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Coal- Natural fnejffs OIL SHALE 0 COAL 0 OIL SANDS 0 NATURAL GAS VOLUME 28- NUMBER 2 - JUNE 1991 QUARTERLY T a Ertl Repository Lakes Library 'ytdo School cf M:cs ®THE PACE CONSULTANTS INC. 0 Reg . U.S. Pc,I. OFF. Pace Synthetic Fuels Report is published by The Pace Consultants Inc., as a mul&dlient service and is intended for the sole use of the clients or organizations affiliated with clients by virtue of a relationship equivalent to 51 percent or greater ownership. Pace Synthetic Fuels Report is protected by the copyright laws of the United States; reproduction of any part of the publication requires the express permission of The Pace Con- sultants Inc. The Pace Consultants Inc., has provided energy consulting and engineering services since 1955. The company's experience includes resource evalua- tion, process development and design, systems planning, marketing studies, licensor comparisons, environmental planning, and economic analysis. The Synthetic Fuels Analysis group prepares a variety of periodic and other reports analyzing developments in the energy field. THE PACE CONSULTANTS INC. SYNTHETIC FUELS ANALYSIS MANAGING EDITOR Jerry E. Sinor Post Office Box 649 Niwot, Colorado 80544 (303) 652-2632 BUSINESS MANAGER Horace 0. Hobbs Jr. Post Office Box 53473 Houston, Texas 77052 (713) 669-7816 Telex: 77-4350 CONTENTS HIGHLIGHTS A-i' I. GENERAL GOVERNMENT SBIR Awards in Synfuels and Clean Coal Technology Announced 1-i ENERGY POLICY & FORECASTS Oxford Institute Says Abundant Conventional Energy Will Preclude Synfuels Development 1-2 Amoco Sees 50 Percent Increase in Oil Imports by 2005 1-3 U.S. Expected to Become More Energy Efficient in Next 20 Years 1-3 Japanese Energy Strategy Targets Increased Energy Security 1-7 TECHNOLOGY Novel Methanol Synthesis May Offer New Synfuels Route i-9 Synthetic Fuels Book Reprinted i-9 Texaco Introduces Process for Hydrogen From Waste Gases i-io RESOURCE NRC Calls for Improved Estimation of Undiscovered Oil and Gas 1-i2 RECENT GENERAL PUBLICATIONS/PATENTS i-14 COMING EVENTS i-16 II. OIL SHALE PROJECT ACTIVITIES Unocal Closes Parachute Project 2-1 LLNL Makes First Full System Run on 4 TPD Pilot Plant 2-2 Unocal Shutdown Again Leaves Fruita Refinery in the Lurch 2-4 CORPORATIONS Hampshire Energy Proposes Oil Shale and Coal to Methanol at Unocal Site 2-5 Southern Pacific Petroleum Reviews Oil Shale Activities 2-5 Geokinetics and Magic Circle Active in Utah Shale Leasing 2-7 ECONOMICS Economics of Shale Oil Modified Asphalt Continue to Look Promising 2-9 SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT, JUNE 1991 1 TECHNOLOGY Radio Frequency In Situ Process Updated 2-13 Steam Found to Improve Retort Yield 2-14 Improved Description of Oil Shale Flow in Vertical Lift Pipe Developed 2-17 Optimization of Oil Shale Beneficiation Studied 2-18 Retorting Yield Increased in Presence of Liquid 2-21 New Book on Oil Shale Technology Published 2-24 Australian Oil Shale Retort Modeled at CSIRO 2-24 Process-Induced Macro-Porosity Affects Shale Oil Coking on Solids 2-27 Chevron Patents Oil Shale Froth Flotation Process 2-23 INTERNATIONAL Kukersite Fines Extracted with Supercritical Benzene 2-31 ENVIRONMENT Unocal Cites Positive Environmental Experience 2-32 WATER Shell Files for Water Rights on Pacific Property 2-35 RESOURCE Piceance Basin Becoming Active Area for Coalbed Methane Production 2-36 BLM Solicits Interest in Piceance Basin Sodium Leases 2-36 Socioeconomic Impact of Unocal Shutdown Uncertain 2-38 RECENT OIL SHALE PUBLICATIONS/PATENTS 2-40 STATUS OF OIL SHALE PROJECTS 2-42 INDEX OF COMPANY INTERESTS 2-56 HI. OIL SANDS PROJECT ACTIVITIES OSLO Benefits Explained But Support Lacking 3-1 BP Reports Improved Results at Wolf Lake 3-3 Syncrude to Begin Custom Processing of Bitumen from Other Operations 34 Chevron Plans Pilot Test of HASDrive Process 34 Amoco May Proceed with Soars Lake Project 34 Norcen's Bodo Steam Pilot Reaches One Million Barrels 34 Wyoming Oil Mine Production Steady at 300 Barrels Per Day 3-5 Suncor Sets First Quarter Production Records 3-6 Shell's Peace River Project Produces 10 Millionth Barrel 3-6 AOSFRA Lists Current Pilot Projects 3-6 Esso Cuts Back Cold Lake Production 3-7 SYNThETIC FUELS REPORT, JUNE 1991 CORPORATIONS Suncor Reports Improved Results for 1990 3-9 Petro-Canada Notes Steady Participation in Oil Sands 3-9 AEC Notes Importance of Oil Sands Assets 3-10 Tangleflags Horizontal Well Reaches 1,600 Barrels Per Day 3-10 Husky Oil Offered for Sale 3-10 UMTAR/UNDP Conference Rescheduled 3-10 ORS Corporation Changes Name 3-10 GOVERNMENT Alberta Changes Royalty Structure for Horizontal Wells 3-12 ERCE Reviews Year in Oil Sands 3-12 Canada Moves National Energy Board to Calgary 3-13 ENERGY POLICY & FORECASTS National Energy Board Forecasts Next Mining Plant Start Date to be 2004 3-15 ECONOMICS Benefits of Heavy Oil Development Outlined for Canada 3-17 TECHNOLOGY Synthetic Crude Oil Provides Unique Refinery Feedstock 3-19 Esso Resources Pioneering New Oil Sands Technologies 3-21 AOSTRA Outlines Trends in Canadian Tar Sands Research 3-23 Beneficiation of Alabama Tar Sands Optimized 3-25 Tar Sands Research Presented at Rocky Mountain Fuels Society 3-28 INTERNATIONAL Duri Steamflood May Reach 300,000 Barrels per Day 3-30 WATER Wolf Lake Recycles Water with Warm Lime Process 3-31 Process Water Recycle Demonstrated for Utah Tar Sands 3-33 RESOURCE Washakie Wilderness Proposals Involve Potential Wyoming Tar Sand Areas 3-36 RECENT OIL SANDS PUBLICATIONS/PATENTS 3-39 STATUS OF OIL SANDS PROJECTS 3-42 INDEX OF COMPANY INTERESTS 3-68 SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT, JUNE 1991 IV. COAL PROJECF ACTIVITIES BGL Sagging Gasifier Considered for Power Generation 4-1 ENCOAL Construction Proceeding to Year-End Completion 4-2 Status of Clean Coal Technology Projects Updated 4-3 Shell Shuts Down SCGP-1 Pilot Plant 4-13 First Krypton-Xenon Shipped from Great Plains 4-14 CORPORATIONS AMAX to Fund Wyoming Coal Research 4-15 GOVERNMENT DOE Indirect Liquefaction Program Reviewed 4-16 National Energy Strategy Supports Coal Slurry Pipelines 4-17 Clean Coal Technology 4 Attracts 33 Proposals 4-17 ENERGY POLICY & FORECASTS Gasification to be the Core Technology for Future Power Generation 4-20 NES Analysis Shows Potential for Coal Liquefaction in 20 to 30 Years 4-24 ECONOMICS Coproduction of Liquid Phase Methanol Seen to be Economically Feasible 4-28 Destec Sees Opportunities in Clean Air Act 4-30 New Exxon Liquefaction Process Said to be Economical at $35 Oil Price 4-32 Breakeven Price of $30 to $40 Per Barrel Computed for Point of Ayr Liquefaction Process 4-33 TECHNOLOGY Westinghouse Turbine Advances Increase Potential Market for 1GCC Systems 4-39 AMAX Developing Pure Carbon from Coal Process 4-42 Shell Patents Centrifugal Pump for Dry Pulverized Coal 4-44 Improved Pump Seals Help Rectisol Unit Operation at Great Plains 4-45 Single-Step Coal Liquefaction Process Patented 4-46 Hill Records Advances in Direct Liquefaction 4-47 Liquefaction Research Presented at Rocky Mountain Fuels Society Meeting 449 INTERNATIONAL KOBRA Project to Establish Basis for 600 MW Winkler Plants 4-51 BHEL Moving Bed Gasification Technology Studied for IGCC Application in India 4-52 Sasol Moving from Synfuels to Chemicals at Sasol One 4-53 RECENT COAL PUBLICATIONS/PATENTS 4-55 STATUS OF COAL PROJECTS 160 INDEX OF COMPANY INTERESTS 4-106 SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT, JUNE 1991 V. NATURAL GAS INTERNATIONAL France May Provide Gas Conversion Technology for Qatar S-i TECHNOLOGY Advances in Synthol Technology Offer Opportunitites for Natural Gas Conversion 5-2 RESOURCE United States Reserve Additions Exceed Production in 1990 5-4 STATUS OF NATURAL GAS PROJECTS 5-6 SYNTHETIC FUELS REPORT, JUNE 1991 HIGHLIGHTS Capsule Summaries of the More Significant Articles in this Issue Oxford Institute Says Abundant Conventional Energy Will Preclude Synfuels Development The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies says that oil prices well above $30 per barrel or a tech- nological breakthrough are needed in the next few years if synfuels production is to expand. The article on page 1-2 discussesconventional energy supplies over the next 20 years and con- cludes that abundant supplies will inhibit the development of synfuels. Amoco Sees 50 Percent Increase in Oil Imports by 2005 Amoco's chief economist says that an increase in United States oil demand coupled with declin- ing domestic production could mean a 50 percent increase in oil imports by the year 2005. As detailed on page 1-3, policies aimed at increasing domestic production and gains in efficiency and conservation could change the supply outlook substantially. U.S. Expected to Become More Energy Efficient in Next 20 Years The Energy Information Administration says that the United States is expected to become sub- stantially more energy efficient over the next 20 years. Their report, which is reviewed on page 1-3, assesses four sets of assumptions on world oil prices and economic growth rates and their effects on energy supply and demand through the year 2010. Novel Methanol Synthesis May Offer New Synfuels Route Research at the University of Pittsburgh involves a unique way to make methanol from syn- thesis gas. A technical description of the process begins on page 1-9. The new route is a liquid phase synthesis of methanol at a temperature that is about 100 0C lower than present commer- cial processes. Texaco Introduces Process for Hydrogen from Waste Gases Texaco's HyTEX process uses refinery offgases to produce a high purity hydrogen at a sig- nificantly lower cost than competing processes while reducing emissions. As discussed on page 1-10, the HyTEX process uses Texaco gasification technology. According to Texaco, the process produces no nitrogen or sulfur oxides while turning refinery waste gas streams into hydrogen in a cost effective manner.
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