Prof. Shanker Thapa , Dean, Faculty of Buddhist Studies Lumbini Buddhist University, Lumbini, . Cell: (+977) 9841495721 Email: [email protected]

Prof. Shanker Thapa (b. 1957), a Buddhist historian from Nepal, did MA in history (1980), Bachelor in Law (1990) and PG Diploma in Buddhist Studies (2000) from Tribhuvan University () and Ph. D. (1994) from Patna University in India. Trained in modern history in the beginning, Prof. Thapa later switched to Buddhism and started to work on different aspects of Buddhism. Prof. Thapa started his academic career at Tribhuvan University in 1981 as an Asst. Lecturer and taught in various campuses. At the same time, he also pursued researches on various aspects of Newar Buddhism and its historical contexts in Nepal. Dr. Thapa also served as Senior Research Fellow at the Academy of Korean Studies (Seoul) in 1987 and 1997, Long Term Research fellow at the ICSK, Seoul in 1989, Faculty Development Research Fellow at Patna University, India in 1991-94, Visiting Research Fellow at The Korea Foundation in 1998 and 2005, Research Fellow of Sumitomo Foundation, Tokyo in 1999. Research Reports Completed: 1 Thapa, Shanker, Marriage among the Muslims: A Case Study of Birganj Based Muslims, Dean's Office Faculty of H umanities and Social Sciences, Tribhuvan University, 1985

2 Thapa, Shanker, Population Structure and Family Planning in an Urban Settlement in Birganj, Research Division, Tribhuvan University, 1986.

3 Thapa, Shanker, I slamization Process in Korea, The Academy of Korean Studies, Songnam- Si, Bundang Ku, Kyeonggi-do, Korea, 1987.

4 Thapa, Shanker, Monasticism in Korean Buddhism: A H istorical and Anthropological Perspective, Seoul, ICSK, 1989.

5 Thapa, Shanker, Peasant Movements in Nepal, B. P. Koirala India N epal Foundation, Kathmandu, 1992.

6 Thapa, Shanker, Some Aspects of Buddhist Temples in Korea, Songnam-si, The Academy of Korean Studies, Songnam- Si, Bundang Ku, Kyeonggi-do, Korea, 1997.

7 Thapa, Shanker, Some Aspects of Muslim Minority in Nepal, Kathmandu, Research Division Tribhuvan University, 1997.

8 Thapa, Shanker, Theory of Religious Identity and Comparison between Muslim Minority in Nepal and Korea, Seoul, The Korea Foundation, 1999. 9 Thapa, Shanker, Japanese New Religious Movements and I ts I mpact on Making of a New Social Order in Nepal, Tokyo, The Sumitomo Foundation, 2000.

10 Thapa, Shanker, Newar Buddhist Scholarship and Proliferation of Buddhist Sanskrit Literature in Nepal, , CN AS, 2002.

11. Thapa, Shanker, Social Origin and I deological Connotation of Peasant Radicalism – A Comparative Study of Peasant Politics in Korea and Nepal since the Thirties, The Korea Foundation, Seoul, Korea, 2005.

12. Thapa, Shanker, ‘H istorical and Religious Significance of Buddhist Sanskrit Literature of Nepal: Nepal’s Role in the Development of Buddhism Through Preservation and Proliferation of Literary Tradition of Sanskrit Buddhist Manuscripts’, Faculty Research, The University Grant Commission, N epal, 2010.

Publication:

Books:

1. Thapa, Shanker, Buddhist Monasticism in Theory and Practice, Kathmandu: Walden Books, 1995. 2. Thapa, Shanker, Agrarian Relations in Nepal, N ew Delhi, Adroit Publications, 2000. 3. Thapa, Shanker, Peasant I nsurgence in Nepal 1951-1960, , N irmala K.C., 2001. 4. Thapa, Shanker and Indra Kumari Bajracharya, Ratnäkar Mahävihära: A Vajrayäna Buddhist Monastery of Patan, N ew Delhi, Adroit Publisher, 2005 (Co-author with Indra Kumari Bajracharya) 5. Thapa, Shanker, Buddhist Sanskrit Literature of Nepal, Seoul: Minjoksa Publishing Co., 2005. 6. Thapa, Shanker, Newär Buddhism: H istory, Scholarship and Literature, Lalitpur: N agarjuna Publications, 2005. 7. Thapa, Shanker, H istorical Contexts of Newär Buddhism: The Vajrayäna Tradition of Nepal (Editor and contributor), Lalitpur: N agarjuna Publications, 2005. 8. Thapa, Shanker, Scholastic Development in Vajrayäna Buddhism of Nepal, Bhaktapaur: H eritage Publication, 2006. 9. Thapa, Shanker, Northern Buddhism in History (Editor and Contributor), Kathmandu: Vajra Publication, 2008. 10. Thapa, Shanker and Prem Kumari Pant (ed.), Buddhism: The Icon of Cultural Linkage with China, Kathmandu: N epal China society, 2010. 11. Forthcoming Books 1 Thapa, Shanker, Buddhist Sanskrit Manuscripts of Nepal: Catalogues and Researches, pp. XXVII + 242 (Processing). yfkf, z+s/, Aff}4bz{g laj]rgf, 2 (Mss completed). 3 Thapa, Shanker, Ãryamahäpratisarä: The Buddhist Deity of Protection, XIV + 232 (MSS completed). 4 Thapa, Shanker, Ven. Dhyänabhadra and Buddhism in the Koryo Kingdom, pp. XII + 122 (MSS completed). 5 Thapa, Shanker, Vajrayäna Buddhism of Nepal – Selected Essays, pp. 12 + 318 (MSS completed). 6 Thapa, Shanker, I dentity of a Religious Minority: The Muslims of Nepal, pp. XVII + 258 (MSS completed). 7 Thapa, Shanker, Muslim Minority: H istory, I nstitutionalization and I dentity of Muslims of Nepal and Korea Compared, pp. XII+247 (MSS completed). 8 Thapa, Shanker, The Mask, pp. XV+270 (MSS completed). 9 Thapa, Shanker, Peasant Radicalism: A Study of Peasant Community in Korea and Nepal, pp. XIII+338, (MSS completed). Book Chapters 1. Thapa, Shanker, 'Buddhist Monastic Institution in Korea Changes and Development", in Choung H ae Chang (ed.) 100 Years of Modernization in Korea: Towards The 21st Century, Seoul: The Academy Of Korean Studies, 1996, pp. 191-210. 2. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Traces of Buddhism in H istory of N epal’, In Shanker Thapa (ed.), H istorical Contexts of Newar Buddhism: The Vajrayäna Tradition of Nepal, Lalitpur: N agarjuna Publications, 2005. 3. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Hari Ram Joshi: H is Contribution in the Study of N epalese H istory and Culture’, in: Badri Lal Shrestha (ed.), Prajnik Vyaktittva: H ariram Joshi, n. p., Kumari Prakashan, 2062 V.S. 4. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Newär Buddhism: The Vajrayäna Tradition of N epal’, in Shanker Thapa (ed.), Northern Buddhism in History (Editor and Contributor), Kathmandu, Vajra Books, 2008, pp. 261-308. 5. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Master H sing Yun of Fo Guang Shan and the Development of H umanistic Buddhism’, in Anita Sharma and Sreemati Chakrabarti (eds.), Taiwan Today, N ew Delhi: Anthem Press, 2007, pp. 205-217. 6. Thapa, Shanker, 'N ewär Bauddha Samudäyamä Vidvat Paramparäko Pragati ra Rhas' In Prajï ä Darpaë: A Collection of Proceedings of the Symposium, N älä: Siddhartha University, 2065 V.S., pp. 32-40. 7. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Transmission of Indian Buddhist Thought in East Asian Historiography: Ven. Dhyänabhadra (Chi-Gong) and Buddhism in 14th Century Korea’, in Proceedings of the 8th I SKS I nternational Conference on Korean Studies, Vol. 2, International Society of Korean Studies, The Third World Congress of Korean Studies: Cheju, Korea, Oct. 2006, pp. III 51- III 81. 8. Thapa, Shanker, Ritual of Āryamahāratisarā: Principal Deity in the Sūtra of Fivefold Protection’, In Felicitation Volume in H onour of Ven… … … … … … … … .., Singapore: Pali Buddhist College, 2010. 9. Thapa, Shanker, ‘N epalese Sanskrit Manuscripts and Expansion of Buddhism in China’, Shanker Thapa and Prem Kumari Pant (ed.), Buddhism: The I con of Cultural Linkage with China, Kathmandu: N epal China society, 2010. Journal Articles in English: 1. Thapa, Shanker, 'N epal and East India Company- The Years of Frustration and Challenges', H imal, Vol. 1, Thakur Ram Multiple Campus, 2041 B. S. 2. Thapa, Shanker, 'Conceptualization of Marriage in Islam', Voice of H istory, Vol. IX- XI, N o. 1, Dec. 1986. 3. Thapa, Shanker, 'Caste and Social Domination', Ancient Nepal, N o. 105, Apr-May 1988. www.digitalhimalaya.com/collections/journals/ancientnepal/index. php?selection=105. 4. Thapa, Shanker, 'Caste H ierarchy- Inter Ethnic Stratification in the Muslim Society of N epal', Tribhuvan University Journal, Vol. XVIII, Kathmandu, June 1995. 5. Thapa, Shanker, 'An Approach to Peasant Movements', H istory: Past and Present N 0. 3, June 1996, Patna, India. 6. Thapa, Shanker, 'Beginning of Peasant Movements in N epal', Tribhuvan University Journal, Vol. XIX N o. 2, Dec 1996 7. Thapa, Shanker, 'An Approach to the Peasant Movements in Nepal', Tribhuvan University Journal, Vol. IX, June 1996, 8. Thapa, Shanker, 'Modernization of Monasticism n Korea', Voice of H istory, Vol. XII, N o. 1, July 1997, pp. 67-78. 9. 'Colonial Legacy and Japanese Attitude', Korea Times, Wednesday August 20, 1997, Seoul, Korea. 10. Thapa, Shanker, 'Theory of Dependent Origination: The Explanation of Human Values in Buddhism', Asian Culture, Vol. XXVI, N o. 4, Asia-Pacific Cultural Center - Taipei, Winter 1998. 11. Thapa, Shanker, 'Pratityasamutpäda: The Buddhist Theory of Dependent Origination', Voice of H istory, Vol. XIII N o. 1, July 1998. 12. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Religious Minorities and Identity Crisis, H imalayan Culture, Vol. IV, N o. 1, May-August 1998, pp. 41-50. 13. Thapa, Shanker, 'Peasant Discontent, Consciousness and Demand for Change', Voice of H istory, Vol. VII - XIV N o 1, June 1999. 14. 'Index of Articles Published in the Voice of H istory', Voice of H istory Vol. XIV, 2, Dec. 1999. 15. Thapa, Shanker, 'Identity and Institutionalization of Muslim Minority in Korea', Asian Culture, Vol. XXVII, N o. 3-4, winter 1999, Taipei, Taiwan. 16. Thapa, Shanker, 'Cultural Identity of N epali Muslim', Rolamba, Vol. 20, N o. 1 & 2, June - July. 2000. 17. Thapa, Shanker, 'Ethnic Variation of Nepal's Muslim Minority', I SIM Newsletter. N 0.6, 2000, Leiden University, The N etherlands. 18. Thapa, Shanker, 'Identity of Muslims as a Religious Minority in Korea: A Preliminary Report', The Review of Korean Studies, Vol. 3, N o. 2, The Academy of Korean Studies, Korea, Dec. 2000. 19. 'Textual H istory of 'Paï carakñä Sütra in N epal', Voice of H istory, Vol. XV, N o. 2, Dec. 2000. 20. Thapa, Shanker, 'H istory of N epalese Buddhism: from Mythological Tradition to the Lichchhavi Period', Voice of H istory, Vol. XVI, N o. 2, 2001 Dec. 21. Thapa, Shanker, 'Ritual Aspect of Mahapratisarä, Voice of H istory, Vol. XVI, No. 1, 2001. 22. Thapa, Shanker, 'Development of Japanese N ew Religious Movements and Its Impact in N epal', The Journal of Nepal-Japan Studies, Vol. III N o. 1, 2002, Sakai Lions Club and Imanishi Memorial Fellowship Trust N epal. 23. Thapa, Shanker, 'H istorical Aspects of Rural Indebtedness and Credit Supply in N epal', Kalash Year 1 N o. 2, 2002. 24. Thapa, Shanker, 'Iconography of Mahäpratisarä', Tri-Bodhi, Vol. 2, N o. 2, 2002. 25. Thapa, Shanker, 'Development of Buddhist Scholarship of N epal', Rolamba, Vol. 22 no. 3, 4 and Vol. 23, nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4 July 2002 – Dec. 2003. 26. Thapa, Shanker, 'Fivefold Protection in Nepalese Buddhist Tradition', Nepal Traveler, Vol. XV, N o. 5, March-April 2003, pp. 39-41. 27. Thapa, Shanker, ‘An Introductory Remark on 'Paï carakñä Sütra in Mähayäna 'Buddhism' Rolamba, Vol. 22 no. 3, 4 and Vol. 23, nos. 1, 2, 3, and 4, July 2002 – Dec. 2003. 28. 'Degradation of Buddhist Scholarship of N epal, Samakälin Mätribhümé, Vol. 2, N o. 2, 2060 B. S. 29. 'Iconography and Images of 'Paï carakñä Sütra in N ewãr Buddhism', The Great Compassion – An I nternational Buddhist Review, Winter 2004, Kathmandu. 30. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Lalitpur – A City of Buddhist Pantheons, The Great Compassion – an I nternational Buddhist Review, winter 2004, Kathmandu. 31. ‘Introduction to the 'Paï carakñä Sütra in Mahayana Buddhism', Aayan (The Path), N o. 1, Year 1 , 2061, Kathmandu. 32. Thapa, Shanker, 'Buddhism and Nepal – Japan Academic Relations: A N ative Perspective', Journal of Nepal - Japan Studies, Vol. IV, N o. 1, 2004, Sakai Lions Club and Imanishi Memorial Fellowship Trust N epal. 33. Buddhist Sanskrit Manuscripts of N epal, Rolamba Vol. 24, N o. 3 & 4, July-Dec. 2004. 34. Thapa, Shanker, 'Conceptual Analysis of Religion and Religious Pluralism', Anweshan (The Research), P G Campus , 2061 V.S. 35. ‘Theoretical Framework to Study of Peasant Society and Economy’, Voice of H istory Vol. XVII-XX, Dec. 2005. www.journals.sfu.ca/nepal/index php/VOH/article/view/84/77 36. Thapa, Shanker, 'Pancarakña in N epalese Buddhism', Loka Kérti Mahävihära Matayä Souvenir, Lalitpur, 2061. 37. Thapa, Shanker, 'Recognition of Mahäpratisarä in Different Buddhist Traditions', Khopring, N o. 12, Year 13, 2004-2005, Kathmandu. 38. Thapa, Shanker, 'The Conceptual Paradigm of Identity and Study of Religious Minorities', Rolamba, Vol. 24, N o. 1 & 2, January-June 2004. 39. Thapa, Shanker, 'Unnoticed Vihäras of Pätän', Nepal Travel Trade Reporter, Vol. VIII, Issue no. 16 N ovember – December 2004, Kathmandu. 40. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Newär Scholars and Tibetan Buddhists: Contribution in the Development of Scholastic Buddhism in Tibet’ Journal of Daesoon Thought, Vol. 19, 2005, Daejin University, Korea. 41. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Man and Masks: History, Phenomenology and the Art of Expression’ Rolamba, Vol. XV, N os. 1-2, Lalitpur, 2006. 42. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Depiction of Stories and Thematic Elaboration in the Äryamahäpratisarä Sütra’, The Light of Wisdom, Vol. 1, N o. 1, 2010. 43. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Contribution of Indian Monk Dhyänabhadra Çünyädiçya (Zhi Kong) in the Development of Buddhism in 14th Century Korea’, Buddhist H imalaya, Vol. XII, 2008. 44. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Buddhist Sanskrit Manuscripts of Nepal and Development of Mahayana Buddhism in China’, The Weekly Mirror, Vol. 39, N o. 39, Friday 22, Jan. 2010. 45. Thapa, Shanker, ‘The Context of Buddhist Sanskrit Manuscripts of Nepal’ The Weekly Mirror, Vol. 39, N o. 41, Feb. 5, 2010. 46. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Ven. Dhyanabhadra and Buddhism in the Koryo Kingdom, The Weekly Mirror, Vol. 39, N o. 43, Feb. 5, 2010. 47. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Contribution of Dhyanabhadra in Fourteenth Century Yunan and Koryo; Rolamba, Vol. 30-31, nos. 1-4, Jan 2010 – Dec. 2011, pp. 46-53. 48. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Literary Resources of Indo-N ewār Buddhism in Japan: Contribution of Japanese Buddhist Scholars in the Collection, Study and Preservation of Buddhist Sanskrit Manuscripts of N epal’ The Weekly Mirror, Vol. 39, N o. 46, March 5, 2010. 49. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Contribution of Buddhabhadra (Jue-xien) and Fa-hsien in the Literary Development of Sanskrit Buddhism in China’, I tihas Pravah – Annual Journal of Nepalese Studies, Vol. 4, N o. 1, 2010, pp. 28-32. 50. Thapa, Shanker, Buddhist Sanskrit Manuscripts - Glory of Newar Buddhism: Its N ature, Contexts and Proliferation’, Sodhamala –Journal of Magar Study Center, Year 4, N o.1, 2067 VS. pp. 52-67. 51. Thapa, Shanker, ‘Buddhism in Ancient and Medieval N epal’, tr. into Chinese by Tong Wang-ru, Dharmaghosa – The Voice of Dharma [Chinese language Journal], Vol. 320, April 2011, pp. 12-20.