Composição Da Voz a Construção Do Personagem Em Frank Sinatra Está Resfriado, De Gay Talese

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Composição Da Voz a Construção Do Personagem Em Frank Sinatra Está Resfriado, De Gay Talese Universidade de Brasília Faculdade de Comunicação Departamento de Jornalismo Composição da Voz A construção do personagem em Frank Sinatra está resfriado, de Gay Talese Gabriela Caixeta Alcuri Pedro Guilherme Bastos Menezes BRASÍLIA 2013 2 Universidade de Brasília Faculdade de Comunicação Departamento de Jornalismo Composição da Voz A construção do personagem em Frank Sinatra está resfriado, de Gay Talese Gabriela Caixeta Alcuri Pedro Guilherme Bastos Menezes Monografia apresentada ao Curso de Jornalismo da Faculdade de Comunicação, Universidade de Brasília, como requisito parcial para obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Comunicação Social. Orientador: Paulo Paniago BRASÍLIA 2013 3 Universidade de Brasília Faculdade de Comunicação Departamento de Jornalismo Trabalho de conclusão de curso ____/____/_____ BANCA EXAMINADORA ___________________________________ Professor Dr. Paulo Paniago (Orientador) ___________________________________ Professora Dra. Liziane Guazina ___________________________________ Professor Dr. Sérgio de Sá ___________________________________ Professor Dr. Luiz Martins da Silva (Suplente) BRASÍLIA 2013 4 A nossos pais e professores (e à vovó Margarida). 5 Agradecimentos Agradecemos, em primeiro lugar, aos nossos pais, José Roberto Alcuri Jr. e Pedro Neves Menezes, e às nossas mães, Simone Maria Caixeta Alcuri e Sandra Maria Bastos Menezes. Graças a vocês pudemos escolher o que fazer com os quatro anos de universidade. Pelo carinho e amor incondicional, muito obrigado. Aos nossos irmãos, Guilherme Caixeta Alcuri, Pedro Henrique Bastos Menezes e Maria Luísa Bastos Menezes: pelo apoio (mesmo que do outro lado do mundo), por dividir o computador, por não jogar videogame (e sair do Netflix, no caso da Lulu) enquanto estávamos escrevendo este trabalho – obrigado. Nosso muito obrigado também aos amigos de curso, que nos acompanharam nas longas horas de aulas duplas de ICom e nesses oito semestres que, no fim, duraram tão pouco. A André Vaz, Monique Rodrigues, Dario Joffily, Raphael Sandes, Cintia Nani, Camila Rodrigues, Letícia Jábali, João Bosco, Rogerio Verçoza, Isabela Bonfim, Marina Baldoni, Ivan Sasha, Rafaella Felix, Rafaela Lima, Roberta Pinheiro. A todos esses e tantos outros que nos acompanharam em reuniões de pauta de duas a três horas, coberturas no domingo pela manhã e cervejas depois do fechamento. E, é claro, àqueles que sempre nos cobraram pré-apuração, esforço de reportagem e texto impecável: obrigado a todos os professores do curso de Comunicação Social da Universidade de Brasília. Especialmente, aos que nos ensinaram que podemos, com cuidado e coragem, desconstruir a pirâmide invertida: Paulo Paniago, Sérgio de Sá, Liziane Guazina e Luiz Martins. Obrigado também aos maravilhosos professores do Departamento de Teoria Literária: Piero Eyben e Elizabeth Hazin, que nos (re)ensinaram a ler aquilo que mais amamos. *** 6 Obrigada aos meus avôs, Pedro Ferreira Caixeta e José Roberto Alcuri, e às corajosas a mulheres que se casaram com eles: Margarida Maria Caixeta e Maria Bernadete Gama Alcuri – por me apoiarem não importasse qual fosse o sonho. À Jussara Carla, prima a qual chamo tia e que é como mãe, por infundir em mim, desde sempre, o desejo pelo saber e a determinação para multiplicar as horas do dia. Muito obrigada a Alice Dias, Ana Beatriz Camargo, Bárbara Isquierdo, Camila Lourenço, André Gianni, Amanda Paiva e Raissa Procópio – pelos Happy Hours, churrascos, festas e loucuras. Vocês foram a experiência universitária. Obrigado a Bruno Gomes Fonte Bôa, pelas cervejas, chácaras, e discussões (musicais, literárias, audiovisuais, pseudo-filosóficas-etílicas e tudo o mais); e a Pedro Soares Santos, monarquista inveterado, exímio presenteador de livros e amigo inconteste (e aquele 176 que não se esquece?). À Facto – Agência de Comunicação, especialmente a Max Valarezo, Monique Rodrigues, Otávio Andrade, Nathalia Zôrzo, Karoline Marques, Julia Lugon, Eduardo Barretto, Henrique Albuquerque, Rafael Gontijo e Gabriel Freire. Me ensinaram a dar passos de peso, a ir de mãos dadas. Obrigada pelas reuniões, feedbacks, oportunidades e ensinamentos. Obrigada por serem o lugar onde eu mais aprendi e mais me senti segura nesses quatros anos de Universidade. 7 Ao povo da Bratislavia: Vitor Sacramento, Vanessa Miranda, Marcus Gesteira, Alisson Asevedo, José R. Moreira, Jonathan Paulino, Serenna Alves, Diego Sacramento e Maysa Meirelles Casella, por tão duradoura, divertida e rica amizade. E, é claro, obrigada a Pedro Menezes – com quem dividi dois anos, outros dois, 110 páginas de Frank-Talese e o amor do resto de uma vida. E obrigado a Gabriela Alcuri – que me acompanha desde o primeiro semestre, que me deu motivos a mais para ir a UnB todos os dias e com quem encerro um (de muitos) momentos da vida. *** Agradecemos, por fim, à Universidade de Brasília (UnB) – instituição que já deixa saudades – e a todas as pessoas que fazem eternamente parte dela: da tia dos doces ao Chiquinho, passando pelo Edson do SAA e pelos moços simpáticos da xerox. E ao pedacinho dela que é tão importante para nós: à Faculdade de Comunicação e todo o seu corpo de funcionários, especialmente a Seu Isaias, ao Rogério, ao Junior e à Hadassa (melhor monitora!). Foram quatro anos de aprendizado pelos quais seremos gratos por tantos outros mais. 8 Só existe uma receita – ter o maior cuidado na hora de cozinhar. Henry James Você não precisa de um lead para contar uma história. Gay Talese É não ficção. É reportagem-factual. É maravilhoso. Gay Talese 9 Resumo Resumo: o objetivo deste trabalho é mostrar como o jornalista e escritor norte- americano Gay Talese constrói o personagem de Frank Sinatra no perfil Frank Sinatra está resfriado, publicado em 1966 pela revista Esquire. Fazemos isso após estudo teórico sobre personagens literários, jornalísticos e perfilados; além de estudarmos a construção do personagem, o escritor de não ficção e as fronteiras que existem entre pessoa e personagem. A respeito de Frank Sinatra está resfriado, tratamos da apuração e de fatos biográficos do cantor os quais Talese utiliza ao longo do perfil. Tudo isso para, ao fim, expormos como as técnicas literárias, os personagens secundários e o narrador jornalístico compõem o Frank Sinatra de tinta e papel. Palavras chave: jornalismo literário; Novo Jornalismo; perfil; Frank Sinatra está resfriado; Gay Talese; personagem. Abstract: the goal of this paper is to show how the american journalist and nonfiction writer Gay Talese builds the character of Frank Sinatra in the profile Frank Sinatra has a cold, published in 1966 by the Esquire magazine. This is done after a theoretical study about literary characters, journalistic characters and profiled people; besides, we studied the construction of the character, the nonfiction writer and the limits that exist between a person and a character. In Frank Sinatra has a cold, we studied the process of research of the profile and the biographical facts about the singer that Talese uses through the profile. All this to, in the end, expose how the literary techniques, the secondary characters and the journalistic narrator compose the ink and paper Frank Sinatra. Keywords: literary journalism; New Journalism; profile; Frank Sinatra has a cold; Gay Talese; character. 10 Sumário Apresentação ............................................................................................................... 12 1 Referencial teórico-metodológico ........................................................................ 16 1.1 Metodologia ........................................................................................................................................ 16 1.2 Jornalismo literário & Novo Jornalismo .................................................................................. 17 1.3 Perfil ...................................................................................................................................................... 22 1.4 Narratologia ........................................................................................................................................ 24 1.5 Técnicas literárias ........................................................................................................................ 25 2 Personagem .................................................................................................................. 29 2.1 Personagem literário ...................................................................................................................... 29 2.1.1 Modo de fazer ........................................................................................................................................... 34 2.2 Personagem jornalístico e perfilado ......................................................................................... 36 2.2.1 Escritor de não ficção ........................................................................................................................... 39 2.3 Pessoa e personagem ...................................................................................................................... 43 3 Frank Sinatra está resfriado .................................................................................... 48 3.1 Apuração .............................................................................................................................................. 49 3.2 Perfil e biografia ............................................................................................................................... 53
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