Easychair Preprint Study on the Influence of Western Planning
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Shanghai, China's Capital of Modernity
SHANGHAI, CHINA’S CAPITAL OF MODERNITY: THE PRODUCTION OF SPACE AND URBAN EXPERIENCE OF WORLD EXPO 2010 by GARY PUI FUNG WONG A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOHPY School of Government and Society Department of Political Science and International Studies The University of Birmingham February 2014 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis examines Shanghai’s urbanisation by applying Henri Lefebvre’s theories of the production of space and everyday life. A review of Lefebvre’s theories indicates that each mode of production produces its own space. Capitalism is perpetuated by producing new space and commodifying everyday life. Applying Lefebvre’s regressive-progressive method as a methodological framework, this thesis periodises Shanghai’s history to the ‘semi-feudal, semi-colonial era’, ‘socialist reform era’ and ‘post-socialist reform era’. The Shanghai World Exposition 2010 was chosen as a case study to exemplify how urbanisation shaped urban experience. Empirical data was collected through semi-structured interviews. This thesis argues that Shanghai developed a ‘state-led/-participation mode of production’. -
Shanghai Urbanism: Reflections from the Outside In
Shanghai Urbanism: Reflections from the Outside In AUTHORED JOINTLY BY: UTE LEHRER PAUL BAILEY CARA CHELLEW ANTHONY J. DIONIGI JUSTIN FOK VICTORIA HO PRISCILLA LAN CHUNG YANG DILYA NIEZOVA NELLY VOLPERT CATHY ZHAO MCRI ii| Page Executive Summary This report was prepared by graduate students who took part in York University’s Critical Urban Planning Workshop, held in Shanghai, China in May of 2015. Instructed by Professor Ute Lehrer, the course was offered in the context of the Major Collaborative Research Initiative on Global Suburbanisms, a multi-researcher project analyzing how the phenomenon of contemporary population growth, which is occurring rapidly in the suburbs, is creating new stresses and opportunities with respect to land, governance, and infrastructure. As a rapidly growing city, Shanghai is exposed to significant challenges with regard to social, economic, environmental, and cultural planning. The workshop was rich in exposure to a myriad of analyses and landscapes, combining lectures, field trips, and meetings with local academics, planners, and activists, our group learned about the successes and challenges facing China’s most populous city. Indeed, this place-based workshop allowed for spontaneous exploration outside of the traditional academic spheres as well, and therefore the reflections shared in this report encompass the more ordinary, experiential side of navigating Shanghai’s metro system, restaurants, streets, and parks in daily life. As a rapidly growing city, Shanghai has achieved numerous successes and faces significant challenges with regard to land-use, social, economic, environmental and cultural planning. As a team of prospective planners with diverse backgrounds, we met with local academics, planners, and activists, and engaged in lectures and field research in Shanghai and nearby towns with the aim to learn from the planning context in Shanghai. -
Shanghai's History
China & the WTO Shanghais History Back to the Future By Kerrie L MacPherson hanghaiand there is no place in China like Shanghaiis the arena where Chinas commitent Sto opening up to the outside world will be tested. Chinas entry into the WTO has catapulted its biggest, richest, and most controversial city to world league competition and all eyes will be on the home team. Kerrie L MacPherson is an Associate Professor of History Evocative as such sporting metaphors may be, my and a Fellow of the Center of Urban rhetoric obscures the reality of the grim alternatives to Planning and Environmental Manage- integration with the world economy. Yet as they say in ment at the University of Hong Kong. Shanghai with a shrug, burong xuanze de xuanze (roughly translated, no other possible choice), for Shanghainese realize that although their city will set the pace for change, they must confront deeply impacted eco- nomic and political problems and wrestle with the implications of accepting and internalizing interna- tional standards. This, of course, is just another way of saying that capitalism in its contemporary mani- festations has returned to Chinas historically most capitalist place. HARVARD ASIA PACIFIC REVIEW 37 Feature Indeed, what does history have to tell us about Shanghais bors shaped the agendas and scope of local governments and relations to the outside world in the so-called space of flows the condition of the port, creating one of the most unique met- (economic, political and social) within a scant 160 years of os- ropolitan centers in the world. tensibly modern development? One thing is clear: it has been However, qualifications are in order. -
Art Deco Shanghai
Art Deco Shanghai Ian Ferguson, M.A. (Art History), Carleton University (2014) Art Deco Shanghai View of the Bund in the inter-war period from a vintage poster Why Shanghai? • China’s largest treaty port and foreign concession • concentration of capital and booming economy • Unique in China: foreign law applied; protection for wealthy; island of stability until Pearl Harbour; always a place where money churned. • Architectural style depended on the client; fit well with classical Chinese design • Today, one of the largest collections of Art Deco buildings in the world. Map of Shanghai in the inter-war period Foreign laws applied in the International Settlement and the French Concession providing a stable business environment favoured by many Chinese. Different voltages, police, power, fire brigades, trolley systems Until 1945, traffic on left; according to locals, chaos ever since; Bank of China (1941), architects Luke Him Sau and Palmer & Palmer What is Art Deco? Romantic rather than academic term. Associated with terms like: modern, streamlined, luxurious, speed, futuristic, hedonism. Term dates to 1960s, but linked back to 1925 Paris Exposition. Best seen as a continuum with Bauhaus style at extreme end. Shanghai population • First Wave: 1842 - UK businessmen after end of Opium 1920 - 2 million Wars and opening of Treaty Ports; 1863: UK-USA create the 1940 - 4.5 million International Settlement; French Concession separate; Foreigners - less than • Second Wave: early 1900s: Jews 4% fleeing Russian pogroms; • Third Wave: post 1917 - 5th largest city in the remnants of the defeated White world. Russian Army; 25,000 by end of 1930s; «The White Russians Waves of growth made the city sing and dance.» • Fourth Wave: 1930s - Jews following colonial fleeing war and persecution in Europe. -
Government Gangsters
Government Gangsters: The Green Gang and the Guomindang 1927-1937 Presented to The Faculty of the Departments of History and Political Science The Colorado College In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Arts By Julian Henri Neylan May 2017 2 Introduction From 1932-1939, the Guomindang regime in China under Chiang Kai-Shek (1887-1975) collaborated with the Shanghai Green Gang; a secret society that engaged in criminal activities. The Guomindang, also referred to as the Nationalist party, was a political party founded in 1911 that ruled over China from 1927 until 1949. In 1932, The Guomindang was in dire need of revenue and needed to extract any financial resources they could from every level of Shanghai society. The power of the local Guomindang party branch in Shanghai was not sufficient to enforce the law, so illicit elements such as the Green Gang were able to make a profit on the margins of society. Instead of fighting entrenched criminal enterprises, the Guomindang used the Green Gang to gain revenue and further government interests within the city. The union of the Government and the Gang benefited both, as the Guomindang needed revenue from narcotics sales and the Green Gang needed government backed security and legitimacy to run their massive drug distribution networks and enter the financial world of Shanghai. Despite the Guomindang and the Green Gang’s mutual benefit, there were areas in which the collaboration did not work. The conditions that allowed the Guomindang to back Green Gang opium distribution were easily disrupted, especially when negative media attention emerged. -
Download Thesis
This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Western Music and Municipality in 1930s and 1940s Shanghai Liao, Yen Jen Yvonne Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 05. Oct. 2021 Western Music and Municipality in 1930s and 1940s Shanghai Yen Jen Yvonne Liao PhD King’s College London, 2016 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Music ABSTRACT The aim of this thesis is to examine the complex relationship between western music and municipality in 1930s and 1940s Shanghai. -
Games of History and Politics–Architecture of Great Chinese
Teresa BArDzińSkA-BonenBerg* GAMES OF HISTORY AND POLITICS – ARCHITECTURE OF GREAT CHINESE CITIES: SHANGHAI IGRASZKI HISTORII I POLITYKI – ARCHITEKTURA WIELKICH MIAST CHIN: SZANGHAJ S u m m a r y Since the beginning of the 20th century development of great Chinese cities has been influenced by foreign patterns. Houses of different types have been built among the traditional buildings. The areas of Shanghai “concessions” were built in a specific way. After the war Soviet influences were introduced. Nowadays international corpo- rations outdo one another in the height and originality of their skyscrapers. Keywords: city centre, concessions, vernacular architecture, communication, scale, form, technique, construction Streszczenie od początku XX w. rozwój wielkich chińskich miast odbywał się pod coraz więk- szym wpływem europejskich i amerykańskich wzorców. Wśród rodzimej tkanki mia- sta pojawiały się kamienice, apartamentowce, rezydencje. W Szanghaju, w szczegól- ny sposób zabudowano tereny eksterytorialnych europejskich „koncesji”. Po wojnie wpływ wywarły radzieckie koncepcje urbanistyczne i architektoniczne. Obecnie mię- dzynarodowe korporacje prowadzą swoisty konkurs wysokości i oryginalności form swych nowych siedzib. Słowa kluczowe: centrum miasta, koncesje, architektura rodzima, komunikacja, ska- la, forma, technika, konstrukcja * Assoc. Prof. Ph.D. D.Sc. Arch. Teresa Bardzińska-Bonenberg, Faculty of Architecture and Design, University of Arts in Poznań. 5 1. Introduction over the last 150 years Chinese-Western relations have seen both ups and downs. Until the outbreak of war with Japan in 1937 Shanghai – called “Paris of the East” – had been developed in line with European and American traditions. In the 1920s and 1930s political decisions contributed to the renaissance of traditional Chinese architecture. After the war cul- turally alien ideas and technologies were imported from the Soviet Union. -
Spectacular Post-Colonial Cities: Markets, Ideology and Globalization in the Making of Shanghai and Hong Kong
SPECTACULAR POST-COLONIAL CITIES: MARKETS, IDEOLOGY AND GLOBALIZATION IN THE MAKING OF SHANGHAI AND HONG KONG by Ying-Fen Huang M.A., University ofCalifornia Los Angeles, 1997 B.A., Fu Jen Catholic University, 1992 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfilment ofthe Requirements for the Degree of Doctor ofPhilosophy in the School ofCommunication © Ying-Fen Huang 2008 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY Summer 2008 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or part, by photocopy or other means, without permission ofthe author. APPROVAL NAME Ying-Fen Huang DEGREE PhD TITLE OF DISSERTATION: Spectacular Post-Colonial Cities: Markets, Ideology and Globalization in the Making of Shanghai and Hong Kong EXAMINING COMMITTEE: CHAIR: Catherine Murray, Professor Richard Gruneau Professor School of Communication Martin Laba Director & Associate Professor School of Communication Yuezhi Zhao Associate Professor School of Communication Shane Gunster Assistant Professor School of Communication David Ley Canada Research Chair Geography UBC DATE: SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Declaration of Partial Copyright Licence The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. The author has further granted permission to Simon Fraser University to keep or make a digital copy for use in its circulating collection (currently available to the public at the "Institutional Repository" link of the SFU Library website <www.lib.sfu.ca> at: <http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/112>) and, without changing the content, to translate the thesis/project or extended essays, if technically possible, to any medium or format for the purpose of preservation of the digital work. -
Architectural Models and Their Contexts in China's 20Th-Century
Architectural Models and Their Contexts in China’s 20th-Century Architectural Heritage: An Overview* Qing Chang College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai, China Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT The article explores the morphological evolution of China’s 20th-century architecture chronologically. Chinese Neoclassicism has played a major role in forming the 20th-century heritage buildings surviving today. The phenomenon of Neoclassicism emerged because of the late arrival of China’s modernisation and industrialisation process compared with the West. In turn, in accepting and contesting Western culture, the Chinese elite have con- sciously relied upon architecture as a vehicle to uphold visible symbols of national Chinese identity and traditional Chinese culture. Meanwhile, in the foreign settlements of the treaty ports such as Shanghai, the Western Neoclassical style, along with other imported construction trends, also forms part of China’s 20th-century architectural heritage. Western Neoclassicism’s influence on China’s new architecture became even more evident in the mid-20th century, with the modern architectural heritage in Tiananmen Square as its exemplar. Nevertheless, the impact of Western modernist architecture on China’s architecture was minimal. It was not until the 1980s, as China reopened to the world, that various schools of thought from the post-industrial West flowed into China, which significantly enriched the types and sources of China’s 20th-century architectural heritage. Modern Classicism, late Modernism and Post- modernism all found their way into China’s contemporary architecture. KEYWORDS China’s 20th-century architectural heritage, model, pseudo-classic, classical Chinese style, national style, neo-Chinese style, diversification Received July 10, 2019; accepted July 17, 2019. -
Knowledge and Innovative Community
June 2015 ULI Case Studies Knowledge and Innovation Community QUICK FACTS Location Wujiaochang, Yangpu District Shanghai, China Project type Mixed use, three uses or more Site size 49 hectares (121 ac) Land Uses Office, retail, restaurants, residential, education hotel, sports and recreation, government, parking Keywords/special features Innovation district, green building, adaptive use, pedestrian-friendly design, live/work space, technology companies, science city Website www.shuionland.com/en-us/property/project/ detail/shanghai_kic Project address SHUI ON LAND Shui On Development Limited KIC Plaza I and II features attractive open spaces with water features that provide a quiet place for office Knowledge and Innovation Community Project workers to relax. B1/F, Building 10, KIC Plaza 290 Songhu Road, Yangpu District PROJECT SUMMARY Shanghai 200433 Developer Knowledge and Innovation Community (KIC) is a large, mixed-use Shui On Land technology innovation community developed amid several of Shanghai’s Shanghai, China www.shuionland.com premier universities. Located in the subcenter of Wujiaochang in Yangpu Public sector development partner District, about nine kilometers (5.6 mi) from the city center, KIC’s 49 Shanghai Yangpu University City Investment and Development Co. Ltd. hectares (121 ac) and 762,217 square meters (8.2 million sq ft) of space is Shanghai, China designed to foster creative and entrepreneurial culture. The development of Master planners this high-quality mixed-use urban environment—combining office space Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM) www.som.com with research and development (R&D), educational, training, investment, ARUP Group Limited and incubator services—especially appeals to young people. Through www.arup.com design, programming, and ongoing activities, KIC brings together students, Shanghai Urban Planning and Design Research Institute researchers, entrepreneurs, and residents in a “three-zone linkage” of urban www.supdri.com office, retail, and mixed-use community. -
Exhibiting an Imaginary Past: a Case Study of the Gallery of the Scene of the Republican Period in the Nanjing Museum
Exhibiting an imaginary past: a case study of the Gallery of the Scene of the Republican Period in the Nanjing Museum Boyu Xiao S1633988 Asian Studies (Research Master) Table of Contents Abstract ............................................................................................................................ 1 I. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 2 II. Theories and methodologies ................................................................................. 5 1. The history of museums ................................................................................................... 6 1.1 Museum definition .................................................................................................................... 6 1.2 Museum history .......................................................................................................................... 7 1.3 Chinese museum history ......................................................................................................... 9 1.4 Nanjing Museum ...................................................................................................................... 15 2. A literature review of memory studies ....................................................................... 17 2.1 Definition of memory ............................................................................................................. 17 2.2 Collective memory: memory and group-making -
The Griffin Plan for Shanghai, 1904-1906 James Weirick*
The 18th International Planning History Society Conference - Yokohama, July 2018 The Griffin Plan for Shanghai, 1904-1906 James Weirick* *Faculty of Built Environment, University of New South Wales, email address: [email protected] Abstract: An event in Yokohama in January 1906 – the accidental death of the Chinese trade commissioner to Japan, Huang Kaijia (1860-1906)– seems to have ended one of the most intriguing city planning ventures of the early modern era. Two years previously, as Imperial Vice Commissioner to the St Louis Exposition, Huang Kaijia was almost certainly the ‘delegate from the Chinese government’ who commissioned the design of a ‘new city at Shanghai’ from the American architect and landscape architect Walter Burley Griffin (1876-1937). This paper reviews the testimony emanating from Griffin and his colleagues on which the claim for a Shanghai city plan from 1904-1906 is based; the modernising impulses in Shanghai at the time; and the broader context of ‘New China’ reforms initiated by the Qing Dynasty in the first decade of the twentieth century. From the available descriptions, the following details of the proposal can be established. First, the project was a Chinese initiative, not a ‘colonial’ venture associated with the Foreign Settlements. Second, the proposal involved ‘a modern city on a new site’ located ‘a few miles’ from the traditional walled city. Third, the project was conceived as an alternative to the ‘narrow streets, swarming tenements and insanitary areas’ of the ‘old city’ – and, indeed, included