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VI. the Treatment of Historic Landscapes Historic Landscape Resource Manual 1999 This manual was prepared for the Historic Landscape Workshops that wer presented by the Alliance for Historic Preservation in 1997. Advisory Committee Carolyn Ahlgren Nebraska State Historical Society Arnold Alanen University of Wisconsin-Madison Julia Sniderman Bachrach Chicago Parks District Charles Birnbaum National park Service Sheila Bricher-Wade Wyoming State Hist. Pres. Office Pratt Cassity University of Georgia Jack Elliott Mississippi Department of Archives & History Camille Fife The Westerly Group Ann Huston National Park Service Lucy Lawliss National Park Service Ellen Lipsey Boston Landmarks Commission Linda McClelland National Park Service Sherda Williams National Park Service Workshop Organizers Carolyn Ahlgren Nebraska State Historical Society Judith Johnson City of Memphis Lynette Lloyd Utah State Historical Society Wilson Martin Utah State Historical Society Claudette Stager Tennessee Historical Commission Sherda Williams and staff National Park Service Funding for this manual was provided by the National Park Service’s Center for Preservation Technology and Training, Nachitoches, Louisiana. NCPTT promotes and enhances the preservation of prehistoric and historic resources in the United States for present and future generations through the advancement and dissemination of preservation technology and training. NCPTT’s Preservation Technology and Training Grants program develops partners in non-profit organizations, universities and government agencies throughout the United States to complete critical preservation work and lends significant support to cutting-edge developments in the conservation and preservation community. Contents I. Origins of the Historic Landscape Resource Manual Barbara Wyatt 3 II. An Introduction to Historic Landscapes Overview Robert Z. Melnick 9 Historic Landscape Definitions Camile Fife and Barbara Wyatt 19 Reading List Jack Elliott, Jr., Camille Fife, Richard Francaviglia, Cari Goetcheus, Susan Haswell and Barbara Wyatt 27 Resources and Organizations Camille Fife and Susan Haswell 33 III. Reading the Landscape Introduction Barbara Wyatt 37 The Prairie Gardens of 0. C. Simonds and Jens Jensen Robert E. Grese 39 Learning from America’s Preserved Historic Mining Landscapes Richard Francaviglia 65 The Blue Ridge Parkway Historic Resource Study Ian Firth 81 IV. Landscapes and Surveys Introduction Cari Goetcheus 101 Surveying the Field Charles Birnbaum 105 Historic Residential Landscapes in Georgia: The Georgia Living Places Project Richard Cloues 111 Indiana Historic Designed Landscapes Survey, Phase I: Final Report Anne Henderson, Malcolm Cairns, Tina Jones and Jerry Blosser 115 The Cultural Landscapes Inventory Initiative of the National Park Service Robert R. Page et al 147 Cultural Landscapes Inventory: Guilford Courthouse National Military Park Cari Goetcheus 167 V. Landscapes in the National Register of Historic Places Introduction Linda Flint McClelland 197 Mayfield-Gutsch Estate National Register Nomination 201 Mormon Row Historic District National Register Nomination 223 VI. The Treatment of Historic Landscapes Introduction Cari Goetcheus 259 Excerpts from The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties… with Guidelines for the Treatment of Cultural Landscapes Charles A. Birnbaum, ed., with Christine Capella Peters 263 Excerpts from Design Manual for Druid Hills Local Historic District The Jaeger Company 291 Excerpts from Design Manual Aiken, South Carolina Jaeger/Pyburn, Inc 311 A Master Plan for “The Oval,” Colorado State University Carol Tunner, Grant Reid, and CSU Facilities Management staff 323 VII. Historic Landscapes in Local Programs Introduction Pratt Cassity 343 Still Local After All These Years Pratt Cassity 345 Design Guidelines for Historic Districts within the Context of Community Planning Noré V. Winter 351 Historic Preservation Ordinance City of Phoenix, Arizona 355 Reawakening a Spirit of Stewardship Julia Sniderman and JoAnn Nathan 359 An Ordinance. Regarding Designation of Historic Districts City of Highland Park, Illinois 365 Excerpts from Historic Preservation Element, Orange County Comprehensive Plan, Orange County, North Carolina The Jaeger Company 383 Frederick Law Olmsted’s Louisville Legacy Susan Rademacher 391 VIII. Compliance and Historic Landscapes Introduction. Christine Capella Peters 403 When Worlds Collide David W. Cushman 405 General Guidelines for Identifying and Evaluating Historic Landscapes Dorene Clement, California Department of Transportation 411 The Medicine “Wheel: Tourism, Historic Preservation and Native American Rights Fred Chapman 439 Excerpts from Rural Historic Landscape Report for Reclamation District 1000 Denise Bradley and Michael Corbett, Dames & Moore, Inc 441 IX. Index of Articles and Documents 453 I. Origins of the Historic Landscape Resource Manual 1 2 Origins of the Historic Landscape Resource Manual by Barbara Wyatt, ASLA The Alliance for Historic Landscape Preservation This publication is a selection of relatively few such listings: the deep South, materials distributed at three historic the upper Midwest, and the Rocky landscape workshops held in 1997 by The Mountain West. An advisory committee Alliance for Historic Landscape was formed to identify issues and potential Preservation, with funding from the speakers. National Center for Preservation Local sponsors were recruited in each Technology and Training (NCPTT). This region, and workshop locations were manual is divided into sections that reflect selected with their assistance. Claudette the major topics addressed at each Stager of the Tennessee Historical workshop, and each section contains Commission and Judith Johnson of the materials that help explain the topic. Some Memphis Office of Housing and of the material serves as an explanation of Community Development were contacts a program--for example, Georgia’s survey for the southern workshop, which was held program or the Cultural Landscape in Memphis in April 1997. Sherda Inventory of the National Park Service Williams of the NPS Midwest Regional (NPS). Other material serves as a model: Support Office provided assistance for the National Register of Historic Places May 1997 Omaha workshop. Wilson nominations for certain types of landscapes Martin and Lynette Lloyd of the Utah or historic preservation ordinances that Division of State History helped plan the include historic landscape language. Salt Lake City workshop, held in June Examples of the controversy that can 1997. Each of these individuals contributed surround historic landscape issues also is a great deal of time and thought to the included--the compliance material staging of the workshops. illustrates some of the problems confronted The advisory committee evolved into by program and property managers when a nationwide network of people concerned historic landscapes are the subject of with historic landscapes. The list of review. knowledgable people grew and agendas The workshops addressed various were formulated. At each workshop, the issues concerning historic landscape agenda covered the same basic aspects of documentation, evaluation, and treatment. historic landscape preservation: Their goal was to offer training to federal, background history, survey, the National state, and municipal historic preservation Register, treatment, compliance, and local staff members and consultants in regions of historic preservation programs. All three the country where historic landscape workshops benefitted from the activity seemed to be minimal. Workshop participation of Pratt Cassity, Executive locations were selected with the help of Director of the National Alliance of John Byrne of the National Register of Preservation Commissions; Linda Historic Places staff, who analyzed the McClelland, Historian, National Register, inclusion of landscape significance in History, and Education Program, National National Register listings. His analysis Park Service; and Charles Birnbaum, indentified three clusters of states with Coordinator, NPS Historic Landscape 3 Initiative. Each one recommended addressed in the South, and in the speakers and case studies to augment their Midwest, rural landscapes were an sessions. Pratt identified municipalities in important focus. each region that had some experience with One goal of the workshops was to historic landscapes; Linda suggested promote the inclusion of historic National Register nominations that landscapes in local historic preservation successfully incorporated historic programs. One of the most effective landscape themes; and Charles speakers was Pratt Cassity, a champion of recommended sites where historic local historic preservation ordinances, who landscapes had been the subject of good knows the local preservation movement planning or treatment strategies. like few others. Municipal presenters The film, Connections: Preserving included Susan Rademacher of Louisville, America’s Landscape Legacy, was shown Jodi Rubin of Orlando, Julia Sniderman at each workshop to introduce the historic Bachrach of Chicago, Susan Benjamin of landscape theme. Funded in part by the Highland Park, Illinois, Debbie Abele of National Center for Preservation Phoenix, and Carol Tunner of Fort Collins, Technology and Training and produced by Colorado. the Historic Landscape Initiative under the Staff of state historic preservation leadership of Charles Birnbaum, the film offices were very effective speakers. Jack is an inspirational overview of some of the Elliott,
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