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2019 International Religious Freedom Report
CHINA (INCLUDES TIBET, XINJIANG, HONG KONG, AND MACAU) 2019 INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM REPORT Executive Summary Reports on Hong Kong, Macau, Tibet, and Xinjiang are appended at the end of this report. The constitution, which cites the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, states that citizens have freedom of religious belief but limits protections for religious practice to “normal religious activities” and does not define “normal.” Despite Chairman Xi Jinping’s decree that all members of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) must be “unyielding Marxist atheists,” the government continued to exercise control over religion and restrict the activities and personal freedom of religious adherents that it perceived as threatening state or CCP interests, according to religious groups, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and international media reports. The government recognizes five official religions – Buddhism, Taoism, Islam, Protestantism, and Catholicism. Only religious groups belonging to the five state- sanctioned “patriotic religious associations” representing these religions are permitted to register with the government and officially permitted to hold worship services. There continued to be reports of deaths in custody and that the government tortured, physically abused, arrested, detained, sentenced to prison, subjected to forced indoctrination in CCP ideology, or harassed adherents of both registered and unregistered religious groups for activities related to their religious beliefs and practices. There were several reports of individuals committing suicide in detention, or, according to sources, as a result of being threatened and surveilled. In December Pastor Wang Yi was tried in secret and sentenced to nine years in prison by a court in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, in connection to his peaceful advocacy for religious freedom. -
FREEDOM of RELIGION: UN and European Human Rights Law And
This page intentionally left blank FREEDOM OF RELIGION The scale and variety of acts of religious intolerance evident in so many countries today are of enormous contemporary concern. This timely study attempts a thorough and systematic treatment of both Universal and European practice side by side. The standards applicable to freedom of religion are subjected to a detailed critique, and their development and implementation within the UN is distinguished from that within Strasbourg, in order to discern trends and obstacles to their advance- ment and to highlight the rationale for any apparent departures between the two systems. This dual focus also demonstrates the acute need for the European Court to heed the warnings from various patterns of violation throughout the world illustrated by the Human Rights Committee and the Special Rapporteur on freedom of religion or belief. PAUL M. TAYLOR is a Barrister (Lincoln’s Inn). FREEDOM OF RELIGION UN and European Human Rights Law and Practice PAUL M. TAYLOR camʙʀɪdɢe uɴɪveʀsɪtʏ pʀess Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge cʙ2 2ʀu, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521856492 © Paul M. Taylor 2005 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written -
Ubimaf-Catalog-Eng.Pdf
4TH ULAANBAATAR INTERNATIONAL MEDIA ART FESTIVAL MIGRATION Energy center, Dornogobi MN 17 Art gallery Centrel Museum of Playtime music festival Mongolian Dinosaurus 2019.06.21-23 2019.06.27-07.07 2019.07.05-07 2019.06.27 Organizer: Co-Organizer: Sponsors: Official partners: Supporters: Media partners: GREETING FROM ARTS COUNCIL OF MONGOLIA With high smartphone and internet users edition expands the festival’s scope with reaching 2.6 million in 2016 (Media Atlas. four different occasions being held over the Mongolia. 2016), Mongolia is considerably a course of the festival. The festival will open country with high technology consumers. with “Train Migration to Gobi” a mobile However, advancement of technology installation, performance and interactive and its use in the arts is underdeveloped. talks with 36 people on the train trip to Gobi Responding to this challenge, ACM initiated within the framework of Нүүдэл-movement Ulaanbaatar International Media Arts Festival aspect of migration. The idea is to focus on in 2016 with commitment to facilitating the movement part of migration and invite innovation, collaboration, strategic growth young artist, curators,and scholars to share and cultural impact for the media arts in their work and practice related to mobility. Mongolia and around the world and through Food migration will also be the main platform of forward-thinking and inclusive highlight of the journey and chef Kumar programs that hold space for a dynamic Bansal will share his story on food migration network of artists and organizations from India to Mongolia along with each committed to powerful creative storytelling participants story food migration. -
The Tibetan Nonviolent Struggle: a Strategic and Historical Analysis
ICNC MONOGRAPH SERIES The Tibetan Nonviolent Struggle: A Strategic and Historical Analysis Tenzin Dorjee ICNC MONOGRAPH SERIES Cover photos: (l) John Ackerly, 1987, (r) Invisible Tibet Blog SERIES EDITOR: Maciej Bartkowski John Ackerly’s photo of the first major demonstration in Lhasa in 1987 CONTACT: [email protected] became an emblem for the Tibet movement. The monk Jampa Tenzin, who is being lifted by fellow protesters, had just rushed into a burning VOLUME EDITORS: Hardy Merriman, Amber French, police station to rescue Tibetan detainees. With his arms charred by the Cassandra Balfour flames, he falls in and out of consciousness even as he leads the crowd CONTACT: [email protected] in chanting pro-independence slogans. The photographer John Ackerly Other volumes in this series: became a Tibet advocate and eventually President of the International Campaign for Tibet (1999 to 2009). To read more about John Ackerly’s The Power of Staying Put: Nonviolent Resistance experience in Tibet, see his book co-authored by Blake Kerr, Sky Burial: against Armed Groups in Colombia, Juan Masullo An Eyewitness Account of China’s Brutal Crackdown in Tibet. (2015) Invisible Tibet Blog’s photo was taken during the 2008 Tibetan uprising, The Maldives Democracy Experience (2008-13): when Tibetans across the three historical provinces of Tibet rose up From Authoritarianism to Democracy and Back, to protest Chinese rule. The protests began on March 10, 2008, a few Velezinee Aishath (2015) months ahead of the Beijing Olympic Games, and quickly became the largest, most sustained nonviolent movement Tibet has witnessed. Published by the International Center on Nonviolent Conflict The designations used and material presented in this publication do P.O. -
Iso/Iec Jtc1/Sc2/Wg2 L2/11-125
ISO/IEC JTC1/SC2/WG2 N4026 L2/11-125 2011-04-25 Title: Revised Preliminary Proposal to Encode Soyombo in the UCS Source: Script Encoding Initiative (SEI) Author: Anshuman Pandey ([email protected]) Status: Liaison Contribution Action: For consideration by UTC and WG2 Date: 2011-04-25 1 Introduction This document is a revision of “Preliminary Proposal to Encode the Soyombo Script in ISO/IEC 10646” (N3949 L2/10-399). The major change is the encoding model for vowels. Vowel letters are now to be written using a vowel-carrier letter and a set of combining signs (see N3986 L2/11-054). Additional changes include minor revisions to character names and properties. Some issues identified during additional research are enumerated in Section 5. Resolution of these issues is necessary before a final encoding for Soyombo may be established. The Soyombo font used here is based upon the font developed by Oliver Corff in August 1996 for his “Soyombo for LATEX” package. Some modifications have been made to Corff’s font and new glyphs added by the present author. A new font is being developed and will accompany the formal proposal. 2 Background Soyombo (Mongolian: Соёмбо бичиг soyombo bicig) is a script used for writing Mongolian, Sanskrit, and Tibetan. It was used mainly for producing ornamental Buddhist texts.1 The script was designed in 1686 by Zanabazar (1635–1723), the first spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia, who also developed the Xäwtää Dörböljin (Horizonal Square) script.2 The name soyombo (ᡒᡍᡶᡖ) is derived from Sanskrit वयंभु svayaṃbhu ‘self-existing’. -
Factor Analysis of the Secondary School Students' Knowledge, Skills
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN: 2319-7064 ResearchGate Impact Factor (2018): 0.28 | SJIF (2018): 7.426 Factor Analysis of the Secondary School Students‟ Knowledge, Skills on and Attitude towards the Traditional Customs Lkhagvamaa Baatar1, Narantuya Mend2, Myagmarsuren Boldbaatar3 1MONGEN secondary school. E-mail address: lkhagii0311[at]gmail.com 2Department of Education and Psychology, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. E-mail address: m.narantuya[at]num.edu.com 3Department of Demography, School of Social Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. E-mail address: boldmiga[at]gmail.com Abstract: The study is designed to assess current status and factors of the students’ knowledge, skills and attitude of and towards traditional customs with the utmost goal to direct national educational policy on Mongolian youth in the emerging globalized era. According to the findings, it is imperative for any nation to embrace customs, traditions that derive from daily life and education is considered a key tool to achieve the above goal. The research question is to what extent the national curriculum supports such inter- curriculum issues as youth’ knowledge and skills on the traditional customs and what are the factors of its successful implementation. The research framework covers the study of the students’ academic performance in the area of traditional customs by developing test, task, content analysis of the curriculum and the textbook analysis, parents’, teachers’ and schools’ factors as well. Totally 3, 095 students, 17 secondary schools of Ulaanbaatar city and regions covered. The result shows that poor performance of the students’ knowledge, skills and attitude towards tradition is directly connected to the national curriculum, such factors as an identified skill on the traditions [Sig=.000] and devoted time [Sig=000]. -
ASIAN Philosophy of Protected Areas
ASIAN Philosophy of Protected Areas ! ! ! ! ! Asian Philosophy of Protected Areas Prepared by: Amran Hamzah Dylan Jefri Ong Dario Pampanga Centre for Innovative Planning and Development (CiPD) Faculty of Built Environment Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Skudai, Johor, Malaysia October 2013 ! ! ! ! ! Asian Philosophy of Protected Areas Acknowledgement This report has been prepared for the IUCN Biodiversity Conservation Programme, Asia, with the generous financial support of the Ministry of the Environment, Japan. The authors would like to thank both the above agencies for their continuous support through the duration of the research, especially to Scott Perkin, the Head of the IUCN Biodiversity Conservation Programme and Tanya Wattanakorn. Many individuals provided assistance in the form of providing information, comments and suggestions and we are indebted to them. We would like to single out the exceptional contributions given by Nigel Crawhall, Les Clark, Lawal Marafa, Robert Blasiak in giving us constructive comments and suggestions to improve the report. Thanks too to the team from the Centre for Innovative Planning and Development (CIPD), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia for carrying out the fieldwork at Kinabalu Park, Sabah and the subsequent analysis. Sabah Parks kindly provided assistance during our fieldwork and we are grateful to its Director, Mr. Paul Basintal and Mr. Maipol Spait for their continuous help. Finally a big thank you to Yong Jia Yaik and Abdullah Lahat for their technical and editorial assistance. Amran Hamzah Dylan -
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
4 COM ITH/09/4.COM/CONF.209/14 Paris, 31 August 2009 Original: English UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION CONVENTION FOR THE SAFEGUARDING OF THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE INTERGOVERNMENTAL COMMITTEE FOR THE SAFEGUARDING OF THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE Fourth session Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates 28 September to 2 October 2009 Item 14 of the Provisional Agenda: Evaluation of the nominations for inscription on the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding Summary Eight States Parties submitted twelve nominations for inscription in 2009 on the Urgent Safeguarding List. In conformity with paragraph 5 of the Operational Directives and Decision 3.COM 10, these nominations have been examined by examiners appointed by the Bureau of the Committee. This document includes a set of draft decisions, and annexes with an overview of each nomination and the two examination reports. The nomination files are available on the website of the Convention. Decision required: paragraph 13. ITH/09/4.COM/CONF.209/14 page 2 1. According to Article 17 of the Convention, the Committee establishes, keeps up to date and publishes the List of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding and inscribes such heritage on the List at the request of the State Party concerned. 2. At its second session, the General Assembly adopted the Operational Directives of the Convention (Resolution 2.GA 5), including the criteria and procedures for inscription on the Urgent Safeguarding List (Chapter 1.1). These Directives include in their paragraph 18 a transitional timetable for the first inscriptions on the List. -
The Bank of Mongolia the BANK of MONGOLIA
THE BANK OF MONGOLIA THE BANK OF MONGOLIA ANNUAL REPORT 2020 FOREWORD BY THE GOVERNOR OF THE BANK OF MONGOLIA On behalf of the Bank of Mongolia, I extend my sincere greetings to all of you and am pleased to present the Bank of Mongolia's annual report. It was a year marked with facing unprecedented challenges economically and socially. The Mongolian economy contracted by 5.3 percent in 2020, the worst contraction in the past 20 years, driven by non-economic shock. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic affecting every country across all sectors and people's lives, we successfully overcame economic and financial challenges together. In this regard, highlighting 3 crucial courses of actions: First, the Bank of Mongolia is taking necessary measures following international experience and laws to reduce the negative impact on the economy and the financial sector, to alleviate the financial difficulties and pressures of citizens, businesses, and financial institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The monetary policy outlook was eased through countercyclical measures, and the policy rate was reduced from 11 percent to a historically low of 6 percent. These policy measures will have a direct impact on economic recovery and lower interest rates. Second, Mongolia was removed from the Financial Action Task Force (FATF)'s list of jurisdictions under increased monitoring in a short amount of time. The European Commission also decided to remove Mongolia from its list of high-risk third countries with strategic deficiencies in their regime on anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing. Third, the togrog's exchange rate has remained stable despite the pandemic. -
Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman Or Degrading Treatment Or Punishment, Which Was Ratified on 2 November 2000 by the State Great Khural of Mongolia
United Nations CAT/C/MNG/1 Convention against Torture Distr.: General 22 February 2010 and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment Original: English or Punishment Committee against Torture Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 19 of the Convention Initial reports of States parties due in 2003 Mongolia*, ** [23 September 2009] * In accordance with the information transmitted to States parties regarding the processing of their reports, the present document was not formally edited before being sent to the United Nations translation services. ** Annexes to the present document are available with the Secretariat of the Committee. GE.10-41138 (E) 160310 CAT/C/MNG/1 Contents Paragraphs Page I. Introduction............................................................................................................. 1–2 3 II. General information ................................................................................................ 3–21 3 III. Implementation of the Convention.......................................................................... 22–211 6 Article 1................................................................................................................... 22–26 6 Article 2................................................................................................................... 27–42 7 Article 3................................................................................................................... 43–53 9 Article 4.................................................................................................................. -
ICTM B5.Indd
Department of Ethnomusicology, Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theatre in partnership with Klaipėda University, The Council for the Safeguarding of Ethnic Culture, The Klaipėda Ethnic Culture Center, and The Lithuanian Ethnic Culture Society 31st Symposium of the ICTM Study Group on Ethnochoreology 12th-18th July, 2021 Klaipėda, Lithuania ABSTRACTS BOOKLET Department of Ethnomusicology, Lithuanian Academy of Music and Theatre in partnership with Klaipėda University, The Council for the Safeguarding of Ethnic Culture, The Klaipėda Ethnic Culture Center, and The Lithuanian Ethnic Culture Society 31st Symposium of the ICTM Study Group on Ethnochoreology 12th-18th July, 2021 Klaipėda, Lithuania ABSTRACTS BOOKLET Symposium is supported by The author of the carp used for the cover – a certified master of national heritage products Diana Lukošiūnaitė Layout Rokas Gelažius Introductory Words by Dr. Catherine Foley Chair ICTM Study Group on Ethnochoreology The year 2020 has been a memorable and unprecedented year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic has presented health, social, economic and pedagogi- cal challenges worldwide, which has included the cancellation or postponement of many events. This included the postponement of the 31st Symposium of the ICTM Study Group on Ethnochoreology, which was due to have taken place in July 2020 in Klaipeda, Lithuania, but on public health advice, the Executive Committee made the decision to postpone the symposium to July 2021. With the prospect of COVID-19 vaccines being rolled out in different countries in early 2021, delegates were offered the opportunity to present either face-to-face presentations at the symposium in Klaipėda in July 2021 or online presentations. -
Why Flags Don't Change
LECTURE Dragons, Traditions, Emperors and Revolutions: An overview of flags and flag changes in Asia By Ralph Kelly At the Buenos Aires ICV, I presented a paper [1] that reviewed the changes in national flags in Latin America since independence, identifying patterns in the historical and current national flags with the aim of trying to understand why national flags change. Today, I will replicate that analysis for Asia. Firstly I need to define the area called “Asia”. “Asia” is as much a cultural concept as geographical area, so somewhat arbitrarily, I have chosen to restrict my vexillological analysis to include only the countries of Eastern and Southern Asia, excluding most Islamic countries of Central Asia as they have more historical and cultural affinity with the Middle East than with Eastern Asia.[2] In Latin America, independence from Spain or Portugal was a convenient starting point for my analysis. However in Asia, the colonial experience was far more diverse and in many ways had less impact on the nations in the region than in Latin America. The major Asian nations can date their foundations to the 12th and 14th Centuries and their cultures even earlier. For example, with a traditional date of Vietnamese independence of 939, the period of French colonialism from 1858 to 1954 can be regarded as merely an interruption to national sovereignty. The latter of 1859, 150 years ago, or the date of the first known flag for a country is a convenient, but arbitrary starting point for my analysis of Asian national flags. As with all non-European countries, information on early flags is far less available and reliable than desired.