Sketches of Printers and Printing
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The Origins of a Free Press in Prerevolutionary Virginia: Creating
Dedication To my late father, Curtis Gordon Mellen, who taught me that who we are is not decided by the advantages or tragedies that are thrown our way, but rather by how we deal with them. Table of Contents Foreword by David Waldstreicher....................................................................................i Acknowledgements .........................................................................................................iii Chapter 1 Prologue: Culture of Deference ...................................................................................1 Chapter 2 Print Culture in the Early Chesapeake Region...........................................................13 A Limited Print Culture.........................................................................................14 Print Culture Broadens ...........................................................................................28 Chapter 3 Chesapeake Newspapers and Expanding Civic Discourse, 1728-1764.......................57 Early Newspaper Form...........................................................................................58 Changes: Discourse Increases and Broadens ..............................................................76 Chapter 4 The Colonial Chesapeake Almanac: Revolutionary “Agent of Change” ...................97 The “Almanacks”.....................................................................................................99 Chapter 5 Women, Print, and Discourse .................................................................................133 -
“Extracts from Some Rebel Papers”: Patriots, Loyalists, and the Perils of Wartime Printing
1 “Extracts from some Rebel Papers”: Patriots, Loyalists, and the Perils of Wartime Printing Joseph M. Adelman National Endowment for the Humanities Fellow American Antiquarian Society Presented to the Joint Seminar of the McNeil Center for Early American Studies And the Program in Early American Economy and Society, LCP Library Company of Philadelphia, 1314 Locust Street, Philadelphia 24 February 2012 3-5 p.m. *** DRAFT: Please do not cite, quote, or distribute without permission of the author. *** 2 The eight years of the Revolutionary War were difficult for the printing trade. After over a decade of growth and increasing entanglement among printers as their networks evolved from commercial lifelines to the pathways of political protest, the fissures of the war dispersed printers geographically and cut them off from their peers. Maintaining commercial success became increasingly complicated as demand for printed matter dropped, except for government printing, and supply shortages crippled communications networks and hampered printers’ ability to produce and distribute anything that came off their presses. Yet even in their diminished state, printers and their networks remained central not only to keeping open lines of communication among governments, armies, and civilians, but also in shaping public opinion about the central ideological issues of the war, the outcomes of battles, and the meaning of events affecting the war in North America and throughout the Atlantic world. What happened to printers and their networks is of vital importance for understanding the Revolution. The texts that historians rely on, from Common Sense and The Crisis to rural newspapers, almanacs, and even diaries and correspondence, were shaped by the commercial and political forces that printers navigated as they produced printed matter that defined the scope of debate and the nature of the discussion about the war. -
From Apprentice to Journeyman to Partner: Benjamin Franklin's Workers and the Growth of the Early American Printing Trade
From Apprentice to Journeyman to Partner: Benjamin Franklin's Workers and the Growth of the Early American Printing Trade The lyf so short, the craft so long to lerne. —Geoffrey Chaucer, "The Parliament of Fowls" ANY APPRENTICES IN THE EARLY American printing trade must have felt as Chaucer's fabled craftsman did. Beginning M at a young age, they commonly spent up to seven years as contractually bound, unpaid laborers. They usually had to promise not to gamble, fornicate, frequent taverns, marry, and buy or sell or divulge secrets of the business. Apprentices worked long hours, often performed menial tasks, and were subjected to beatings—all without pay. Yet apprentices endured the arduous existence because it held for them the promise of eventual self-employment. Their goal was to learn a craft they could practice when their apprenticeship expired.1 The apprenticeship system was essential to the growth of the early American press. Apprenticeships to printers were a means of vocational education that replenished and augmented the craft's practitioners, thus insuring a sufficient supply of skilled labor through which the "art" (special skill) and the "mystery" (special knowledge) of printing 1 For an example of the apprentice's obligations, see Samuel Richardson, The Apprentice's Vade Mecum (1734j reprint ed., Los Angeles, 1975), 2-20. On the menial nature of some tasks, see O. Jocelyn Dunlop and Richard D. Denman, English Apprenticeship and Child Labour: A History (London, 1912), 19-20; Sharon V. Salinger, "To Serve Well and Faithfully": Labor and Indentured Servants in Pennsylvania, 1682-1800 (Cambridge, 1987), 7. -
American Panorama 150 Years of American History 1730 to 1880
CATALOGUE THREE HUNDRED SIXTY-FIVE American Panorama 150 Years of American History 1730 to 1880 WILLIAM REESE COMPANY 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511 (203) 789-8081 A Note This catalogue, presented chronologically, includes 150 items spanning 150 years of American history, from 1730 to 1880. Comprised of books, pamphlets, manu- scripts, prints, maps, and photographs, one item has been selected for each year, helping to tell the multifaceted story of the development of the area that became the United States. Beginning with Herman Moll’s famous “Beaver Map” of the British colonies in America and concluding with an appeal to aid destitute African- American women and children in the post-Reconstruction era, the broad sweep of the American experience over a century and a half is represented. Included are works on politics, colonial development, law, military and diplomatic affairs, travel and exploration, sermons, westward expansion, contemporary historical accounts, scientific studies, improvements in technology and agriculture, images of urban and country life, and items relating to African-Americans (enslaved and free) and Native American tribes. In all, a panoramic view of 150 years of American history. Available on request or via our website are our bulletins as well as recent catalogues 361 Western Americana, 362 Recent Acquisitions in Americana, and 363 Still Cold: Travels & Explorations in the Frozen Regions of the Earth. E-lists, only available on our website, cover a broad range of topics including theatre, education, mail, the Transcontinental Railroad, satire, and abolition. A portion of our stock may be viewed on our website as well. Terms Material herein is offered subject to prior sale. -
Aprons Instead of Uniforms: the Practice of Printing, 1776-1787
Aprons Instead of Uniforms: The Practice of Printing, 1776-1787 ROLLO G. SILVER WE DO NOT think of a master printer as primarily a busi- nessman. Because he controls a major channel of communica- tion, our tendency is to romanticize him while we forget that essentially his chief concern is the same as that of his fellow tradesmen—the bottom line of his balance sheet. In time of war, his hazard is doubled. Then all businessmen face the problems of scarcity, financing, possibility of dislocation, per- haps survival, but the printer also has the government and the public closely involved in his activities. The government uses some of his work and needs all of his support; the public assiduously heeds the opinions expressed in his publications. When the war is a civil war, such as the American Revolu- tion was in part, his predicament is even more hazardous. Maintaining a printing shop despite changes in civil authority requires ingenuity as well as tenacity and, if one holds to one's principles, courage. After all, the printer is a business- man whose stock in trade consists of twenty-six lead soldiers. It is impractical to describe all the aspects of the practice of printing during this period in one chronological narrative. So it is preferable to select those topics which best depict the activities of the printers between 1776 and 1787. These topics include the relationship between printers and the Continental Congress and the relationship between printers and the state legislatures. The expansion of the press must be considered 111 112 American Antiquarian Society as well as the impact of the Revolution on the equipment and personnel of the shop. -
Immigrant Printers and the Creation of Information Networks in Revolutionary America Joseph M. Adelman Program in Early American
1 Immigrant Printers and the Creation of Information Networks in Revolutionary America Joseph M. Adelman Program in Early American Economy and Society The Library Company of Philadelphia A Paper Submitted to ―Ireland, America, and the Worlds of Mathew Carey‖ Co-Sponsored by: The McNeil Center for Early American Studies The Program in Early American Economy and Society The Library Company of Philadelphia, The University of Pennsylvania Libraries Philadelphia, PA October 27-29, 2011 *Please do not cite without permission of the author 2 This paper is a first attempt to describe the collective experience of those printers who immigrated to North America during the Revolutionary era, defined here as the period between 1756 and 1796. It suggests these printers integrated themselves into the colonial part of an imperial communications structure and then into a new national communications structure in order to achieve business success. Historians have amply demonstrated that the eighteenth century Atlantic economy relied heavily on the social and cultural capital that people amassed through their connections and networks.1 This reliance was even stronger in the printing trade because the trade depended on the circulation of news, information, and ideas to provide the raw material for its products. In order to be successful, one had to cultivate other printers, ship captains, leading commercial men, and far-flung correspondents as sources of news and literary production. Immigrants by and large started at a slight disadvantage to their native-born competitors because they for the most part lacked these connections in a North American context. On the other hand, some immigrant printers had an enormous advantage in the credit and networks they had developed in Europe, and which they parlayed into commercial and political success once they landed in North America. -
The Annual Meeting at the Cranbury
www.raritanmillstone.org Volume 22, Issue 2 The Raritan-Millstone Heritage Alliance Spring, 2018 THE ANNUAL MEETING AT THE CRANBURY INN JAMES PARKER and BENJAMIN FRANKLIN Are Topics at April 21, 2018 Annual Meeting By George Dawson Freedom of the press, Colonial style, will be a subject of discussion at the April annual meeting of the Raritan Millstone Heritage Alliance, set for Saturday, April 21, at the Cranbury Inn. Gordon Bond – independent historian, author and lecturer – will speak at the event on Woodbridge-born colonial printer James Parker and his associa- tion with Benjamin Franklin. His title is “My Patron: The Friendship of Benjamin Franklin and James Parker.” Parker – as a prominent publisher in New York City during the turbulent 1750s and 1760s – frequently encoun- tered printing rights issues such as liberty of speech and press, later ensconced in the U.S. Constitution as its first amendment. He was sometimes threatened with jail time, and once was jailed for seditious libel (speaking ill of a government official), the same crime for which German printer John Peter Zenger had been charged in the 1730s, only to win a jury acquittal in 1735 on a finding that it was lawful to speak the truth about government, even if done harshly. Parker, apprenticed to New York printer William Bradford, ran away from him because of mistreatment and trav- eled (presumably walked) to Philadelphia to discuss the printing business with Benjamin Franklin. Ben himself had famously walked (and rowed) from Boston to Philadelphia in 1723. Ben Franklin is assumed by historian John Chambers (who lives in town) to have traveled through Cranbury on his journey, and Parker, quite possibly, did the same four years later. -
Urban Oriented Officeholders in York County, Virginia 1699-1780
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1989 Peopling the Power Structure: Urban Oriented officeholders in York County, Virginia 1699-1780 Linda Hunter Rowe College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Political Science Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Rowe, Linda Hunter, "Peopling the Power Structure: Urban Oriented officeholders inork Y County, Virginia 1699-1780" (1989). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539625492. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-3cm6-mf80 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. PEOPLING THE POWER STRUCTURE: URBAN ORIENTED OFFICEHOLDERS IN YORK COUNTY, VIRGINIA 1699-1780 A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Program in American Studies The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Linda Hunter Rowe 1989 ProQuest Number: 10628110 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 10628110 Published by ProQuest LLC (2017). -
Concealed Authorship on the Eve of the Revolution
CONCEALED AUTHORSHIP ON THE EVE OF THE REVOLUTION: PSEUDONYMITY AND THE AMERICAN PERIODICAL PUBLIC SPHERE, 1766-1776 A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri-Columbia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts By MICHAEL PATRICK MARDEN Dr. Jeffrey L. Pasley, Thesis Supervisor JULY 2009 Copyright by Michael Patrick Marden 2009 All Rights Reserved The undersigned, appointed by the Dean of the Graduate School, have examined the thesis entitled CONCEALED AUTHORSHIP ON THE EVE OF THE REVOLUTION: PSEUDONYMITY AND THE AMERICAN PERIODICAL PUBLIC SPHERE, 1766-1776 Presented by Michael Patrick Marden In candidacy for the degree of Master of Arts And hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Professor Jeffrey L. Pasley Professor Michelle Morris Professor Earnest L. Perry ACKNOWLEDMENTS I have already begun to incur many debts. First, I want to thank my parents Bill and Maggi Marden for their encouragement and unwavering love during this effort. My thanks go out to my sister, Elizabeth Mary Marden, whose good humor saw me through more than one trying moment. I want to thank the members of my committee, Dr. Jeffrey Pasley, to whose work and mind I am deeply indebted, and Dr.’s Michelle Morris and Earnest L. Perry. The feedback I received from you was indispensable. In addition, my thanks go out to the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation who are more than generous to keep their records online and free to the public. Further, the efforts of Readex to find and digitize newspaper ephemera in their Archive of Americana is absolutely brilliant and I happily count myself among the many scholars who have benefited from their efforts. -
The Stamp Act and American Institutional and Economic History
The Stamp Act and American Institutional and Economic History Claire Priest and Justin duRivage1 The American colonial protest against Parliament’s Stamp Act was a seminal moment in the history of American Independence. To date, scholars have focused on colonists’ constitutional objections to the Stamp Act. Yet, the Stamp Act taxed institutional services and, as this Essay describes, the opposition to the Stamp Act also focused on defending low-cost, well-functioning institutions that served local communities. It examines the arguments for and against the Stamp Act as revealing two distinct visions of the role for institutions in economic growth. It suggests that American independence affirmed colonists’ commitment to low-cost locally managed institutions within their developing economy. The British Parliament’s enactment of the Stamp Act of 1765 is widely acknowledged as a starting point for the acceleration of tensions that led to the Declaration of Independence in 1776 (Morgan 1992, pp. 18-28; Wood 2003, pp. 28-36; McConville, p. 249). In the dominant scholarly accounts of the Revolution, the colonial opposition to the Stamp Act centered almost exclusively on ideological and constitutional objections to “taxation without representation.” That is, individual colonists and colonial legislatures rose up against the Act because it violated fundamental constitutional rights by imposing an internal tax when colonists were not directly represented in Parliament (Morgan 1992, pp. 23-38; Wood, pp. 38-44).2 1Professor, Yale Law School and Acting Assistant Professor, Department of History, Stanford University. We are grateful for the comments of Daniel Klerman and Nicholas Parrillo. We thank Steven Pincus, James Livesey and the participants at the Yale University, Mellon/Dundee University, Arts and Humanities Research Centre conference on Finance, Communication and Coordination in Eighteenth-Century Empires. -
C:\Users\Joseph J Felcone\Dropbox\DATA
JOSEPH J. FELCONE INC. Antiquarian Booksellers Since 1972 post office box 366 • princeton, new jersey 08542 usa tel (609 ) 924-0539 • fax (609 ) 924-9078 e-mail felcone @felcone.com • web site www.felcone.com È Rare New Jerseyana BEST EARLY ACCOUNT OF NEW SWEDEN, IN THE ORIGINAL BOARDS 1. ACRELIUS, ISRAEL. Beskrifning om de Swenska församlingars forna och närwarande tilstånd, uti det så kallade Nya Swerige, sedan Nya Nederland, men nu för tiden Pensylvanien, samt nåstliggande orter wid aelfwen De la Ware, Wåst-Yersey och New-Castle County uti Norra America... Stockholm: Harberg & Hesselberg, 1759. 4to. [20], 449 [i.e., 448], 479-533, [1] p. Contemporary paper-covered boards, gold-stamped paper label on spine. Spine and extremities of boards worn, internally near fine. Bookplates. $2500 First edition of the best early account of the Swedish settlements on the Delaware River, and the most comprehensive and accurate history of New Sweden until Amandus Johnson's Swedish Settlements on the Delaware (1911). Acrelius came to America in 1749 as provost of the Swedish churches on the Delaware, and served as pastor of a church in Wilmington until 1756, when he returned to Sweden. A full English translation of the work was published in 1874. This is the first copy we have handled in the original boards, with full wide (202 x 175 mm.) margins and a very minimal amount of browning. Most copies have been trimmed and rebound and exhibit varying degrees of browning. Howes A34; JCB(III) I, 1202; Vail 528; Felcone, New Jersey Books , 1. THE FIRST NEW JERSEY REGISTER 2. -
Holt-Bennett Family History
B H_CP. TN~<//05!? 739 go 3, //79;: ema HV1&§& 34-33 Holt-Bennett Family History Compiled by Margaret Abigail Holt Early _m_ McClAlN PRINTING(OMPANY WITHDRAWN From the Family‘ History Librar)’ The Author Standard Book Number 87012-163-4 Library of Congress Card Number 73-92490 Printed in the United States of America Copyright ©1974 by Margaret Abigail Holt Early Clarksburg, West Virginia All Rights Reserved This book is dedicated to my two daughters, Helen Page Early jones and Mar garet Holt Early Shrews bury, and to their children, Karla Charming jones, Di ana Nelson jones, Richard Evan jones, Charles Winton Shrewsbury, and Steven Holt Shrewsburygand to their descendantswhoping Helen Page Early they will be inspired to car ry on the examples set for them by a wonderfulfather (and grandfather) and his ancestors who have contrib uted so much in the build ing of this nation and by the many Holt and Bennett ancestors whose lives have contributed to it as they passed through. Margaret Holt Early CONTENTS Foreword . ix Preface . Xi Origin of the Name Holt in England . 1 Ancestors and Descendants ofjohn Holt of Bunker Hill (1769-1853) . 3 Children of John and Susanna Cobun Holt . 16 James Cobun Holt and His Descendants . 17 Jonathan Holt (1800-1879) and His Descendants . 23 Louise Holt (1803) and Her Descendants . 40 Sabina Holt (1805) and Her Descendants . 41 Mathew Holt (1807-1866) and His Descendants . 46 John Fletcher WesleyHolt and His Descendants . .105 Thomas Holt and His Descendants . .11 1 Nancy Ann Holt and Her Descendants . .112 Samuel Holt and His Descendants .