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												The Orontids of Armenia by Cyril Toumanoff
The Orontids of Armenia by Cyril Toumanoff This study appears as part III of Toumanoff's Studies in Christian Caucasian History (Georgetown, 1963), pp. 277-354. An earlier version appeared in the journal Le Muséon 72(1959), pp. 1-36 and 73(1960), pp. 73-106. The Orontids of Armenia Bibliography, pp. 501-523 Maps appear as an attachment to the present document. This material is presented solely for non-commercial educational/research purposes. I 1. The genesis of the Armenian nation has been examined in an earlier Study.1 Its nucleus, succeeding to the role of the Yannic nucleus ot Urartu, was the 'proto-Armenian,T Hayasa-Phrygian, people-state,2 which at first oc- cupied only a small section of the former Urartian, or subsequent Armenian, territory. And it was, precisely, of the expansion of this people-state over that territory, and of its blending with the remaining Urartians and other proto- Caucasians that the Armenian nation was born. That expansion proceeded from the earliest proto-Armenian settlement in the basin of the Arsanias (East- ern Euphrates) up the Euphrates, to the valley of the upper Tigris, and espe- cially to that of the Araxes, which is the central Armenian plain.3 This expand- ing proto-Armenian nucleus formed a separate satrapy in the Iranian empire, while the rest of the inhabitants of the Armenian Plateau, both the remaining Urartians and other proto-Caucasians, were included in several other satrapies.* Between Herodotus's day and the year 401, when the Ten Thousand passed through it, the land of the proto-Armenians had become so enlarged as to form, in addition to the Satrapy of Armenia, also the trans-Euphratensian vice-Sa- trapy of West Armenia.5 This division subsisted in the Hellenistic phase, as that between Greater Armenia and Lesser Armenia. - 
												
												NEWS INBRIEF US House Panel Tells
JULY 30, 2011 MirTHE rARoMENr IAN -Spe ctator Volume LXXXII, NO. 3, Issue 4197 $ 2.00 NEWS IN BRIEF The First English Language Armenian Weekly in the United States Wikileaks Releases Turkish Cable on Armenian Genocide BEIRUT (Tert.am) — Wikileaks has released a cable from the US Consulate in Istanbul dated July 12, 2004, containing Turkish and foreign historians comments on the Turkish govern - ment’s policy of denying the Armenian Genocide, the Lebanon-based Al Joumhouria newspaper Armenia Wins World Chess Team Championship in China reports. According to the cable, the admission of the Armenian Genocide by Turkey is a major obsta - By Hovannes Shoghikian cle to Armenian-Turkish reconciliation. Armenian and other researchers have reason - able doubts over the preservation of archives. NINGBO, China (RFE/RL) — Armenia Prof. Halil Berktay reported at least two won the 2011 World Chess Team attempts to clear the archives of the documents Championship in China on Tuesday, July on crimes against Armenians. 26, solidifying its internationally-recog - In 1991, several high-ranking Turkish military nized status as a chess powerhouse. officials reported an attempted stealing of a The championship, held in the Chinese number of documents from 1918. city of Ningbo, was contested by the Berktay believes that the second attempt was national teams of the world’s 10 leading made when Turgut Ozal, then president of chess nations, including Russia, Ukraine, Turkey, announced his intention to open the India and Azerbaijan. archives. The Armenian team led by Levon Some historians believe that the archive is Aronian, the world’s third-highest-ranked being constantly cleared of documents on the chess player, dominated throughout the Armenian Issue, the cable says. - 
												
												Implementing Armenian Feminist Literature Within Feminist Discourse
YOU HAVE A VOICE HERE: IMPLEMENTING ARMENIAN FEMINIST LITERATURE WITHIN FEMINIST DISCOURSE By Grace Hart A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in English: Applied English Studies Committee Membership Dr. Christina Accomando, Committee Chair Dr. Lisa Tremain, Committee Member Dr. Janet Winston, Program Graduate Coordinator July 2020 “Writing is dangerous because we are afraid of what the writing reveals, the fears, the angers, the strengths of a woman under a triple or quadruple oppression. Yet in that very act lies our survival because a woman who writes has power. And a woman with power is feared.” - Gloria Anzaldúa ABSTRACT YOU HAVE A VOICE HERE: IMPLEMENTING ARMENIAN FEMINIST LITERATURE WITHIN FEMINIST DISCOURSE Grace Hart This project melds personal narrative with literary criticism, as it excavates the literature of Armenian writer and political activist Zabel Yessayan, particularly with her novel My Soul in Exile and memoir The Gardens of Silihdar. I argue that the voice of Zabel Yessayan should be included in the feminist women of color discourse within institutions in the United States. I develop this argument by bringing in the works of Cherríe Moraga and Gloria Anzaldúa’s anthology This Bridge Called My Back: Writings by Radical Women of Color and showing parallels in themes and lenses such as excavating traumatic histories, the importance of personal identity, and using writing as a form of resistance. Zabel Yessayan’s texts and This Bridge both comprise stories conveying the theme of residing in the “in-between,” and topics concerning womanhood, culture, identity, alienation and isolation. - 
												
												Armenian State Chamber Choir
Saturday, April 14, 2018, 8pm First Congregational Church, Berkeley A rm e ni a n State C h am b e r Ch oir PROGRAM Mesro p Ma s h tots (362– 4 40) ༳ཱུའཱུཪཱི འཻའེཪ ྃཷ I Knee l Be for e Yo u ( A hym n f or Le nt) Grikor N ar e k a tsi ( 9 51–1 0 03) གའཽཷཱཱྀུ The Bird (A hymn for Easter) TheThe Bird BirdBir d (A (A(A hymn hymnhym forn for f oEaster) rEaster) East er ) The Bird (A hymn for Easter) K Kom itas (1869–1 935) ཏཷཱྀཿཡ, ོཷཱྀཿཡ K K K Holy, H oly གའཿོའཱུཤའཱུ ཤཿརཤཿ (ཉའཿ ༳) Rustic Weddin g Son g s (Su it e A , 1899 –1 90 1) ༷ཿཱུཪྀ , རཤཾཱུཪྀ , P Prayer r ayer ཆཤཿཪ ེའཱུ འཫའཫ 7KH%UL The B ri de’s Farewell ༻འརཽཷཿཪ ཱིཤཿ , ལཷཛཱྀོ འཿཪ To the B ride g room ’s Mo th er ༻འརཽཷཿ ཡའཿཷཽ 7KH%ULGH The Bridegroom’s Blessing ཱུ༹ ལཪཥའཱུ , BanterB an te r ༳ཱཻུཤཱི ཤཿཨའཱི ཪཱི ུའཿཧ , D ance ༷ཛཫ, ཤཛཫ Rise Up ! (1899 –190 1 ) གཷཛཽ འཿཤྃ ོའཿཤཛྷཿ ེའཱུ , O Mountain s , Brin g Bree z e (1913 –1 4) ༾ཷཻཷཱྀ རཷཱྀཨའཱུཤཿར Plowing Song of Lor i (1902 –0 6) ༵འཿཷཱཱྀུ Spring Song(190 2for, P oAtheneem by Ho vh annes Hovh anisyan) Song for Athene Song for Athene A John T a ve n er (19 44–2 013) ThreeSongSong forfSacredor AtheneAth Hymnsene A Three Sacred Hymns A Three Sacred Hymns A Three Sacred Hymns A Alfred Schn it tke (1 934–1 998) ThreeThree SacredSacred Hymns H ymn s Богородиц е Д ево, ра д уйся, Hail to th e V irgin M ary Господ и поми луй, Lord, Ha ve Mercy MissaОтч Memoriaе Наш, L ord’s Pra yer MissaK Memoria INTERMISSION MissaK Memoria Missa Memoria K K Lullaby (from T Lullaby (from T Sure on This Shining Night (Poem by James Agee) Lullaby (from T SureLullaby on This(from Shining T Night (Poem by James Agee) R ArmenianLullaby (from Folk TTunes R ArmenianSure on This Folk Shining Tunes Night (Poem by James Agee) Sure on This Shining Night (Poem by James Agee) R Armenian Folk Tunes R Armenian Folk Tunes The Bird (A hymn for Easter) K Song for Athene A Three Sacred Hymns PROGRAM David Haladjian (b. - 
												
												RMS 54 1 Bookreviews 118..124
MESA R o MES 54 1 2020 raises the question of how blackness – either abstractly or in reference to actual Black people – fits into how her respondents understand themselves as racialized subjects. Forever Suspect also raises broader questions about citizenship and belonging. Is it possible to imagine an American society, or any society, without racialized citizenship? While reading I was struck by those respondents, mostly women, who expressed optimism and hope that through their own behavior they will shape others’ views of Muslims. They believe that positive change can still be effected amidst the heightened Islamophobia pervading the United States, buttressed by the words and actions of the U.S. president. One wonders how far our systems of racialized surveillance will go before we might all act in opposition. That such questions arose while reading this book speaks to its richness. Forever Suspect will remain relevant for how it challenges us as social scientists and other scholars who research Muslim Americans in new ways. In addition to its scholarly depth, it is a beautifully written ethnography that will appeal to both undergraduate and graduate students, as well as scholars in Sociology, Race and Ethnicity, and Islamophobia, among other disciplines. DOI:10.1017/rms.2020.13 Jean Beaman University of California, Santa Barbara HEGHNAR ZEITLIAN WATENPAUGH. The Missing Pages: The Modern Life of a Medieval Manuscript, from Genocide to Justice (Redwood City, CA: Stanford University Press, 2019). Pp. 436; 26 ills. $30.00 cloth. ISBN 9780804790444. With The Missing Pages: The Modern Life of a Medieval Manuscript, from Genocide to Justice, Heghnar Zeitlian Watenpaugh offers readers a creative and insightful approach to understanding the history of the Armenian Genocide and the destruction, dispersion, misappropriation, theft, and erasure of the cultural heritage of the Armenian people. - 
												
												Quick Glance with the Twelve Apostles Trading Cards
1 LEARNING TO FOLLOW JESUS WITH THE TWELVE APOSTLES WHO ARE THE APOSTLES? The word “apostle” means “one who is sent.” Some moments were shared by all the apostles. Other conversations and moments happened with specific Apostles. As we get to know the Twelve, we will be focusing more on their unique moments with Jesus. Quick Glance with the Twelve Apostles Trading Cards James, son of Zebedee Born: c. 3 AD in Bethsaida, Galilee Name(s): James is a form of Jacob, which means, “heel grabber” or “usurper.” Jesus nicknamed James and his brother John ‘Boanerges,” which means “Sons of Thunder.” He is also called “James the Greater” or “James the Great” to distinguish him from James, son of Alphaeus and James the brother of Jesus (James the Just). Major Moments: Called with John at the sea; Healing Peter’s Mother-in-Law; Raising Jairus’s Daughter; Transfiguration; Who Sits on Jesus’s Right and Left in Glory?; Fire on Samaritan Town; Jesus at Mount of Olives; Gethsemane; James gets +2 to spiritual Miraculous Catch of 153 Fish charisma when excited, -2 Death: 41 or 44 AD in Jerusalem – first when setbacks spur him to apostle to be martyred and the only one violence. (Luke 9:51-56) whose death is recorded in scripture. Herod (probably Herod Agrippa) ordered him to be executed by sword. See Him in Art: He is associated with a scallop shell or cockle shell. He is also often depicted with a pilgrim’s hat. BACKGROUND & CALLING James and John were the children of Zebedee and Salome. - 
												
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University of Warwick institutional repository: http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of Warwick http://go.warwick.ac.uk/wrap/77733 This thesis is made available online and is protected by original copyright. Please scroll down to view the document itself. Please refer to the repository record for this item for information to help you to cite it. Our policy information is available from the repository home page. Guido da Siena’s Narrative Panels and the Madonna del Voto: The Formation of the Marian Civic Identity in Sienese Art c.1260 Volume One of two volumes (Text) by Kayoko Ichikawa A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the History of Art at the University of Warwick. This dissertation may not be photocopied. University of Warwick, Department of the History of Art September 2015 Table of Contents Volume 1: Acknowledgements iv Declaration vi Abstract vii List of Abbreviations viii List of Illustrations ix Introduction 1 1. Sienese Art in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries 3 Historical Background Sienese School: Artists from Siena Sienese Art: Geographical Expansion 2. Altarpiece Studies: From Reconstruction to Recontextualisation 7 Decontextualisation of Religious Art Reconstruction: Rediscovery of the Most Complex Altarpiece Recontextualisation: Further Development of Altarpiece Studies 3. Studies of the Pictorial Narrative 13 Gospel Narrative Cycles Setting and Audience: Comprehensive Church Decoration Form and Function: Places of Narrative The Role of Pictorial Narrative Iconography and Programme: Thematical Development 4. The History of Guido da Siena’s Narrative Panels 20 i Chapter 1 The Reconstruction 28 1. - 
												
												A Brief Historical Survey of the Catholicosate
1 A BRIEF HISTORICAL SURVEY OF THE ARMENIAN APOSTOLIC CHURCH Christianity in Armenia can be traced back to the age of the Apostles. The Apostolic Church of Armenia acknowledges as its original founders two of the twelve Apostles of Christ, St. Thaddeus and St. Bartholomew, who evangelized in Armenia, and were martyred there. It was at the beginning of the fourth century, during the reign of King Trirdates III, and through the missionary efforts of St. Gregory that Christianity was declared and adopted as the official religion of Armenia in 301 A.D. Until the 5th century, Christian worship in Armenia was conducted in Greek or Syriac. In 404 A.D., St. Mesrob together with the Catholicos St. Sahag (387-439), having the financial assistance and collaboration of King Vramshabouh, invented the Armenian alphabet in 404, which became a decisive and crucial event for Armenian Christianity. Soon after with a number of disciples, St. Mesrob worked on the translation of the Bible and a large number of religious and theological works were translated into Armenian, and the golden age of classical Armenian literature began shortly thereafter. This “cultural revolution” gave national identity and led to one of the most creative and prolific periods in the history of Armenian culture. The Armenian Apostolic Church aligns herself with the non- Chalcedonian or with lesser-Eastern-Orthodox churches, namely: Syrian Orthodox Church; Coptic Orthodox Church; Ethiopian Orthodox Church. They all accept the first three Ecumenical Councils of Nicaea (325), Constantinople (381), and Ephesus (431). The Armenian Church has traditionally maintained two Catholicosates: The Catholi-cosate of Etchmiadzin in Armenia, and Catholicosate of Holy See of Cilicia in Antelias-Lebanon. - 
												
												Heghnar Zeitlian Watenpaugh, the Missing Pages: the Modern Life Of
Heghnar Zeitlian Watenpaugh, The Missing Pages: The Modern Life of a Medieval Manuscript, from Genocide to Justice (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2019) 402 pp. Reviewed by Elyse Semerdjian An illuminated Armenian manuscript containing the gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John rests in an archive in Yerevan, Armenia, while its missing eight pages of canon tables—concordance lists of passages that connect related episodes within the gospels—are housed at the Getty Museum in Los Angeles. The dismembered Zeytun Gospels is the topic of The Missing Pages, Heghnar Watenpaugh’s biography of a manuscript and the history of the people to whom it belongs. The story begins with the manuscript’s creation by master painter Toros Roslin in 1256 in Zeytun, a pristine rural enclave in Cilicia prior to the campaign to exterminate Ottoman Armenians that would eventually send the manuscript into exile. The Zeytun Gospels offers us an important lesson to consider the fate of stolen antiquities in Syria, including the future legal battles over provenance and custodianship. The Armenian manuscript drew attention in 2010 during a lawsuit initiated by the Armenian Western Prelacy against the Getty Museum in Los Angeles over provenance and ownership of stolen Armenian heritage. Watenpaugh unfurls the mystery of how the manuscript was cleaved in two and how its legacy spread across seven countries concluding with a lawsuit that left eight missing pages in Los Angeles. Watenpaugh’s study will be appreciated by audiences hungry for excellent story telling. The chapters skillfully unravel the mystery of the Missing Pages as it travels from the Hromkla fortress where they were composed to Zeytun where the gospels were held in an iron box within the Church of the Holy Mother of God and later moved to Marash by Dr. - 
												
												THE ARMENIAN Ctator Volume LXXXIX, NO
SEPTEMBER 22, 2018 Mirror-SpeTHE ARMENIAN ctator Volume LXXXIX, NO. 10, Issue 4554 $ 2.00 NEWS The First English Language Armenian Weekly in the United States Since 1932 INBRIEF Azeri Forces Break Macron, Pashinyan Meet in Paris Ceasefire more than 250 Times PARIS (RFE/RL) — French President Emmanuel Macron met with Armenian YEREVAN (Armenpress) — Azerbaijani armed Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan in Paris on forces have committed nearly 250 individual cease- Friday, September 14, for talks focused on fire violations from September 9 to 15, according an upcoming summit of Francophonie to the Defense Ministry of Artsakh. nations to be held in Yerevan next month. The ministry Artsakh forces maintains full con- According to the Armenian prime minis- trol at the frontline and confidently continue car- ter’s spokesman, Macron and Pashinyan rying out their mission. also discussed issues pertaining to the busi- The Azerbaijani armed forces have opened cross- ness forum to be organized within the border gunfire at the village of Chinari in framework of the Francophonie summit in Armenia’s Tavush Province. Chinari official Samvel the Armenian capital. Saghoyan said the situation has been tense since Greeting Pashinyan, Macron reportedly September 14, and that Azerbaijani troops opened highlighted the importance of the a sustained volley of gunfire at the village at night. Armenian leader’s visit to France, express- “They were firing large caliber heavy machine ing conviction that “it will promote and guns,” he said. give a new impetus to the further - 
												
												Final Report
RA Parliamentary Elections April 2, 2017 “Independent Observer” Public Alliance Final Report 2017 RA Parliamentary Elections April 2, 2017 “Independent Observer” Public Alliance Final Report 2017 Editor Artur Sakunts Authors Vardine Grigoryan Anush Hambaryan Daniel Ioannisyan Artur Harutyunyan The observation mission was carried out with the financial assistance of the Council of Europe and European Union, European Endowment for Democracy, Open Society Foundations - Armenia, Sigrid Rausing Trust, Czech Embassy in Armenia and Norwegian Helsinki Committee. The report was produced with the financial assistance of the European Union and Council of Europe. The “Long-term Electoral Assistance to the Election Related Stakeholders in Armenia” Project is funded within European Union and Council of Europe Programmatic Co-operation Framework in the Eastern Partnership Countries for 2015-2017. The views expressed herein can in no way be taken to represent the official opinions of the funding organizations. All rights reserved. Contents Introduction ......................................................................................................... 7 Methodology ........................................................................................................ 8 Legislative Framework and Political Context ................................................. 10 Organization of Elections .................................................................................. 18 Electoral Commissions................................................................................... - 
												
												Armenian Church of Atlanta June 2008
Armenian Church of Atlanta June 2008 In This Issue Solemn Divine Liturgy Father’s Day Luncheon Fifth Sunday after Pentecost Battle of Sardarabad His Holiness Is 2:5-11, Rom 8:31-10:4 MT 13:16-23 Karekin’s visit with the Pope Construction in Holy Etchmiadzin Sunday, June 15, 2008 Update from our PC 11:00 a.m. at Hye Doon chairman Mission parish forms Celebrant Update from Women’s guild Very Rev. Fr Zaven Yazichyan Chair Armenian Language 9820 Coleman Road Classes Roswell, GA 30075 Sunday School Thank you letter to Women’s Guild Garage Sale Kef Night Recipe of the Month Armenian Poem You Rejoice My Heart ACYOA update Birth Announcements Piggy Bank Graduation news Ads Photos June 2008 Page 2 of 14 Diocese News & Articles COMMEMORATING THE BATTLE OF SARDARABAD This year marks the 90th anniversary of the victory of the battle of Sardarabad. In 1918, the enem y, far better equipped and with more trained soldiers, was just five miles away from Holy Etchmiadzin. His Holiness Catholicos Gevorg V was advised to evacuate the Holy See. His response was that he was not going to abandon the Mother See, and if he was going to die, he preferred to die in Holy Etchmiadzin. He also sent clergy to the battlefield to encourage the people to stand firm against the enemy. Among the clergy was Fr. Garegin Hovsepian, later the Primate of this Diocese and Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia. It was a second Avarayr or Vartanantz, but this time the Armenians managed to repulse the enemy and secured their right to live in a land which eventually became the Armenian Republic of today.