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Census of Population and Housing 2012 Reveals a Number of Scenarios That the Country’S Population Has Been Subjected to During the Period Under Consideration

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Census of Population and Housing 2012 Reveals a Number of Scenarios That the Country’S Population Has Been Subjected to During the Period Under Consideration Census of Population and Housing 2012 Department of Census & Statistics Ministry of Policy Planning and Economic Affairs i ii Prologue Department of Census & Statistics has successfully completed the 14th Population & Housing Census in 2012. This Census, conducted to cover the whole island after three decades i.e. since 1981, marks an important juncture in the history of conducting Census in Sri Lanka. This publication is the demographic and housing information report prepared based on the final information of the census on Population & Housing of 2012. The report, comprising 12 chapters, initially contains information on the history and importance of Census and how the Census activities were organized. Secondly it deals with the administrative structure of Sri Lanka and the third chapter is on the growth, distribution and trends of population in the country. Henceforth, from 4th to 12th Chapters of the report gives the breakdown of the population by age-sex distribution, status of marriage and fertility, urbanization, internal migratory trends, physical or mental impairments, distribution of the population by race and religion, education, economically active/ non active and information regarding houses inhabited by this population. It is hoped that the contents of this report would be used by the national policy formulators, administrators, researches and intellectuals for the purpose of uplifting the standard of life in this country and also by school children and university students productively for educational purposes. In accomplishing this task my heartfelt thanks go out to, all the officers of the Department of Census and Statistic, the officers of other government institutions who have contributed to Census activity while attending to their own duties, all enumerating officers who collected information and all demographic experts for their suggestions and ideas. Similarly, I also owe a debt of gratitude to all the persons in this country, who are the subject of this Census, for co-operating by providing the required information to make this national endeavour a success. Dr. A.J. Satharasinghe Director General, Department of Census & Statistics, ‘Sankyana Mandiraya’, 306/71, Polduwa road, Battaramulla. 30th July 2015 iii iv Acknowledgement Considering the scope of the task, the persons who contributed to make the 14th Population and Housing Census of the department a success are too numerous. Yet however, the contributions made by certain persons and groups standout in their own right to be acknowledged in the report. Thus, it is with a sense of admiration that we mention the leadership given by the retired former Director General of the department and the Superintendent of Census 2012, Ms D.B.P.S. Vidyaratne in accomplishing this task by taking up the sole responsibility of planning this Census that covered the country in its entirety after 30 years, offering advice through the main operational committees and, by introduction of new methods and technologies to facilitate the Census. Similarly, the retired former Director General, Mr. D.C.A Gunewardene, who succeeded Ms Vidyratne and took over the direction of Census operations during the period 2013 / 2014, has also earned his place in this acknowledgement. Further, the entire district administration, including the District secretaries, who functioned as District Census Commissioners during the conduct of this Census, need special acknowledgement. Also acknowledged here are the officers who co-operated in the conduct of Census activity representing other government institutions as well as those institutions that rendered local and foreign assistance for the completion of this Census. The Additional Director Generals of the department who constantly co-operated with the Census Superintendent with their technical assistance to make the Census a success, all Directors, Deputy Directors and the Assistant Directors of the department, deserve to be acknowledged with gratitude. All Senior Statisticians, Statisticians, Statistical Officers, Statistical Assistants, all officers of the Information and Communication Technology division, including all officers of the Information Communication Technology service, all officers of the Establishment branch, Administrative branch and Accounts branch, all employees of the Press, Office assistants, Vehicle drivers and other employees of the department of Census and Statistics who made contributions to successfully accomplish different stages of the Census activity are also acknowledged. Let us also not forget to acknowledge the services of officers of the department who were engaged in Census during the last three years, but are now retired. Special acknowledgement should also be made of the untiring efforts of the Directress of the Population Census and Demographic division, Ms I. R. Bandara and all the staff in her division who v were entrusted with the responsibility of preparing the final report of the 2012 Census of Population and Housing. Finally, all Enumerating Officers, Grama Niladhari officers and the Sri Lankan public who contributed to the successful completion of this Census by providing the required information, deserve a special acknowledgement with thanks. The English version of the Population and Housing report 2012 was composed and edited by Mr Palitha Senanayake, hired translator. vi Contents Page Prologue iii Acknowledgement v List of Tables xii List of Diagrams xv Summary xviii 1 History, Importance and the Census Process 2 2 Administrative Divisions in Sri Lanka 30 3 The Population Growth, its Distribution and Trends 40 4 Age Sex Composition of the population 54 5 Marital status and Fertility 74 6 Urbanization 100 7 National and International Migratory Trends 112 8 Physically or Mentally Impaired Persons 130 9 Distribution of population according to Ethnicity and Religion 138 10 Information on Education in Sri Lanka 166 11 Economically Active and In- active Persons 184 12 Information on Occupied Housing Units 202 vii Enclosures Page Concepts and Definitions 222 viii List of Tables No. Title Page Table 1.1 Number of training sessions conducted at district level with officers 17 participated therein Table 2.1 Districts in the Sri Lanka as at Censuses, 1871 - 2012 34 Table 2.2 Distribution of A.G.A. Divisions, G.S. Divisions and Urban areas by 37 districts, 1981 Table 2.3 Distribution of D.S. Divisions, G.N. Divisions, Urban areas and 38 Pradeshiya Sabha areas by districts, 2012 Table 3.1 Total population as per each year of census, Intercensal growth and the 43 Average annual growth rate, 1871-2012 Table 3.2 Province wise and district wise population, 2012 45 Table 3.3 Growth in population by districts, 1981 – 2012 47 Table 3.4 The Population density as per the districts, 1981, 2001and 2012 49 Table 3.5 Population by districts and sectors of residence, 2012 52 Table 4.1 Total population, sex ratio and the percentage of females 56 (Census years 1946 -2012) Table 4.2 Percentage distribution of the total population by five year age groups, 60 1946 – 2012 Table 4.3 Aging population and sex ratio by age groups, 1981 - 2012 65 Table 4.4 Median age of the population, 1946 - 2012 65 Table 4.5 Sex ratio by ethnicity, 1981 and 2012 68 Table 4.6 Myer’s Index by sex, 1981, 2001 and 2012 70 Table 4.7 Deviations of complete (total) age from 10.0 percent at terminal digits, 72 1981 and 2012 Table 4.8 Whipple’s Index by sex, 1981, 2001 and 2012 73 Table 5.1 Number of married persons by sex and type of marriage, 1981 and 2012 78 Table 5.2 Distribution of the population aged 15 years and above by marital status 79 and sex, 1981 and 2012 Table 5.3 Percentages of never married persons in the population aged 15 years and 80 above by age and sex, 1971, 1981 and 2012 Table 5.4 Percentages of married population (15 years and above) by age groups and 82 sex, 1971, 1981 and 2012 Table 5.5 Customary married persons as a percentage of ever married persons by 85 sector of residence and sex, 1971- 2012 Table 5.6 Percentages of widowed persons, 15 years and above by age and sex, 85 1971, 1981 and 2012 Table 5.7 Number of divorced/ separated persons per 10,000 population aged 15 87 years and above, 1971, 1981 and 2012 ix No. Title Page Table 5.8 Mean age at marriage, 1953 - 2012 89 Table 5.9 Mean age at marriage by sector, 2012 90 Table 5.10 Mean age at marriage by district, 1981 and 2012 91 Table 5.11 Mean age at marriage by ethnicity, 2012 93 Table 5.12 Percentage of currently married women between 15- 49 years of age, 94 1981 and 2012 Table 5.13 Percentage distribution of ever married women aged 15 years and 95 above according to the number of children born alive by sector, 2012 Table 5.14 Age specific fertility rates (ASFR), 1981 and 2012 96 Table 6.1 Urban population of the country over time, 1871 - 2012 103 Table 6.2 Urban population by districts, 2012 105 Table 6.3 Population and the population density in Colombo Municipal council 107 area during census years, 1881 - 2012 Table 6.4 Total population in the Colombo divisional secretariat by the Grama 109 Niladhari Divisions, 2012 Table 6.5 Total population in the Thimbirigasyaya divisional secretariat by Grama 110 Niladhari Divisions, 2012 Table 7.1 Life time migrants by the district of usual residency and district of birth, 116 2012 Table 7.2 Life time migrants by the three migratory streams by the district of 117 usual residency, 2012 Table 7.3 The main migratory streams of life time migrants who have migrated out 119 of their district of birth, 2012 Table 7.4 Internal Migratory patterns by the district of usual residency and the 121 district of previous residency, 2012 Table 7.5 In migrants to the District of usual residency and duration of residency, 122 2012 Table 7.6 The reasons for migration from the district of previous residency to the 124 district of usual residency, 2012 Table 7.7 Numbers of persons living abroad temporarily by sex, age group and 127 sector of residence, 2012 Table 7.8 The population temporarily living abroad, by reason for being abroad, 128 the country and sex, 2012 x No.
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