizabelh ~ built on about 300 acres in Woodbridge Town­ port (gravity piers) and at Jersey City (McMyler ship, in th e town of Sewaren. NJ. Its traffic dumpers), and there is no indication that mine increased continually from the year it opened. trains were ever routed to Port Reading via the peaking finally in lhe post-wwn period. The Jersey CentraL first gravity pier buill here had a width of 58' Students of northeastern railroading may know and a length of 900' with a height of 38' above that the Reading and Jersey Central both played mean tide. A smaller pier was lhen built in 1899, host (via trackage rights) to parent railroad Balti­ having a width of 4 1 " length of 700' and a more and Ohio, but not too many realize that this height above mean tide of 22'. Finally, in 1906 a LOAO YARO AND EMPTY YARD AT OPPOSITE ENOS OF PlEA giant coal road had yet another set of facilities of third pier was completed with a width of 58', ~ '1

April 1993 Model Railroading • 47 Steam power plant for dumper.

The barney track is depressed at the bot­ tom of run so hopper can be rolled over the barney. Relationship of steam plant to dumper. also used over the car retarders in the descent wo uld be stored about the Reading's docks at demand from the individual customer. Trains ramp to the dwnpcr to confirm proper operation. Port Reading. Each jobber needed to have coal arriving at Port Reading inbound would average Port Reading and other similar facilities were separated into the various types and into grades about 50 loads each with five or more trains a built to serve the needs of the coal dealers. A such as nut, barley or other sizes to be ready on day of solid coal cars. problem encountered with this type of operation was to arrange the dispersal of cars to permit smooth flow wilh an ever-changing demand for particular types of coal. The type of coal, sizes available and daily or hourly changes in the market made this a very complicated situation for the facility to arrange. Coal jobbers bought coal directly from the mines. Anthracite coal came from eastern Penn­ sylvania in an area centered around Scranton and Wilkes-Barre; bituminous coal came from Ohio, western Pennsylvania and West Virginia. While small amounts were destined for coastal ports via colliers departing from Port Reading, and minor shipments went overseas, the bulk of coal dumped was for use in the greater New York area. Coal arriving at Port Reading was owned by the coal jobbers or was already sold by the time it reached the dumper. In this case orders were waiting to transship the coal to assigned barges for fmal delivery. When the coal market was slow, the coal would have to be stored for a long time. Storage in cars was not desirable, but was occasionally done when barge space was at a premium. The cost of storing coal in railroad cars was always much more than in barges, and on occasion over one hundred of these barges full of jobbers' coal Dump operator's cabin in the raised (out of use) position.

48 • Model Railroading April '1993 View looking east toward warming shed . The Port Reading warming shed.

vary much as the market for the di ffering types wo uld c hange. Stored cars brough t to the dumper were actually being re- handled or fe-re ­ handled, and the supervisory personnel at Pan Reading facility became expert at predicting business trends in order to have cars ready for the jobbers' orders. Wherever possible, cars would be lined up for the next day in storage yards, ready for the next shift of workers to move inlO position for dumping. When cars were ready for dumping, a yard engine would push a cut of cars up the incline at the west end of the main yard. In cold weather the train would pause as needed in the thawing shed: meanwhile a cut of cars previously left on one of the four available tracks in the shed would be pushed out of the shed and stopped at the 1.25% descent at the cast end of the yard, leading to the dumper. When an opcralOr was in position A 1950. view of the pier serving the gravity dumper at Port Richmond with the Read ­ with hands on the brake wheel, the car would be ing's steam tugs, Winterthur, Gwynedd, Ogontz and Cheltenham. Note t he composite uncoupled and with the faces open would be hopper cars at to p right. Photo courtesy of Reading Technical-Historical Society shoved slightly forward: the engine would apply the brakes and the train would stop, but the sin ­ Many types of motive power have visited the would have been turned on the wye ncar the gle car with the rider would roll slowly down to railroad end of the dumper at Parl Reading. Dur­ entrance to the yard. the dumper. In the operators ' cabin, another ing the latter days of Reading. their modern In the yard, the crews and supervisors would operator would watch the car via television and hood diesels could be found (Conrail still tics up make use of the flexibility (and would create would apply the air-operated car retarders to some GP38-2 and GE units there). In the 1950s lhcir own flexible arrangements) in track assign­ slow the car to the point that it would stop just GP9s and F-units were common, and in the days ments to meet the constantly changing markets beyond the cable-operated barney. The rider of steam, Mikados and Camelback Consolida­ for coal. With the demand changing rapidly, it would tum the brake 10 actually SLOp the car. tions, and possibly even straight-boiler 2-8-05 was impossible to store cars neatly with areas As described earlier, this yellow four-wheeled (non-camelbacks) in the very early days of for the different types of coal wi thin the yard: car had an arm La push the hopper up the incline operation might have been observed. These from day to day the content of the yard would to the dumper. The arm would be engaged and

Tug Shamokin prepares to haul a loaded barge to New York, circa 1960. View is from the Port Reading dumper looking southwest. Reading Company photo courtesy of Chute detail. Reading Technical-Historical Society

April '1993 Model Railroading • 49 The following numbered photos sequentially illustrate a car going through the Port Reading coal dumper during its last year of operation .

..- 1 - Carrolls down 1.25% grade from warming shed.

4 - After the hopper has been raised into position, the carriage is tilted. (Refer to photo 8 for lowered position.)

2 - Hopper approaches hookup point for barney.

5 - Load starts dumping .... 6 - Coal pours down chute.

3 - With barney arm engaged. operator holds on for ride up to dumper. 7 - Dump completed. (Bottom view of dumper platform.)

50 • Model Railroading April 1993 • 8 - Car is righted, lowered and "kicked" off dumper where it will roll past sprung switch to "ski jump· retarder, then roll back and be automatically switched to return track leading to emp­ ties yard.

9 - Having passed behind t he dumper, car continues to empties yard with operator in control of the brake.

10 - Car on left is going to empties yard as another loaded car (right) proceeds up to the dumper. the car would be pushod up the II % grade lO the would roll down the grade to the switchback: on barge handled about 750 tons of coal and even cradle of the car dumper. With the car on the occasion the car would roll too quickly and the older tugs would haul up to 20 of these. In dumper. workers lowered clamps to hold the car would go off the ro lIer-coaster end of the one instance noled the tugs hauled 30 barges in in place and prepare the car for dumping. While switchback and would be smashed on impact in one group. These barges would be brought to this dumper was the last word in technology in the Arthur Kill. Normally, however. the car piers all around the city for unloading and deliv­ 1917, by the 1980s car capaci lY had increased would reach the desired point beyond the ery to their respective coal dealers. In the after­ by more than the dwnper could properly handle. switchback in control of an operator working noon, generally, empties would be collected and Thus, while 75-ton cars were regularly dumped, the brake wheel (riding the car) and would would be retwned to the dumper at night [or the 100-ton cars look a bit longer to dump. for reverse by gravity and roll down the receiving following day's loading. crews had to remove the couplers to fit them on track north of the dumper. Today, although blue Conrail diesels tic up at the dumper's cradle! The structure vibrated and When a nwnber of empties had accumulated. Pan Reading, and some tracks are still in place, the rumbled as the huge elevator lifted the car and a yard engine would haul them to be readied for coal dumper stands idle as a statue. Many of the automatically began to dump. a train heading outbound. Down below, on the areas are fenced off completely against vandalism, Meanwhile. far out at the end of the apron pier itself, electric boat winches were used to and all movable items have been removed from only slighlly oul of the path of the load of coal position the barges or colliers for even distribu­ the area. There is still an ex-Reading ooxcar out­ rushing toward the chule, the dump operator tion of coal over the length of the boat's hold. side the JX>werhouse but even this has had its cou­ would control the position and attitude of the This, along with the telescoping and adjustable pler removed. The facility looks as if it could be chute and the apron. With a cloud of gray smoke lower-leg chute and adjustable apron, were used put back in service for yet another incarnation (it obscuring all, a sound like the world cracking to minimize break-up in each dump. was out of service and closed down during most of apart would signal the coal's rushing down the The tugboats were about 100 1 long. In the 1973 and was shut down again in 1982), but for metal apron and into the chute. Another cloud 1920s, shortly after the dumper was built, 500- the present the Pan Reading dumper is silent, the would rise from the barge, and the load of coal hp steam tugs were used. The engines were last of its kind in the New York Harbor area. from one single car would be complete. The ele­ improved until by the end of operation tugboats Next time, we'll visit the rotary dumper at vator cradle would then lower the car and it with over 1,500 hp were in use. The average Yesla!, NY - a model buill by Doug Miller. ~

April 1993 Model Railroading • 51 ON TRACK The Game of Chess with No Checkmate by Jim Mansfield

A nyane who has been reading Model RaiL- Trailer nats and container cars ("tubs" as they including chains, and weathering that shows not 1-\... roatiing for the past 18 months or so real­ are sometimes called) have different handling just the ravages of time, but a1so the evidence of izes by now that my number one persona] enjoy­ procedures than hopper cars, gondolas and other the "wee folk" on the layout. This evidence can ment in the hobby of model railroading is "open" cars. Tank cars, especially the danger­ be clean handholds where brakemen wipe the operation. While] like to hand-lay track and add ous-lading variety, have special moves that grime off with their hands as they climb aboard "operational detail" to some of the rolling slock govern how they arc switched, loaded and and ride along or discarded forms and other on the Jersey Western layout, it is really the unloaded and where they are placed in trains. trash on the ground. design and use of an operating system that Just as in chess, each piece on our game board Having been a switchman on the Louisville "switches my cars," so to speak. I lend to look at adds interest and purpose to the game of model and Nashville Railroad, I tend to operate model the hobby from the angle of designing and railroading. Irains from the JX>int of "being on the ground." building your own game. This gives me a feel­ Riding the bottom of a CUI while hanging on for ing. 1 suppose, much like th al experienced by The Game Board dear life to the ladder of a boxcar, wrapping up a the chap who first conceived the game of chess. I suspect the first chessboard was on paper brake on a setout and walking down a lead while Coming up with the moves and building the (perhaps parchment) while the planning of the a Irain backs at four or five mph during a switch game board and pieces that arc moved about arc game was underway. Once the game's pieces and is model railroading. Just as playing the game the principal lXlin1s of the hobby for mc. moves were designed, true crafLsmanship took "the King is dead" is easier than actually doing over. The first boards were wood, ivory and soft­ ballle, model railroading captures the game of The Moves metal inlay affairs. Great pride was taken in railroading without standing in the rain and The level to which I take operation is based building these original battlefields. Players built dodging rai1cars. on prototype methods and skills. To fully appre­ their own; or those who could afford the luxury ciate this approach to prototype operation, I use had craftsmen conSlruct the boards. The Masters the forms I have shared with you during the last Sounds kind of like a model railroading lay­ Just as every kingdom of every land had its few months. These forms are meant to give out, does it not? The craftsmanship utilized to masters, model railroading has its share. The operators the feel of really being there. I also build even the simplest model railroad layout is many superb horne and club layouts seen in this have been discussing prototype-style car move­ well on a par with the best of chess boards. A lot and other publications are a testament to the ment and how the paperwork (and a personal of personal satisfaction and many years of play­ many masters in the hobby. There is a mu1titude computer) helps direct the moves. ing the game arc available from both. (It is diffi­ of fine layouts in existence today. The word The game of chess has moves that both add cult, however, to model railroad by mail!) "fine" is quite subjective, and the term "finest" interest to the game and convey the powers of really has no Irue meaning. A fine layout is one the pieces. The knight can bound about the bat­ The Pieces that captures the essence of what Lhe builder had tlefield on his horse capturing the enemy, the To help with the illusion, I add the operational in mind when he designed it. One of the pawn always moves forward with no retreat and details to each model railcar. "finest," I suppose, is one that truly captures the rook acts as a fortress for the king when per­ Ever nolice the amount of detail on a chess what the builder wanted. forming a castle move. Each piece has iLs pur­ piece? Even the cheap "toy" sets have knights Just building a layout makes a person a mas­ pose and the movement of that piece creates that look like a horse. The better-quality sets ter, as long as the layout can be operated as a much of the character of the game. have knights on horseback, rooks (or castles) model railroad. The National Model Railroad The game of railroading, too, has moves that that look like ramparts, even to the stone detail; Association has an excellent program that helps add interest to the game and convey the purpose and the king and queen are dressed in full define a scale model railroad. The Achievement of the pieces. A passenger car is switched and regalia. Even the lowly pawn has a personality. Program is meanlto provide official recognition handled in trains differently fTom a hopper car. Playing the game with a pieces of this quality of superior achievement in craftsmanship and The passenger car must be c1eaned inside after helps the players get into the mind-set from service to the hobby. The ten areas of achieve­ each run and is washed on the outside in order to which this ancient game was conceived. ment are: motive power, cars, structures, present a pleasant appearance; cars such as bag­ Likewise, the operational details on rolling scenery, civil engineering, electrical engineer, gage and Railway Express cars are switched like stock help operators slip into the mind-set of dispatcher, association (NMRA) official, associa­ boxcars but are also loaded and unloaded while railroading. I consider these details to be sepa­ tion (NMRA) volunteer and author. Achieve­ still in the train. rate handhoJds, enhanced hand-brake details, ment in all areas will resu1t in a fine layout and

52 • Model Railroading April '1993 leadership in the hobby. The NMRA recognizes individuals who prove themselves in seven of the ten categories (see regulations for all details) by bestowing the honor and title of Master Model Railroader. This magazine is fortunate to have such an honoree: the one, the only, the prestigious Mr. Lawrence E. Smith. MMR. Chief Dispatcher I am going to end the column this month with the requirements for the seventh AP category enti­ tled "Chief Dispatcher." The requirements below arc as listed in the January 1980 special issue of the NMRA's official publication, the Bullelin. a. Must have participated in the operation of a model railroad layout for a minimum of 50 hours lolal, handling at least three different jobs during this period. Must have serv ed as dispatcher, by Richard D. Forest, Esq. yardmaster or equivalent for an accumu lated total of 25 hours. This experience shall be accu­ mulated OIl one or more model railroads having at least two mainline trains plus yard switching Donner Pass - Pentrex in simultaneous operation; some systcm of pro­ totypical freight and pas senger train and car movements, including road sw itching, shall be ever since being built as part of the origina1 For rail fans, Donner Pass is not an easy line used for controlling train acti vity. E transcontinental railroad. the Donner Pass to photograph, as many of the best spots require b. Submit Ihe following: line of the Southern Pacific (constructed as the hours of tough hiking to reach. A lot of effort 1. Prepare a schematic drawing of a model Ceniial Pacific by the Big Four) has been one of was required to drag Belacam cameras to many railroad layout meeting Ihe operating condi tions the great shows of the railroad world. Its con­ of the locations covered in this extravagant pro­ described in a. and indicate all pertinent simulated struction by legions of Chinese recruited for the duction, and now anyone can see locations that diSLa nccs . effort was one of the great engineering feats of only the most rugged (like Stein) would have 2. Develop a lime table, appropria te to this the early post-Civil War era, and it has been a reached on their own. Steinheimer knows the model railroad, sim ulating prototype time, eov­ source of fascination for rail fan s ever si nce. It best spots, and it is obvious that Pentrex listened cring a period of at least eight hOUTS or more­ was a masterpiece of surveying by the legendary 10 his advice in picking locations. The result is a during which time at least three scheduled main­ Theodore Judah, who mapped the line up a great production. line lrains move in each direction. mountain ridge rather than the usual river-valley As is usual with Pentrex prodUctions, state­ 3. Develop an operating train chart (graph) type of rai lway building, as the valleys were too of-the-art equipment is utilized for both pho­ which interprets the above schedule for time lable operation of the model railroad. If any train steep to make usual river-valley building practi­ tography and copying. and the photography is meets occur indicate one of thcm on the cal. Almost as great an effort was th e double technically excellenl. Editing has traditionally schematic drawing (I. above). Show the jX>siLion tracking of the railway in the '20s (with the new been Pentrex's weak point, but it is better than of the trains involved and describc the acti on Summit Tunnel and the Nordon Complex). Now usual in th is tape. Steinheimer's presence adds giving pertinent lime and movement data to Pentrex gives us a good look at this marvelous greatly to both the quality and interest of the effect the meet. piece of railroad. tape; and any future video tours of specific lines 4. Develop or adapt a system of operation for All the best and most-famous locations on should have someone of Stein'S stature along. the layout in a. above including allihe necessary 'The Hi11" are covered, and, this time, Pentrex There is a map to give a general idea of the loca­ fonns and explanation of their use for control­ takes along a Irllly qualified guide. Photographer tions (a big improvement; they have been listen­ ling ca r movements, train make-up and opera­ Richard Steinheimer, whose work has appeared ing), but the map is weak in th at it only shows lion in a prototypical manner. in virtually every railfan publishing work for the general location of the line, with no explana­ c. Must submit a completed Statement of Quali­ years, joins Pentrex in its tour of the Donner Pass tion of how or why it was built on the ridge and fications which shall include the following: line; we are also shown some of the great black­ its relation to th e valleys. Hi story is covered Atta chment (I copy only) of the fonns and and-while photos Stein look a10ng with early-day only supe rficially, bUl this tape docs not offer drawin gs required in b. above. photos. These are neally blended into the views itself as a history. (In the educational TV show Description of the jobs held and an approxi­ of today's railroading on the "Big Hill." There on the building of the first transcontinental rail­ mation of the number of hours accrued in each arc views at Emigrant Gap, where the line crosses road Stein gives us a better look at the reason for position. from the watershed of the American River the line's geography.) However, the meat of this Witnessed evidence by a qualified NMRA Canyon to lhe Canyon of the Yuba (an area tape is absolute dynamite. The narration (except member that all of the requirements have been mel and that the member requcsting certificalion unfortunately desecrated by the construction of by Stein) tends to be usual '50-ish Pentrex, but has operated a model railroad in a prototypical Interstate 80); at the top of the hill on the original the photography is usua1 Pentrex rust-rale quality, manner. Central Pacific overlooking Donner Lake; and and it does a super job of showing us the line in on Stanford Curve (to name but a few). both good weather and snow. In terms of pro­ To help you get started, take a look at page 28 The town of Truckee is shown in its glory, as is duction effort, the tape clearly belongs in the in the June 1992 issue of this publication, page Colfax; both breathe Southern Pacific, as they "Epic" category. Despite a few shortcomings, 16 or the December 1992 issue. and page 60 or have for over a centtuy. All kinds of big }Xlwer on which arc really obviated by Stein's presence, the January 1993 issue. freight is seen, as is AmlIak's California Zephyr this tape is a great job and belongs in the video Becoming a "Chief Dispatcher" through the with today's Superliners and F40PHs. Snow library of every railfan. Achievement Program of the NMRA may be fighting is a very important and fascinating Donner Pass. Pentrex, P.O. Box 9491 1. likened to mastering the complex game of chess. aspect of the SP's operation on the hill and has Pasadena. CA 91109; 800-950-9333. S39.95 There are no winners or losers. just those who developed into an art over decades of constant plus 54.00 shipping. CA residents add 8.25% enjoy the fascination of the game and sharing it effort; this tape gives excellent views of this sales tax. Color with a few black-and-white still with other interested players. Care for a game? ~ rarely seen aspect of operat ions on the Big Hill. photos. 90 minutes. ~

April 1993 Model Railroading • 53 · . . O. ' .. ,, ',. "

BEHIND THE SCENES A Rock in Time ...Part IV by Margaret Mansfield Photos by Jim Mansfield

reating scaled-down rock formations offers per held together with masking tape. the use of implement being used for the carving. and then C the model railroader an opportunity La try a screen-wire support has been recommended to drag along and slick to itself. many different techniques and materials, all on by many because of its durability and tendency Once it begins to set up, drying proceeds very the same layout. This is especially lruc when rc- not to change shape under the weight of the quickly. If the Hydrocal is carved into strata creating southern New Mexico, an area which is plaster.} while moist, a wire brush may be drawn along rich in geological variety. Here many different To start, all adjacent trackwork and completed the strata when they are dry to form additional types of sedimentary and igneous rocks abound scenery were completely covered with newspaper fine lines. A soft, dry bristle brush must then be and arc the most visibly arresting feature of the and drop cloths, where appropriate. Industrial- used to remove the plaster "dust" from the rock landscape since naturally occurring vegetation strength paper towels, those reinforced with surface. The lines formed by the wire brush may is so sparse. nylon thread, were cul into 5" x 11" s trips. not be perfectly straight, and variations in the We have taken advantage oftffis on our Jersey Approximately one cup of cool water was mixed surface plane will cause difficulties in creating Western Railroad and have used the cliffs below with two cups of dry Hydrocal plaster and mixed uniformly scribed fine lines. For these reasons, the JWRR tracks at Humphreys Tank to explore to the consistency of thick cream in a plastic con- and because plaster of paris is softer and tends to a variety ofrock modeling techniques. Over the tainer. The paper towels were then dipped into remain "workable" for a longer period of time on past few months, we've examined: carving strati- the plaster, coated on both sides and draped over the layout, Jim and I have found plaster of paris fied layers of sedimentary rock and shale from the screen wire, towel by towel. proceeding from to be a better choice for carving than Hydrocal. plaster of paris; hand-smoothing a volcanic dike the top down. Once all the wire was covered To form the detail on this portion of the cliffs, from the same substance; and creating both a (using about three batches of Hydrocal and however, we chose not to use a carving tech- cut-rock retaining wall and a rough-cut bridge water), the hardshell was left to dry. A minimum nique, but rather to use ]alex rubber molds filled abutment near the cliffs from dental casting of one hour's drying time is recommended prior wi th dental plaster and applied over the hard- plaster. Now it's time to take a look at a third to commencing further work. shell. The molds were supplied by Superior lype of plaster substance commonly used by The dried shell proved to be both very Slrong Hobby Products. as were the Hydrocal and den- modelers - Hydrocal. We'll be using it along and very hard, suitable as a support for almost tal casting plaster. with dental casting plaster poured in latex-rub- any additional rockwork, including the addition Prior to actually filling the molds, each one ber molds, to model the portion of the cliffs of real rock. Should additional stren gth be was examined to determine its "fit" with the rest adjacent to the stratified layers. desired, a coat of the Hydrocal mixture may be of the finished cliff. Mold #108 was selectcd to Hydrocal was chosen to form the "hardshell" applied over the shell with a brush or trowel, directly adjoin the Slratified area, sincc it too has that will function as a supporting structure for and further fine modeling work could be done at slrata that could be roughly matched up with the the cast rock molds. As a support for the this time. The Hydrocal may be carved when finished areas. A ballpoint pen was used to mark Hydrocal, screen wirc was cut to shape, folded still moist, much like plaster of paris; however, the direction of the slrata on the reverse side of JA" under on the ragged edges and stapled to the Jim and I have found that it tends to stick to the the mold; then the mold itself was held up on the existing benchwork above and below , ______--, hardshell surface and fit into place so the cliffs. Enough "slack" was Table that the strata matched with the fin- allowed in the wire so that a ledge 1 = Average 2 = Good 3 = Superior ished cliff. The top edge of the mold could be formed by hand roughly was also marked with the pen. The halfway up the cliff, running cross- Dental Casting Plaster of mold was then placed on a small ply- ways. (AlLhough Hydrocal, since its Material Hydrocal Plaster Paris wood rectangle, with "top edge" noted introduction to the hobby, has been RECOMMENDED USE on the plywood - once the plaster touted as being strong enough to Support structure 3 1 2 was poured, this would facilitate its make hardshell scenery by draping Molding/casting 1 3 2 placement on the hardshell. Two other Hydrocal-soaked paper towels over Carving 2 2 3 molds were also chosen. # 109 and nOlhing more than wadded new spa- #102, to be used alongside #108.

54 • Model Railroading April 1993 Two cups of dental casting plaster were then mixed with one cup of cool water in a plastic container to the consistency of a thick pancake batter and poured into two molds. The plaster was allowed to dry in the molds for one to two minutes; when the molds could be picked up without the plaster pouring out, they were rcady to be placed. Prior to placement, the Hydrocal shell surface was thoroughly sprayed with water so that it would not pull moisture from the new castings. The f1l"st mold, #108, was then picked up from the plywood, top edge up, and placed right on the Hydrocal surface. The mold's edges were pressed down to fit against the old eMf and on the top of the cliff below the trackboard. The second mold, #102, was placed directly below #108 and folded upward on top of the ledge that was located in the hardshell structure. After three to five minutes of waiting, the rubber molds were removed - and, voila! a realistic cliff face. Where the edges of the molds adjoined, a spray of water and a stippling with a large, dry bristle brush sufficed to eliminate any suggestion of an edge. This also worked for the bottom and top edges of the molds; a spray of water allowed the plaster to be worked slightly to eliminate an unrealistic edge. A panoramic view of the cliffs below Humphreys Tank shows the use of the three dif­ When worked in this way, the molds can be ferent types of plaster commonly available to model railroaders today. Each type has used many times without appearing repetitive. its strengths and weaknesses, as discussed in the articles making up thi~ "e':es, "A The entire cliff face visible in Photo 1 was mod­ Rock in Time." eled with the Lhree latex rubber molds described above. For variety, the molds were placed same implement used to carve the original strata ored a darker or lighter tone and painted with a upside down, sideways, lengthwise and in some so that the effect would be consistent. When thicker consistency of oil colors and a smaller instances only partially filled. Next to the first skillfully done, there should be no obvious brush. To ensure that no white plaster specks #108 mold in the uppermost right comer of the break between the plaster of paris and dental remained after coloring, a photo flood bulb was cliff. another # 108 was used - upside down plaster surfaces. shone on the cliff surface - and all the while this time. Then, half of #102 was used to form Having worked wilh three different types of that could be seen was colored in. the lower right portion of the cliff while half of plaster, we developed the matrix shown in the The cliffs were allowed to dry for a day or so, #108 was used for the upper left portion. Mold Table that recommends uses for each variety­ then final scenery touches were applied to the #109 was used sideways and right-side-up on Hydrocal, plaster of paris, and dental casting area above the tracks using Woodland Scenics the left side of the cliffs. plaster. As can be seen from the matrix, we ground foam, foliage clusters and lichen applied To ensure a match with existing scenery, a believe Hydrocal is superior for creating a sup­ with a mixture of Elmer's Glue, water and a drop paper template drawn to the contour of the area port structure; dental casting plaster for casting of dish detergent. The backdrop behind the scene to be covered by a portion of a mold can be rock molds; and plaster of paris for carving. represents a large section of open New Mexico used. This template then serves as a guide when Along with recommended usage, cost and availa­ territory - roughed in with the contours of hills filling the mold with plaster so that the correct bility are factors that are involved in choosing and valleys. It sure looks inviting, but it's not yet area of the mold is used. We used this technique materials; certainly the cost of fme-quality den­ detailed - next time we'U go into the backdrop, on the lower right portion of the cliff, with mold tal casting plaster would prohibit most mcxlelers fine tune those contours and get right down to #102, as well as the upper left portion of the from using it for all their rockwork, but plaster some detail work creating those painted hills and cliff. with mold #109. of paris would be a reasonable and available valleys! Hope you 'n join us! .1. The dental casting plaster proved to offer very alternative. Hydrocal, too, may be more expen­ fine relief and detail when used with the latex sive than regular plaster of paris, yet its sttength rubber molds. We also tried using Hydrocal makes it ideal for areas that require strong sup­ plaster in two of the molds on the left portion of port. Both Hydrocal and dental casting plaster the cliffs. We found, however, that the quality of are available from Superior Hobby Products in detail on the Hydrocal molds did not match that quantities suitable for model railroading. on the dental casting plaster molds. In addition, The final step in creating the cliffs was color­ the Hydrocal tended to stick to the mold, whereas ing them with an oil wash. There are water-base the dental casting plaster remained in place on stains and scenery powders that are available for the hardshell. this purpose; they are suitable for dental plaster Once the entire cliff was finished and had and plaster of paris surfaces, but are not dried for a period of 36 hours, the newspaper absorbed by Hydrocal due to its density. In addi­ and drop cloths were removed from adjoining tion, they do not soak into areas that have been Where does one rock mold end and areas so that the blending and coloring process worked with a fmger or brush or somehow have another begin? Skillful blending of one could begin. Here, blending into existing been depressed below a mold. For these reasons, casting into another helps to create the scenery was accomplished using the dental cast­ and for richness of color and depth of detail, the unified cliffs shown here. Castings may ing plaster mixed to a thick consistency and cliffs were colored with artists' oils thinned to a also be w orked by hand; the lower por­ b'oweled on. Next to the original stratified cliff, wash consistency and applied with a 1/2" long­ tion of this cliff was created by pulling a the newly applied plaster was carved with the bristle brush. Strata were singled out to be col- mold up and over the hardshell ledge.

April .,993 Model Railroading • 55 Smart Trees by Bill Henderson PIlotod by the author

hen you're faced with modeling almost and bend its lower branches to a 45° upward that's close, and then lighten it with yellow or a W a hundred trees you get very resource­ direction. Don't worry if some of them break off lighter green, or darken it with brown, black or ful, not to mention desperate. I wanted to realisti­ - you'll cut some of lhem off anyway. Wilh gray primer. I found K-Mart's Green (3734) in cally represent, without having the least idea of scissors, cut out enough branches, and trim the the "fresh look acrylic color" line a near match how 10 go about i~ the wooded ridges of my lay­ remaining cones shorter, until you have the typi­ with the trees in my front yard. It is slightly too out's eastern Pennsylvania location. I soon found cal pine tree outline (see photo 1). Some plants dark so I lightened it with Testor's Olive Drab the most accurate and quickest way would be to have elongated leaves growing on the stem. Pull Green in a second spraying. In any event, use use small plants and twigs as a basis for the lhese off with tweezers. just enough paint to cover. We don't want to fIll models. Did I know what I was doing? Of course The stem, or soon-to-be trunk, is a lillIe on the space between the fine fibers of the plant - not, but learning's half the fun, isn't it? the skinny side, but it can be built up with they're what look like pine needles. It's beuer to You'll notice these are not ordinary plants - spackling compound rubbed on with a pipe incompletely cover the plant, and leave some of they're smart plants and twigs that grew in the cleaner until it's the right diameter. When it's its natural color showing, than to douse it. shapes of miniature trees. Using them as raw dry, drag a fine-toothed saw up and down the To fmish the model tree, I used a small brush material. I came up with some useful techniques plaster to provide bark texture. to paint the branches and trunk a brown-gray for modeling trees in large numbers. If the foliage is too thin, or the outline of the bark color mixed from black, white and brown tree doesn 'tlook quite right, glue on some of the acrylics. After it dried, I dabbed at the trunk Pine Trees branches cut off earlier to shape the tree exactly with a wash of one-third burnt sierra, one-third Solidago, or goldenrod, comes in 125 species, as you want it. Hold a small fInishing nail with white and one-third water. The wash, if dabbed and is found, in one variety or another, in all of needle-nose pliers and poke several holes in the on, or dry-brushed on in streaks and spots, gives the 48 slates. Many species of goldenrod, after soft trunk, then glue the branches in with contact the trunk a variegated, realistic look. Does that they turn tan in the fall, have a cone-shaped cement. Keep in mind that on mature and old look like a pine tree now? And, the whole blossom resembling miniature pine trees, and pine trees the lower branches die and falloff. process didn't take more than five minutes, dis­ can be quickly turned into models. Most model Trees crowded up close together grow branches COlUlting drying time for the plaster and paint. railroaders thus could find one or more species high on the tnmk where they're exposed to sun­ that are suitable for miniatures. After you pick light. Those growing in the open, in full sun­ Deciduous Trees them off the stalk the first thing to do is soak: lhe light, start their limbs low on the trunk, Deciduous trees take longer to make because fine fibers with hair spray to prevent their sometimes touching the ground. they have to be fabricated two or three limbs at a falling out during preparation. Spray the foliage with spray paint. If you time. However, it doesn't have to be a labor of Hold a blossom-seed head of the plant upright can't find an exact pine-tree green, use any color Hercules if you start with the right scenic raw 2 - At the upper left, a balsam fir made by gluing sprigs of an air fern plant to a tapered wood dowel. The oak tree next to it is hackberry twigs partially covered with gypsophila. Behind the engine smokestack, this hackberry-twig tree's light gray color and drooping branches identify it as a beech. Above it is a yarrow plant seed head. Right. this elm tree is a western juniper twig with dyed gypsophila for the small branches.

1 - An eastern pine made by trimming and painting a goldenrod blossom.

56 • Model Railroading 3 - Summer trees made from twigs and dyed gypsophila and sprinkled with medium-grade ground foam. materials. There are tree-shaped twigs that grow Combine two or three of these lillIe beauties, because they grow sidewise along the ground. on the lower trunk of some real hackberry trees. and you have the trunk and main limbs of a Their range is in the deserts that lie, roughly miniature tree, (Hackberrics are widely distrib­ speaking, north of a line from Pennsylvania to uted in the central and eastern states.) southern California Anyone would also 00 hard­ For bark texture so detailed it can't be distin­ pressed to model bark dctaillike that found on guished from the real thing. tty the woody tips of sagebrush twigs from the western deserts. the juniper shrub that grows in the western stales. Although grape stems have smooth texture, "Sprawled junipers" Lhey 're sometimes called, (Conlinued on page 60.) Terrible Accident on the Coal Belt AUTUMN PARK, April 1- A Coal Belt An unidentified member of the train crew freight train was delayed here today when it was quoted as saying, "I don't know what all struck and killed one of the denizens who the hubnub's about. It's just a bug." reside along the right-of-way. Nothing is known about the victim other than that it was observed chewing on the scenery shortly before carelessly attempting to cross the track. 4 - Left. a bundle of dyed gypsophila as The train's engineer told this reponer, "I it comes out of the bag before the seeds don't know how it happened. They usually are pulled off. Upper center shows hack­ crawl off the track, or flyaway in plenty of berry tree twigs and gypsophila before time." On hearing of the incident, the rail­ being combined. lower center, a golden­ road's brass hat inslrUcted the crew to make a rod blossom picked in November after its written report and planned an official inquiry. yellow fiber clusters turned tan. To its "All accidents involving loss of any form of right. some of the branches of this gold­ life must be reporLed, and fully investigated," enrod have been cut out. and others bent to a horizontal position. he said.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 57 April 1993 Model Railroading • sa DIESEL DETAIL CLOSE-UP: ber is a check code digit used by Southern's computers. Only Southern and Norfolk & West­ ern (N& W) had high short-hood 5045s. These Southern Railway (SR) EMD SD45 units are run long-hood forward as this is con­ HO Scale Models by Athearn and Rail Power Products {shell only} sidered the front of the 10comotive. When the two roads merged to become Norfolk Southern N Scale Model by Con-Cor or Model Power (NS), the SD45s were renumbered into a com ­ by Rich Picariello mon NS numbering scheme. Photos from the author's collection The Scale Model 5D45: Athearn has had an SD45 in their HO locomotive line for many years and although the motor and the trucks have been improved. the body shell is still wider The Prototype 5D45: The 5045 was intro­ buill. Overall length is 65' 9"; the truck wheel­ than scale. Rail Power Products has an SD45 duced by EMO in 1965. The SD45 has 3,600 hp base is 40'. body shell in their line that features scale-width and rides on two six-wheel flexicoil trucks. Pro­ Southern's SD45s were numbered from 3154 hoods. Separate detail parts arc induded in the duction ended in 1971, with 1.260 units being to 3169; the smalllcltcr following the road nwn- RPP package, but handrails arc not included. A

Southern Railway SD45

Detail Parts tor HO Scale: 21 -DA2217 Grabirons, curved 1.5013 I-DWI39 Air filter 1.00/2 22 -SV42 Handrail set 13.95/ea. 2 -DAl601 Air horn 1.75/2 Note: Optional if using an Athearn SD45 shell; must usc DW17S Air hom (brass) 2.50/ca. for the RPP shell. Note: No. 3160 needs two air horns. 23 -DA1l7 Headlights .70/2 3 - DA3201 Air tanks (optional) 2.25/2 PSC3922 Headlights 1.50/2 4 -CF1l3 Antenna 3.09/2 24 -MV22 Headlight lenses 1.10/4 DW1S7 Antenna 1.50/6 2S - CCllOI High short hood 6.95/c •. 5 -DWI35 Bell, long hood mount 1.50/2 26 -DA6206 Hose, air line 1.25/6 6 -RPP Body shcU, SD45 14.00/,•. 27 -CCI304 Inertial fi.lter* 2.50/4 7 -DW179 Brake wheel" 1.00/2 28 -DA2206 Lift rings 3.00136 8 -CCIS02 Cab, 35 Line (optionaJ) 5.95/,•. 29 - DAlS05 MUbox 1.25/2 9 -PSC48348 Chain 2.75/10" 30 -CF2S7 MU hoses, 3 per bracket (brass) N/A 10 - DAI019 Classification lights" 1.25/8 DAlS08 MU hoses (delrin) 2.00/16 11 -DA2205 Coupler lift bar 2.75/10 OM93SO MU hoses, 3 per bracket (brass) 6.75/4 OM91SO Coupler lift bar 1.75/2 31 - CF258 MU hoses, 4 per bracket (brass) N/A 12 - DAI402 Drop step 1.50/2 DA1S08 MU hoses (delrin) 2.00/16 13 - DWI07 Electrical filter cabinet wilh d/b vent .75/sel OM93S1 MU hoses, 4 per bracket (brass) 6.75/4 14 - PSC3978 Exhaust stack '" 1.50/ea. 32 - DA271S Radiator grille'" 1.25/2 15 - DA2003 Fan, dynamic brake'" 2.75/4 33 - DA3001 Sand-fill hatch 1.25/6 DWI44 Fan, dynamic brakc'" 1.25/3 OM9400 Sand-fill hatch (brass) 2.50/2 16 -DA2004 Fan. radiator* 2.75/4 34 -CFI96 Specd recorder (brass) 4.39/4 17 -DW143 Fan, radiator/dynamic brake .70/2 DA2S07 Speed recorder (delrin) 1.50/4 PSC3992 Fan, radiator/dynamic brake 2.25/4 35 -CS382 Sunshade (brass) 2.45/2 Note: This fan replaces thc flat-lop fans normally 36 - CFII2 Undcrframe/walkway light (brass) 2.95/2 found at these locations. DWI72 Underframe/walkway light (metaJ) 1.25/8 18 - DWI66 Fuel fillcr (metal) 1.00/4 OM9708 Underframe/walkway light (brass) 6.55/6 PSC390SO Fuel filler (plastic) 1.50/4 37 -AL29200 Windshield wipers (delrin) 1.75/8 19 - CF226 Fuel sight glass (brass) 2.09/2 CS419 Windshield wipers (brass) 3.50/4 OM92SO Fuel sight glass (brass) 3.00/ea. PSC3968 Windshield wipers (plastic) 1.50/4 PSC39011 Fuel sight glass (plastic) 1.50/2 UP94 Windshield wipers (brass) 2.00/4 20 -DA2202 Grabirons 2.50/48 UP97 Windshield wipers (plastic) 1.50/4

Note: The following part must be fabricated by the modeler: A - Brake-cylinder air line - simulate with brass wire . .. Similar parts, either separate or molded on, are included with the RPP shcll; replacement of any or aU original parts is left to the discretion of the modeler.

AU A-Lin~/Proto Power West DA, Detail Associates PSC, Precision Scale Company UP: Utah Pacific PPW, P.O. Box 7916 Box 5357 3961 Hwy. 93 North Div. of Tomar Industries La Verne, CA 91750 San Luis Obispo, CA 93403 Stevensville, MT 59870 9520 E. Napier Avenue Benton Harbor, MI 49022 CS, Cal-Scale DW, Detail.r West RPP, Rail Power Products 21 Howard Street P.O. Box 5132 P.O. Box 153 Moootoursville. PA 17754 Hacienda Heights, CA 91745 Sandy, UT 84092 Note: These detail parts may be. avail­ MV, CC, Cannon and Company MV Products able at your local hobby dealers, so try 310 Willow Heights P.O. Box 6622 SV, Smokey Valley Railroad and them first.lf you must order directly Aptos. CA 95003 Orange, CA 92667 Machine Co. from a manufacturer, include atlcast CF, Custom Finishing OM, O~erumd Model.r Inc. Div. of Quality-Wright Corp. $3.50 for postage and handling. You 379 Tully Road 5908 W. Kilgore Avenue. P.O. Box 32 must purchase the full quantities as Orang'. MA 01364 Muncie, IN 47304 Dublin. all 43017 shown in the detail parts list.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 59 Proto Power West or an Overland chassis will fit with a wide imitation-aluminum (light gray) Decals: the RPP shell perfectly. Proto Power West uses band trimmed by a deluxe gold stripe. The pilol HO Scale: tuned Athearn drive components and trucks and faces have white herringbone stripes. Handrails Champion EH-226 a weighted Athearn frame. Overland's chassis are black with yellow at the step areas. Yellow is Herald King L-90 has a cast-metal fTame with sprung brass trucks also used on the step edges. Microscale decal Microscale utilizing the same drive components as those selS 87-539 (HO)/60-539 (N) have the pilol 87 -539 (Road-name sell used in Lheir brass-locomotive line. Both have stripes included. Microscale sets 87-540 (HO)! 87 -540 (Body-stripe sell can motors and come fully assembled. If an 60-540 (N) contain only the imitation aluminum Vimex 1461 (S045 pilol-stripe sell Athearn SD45 complete chassis is to be used body striping; both the early gold and the peSl- N Scale: with the RPP S045 shell, the frame will need lO 1970 deluxe gold stripe versions are in this set. Microscale have material removed by filing or grinding in This set could also be used with any of the other 60-539 (Road-name sell order for it to fit into the scale-width shell. road-name sets in the decal list. The Virnex set 60-540 (Body-stripe sell Instructions for modifying the fTame are included contains only pilot sLripes that are designed to fit in the RPP shell package. the SD45 with little or no Lrimming required and Paints: N scale modelers can use the Con-Cor or can be used to supplement the Champ and Her­ Accu-nex: Model Power SD45. The short hood would have ald King decal sets. 16-01 Engine Black to be scratchbuilt or the short high hood from a If you desire to paint the imitation-aluminum Accupaint: Baclunann GP50 could be cUl off lo replace the body stripe, use the lightest gray available from 1 Stencil Black low hood on the S045. your selected paint line. The gray may still have Floquil: to be lightened further with white to match the lIOOIO Engine Black Paint and Decal Notes: Southern freight loco­ photos. Deluxe gold striping is available from Scalecoat: motives in the early '70s were painted black most decal manufacturers. 10 Black .1

many of the trees wi1l be almost impossible to photograph, and will not show up weB on the Smart Trees layout until their trunks arc highlighted. Dip the tip of a small, stiff brush into ivory or light gray, (Continued from page 57.) and wipe most of it off. Very lightly and with lit­ tle pressure, dab at the trunks randomly until they make good tree (rames - sometimes one of Although I did get a few models that were pass­ some of the paint has transferred. For variety, them will make a complete hardwood tree with able, most of them looked as odd as a chrome­ make irregular vertical streaks on others just hit­ nothing further to do except glue on ground plated locomotive. I decided I'd have to make a ting lhe high spots. foam for leaves. Some model railroaders here in true model, one with individual leaves on indi­ Now is the time to draw in bark detail on the Alabama make wonderful trees by adding vidual limbs. Il was then I bought dyed gyp­ trunks of those trees that will be located at the ground foam to wild oak leaf hydrangea blos­ sophila (baby's breath) al Walmarl's flower crafl fronl of the layout. A few venicallines drawn in soms. All you need is a small plant or shrub clip­ department. With its numerous tiny branches with an ultra-fine felt-tipped pen will work won­ ping that divides into several branches. Unless this dried plant is perfect for making miniatures, ders on models only inches away from your you live at the North Pole, a walk through an and is available at stores that sell nower craft eyes. At this distance, say a hundred or so scale overgrown field or along the ditch beside a dirt and flower arranging supplies. feet, we expect to see bark detail and shadow road will usually result in your finding some­ Snip off the branched tips into I" and 2" lines that we couldn't make out on more distant thing to use as the basis of a model tree. lengths, then pull the seeds off by rolling them trees behind the tracks. After you select a twig for your tree Lrunk, between your fingers. Dip each tip into contact The leafing process for summer trees goes as mark the spots where you want main branches. cement and place each on the Lree frame until it quickly as I can talk about it. Spray the branches Dab a small gob of fast-drying contact cement on assumes the shape of a prototype. You did go out­ with hair spray, taking care not to get it on the the marked spot, position the end of the twig to be side earlier and look at real trees, didn't you? trunk, and sprinkle on finc or medium ground glued on, waiL a minute for it to dry and stick Spray the whole model with gray primer. To get foam. When the foam stops SLicking, spray the them together. Walthers Goo· or Duro Contact the final color, go over the gray with a can of whole works again and sprinkle morc foam on. Cemen~ work well for this. Because of its small black or brown spray, depending on whether you Do this several times unlil the foliage has the surface arca there's not much strength to the want a brown-gray or blackish-gray bark color. desired shape and thickness. The idea is to cover bond, butlhere's no real need for strength as our At any rale, spray through a piece of window the small branches with as little ground foam as trees generally don't get up and move around screening to break the spray up into small possible so you can see through the ouler mass once they're planted. However, anyone making droplets; that prevents the tree from taking on a of leaves to the inner ones. You also want some scenery for a module that's constantly being too uniform coating of color. Hold the screening of the dyed gypsophila branches showing moved would want to drill or punch holes where several inches in front of lhe spray nozzle, and through the Jeaves. This is why we sprinkle the twigs are to be joined to ensure a strong joint. very lightly go over the bark until it looks like the foam on instead of dipping the tree into it. If you When you press the twigs together some of the trees around you in your yard: gray or brownish sprinkle it with your fingertips, it's easier to con­ glue will ooze out. Take a looilipick and smear it gray fTom a distance, as you get closer each one is trol the application, and avoid ending up with a around into a collet or concave surface around the seen to be a monied combination of gray, black, soggy, solid-looking mass. We want to preserve outside of the joint. This will make it stronger and brown and white with no regular pattern. the built-from-lhe-inside-out appearance since improve its looks by giving the branch a rounded I colored the winter beech tree shown in photo we wenllo the trouble to do it that way. surface where it grows out of the trunk. 2 by spraying it with ivory, and drawing in lines I covered a hillside with short grass and Bru­ You can make half a dozen basic tree frames on the bark with a fine-point felt-tipped pcn. ton's snufT to represent fallen leaves, and with a of various sizes and shapes in less than 30 min ­ Before we put the leaves on the summer trees threaded screw awl, made enough holes to hold utes, and now comes the most satisfying part - let's highlight the trunks on those that need it. half the trecs. I glued them in putting the small­ putting on small, fine branches until the frame Because we spray-painted it outside in sunlight, est ones at the top of the hill to imply distance. I looks like a tree. At this point, I used to stretch some of the bark color turned out to be too dark then wedged the remaining models into open polyester fibers over the branches. sprinkle on when we looked at it under the layout lighting, spaces between the glued-in ones. Just a visual ground foam for leaves, and hope the result didn't it? Bark color will be darker still when deception and a shortcut, but of course you would look something like a full-size trec. iI'S shadowed by leaves. For these reasons, don't have to point it out to anyone. 1

60 • Model Railroading April '1993 Computer Applications in Model Railroading

TrainMaster and more by Larry Puckett SWITCHER Subroutines

T ast month I gave you a glimpse of Train Simu­ to pick up speed it's easy to become completely The program also provides several optional .l...J lator; this month I'll tell you about a sim­ absorbed in operating the train - keeping the printouts: 1) a track file description; 2) a sum­ ilar program, TrainMaster, that has generated a speed within the set limit, blowing the horn at mary of the simulation; and 3) inteIDlediate sta­ lot of interest over the past six months. Unlike crossings, adjusting the dynamics on grades tion results. The first print option lists all the Train Simulator, which provides a perspective and most of all keeping a watchful eye on those information about grade, stations, speed restric­ view from the locomotive cab, TrainMaster pro­ signals. tions, etc., in the track fIle. The swrunary report vides a profile view of the train as if you were Signals are the most difficult part of the simu­ gives you such items as the total fuel consumed. standing in a field watching it Toll by. The up~r lation to get used to but also add the most chal­ average speed and fuel consumption rate, num­ half of the screen is the graphic showing the lenge. First of all, there are three possible types ber of penalties, amount of overspced operation train, stations, speed boards, crossings, whistle of signals: 1) color spotlight, which gives the and percent of time in each throttle position. posts and, most importantly, signals. The train traditional red, green and yellow indications; 2) The inteIDlcdiate station reJX>rt gives the name always moves across the screen from left to the color-position system used on the B&O; and of each station passed, speed limit and actual right. The distribution disk contains six types of 3) the color-position system used on the Penn­ speed, momentary acceleration and throttle set­ trains and five track profiles, with 49 more track sylvania Railroad and now used by Conrail and ting and braking infonnation. These reports can profiles available on eight optional disks. Amtrak.. The challenge comes in trying to stop a be used to improve your performance over a To begin a simulation you select the track train when one of the yellow warning signals given track profile. profile, type of signals and type of train, then turns red! Especially if you've finally cranked Although Robert Leilich, the developer of you can make changes to the default start-up the Metroliner up to 125 mph and are racing TrainMaster. encouraged me to point out that conditions, such as starting speed, screen and downgrade! I still haven't made it all the way the program was not designed as either a game locomotive colors, etc. When the simulation from Washington to New York without rUJUling or model-railroad-related program, it rales right screen comes up, it is split in half. The upper a red signal. Running a red signal or exceeding up there with the other railroad simulators I've half contains the graphic showing the train and the posted speed by more than a couple of miles tried. Like Train Simulator, the program is terrain, while the lower half displays digital list­ per hour will put you out of service and end the designed for use in training railroad employees iogs of the brake pressures, speed, speed limit, simulation. Of course nursing a coal drag into and has even been used in at least one court case acceleration rate, braking, fuel consumption and Corbin on the old L&N can be just as much a to simulate an accident and prove that a wreck throttle setting. All controls are activated from challenge - even with four S040-2s it's hard to was not due to human error. the keyboard. For example the FI key reduces stop 70 loaded hoppers once they pick up a little Both eGA and EGNVGA versions of Train­ the throttle setting whereas the F2 key advances momentum. Master are available, and take up so little space it. You can use the dynamic brakes, apply sand Another added feature that comes with the that they can be run from either the hard disk or and blow the hom at crossings. track profiles is passenger train schedules, based a floppy. A minimum of 256K of RAM is Once the brake cylinder pressure is reduced on Amtrak's April 1986 schedules. Using these required along wi th DOS 2.1. To get started to 0 and the pipe and equalizer pressures are you can include the added dimension of stopping faster there is a two-page instruction sheet just pumped up to 90 psi (110 psi for passenger at designated stations for passengers. By the way, for those who don't read manuals! trains), it's time to crack open the throttle­ this also makes it easier to stay within the speed The price for TrainMaster is a little steep slowly - starting up too fast causes wheel slip limits since il'S harder to get up to full speed compared to the other programs of this type I've and requires application of sand. As you begin when you're constantly stopping and starting. reviewed, but you get a lot more for the money.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 61 Over 1,000 copies of the program have been sold with only five returns. TrainMaster is avail­ able for $59.95 in eGA and $79.95 in EGA! Conrail's B40-8 "Safety Boats" VGA, plus $3.50 shipping and handling, from (CorUinued from page 25.) Corporate Strategies, Inc., 5415-A Backlick Road, Springfield, VA 22151. Additionallrack disks are available for $20.00 each. snowplOW. Cut the excess length off the grab· Now for the rating: Figure 1 - Coupler mount irons before you attach them to the LOp of the Documentation 5 modification. plow. Then paint the snowplow black (the grab­ User Friendly 4 irons will be white) and set it aside to dry. The Technical 4 couplcr 1ift bar is now installed, and the holes for Application 4 ENDOF FRAME the MU hoses and the main air hose are drilled, Value 4 CUT HERE TO REMOVE but do not actuaUy install the hoses at this time. Level 2-5 BOTH SIDES OF 0 Now glue the cab to the body and drill th e COUPLER MOUNT I SWITCHER t holes for the handrail stanchions; the locations I are identified with dimples on the Rail Power Last month I gave you the last of the code for ) I I Products shell. The fireman's side is probably the Enter/Edit Siding and the Enter/Edit Car I BOTTOM I VIEW the best place to start as it's the easiest handrail Types subroutines for SWITCHER 5.0. This I I to form. Then do the engineer's side, but note month I have the new lines of code that will I I that the first and third stanchions from the rear I allow you to selectively print listings of car data , ---- of the cab must be modified (sec Figure 5). and car orders. You may then use these listings DRilL~ #50 DRILL The stanchion locations on the ends are to selcct which cars or car orders you want to TAP 2·56 marked with nibs, which must be sanded delcte and then delete them using menu options smooth. Now modify your stanchions according <6> Delete Car Orders and <7> Delete Car to Figure 6. Begin the installation at the center Data. To add these options to SWITCHER, sim­ (according to kit instructions) for the Details and work outward. As each stanchion is placed ply type in the lines of code using GWBASIC West #155 snowplow but do NOT install the against the anticlimber. a #78 hole is drilled and save the modified "SETUP.BAS" file. Make plow yet. This is a good time to install Detail through the stanchion. As the stanchions, with sure that you're making your changes to the Associates #2202 grabirons on each side of the their pre-drilled holes, are placed in lum against original distribution copy of Ihe program, olher­ wise the lines of code wil1 not be properly merged into the program. ] have written these output routines to print to a printer since in most cases there will be too many to try LO work with on a screen. If you decide to print a listing of either of these files make sure your printer is turned on first. 931 YE$.'N' 9321NPUT '00 YOU WANT A CAR DATA LISTING (YIN)?"; YE$ 10151F YE$.-y' GOTO 1019 ELSE GOTO 1016 10161F YE$_Y GOTO 1019 ELSE GOTO 1020 1019 LPRINT"CAR'.I. L$(J.1.M) 1951 YE$.'N' 19521NPUT ~OO YOU WANT A CAR ORDER LISTING (YIN)?"; YE$ 2001 IF YE$.-y' GOTO 2005 ELSE GOTO 2002 2002 IF YE$_Y GOTO 2005 ELSE GOTO 2010 2005 LPRINT 'CAR ORDER', I, ORD$(I) Finally, I noticed a couple of typographical errors in the February listing. In line 1299 GOSUP should be GOSUB and in line 1327 replace Ihe hyphen before YES with a space. That's all for this session. Until next time, stay on the right track and don't run out of steam. Send your comments, questions and pro­ grams to; Larry Puckett, 9618 Dublin Dr., Man, assas, VA 22110. For thosc of you on Compu­ Serve my userid is 71064,22 - feel free to leave me a message. If you submit a public domain or shareware program for review in this column please indicate whether or not you are willing to provide copies for interested readers and the conditions for that exchange. ~

Sortware Producers: If you would like Model Railroading to review your software in this col­ umn, please send the software and any promotional material to the above address. Any materials received will be considered as gratis, unless other­ Note the roof details. Two,by,four strip styrene was used to form the base of the roof, wise specified. Thank you. mounted grab and the EOT device.

So:: • Model Railroading April 1993 Figure 2 - Placement of detail parts on fuel tank. Figure 3 - Sight glass modification.

OW 149 PSC 39fl11 SIGHT GLASS OW 149 GS 431 ,,------, FRONT OF i dERE ENGINE PSG , flAN D DISCARD I THIS SECTION 39011 I ' OW 149 GS 431 OW149 (/) r~ - 18" I-- I -i 18" _0:: +! SAN D FLAT AN D USE REAR OF I---- 4' 0" ---l 1-"2' 0"- tl:l~ THIS SECTI ON ON FUEL TANK ENGINE PSG ~Ci5 39011 \i1 w dows marketed by Run 8. A little background is in order here, perhaps. I wanted to try Run 8's SIDE VIEW OF FUEL TANK products in order to give a "nush-mounled" appearance 10 the window glass, particularly with respccllo the windshield wipers. I'm trul y the antic limber, each hole is extended into the G E-EMD Late 1980s Locomotive Data & pl eased with the effect and urge other modelers anticlimbcr, and a "pin" made of .015 brass wire Builder's Plates. The dynamic-brake grids behind to try Lhe Run 8 products. The A-Line #29200 is inserted to hold (wiLh ACC) the stanchion in the cab on the fIreman's side arc outlined in sil- windshield wipers can now be added 10 the cab. place. The excess wire is removed after the vcr; I used Herald King Silver Stripes to achieve Now replace the body on the chassis and cement has dried. this effect. I wanted the 5074 to look newer, so J install the Kadee #5 couplers wilh 2-56 by LAI'I then sprayed the entire engine with a SO/50 mix- screws. A final departure from traditional prac- Time for tho. Paint Shop ture ofTestor's Dullcote and Glosscote. ti ce is the installation of ordinary blaek sewing [used Testor's #2715 French Blue, which is a Now is the time for weathering, but some thread to represent the hand-brake chain, whi ch good approximation for Conrail's recently- restraint might be in order. On balance, most of I anchored to an eyebolt drilled into the end of acquired locomotives. The ends of the pilots Conrail's "Safety Boats" are relatively clean. the lever. The opposite end is anchored to an must be painted black, while the exhaust stack is The safest way to go is always to model a spc- eyebolt placed between the jaCking pad and the sprayed silver. cific unit based upon prototype photography. chain Lube. Be certain to leave enough slack in Decals are Microscale #87-614 Conrail OE Finally we'll add the MU hoses. the snow- the thread to provide for necessary truck Locomotives along with Microscale #87-527 plow and then the main air hose. I used the win- swing. I like Lhe effect, as I believe thi s thread Note the reinforcement under the grabiron on the cab roof and Conrail's distinctive "labor/Management Project" logo. Figure 4 - Cab-roof detail placement.

FRONT OF CAB ROOF DA6210 3" " /'GRABIRON in ~ , 6" 2' 6"m

Figure 5 - Stanchion modification.

SIDE VI EW is much closer to correct size than traditional ConSlruction is complete, and YOUT Conrail HO scale chain material. "Safety Boat" is now ready for road service. ~

Bill of Materials Manufacturer Part No. Description Rail Power Products B40-8 Kit Dummy body and frame DRILL #78 DRILL Athearn 3400 Series Powered B-boat (trucks and motor) !:/ 40015 Spline Detail Associates 1003 Headlight 1202 BeB 1403 Drop steps ~ DISCARD 1508 MU hoses DRILL #78 ON WALK WAY 1709 Class lights FOR STANCHION #1 AND #3 AND PIN TO WA LKWAY. 1803 Sinclair antenna 2202 Drop-type grabirons 2206 Eyebolts 2504 .012 Brass wire 2505 .015 Brass wire 2808 S peed recorder Anticlimber stanchion Figure 6 - 6210 Straight grabirons modification. Details Wesl 139 Air filler set 149 Fuel filler 155 Snowplow 179 EMD/GE brake wheel 190 Hom SIDE VIE W 196 Spare coupler TeSlor's 2715 French Blue Cal-Scale 276 Air hoses and angle cocks 431 Fuel filler PSC 39011 Fucl sight glass Utah Pacific 87 GE handrails .0 15 BRASS WIRE MV Lenses 220 Red lens DRILL #7\ \ I A-Line 29200 Windshield wipers Run-8 1860 Windows ;r===L: Evergreen Scale Models HO scale I x8 CUT TO ./ ~ DRILL #78 DRILL 8108 LENGTH ~ ANTICL IMBER 8204 HO scale 2x4 lJ--DISCARD Overland Models 9152 Lift bars DRILL AND PIN STAN CHION Mieroscale 87-527 GE-EMD late 19805 loco data and builder's plates TO AN TlCLIMBER 87-614 Conrail GE locomotives Herald King Silver slripes

64 • Model Railroading April '1993 Your trek plan for the weekend...

+ CALIFORNIA FL lAud,rJa", FL WichiJa,KS Los A",d,s, CA Event: Lauderdale Shoceline Model RR Club "Shoreline Event: Air Capital Train Show and Swap Meet Event: East Valley Lines N Scale Model RR Club Open Hoose '93" Spring Convention and Auction Date: April 24, 1993,9 AM t05 PM and April 25, 1993, Date: Every Satun:lay and Sunday. 11 AM \0 3 PM Date: April 22-25, 1993, Thun. 4 to 9 PM, all day Fri.,Sat. 12Noonto4PM Location: Traveltown, Griffilh Park &SWl. Location: Century n Exhibition Hall, Wichita Admission: Free Location : Crown Sterling Suites, 1-95, Ft. Lauderdale Admission: S6l2days, S4/1 day 111 the door and $5 pre­ Inronnatlon: Lowell Majors, E. V.L, P.O. Box 5732, Admission: Regis. $23 until Jan. 15, 1993, thereafter $28, registration both days GI",d~e , CA 91301, (213) 662-2311 banque< S21 Infonnation: John Deck, P.O. Box 20964, Wichita, KS 61208, (316) 263-0944 POMONl,CA Information: Mark "'Fuzzy" Shafer, Registrar,7033 l1all Bl,d., Lo.uJaIcl>ee, FL 33470, (407) 190-1962 Event: POOlOfl!. Valley Model RR Club HOIHOnJ Swap + MASSACHUSEITS Moet and Open House FL lAud,rJa", FL Boiton,MA Date: April 20, 1993,swap meet 8 AM to 12 PM, open house Event: Lauderdale Shoreline Model RR Club Swap Mccl Event: Nashua Valley RR Assoc. Railfair '93 9:30 AM '0 5:30 PM Date: April 25, 1993, nooo to 6 PM Dale: April1A-25, 1993,9 AM '04 PM Location: 132 E. 1st St, Pomona Location: Crown Sterling Suites, 1-95al Cypress Creek Rd. Location: Emersoo School, 692 Main St., Route 117 , Bolton Admission: F= Admission: $3 at the door Admission: Each day: Adults $3, children Wlder 12 5~ Information: Qub phoneh'ecordcd message Clt4) 865-7035 lnrormatlon: Richard Azwell, 5131 SW 87 Ave.,Ft Infonnalion: Jcffrey MarTO'oY, 1M Brookline Stred, So p,tiro, CA I..ud"d.l~ FL 33328, (401) 434-6538 Pepperell, MA 01463, (508)433-8564 "". Event: Bclmool Sha-e Model RR Club 22nd Anniversary SarasollJ, FL Boiton,MA Open House Eveot: Sarasota Model RR Oub Train Show Event: Nashua Valley RR Assoc. Annual Open 1I011~e Dale: May 15 & 16, 1993, 9:30AM 10 5 PM Date: April 30, May 1-2, 1993, mall hours Date: April24-25,1993, 10 AM 10 4 PM Location: Bldg. 824, Angels Gale Park, comer of361h and Location: Gulf Gate Mall, comer U.S. 41 & Stickrey Point Rd Location: Club Quaners, Route 85, Bolton Gaffey S.. Information: Don Freeman, 4821 Palm Aire Dr., Sarasota, Admission: Each day: Adults S3,children Wlder 12 5()q: Admission: $1 dooatioo FL34243, (813) 355-8948 Information: Jcffrey Marrow, 18A Brookline StrCCl, lnlonnallon: George (818) 848-(](]()9 or rTed (310) 377-4091 Pepperell, MA 01463, (508)433-8564 "'''. SlJ,. Ditgo, CA Taf/Qluustt, FL Event: Big Bend Model RR Assoc. , Inc., Trainfesl '93 CapeCod,MA Event: San Diego Model RR Museum Swap Meet Event: Cape Cod Model RR Oub's 25th Anniversary Train Dale: May I, 1993,8 AM 10 12 Nooo Date: July 31-August I, 1993, 10 AM to 6PM Location: Elks Club, 276 North Magnolia Dr. Show and Open House Location: Casa de Balboa, Balboa Park, 1649 EI Prado Date: May 16, 1993, lOAM t04 PM Admission: Adults S2 Admission: Adults Sl, children 12 and Wlder free lnformatlon: Trainfest '93, Big Bend Model Railroad Location: Cape Cod Community Collcge Gym, off Roule InfonnaUon: Barbara Rovenger, 1649 EI Prado, San Diego, 132 in West Barnstable CA 92101, (619) 69&-U199 Assoc., Inc., P.O_ Box 3392, Tall.,,-=,, FL 32315-3392 or John Sullo:nberger (9()t) 562-5131 (ai,,, 6:30 PM E1) Admission: Adults $2, children Wlder 12 and senioo SI, Sail Ditgo, CA family max. S5 Evenl: San ~iego ModeJ RR Mll~eum Operating + ILLINOIS Information: Bruce Erickson, P.O. Box 543, Wesl ExhihitlShO'oY Cltauworlh,/L Bamslable, MA 02668, (508) 226-8211 aI'er4:30 PM Dale: April, May and Jun~ 1993, Wed.-Fri. 11 AM 10 4 PM; Event: OLalSWorth Heritage Days Sat. and Sun. 11 AM to 5 PM Date: July 24 & 25, 1993, Sat. IOAMt06 PM,Sun. lOAM + MICHIGAN location: Casa dcBalboa, Balboa Park, 1649 EI Prado t04PM DttJrborniDdroiJ, MI Admission: Adults $2, children free Loation: American Legion Hall Event: TrlIincnma Exl1a Model RRlRailroadiana Flea Market lnfonnaHo n: Barbara Rovenger, 1649 El Prado, San Diego, Admission : Free Date: May 2, 1993, lOAM 104PM CA 92101, (619) 696-0199 Information: Wm. or Judith Faehse, Chatsworth Div./ Location: U ofM Dearbm1 Field Housc,4901 Evergreen Rd. Admission: Adults $3,childrcn under 12 free w/adu lt TP&W Hi" Soc., Cha~wmh,IL60921 TwIart, CA Infonnation: Steve Johnson, P.O. Box 40225, Redford, MI Event: PacifIC Coast Reg. Daylight Div. NMRA Spring Meet Frttporl,IL 48240, (313) 565-1021 Date: May 8, 1993, lOAM to 4 PM Event: Stephenson Society of Model Trairunen Open House Gnu" Rapids, MI location: MIsonic Lodge. 512 W. TuiareSt. Date: April 17-18, 1993 Admission: Members $2, non·members S3 Event: Grand Rapids Model RR Oub "Trains 00 thc MaU" location: Society Building, 600 Fever River Place Show and Sale InfonnaUon: Brewster Bird, 3920 W. Meadow, Visalia, CA Admission: $1 93211, (209) 132-6096 Date: April 18, 1993, 12 Noon 105 PM Information : Jim KanlOl', 848 W. Stephenson St., Frecpon, Location: Eastbrook Mall,28th St. and the East Bchline IL 61032, (815) 232-6431 + COLORADO Admission: Free Dtlmr. CO Ptoria,lL Information: Mark Baldwin, 625 3 Mile Rd. NE, Grand Event: Rocky Mtn. Region Spring Coovenlion, Zephyr '93 Event: Illinois Valley &. River City RR Club Peoria Train r-air Rapids, Ml49505, (616) ~3-1695 Date: JWlC 4-6, 1993 Date: April 18,1993, II AM 103 PM SagiTUJw, MI Location: Holiday Inn North, 1-25 & 1-70 Location: Illinois Central College, Rt. 116 and RI. 24 Event: 12th AMual Model Train Show and flea Market Infonnallon: Rich and Ava Coleman, P.O. Bo:\ 565, Admission: Adults $2, children under 13 free Date: April 18, 1993 , 10 AM \04 PM Broomfield, CO 80038, (303) 480-9321 Information: Bob Lehman , 21 W. Rutledge, Banonville, It Location: Knights of Columbus Hall, 2280 Williamsoo Rd. 61601, (309) 691-3012 + CONNECfICur Admission : Adults S2, childrcnlseniors SI.50, Wlda 12 free East Wiwor, CT Information: Richard Bauer, 721 Stephens St., Saginaw, MI Whtalon, lL 48602, (511) 199-9292 Event: Nutmeg Division NMRA, Annual Train ShO'oY Event: Great Midwest Train Show D,Ie: Apri118, 1993,10 AM 10 4 PM Date: April 4, May 2, JWle6, August 8, September 12, + MINNESOTA Location: Windsor Coon Hotel, Exit 41 (Center St. Exit) off October 10, Novanber 14 and Decanber 12, 1993, lOAM to St. Paul, !tiN 1-91, midway between Hanford and Springfield 4PM Event: J-1cnnqlin Overland Model RR Club Open House Admission: Adults$3 , children SI, sr. citizens $2, family S6 Location: DuPage Cty. Fairgrounds, County Fann Rd. & Date: April 17-18, 1993, Sat. 10 AM to 5 PM, SWl. 1105 PM Infonnalion: SSAE to Joe Sokol, 213 Regan Roed M12, Manchester Location: 458 Le:\ington Parkway V"""" cr 06066 Admission: Adults $4, under 12 free w/adult Admission: r1'CC Information: GATS Ltd ., P.O. Box 1745, Lombard, IT. Information : HOMRC, 458 Lcxingloo Parkway, SI. Paul, FLORIDA + 60148, (108) 834-0653 MN, (612) 646-5438 BNJ4tttlOIl, FL Event: Sarllsota Model RR Club 6th Annual Great Southern + KANSAS + MISSOURI Model Train Show and Fica Market UIUXiJ,KS Springfitld, ItfD Date: June 38-20,1993, Fri. 3 to 9 PM, Sat. 10 AM to 5 PM, Event: Mid-Continent Region AMual Convention Event: 15th Annual Ozarks Area Model RR Meet SWl.l0AMI04PM Date: June 17, 18 & 19, 1993, 8 AM to 7 PM Dale: Apri117,1993 Loation: Bradentoo Municipal Audit, 100 10th St. West Location: Holiday Inn, 95th and 1-35 Hwy. Location: University P1a7..a. Trade Cenler, 625 SI. Louis St., Admission: Adults $3, Teens Sl, undO'" 12251- Admission: $25 Mid-ConI. member, $30 al the door Admission: Adults 55, children 6·12 SI , 5 and under free InfonnaUon: Otuck Place, 6810Whitman Place, Sarasota, Information: Peter Ellis, 8410 Hall, Lenexa, KS, (913) Information: Robert Vestal, 3&44 N. Old Buffalo Rd., FL 34243, (813) 756-1584 541-9261 (after 6 PM) Springfield, MO 65803, (411) 833-9094 (before 10 PM)

April 1993 Model Railroading • 65 Your trek plan for the weekend...

+ MONTANA BucYl1lS,OIl + TEXAS 1It1,,,,,,, Mf Evenl: Bucyrus Model RR Assoc_ Train Show & Swap Meet /lomlolC, TX Event: 13th Annual Helena Railroad Fair D.te: April 18, 1993, 10 AM t04 PM Event: MakeNTracks, 1993 National N Scale Model RR D.le: April 18, 1993 Location: Bucyrus High School, 900 W. Perry St. Cooventioo Loc.tion: Helena Civic Cmter Admission: Adults $2, children 12 and under free Dalc: June 23-27,1993, June 26,10 AM loS PM general Admission: $1, kids ID1der 12 f= Information: David E. Moore, 9345 C.R. 30, Galion, OH public InfonnaUon: Bob Solanon, 161 Fairv.ray Dr., Helena, MT 44833, (419) 462·5035 Localion: Mamou Astrodome HOlei 59601, (406) 442-6118 POrUlfloll1ll,OIl Admission: $45 registration for convention, general public adults $3, children6-12 SI Event: Greater Pmsmooth Area RR Festival LiMlIgstoll, Mf Inronnation: 1993 Convention, c/o N'Crowd, 2401 W. Date: April 24 & 25, 1993, Sat. 10 AM to 8 PM, SWl. lOAM Event: 3rd Livingstoo Railroad Swap Meet Bcllfon, 1i0000ton, TX 77054 or Ralph Roddy, (713) 877-7686 Date: April 17, 1993, 10 AM 104 PM t06PM (days) or (713) 493-6444 ("'"~g') LoCItiOh: Livingston Depot Center in !he Old N.P. Depot Location: Shawnee State Park Reson, 13 miles west of Admwlon: SI, kids W1da' 12 free Portsmouth on SUIte Route 125 Information: Cymhia Moses Nesmith, Livingston Depot Admission: Free + VIRGINIA Grafton, VA Center, Box 1319, Li,ingm"" MY 59047, (406) 222·2300 Information: John D. Huffman, Gliem Rd., Rt. 5, WiteelersbtIrJ:, OH 45694, (614) 574·2082 Event: Chesapeake Bay Railrooders Open House & Swap MCCl + NEVADA Date: Moy I, 1993, 10 AM to 5 PM "'" May 2, 1993 (Open Rla,NY + OREGON House only), 1 to 5 PM Event: Sima Silver Rails PCR '93 Porllarui, OR Location: 110-F DIlJ'C Rd. (Dare Rd. at US 11) Date: Moy 11·16, 1993 Event: NMRA Pacific Nathwest Regioo 2nd Division Admission: Open House Free, Swap Meet S2 Location: RenoHiltoo Annual Model RR Show Inronnation: Wilsoo Harrell, 936 Moyer Rd., Newport News, Admission: $45 Date: May 15,1993, 10 AM to 7 PM and May 16, 1993, VA 23185, (804) 877·7152 Informallon: Roger Johnson, 5801 Applegate Dr., Sun II AM t06 PM Portsmouth, VA Valley, NV 89433, (702) 673-6860 ar"" 5 PM Location : Mall 205 Shopping Ctr., 9900 SE Washingtoo SL Admission: Free Evenl: Norfolk and Western Historical Society 1993 Annulil + NEW JERSEY Information: Phil Maggs, 2925 SE 164lh Ave., Portland, OR Convention EIm_'" Pari<, NJ 97236, (503) 761·9527 Date: June 24-27, 1993 Ennt: Model Engineers RailrOBd Club Of Nonh Ja'SC}' 5th Location: Portsmoulh Waterfrootlloliday Inn Bi·Ann ual 0 Scale Only Meet + PENNSYLVANIA Information: Jerry Kay, 313 PloyCf Dr., Pmsmouth, VA Date: April 17, 1993,9 AM to I PM Clarlolt, PA 23704, (804) 397·1426 Location: Elmwood Parks Elk Club, 192 Market Street Event: Clarion Model RR Oub Flea Market Inronnat~n: Karl Geffchen, (201) 857·2825 before 10 PM Date: May 23, 1993, lOAM to 4 PM + WASHINGTON Location: Holiday Inn, Exit 9, 1·80 and PA 68 Everett, WA Mrrcluull,iJl,. NJ Admission: AdulLS $2.50, children $1, under 6 free Evcnt: NMRA Pacific Nonhwest Region Founh Div. Mini Event: 7m Armual Spring Train Meet for 0 Scale Only Information: Robert Hanle, RD I Box 70A,1ionesta, PA Meet and Rails Nonhwest '93 Rails Heritage Festival Date: April 24, 1993, lOAM 104 PM 16353, (814) 744·8065 or Tim Coorson, 1314 Eastwood Dr., Date: April 17 & 18, 1993, 10 AM t05 PM Location: Grace Episopal OiW'ch, Maple Ave. and Center St. ebri"" PA 16214, (814) 226·9337 Location: Forest Park Hall Admission: Adults $3 Admission : S2 dooatioo Information: Ollrles Jacobs, 100 Granl Ave., MOO"cstown, MottQC4, fA (nfonnation: Keith W. Lyoos, 20008 Welch Rd., Snohomish, [vent: Beaver ety. Model RR & IlistoricaJ Soc. Train Sale NJ 08057, (609)234·1898 WA 98290, (206) 486·3321 Date: April 18, 1993, II AM to4 PM WillslolII,NJ Location: PNA Club, 1725 Pennsylvania Ave. Ennt: Wmslow JunClioo Scale Train and Railroadiana Meet SeatJk. WA Admission: Adults $2.50, under 13 free Evcnt: Lake City Elks Model RR Show and Swap Meet Date: May 2, 1993, lOAM t03 PM Informal Ion: Jamie GitLS, 216 15th St., Monaca, PA 15061, Dale: May I & 2,1993,Sa1.11 AM t06PM,Sun.II AM to Location: Winslow Fire Hall, Hall & Hay SLS. (412) 775·mO/Clark McKim, (412) 843·3786 (mom. only) 5PM Admission: AdulLS $3, r'3mily $5 (ISO passes issued for a VaUty Forgt, PA Location: Lake City Elks Lodge, 14540 Bothell Way NE free ride in a caboose 00 lhe Southern Railroad ofNJ. Passes Admission: Adults $2, seniorsJ1dds under 6-12 SI issued only to advance registrations, $3 per person, no family Event: 1993 NMRA/NTRAKlNASG Natiooal Convention "Valley Forge Express" Infonnation: Ed Whitmore, P.O. Box 25615, Seattle, WA discoonL) 98125, (206) 745·0377 lnfonnallon: Bill Powell, 306 Broad St., WllliamslOwn, NJ Date: August 1-8,1993 08094, (609) n8·1327 till 9 PM Location: Valley Fa-ge Sheraton and CoovOltiOO Center Admission: Basic registntion S65, each addtional fami ly + CANADA + NEW YORK memberS5 Castlegar, Be FuAkUl, NY Informalion: Regisltar, Valley Forge Express, P.O. Box 457, Event: "Kootenay Express" PNR 7lh Division Interior Spring E"nt: OldeNewburgh Modcl RR Cl,b HO, 0, N Show Swoo"boro, NJ 08085, (609)467·1739 Meet Dale: May 15, 1993, 10 AM to 9 PM Date: April 9·11, 1993 location: Dutchess Mall, 1-84 Exit 13 south on Rtc 9 + SOUTH DAKOTA Localion: Sandman hm, Casllegar Admission: Free Aberdttlt,SD Infonnation: Mike Barooe, Box 1048, Fruitvale, BC, VOO Infonn.lion: In Steinberg, (914) 221-9345 after 6 PM Event: Sth Arumal James Valley Model RR Assn. Model ILO, (604) 367·6134 Train Show and Swap Meet Yollkt'n,NY Date: April 17, 1993, 10 AM to 5 PM and April 18, 1993, Saint John, NB Evenl: Yookers Model RR Qub 46lh Anniv. Open House 12 Noon to4PM Event: Maritime Federatioo of Model Railroaders Annual Date: April 24 & 25, 1993, noon to 4 PM Location: Aberdeen Recreational and Cultural Center, 401 Convttllion and Public Show Admission: Free N. Washingtoo S1. Dale: June 4-6, 1993 (Public Show JuneS) tnfonnalion: Frank Iannuzzi, 14 DeHaven Dr., Yookcs, NY Admission: Adults SI, childr01 under 12 free w/adult Location: Thistle-SI. Andrews Curling Club, 49 Duffcrin 107m, (914) 965-8084 or Owlie Licata, 88 Hyatt Ave., Information : Tom Bianchard, lOO7 9th Ave. NE, Aberdeen, Row Yonkers, NY 10704, (914) 237·0581 SD 57401, (605) 226·2139 Admission : Adults $3, children under 12 SI Information: Bob Boudreau, P.O. Box 7122, Station A, Saint + 01110 + TENNESSEE John, NB, Canada E2L4S5, (506) 672·2364 "os. B,,.., 011 Knoxville TN Event NMRA Mid-Central Region Division 4 Carnival of Event: 1993 NMRA Southeast Regioo Cooventioo "Smokey Lindsay, ON Model Railroading MoonUlin Railfest" Event: Lindsay and District Model Engineers Show Date: Odober 9 &. 10, 1993, Sat 10 AM t05 PM, Sun Date: May 28, 29 and 30, 1993, Hi 4 PM to 9 PM, Sat. Dale: April 17, 1993, 11 AM t05 PM and April 18, 1993, 12 IlAMt04PM 9 AM to 6 PM,SWl. II AMto5 PM Nooo to 4:30 PM Location: Cuyahoga Coonty Fairgroonds, 1-71 & Bagley Rd. Location: Knoxville Coovention and Exhibition iM:atM)ft: Victoria Park. Annory, 210 Kent SL, West lindsay Admission: Adults S3, children under 12 free w/ adult, S6 CenterIHoliday Inn Wa-Ids Fair, 525 Henley St. Admission: AdulLS $4,seniors S2, childrOl SI family max Admission: Adults S3, children under 12 free Information : Wayne Lamb, (105) 324-9865 or Eric Potter, (nronn.llon: Gary Sole, 22670 Westwood, Fairview Park, Information : Terry Adkins, P.O. Box 52913, Knoxville, (705) 328·3749, or c/o L&DME, Box 452, Lind"y, ON K9V 011 44126, (216) 779·8187 TN 37950 4S5, Canada

SS • Modol Railroading April 1993 MODEL RAILROADING'S DEALER DIRECTORY

WILMINGTON CONCORD !Nt BEJlNARDINO FOATCOLUNS CREST HILL BUSY BEE HOBBY SHOP MITCHELL'S, INC. IRON HORSE TRAINS HOSBYTOWH 2119 CONCORD PIKE WALT'S HOBBY SHOP ALABAMA 3494 CLAYTON RD. 461 W. HIGHLAND AVE . 2531 0 S. COLLEGE AVE. GEORGIA 1701 N. LARKIN AVE. 7IH86·2669 fAIRFAX SIIOPPING CENTER 94519 510·682-5775 .,,'" 0"" :lI3-2~4-5445 I_ 3(12-652-3258 ..135 815·W-0043

MOBILE CONCOR D SAN DiEGO GRAND JUNC1l0N ATllEN! J;AlXINSYIUE) DES PlAIH£S GM&O"RE81l" HOIIBIES RARA AVlS TRAIN S WEST COAST HOBBIES THE HOBBY HUT MEMOR STATION DES PLAI NES 1I0BBIES 820 AZAlEA ROAD S&5O-H IMHOFf mo CONVOY COURT 811 N. 12TH ST. POBOX" 14G4LEEST. 200·661·8196 510·68H66fi 92111 619-560·9636 Wi)1 lJ3.24H761 HIGHWAY ~ I SOUTH 60019 700-297-2118 "'" '''20 30077 700·769·8986 ctlSTAMESA SAN DIEGO GREElEY AUSTElL DOWHfRS GROVE TRAIN CROSSING THE WHISTLE STOP OC M'S HOBBIES HOIIBYTOWNUSA DOWNERS GROVE HOBBIES 11ll9C MKER ST. 3&34 4TH AVE . 815 10TH STREET flORIDA 3999AUSTEll RD., SUITE 701 6234 S. MAIN ST. 92626 714-5019-1596 619·295·7340 911631 1I3-353-3115 BRooKWOOO SOUARE 7111 ·900·5000 92"" 3txX1I . 04·941 -5611 600" EDWARDSVillE ESCONDIDO SAN fRANCISCO LAKEWOOD DAYTONA 8EACH CHAMBlEE DUNN TOYSANDHOBBIES TRACK II TRAINS SHORT UNES JUNCTION tMllWAYS·TRAINSARE US rolPAR HOBBIES GA NDY DANGeRS l111 N. MAIN ST. ARIZONA lIBEAST GRAND AVE . 200 fOlSOMAT MAIN llll S. WADSWORTH BLVD. 1545 BEACH ST. 5460 PEACHTREE RD. HOME OF PROTO-BED 619--489·5020 ~I," m ·9B2·2523 .,m llJ.98!H1XlI U MON-s4T CJ..OSEDSUN .04--451·m5 '20" 3201. 904-253-7691 '''''' '202' 618·6$·6109 SAN lU1S 081SPO SlLVERToH LAKaAND EUlIN FRESNO LAWS HOBBY CENTER TSARSKa: SELO PERKI NS COlUMBUS B & GTRAIN WORLD .'"ROY'S TRAIN WORLD FRESNO MODEL RAILROAD TOYS FOR BIG BOYS 1(03 S. roUNTRYCLUB DR. 855tMRSH 44 EAST 10TH 81411 HOBBIESICOLLECTIBLES 829 WAUiUT AVE. 744P. STREET 1K)5·54H51B PHONEifA'( llJ.3B7·5487 1117 S. fLORIDA A\t. 3443I1AMILlON ROAD 60120 700·888·26016 .202 602-S11--4353 93nl 200·266·2805 "<01 .04-327 -4546 3300' BI3-683-3251 31"" GAAIIEN GROVE """CLW WESTMINSTER LANTANA FRANKLIN PAR K 11JC"" MRRY'S TRAINS LAWRENCEVILU END OF TRACK HOBBIES ClASSIC HOBBIES TRAI NSHOP HOSBYTOWN THE DEPOT TRAI NWORKS • 65 EAST W!:TMORE 12951MAIN STREET 1829 PRUNERIOOE A~ . &975W.BBTHAVE. 603 RIDGE RO. 9706 FRANKUN A~ . 714-636·0540 251 F HURRICANE SHOALS RD. 7111-455·2510 602·293·2IXZ2 .'''0 ~()8·296·1050 93011 1I~31·04B2 33462 407·58H~2 .04·339·7780 60 131 '57" "'"HOURS: MOMRI 12~; 541 12-S JIll" HEMET STOCKTON MIAMI RIVERt:ilLE LA GRANGE DYNAMIC HOBBIES DELTA DEPOT ORANGE BLOSSOM HOBB ES RMRDAI£ STATION lA GRANGE H08BY CENTER INC. 5lJ1'I: E. FLDRIDAAVE. !'lI39 PACIFIC AVE. CONNECTICUT 1975 NW36TH ST. 6504 CHURCH ST., SUITE B 25 S. lAGRANGE RD. 92'43 714-925·9331 "'07 209-473-3410 33142 305-633-2521 JIll" 404·GGI ·6IlI5 600" 7111·354·1220 IRVIHE ORLANDO TORRANCE Bll.ANFORo SAVAHNAH MUJlOEl.ElN HOBBYTOWN USA SRANFOAO HOBBIES BIG KIDS WORLD (f TRAINS AllA8OARO MODEL RR BULLSTREET STATION RON 'SMUN DELEI NHOBBIES THE C!lOSSROAOS 609 BOSTON POST RD. 1039 NORTH MILlS AVE. ~31 Ii. LAKE ST. ARKANSAS 3850 BARRANCA PKWY. 3766 PACIFIC COAST Hm. FAXm·B9ol-4833 151 BUlLST. 213·791·2637 WEST '-'AIN 32003 31402 912·236--4344 60060 7111·949·8680 92714 714-733·1126 IX"'" 004" 21)3-.488-9865 40J.e94-.4Ba.4 LA MESA DANBURY ORLANDO MORMAl CONWAY REEDS HOBBY 1\JRLOCK .EFFREY Al..ANS MICKEY'S tNJDE l WORKS SQUARE ROUNOHOUSf DAHBURY HOBBY CENTER COLONIAL PHOTO & HOBaY INC. 8009 LA MESo'. SLVO. 366 MAIN ST . 634 H. MIUS ST. 701 TOWANDA 2);)5 WASHINGTON AVE. 91941 619-4S4·16n 1468 LANDER AVE. 61761 JIlI-454-7456 7203' 501--400·9.(23 """ 209·668-4454 C6Bl0 203-7U9052 32!lC3-4675 407·841-1485 WEWOOO ORLANDOM'lNrnl PARK PAlATI NE OARDENElU HOBBY WAREHOUSE VOOURA MANCHESTDI RIVER VALlfY HOBBIES FRIENDS RtGHT TRACK HOBBES NEW ENGLAND HOBBY SUPPLY THE HWN DEPOT PALATIHf HOBBY, LTD . ~118E.SOUIHST. 1818£. fMINST. STEW MARSHALL m W. EUCUD A'/C . PO BOX 425 90712 213·531·1m 71 HILUARD ST. 72834 501·229·1270 9300l 005·643-5338 203-646-D610 ." S.ORIANIlIl AI<. ~7.92k ","7 71B·35Q·1S88 00>10 32789 .07· 29-1 5 LOMPOC PARK RIDGE FOATSMITH WESTMINSlER NEW LONDON PENSACOLA MIKE'S TRAINS & HOBBIES ARNES TRAINS HILL'S HOBBY & COlLECTORS GOLDEN SPIKE lD4 W. OCEAN AVE . HOSBYCENTtR BOSE"S HOBBY HOUSE SHOP 5(ljS.I7TH 6540 W!:STMINSTER AVE . 426 WILLIAMS ST. 5719N.w. ST ILLINOIS ,~" 805·736·6747 714·89]·1015 10 PRAIRIE 72901 501·785·2557 j·800·n2-4-407 '"'' OO~O 203-444·2944 """ 904-433-2187 7111,823-4454 SHELTOH """ NORTH lIm£ ROCK LOSAl«iElES YUM CITY PLANTATION BEUEVILU PEORIA SHELTON RAlLROADSYSTEMS THE TRAIN DOCTOR MA{lIO HOBBY HOUSE AlliED MODEL TPAINS Yt1:STER NDEPOT 15ELMST. UNIVERSAl HOBBIES INC. ,IFFREY ALANS 4 ~ 11 SEPUL~OA BLVD. 715EASTMAIN 5112 MacARTHUR DR. 1650 SIERRA AVENUE, STE. 200 PO 8(I( 1~1 S. STATE RD., 17 ~601 N. SHERIDAN ROAD ..:II 22n 62220 6IB·233·2B2~ 72118 5OH53·0495 213·313·9353 "'" 916·673·6776 004" 203-92H761 33317 305-581·9390 6161~ 3OO·693·n73 W'CY MOREHOVALlEY SIMSBURY PLANTATION BERWYN LONG'S DRUG STORE 1224 VALLEY HOBBIES, INC. WARRICK CUST~ HOBBIES HOBBY CITY w: ~~T~~~ES,INC. 2~7D ALESSANDRO BLVD. 1025 S. UNI\tRSITY 6910 Cl:RMAK RD. mHOPJ.£ADONST. 305-37D-0708 700·795·0280 217·222·0040 9Z3BB~313 714·242·506(1 00IJ70 203-651·3234 33'24 .. '" '''''' SARASOTA NORTH HOll YWOOO WOLCOTT BLOOMINGTOH "0'"NORTH SHORE HOBBY AHD THE ROUNDHOUSE GULJ COAST MODEL RAILROAD THE HOBBY GAlliRY 3222 CLAAK ROAD HOBBYLAND INC . COlliCTORS GALLERY CALIFORNIA 12804 VICTORV BLVD COLORAOO 1810MERIc{N RD. 616N. MAlNST. 818·769·0403 ~~I BI3-923-9113 4001 OAKTON ST. "600 1Xi716 203-879-2316 TRAINS TRAIN! TRAIH$ 61701 3OO·B28·1442 60077 7lB·673-4PA9

ALBANY GRANGE ST. AUGUSTINE BURBANK SPRINGRELO fRANK'S HOBBY SHOP COLORADOS PRIt(lS KIT &CAS(X)DLE DIAMOND FUN SHOPPE HOBO'S HOBBES GOLDEN SPIKE TRAIN SHOP .EFFREY MANS 1404 SOLANO AVE. 666 N. TUSTIN AVE. 320 S. PONCE DE LEON BLVO. 1602WARASH 125E. OOUUH 6357 W. 79TH ST. ~7Il6 415·52B942 92&67 71H3UIOI 904-B26-0222 6271)4 217·787-7771 ""'" 719·520·0126 ",.. ..59 7CB·5~·3114 BERKElEY PETAWMA COlORADO SPRItf;S TAli.AHASS!:E CEHTRAUA SfRIHGRElD MODELS AND MORE BERi'ILEY HARDWARE KRIS ItfIINGLE LTD . HOBBY CA8(X)!X CE NTRALIA GOLD AHD HOBBY SPRltGlELO tw.4MERS I(8I(S 21.5 UNIVERSITY A\t. 21B PETALUMA BLVD. N. 220-8 W. THARP!: 119E.BROADWAY 2448 S.10TH ST. 701-762'2378 2519W. COLORADO AVE. ,,:11, ~71l4 415·B45·D410 '"'' IKI9IJ4 719·633·1210 904·3B5-9nB 62901 618·S11·1296 62703 217·snIXZ6S COlORADO SPRIHGS TAMPA REDDING CHAMPAIGN SfRINGRELD .,,' TRAIN DEPOT TRAIN SHOWCASE CHESTER KOLLEY MODEL IRON HORSE RAILROAD SPECIAUST PRAIRIE GARDE NS WHISTLE POST 2334 RAILROAD AVE. 3B S. SIERRA MADRE OELAWARE 2347W.MONRDE 116 S. BREA BLVD. 3BIB S. HIMESA~. 300J W. SPRINGFIELD PI.AZA 06001 916·243· 1350 =0 RIO GRANDE STATIONJ 62704 21H4.·6675 "''' 714·529·1795 719-471-1B 7 33611 BI3-831-7202 61B21 217-356·5558 REOONOO BEACH DENVER BURBANtC lfW" TAMPA CHICAGO THE TRAIN SIIACK SOUTH BAVMODEL CABOOSE HOBBES FIRST STATE HOBBIES CHICAGOLAND HOBBY RAILROAD SUPPLY roo SOD S. BROADWAY 1604 SAVANNAH RO. HAPPY HOBO TRAINS lroo N. HOllYV«XlD WAY 4040 W. WA1ERSAVE .,11 100 6017 N. NORTHweST HWV. 91505 B1B·B42·:mQ 2503 ARTESIA SlVD. .,,'" 1I3·m·6766 LEwes PLAZA 60031 312 ·775-4 848 911279 310·542·))88 19958 ))2-045-7700 "'I< 813-886-5072

CAMPBEll RoSEVILU DENVER WllMIHGTON CHICAGO 0& J HOBBY RAILROAD HOBBitS TRAINMASTfR OF DE NVER HOBBI ARliNe. TROST HOBBY SHOP 96 N. SANTIJMSAQUINO RD. 199CIRBYWAY/I 2 3700 HAVANA 1m 4700 KIRKWOOD HIVY. 3105·3111 W. 63RD ST. 95l1li6 ~ !S·379-1696 95679 916·782-6007 "'''' 1I3-371 ·64« """ 112·999-0 1 ~ ..29 31H25 ·111X1 April 1993 Model Railroading • 87 EASTPOINT ROBBINSOAlE ...... WItON INDIANA KENTUCKY JCl'S HOBBY (INTER HUB IIOBBY CENTER II088YTOWN USA THE ROUNDHOUSE INC. MASSACHUSETTS 17900 E. TIN Milf 14655 W. CENTER RD. .", ~m I.AKELANOAI/E. N 400 NEW .ERS£Y A\'t . . 31J.7TJ.B294 5sm 612-535·5628 68144 4rt2-697-9514 08101 6OO · ~I · Bm BROWn aJUNTY PARIS "'-TOH NASIMUf lWLRMDCO. CABOOSE CORNER SCAlf MODEL PRODUCTS FARMlNCi'TON SAINT PAll. CllJIIR UUlUE AUfY 20l51MIN Sf. &3 HUQS)N RD. JCl'S HOBBY CENTER SCAlf MODElSUPPI..I1:S """"ItOUSE (f TRAINS Til: HOBBY' GAI.I ANNEX IfASlMllf

NORTON ULAMAZOD lU'IlO NORTH lAS VEGAS RED IANl IOWA HORTON PROTOTYPE H08BIES RICER'S HOBBY SHOP CONDUCTORS CHOICE MOII:l PETERSON HODBIESICRAFTS H08D'tMASTERS INC. 160TAUNTON AVE . 3417 S. WESTNEOGE AVE . TRAINS 32628 CIVIC CENTER OR . 62 WHITE ST. 500 S. SPRING 01766 5IlI·285·6712 .... 616·349·2666 702·~9·3311 onOI 9IlI·642-6020 ' ••01 601 ·642·5465 """ CEDNI. RAPIDS RAY'"'" KAUII.\lOO BOX ItAR HOBIIIES ROO RlffiDFOIID EO'S 1rJXCAR ST.lN·S ROUNDHOUSE HIGH SIERRA IomLS CI+OOCHOOEOOIES Il»THIROAVE. SE 611 CEHTERSTRUT 5mS.WESTitEDGE 52401 319·362 ·1291 MAINE 36n KINGS 'M1N 38AMESAVE. 02767 !iCII·822-6563 .... 616·345·00)4 "'" 702-747-7444 07073 201-138-1588 OUMOINES HOfITHYARMOUTH SUDBURY PETllSXFf RENO WEI_ H08BYHAVEN KEN'S TRAINS DOUG'S PHOTO AND HOBBY H08BIES(J' RENO SATIlfR'S HOB BY SHOP 76n H1CllMAN RD. TRAIN oS TROOPER 13 MEMORIAL HWYJROUTE 91 Mill VIUAGE, RTE . 20 333 E. MITCHELL MISSOURI 535 E. /Il1A1tA lANE 14 HADDON A\'t. """ 515·276·8785 0402 1 2 -829·32 I 01716 !iCII-I4J.6883 49770 616·347-1233 "'" 1D'2·826·6(X)6 "'". 6(i·854-7136 PDII.TIUIDtI ""'"EAST 5111: OlY TRAINS WARREN WlWIN TUCKERS H08BIES 8tU!: WATER HOBBIES Q-fCI(fIlD FlAG HI&IY CNTRY. 932 BE . STATEST. 1414 PINE GIIO'oot AVE . 50<01 515-123·1748 BOX ll1lO-86ACON ST . 14755 ""'NCHESTER RD. "'" 413-136·5318 "'160 313·984-8764 ...11 31094-7600 OSICALOOU. Fl OCHE$TER WEST BOYIJTON BUE SPRINGS COUNTRY DEPOT JCf'S HOBIIY CUTER MAINLINE TRAINS 2$'2 LINCOLN A\'t. HENRYS H08BY HOUSE CAMPUSCORNERS SHPG . CTR . 807 MAIN ST. NEW HAMPSHIRE NEW MEXICO 525n 515-67.1·5927 57 W. IIOYLSTON Sf. UNIT I I(l)S. lMRNOIS 816·224-6962 01583 !iCII·83S-6165 ..., 313-651 ·&&42 6<0" FARMlNGTDtI ...... W CRUCES WESTFORD 50UTHAELD A&I H088Y CENTRAL HOBBY EMPORIUM THE HOBBY HUT MARYLAND H08BY USA II:L'S TRAIN CENTER ROYAL RIDGE MAll 12fiWYATIDR. 174 LITTLETON ROAD 310 8 POTOSI ST. 2312lLAHSER RD. 31056·79)9 8)3-8B8 ·3366 5aj·52Hall 0"" 5IlI·392-9522 ..". 313·357·Sno "'" ""'" """ w.nMOftE ST. ClAIR SHORES lANIAS CITY NORTH CONWAY MOGOU.'" M BKlflN . IIjC. 8RASS CABOOSE TSARSro: SHO WHISTLE STOP HOB8Y TRAINS SPOTLIGHT MOII:L RAILROAD I BURSUMR~D ,..., 162 •• GAY ST. 7427 TROOST A\{. ~UNII:R CARO\1 RHO) 21m~RPERAVE . ORCAOSS ClAW PltQME,ofAX 505·5:11-2766 ~NCWa:SMALORII:~ 313·111·6710 ~IJl 816-144·1131 12·2 301- ·6207 ."'" .... 6!D·356-9922 m7WRlZfD tOft DfALfR SSflT .aruHD PAflKYlll£ I«IRtHHAMPTON CATOfaYlUE DAVE'S HOBBY oS TV J&l HOBBIES Fms PHOTO & HOBBYSOOP KANSAS PRO CUSTOM H08BIES, INC. 20026 WARREN RD. 1362J NW HWY. 9 V1UAGE SHOPPING CENTER NEW YORK 72 1F REtERICK RO. MICHIGAN 48185 313-122-14~ ~152 816·746·1282 USRT. l 21228 ~10-78B ' B770 6CO·Q64·9292 G'ftEATBEND "'" CClLlfGE H.R1 WESTlAHO ST. LOUS NORTH SWANZEY AIIlTYIlll TAYlOR'STOYS ANtIAR80R NANKIN HARDWARE' )(l88Y NORTH CENTRAl H0881£S lIE lOOSE CABOOSE K' P1t088/ES 3120 10TH ST . BURRm ttOBBIS RICER'S H08BY SHP 4917 NIAGARA RD. 35101 FORD RD. 9120 LACKIJJID RD. ROUTE 12, PETFSAUTO CENTER 55WRRICKRD. '7350 316-7113·9698 115 W. UBERTY 48185 313·m·57OD 6311~ 31.-126-0031 603·357-6821 11101 516-5tie-24D!i 20740 301·962·5a32 48104 313·668·6646 .....

u.NSASClTY GAlM.RS8I.MG SAlE. WlSlUN SPA J"S 1I088Y HAVEN BAY CITY H08BYEMPOAII,N (J'SAlf, INt. TItE llPOT PASTlM~S CUM CfWT INC. 4601 STATE AVE . 531 OUINCE ORCtwlD RD. RUB ROCIaNGHAM MALL lIB MILlOIi AVE. 66102 81J.281-Ja]CI IC08ADAMS 6(D·ag}.6662 12020 51H85-8789 2tl!78 301·977·7m 48706 517·892 ·6177 !Ill"

TOftIA " ...NCT1lII MAYBERRY l SONS CAII11JO FUN FORAl t HOBBIES TRAIN & HOB81ES GEORGE'S CABOOSE 2!l23 SW GAIi" 8LVD. RIII:R'S H088Y SHOP MINNESOTA NEBRASKA 85 ROBINSON ST . 1~7 SUMMIT A\'t. 913·272·5n2 42007 FORO RD. ll... 607-771·8358 301 -564-9360 481117 313-981 ·8700 -- '''''' MOUN'T AIRY LINCOlN - CENNIOON'S TRACKSIII c...... u nu CANADA HOBBYTOWN HU8 HOIIIIY CENTER HoeBIES J & WMOIIl TRAINS. INC. EAST PAAKMAI..I. NEW JERSEY """'YIjHOB8YKlNG B2 MINNfSOTAAVE. 22t1 NORTH 66TH ST . 2nOA't'tIlU!:U 2-4 S.MAINSf. 6450 BECHT AD. 55117 21171 301 -831-nll ."'" 616-158·5586 612-19J.1675 68505 41l2-16H858 11229 71 ...... LINCOlN ABERDEEH OEARBOfIN RlCliA ElD ROLUES MOCEL RAILROAD HOeBYSHOf' 1ll000l YIC JCl'S HOB8Y CENTER HUB HOBBY CENTER CROSSING RT.34 WAlrs HOBBY SHOP 7845 WYOMING A\'t. tio4I6P[NNAVE .S 5606S . .aTHST. STRATMORE SHOPPING CENTER 7!Q9 5THAVE. 48126 31J.9I1·6567 55<23 512-8Il6 ·9575 ,.,,' 402-123·9337 onn 9(8.S83«D5 11209 118·745-41191

68 • Model Railroading April 1993 BUff"" MARION PORruNO STRA S&lII.G ...... CITY KVAlHOll6lES NORTH CAROLINA OLIl: TOWNE TRAIN SHOPPE WHISTLE STOP TRAINS STRASBURG TRAIN SHOP ED'S SOUTHERN TRAINS UTAH m HINMAII A'of , 2655. STAlEST. 14037SE STARK ROUTE 7~IE, BOX 130 217 E.MAIN ST, 14216 716 ·875·2837 614-387-6003 'n" 5Ol·252-7118 17579 717·687·GI&4 "... 615·929 ·22gQ BU""" """lLE "'" PROVO NIAGARA HOBBY .. CIWT MART ANTlOUe TRAIN I TOYCO. SoILE. ••YNE KNOXVIllE WfLlTRAINED OfEN EVEIIINGS .. SUNDAY J..... & M HOBBIES'" 523 MERRIMON AVE. SKYSPORT SWJ.l WORLD HOBBIES limON'S IKlSSES lIB W. CUTER ST. 3356 UIlIOfI RD. AT WAlDEN 704·253·7648 1238 COHANT ST. ~564 CCIIINERClAlST. SE 163 E. lANCASTER A\f. , 752SW,YNARDVUE HW'f. ..." 8Q1·37HJlO7 11H81-1666 '''''' "'3' 41 ~893 · 2621 '''''' 5Ol·363~~5 'OlI' 21W8H1I75 31\1 18 615-922·9811 cawtRE ArHEL RR SUPPlES '"'' SALTWf:Q1Y CUFT'ON PlIIK .....,LLE ""nlt•• TOII WESTCHESTER KNOXVILLE [lOUGLASMOII:LS HOBBYTOWN liSA NICK'S SALES I SERVICE 8RANOWlI NEHOBBIES IlAN'S TRAINS •••• 55TH YEAR···· 6N PlANK RD. ~~::::~~~: ~gB8Y 725! MIDDtEBRAHCH HE 19)2 WESTCHESTER PIKE EIo()RY AOADAT 1·75 NORTH 200sE. 33AO SOUTH ST. "... 518·383'1215 ".'" 704-2511·2227 ~~n1 216-4!M·0125 \0'" 215-69!HXM9 31'" 615- 1I3l·n12 "'''' 801--487-7752 fAST Roctt:mR .....,W HOII.'" ...... IAlTWECfTY [(SPATQt JUWCYnII SINK'S MOOElSHOf' PAUL'S HOBBIES MOCU RR HOBBY SHOP GREAT ESCAPE HOBBIES 100 STATION RD. 1 175 M WEA~FIV1llE IM'Y. ~6E . IMIN 3436 PARK AVE. I mWEST~I60SOOTH "" 716-385-5570 '''''' (704)6511·0476 .. '" ~19 · 66II · :II19 38111 901·32H2~5 84119 8Dl·066·nBS ""DAlE M£MPHS SUSIE-Q IKlBBY SHOP ClWllOTTE POWELL WORllI~GAMESAND aiARLOTTE ELECTRIC TRAIN CTR. ...MRS " HOBBY SHOP RO BOX 220 MARKER UGHT TRAINS HOBBES 9425 UNION SOUARE IIH FREEIJ.ND lANE 2470 SIR 750 FAX 6H--436 ·!M8J PENNSYLVANIA RHODE ISLAND 2796 S. PERIONS BUSHVlUHWAN lAKE RD. 26217 704 ·52HXl92 ..,,, 801 ·572-&JB2 914·2f1l-{921 ..., 61~--436 ' 1M8O 381\8 901 ·365-2080 "''' I'IGBlN FORC£ CIWILom YOUNGSTUWN ALLOOIlW. ",,"STOll PIGEON fORGE TOY & HOBBY ""'.I..AKI: CITY HOBBIES THE ~l£R ' S HOBBY SHOP BOARDMo\N HOBBY CENTER ALlENTOWN TOY TRAIN SfRV. AA . HOBBIES 2919 MIODLI CREEK RD. 30 QlERRY ST. ~1KlB CCENTRAL AI,{. 6820 IMRKET ST . 1251(1 N. 11TH ST. 885 OYER AVENUE P.O. BOX 1271 315·lS1.Q107 704,537-£163 omo 401·943·~ "'" "'" H512 216·7511-1522 IB102 215'B21-o7~0 3"" 615--428·CIlIB IICICSYlLU HARRlsaLIIG &UI RIDGE SUMMIT FOm. HOBBY IMAGES A REAOYTO RUN HOBBY SHOP MAlNUNE HOBBY SUPPLY SHIPPEETOWN MO[lL SHOP 89,fRUSAlEJ,IAVE. 3600 HIGtlWAY ~9SOUTH l!i115 BUCHANAN TRAILE 1B4IlANIHSON PIIIl VERMONT 11801 516-822·8259 ,.,,, Inl~ 117·~·2860 ~01-M7 · 2&l0 701--455·2220 """ ERIE WUEFIlO ""AlTOONA ...... SHOPS I£NDOIsotI CARS & TRAINS H08BYSHOP THE TRAINSHED IT. ..IOItUlIIY 5&4 WESTING HOUSE RD. CORNISH & SONS HOBBY ~ OOOE. LAJIiE RD. 562 KINGSTOWN RD TEXAS EWS PAINT WAllPAPER GLS. VIUAGE PlAZA 4:11S. GARNET OKLAHOMA HARBOR CREEK MALL DUO VADIS SHOPPING CENTER 85 EASTERN AVE. 401·7tI9·1420 1~845 607·~·8Q 1 6 '1536 16511 81H~ · 1347 """ .. " BCr.! · 7~ ·~ IfJHTIHlTOH OKLAHOMA CITY 'v.,,, CIll AIlSn. """011 WOOCM'ARDS CRANEERRY H08 BY [lPOT HOBBY TOWN U.SA CAfOOSE INC. SOIffilEASTERN HOBBY SUPPlY 20327 PERRY HIGKWAY BflODlE OAKS SHOPPING CTR. mlWAlLST. 415 VlRl1'NIAAVE. ~401 WEST J.lMOA~L ROAD OUAILBROOK CENTER CRANIlRRY TOWNSHIP 4107 CAP1TAlCf TEXAS HWY. 11743 516--427·8288 28752 701 ,652·371)4 41 2·716·3640 18104 13'" ~05-151-4994 GEmSBLlRG'"'" .1OONSOH CITY T1.U.\ TC».WY GILBERT MO[lL 1J.\llA. THETRAIN SHOP """'"UTT LE CHOO CHOO SHOP, INC. ACTION HOBBIES RAIUlGAD SUPPLY SOUTH CAROLINA BOBBYE HAll'S HOBBY HOUSE 210GRANDAVE. 5Cl)s. SAUSBiJRYAVE. ~955C SOUTH MfMORIAL 346 E. WATfR Sf. ~822 BRYAN ST. VIRGINIA 131., 2IH21·2550 607'197-1ll35 281Si 800-932·2~66 14145 918·66.HIl9B 17325 1\1·331·1992 "". LMELUlERJE GREOOILU DW.U lAKE lUlfRNE TRAIN &HOBBY ...DElL TWA UXIHTOWH GRfAT ESCAPE cauBRrs Al£XAH"'. 1933 LAkE AVE . TODO'S TRAIN [lPOT WING5-N·TMINGS, INC. ,fNKlNTOWN HOBBYCENTER PLEASAHTBURG SHOPPING CTR . 56OOW. lOIER"s WE, STE . III CORNISH' SONS HOBBY BOX ~65 , ROUTE 9N ~04 W. WILSON A'I,{ . 5241 S. PEORIA GREEIM{)OOA~ . & LHOOMSl 1~26 LAURENS RD. 2 BLOCKS WEST l)= TOllWAY 6239 unLE RMR TPkE , 919'365-!006 \0,,, 215·884·7555 22312 703·;4H634 "... 518-696--4905 "'" W05 818 ·145-1:'034 """ 8OO·21H32B ,~'" 214-352 ·3394 WEUCOUIM8IA DW.U .,. .... LJHCA'TER IlJiI(fJfAIIFAX WIlliS HOBBIES SMITIY'S HOBBY & CRAFT NEW lIRooKLANO RAIUlGAO & COLLECTIBLE TRAINS & TOYS 2B!5WIWSAVE. HOBBY 1111 MEDAWON CENTER ACTION HOBBIES(J BURkE 1226 MIlLERSVILlE PIKE S16$ BURIIl: CTR. PARKWAY l1!i11 516-746-:»H 1160) 717·393·2521 ~05 STATE ST. LOOP 12 AT ABRAMS RD. 29169 800·791·3958 75m 2~4-373'1M69 22015 703·918·W1O

LEM,,", FAlllQUlQt IDTIlII. 1J.\llA. ARUNGTON HOBflYCIWTERS Till: TRAIN SHOP OHIO IDSTONE H088YCENTER PHIL'S HOB81ES WlllSTON a:mR 23W. ~5ST . 239S. lAD ST. 2740 VAlWOOO PARIIWAY 1105 6116ARUNGTON BLVD. ,.,. 212·7:l1-{M09 711·763·7534 214·2~3·3603 110" ,~" "04< 700 ·532·2224

PAltHIlGIE ClNCNlAn MDHTOORSvtlLE FORTWORTM GRAfFOII HARRY'S [(POT GOlf MANOR HOBBES ENGUSH MOlll RR SUPPLY OlOTNf H06fJ1ES GRAFTON HDa8YCEllTER 128MfIJOROAVE.,RT. 1I2 2235I.OSANTMlLEA~ . OREGON 21 HOWARD ST . SOUTH DAKOTA 3!i11 A 8lL1e BONNETT CIR. 11O-CDARERD. 11m 516--415-9)56 ~5231 513·351 ·3849 1\1·368-2516 In" 761011 B11-021-$208 ''''' 80UIiIB--4llM PERKASIE .0000TtR CIM,,"O BEAVERTON SIOUX fAlLS """'TOIl TAMMIE'S HOBBIES lfSHER'S VARIETY·HOBBIES DONOVANS H088Y CENTER L""""'" ANDY'S TRAINS HOBBY HOUSE INC. 21 H.ntI lARRY'S HOBBIES TRAINS UNUMITED 2111 SCOTTSVILlE RD. 3545 SW HAlL BLVD. IN[lPEN[lNCE PLA2A 156·F 1960EAST 2016 LAKESlIl OR. 800 HURON RD. 503·64-4--4535 ",4< 215·257--41155 3813 S. WESTERN AVE . 14611 116-235-1587 ~~ 1I 5 216-lSl·3210 '1005 11013 713--4~3 · 7313 2~501 8(M ·3&5·5036 IN PA 1·800·A TRAIN 0 57105 6lI5·3lI-69045 MlWAUklE • IlCIDTtR ClMIJH • HOBBY WAREHOtlSE· PllLAIlW'ItIA "WIll ...... Till: WHISTlE STOP WING'S H088YSHOP,INC. MclOUGHlIN S & HHARDWARE&. SUPPlY ItOB8Y CENTER TRAIN IlPOT 41. N.IlH ST ~ PO BOX 849 1967 RIDGE RD. E 111121lTROIT A~ . 11~1I5 S.E.lklllUGHUN BLVD. 6700 CASTOR A~ . nl~NEWMARKETCT . , , 817·63(.0488 22110 103·335-2216 116--467·7590 ~4101 216-221 · ~ Iln61 503-653·1233 19149 215·745·9375 .. "'" OREGON CITY ROCIYl'aNT OOAUTYFARM TOYS&. HOOIIIES "TnIlL'''K LEWISVILLE MIIUmlAN EASTERN HOBBIES INC. "STRETE'JIll"" H088IES 101 MAIN Sf. A BCHARLES SON HOBBY SHOP SOIJTHWeSTTRA1NS CHESTERFIELD HOBBIES INC. 118 ROUTE 25A 3665 SUUNAKr AVE . 503·6!i1·Bm3 3213 W. LlIERTY AI,{ . TENNESSEE 540 SURf. SUITE 118 13154 NIOlDTHIAN TURNPIKE 11718 516-121·3175 ~3228 61H19·6Q59 '104'LG8, AF, HO, N TRAINS 15216 412 ·561·JQ58 ,

_. CWlIIIlUS PIlOlUHO Plm6lJIGH IROOWOOO R(QIIOIIO THREE GUYS HOBBIES THE TRAIN STATION HOBBES UNUMIUO 811L & WALT'S HOBBYSHOP NASHVILlE [lPOT HOBBY SHOP ...HOBBY """'. STOP HOBBYCENTJ:R 99E. IMINST. ~~30 lN DIAHOIJ.AVE. ~!il3 It INTERSTATE AVE . 116 SMITHFlELD Sf. 492~ THOROUGH8RED lANE 19 SREESE BLVD. 4925W.8RGADST./402 IIlS7 516·265·8303 ~321~ 61.·262·1Kl56 91217 51Il-281--409D 15222 ~12·281·Q)40 37027 615·371·53!i1 "'''' 512-828·9117 "13' 8(M·350·mo lI'PER NYACK HUDSON SHORES MOCfL TRAIN MNmAFAW POIIlUHO READING CI'oITTAHIlIIGA R(QIIOII' ",POT RAil CROSSING H08BYWAAEHOUSE IRON HORSE HOBBY HOUSE CHATTANIXXiA [lPOT TOYCENTER, INC. 5811 PAml\SON AVE. I VAN HOOTEN Sf. 119W. IUIITAGE TRAIL 8532 SW APPLE WAY 6OS. 6Tl1ST . 3101 RINGGOlD RD. 9n25 503·2f1l ·3790 215-373·6927 8(M·288-4415 ,... 914-353--4710 ~4221·3221 216-;45-$52 "0'" 37~12 615-622.(630 ''''' POIIlUHO L""'" HOBBY WAREHOUSE· .fAIN ... ClARKSVIlLE ",.-IIlN'S TRAINS. OMNGE PlAZA THE CORNER STORE HOLLYWOOD G& K HOBBY a:NTRE Till: HOBBY SHOP 2328 ORANGE AVE. rH. 1 2~9COLORAOOAVE . ~161 Nf.SANOY BlVD. 720 GORDON ST. 1616FT. rANPBUL BLVD. 24012 FAX7IIl·342~n 4<"" 216·288·2351 91212 5m·284·1912 '960' 215·37H598 3104' 615-553-0350 PHONE 7IIl·343·11157

April 1993 Model Railroading • 69 ...... IlAru ROAIIIOlI{lWts AIol RICAN EAGUS IItC. HAlI'AX WAREHOUSE AIIDGAUfRY 2220 ICW IM.RKETST . WISCONSIN WYOMING MARITI. HOBBIES I CRAfTS "CHITRA.e""lVIR HOBB/ES SWITZERLAND 113 NORfOl1A'ft. S.W. 98111 200,782·6+48 SCOTIA SOUARE 2835 GRANDVIEW IIWV. 24() 11 703-341-5930 liS 8lJ 1119 9Ill~2J.881O Be V9112E1 604--431-0771 ....ru WINNIPEG • IloIHIlI£ OOIl'S HOBBIES APPlEI1lN ...... CfNTRAl TRAIN STATION THE GOlDEli SPIN: ~WSTER BY VlEIlEFiIlEER TIlE RAIL YARD BESTS' I\OBBIES ""'" ~NATA HOBBY CTR. mnAWA) 6111 AWIWAMSOII ROAD 4746 UWMRSITYVlllAGE Pl I:1S.KNIWl UOll:l SItOP 135 SEESTRASSE 21OOW . COU£GEA~ ., /8 C(MIISSA.RY MAll m HAZELDEAH RD., NIT 14 I85STAlW:OJ(AST. lICU 11-115-3ti66 24019 7tD-362·1m ,~noo ON K2l 488 613 · ~O ,- " 54914 .,"" 307 ·2~15 R3T12 20H67-211O IIIT.FAX::411 ·120-4166 "''" IINGSmN SUFRU SI'IlIAIIE MOOKRElD RIVERTON Willi'" l\IIIJIlI MIKE'STRAIIlLANO SUNSET JUNCTION HOBBYHORSE JAY'S TRAI Na:IfTER PETE RMACOONAl DHOBBY GOOC H'S HOBBIES FEATHER'S US·TRAIIISTORE 5661 SHOUlDERS Hill RD. E2 13 SPRAGUEAVE. 16750 W. BWEI.tJUHD 313 N. 6T HEAST SU PPLY 185SKERSROOKST. HERW:TSCHlODSfR. 75 BOt-4&4-4Z24 5IlI-&311-2379 414·782·2170 2(8 DMStONS f. CH·80IO '~35 82501 3117-"""" M8R:l:2R7 20H~270 "''' """ ON K7K3Z1 613.s48·8427 INT. FAX: ~11 4 33 1464 ' ACOMA UUCUJRE . 1lIITII£AI. PACflC RAILWAY H081!1ES 808'S tKlMY JUNCTION H088Y 'M)RLD LTD. 511 5 100TlI 9N NO. 7 3621 E.IWIILTON AVE . 5450 SHER8ROOKE W LIST YOUR "'" 200-581-4~53 '"'' 715·632-<4445 POH-4AIW 514-481-5434 EAU ClAIRE SHOP IN OUR HOBBY tMSTER NORTH WDT1INSllR CREATM H068YCRAFT STORES 394~ ANIIRSON DRM WASHINGTON ~2 6TH ST. 54103 71S<~5(I)I CANADA DEALER BeV12ZI 604·52S-664~

!lOUNGTIlN POR'DIMII DIRECTORY WAGNER'S H088Y HOUSE """'"IRON RAILS CF KENOSHA CANADIAN FINE SCAlf SLH HOBBIES 'I.OUI' 2a3122NOAVE. 13IE . ~INST. WEST VIRGINIA NSCAlf SPEOALTIES SILVER LAKE NORTHSHORE ..., 2C6·g:s·2515 531~O 414-552'8075 535 LOCUST ST. 00 PROSPECT ST ., RR II ON L7S IV~ 416·3l)·6560 NIlA INI 519·583·3204 $6 PER MONTH CASI-IIERE BRIOCEPOftT ...SON SICI-TRACKED HOBBIES HOBBY CRNT CF MADISON !lOUNGTIlN 1"II"''''"'' BYS HOBBYEMPORI1lM'''' H08aYSTOP HUTars TRAINS 183 SIM

Get More from Model With DIESEL ERA. only your friends Railroading ... will know fOf surel DIESEL ERA Is o high-quality bl'monthly maga­ • Data Sheets zine devoted to providing railroad modelers • Slide & Video Clinics and enthusiasts a new source for photo­ • Colorful, informative, graphs. history. and details of their favorite locomollves. freight and passenger cars dur­ ing the diesel years .. .from the 1930's to the magazine present day. • technicalPike Registry monthly ___ ~~!~;~~i~~~i~ and more! Join the National Of speCial interest ore our rozor-sharp detalt photos - every view you need to build that Railroad Association •.• award-winnIng model. share the fun Subscribe at our basic one-yeor rate (6 issues) MEMBERSHIP APPUCATION for $20.00. Every other month. you wilt receive DIESEL ERA direct to your doorstep. Save even DEPT_MRM 4121 CROMWELLRD, CHATIANOOGA, TN 37421 more and subscribe for two years - 12 Issues I enclose ... 0 Check 0 Money Order 0 Charge for 538,00. Or look for usaf your favorite hobby o Regular. One Year ...... $24.00 0 Youth. One Year ...... $16.50 Date of Birth (Youth Only) ___ shop. Send $4.00 for a sample issue. (Under 20 Years) Name ______Charge to: DAmerica.n Express DVISA 5"00' ______o Master Card Exp. Date ____ CARD NUMBER C;1y ______I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 528 Dunkle School Road State ______Zip _____ Signature ______Halifax, PA 17032 o.Iach

70 • Model Railroading April 1993 EXCERPTS FRO~I L10:\EL SERVICE "A:\L\L 1:\ EVERY ATHEARN ISSt:E 'The Legend Continues" LOCOMO~ ROUUNGSTOCK INTERMODAL HO Scale PIGGYBACK MODERATELY PRICED ••• MADE IN THE U.S.A.

NEW paint scheme introduced by Athearn is Another new paint scheme from Athearn is the shown here applied to the ATHEARN GP9 Speed Leftenng for the Southern Pacific toco· locomotive. Sharp white lenering and bright motives as illustrated by the S040·2 above. red ends mark this impressive model of a The usual sharpness you have come to expect Canadian National locomotive. The GP9 will from Athearn. also be available in the Conrail bright blue with DIESEL ENGINE SHELLS white lettering. NEW! HO SD60M SCALE , • 2 window cab version . ' i!1lI . --0040 • 1 piece cab I I • Fits our own S060(M) chassis I -. -- . • Chassis is Athearn Dash 2 compatable ~ --~ • Now in stock at dealers • Custom painted shells available ATHEARN reintroduces the giant "power house" of a locomotive in the 0040 with either a single motoror atwin motor powered model. Illustrated is the Demonstratorversion featuring dark blue, • Santa Fe Gull Wing 8-40CW in stock white and silver lettering. This locomotive is identical to the EMD 0035 featuring some 5000 CF-7, 8·406, 8-40CW and SD60(M) horsepower used by the Union Pacific and Southern Pacific. The 0040 had a total of 6600 horsepower, but with no change in the exterior of the engine the difference being the diesel Die cast chassis in stock engines within the common body shell. Power trucks on the model have eight wheels each ... a C32·8, C30-7, SD60, 623-7, CF-7, total of 16 wheels giving you super traction for those heavy grades or extra long freights. 8·406, 8·406 Dmy Unit, SD45, GP35, 8-40CW, and now SD60M ATHEARN 40 ft. steel reefer with operating ice hatches features new method of printing with • Check your local shop for our products authentic colors and lenering. Just one of the • LSSAE for product list and accessories many pieces of rolling stock offered by the ATHEARN line of mOOel railroad equipment. • Dealer inquires most welcome """",", ~R'"NEW 7283 Po~'N. Stagecoach Drive Park City, UT 84060 801·649·9889 Phone/FAX

CONDUCTORS NEED BRIGHT BOY FOR BETTER SEE VA THERE! CONDUCTIVITY

VAllEY FORGE ExPRESS. 1111--"- " - August 1-8, 1993 Oean track conducts better. 609-467-1739 Easy·to-use Bright Boy will make your rails shine. 949-521 $3.98 See you r Participating Walthers ~e r .

• •• WALTHERS 5601 W. Florist Ave. Milwaukee, WI 532 18 @l993 Wm. K. Walthers. Inc.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 71 GREAT LOOKING TRACK KaS METAL The Micro Engineering/Rail Craft Line of Flex-Trak™ • Aluminum/Blass/Copper Tubing &Shapes • Music Wire . oToois • Soldering Irons • Silk, Silk Span • Finishing Materials SENDS1.oo FOR OUR NEWCATALOGI lfiS ~,n'~I~ri~

10-102 HO Code 100 $24.65 10-116 HOn3 Code 55 $21.95 ------10-104 HO Code 83 23.15 10-118 HOn3 Code 40 21.95 10-1 06 HO Code 70 23.15 10-120 HOn2'h Code 55 21.95 10-108 HO Code 55 23.15 10-122 N Code 70 21.95 10-110 HO-HOn3 C-70 28.95 10-124 N Code 55 21.95 10-112 HO-HOn3 C-55 27.75 10-126 N Code 40 21.95 10-114 HOn3 code 70 23.15 Prices are lor non-weathered track in 6 pc ., 16 ft. bundles. RESERVE NOW! Flex-Trak'M is available with eith er 1120 Eagle Rd. weathered or non-weathered N.S. Mlcro Fenton, MO 63026 rail. See the full line of Flex-TrakTW VALLEY FORGE ExPRFS'>+ Engineering PH 314-349-111 2 al your dealer or order direct (add August 1-8, 1993 . Company FAX 31 4-349-1180 $2 shipping). Send $1 for brochure. lVE Credit card ord ers 1-800-462-6975 609-467-1739 .

Provides Instant of proper COUIPk!l~ Accuretely meiasul'lril height above the, m111",,01 0:;;;;':

, , ;..,J"J.,. '" -.:---ill r-C-; 993 Kadcel» Quality P r oducts Co. 673 Avcn ucC While C ity. OR 97503- 1078 Phone (503)826 -3883 rax (503) 826-4013

72 • Model Railroading April 1993 For realism - make your track Now at your roadbed and highways local dealer with.. . ;J AMI Instan~ "S.. 11 »~BP~~S Track Side Roadbed demonstrated at NMRA Detail Parts 19. Valley Forge 1I0 UIEs Iiii1..... Train Show" PROBABLY THE BEST LIlTLE EC901 MODB.. RAILROADER'S SHOP IN CHICAGOLAND Electrical Relay Cabinet Tkfjal(t!f See it at O PEN 7 DAYS A WEEK 1 Door ()QI(eet"f ()et,~t HO- HOn3 - N - 0 - On3- S - Sn3-G leading 1468 Lee Street (Rt. 45) . Des Plaines, IL 60018 Hobby Shops AMI Phone (708) 297·2118 EC902 P.O. Box 11861 Electrical Relay Cabinet or send SSAE to: Clayton, MO 63105 =:1 III ill IE.l 2 Door SM903 Switch Motor & Mount EC904 Electrical Relay Cabinet OVERING 4 Door YOU, Now Available •.. HO Gauge FROM OLD Grade Crossing Signal TO NEW, WITH BINDERS OVER DETAILS to save your copies of 850 .. ~ Model Railroading ".0, BOX SIll • \j(.I>1 I I,ll { ,-.1 1'1, I'{ 8 8 HACIHlIlA HEKiliYS. (AUF Y114!' Binders ~"I I II 1/,,"'1 ( 11\\'" I () I ()),; '1/" Box Files IIA\\ III(Jil\1 I \ "'>",0 I 'I '\IJ"'i '.'1011111(111 \1 {11l1 KII~1 $7.95 each $9.95 each 3 for $21.95 3 for $27.95 6 for $39.95 6 for $52.95 Order Direct From: MARKER LIGHT TRAINS Jesse Jones Industries ~ Eastern Car Works! All Makes of Brass Accessories 499 E. Erie Ave., Dept. MRG ~ 1'.0. n,,~ " 1."624 • l.lI nRhl)f'n e. I'A 19(1.17 HON3-HO-SN3-S-0N3-0 Philadelphia, PA.19134 Enclose check, money order (or charge PASSENGER P.O. Box 1540· Powell, OH 43065 orders over $15 to your VISA, MasterCard, 614-436-9480 Diners Club or American Express Card) but TRUCK PARTS you must include the card number, expi­ ration date, Interbank number and your signature. 9000 6-36 inch axle sets $2.00 OM C&O FI9 4-6-2 $ 1.395.00 For binder or oox file orders only, and for U5 H IH B 0-8-0 895.00 charge cards, Gall Jesse Jones Industries 9001 P.R.R . 2D-P5 truck $4.00 MG N&W Y6b 2-8-8-2 2, 195.00 direct at 1-800-825-6690. 9002 Commonwealth $4.00 CB GN Ll 2-6-6-2 1.1 95.00 You must add $1.00 per binder or box OM P&LE 2-8-4 FIP 1.595.00 file for shipping inside the U.S.A. or $2.50 9003 Pullman-Standard 55 N&W J 4-8-4 wlKTM 995.00 (in U.S. funds only) per box file or binder for orders to be shipped outside the U.S.A. lightweight $4.00 OM #0447 NS C39-8 latc 750.00 OM #0446 N5 C39-8 750.00 9004 Commonwealth Our Kits are Bashable swing motion $4.00 OM #1744 5D40-2 (4) each $549.95 '9005 Pullman-Standard OM C&5 #74 549.00 OM 1693. 1 D&RGW Cab 199.95 9011 P.R.R. 3D-P1, OM C&S Reefer Kits 3 1.50 3D-P7 $4.00 OM C&S Gondola Kits 29.80 "HO" "NOTE: ITEMS WITHOUT PRICING SEND SELF-ADDRESSED SHOWN ARE NOT YET AVAILABLE. P5CB&OQlc2-8-2 $309.95 STAMPED ENVELOPE FOR: Tenshodo NYC 4-8-2 289.95 AHM PRR J\ 2-10-4 295.00 A) Instructions for installing flat and rou nd Manufacturers of Tenshodo ON S I 4-8-4 419.95 "CAN " motors in hobby town of Boston Craftsman Style Tenshodo GP-7 169.95 kits. Injection Molded Styrene HM A5616 129.00 B) Latest Kit and Parts lists at your Local HO Railroad Kits and Parts. 55 C 16#278 169.95 Hobby Shop LSSAE for list - Specify scale Large Stock Oil Display hobbytown®of Boston Send SASE for fulilisl 01 parts. Reserve SS Big BOyj C hallenger P.O. Box 5135, Hollywood, FL 33083 Dealer inquiries invited.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 73 Now Available! ESCAPE TO S SCALE! dl-owau1~ dl-obby Enjoy the great advantages of S scale, the mid-size scale more model railroaders are turn­ ROCK MOLDS & CASTINGS ing to. Learn all about this main line scale, discover the bi-monthly 5 Gaugian magazine. 124 Jewett St., Ansonia, CT 06401 Articles, photos, plans, ads, $26.00 a year; (203) 734-3737 $32.00 outside USA. Sample copy, $5.75. Sn3 Modeler magazine, semi-annual; great plans, photos, features. $11.00 a year; $17.00 outside USA. Sample copy, $5.75. Other books for your railroad library: Gilpin Gold Tram, 116-page hardbound, 120 illuslra­ lions, of 2·foot·gauge ore-hauling lines at Central Ci­ ty, Colorado. $32.95 and $3.00 postage. Logging Railroads of South Carolina by Thomas Fetters details this state's numerous logging lines with maps, text, photos and drawings. Plenty of Shays, Heislers and odd·bali equipment! Great modeling ideas! $42.95 and $2.75 postage; $6 foreign . • Complete line of 100% latex rubber molds. Trains of America by Don Heimburger is 204 pages, • Hydrocal rock castings & tunnel portals. 10" by 11 " hardbound leaturing nearly 400 superb, large color photos 01 85 U.S. railroads! $43.95 and • Envirotex - the odorless way to make water. $2.75 postage; $6 loreign. Stainless Steel Walkways • Staining Kits - the ultimate in scenery Rio Grande Narrow Gauge Recollections by John staining. with brass details for the Norwood, 272·page hardbound, 250 illustrations, 28 • Scenery Video - covers from plywood to chapters giving John's personal account 01 the Rio A-Line Husky Stock Cor pouring water. Grande. A sequel to John's lirst Rio Grande book! • Woodland Scenics Products. $39.95 and $2.75 postage; add $6 loreign. #151 $7.75 each • Hodgdon wood craftsmen building kits. Along the East Broad Top, 248 pages hardbound, 350 illustrations, $39.95 and $2.75 postage; $6 AY(liloble 01 your Iocol deoler or direct. (Add $1.50 s&H) • Custom painted New Haven (slock varies). foreign. Serld on SSAE fO( complete product newsleU er • Water tanks for building rooftops. Wabash, 320-page hardbound with 550 photos 01 this Dealers welcome proud Midwest railroad. $39.95 and $2.75 postage; DEALER INQUIRIES WELCOMED. $6 foreign. Plano Model Products SEND LS.A.S.E.IDOUBlE STAMP) lor FREE CATALOG. Victory Branch Railroad of Vermont-chronicles 2701 W. 15th . St. the history olthe 1'·mile branch of the 51. Johnsbury Suite 113 and Lake Champlain that ran between 1863 and 1917. Plano, TX 75075 Softbound. $8.95 and $2.00 postage. Spirit of the South Shore. 8o-page illustrated. Har(j. bound, $22.95 and $2.75; $6 foreign. 'rour Introduction to S Gauge-This 72-page softbound features articles, photos, plans. $6.95 and $2.50 postage. Sn3 Modeling-A 9&page softbound with numerous how-to articles. pllolos and plans. $11.95 and S2.50 postage. Building & Operating Model RR's-A 12().page softbound delailing18 ditferent S scale layouts in text, track diagrams and photos. More than 200 photos. $9.95 arid $2.50 postage. Fiddletown & Copperopolis, $9.95 and $2.00 softbound. A.C. Gilbert's Herltage-I64·pag8 history of this fascinating company and the AF trains they made. Softbound, $14.95 and The Easy Way to Electrify $2.00 postage; hardbound, 522.95 and $2.75 postage. Catalog 01 SlSn3 Products, 156 pages. $6.75; $9.75 outside USA. Your Model Railroad Layoutl Dealer inquiries invited Heimburger House Publishin9 Co. oUser-friendly, simple language 7236 W. MadIson St. -Over 100 new or revised diagrams Forest Park, IL 60130 oSeven chapters, plus glossary & experts' tips 708-366-1 973 oFor all levels, beginner to advanced -Four-color cover, two color interior 056, 8-1/2 x 11 " pages oCompatible with most systems oReplaces former )Iem # 12, CREATIIIE CLINICS Wiring Your Layout VAllEY FORGE ExPRFSS+ oOnly $4.95 August 1-8, 1993 . See it today ot your locol ATLAS retailer! 609-467-1739 for a new, fREE, Atlos Model Raj/road Products '93 Catalog, send 0 #10 S.A.S.E.152'110: Cololog, ATLAS Model Roilrood Co., Inc., 378 ~ Florence Ave., Hillside, N.J. 07205 U.S.A. ~

74 • Model Railroading April 1993 ' ... _'"'-­-- lyS," FLOQUIL-POLLY S COLOR CORP. 4715 STHWY 30. AMSTERDAM. NY 12010·9204 An r=tE.!!J Company WE'VE MOVED AVAILABLE LIGHTING KIT 7011 ACCESSORIES HO Scale $9.50 Multi-Scale Features: • One piece roof SNC • Base with pilings • 'Side track Industries, Inc. • Handcar 147 CARMEL DRIVE, SUITE 142 • Trailer w. • All styrene CARMEL, IN 46032 Tichy Train Group A MANUFACTURER OF 55 Kennedy Dr. ELECTRONICS FOR HOBBYISTS Hauppauge, NY 11788

.$. f\,~ The World's Finest ~~~.' Track and Layout 9520 E. NapierAve. Benton HOlbor. Mich. 49022 ~~l'P(-RAIL ~0 S . F TWA R E Planning Software ... Available direct and at Quality Model BB-98 2/$2.25 All sCllles Z-G All popular track brands, Including Lionel Railroad Dealers near you, Drawings from teNer to 1:1 size Cali for information regarding where Plan using sctusl tnlck dimensions! Growing libraries of accessorles,scenery, and to purchase your copy! other Items! Runs on 811 popular 286, 386, and 486 PC's HobbyNet Enterprises, Inc. with mouse Coprocessor recommended for 286, 386 * 1904 Jackson Av •. machines $99 • 95 Ann Arbor, MI 48103-4064 HO Scale New version Includes elevations, overhead • Include. 800-999-1889 wire, and much, much, more. •. track library FAX 313-761-2948 Bell with Bracket of your choice Dealer & Distributor Inquires Invited '- brass lost wax casting

April 1993 Model Railroading • 75 DRY TRANSFERS!!! '" INIH';X ON-A-DUSK " &i1n HO and A research tool for MRR enthuiasts WE HAVE THEM! 100% menu-driven software scaus 52.000+ FOR H N SCALE: records for magazine Artkle C'Oolents. COAL HAULING RAILROADS . Database provides location of modeVprolotype DPeco Trackage - Ratio Buildings photos. book/product/video reviews, & loo's Kestrel Buildings - Busch Scenics of other modeling topics of interest to MRR's. Buzzwords include 1200+ roadnames, rolling Circuit Works Conductive Materials stock, scenery, structures, trackplans, kilbashcs, Beli-Beco Lighting Fixtures - Merit Figures cale dwgs, scratchbldg, wbeel arrangements, etc. TNT Monorails - No-Solder Terminals View or pr int -publication, dale. page, sUbjecl, Tracksetta Track Templates· Invis-A-Mount­ contents, markings, scale & sllDrt description-, AVAILABLE IN N, HO, S, and 0 Undertable Mount for Peco Switch Machines Runs under DOS - 10 megabytes storage req'd lndicate ~ N Dri"e 1.2 or 1.4 Floppy c-o -slettering ltd_ F&H ENTERPRISES Upgrades will be available semi-annually. P.0.(Io.18003 CITYVIEW $34.95 includes ship/hand, dbase program N E PEA~ ONTARIO KZGSW2 7501 McFadden Avenue & Huntington Beach, CA 92647 M AGAZlNE I NDEX TRANSCRIPTION E f'.'TERPRlSE 4 SlK!sbury Road South Toms Rive r NJ OH1Si Send SASE or Fax 714-894-4954 Me your local Hobby Retailer or call (908}236-1300

"HUSKY-STACK" ____ Lots to see in '93 BRAND NEW "TWIN-STACK" ALL STYRENE STRUCTURES "THRALL 40'/45'" Custom and S;gn,Galore Aeadymade signs When it comes to "'nnovaNVB 'nIBrmoda'~ and Window Items only A-Une offers the variety, quality, ease of assembly, and fidelily-Io-protolype demanded by y.ou, the inlermodal modeler. • Many Readymade Items, more on the way 10 sheets of Business signs Ask your dealer to show you the complete line of HO scale double-stack cars, 6 sheets of street signs exira-detail kils & stack car decals 12 sheets of Windows & "Insides· made in the U.S.A. 7 sheets of AA Co. signs by A-line. 2 sheets of BllIboard signs A-LINE "Available In all scales I---..j. -Send LSAE lor brochure and ordering Inlo P.O. BOX 7916 LA VERNE, CA 91750-7916 SignsGalore ,I HO-IO $75 N-IO TBA Now illustrated catalog a vaiJabJ8 for $3.00 (postpaid) 1311 French Hom Lane, Reston, VA 22091 The corrugaled metal (also ava ilable in "wood boord l lyrenc" siding) Truck Dump Tipple i ~ a replica of Ihe i\Jl(?[ No.2 Min e. in i\(1I ~ l e rdam. Ohio. • Aulhentic Protolypes • Pre-cut Components • Grandt Line Windows • Central Valley Stairs WATER TOWERS· BRIDGES STEEL TRUSSES c::--=_~_ COALING TOWERS • FLATCAR LOADS· ETC . . . / 1 All this and much more can be created from the same beautiful detailed girders used in the popular Central Valley Pratt Truss Bridge Kit. These same black styrene girders are available in packages of ten 6" pieces of three styles of girders - 60 inches 01 each style - 180" total. See them at your hobby

shop or order direct. S.nd SASE lOt FREE delall,d Ulalog Ihullo :

HO-20 $60 N-20 $45

11 0-20 & N 20 replicates:i ~o al dea ler allhe Se.xl0n Lum ­ ber Co.• in Nic hols. NY. Includes a spcc l a~ ula r 3 color rub on sign from Gn:g Komar Signs & Designs_ loads for Atheam, MDe, Con Cor, Tichy, Varney, Train

ACCUr.llC modds of genui ne induSlrialtfCasures that arc Miniature or now Walters, Eastern C~r W~r1

76 • Model Railroading April 1993 ,...... ThAIN STATION PRODUCTS

DIVISION OF QUALITY- WRIGHT CORPORATION

KIT #400/401 KIT #410/412 KIT #414/416 Diaphragms lor Amfleel, Melroliner, Superliner. Superliner Passenger Car Trucks w/o Wheels. Outside Swing Hanger Passenger Car Trucks w/o some Heritage passenger cars. Fits ConCor and other Superliner passenger cars. Wheels (41 -CUDO) 1 pair (KiI400) ...... $2.95 t pair(KiI410) ...... $ 7,95 1 pair (Kit414) . . . $ 8.95 3 pair (KiI401) ...... $7.95 3 pair (Kit 412) ...... $21.95 3 pair (Kit 416) ...... $23.95 Please see your local dealer for these products. TRAIN STATION PRODUCTS, P.O. BOX 32, DUBLIN, OH 43017.

ORIGINAL PAINTED WE DO WINDOWS! SCENIC BACKGROUNDS Flush Fitting Windows for Rail Power, Athearn, M.D.C. and Bowser Yes! There is an alternative 20 Styles - Fit 31 Different to stock printed landscapes! Locos and Cabooses 50s, GPs, SWs, Dash 8s, U-Boats Custom painted scenery designed for your layout, to your specificati ons. Painted on durable mylar, each scene is original arlo-flO two are alike! Send $1.00 and large SASE for color brochure to: George Sanso, 5046 Lakeness Rd., Poulsbo, WA 98370 "SATISFACTION (206) 779-2095 GUARANTEED" !!!!~ Send LSSAE for Info P.o. Box 25224M Rochester, NY 14625 Dealer Inquiries Welcome We've gol Ihe 'RIGHT' Coupler for you! Magne-Matic""Universal T -Shank Couplers

For that realistic appearance and unmatched performance, couple up with one of these conversion packages. Our Universal T- #1128 Shank Couplers are J!.t designed to fit into Short Length existing Flexible Split one-piece draft .255 I N_ gear boxes. It's the #1129 WITH quick and easy way to mount Mlcro- Tralns® N-Scale Magne-Matic® Couplers to your ATLAS, BACHMANN & CON-COR Freight Cars and .275 IN. Locomotives, Plus KATOS NEW GENERATION PASSENGER CARS. #1130~ GOO'Ht~ l 'I" I . ",I ':01 'III Long Length I ~ .345 IN. ONLY $4,65 each MICRO­ @1 993, Micro-Trains® Une Co. P.O. Box 1200·351 Rogue River Parkway TRAINS® LIN E C1993 Wm. K. Wohhel"l. Inc. Talent, Oregon 97540-1200 U.S.A.

April 1993 Model Railroading • 77 ADVERTISING INDEX IT's a SECRET! APRIL 1993 Those old KMT brass diesels are supposed to run! They just need minor corrective surgery to replace the cracked axle gears in A-line Proto-Power West ...... 76 most instances - with the NWSL #100-6 (4 axles, $14.95) or #101-6 (6 axle, AMI Instant Railbed ...... 73 SI9.95) kits available at hobby shops. These kits also provide more efficiency, Athearn ...... 71 lower speed, smoother performance for operating KMT diesels and some Atlas Model RR Co ...... 74 electrics (such as ALCO Models Little Joe with diesel type gearboxes). CDS Lettering ...... 76 Central Valley ...... 76 Aww Shucks .... The Secrets out! Des Plaines...... 73 NINo', anybody tbat cao read imINo'S tbe"), can buy tbose old, non-running KMT brass diesels Details West ...... 73 imported under various brands sucb as ALeO, RedBall, TRAINS, lIaUmari<, elc. and Diesel Era ...... 70 make them ruD better than ncw. Eastern Car Works ...... 73 F&H Enterprises ...... 76 If the motor bas given Floquil-Polly S Color Corp ...... 75 up, 3n NWSlJSagami Heimburger HoUSe ...... 74 #18363-9 or for wide HobbyNet Enter, Inc ...... 75 body units #22401-9 Hobbytown of Boston ...... 73 will provide tbe quiet, Howard's Hobby ...... 74 smooth pcmcr you'll Industrial Heritage ...... 76 love! Jesse Jones Industries ...... 73 And replace those stiff. inefficient or failed old couplings with C&)'-l~USC NWSL Kadee Quality Products ...... 72 precision universal couplings - #490-6 (S295 ea) or #481-6 (SL95 cal K&S Engineering ...... 72 Mag. Index Trans. Enter...... 76 Marker light Trains ...... 73 Master Creations ...... 80 Micro Engineering ...... 72 =C~::&€ ((8 Microscale Industries ...... 78 Complete product list -$1.00. Full line 80 pg. iIIus. catalog -$7 including 1 sl class postage Micro-Trains Line Co ...... 77 Qua~ty & economy from your bobby shop & Model Die Casting ...... 73 Box 423 Mr. Plaster ...... ,.. 76 NorthWest Short Line Seattle WA 98111 USA NMRA Bulletin ...... 70 NorthWest Short Line ...... 78 o Gauge RR...... " ...... ,.. " ...... ,, 71 Plano Model Products ...... 74 Rai l Power Products ...... 71 Rocky Mountain Publishing ...... 2, 79 Run8 ...... ,., ...... 77 George Sanso ...... 77 Signs Galore ...... 76 SNC Industries ...... 75 ~~ ~-..: - - - -- Tichy Train Group ...... 75 Train Station ...... 77 Utah Pac~ic ...... 75 WHEN YOU WANT, WHAT YOU WANT, THE WAY YOU Walthers ...... 71, 77 WANT IT... MAKE IT WITH MICROSCALE DECALS

I DECALS ARE NOW AVAILABLE IN N, HO, S, 0 & G SCALES. NEW MICROSCALE DECALS IN ALL SCALES ARE PRODUCED EVERY MONTH. YOUR HOBBY DEALER HAS ALL THE COLORFUL DETAILS. ~ ~ When contacting advertisers, . MICRO fLAT MlCRQ GLOSS and new MICRO SATIN. MICROSCALE's Model Ing Coatings are back, after a year and a half In development. and are better than ever. The tell them Micro Coatings' water reducible acrylic formula now features a fast drying crystal clear coat­ that enhanees your model for the ulllmate In finishing raallsm. Additionally these essen­ you saw tlallngredlents of the MICROSCALE MODEL RNISHING SYSTEM are non-yellowing, no color , shift, and are scratch resistant to really protecl your models, while you create the most their ad in ; tic model you can make. This Is truly the model finish for the 90's.

Model Railroading. Mlerosca~ InduS1lWl, Inc . I \~~~~\~~i~~~caI ,a'og! 1555 PIKenll1 AVI. In Cross-Reference $4.00 pp N_portBlach,CA92663 Dept. R at your Dealer ~ A

78 • Model Railroading April 1993 r----- A GREAT OPPORTUNITY for model railroading enthusiasts to get TWO OF THESE BOOKS (or 12 BACK ISSUES of Moclel Railroading Magazine) --- ABSOLUTELY FREE! For just $81.00 ($1 02.00/US for foreign orders) you will receive 3 YEARS OF MODEL RAILROADING MAGAZINE, plus 2 FREE BOOKS or 12 FREE BACK ISSUES! If you are a current subscriber, this offer is extended to you too! Just indicate your order for another three years of this great magazine, and we'll add them to your existing subscription! SEE OUR NOVEMBER 1992 ISSUE FOR THE COMPLETE MODEL RAILROADING BACK ISSUE INDEX!

THEIlUTOf THENSCALE MODEL IWUIOADING BUILDING YOUR 1IOOfI.1IAIROADfjG'$ GUIDE TO IIOOfI.IIAIUIOADIWO MODEL RAILROADING WITH ATII£ARN NEXT IIOOfI. IIODEUIIG' DETWNG DIESELS MAGAZINE'S TRACK PUNS MANUAL LOCOII011VES AND CARS IWUIOAD YOl.1 96 pages. $8.95 96 pages. $8.95 1()() pages. $9.50 92 pages. $9.95 88 pages. $9.95

Available at your local hobby dealer

or send order and check payable to: RAILWAY EXPRESS: THE NORfOU(' AN OVERVIEW WB!EIIN RAILWAY: 128 pages. $12.95 WlULlIISON ROCKY MOUNTAIN PUBLISHING, INC. TEIIIIIIW. -1153 2929 BLAKE STREET 132 pages. $12.95 DENVER, COLORADO 80205 ALLOW 4 TO 6 WEEKS FOR DELIVERY. 303·292·0124 Colorado Residents add 3.8% sales tax. 800·736·0427 Denver Residents add 7.3% sales tax. Please include $2.25 for shipping and handling. FAX 303·295·6477 For individual shipments outside U.S. add $3.50.