The Origins of a Free Press in Prerevolutionary Virginia: Creating
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' ' ., ,�- NONIMPORTATION AND THE SEARCH FOR ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE IN VIRGINIA, 1765-1775 BRUCE ALLAN RAGSDALE Charlottesville, Virginia B.A., University of Virginia, 1974 M.A., University of Virginia, 1980 A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Corcoran Department of History University of Virginia May 1985 © Copyright by Bruce Allan Ragsdale All Rights Reserved May 1985 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction: 1 Chapter 1: Trade and Economic Development in Virginia, 1730-1775 13 Chapter 2: The Dilemma of the Great Planters 55 Chapter 3: An Imperial Crisis and the Origins of Commercial Resistance in Virginia 84 Chapter 4: The Nonimportation Association of 1769 and 1770 117 Chapter 5: The Slave Trade and Economic Reform 180 Chapter 6: Commercial Development and the Credit Crisis of 1772 218 Chapter 7: The Revival Of Commercial Resistance 275 Chapter 8: The Continental Association in Virginia 340 Bibliography: 397 Key to Abbreviations used in Endnotes WMQ William and Mary Quarterly VMHB Virginia Magazine of History and Biography Hening William Waller Hening, ed., The Statutes at Large; Being� Collection of all the Laws Qf Virginia, from the First Session of the Legislature in the year 1619, 13 vols. Journals of the House of Burgesses of Virginia Rev. Va. Revolutionary Virginia: The Road to Independence, 7 vols. LC Library of Congress PRO Public Record Office, London co Colonial Office UVA Manuscripts Department, Alderman Library, University of Virginia VHS Virginia Historical Society VSL Virginia State Library Introduction Three times in the decade before the Revolution. Vir ginians organized nonimportation associations as a protest against specific legislation from the British Parliament. -
The Following Index Has Been Designed Not Only As a Guide to the Present Work but Also As a Mini-Biographical Dictionary
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05777-7 - A History of Virginia Literature Edited by Kevin J. Hayes Index More information Index The following index has been designed not only as a guide to the present work but also as a mini-biographical dictionary. After each name in the index, the subject’s birth and death years appear in parentheses. In addition, people are identified by the roles for which they are best known to literary history. Since most names listed are associated with Virginia, they are not otherwise identified by locale, but those figures not associated with Virginia are identified by locale, be it colony or nation. Titles of literary works are listed beneath the author’s name. For book-length works, dates of publication are provided in parentheses. Many literary works are also listed separately, with the author identified in parentheses after the title. Though predominantly a list of names and titles, this index does contain subject entries for literary genres as well as cities, counties, rivers, and towns in Virginia. Abbay, Thomas, Jamestown colonist, 18 Addison, Joseph (1672–1719), English Abridgement of the Publick Laws of Virginia essayist, 36, 74–75, 188 (Beverley), 34 Address on the Subject of a Surveying and Absolute Power (Baldacci), 381 Exploring Expedition to the Pacific Ocean “Absurdist” (Wolfe), 356 (Reynolds), 326 Accidence to the English Tongue (Jones), 36 “Adventures of Daniel Boone” (Bryan), Accomack, VA, 4 169 “Account of a Negro Boy” (Byrd), 43 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (Twain), 344 “Account of Our Late Troubles in Virginia” Adventures of the Kentuckian in New-York (Cotton), 29 (Caruthers), 196, 198–201 Across the Chasm (Magruder), 289 Advertisements for the Unexperienced Planters Adams, Henry (1838–1918), American of New England (Smith), 55 historian, novelist, and critic, 161 “Aecclesiae et Reipub” (Strachey), 54 Adams, James Taylor (1892–1954), writer Aeneid (Virgil), 48 and folklorist, 317 “Al Aaraaf” (Poe), 176–177, 181 Adams, John (1735–1826), U. -
A History of Virginia Literature Edited by Kevin J
Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05777-7 - A History of Virginia Literature Edited by Kevin J. Hayes Copyright Information More information A HISTORY OF VIRGINIA LITERATURE edited by KEVIN J. HAYES © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-05777-7 - A History of Virginia Literature Edited by Kevin J. Hayes Copyright Information More information 32 Avenue of the Americas, New York, ny 10013-2473, usa Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning, and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107057777 © Kevin J. Hayes 2015 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2015 Printed in the United States of America A catalog record for this publication is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A history of Virginia literature / edited by Kevin J. Hayes. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. isbn 978-1-107-05777-7 (hardback) 1. American literature – Virginia – History and criticism. 2. Literature and society – Virginia. 3. Virginia – Intellectual life. I. Hayes, Kevin J., editor. ps266.v5h57 2015 810.99755–dc23 2015004546 isbn 978-1-107-05777-7 Hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party Internet Web sites referred to in this publication and does not guarantee that any content on such Web sites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. -
Time to Reach 21St Century -- South Florida Sun-Sentinel.Com
Time to reach 21st century -- South Florida Sun-Sentinel.com http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/opinion/columnists/sfl-sgcol15sbaug15... September 26, 2008 Search Subscribe Today Login or register Home > News > Opinion Columnists Classifieds Text size: Popular stories: Opinion Place an ad Find a job Most viewed Most e-mailed Hot topics Find a car Time to reach 21st century Autos A-Z Stephen Goldstein | Columnist Race, ethnicity and religion play too large a role Find real estate August 15, 2008 in Broward County judicial elections Find rental properties Dating Douglas C. Lyons: Now that the convention is By Stephen L. Goldstein Pets over for Democrats, eyes on GOP Jurors reach right verdict in homeless murder Weather case Hurricane HQ In spite of the fact that Florida is on the ultra-regressive side of every social issue — Fanatics use faith as excuse abortion, same sex-marriage, adoption by gays and lesbians, for example — I won't stop What's wrong with the four-day workweek? trying to enlighten our indigenous nincompoops. More most viewed We all have a vested interest in moving into the 21st century. That said, it's high time for our Legislature to legalize the use of marijuana for medical purposes. Traffic Twelve states have already done so. Two states have passed laws News favorable to medical marijuana, Broward County Palm Beach County though short of legalizing it. Business Entertainment The pros and cons in the medical Lifestyle marijuana debate are laid out at www.procon.org , a highly Travel Stephen Goldstein • • • • • • • • • • informative web site. Bio | E-mail | Recent columns Crime & Safety Regional/Florida Ads by Google Here are some of the facts and Cuba/Americas opinions you'll find there that, I Nation/World Retreat Center For Women Substance Abuse Rehab. -
William Preston and the Revolutionary Settlement
Journal of Backcountry Studies EDITOR’S NOTE: This is the third and last installment of the author’s 1990 University of Maryland dissertation, directed by Professor Emory Evans, to be republished in JBS. Dr. Osborn is President of Pacific Union College. William Preston and the Revolutionary Settlement BY RICHARD OSBORN Patriot (1775-1778) Revolutions ultimately conclude with a large scale resolution in the major political, social, and economic issues raised by the upheaval. During the final two years of the American Revolution, William Preston struggled to anticipate and participate in the emerging American regime. For Preston, the American Revolution involved two challenges--Indians and Loyalists. The outcome of his struggles with both groups would help determine the results of the Revolution in Virginia. If Preston could keep the various Indian tribes subdued with minimal help from the rest of Virginia, then more Virginians would be free to join the American armies fighting the English. But if he was unsuccessful, Virginia would have to divert resources and manpower away from the broader colonial effort to its own protection. The other challenge represented an internal one. A large number of Loyalist neighbors continually tested Preston's abilities to forge a unified government on the frontier which could, in turn, challenge the Indians effectivel y and the British, if they brought the war to Virginia. In these struggles, he even had to prove he was a Patriot. Preston clearly placed his allegiance with the revolutionary movement when he joined with other freeholders from Fincastle County on January 20, 1775 to organize their local county committee in response to requests by the Continental Congress that such committees be established. -
The Early Political Career of Robert Carter Nicholas, 1728-1769
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1961 The Early Political Career of Robert Carter Nicholas, 1728-1769 William J. Lescure College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Lescure, William J., "The Early Political Career of Robert Carter Nicholas, 1728-1769" (1961). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539624522. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-df2m-r775 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. tug nmr mmmm mmm m eobot cahter kxgrous X728—1769 4 th e sis FresoBted to the Facility of the DepartmeBt of History fho Collage of William and Mary 2b firg in ia M Fartisl Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts by William las cure January 1961 " im o w > .ffeie'tllaei® i s siafrmitted in p a rtia l fu lfillm e n t o f ; ’Ik®, raq&ireiaenta fo r the degree o f ! . .• • i k t ■ :Haetearef Jlrts :" '' f' .. Agjgramd* $m m rp 19&ls * 1%; 0 . \J ijJlU u^ W ' i^ ln ^ W iM m W M o i, TS£"®7 & $ i r u n u A J %&mmm H* famer^ fh , B. ■ ^ X 4 X n ^ t i J f. -
The Stamp Act and Methods of Protest
Page 33 Chapter 8 The Stamp Act and Methods of Protest espite the many arguments made against it, the Stamp Act was passed and scheduled to be enforced on November 1, 1765. The colonists found ever more vigorous and violent ways to D protest the Act. In Virginia, a tall backwoods lawyer, Patrick Henry, made a fiery speech and pushed five resolutions through the Virginia Assembly. In Boston, an angry mob inspired by Sam Adams and the Sons of Liberty destroyed property belonging to a man rumored to be a Stamp agent and to Lt. Governor Thomas Hutchinson. In New York, delegates from nine colonies, sitting as the Stamp Act Congress, petitioned the King and Parliament for repeal. In Philadelphia, New York, and other seaport towns, merchants pledged not to buy or sell British goods until the hated stamp tax was repealed. This storm of resistance and protest eventually had the desired effect. Stamp sgents hastily resigned their Commissions and not a single stamp was ever sold in the colonies. Meanwhile, British merchants petitioned Parliament to repeal the Stamp Act. In 1766, the law was repealed but replaced with the Declaratory Act, which stated that Parliament had the right to make laws binding on the colonies "in all cases whatsoever." The methods used to protest the Stamp Act raised issues concerning the use of illegal and violent protest, which are considered in this chapter. May: Patrick Henry and the Virginia Resolutions Patrick Henry had been a member of Virginia's House of Burgess (Assembly) for exactly nine days as the May session was drawing to a close. -
TRADITIONS of WAR This Page Intentionally Left Blank Traditions of War
TRADITIONS OF WAR This page intentionally left blank Traditions of War OCCUPATION, RESISTANCE, AND THE LAW KARMA NABULSI 1 3 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and certain other countries Published in the United States by Oxford University Press Inc., New York © Karma Nabulsi 1999 The moral rights of the author have been asserted Database right Oxford University Press (maker) First published 1999 First published in paperback 2005 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organizations. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulate this book in any other binding or cover and you must impose the same condition on any acquirer British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Nabulsi, Karma. -
Secretary Lisa Hicks-Thomas Em Bowles Locker Alsop Lissy Bryan Senator Mary Margaret Whipple Jacqueline Hedblom Susan Schaar
Women of Virginia Commemorative Commission Executive Board November 8, 2013 Minutes Members in Attendance: Secretary Lisa Hicks-Thomas Em Bowles Locker Alsop Lissy Bryan Senator Mary Margaret Whipple Jacqueline Hedblom Susan Schaar Others in attendance: Dr. Sandra Treadway Alice Lynch Mary Blanton Easterly The meeting began and greetings were extended to visitors. Secretary Hicks-Thomas then led a discussion regarding an e-mail sent to the Executive Board from Commission Member Mary Abelsmith. Regarding the concerns of the e-mail, the Executive Board resolved that they had already received a concrete timeline on the project as submitted by the artist, that the current funds raised are being held by the Capitol Foundation and that Alice Lynch will talk more about current fundraising efforts at the next meeting of the Full Commission. Members of the Executive Board then held a brief discussion about potential names for the Monument that had not previously been submitted. Susan Schaar brought up the potential to have a female athlete as a figure on the Monument. Ms. Schaar also discussed the major role women have played in the conservation of Virginia and suggested the name Elisabeth Scott Bocock. Em Bowles Alsop also suggested the Gibson girl and Mary Wells Ashworth. Alice Lynch questioned if Lottie Moon should be reconsidered. A suggestion from the audience of Pat Perkinson, the first female Secretary of the Commonwealth of Virginia, was made. An audience member also suggested Henrietta Lacks. The Board then discussed the information provided to them by Dr. Treadway on the list of names they had previously chosen. -
Virginian Writers Fugitive Verse
VIRGIN IAN WRITERS OF FUGITIVE VERSE VIRGINIAN WRITERS FUGITIVE VERSE we with ARMISTEAD C. GORDON, JR., M. A., PH. D, Assistant Proiesso-r of English Literature. University of Virginia I“ .‘ '. , - IV ' . \ ,- w \ . e. < ~\ ,' ’/I , . xx \ ‘1 ‘ 5:" /« .t {my | ; NC“ ‘.- ‘ '\ ’ 1 I Nor, \‘ /" . -. \\ ' ~. I -. Gil-T 'J 1’: II. D' VI. Doctor: .. _ ‘i 8 » $9793 Copyrighted 1923 by JAMES '1‘. WHITE & C0. :To MY FATHER ARMISTEAD CHURCHILL GORDON, A VIRGINIAN WRITER OF FUGITIVE VERSE. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The thanks of the author are due to the following publishers, editors, and individuals for their kind permission to reprint the following selections for which they hold copyright: To Dodd, Mead and Company for “Hold Me Not False” by Katherine Pearson Woods. To The Neale Publishing Company for “1861-1865” by W. Cabell Bruce. To The Times-Dispatch Publishing Company for “The Land of Heart‘s Desire” by Thomas Lomax Hunter. To The Curtis Publishing Company for “The Lane” by Thomas Lomax Hunter (published in The Saturday Eve- ning Post, and copyrighted, 1923, by the Curtis Publishing 00.). To the Johnson Publishing Company for “Desolate” by Fanny Murdaugh Downing (cited from F. V. N. Painter’s Poets of Virginia). To Harper & Brothers for “A Mood” and “A Reed Call” by Charles Washington Coleman. To The Independent for “Life’s Silent Third”: by Charles Washington Coleman. To the Boston Evening Transcript for “Sister Mary Veronica” by Nancy Byrd Turner. To The Century for “Leaves from the Anthology” by Lewis Parke Chamberlayne and “Over the Sea Lies Spain” by Charles Washington Coleman. To Henry Holt and Company for “Mary‘s Dream” by John Lowe and “To Pocahontas” by John Rolfe. -
The Germination of a Free Press: a Dissident Print Culture and the Stamp Act in Colonial Virginia
The Germination of a Free Press: A Dissident Print Culture and the Stamp Act in Colonial Virginia by Roger P. Mellen April, 2006 Roger P. Mellen 2 2/10/06 Acknowledgments The modern electronic world has made crucial primary documents and other sources instantly available through the Internet, yet research still requires the help of many archivists and librarians. This author would like to recognize a special debt to a few experts who have gone beyond the requirements of their job to help: Rosemarie Zagarri, Professor of History at George Mason University, and my dissertation advisor. Del Moore, Reference Librarian at the John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Library at the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. J. Jefferson Looney, Editor, The Papers of Thomas Jefferson: Retirement Series, Thomas Jefferson Foundation, for verifying the Thomas Jefferson letter to Isaiah Thomas does not exist, locating the actual letter, and a variety of other help. Thomas Knoles, Curator of Manuscripts, American Antiquarian Society for assistance in attempting to locate the supposed letter from Thomas Jefferson to Isaiah Thomas. Martha King, Associate Editor, Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Princeton University, for general research suggestions and for help analyzing Jefferson's handwriting. Mariam Touba, Reference Librarian, New York Historical Society for help tracking down the origin of a rare Virginia Gazette, and possible Jefferson connection. Kim Nusco, Reference Librarian, Massachusetts Historical Society, for assistance in tracking down an obscure letter from former Lieutenant Governor Alexander Spotswood. Olga Tsapina, Curator of American Historical Manuscripts, Huntington Library, San Marino, CA for promptly sending me a copy of Landon Carter's letter to Joseph Royle. -
Europe (In Theory)
EUROPE (IN THEORY) ∫ 2007 Duke University Press All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper $ Designed by C. H. Westmoreland Typeset in Minion with Univers display by Keystone Typesetting, Inc. Library of Congress Cataloging-in- Publication Data appear on the last printed page of this book. There is a damaging and self-defeating assumption that theory is necessarily the elite language of the socially and culturally privileged. It is said that the place of the academic critic is inevitably within the Eurocentric archives of an imperialist or neo-colonial West. —HOMI K. BHABHA, The Location of Culture Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction: A pigs Eye View of Europe 1 1 The Discovery of Europe: Some Critical Points 11 2 Montesquieu’s North and South: History as a Theory of Europe 52 3 Republics of Letters: What Is European Literature? 87 4 Mme de Staël to Hegel: The End of French Europe 134 5 Orientalism, Mediterranean Style: The Limits of History at the Margins of Europe 172 Notes 219 Works Cited 239 Index 267 Acknowledgments I want to thank for their suggestions, time, and support all the people who have heard, read, and commented on parts of this book: Albert Ascoli, David Bell, Joe Buttigieg, miriam cooke, Sergio Ferrarese, Ro- berto Ferrera, Mia Fuller, Edna Goldstaub, Margaret Greer, Michele Longino, Walter Mignolo, Marc Scachter, Helen Solterer, Barbara Spack- man, Philip Stewart, Carlotta Surini, Eric Zakim, and Robert Zimmer- man. Also invaluable has been the help o√ered by the Ethical Cosmopol- itanism group and the Franklin Humanities Seminar at Duke University; by the Program in Comparative Literature at Notre Dame; by the Khan Institute Colloquium at Smith College; by the Mediterranean Studies groups of both Duke and New York University; and by European studies and the Italian studies program at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.