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The George Wright Forum Parks Canada at 100: An in-depth look on the evvoJrjMHfcnnial The George Wright Forum The GWS Journal of Parks, Protected Areas & Cultural Sites volume 27 number 2 • 2010 Origins Founded in 1980, the George Wright Society is organized for the pur­ poses of promoting the application of knowledge, fostering communica­ tion, improving resource management, and providing information to improve public understanding and appreciation of the hasic purposes of natural and cultural parks and equivalent reserves. The Society is dedicat­ ed to the protection, preservation, and management of cultural and natural parks and reserves through research and education. Mission The George Wright Society advances the scientific and heritage values of parks and protected areas. The Society promotes professional research and resource stewardship across natural and cultural disciplines, provides avenues of communication, and encourages public policies that embrace these values. Our Goal The Society strives to he the premier organization connecting people, places, knowledge, and ideas to foster excellence in natural and cultural resource management, research, protection, and interpretation in parks and equivalent reserves. Board of Directors Roi.ii DlAMANT, President • Woodstock, Vermont BRENT A. MITCHELL, Vice President • Ipswich, Massachusetts DAVID GRABER, Secretary • Three Rivers, California JOHN WAITHAKA, Treasurer • Ottawa, Ontario BRADBARR • Woods Hole, Massachusetts MELIA LANE-KAMAHELE • Honolulu, Hawaii SUZANNE LEWIS • Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming FRANK J. PRIZNAR • Gaithershurg, Maryland JAN W. VAN WAGTENDONK • El Portal, California ROBERT A. WlNTREE • Anchorage, Alaska Graduate Student Representative to the Board REBECCA E. STANFIELD MCCOWN • Burlington, Vermont Executive Office DAVID HARMON, Executive Director EMILY DEKKER-FIALA, Conference Coordinator P. O. Box 65 • Hancock, Michigan 49930-0065 USA 1-906-487-9722 • infoRYgeorgewright.org • www.georgewright.org Trie George Wrigfit Forum REBECCA CONARD & DAVID HARMON, Editors © 2010 The George Wright Society, Inc. All rights reserved. (No copy­ right is claimed for previously published material reprinted herein.) Editorial and manuscript submission guidelines may he found on our website at www.georgewright.org/forum. Text paper is made of 50% recy­ cled fibers. Printed by Book Concern Printers, Hancock, Michigan. ISSN 0732-4715 The George Wright Society is a member of US/ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites—U.S. Committee) and IUCN, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature. The George Wright Forum The GWS Journal of Parks, Protected Areas & Cultural Sites volume 27 number 2 • 2010 Society News, Notes & Mail • 123 The National Park Service Centennial Essay Series Whose America? Whose Idea? Making "America's Best Idea" Reflect New American Realities John J. Reynolds • 125 The Heart of the Matter: New essential reading on parks, protected areas, and cultural sites The World's Protected Areas: Status, Values, and Prospects in the 21st Century, edited by Stuart Chape, Mark Spalding, and Martin Jenkins Reviewed by David M. Graber • 135 The Parks Canada Agency: Meeting the Needs and Expectations of Canadians John Waithaka, guest editor Parks Canada: Building on Our Strengths to Achieve New Heights Alan Latourcllc • 138 Filling in the Gaps: Establishing New National Parks Kevin McNamee • 142 Ecological Integrity and Canada's National Parks Stephen Woodley • 15/ Parks Canada's National Historic Sites: Past, Present, and Future Larry Ostola • 16/ National Marine Conservation Areas—Extending Parks Canada's Reach into Canada's Oceans and Great Lakes Doug Yurick • 170 Setting the Stage for Visitor Experiences in Canada's National Heritage Places EdJagcr and Anniquc Sanche • 180 Mobilizing Support for Canada's National Treasures Daniel Rosset • 19/ Canada's Northern National Parks: Unfragmented Landscapes, Unforgettable Experiences, Wilderness, and Spiritual Homeland David Murray • 202 Parks Canada Science: Providing Knowledge for Better Service to Canadians John Waithaka • 2J3 Two Paths One Direction: Parks Canada and Aboriginal Peoples Working Together Steve Langdon, Rob Prosper, Nathalie Gagnon • 222 International Engagement: Enhancing the Global Parks Agenda Marc Johnson and John Pinkerton • 234 On fhe cover Kayakers at Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, British Columbia. Photo used by permission of Parks Canada. © Parks Canada /J. McCulloch. 122 The George Wright Forum SOCIETY NEWS, NOTES & MAIL Abstracts for GWS2011 being accepted through September 30 Details are beginning to come together for the 2011 conference in New Orleans. We have put together an exciting line-up of plenary sessions and are beginning work on a slate of field trips and community-service opportunities. Proposals are now being accepted for a papers, sessions, and other presentations. The deadline for abstracts is September 30. Everything is explained on the conference website: http://www.georgewright.org/gws2011. New NPS/GWS cooperative agreement reached; Mitchell assumes vice presidency In June the Society completed negotiations with the National Park Service and signed a new five-year cooperative agreement. The new agreement focuses specifically on the GWS bien­ nial conferences, and will provide financial support to the planning of the conferences as well as to our scholarship programs to help minority students and Native practitioners to attend. The Society has had a cooperative agreement with the National Park Service for many years—since 1995, in fact. These five-year agreements formally establish partnerships that allow for the transfer of money between NPS and nongovernmental organizations like GWS in order to accomplish specific, mutually beneficial tasks. Each of these tasks is spelled out in separate modifications to the base agreement. Under the last agreement, which expired in September 2009, GWS undertook 16 pro­ jects, ranging from our own biennial conferences (including travel scholarships for minority students and Native people) to assistance in World Heritage activities, to the organization of a number of NPS-related professional conferences. All of these projects were successfully completed, on time and within budget. However, the Inspector General's Office of the De­ partment of Interior, as part of larger review on the use of cooperative agreements verses competitive contracts, was asked to look at the scope of work done under this particular agreement. Their report, issued last January, did not document any specific wrongdoing but rather cautioned that there might be in the future the potential appearance of a conflict of interest. This is directly related to a broader discussion within the Department of the Interior on whether Interior employees should be permitted to continue to serve on outside boards of directors. In fact, NPS and all federal employees serving on the GWS Board recuse them­ selves of any involvement in negotiating agreements between GWS and their own respective agencies. On behalf of the GWS Board, Executive Director Dave Harmon wrote to NPS in May to explain why we think it is vital for government employees to serve on boards of profession­ al societies such as the GWS. Whether elected directly or appointed, those federal employ­ ees currently serving on the GWS Board have been entrusted by their peers with advancing the shared professional goals of the Society related to the protection of parks, protected areas, and cultural sites. As of this writing, no final decisions have been made with respect to this issue, but if it should become necessary we are putting together a transition governance plan to keep the Society operating smoothly. We will keep the membership updated as this process continues to unfold. Volume 27 • Number 2 (2010) 123 We also sent a letter to Deputy Secretary of the Interior David Hayes, specifically responding to the Inspector General's report. In the letter we pointed out "the long-stand­ ing, mutually beneficial relationship" between NPS and GWS. We explained that the report might be misconstrued by people who did not know the facts and who might automatically assume GWS had done something wrong—which is certainly not the case. To the contrary, all of the projects carried out under the previous agreement served a clear public purpose and involved the substantive involvement of NPS and GWS, both key requirements of coop­ erative agreements. In conclusion, we stated that "we have met and will continue to meet both the letter and the spirit of the cooperative agreement. Through this agreement, and by means of the substantial involvement of both parties, NPS and GWS have accomplished the high public purpose of improving the scientific and scholarly basis of national park manage­ ment. Both organizations can and should be proud of these accomplishments." Separately from these issues, GWS Vice President Stephanie Toothman resigned from the Board effective July 1 in advance of her assuming a new position as associate director for cultural resources for NPS. Later that month the board named Brent Mitchell to fill the posi­ tion of vice president. A board member since 2008, Mitchell is vice president for steward­ ship at QLF/The Atlantic Center for the Environment. 124 The George Wright Forum Whose America? Whose Idea? Making “America’s Best Idea” Reflect New American Realities John J. Reynolds [Ed. note: With this installment we open a conversation in the National Park Service Centen- nial Essay series on the topic of relevancy:
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