First Record of Acetabularia Myriospora (Polyphysaceae, Chlorophyta) in the Ceará State, Brazil

Journal of Aquaculture & Marine Biology

First Record of Acetabularia myriospora (Polyphysaceae, Chlorophyta) in the Ceará State, Brazil

Abstract Case Report

On rocky shores, macroalgae play an ecological role as organizer of community structures, since they are source of food for many invertebrate species inhabiting their Volume 6 Issue 5 - 2017 fronds, as well as providing shelter from predators, enhancing environment conditions and reducing water movement. With this in mind, detecting new species on a regional

scale is of major importance for biodiversity monitoring and conservation. In the Acetabularia myriospora was made 1 A. myriospora Laboratório de Sanidade Aquática, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Brazil current study, a first record of the seaweed species A. calyculus (17.43%). This 2 in the offshore of Ceará state, Brazil. The Acetabulariafrequency of occurrencemyriospora of(Polyphysaceae, Pós-graduação em Produção Animal, Centro de Ciências Chlorophyta)(1.62%) is considered in the coastline low whether of Ceará compared state. to that of Agrárias, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Brazil study is the first record of the species 3Departamento de Oceanografia e Limnologia, Universidade Keywords: Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Brazil

Macroalgae; Biodiversity; Coastline; Seaweed *Corresponding author: Naibe Cristina de Figueiredo,

Agrárias, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Rio Laboratório de Sanidade Aquática, Centro de Ciências Email: Introduction Grande do Norte, Brazil, Tel: +55-84986352976; In the last century, an alarming rise in the dissemination of Received: | Published: December 04, November 14, 2017 2017 inexotic standard species species among and oceans habitat worldwide, diversity boostedare important by expand to the of maritime commerce and fish farming [1]. Studies on changes Hard surfaces as intertidal areas or continuously submerged occurrence was based on the number of samples, being estimated understanding of natural species assemblage structures [2]. rocks are ideal habitats for releasing of several organisms, such by the formula below: as algae [3]. On rocky shores, macroalgae play an ecological role as organizer of community structures, since they are source of To×100 Fo = food for many invertebrate species inhabiting their fronds, as Ta well as providing shelter from predators, enhancing environment conditions and reducing water movement [4,5]. With this in mind, detecting new species on a regional scale is of In which, Fo is the frequency of occurrence, To is the number of major importance for biodiversity monitoring and conservation. samples in which the taxon was found, and Ta is the total number of samples.Taxa classification as well as species and genus Acetabularia myriospora was made in the offshore of Ceará state, identifications were determined based on specific bibliography northeastIn the current Brazil. study, the first record of the seaweed species Resultsabout flora and and Discussion reviews of taxonomic groups [8]. Material and Methods The genus Acetabularia is divided into two subgenera: Acetabularia and Acicularia [9]. In Brazil, fourspecies belonging The study was performed in the algae bank of Barrinha, located to Acicularia Acetabularia schenckii Möbius, Acetabularia calyculus J.V.Lamourin Quoy & Gaimard, survey was made in two manual random samplings during spring Acetabulariawere crenulata identified: Acetabularia low-tideon the coastline days. Species of Icapuí were city, infound the state on rocks, of Ceará, sandstone Brazil. A reefsfloristic or myriospora1889; Joly & Cord.-Mar. in Jolyetal. 1965 [10]. Besides, two even in tide pools. The material was collected and packaged into species1824; belonging to AciculariaJ.V.Lamour, (Table 1) 1816 were and observed in the study area. Reis TNDV, et al. [6], formulated from formaldehyde in seawater atplastic 4% andbags, then properly taken labeled,to the laboratory, fixed in a solutionwhere zoobenthos as described were by The species A. Calyculus had already been recorded for the separated. in Icapuí algae bank. In Brazil, A. Myriospora inphycological the state of flora Bahia, of this after state that, [11], other however, records it were is the made first registeraround for seaweeds [7]. Morphological and anatomical details were was firstly catalogued Identification was carried out following traditional techniques the country [12]. However, this species has not hitherto been observed under stereoscopic microscope. Specimen frequency of identified in Ceará state coastline.

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Table 1: Conflict of Interest Icapuí coastline, Ceará state, Brazil. Taxonomic synopsis of the two seaweed species identified in Taxon ReferencesThe authors declare no conflict of interests. Chlorophyta 1. Marbà Dasycladales and habitat impacts of Lophocladia lallemandii invasions on endemic Polyphysaceae N, Arthur R, Alcoverro T (2014) Getting turfed: The population

Acetabularia calyculus* 2. Posidonia oceanica meadows. Aquatic Botany 116: 76-82. species on rocky shore macroalgal assemblages: Zonation patterns, Raffo MP, Lo Russo V, Schwindt E (2013) Introduced and native Acetabularia myriospora** 3. *First occurrence in Icapuí costline composition and diversity. Aquatic Botany 112: 57-65. Alien species and other notable records from a rapid assessment **First occurrence in Ceará state coastline surveyArenas F,of Bishop marinas JD, Carltonon the JT,south Dyrynda coast PJ, of Farnham England. WF, Journal et al. (2006)of the A. Myriospora considered low whether compared to that of A. calyculus (17.43%) 4. MarineBrito L, Biological Szé Association of the UK 86(06): 1329-1337. ômico The frequency of occurrence of (1.62%) is das Macroalgas da Zona das Marés de Costões Rochosos Adjacentes A. myriospora is rarely sampled, ao Terminal chyMar M,í Cassano V (2002) Levantamento Taxonía da Ilha mainly for being a small species inhabiting rocky shores and being associated(Figure 1); tothis larger might species. be because timo Almirante Maximiano Fonseca, Ba 5. Grande,Jenkins SR,RJ. AtlânticaHawkins SJ,24(1): Norton 17-26. TA (1999) Direct and indirect effects of a macroalgal canopy and limpet grazing in structuring a sheltered

6. inter-tidal community. Marine Ecology Progress Series 188: 81-92.

SuapeReis TNDV, (Western Guimarães-Barros Tropical Atlantic) NC, VasconcelosOn The Biodiversity ERTPP De, And Cocentino Biomass ADLM, Fujii MT (2011) Influence Of The Industrial Port Complex Of

7. OfMarins Phaeophyceae. BV, Brasileiro Tropical PS, Barreto Oceanography, MBB, Nunes 39(2): JMDC 142-154. JMC, Yoneshigue-

the Todos os Santos Bay, Bahia State, Brazil. Oecologia Brasiliensis Valentin Y, Amado Filho GM (2008) Subtidal benthic marine algae of

8. 12(02): 229-242. subtropical Western Atlantic: changes in our understanding in the Wynne MJ (2011) The benthic marine algae of the tropical and

9. lastBerger half S,century. Fettweiss Algae U, 26(2): Gleissberg 109-140. S, Liddle LB, Richter U, et al. Figure 1: rDNA phylogeny and evaluation of cap development (genus Acetabularia and subgenus Acicularia) sampled in the coastline in Polyphysaceae (2003) 18S of Icapuí, CearáFrequency state, Brazil. of occurrence of the two species of seaweeds (formerly Acetabulariaceae; Dasyladales, 10. Chlorophyta).Moura CWDN, Phycologia Almeida WRD, 42(5): Santos 506-561. AAD, Junior A, Alves AM, et Hence, the importance of this study relies on the fact that little Polyphysaceae (Dasycladales, Chlorophyta) in Todos os al. (2014) need for further studies to detect upcoming species. Indeed, two 11. SantosDantas Bay,NP, Bahia,Alves MGL,Brazil. Cunha Acta Botanica VL da, Ribeiro Brasilica DS, 28(2): Oliveira-Neto 147-164. JM is known about the marine flora of the state, warning against the ário Ficológico Do Instituto De Acetabularia Ci ncias Do Mar Da Universidade Federal Do Ceará myriosporanew species(Polyphysaceae, of algae were Chlorophyta)surveyed for inthe the region coastline of Icapuí; of Ceará in Ci(1999) de. Reorganização Do Herb state.addition, it has been the first record of the species ê . Arquivos de 12. Martinsências DoDV, Mar Cordeiro-Manno 32: 59-71. M, Boccanera NB, Nunes JM de C (1991) Clorofíceas marinhas bentônicas do município de salvador, Acknowledgement

Thanks to Marcia Avelino Coelho for auditing the study. To 13. bahia, brasil 18(2): 115-133.álogo De Algas Marinhas Bentônicas Do Nunes JM (1998) de C. Cat Conselho Nacional de DesenvolvimentoCientífico e Tecnológico Estado Da Bahia, Brasil. Acta Botanica Malacitana 23: 5-21. and(CNPq) graduation and Coordenação programs, de and Aperfeiçoamento to the UFERSA de for Pessoal technical de Nível and Superior (CAPES) for financial support granted to post-graduation scientific support.

Citation: Acetabularia myriospora (Polyphysaceae, Chlorophyta) in the

Figueiredo NCD, Gomes EL, Silva CGD, Henriques VMC (2017) First Record of Ceará State, Brazil. J Aquac Mar Biol 6(5): 00168. DOI: 10.15406/jamb.2017.06.00168