BASTERIA, 62: 245-261, 1998

Notes and nomenclature of Pectinoidea on taxonomy (: : , Pectinidae)

3. Nomina nova

Henk+H. Dijkstra

c/o Zoological Museum Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94766, 1090 GT Amsterdam, The Netherlands;

e-mail: [email protected]

Taxonomic and nomenclatural of several Recent Six notes species group names are presented.

nomina viz. martensi nova, Cyclopecten nom. nov., Bractechlamys georgei nom. nov., Laevichlamys

Pecten stillmani nicklesi and brettinghami nom. nov., nom. nov., Aequipecten nom. nov., Excellichlamys

sowerbyi nom. nov. are herein proposed.

words: nomenclature. Key Bivalvia, Pectinoidea, Propeamussiidae, Pectinidae, taxonomy,

with This paper deals nomina nova for preoccupied names of Recent species of

Pectinoidea, belonging to the families Pectinidae and Propeamussiidae (see also Dijkstra,

1995). Six nomina nova are herein proposed. In the literature nominal Nomina introduced many taxa are preoccupied. nova were by Dall, Finlay, Grau, Gregorio, Hertlein, and others (see table 1). Most of the junior in need of due their homonyms are not a new replacement name, to current status (junior synonyms) (table 1). The current taxonomic status is given with literature ref- Nomenclatural in 'Notes'. For information the erences. notes are reproduced on concept

'nomen novum', see the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature [Ride et al., 1985: Articles 12b (3), 13(a)(iii), 60, 67h, and Appendix E15, E21].

Many thanks are due to Dr. E. Gittenberger for his valuable critical comments and

suggestions. For relevant informationon literature references and fruitful discussions I am

much indebtedto Mr. R. G. Moolenbeek and Mr. A. N. van der Bijl (Zoologisch Museum,

Amsterdam), Dr. P. Bouchet and Mr. P. Lozouet (Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris), Mr. P. Cooper ( Natural History Museum, London), Mrs. G. Douglas (The Linnean

Society of London), Dr. Y. Finet (Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneva), Mr. J. Goud (Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, Leiden), Dr. D. Heppell (National Museums of

Scotland, Edinburgh), Dr. G. Rosenberg (Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia), and Dr. A. Waren (Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm).

Propeamussiidae Abbott, 1954

Cyclopecten martensi nom. nov.

Pecten clathratus von Eichwald, 1830: 212. Fossil, Litva.

Pecten clathratus Romer, 1836: 212. Jurassic, Germany.

Pecten clathratus M'Coy, 1844: 90. Carboniferous, Ireland.

Pecten clathratus von Martens, 1881: 79. Recent, S Indian Ocean,

1 2: Basteria 60: 41-44, 1996. 246 BASTERIA, Vol. 62, No. 5-6, 1998

Von Eichwald (1830) described a new fossil species, Pecten clathratus from Lithuania ,

(Litva). Romer (1836) used an identical species name for a fossil species from Germany, fossil as M'Coy (1844) did for a species from Ireland. Von Martens (1881) described a recent species, Pecten clathratus, from the southern Indian Ocean (near Kerguelen Island).

However, he overlooked the species names used by Eichwald (1830), Romer (1836), and

M'Coy (1844). Subsequently Smith (1885: 305, pi. 22 fig. 4) and Kiister & Kobelt (1888:

154, pi. 43 figs. 6-7) repeated Martens' description.

Therefore a nomen novum is introduced here and dedicated to the previous author

Eduard Carl von Martens (1831-1904).

Pectinidae Wilkes, 1810

Bractechlamys georgei nom. nov.

Pecten distans Lamarck, 1819: 169. Recent, Mediterranean Sea.

Pecten distans Lamarck, 1819 (sensu G. B. Sowerby 2nd., 1842: 61, pi. 13 fig. 46, pi. 18fig. 182) (non Lamarck),

Recent, Philippines.

Pecten distans Lamarck, 1819 (sensu Reeve, 1853: species 49, pi. 13 fig. 49) (non Lamarck). Recent, Philippines.

Pecten janus Munster in Goldfuss, 1833: 62. Oligocene, N Germany.

Pectenjanus [MontrouzierMS] Fischer, 1858: 340-341.Nomen novum for Pecten distans Lamarck (sensu Reeve,

1853).

Lamarck (1819) described Pecten distans a recent species from the Mediteranean , Sea, which is a subjective junior of Ostrea glabra Linnaeus, 1758 (Dijkstra, 1994: 481, G.B. 2nd. figs. 60-64). Sowerby (1842) used the name Pecten distans for another recent species, from the Philippines, and referring to Lamarck (1819: 169). Subsequently,

Reeve (1853) also described Pecten distans from the Philippines and referred to Lamarck's second edition by Deshayes (1836: 139), but did not refer to Sowerby's species.

Fischer (1858) introduced a nomen Pecten for Pecten distans sensu novum, janus , Reeve, overlooking Sowerby's species. Pecten janus was preoccupied by Munster in Goldfuss but for (1833), a new name P. distans sensu Reeve is not necessary. A nomen novum is herein proposed for Pecten distans G.B. Sowerby 2nd., 1842 (non Lamarck, 1819) honouring George Brettingham Sowerby 2nd. (1812-1884).

Laevichlamys brettinghami nom. nov.

Pectinites 1813: 112. irregularis von Schlotheim, Fossil, Germany

Pecten irregularis G. B. Sowerby 2nd., 1842: 69, pi. 13 figs. 51, 52. Recent, Indo-West and Southwest Pacific.

Pecten irregularis M'Coy, 1844: 95, pi. 15 fig. 8. Carboniferous, Ireland.

Pecten irregularis Blankenhorn, 1934: 187, fig. 19. Cretaceous, Syria [= Pecten phoeniciensis Hertlein, 1936: 56.

Nomen novum].

Von Schlotheim (1813) introduced Pectinites irregularis. Hertlein (1969: N366) and Vokes

(1980: 56) made clear that Pectinites von Schlotheim, 1813 (non Gesner, 1758, nec

Gmelin, 1791) is an invalid emendation (ICZN, 1985: 41, Article 20) for Pecten Miiller, 1776.

Sowerby (1842) described Pecten irregularis, a recent species from the western and southwestern Indo-Pacific. Dijkstra: Taxonomy and nomenclature of Pectinoidea, 3 247

Hertlein (1936: 56) introduced Pecten phoeniciensis, a nomen novum for Pecten irregularis

Blanckenhorn, 1934 (non Sowerby, 1842, nec M'Coy, 1844). Therefore Pecten irregularis

Sowerby is replaced here by a nomen novum after George Brettingham Sowerby 2nd. (1812-1884).

Pecten stillmani nom. nov.

Pecten lunaris Romer, 1839: 26. Fossil, N Germany.

Pecten lunaris Berry, 1963: 139, fig. Recent, Mexico, E Pacific [= Pecten (Flabellipecten) berryi Bernard, 1983

26, 28. Nomen novum].

Pecten berryi Stephenson, 1923: 193-207. Cretaceous, N Carolina, U.S.A.

Bernard (1983: 26, 28) introducedPecten (Flabellipecten) berryi, for the preoccupied Pecten

lunaris Berry, 1963 (non Römer, 1839). However, he overlooked Pecten berryi Stephenson,

1923, a fossil of North Carolina (U.S.A.).

Pecten stillmani is here proposed as nomen novum for Pecten (Flabellipecten) berryi Bernard, 1983, after the previous author Samuel Stillman Berry (1887-1984).

Aequipecten nicklesi nom. nov.

Pecten minutus Bosc, 1802: 260. Recent, Indo-West Pacific.

Pecten minutus Nickles, 1955: 135-136, figs. 17A-B. Recent, tropical western Africa.

Nickles (1955) described Pecten minutus from tropical western Africa. However, he

apparendy had overlooked Pecten minutus Bosc, 1802. Therefore a nomen novum is here introduced in honour of the previous author Maurice Nickles.

Excellichlamys sowerbyi nom. nov.

Pecten parvus Da Costa, 1778: 153. Recent, Cornwall, England.

Pecten parvus G. B. Sowerby 1st., 1835: 110. Recent, Marutea, Tuamotu Archipel, French Polynesia, Pacific

G. B. 1st. described Pecten from 'Lord Hood's Sowerby (1835) parvus, Island, (Marutea,

Tuamotu Archipel, French Polynesia), but overlooked Pecten parvus Da Costa, 1778. Also

Reeve (1853: species 133, pi. 29 fig. 133) and Krister & Kobelt (1888: 168, pi. 46 fig. Da Costa's Waller treated Pecten 7) ignored species. (1972: 246, 248) parvus Sowerby as senior of a synonym Excellichlamys spectabilis (Reeve, 1853) and reported on the homo- he that P. could be nymy. However, explained parvus a subspecies or a geographic morph and decided not to introduce a nomen novum, due to the lack of comparative specimens

from the eastern central Pacific. Different morphological characters of E. spectabilis from

the Indo-West Pacific and P. parvus Sowerby from French Polynesia (Waller, 1972: 248;

Dijkstra, 1989: 14-15) justify a nomen novum.

Excellichlamys sowerbyi is named after George Brettingham Sowerby 1st. (1788-1854).

Notes on table 1

1. Arnold (1906: 82, pi. 26 figs. 5, 5a, 6, 7, 8, 8a) and Dall (1919: 19a, pi. 2 figs. 7, introduced identical in different Pecten andersoni and 8) epithets genera, (Plagioctenium)

Pseudamusium [sic] andersoni (see table 1). Both nominal taxa are subjective junior syn- 248 BASTERIA, Vol. 62, Mo. 5-6, 1998

of 1959: Schein, onyms Similipecten greenlandicus (G.B. Sowerby 2nd., 1842) (Grau, 54; binominatus 1989: 97). Therefore a nomen novum for P. andersoni Dall, Pecten Hanna, is 1924, not necessary. 2. Chenu [(1843: 3-4; 1845: pi. 7 figs. 4-5 (June)] (Sherborn & Smith, 1911) noticed that Pecten Lamarck and intro- Sowerby's name, asper, was preoccupied by (1819: 180) Hinds also duced a nomen novum Pecten rubicundus. Subsequently, [1845: 61 (January)] observed and also introduced Pecten Sowerby's preoccupied name a nomen novum, passerinus. This second new replacement name is an objective junior synonym of Pecten rubicundus Chenu, 1843.

3. G.B. Sowerby 2nd. (1842: 51, pi. 19 figs. 198-199) mentioned in his description of Pecten aspersus G.B. Sowerby 1st., 1835, that this species should be distinguished from

Pecten aspersus Lamarck, 1819 (Dijkstra, 1994: 476, figs 32-36), without proposing a new Pecten for name. D'Orbigny (1847) reported a nomen novum, tumezensis, Sowerby's preoccupied species name. Reeve (1852: species 4, pi. 1 fig. 4) also introduced a nomen Therefore Pecten 1852 novum, Pecten sowerbyi, for Pecten aspersus Sowerby. sowerbyi Reeve, is ofPecten 1847 1935: 314- an objective junior synonym tumezensis d'Orbigny, (Hertlein, 316; Grau, 1959: 118-120). 4. For nomina and Hertlein Grau nova synonyms see (1935: 305-306), (1959: 81-83), and Waloszek (1984: 218-220).

b. Chlamys benedicti Verrill & Bush in Verrill, 1897, is neither a primary nor a secondary of Pecten benedicti Lamarck, 1819. Therefore the new replacement name Chlamys verrilli Dollfus, 1898, is invalid (Waller, 1993: 230). For and nomina Grau and Waloszek 229- 6. synonyms nova see (1959: 125), (1984:

232). Waller (1972: 252) established that Pecten natans Philippi, 1845, a senior synonym of Pecten jeffreysi Gregorio, 1884, should not be placed in Juxtamusium, as Grau (1959:

125) did. Waloszek (1984: 229) used a senior synonym, Chlamys vitrea (King & Broderip in G. B. that Ostrea vitrea King, 1832), for Pecten corneus Sowerby 2nd., 1842, indicating Gmelin, 1791, is currently placed in Delectopecten. However, Waloszek overlooked Pecten vitreus of Bosc (1802: 268), of Gray (1824: 245), of Defiance (1825: 249), and of Risso the is under taxonomic (1826: 303). Currently present species study.

7. For nomen novum and references see Grau (1959: 122, pi. 41 figs. 1-2), and Waller

(1972: 243, 245, figs. 76-79, 81, 82). Pecten vexillum Reeve, 1853, is a subjective junior synonym of Bractechlamys georgei nom. nov. is neither of 8. Chlamys fenestrata Hedley, 1901, a primary nor a secondary homonym

Pecten fenestratus Forbes, 1844. Currently Chlamys fenestrata Hedley is placed in Mesopeplum

(Lamprell & Whitehead, 1992: [30], pi. 13 fig. 78) and Pecten fenestratus Forbes in Par- vamussium (Schein, 1989: 87). Therefore the nomen novum Chlamys hedleyi Dautzenberg,

1902 is invalid (see also Iredale, 1924: 194).

9. Melvill in Melvill & Standen (1907: 807, pi. 55 fig. 7) described a Recent Prope- amussiidae species, Amussium formosum, from the Persian Gulf.

Habe (1964: 4, pi. 2 figs. 7-8) described anew Pectinidae subspecies, Amusium japonicum formosum from Taiwan. Dijkstra (1988: 4) introduced a nomen Amusiumjapo- , novum,

nicum taiwanense, for Amusium japonicum formosum Habe. A second nomen novum was Amusium which is introduced by Habe (1992: 235), japonicum taiwanicum, an objective junior synonym of Amusium japonicum taiwanense Dijkstra, 1988. Crassadoma 10. For nomenclatural notes and synonymy on gigantea (Gray, 1825), see Roth & Coan (1978: 297) and Grau (1959: 134-136).

11. Kuroda introduced a nomen Chlamys farreri nipponensis for Pecten (1932: 91) novum, , laetus Gould, 1861 (non Gould, 1851). Chlamys nantiensis Bernard, Cai & Morton (1993: Dijkstra: Taxonomy and nomenclature of Pectinoidea, 3 249

48) is a secondary nomen novum for Pecten laetus Gould, 1861, and therefore an objective junior synonym of C. farreri nipponensis Kuroda.

12. Pleuronectia lucida Jeffreys in Wyville Thomson, 1873, is not a primary or secondary homonym of Pecten lucidus of Goldfuss (1835: 69, 70, pi. 97 fig. 11). The former species is currently placed in Parvamussium (Schein, 1989: 88); the latter is an Oligocene Hilberia.

Pecten lucidus Goldfuss is a subjective junior synonym of Pecten (Hilberia) bifidus Miinster in 1835 1979: Therefore Goldfuss, (Janssen, 57-58). Gregorio's new replacement name, Amussium editae, is invalid. for 13. Bernard (1983: 26, 68) introduced a nomen novum, Pecten berryi,, Pecten lunaris

Berry, 1963. The latter name was preoccupied by Romer (1839: 26). However, he

overlooked Pecten berryi Stephenson, 1923. Therefore a new replacement name is here proposed.

14. Waller (1991: 73) already mentioned the homonymy of Pecten meridionalis Tate, and Pecten meridionalis but did introduce 1887, von Eichwald, 1865, not a nomen novum,

due to its uncertain status. For synonymy of P. fumatus see Dijkstra & Marshall (1997: 91, 93).

15. Pecten obliquatus Conrad in Jay, 1852, and Pecten obliquatus Jeffreys, 1880, are

nomina nuda. Locard (1898: 402, pi. 15 figs. 24-26) introduced Pecten parvulinus as a for described his nomen novum Jeffreys' species. He properly and figured 'nomen

novum', which should be treated as a new species.

16. Gregorio (1898: 52) proposed a nomen novum, Pecten trubinus, for Pecten similis G.

B. Sowerby 2nd, 1842 (non Laskey, 1811, necj. de C. Sowerby, 1818). Unfortunately P. similis is caused uncertain Sowerby a , by a poor description, locality, and untraceable holotype.

17. G. B. Sowerby 2nd, 1842, introduced a nomen Pecten ventricosus for Pecten novum, ,

tumidus G. B. Sowerby 1st., 1835 (non Turton, 1822, nec von Zieten, 1830). D'Orbigny

also introduced Pecten for P. tumidus This (1847: 663) a nomen novum, inca, Sowerby. is second new replacement name an objective junior synonym of P. ventricosus Sowerby. 250 BASTERIA, Vol. 62, No. 5-6, 1998

(1997:91) (1997:91)(1997:91) press)press) (in(in (1990:290) (1990:293) (1990:291) (1990:293)(1990:293) (1990:288)(1990:288) 135) Marshall MarshallMarshall KnudsenKnudsen al. (1983:24) al. (1983:25) al. al. al. al. (1983:24) (1989:97) al. (1954:367-374) (1983:25) (1995:17) al. (1993:212) (1991:31) (1991:28) (1993:230)(1993:230) al. al. (1974:448) & & & etet et et et et (1959:84, & References References Sabelli Bernard Dijkstra ScheinSchein Sabelli Arkel Bernard Dijkstra Sabelli Waller Waller Waller WallerWaller DijkstraDijkstra SabelliSabelli SabelliSabelli AbbottAbbott Grau DijkstraDijkstra

1843) 1995 1826) 1758) 1758) 1795) 1758)1758) position 1776) 1795) 1758) 1825)1825) 1906) (Risso, 1832) 1852 (Chenu, Dijkstra, (Poli, 1852 (Linnaeus, 1897) (Poli,(Poli, (Gray, (Mtiller,(Müller, (Arnold, (Linnaeus, (Linnaeus,(Linnaeus, (Linnaeus,(Linnaeus, 1846) position.puaiiiuii. Reeve, greenlandicus 1842) 1846) multistriata varia patagonica Broderip, benedicti Bush,Bush,Reeve,Reeve, 1775)1775) taxonomictaxonomie glaber rubicunda tumbezensis picturatus incomparable flexuosus gigantea maculosummaculosum striatum incomparabile & flexuosus gibbusgibbus albida & fumatusfimatus ßmatusfumatus jacobaeus taxonomicuaAuiiui.uv- (Sowerby, (Orbigny, (King&(King (Verrill(Verrill Gloripallium (Forsskal,(Forsskäl, Current Palliolum Chlamys Pecten SimilipectenSimilipecten Flexopecten Serratovola LeptopectenIsptopecten Anguipecten Palliolum Crassadoma Mimachlamys Zygochlamysfygochlamys Spathopecten PectenPeclen Flexopecten PectenPecten Argopecten CrassadomaCrassadoma Glonpallium .« currentt »Uli 1995 II 1846 theirUU 1924 1843 1845 1898 1852 19351935 1898 and"IUI Dijkstra,

11 Hanna, Chenu, Orbigny, Hinds, Dollfus, 19521952 martensi L1UU1UI Reeve, Hertlein, Pectinoidea nova picturatuspicturatus Grau,Grau, t.1 verrilli nov.nov. 1 verrilli binominatus rubicundus passerinus tumbezensis sowerbyi amandi gibbus RecentIV.UUI portusregiiportusregii CyclopectenCyclopecten nom.nom. Nomina Pecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Anguipecten Pecten Chlamys Pecten . ------ofUI novanuwi 1843 1820 1820 18201820 1798 1851 1875 1830 18191819 1842 1899 1819 1836 1836 18331833 Nomina»luiiiut« 1802 albidus 1819 Buvignier,Bmignier, Sowerby, Sowerby, Sowerby, Roding, 1837 1.i. Conrad,Conrad, albus Eichwald,Eichwald, Bosc, var. Lamarck, Sowerby, Stempcll,Stempell, Lamarck, Stimpson,Stimpson, aijii Goldfuss, Goldfuss,Goldfuss, Goldfuss,Goldfuss, Table var. 18361836 19061906 Lamarck, i homonymshomonyms 18831883 aurantiaca Dunker, anisopleurus aurantiacus aurantiacus aurantiacus in in inin aculeatus maximus variusvarius andersoni anisopleurus asper aspersus aurantiacus aurantiacus aurantiacus australis rosaceus benedicti bifidus bifidus brunneus carolinensis clathratusclathratus comatuscomatus concinnusconcinnus Daniel, Scacchi, Arnold, & Senior Pecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten PectenPecten Chlamys PectenPecten Pecten PectenPecten Pecten MiinsterMünster PectenPecten MiinsterMünster PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten MiinsterMünster PectenPecten RochKoch

' 3

s 1888 4 2 1881 18391839 1835 1845 18881888 18881888 55 ' 1842 1853 1850 1843 brunneus 1952 albidus var. 1897 bifidus albus Locard, var. aurantiacusauranliacus Martens, 18461846 Jeffreys, andersoniandersom Sowerby, Locard, Locard, Philippi,Philippi, var. var. Reeve,Reeve, var. var. Reeve, 1875 Bush, Grau,Grau, 19061906 var. Sowerby, var. Menke, 1888 1888 & 1887 benedictihenedicti & aculeatus hericius 19191919 anisopleurus aspersus aurantiacusauranliacus incomparabilis multistriatus australis flexuosus clathratus comatus hericius ßmalusfumatus asper- aurantiacusauranliacus aurantiacusauranliacus varius bifidus flexuosus jacobaeus gibbus carolinensis comatus Valenciennes,Valenciennes, concinnusconcimus Arnold, Tate, Adams Clement,Clément, VerrillVerrill Locard,Locard, Locard,Locard, carolinensis Species ten Pseudamusium Dall,Dali, PectenPecten Pecten PecPeclen PectenPeclen Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten PectenPecten ChlamysCMamys PectenPeclen PectenPecten Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPeclen Dijkstra: Taxonomy and nomenclature of Pectinoidea, 3 251

Waller (1997:8) (1997:8) (1990:290) (1990:293) (1990:289) (1990:291) 92) (1990:290) (1997:8) Scott (1991:13) Scott al. (1858:340) al. al. al. (1924:194)(1924:194) al. Scott (1993:212) & (1959:125), (1959:150), (1959:85) (1959:149),(1959:149), & (1897:87, (1959:143), (1989:81) (1959:85) et etet etct et (1959:111) (1959:111) et & & Coan Grau (1972:252) Dijkstra Grau CoanCoan Grau SabelliSabelli Fischer Sabelli Sabelli Sabelli Waller Grau IredaleIrcdale Verrill SabelliSabelli Grau Coan Grau Grau Schein

1912) 1795) 1791)1791} 1795) 1795) 1842) nov. 1897 1898)1898) 1845 nov. 175) 1906)1906) 18881888 1906) (Poli, (Poli, (Poli, 1898) nom. (Dall, Bavay, nom. (Poli, (Gmelin,(Gmelin, taiwanense Verrill, & (Sowerby,(Sowerby, Locard,I-ocard, Philippi, cristatellumcristatellum (Arnold, clavatum 1758) (Arnold,(Arnold, clavatum (Dall,(Dall, georgei georgi opercularis vitreusvitreus mulhslriata jenestratumfenestratum 1901) thallassinus 1988 dilectusdiiectus eucymatus hastatahastate flexuosusjlexuosus 1886) japomcum natans vogdesi vogdesi diegensis biscayensis (Dautzcnberg(Dautzenberg (Linnaeus, (Hedley, taiwanense Dijkstra,japonicum Parvamussium vogdesi PseudamussiumPseudamussiumclavatum Bractechlamys georgei Bractechlamys opercularis Delectopecten multistriata Mesopeplum thallassinus' (Dall,PseudamussiumPseudamussium clavatum biscayensis Bathypecten eucymatus ‘Pecten’'Pecten' Euvola ChlamysChlamys Bractechlamys Bractechlamys Flexopecten AequipectenAeqmpecten Delectopecten CrassadomaCrassadoma Euvola vogdesi Mesopeplum CyclopectenCychpecten Euvola AmusiumAmusium PectenPecten HyalopectenHyalopecten Bathypecten

1902 1912 1884 MS] 1914 1927 1935 18861886 18981898 Bavay, georgigeorgi 18981898 taiwanense taiwanicum Cox,Cox, Dautzcnberg,Dautzenberg, Dall, Gregorio, & Dall, Dall, Dall, Hertlein, [Montrouzier|Montrouzier Dall, cristatellum Hcrtlein, 18581858 19881988 odontata nov. japonicumjapomcum japonicumjapomcum19921992 cataractes hedleyi thalassinusthalassitius diegensis eucymatm jejjreysi DautzcnbergDautzenberg zetekizeteki janus Dijkstra, taiwanicum nom. Fischer, taiwanense cristatellum cataractes odontata Bractechlamys diegensis Habe, Pecten jeffreysi Amussium PectenPecten ChlamysChlamys PectenPecten Pecten Chlamys PectenPecten PectenPecten AmusiumAmusium AmusiumAmusium Pecten eucymatus ------

1842 1811 1827 1827 1819 1819 1819 1819 18441844 1844 1844 1818 18191819 18381838 1907 1825 1825 1831 1802 18761876 Hagcnow,Hagcnow, 1802 Perry, 1802 Sowerby, Forbes, Forbes, Philippi,Plulippi, Bronn,Broun, Sowerby, Bosc, [sic] Lamarck, Lamarck, Lamarck,Lamarck, Anton,Anton, Sowerby,Sowerby, Lamarck, Lamarck, Bosc, Standen, Defrancc,Defiance, Defrance,Dcfrance, Jeffreys,

jormosum& corneus cristatus dentatus dentkulatus depressus digitatum distans distans duplicatusduplicates elongatuselongatus elongateselongatus elongatuselongates excavatus fenestratusfinestratus finestratusfenestratus fimbriates floridus fiagili\ fragilis fragilis dentatus denticulatus digitatum fimbriatus formosum Melvill Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten PectenPecten AmussiumAmussium PectenPecten fragilis PectenPecten PeclenPecten fragilis

8

6' 1 1901" 7; 1901 1842 1835 18421842 1881 1845 1853 elongatuselongatus 1876 1879 1850 depressus duplicatesduplicatus 1888 1845 jormosum 1897 cristatus elongatus var. Hedley, fimbriatusfimbriates var. 1846 Verrill, Sowerby,Sowcrby, Hinds, Reeve, var. Sowerby, Reeve, var. Sowerby,Sowcrby, var. Hinds, var. Jeffreys, Jeffreys, Verrill,Vcrriïï, 1905 18861886 18881888 1863 1886 Locard, 1886 & fenestratafenestrate japomcum 1964°1964" corneuscomeus (Amussium) dentatus dentkulatus inflexusinßexus digitatusdigitattts distans distans ßexuosusflexuosus opercularisoperations vitreus multistriatus excavatus fenestratusfenestrates inflexusinßexus Jloridus fragilis fragilis fragilis Bavay, Locard, Locard, Locard,Locard, elongatus Valenciennes, Locard, Amusium japonicumformosum Adams Jeffreys, Habe, ten ten denticulatus floridus fragilis PecPecten PecPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Chlamys PectenPecten Pecten Pecten Amusium Pecten Pecten PectenPecten 252 BASTERIA, Vol. 62, No. 5-6, 1998

(1997:91) (1995:45), (1997:91) (1997:91) (1990:294) (1990:291) (1990:290) (1990:290) (1990:288) (1990:288) (1990:291) (1990:289) (1990:293) Marshall Willan (1969:N366), Marshall Marshall (1974:448) al. (1993:211) al. al. al. al. al. (1991:17) al. (1991:31) al. al. (1991:31) (1897:84) & (1997:19) (1993:215) (1991:17) (1991:31) & & (1997:19) (1980:56) (1980:56) & & (1959:134), & & et etet etet et etet et et et et

Beu Dijkstra Abbott Sabelli Grau Waller Sabelli Sabelli Waller Verrill Spencer Sabelli Sabelli Sabelli HertleinHerdein Vokes Waller Waller Sabelli Waller Sabelli Dijkstra Dijkstra SabelliSabelli

1826)1826) 1758)1758) 1795)1795) 1758)1758) 1843) 1795) 1758) 1758) 1825)1825) 1758) 1758) 1795) 1795)1795} (Risso, (Poli, (Gray, (Poli,(Poli, 1852 (Gray, (Linnaeus, 1904) (Linnaeus, 1852 1852 (Linnaeus, 1897 (Linnaeus, (Linnaeus, (Linnaeus, (Poli,(Poli, (Poli, clavatum clavatum 1758) Reeve, varia subimbrifer Reeve, Reeve,Reeve, magellanicus 1791) gigantea varia Bush, lelandiae Preston, variavaria opercularis glaberglaber incomparabite pusio farrerifarreri hyalinus flexuosusflexuosus & jacobaeus jacobaeus & jumatus (Gmelin, subimbrifer (Linnaeus, fumatusjumatus jumatus Pecten Placopectenfumatus magellanicus Flexopecten Crassadoma gigantea Palliolum incomparabile PseudamussiumPseudamussium clavatum MimachlamysMimachlamys Cyclopecten Verrill ‘Talochlamys’'Talochlamys' zelandiae PseudamussiumPseudamussium clavatum jacobaeus Crassadomapusio ‘Chlamys’ (Jones Lissopecten hyalinus Mimachlamys Aequipecten opercularis Flexopecten Pecten Placopeclen Flexopeclen Crassadoma Palliolum Pecten Pecten Crassadoma 'Chlamys' Ussopecten Mimachlamys Aequipeclen Pecten Pecten fumatus Flexopeclen

1993 18511851 19311931 sowerbyi Morton, multirugosus 1897 Hertlein,Herdein, Stimpson, nipponensis & Bush, subimbrifer 1932 Cai & nov. nantiensis brunneus (Chlamys) multirugosus 1928 zeelandonus Mimachlamys- sowerbyi farrerijarren Verrill nipponensis Kuroda, Bernard, Gale, subimbrifer zeelandonus nom.num. Chlamys nantiensis Pecten Pecten Cyclopecten Pecten Chlamys Chlamys ------

1817 1817 1895 1833 1833 1819 18191819 18191819 1819 1819 1825 1850 18441844 1835 1850 Bittner, 18021802 1851 1802 1802 1802 Schumacher, Schumacher, 1813 Goldfuss, Goldfuss, Sowerby,Sowerby, Gray,Lycett,Lycett, 1812 Lamarck, Lamarck, Lamarck, Forbes, Bosc, Lamarck,I,amarck, Defrance, Bosc, Bosc, Bosc, gigantea irregularisirregularis Gould, hoskynsi imparicostatus inflatus intermedia intermedia Isabella laevigatus laevigatus lamellosus latkostatus lineolatuslineolatus fuscusjuscus fuscusfiiscus fuscusjuscus gigantea Sowerby, gróaugriseus griseus griseus imparicostatus inflatus intermedia Pectinites Schlotheim, isabella laetus lamarcki laticostatus Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Plagiostoma Pecten/fatal Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten Janira Janira Pectinites Pecten Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten lamarcki Pecten PectenPecten

1843 10 1842 18261826 1882 1889 1842 1848 intermediusintermedins 1861" 1889 1843 1865 lineolatuslineolatus fuscusjuscus var. 18881888 griseus inflatus laevigatus griseusgriseus 18991899 laevigatus Gray, Sowerby, Macgillivray, var. Verrill, var.var. var. var. var. var. var.var. B.D.D., Chenu, Angas,Aiigas, Sowerby, Gould, var. Gould, 18891889 Locard, 18861886 18881888 1905 18861886 1900 18881888 var.var. 1888 1888 proteus gigantea incomparabilis imparicoslatus intermedins fuscus fuscusjuscus inflexusinßexus varius hoskynsi inflexusinßexus maximus irregularis isabellae laetus hyalinus variusvanus opercularis lamarcki laticostata flexuosus B.D.D.,BDI)., griseus Locard, Locard, Bavay, Locard, Monterosato, Pallary, Locard, Locard, lamellosuslamelhsus Locard, Pectenßsats imparicostatus intermedius ten lamarcki laticostata Pecten Pecten Pecten Hinnita Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPec PectenZfr&n Vola PectenPecten Dijkstra: Taxonomy and nomenclature of Pectinoidea, 3 253

68) (1990:291) (1990:290)(1990:290) (1990:288)(1990:288) (1990:293)(1990:293) (1990:291) (1990:290) (1990:293) MarshallMarshall Marshall (1989:89)(1989:89) (1983:26, (1993:212) (1991:31) al. al.al. al.al. [1991:45] al.al. al. al. al. (1991:31)(1991:31) [1991:45] & & (1959:18) et et etet et et et et (1959:18)

Schein Bernard Waller WallerWaller Sabelli SabelliSabelli SabelliSabelli Wagner Sabelli Sabelli SabelliSabelli Sabelli WallerWaller DijkstraDijkstra (1997:91)(1997:91) Wagner Dijkstra (1997:91) GrauGrau

1758) 1826) 1758)1758) 1758) 1795) 1795)1795) 1758)1758) 1844) 1758) 1873) 1758)1758) 1758) 1758) (Poli, (Risso, (Poli,(Poli, 18521852 1852) (Linnaeus,(Linnaeus, (Forbes, (Linnaeus,(Linnaeus, (Linnaeus, pourtalesianum (Linnaeus,(Linnaeus, (Linnaeus, (Linnaeus, septemradiatum (Linnaeus, lucidumlucidum Thomson, clavatum Reeve,Reeve, (Linnaeus, (Reeve, alaskense multisiriatamultistriata variavaria 1776) varia variavaria 1886)1886) in incomparable glaber hoskynsihosfynsi glaber 1872) jacobaeus maximus fumatus maximus fumatus Parvamussium pourtalesianum (JeffreysJeffreys Pseudamussium septemradiatum (Muller,(Müller, (Dall,(Dall, clavatum Parvamussium Crassadoma incomparabile Parvamussium alaskense (Dall,(Dall, ParvamussiumParvamussium Crassadoma MimachlamysMimachlamys Palliolum PseudamussiumPseudamussium ten jacobaeus ten Flexopecten glaber Cyclopecten Pseudamussium Flexopecten MimachlamysMimachlamysvaria fumatus fumatus ?Mimachlamys'Mimachlamys Parvamussium PecPecten PecPecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten ?

18861886 nov. 18981898 Dall, 1983 1983 1923] nom. , sawanensis Gregorio, nicklesi Bernard,Bernard 19311931 pourtalesianum editae Stephenson, stillmani nov. berryiberryi nov. intuscostatus Amusiumpourtalesianum [not nicklesi intuscostatussawanensis Hertlein,Hcrtlein, editae stillmani nom. Amusium Amussium PectenPecten Pecten Aequipecten PectenPecten ------

18281828 18281828 1828 18281828 18281828 18281828 1828 18281828 18651865 1819 1827 18731873 18531853 18351835 18391839 Bird, Bird,Bird, Bird, Bird, Bird, Bird,Bird, Bird, Bird,Bird, minor 1802 18021802 1802 1802 && & & && & & & & Nilsson,Nüsson, Lamarck, Eichwald,Eichwald, , Reeve, Thomson, Goldfuss, Romer,Römer, var. Bosc, BoscBosc, lucida Bosc, Bosc,Bosc, YoungYoung YoungYoung Young Young Young YoungY'oung Young YoungYoung 18881888 in lucidus lunaris luteus luteus maculatusmaculatüs major major major meridionaiis maximus minutusminutus modestus multkostatus multkostatus Pleuronectia lucida Jeffreys luteus luteus major major major major majormajor major majormajor meridionalis maximus Locard, multicostatus multicostatus Pleuronectia Pecten lucidus Pecten Pecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten PectenPecten Pecten major Pecten major Pecten major PectenPecten PectenPectenmajor PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPectenmodestus PectenPecten PectenPecten

12 14l4 1853 1873 13 18871887 luteus 1955 1852 18811881 1963 18881888 major var.var. majormajor major major major var.var. majorma/or minor Reeve,Reeve, multkostatus var. luteus major 1886 mfl/or Tate,Täte, Dall,Dali, var. var. var. Nickles,Nicklès, Reeve, 19261926 Thomson, Berry, Locard, var. var. var.var. 1888 var.var. 1888 1886 18881888 1888 var. 1888 1888 var.var. 1888 in) lucidalucida 1886 1878 1900 lucidum in Locard,Locard, lunaris multistriatus varius incomparabilis inßexusinflexus jacobaeus maximus hoskynsi septemradiatus sulcatus variusvarius meridionaiis maximus minutus modesius multkostatus intuscostatus (JeffreysJeffreys Locard, Locard,Locard, maculatusmaculatüs Locard, Locard,jacobaeus Locard, glaber Locard, Locard,Locard, Locard, Pallary, multicostatus intuscostatus Yokoyama,Yokoyama, Pecten hoskynsi Leche, septemradiatus Mtï/or lucidum Pleuronecita Jeffreys luteus varius major sulcatus major meridionalis multicostatus Amusium Pleuronecita PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten Pecten PectenPecten Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten/Vc/en PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten/Vf/en minutus Pecten modestus Pecten Pecten 254 BASTERIA, Vol. 62, No. 5-6, 1998

(1994:7) (1990:290) (1990:289) (1990:294) (1990:291) (1990:293) (1990:291)(1990:291) (1990:289)(1990:289) (1990:294)(1990:294) (1990:293) (1990:288) Roussy (1996:41-44) al. al. al. (1996:41-44) al. al. al.al. al.al. al.al. al. (1983:26) (1991:29) (1993:230) (1993:212) al. (1991:29) (1959:50) & (1991:31) et et et et et et et et (1995:19) et et et

Waller SabelliSabelli Grau Sabelli Dijkstra SabelliSabelli Dijkstra Sabelli WallerWaller SabelliSabelli SabelliSabelli BeuBeu Sabelli SabelliSabelli Sabell Sabelli WallerWaüer Bernard Dijkstra

1758} 1795) 1758) 1758)1758) 1758) 1758) 1758) 1758)1758) 1898 1795) 1795)1795) 1791)1791) 1926) (Poli,(Poli, 1897) Locard, 1875) (Linnaeus, (Poli, (Linnaeus, (Poli,(Poli, (Linnaeus,(Linnaeus, (Poli, (Linnaeus, septemradiatum (Dall, (Linnaeus, benedict! Bush, 1935) owenioweni 1884) gemmulata 1758) 1935) eloacata 1776) commutatus multistriata 1853) operations varia pernomus 1853) & glaber linkilinki hyalinus glaber hyalinus glaberglaber flexuosus ium parvulinus jacobaeus Spathochlamysbenedicti (VerrillPseudamussium septemradiatum (Miiller,(Muller, parvulinus Delectopecten zacae (Herdein,(Hertlein, commutatus (Monterosato,Bractechlamys (Gregorio, hyalinus multistriata hyalinus alochlamys' gemmulata(Reeve,(Reeve,Aequipecten opercularis (Linnaeus, flexuosus pernomus ' (Herdein,(Hcrdcin, Mimachlamyscloacata (Reeve, Spathochlamys Pseudamuss ‘Pecten’'Pecten' Delectopecten Aequipecten Bractechlamys FlexopectenFlexopeeten glaber LeptopectenLeptopecten Lissopecten Crassadoma FlexopectenFlexopeeten glaber LissopectenLissopecten ‘Talochlamys’ Aequipecten FlexopectenFlexopeeten FlexopectenFlexopeeten Mimachlamys CyclopectenCyclopeclen Mimachlamys '7 PectenPecten

19121912 1898 1927 1935 1884 1935 1933 brettinghami Finlay, Bavay, Locard, 1875 Herdein,Hertlein, & Herdein,Hertlein, Gregorio, Herdein, parvulinus nov. commutatus moretonicamoretonica zacae Montrrosato,Monterosato, oweni suteri pernomus peiseneeri Dautzenberg parvulinus ExcellichlamysExcellichlatnys nom. commutatus Chlamys PeetenPecten PectenPecten zacae Pecten PectenPecten oweni Chlamys PectenPecten suteri Pecten pernomus Pecten pelseneeri ■ ------

1819 1819 1839 1819 1819 18421842 1835 17781778 1827 1826 1819 18441844 1898 17781778 17781778 1833 1802 1802 1802 1802 1802 18501850 Risso, 1802 Brown, Dall, Costa, Lamarck, Lamarck, Costa, Costa, Nilsson, Bosc,Bosc, Bosc, Bory, Hagenow, M'Coy, Jay, Michelotti,Miehelotti, Bosc, Bosc,Bosc, Bosc, Lamarck, Da Da Da in Bosc, in mundus nebulosus obliquatusobliqualus panamensis parvuspawns philippi pulcheüus pulcherrimus punctatus punctatus quine/uecostatus radiatus radiatusradiatus radiatus rotundatus rotundatus rotundus rugosus Conrad panamensis philippi pictus pictuspictus pulchellus pulcherrimus punctatus quinquecostatus DeshayesDcshayes radiatus roseus rotundatus rotundatus rotundus Pecten/Veten Pecten/Vten Pecten PectenPeeten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten Pecten PectenPecten Pecten PectenPecten Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten

15 1'' 1888 1881881 1839 1844 1908 1835 1853 1853 punctatus 1873 1842 1853 1842 rotundatusrotundatus 1908 Gray, punctatuspunctatus radiatusradiatus radiatus roseusros«« rotundatus Brown, Jeffreys, Dall, pictus Reeve,Rcevc, var. Locard,Locard, rotundatus Reeve,Rccve, Rccluz, var.var. Hutton,Hutton, var. var. Dall,Dali, Sowerby, Sowerby,Sowerby, Sowerby, var. var.var. var. var. 1889 1888 1888 18881888 18891889 1888 1888 var. 18881888 nebulosus obliquatusoblie/uatus panamensis pulchellus pulcherrimuspulchernmus multistriatus mundus parvus philippü pictus proteus pulchellus multistriatuspunctatus var. sulcatus hyalinusquinquecostatusquiru/uecostatus radiatus lineatusüneatus proteusproteus flexuosusJlexuosus jacobaeus variusMnuj rotundusreftouAtt rugosus B.D.D., Locard, Locard,Locard, Locard,Locard, B.D.D.,B.D.D., Locard,Locard, Locard, Ix>card,Locard, mundus ennebulosus panamensis parvus philippii pictus radiatus rugosus PectenPecten PectenPeel PeetenPecten PectenPeeten PectenPeeten Pecten PeetenPecten PectenPeeten PectenPeeten PectenPeeten PectenPecten PeetenPecten Pecten PeetenPecten PectenPeeten Pecten/Vfte« Pecten/Vten /Vte«Pecten Pecten/Veten PectenPesten Pecten/Veten Dijkstra: Taxonomy and nomenclature of Pectinoidea, 3 255

(1990:288) (1990:291) (1990:289) (1990:290)(1990:290) (1990:289) (1990:289) (1990:293)(1990:293) (1990:291) (1990:293)

al. al. al. al. (1994:479) al.al. al. (1991:30) al. (1994:493) a. al. al. al. (1991:31) (1972:231) (1927:453) (1991:30) (1995:298-303)(1995:298-303) (1994:493) a. (1991:31) et et et et et (1959:125) et et et et et etet et (1959:125)

Sabelli Waller Sabelli Dijkstra Waller Finlay Sabelli Sabelli Dijkstra Waller Sabelli Dijkstra SabelliSabelli Sabelli Sabelli Sabelli Waller Grau

1758) 1826) 1853)1833) 1826) 1758) 1819) 1927 1758) 1758) 1795) 1845 (Risso,(Rïsso, Finlay, 1843) (Reeve, (Risso, (Linnaeus, coruscanscoruscans (Poli, (Linnaeus, (Linnaeus, (Lamarck, septemradiatum (Poli, (Linnaeus, 1758) Chenu, cloacata 1758) 1758)1758) Philippi,Philippi, variavaria secunda cloacata 1842) 1819)1819) varia 1845) opercularisopercularis 1776) rubicunda 1853) opercularis hexactes opercularis varia incomparabile glaberglaber coruscans in ventrieosus flexuosusflexuosus incomparabile glaberglaber sp. jacobaeus natans jacobaeus Mimachlamys coruscans (Hinds, Aequipectensecunda (Linnaeus,(Linnaeus,PseudamussiumPseudamussium septemradiatum (Miiller,(Muller,Serratovolarubicunda (Recluz(Récluz 'Mimaehlamys (Reeve,Mimachlamyscloacata ventricosus (Sowerby, opercularis (Linnaeus,Notochlamyshexactes (Lamarck, (Linnaeus,(Linnaeus,Flexopecten Palliolum incomparabile PectenPecten Pecten Mimaehlamys PalliolumPatliolum FlexopectenFlexopecten ‘Chlamys’'Chlamys' CyclochlamysCyclochlamys Aequipecten Serralovola ?Mimachlamys Mimaehlamys ArgopectenArgopeclen Aequipecten .Yotochlamys Aequipecten Flexopecten Palliolum FlexopectenFlexopecten MimachlamysMimaehlamys 'Pecten'‘Pecten’natans ?

1927 1898 1842 1898 1927 Finlay,Finlay, 1882 1847 Gregorio, Locard, Sowerby, Finlay,Finlay, secundasecunda Dunker, Orbigny,Orbigny, trubinus subsulcatus ventrieosus anguinea subsulcatus Cyclochlamys jickelii inca Chlamysanguinea Pecten trubinus PectenPecten Cyclochlamys PectenPecten jickelii Pecten ventricosus PectenPecten inca Chlamys ------■ ------

18401840 18401840 1825 1777 1839 1776 1827 1827 1776 1826 17761776 1802 1913 1822 1822 1811 1826 1802 1802 1802 1802 Sowerby, Sowerby, Defrance, 1802 Bosc, Sowerby, Miiller,Müller, Nilsson,Nilsson, Nilsson, Miiller,Müller, Pennant, Risso, Miiller,Muller, Suter,Suter, Miinster,Münster, Turton, Turton, Bosc, Bosc, Bosc, Bosc, Laskey, Bosc, similis striatus subrufus succineussuecineus sulcatus sulphureus transenna transversus transversus tricarinatus trifidus triradiatus tumidustumidus tumidus undulatusundulatus undulatusundulatus violaceusviolaeeus violaceusviolaeeus violaceusviolaeeus violaeeus similis transenna transversus tricarinatus trifidus vitreus Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten Pecten Pecten PectenPecten Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPecten PectenPeeten Pecten PectenPecten PectenPecten violaceus PectenPecten

' 17 1 16 19191919 1842 1819 1838 1842 1842 1853 18351833 1888 transversus 1886 1877 1832 striatus 18021802 1888 undulatus violaeeus 1888 var. var. Anton, 1863 var. violaceusviolaeeus violaceusviolaeeus Mestayer, var.var. Reeve,Rccvc, var.var. Sowerby,Sowerby, var. Bosc, Lamarck,Lamarck, Sowerby, var. var. Sowerby, Kobelt,Kobelt, 18791879 Locard, Dunker, 18791879 1888 Locard, Jeffreys,Jeffreys, 1886 1888 Locard, var. 1888 var.var. Broderip,Brodcrip, & similis jacobaeus subrußs incomparabiüs sulcatussulcatus sulphureus transenna opercularis septemradiatus tricarinatus trifidus triradiatus tumidus opercularis undulatusundulatus audouinii incomparabilisincomparabiüs & jacobaeus transversus flexuosus proteus varius vitreus striatus Locard, succineussuecineus KüsterKiister Clement, transversus tumidus Pecten audouinii undulatus Locard, violaceus locard, violaeeus Locard, Clement, septemradiatus tumidus Locard, violaceus Locard, Clement, King ten incomparabilis tricarinatus opercularis ten ten King Peeten similis Peet-en PectenPeeten subrufus Peeten Peeten transenna trifidus triradiatus tumidus Pecten Pecten Pec Pecten Pecten PectenPeeten PectenPeeten PectenPeeten PeetenPecten PectenPeeten PectenPeeten PectenPeeten PeetenPecten PectenPeeten Pec Pecten PectenPeeten PecPecten Pecten Pecten Pecten 256 BASTERIA, Vol. 62, No. 5-6, 1998

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