DIGEST No. 36, DECEMBER 1963
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DIGEST No. 36 , DECEMBER 1963 • PRINT E.O B Y THE DOMINION PRFSS. 62 C ARRIN GTON ROAD . Bo x H ILL. V IC T ORIA ... \ AVIATION SAFETY DIGEST I No. 36 DECEMBER, 1963 J Prepared in the Division of Air Safety Investigation Department of Civil Aviation, Commonwealth of Australia Contents Page Pl·LO'T, S- .' Power Lines and Pilots ..... Search and Rescue A lerting 3 Disabled Constellation ditches in North Atlantic 4 Power Lines Clai m Another Cessna ..... 8 Careless C leaning - Corroded Connection 10 Do n't Be A H ero 11 Engine Controls - The Insurance Value of Good Maintenance 12 Cross-Monito r Take-off and Approach 15 Pilo t Reporting of " Hazards" 15 Attempted Three-E ngine Go-around proves Fatal, H o nolulu, Hawaii ..... ··---· ..... 16 A Spraying A ircraft and Telephone Wires ... .. 18 Trouble Co mes in Ones ..... 19 Co-incidental D efects cause E mergency Landing ..... 20 Collisio ns with '·po wer and telephone l iues un MARK THESE LINES fo rtunately continue lo be a regular and far too Frost ..... 22 frequent fea ture of aircraft accidents in Australia. Plot the position oE a ll power lines o n your area In the last five years there have been 90 occasions master map. Success Story A Bush Pilers Airways Cessna 23 of collisions with overhead wires and, in t h.i s D igest calling at Dotswood station in Before leaving base, ring the Power Boa rd and alone, we carry the stories of two such accidents. find out what power lines a re in the area and North Queensland. Faulty F uel Management causes DC4 Crash, Dublin, Ireland 24 The same problem exists in New Zealand a nd, whether any new ones are being erected there . (A11.11 ralia11 N ell's and l nforma because of this, the A ccidents Investigatio n Branch Survey the area from a safe height before you lio n B11reau) Safely Ha rness inertia Locks ...... 27 of the Civil Aviation Administration of New Zea land a t the strip and begin the day's work. land produced an interesting little book entitled Make a ground reconnaisance and note .the run "Powerlines and Pilots". T he book concludes with of the power Jines. Excepl for Ilia/ ma/erial which is i11dica1ed to be extracted fro m or based on 01101/rer publication, in which case tire authority two sho rt summaries the fi rst-mark these lines Ask the farmer abo ut the power lines in his area. of tire o riginator should be sough!, tire material contained herein may be freely reproduced i11 publications in/ended primarily being directed to agricultural pilo ts and the second He m ay be able to tell you about other collision for cirrnlatio 11 i11 tire A viatio11 Industry. All otlra publicatio 11 , whether by tire printed word, radio, or television , must lravl' lo Clubs and Private P ilots. We believe that they hazards you a re not aware of. tire prior approval of tire Department of Civil A via11 0 11. are worth repeating. Plan the whole operation in advance and try as DECE MB ER, 1 9 b 3 far as practicable to make your runs parallel with (b) You have immediately invited CAA to sus the wires. pend or cancel your flying licence and to pre SEARCH AND RESCUE ALERTING Carefully note any upward slope in the wires and fe r charges against you in an action at law. plan, in that event, to make each run a little higher A nd don't forget that penalties imposed on In the follow-up of incidents which have involved the declaration of a SAR phase we have than the last one. the guilty are much more severe than they occasionally been queried by pilots and operators as to whether the circumstances of the particular You must be able to see two consecutive poles used to be. event warranted declaration of a SAR phase. This same thought may have crossed the minds of other not just one pole- to determine the run or slope of the power lines. ( c) The dependents of the people you have killed pilots. If your runs must cross the wires don't make or injured are certain to claim heavy com The objectives of the Search and Rescue organisation are to assist aircraft in distress and to steep turns onto a reciprocal heading after sowing. pensation from you for their losses. locate and rescue survivors of aircraft accidents. The key to the effective realization of these objectives You may stall, lose height and collide with the (d) The owner of the aircraft is bound to sue is in the efficient operation of an alerting service which will ensure the earliest practicable recognition wires on yo ur return to the strip. you for the replacement cost because, by Always have a predetermined escape route which your stupid act, you have rendered the insur of the possible need for SAR action. will take you away from the power lines if an ance cover on the aircraft null and void. To this end, a precise table has been prepared covering the nature of emergencies which may occur emergency arises. Avoid making sowing runs with the sun in your (e) You have invited third parties to seek to re and the relative times at which action should be taken. These actions are implemented through the eyes. cover legally the cost of repairs to or replace declaration of "SAR Phases" - Uncertainty, Alert and Distress - which reflect successive degrees of If yo u cannot see or you suddenly realise that you ment of property damaged in the accident. concern, namely, doubt, apprehension and a certainty of the need for assistance. The declaration of each have been forgetting about those wires, stop im (f) You have destroyed or damaged a valuable successive phase carries with it the responsibility for execution of actions appropriate to that phase and mediately and think. Better to abandon the job fo r asset, so depriving its owner of substantial the service is thus progressively geared to meet a real emergency. the time being than to carry on and forget once too revenue and he may well seek to recover often. from you an appropriate sum in compensa Inherent in this system is the belief that it is better to treat every case of abnormal operation as Between strips and when proceeding to and from tion. a potential SAR event rather than to underestimate the situation even though, as a consequence, the base, fly at regul ation height- not top-dressing level. SAR service must necessarily suft'er a large number of false alarms in ensuring that it does not miss out (g) You have deprived fellow club members of Pass on every bit of local knowledge gained dur on one real emergency. ing a dressing operation. Your fellow-pilots wi ll the continuing use of an aircraft and the en appreciate it. joyment they, as law abiding people, could Within this context it must be appreciated that the "uncertainty phase" merely indicates that the be expected to get from it. situation is not completely clear, that doubt therefore exists as to the safety of the aircraft and that, FOR CLUB AND PRIVATE PILOTS (h) It may be next to impossible for the owner, consequently, the SAR organisation should keep a Close watch on the developing situation. It does not Regulations governing flying activities are such on account of import restrictions, to replace necessarily mean that someone has committed some error or that there is, in fact, an established emer that if you abide by them it is difficult for you to or repair the aircraft at all-and the small gency. ATC and Communications Units becoming aware of any abnormal situation are required to assess one-plane club could easily go into recess on have a collision with power lines, even if you want the situation and declare the appropriate phase, thus alerting the SAR organisation, but, by the same account of what you have done. to. But just consider this for a moment. You have token, when doubts are eliminated the same units will immediately cancel the phase. broken the rules deliberately by flying low and (i) You will, if you have survived, carry an un have had an accident. Where do you stand now? pleasant stigma with you for the rest of your In summary therefore, even though knowledge of other factors may tend to promote the belief (a) If you have not been killed yourself, you may flying days. But you may not have any more ... that all is well, the appropriate SAR phase will be declared as the first step of the SAR procedure, unless have killed or injured others and/ or involved - you may be incapacitated for life, or com there is positive knowledge that the aircraft is safe. This is in the best interests of the pilot (and third parties. pletely broke, or both. passengers) and ensures that, in the abnormal situation, the SAR service is promptly geared to provide THINK THESE THINGS OVER, THEN - STICK TO THE RULES the assistance ~hich is its objective. • In all of this we have laid stress on the part played by the ground organisation. However, it must COMMENT be appreciated that, in their own interests, pilots can play a part by themselves declaring a state of Th ese summa ries have been written in the context of New Zealand operations, e.g., the letters emergency or, at least by providing the ground organisation with sufficient information to permit CAA stand for the New Zeala nd C ivil Aviation Admini stration.