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Chlorophyta, Dasycladales) from the Pridolian to Middle Lochkovian Indian Point Formation, New Brunswick, Canada Steve T Document generated on 09/25/2021 8:42 a.m. Atlantic Geology Journal of the Atlantic Geoscience Society Revue de la Société Géoscientifique de l'Atlantique Medusaegraptus (Chlorophyta, Dasycladales) from the Pridolian to middle Lochkovian Indian Point Formation, New Brunswick, Canada Steve T. LoDuca, Randall F. Miller and Reginald A. Wilson Volume 49, 2013 Article abstract Carbonaceous compressions from the Pridolian to middle Lochkovian Indian URI: https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/1062310ar Point Formation in the Flatlands area of New Brunswick comprising a central DOI: https://doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2013.005 axis with irregularly arranged unbranched appendages are assigned to Medusaegraptusmirabilis. This is the first report of intact thalli of this See table of contents noncalcified macroalgal taxon from a locality outside of western New York. The biotic composition, stratigraphic context, and sedimentology of this occurrence suggest a shallow-marine depositional setting roughly comparable Publisher(s) to that for the type material of Medusaegraptus mirabilis from Gasport, New York.RÉSUMÉRÉSUMÉLes fossiles carbonés comprimés de la formation Atlantic Geoscience Society d’Indian Point, située dans la région de Flatlands du Nouveau-Brunswick et qui date du Pridolien au Lochkovien moyen, sont attribués àMedusaegraptus ISSN mirabilis; ils présentent un axe central avec des appendices non ramifiés et disposés de façon irrégulière. C’est la première fois qu’on signale la présence 0843-5561 (print) de thalles intacts de ce taxon de macroalgues non calcifiées dans une localité 1718-7885 (digital) ailleurs que dans l’ouest de l’État de New York. La composition biotique, le contexte stratigraphique et les données sédimentologiques permettent de Explore this journal penser à un dépôt marin peu profond à peu près comparable à ce qu’on trouve dans le cas de Medusaegraptus mirabilis de Gasport, dans l’État de New York.[Traduit par la redaction] Cite this article LoDuca, S., Miller, R. & Wilson, R. (2013). Medusaegraptus (Chlorophyta, Dasycladales) from the Pridolian to middle Lochkovian Indian Point Formation, New Brunswick, Canada. Atlantic Geology, 49, 118–125. https://doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2013.005 All Rights Reserved ©, 2013 Atlantic Geology This document is protected by copyright law. Use of the services of Érudit (including reproduction) is subject to its terms and conditions, which can be viewed online. https://apropos.erudit.org/en/users/policy-on-use/ This article is disseminated and preserved by Érudit. Érudit is a non-profit inter-university consortium of the Université de Montréal, Université Laval, and the Université du Québec à Montréal. Its mission is to promote and disseminate research. https://www.erudit.org/en/ Medusaegraptus (Chlorophyta, Dasycladales) from the Pridolian to middle Lochkovian Indian Point Formation, New Brunswick, Canada Steven T. LoDuca1*, Randall F. Miller2, and Reginald A. Wilson3 1. Department of Geography and Geology, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan 48197, USA 2. Steinhammer Palaeontology Laboratory, Natural Science Department, New Brunswick Museum, Saint John, New Brunswick E2K 1E5, Canada 3. Geological Surveys Branch, Department of Energy and Mines, PO Box 50, Bathurst, New Brunswick E2A 3Z1, Canada *Corresponding author <[email protected]> Date received: 26 February 2013 ¶ Date accepted 25 March 2013 ABSTRacT Carbonaceous compressions from the Pridolian to middle Lochkovian Indian Point Formation in the Flatlands area of New Brunswick comprising a central axis with irregularly arranged unbranched appendages are assigned to Medusaegraptus mirabilis. This is the first report of intact thalli of this noncalcified macroalgal taxon from a locality outside of western New York. The biotic composition, stratigraphic context, and sedimentology of this occurrence suggest a shallow-marine depositional setting roughly comparable to that for the type material of Medusaegraptus mirabilis from Gasport, New York. RÉSUMÉ Les fossiles carbonés comprimés de la formation d’Indian Point, située dans la région de Flatlands du Nouveau-Brunswick et qui date du Pridolien au Lochkovien moyen, sont attribués à Medusaegraptus mirabilis; ils présentent un axe central avec des appendices non ramifiés et disposés de façon irrégulière. C’est la première fois qu’on signale la présence de thalles intacts de ce taxon de macroalgues non calcifiées dans une localité ailleurs que dans l’ouest de l’État de New York. La composition biotique, le contexte stratigraphique et les données sédimentologiques permettent de penser à un dépôt marin peu profond à peu près comparable à ce qu’on trouve dans le cas de Medusaegraptus mirabilis de Gasport, dans l’État de New York. [Traduit par la redaction] ATlanTic GEOLOGY 49, 118 - 125 (2013) doi: 10.4138/atlgeol.2013.005 Copyright © Atlantic Geology 2013 0843-5561|8|00118-125 $2.35|0 Atlantic Geology Volume 49 .. 2013 119 INTRODUCTION of deformed Cambrian to Middle Ordovician rocks, namely the Humber Zone (Laurentian margin) to the northwest In 1925, Rudolf Ruedemann erected Medusaegraptus and Ganderia (peri-Gondwanan tracts) to the southeast on the basis of material from the Silurian of western New (van Staal et al. 2009). The stratigraphic framework and York. Two species were assigned to the genus: the type, evolution of the Matapedia Cover Sequence in northern Medusaegraptus mirabilis from the Lockport Group near New Brunswick has been described by Wilson et al. (2004) Gasport; and Medusaegraptus graminiformis from the and Wilson and Kamo (2008, 2012). Following the Silurian younger (Pridolian) Bertie Group in the Buffalo area. The collision between Ganderia and Laurentia (Salinic Orogeny), latter had been described originally by Pohlman (1886) Matapedia Cover Sequence sedimentation occurred in a under the name Chondrites graminiformis as a “marine plant”. retroarc foreland setting with respect to northwestward Ruedemann (1925) classified Medusaegraptus as a dendroid (present coordinates) migration of the Avalonian (Acadian) graptolite, but Bulman (1938, 1955) and Mierzejewski (1986) orogenic wedge (Wilson et al. 2004). In the Restigouche expressed doubt concerning Ruedemann’s assignment and area, uplift associated with the Salinic Orogeny produced suggested an algal affinity. Uncertainty over affinity arises a widespread middle Silurian erosional unconformity that from a problem common to many early Paleozoic marine separates Upper Silurian rocks of the Chaleurs Group from taxa with a branched form preserved as thin films of carbon: underlying Lower Silurian rocks of the Quinn Point and the gross morphology allows for either an animal or an algal Matapedia groups (Wilson et al. 2004; Wilson and Kamo affinity. LoDuca (1990) formally transferred Medusaegraptus 2012). The Chaleurs Group in the Restigouche area consists to the green algal order Dasycladales on the grounds that of reefal carbonates of the West Point Formation (limestone its general form, comprising an unbranched cylindrical axis bioherms and associated peri-reefal facies), and overlying surrounded in irregular fashion by numerous unbranched and interfingering calcareous sedimentary rocks of the cylindrical appendages, is characteristic of early Paleozoic Indian Point Formation (Wilson et al. 2004; Fig. 1). dasycladaleans. In addition, none of the material assigned to the genus shows key graptolite features, such as triad budding or fusellar structure, and the type material of the Indian Point Formation: genus occurs in direct association with undoubted algae lithology and depositional setting (LoDuca, 1990). Results of a later geochemical study of Medusaegraptus mirabilis supported reassignment to the The Indian Point Formation is a lithologically diverse algae (LoDuca and Pratt 2002). unit consisting mainly of moderately to strongly calcareous Apart from the New York material described by mudstone, fine-grained sandstone, and wackestone, all of Ruedemann (1925), Silurian occurrences of Medusaegraptus which commonly contain comminuted fossil debris. Minor have been reported from the Czech Republic (Bouček lithotypes include coarse-grained sandstone, wackestone– 1957), Michigan (Ehlers and Kesling 1957), Gotland (Hede packstone biostromes, limestone conglomerate, and 1960), Australia (Rickards et al. 1995), and additional polymictic conglomerate (Wilson et al. 2004). Fossils localities in New York (LoDuca 1990; LoDuca and Brett include stromatoporoids, brachiopods, trilobites, and 1997; Ciurca 2002). In addition, the genus has been reported crinoids; some sections contain abundant rugose corals. In from the Ordovician of China (Mu et al. 1979; Lin 1984), the Flatlands area, including the study site, the dominant and Shrock (1928) and Tinn et al. (2009) reported what lithological association comprises greenish-grey, medium- were regarded as possible occurrences from the Silurian of to thick-bedded (up to roughly 1 m), locally fossiliferous, Indiana and Estonia, respectively. Here, a new occurrence moderately to strongly calcareous mudstone with local of Medusaegraptus is reported from the Pridolian to middle thin beds of calcareous siltstone and fine-grained, parallel- Lochkovian Indian Point Formation in the Flatlands area of laminated sandstone (Fig. 2). The fossils described herein New Brunswick (Fig. 1). were recovered in October 2011 from tumbled-out blocks of calcareous mudstone along a cut through the Indian Point Formation on the south side of Highway 134, opposite GEOLOGIC SETTING Island View Road,
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