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~:~ J. GRESHAM' MACHEN • EDITOR 1936·1937 '1 A Joyous Announcement

John Patton Galbraith

(Page 355) • At His birth a star, Unseen before in heaven, proclaims Him A Christmas Tree come; . From Piney Peak And guides the Eastern sages, who inquire Harriet Z. Teal His place, to offer incense, myrrh,· and (Page 356) gold. His place of birth a solemn angel tells • To simple shepherds, keeping watch by Isaiah's Scorn night; of Idolatry They gladly thither haste, and by a quire

J. Gresham Machen Of squadroned angels hear His carol sung.

(Page 357) A virgin is His mother, but His sire The Power of the Most High; He shall • 'ascend The throne hereditary, and bound His The Life of . Je~us Christ reLgn With earth's wide bounds, His glory with Leslie W. Sloat the heavens. (Page 360) -lohnMilton •

Is the Pope Infallible?

Paul Woolley

(Page 363)

December 25, 1945

VOLUME 14, NO. 23 354 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN Deeemher 25

"Remember DOW thy the days of thy yonth."

ERRY Christmas to you alI!-or, if Intimate Glimpses "A Joyful Noise" M that is too late, a Happy New Year! We as young Christians have every reason .O.S.-Study, Obey, Serve. This is the ID you go caroling this year? Isn't it to be joyous and happy, especially in the S name of the young people's groups at D an inspiring thing to do-to send thought that our Saviour was willing to be the Covenant Church in Berkeley, Cali­ forth into the crisp December air the fornia. The picture shows some members beautiful old traditional carols that men born as the God-man and live and die !, for us. of the society for the youngest age group. have loved for literally centuries? It's espe­ Before Christmas is out of the air, here These boys and girls, arranged here in the cially inspiring to know you are cheering I am talking about Easter. It's this new form of an S, are hom grades 5 to 7. They the hearts of shut-ins. meet for an hour and a half each Friday contest that was mentioned last month, We sing hymns and spiritual songs be­ and you'll be wanting plenty of time on cause we enjoy it. But did you ever stop it. So you'll excuse me, I'm sure, for rush­ to think that we are also commanded by ing the seasons. Here are the rules: ' God to sing them? "Make a joyful noise." 1. Each contestant will submit an orig­ "Sing aloud." We are ordered to sing! inal poem, any length, any verse form, We are also told how to do it. Joyfully! The singing at some churches and young any title, upon this theme: The Resurrec­ people's meetings does indeed lack joyful­ tion of Christ. ness. Don't let your singing drag. Even 2. The poem is to be typed, double­ "A mighty fortress" Can sound like a spaced, using one side of the paper only. funeral dirge if it is not kept up to tempo 3. The contestant's name should not and sung vigorously. But just a moment! appear on the poetry manuscript. A .paper It is just as bad to err in the other ex­ should be enclosed containing name, ad­ treme! Sometimes yO)lng people forget dress, age, occupation or school and grade, they are to be singing "unto the Lord." church and pastor. They are so carried away by the lilting 4. Manuscripts are to be postmarked rhythms of some of the hymns that their no later than March 25th and addressed mood turns into one of frivolity. Young to Poetry Contest, THE PRESBYTERIAN people like these songs and sing them GUARDIAN, 1505 Race Street, Philadelphia lustily and joyfully. But their joy is not 2, Pa. always "unto the Lord." 5. There will be three prizes, to be an­ Paul says, "I will sing with the under­ nounced next month. standing also." How we would honor the 6. The decision of the judges, the Rev. Lord in our singing if we all sang with the John H. Skilton and the Rev. Arthur W. afternoon after school. understanding. Those beautiful old hymns Kuschke, will be final. Frequently, as on the day when this of the church are filled with high re­ 7. The best poem or poems will appear picture was snapped, they distribute a ligious sentiments and lofty praise to our in the April 25th Youth Center. thousand Home Evangels for severalblocks God. Let us sing them, young people, Read over the gospel accounts of the around the church. <.1 dramatic and soul-stirring event of the seeking to understand them as we sing and resurrection and then take your pen in Indianapolis Writes withal making "a joyful noise unto the Lord." hand, you poets. Here is a theme that will "This is just a little note in acknowl­ Il THINK ON THESE THINGS call forth the best that is in you. And edgment of our appreciation for your 1 don't be too modest about your efforts. efforts to devote a page of the GUARDIAN 1. Which is better to sing when you I Let the. judges decide how good it is! to youth. Some of our societies have been are doing it "just for fun"-a religious Here is a New Year's Resolution for reading with interest your articles when­ chorus or a jolly old folk song? you: I resolve to support the GUARDIAN ever they appear. . . . Perhaps it will be 2. What do you think of this sugges­ Youth Center, especially by entering the possible for our group to get acquainted tion: it is better to sing hymns that are a poetry contest. with the other church societies through little too difficult than those that are too the GUARDIAN Youth Page by reading let­ easy? qy~(R.~ ters which they may have sent in to you 3. Do you think it would be a worth­ Director, the GUARDIAN to be printed."-Covenant Y. P. Society, while project to memorize some of the Youth Center. Indianapolis, Indiana. great hymns? Why or why not?

The Presbyterian Guardian Is published semi. monthly from September to July. Inclusive. and monthly In August by The Presbyterian Guardian Publishing Car"ra. tlon, 728 Schaff Building, 1505 Race Street. Philadelphia. Pa., at the following rates. payable in advance, for either old or new subscribers in any part of the world. palt••• prepaid: $2.00 per year: $1.00 for five months; five or more copies either to separate addresses or in a package to one address, $1.25 each Per year; introductory ra.te for new subscribers only, three months for 25c; lOc per single copy. Entered as second class matter l\Lal'Ch 4. 1937. at the Post Office a.t Philadelphia. Pa., under tho Act of March 3. 1&18. THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN 355

A Joyous Annou~celDent I MEDITATION I By the REV. JOHN PATTON GALBRAITH Pastor of Kirkwood Orthodox Presbyterian Church, Kirkwood, Pa.

"Unto you is born this day in the city ears of man. He had heard God prom­ Thus the joy in the fact of the of David a Saviour, which is Christ the ise, "I will put enmity between thee Saviour's birth is only the fearful joy, Lord" (Luke 2:11). [Satan] and the woman, and between tempered by the grim realities of life, thy seed and her·seed; and it shall which escapism gives. But, not so! HERE have been many who had bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise The believer's joy in the Saviour's Tthought that World War II and his heel." God had said, "I will raise birth is a confident joy which is rooted the formation of the United Nations them up a Prophet from among their in the knowledge that here in Him is Organization would end war, and that brethren ... and will put my words in the cure for all the ills of the world. at the end of this war there would be his mouth." Isaiah had proclaimed, His work was not merely the payment a swift reversion to the "good old "Behold, a virgin shall conceive and of the ransom price for sinners. He days." But with armed strife flaring in bear a son, and shall call his name has also broken the power of sin in the Near East, the Far East, and the Immanuel," and that He would be the hearts of believers: "Sin shall not East Indies, with trouble spots in "wounded for our transgressions" and have dominion over you." And He other parts of the world, with distrust "bruised for our iniquities," that the will restore the entire creation: "The among the Big Three, and with con­ chastisement of our peace would be creation itself also shall be delivered flicts at home between greedy labor upon Him, and that with His stripes from the bondage of corruption into and greedy management, doubt, hope­ we would be healed. To this Saviour's the glorious liberty of the children of lessness, despair, and disillusionment coming God's people had ever looked God." The Saviour in whose birth we are today widespread. In such a day forward with eager and joyous antici­ rejoice is not the center of an escapist comes a Joyous Announcement, the pation. religion but of the panacean religion, ancient but oft-spurned message of Now on this glad morn the sky the religion that has the answer for all Christmas delivered by the angel to opens, an. angel appears. He speaks. the troubles of the whole world, the the shepherds on the first Christmas His message: a Saviour is born! Here one real cure-all. Well spake the angel, morn, "Unto you is born this day in is He of whom it was written, "The indeed, "I bring you tidings of great the city of David a Saviour, which is Spirit of the Lord God is upon me; joy which shall be to all people." Christ the Lord." because the Lord hath anointed me to The other reason for joy contained Ofttimes parents send out an­ preach good tidings unto the meek; in the angel's announcement was the nouncements of the birth of a child. he hath sent me to bind up the circumstances of the Saviour's birth. Friends send gifts to the child. But broken hearted, to proclaim liberty to The angel said that the Saviour is when God announced the birth of His the captives, and the opening of the born "this day in the city of David." Son, people who were not even friends prison to them that are bound; to For centuries, yea, for millennia, of Mary and Joseph took the trouble proclaim the acceptable year of the generation after generation of God's to travel great distances and bring gifts. Lord, and the day of vengeance of our people had looked forward to the com­ Precious gifts they were, too-of gold, God; to comfort all that mourn." For ing of the Saviour. They would rejoice incense, and spices, and above all, the day of despair, joy! in His day, and hoped that their day worship. And it was all because of the But only "a Saviour"? Merely one might be His. But the generations had • joyous announcement which attended among many? A Jewish Csesar, per­ passed with their joy unfulfilled. Now His birth. Note well that the joy in haps, who would deliver his people in the still of the night, as the shep­ that announcement was not simply from the Roman? No, the only herds watch over their quiet flocks, for that wicked and perverse genera­ Saviour, a Saviour "which is Christ the angel suddenly appears. What is tion, but for this one also. For as is the Lord." The one. who had been this wonderful thing? The Saviour is recorded in the preceding verse, the promised. The Messiah-the Anointed born today! No more longing, no angel said that these good tidings of One-who would do the will of God more waiting. Our Saviour has comel great joy were to be to, "all people." for His people's salvation. The Lord­ But where is the Saviour? Micah Christ is for our age as well as theirs. Jehovah-whose goings forth have the prophet had laid the scene of the They rejoiced; so also do we.· been from everlasting. The Lamb of Nativity in the city of Davidwhen he Two reasons for our joy are revealed God, of whom the sacrifices were proclaimed, "But thou, Bethlehem in this verse: First, the fact of the merely the shadows, and who would Ephrata, though thou be little among Saviour's birth-"there is born unto save His people from their sins. The the thousands of Judah, yet out of you a Saviour, which is Christ the Way, the Truth, the Life, through thee shall he come forth unto me that Lord"; and second, the circumstances whom alone is the forgiveness of sins is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings of the Saviour's birth-"this day in and approach unto the Father. forth have been from of old, from the city of David." Some think the Saviour's salvation everlasting." When the angel an­ From the time of the fall of Adam to be but a form of hopeful escapism nounced to the shepherds that the and mankind into sin, the promise of by which believers seek to forgetex­ Saviour was born "in the city of a Saviour from sin had resounded like isting ills through absorption with David" they knew that the prophecy a great and melodious refrain upon the more pleasant thoughts and activities. was fulfilled. But not only so; they 356 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN Decem... 25

could also say, He is here, right in our tory. It is fact, not prophecy. twins, each have some long strings of own country! The forefathers had Little wonder that the multitude of them finished, and some of the strings cried, if only we could see Him! The angels who now appeared in the sky are red and white with what look like children now cry, We shall see Him! sang in chorus, "Glory to God in the white snow£lakes between the cran­ The fathers had pled, Deliver us from highest, and on earth peace, good will berry beads. Ruth is saying, 'Aren't the yoke of Moses' law! The sons ex­ toward men." These words should you glad Unele Dan drove over from claim, Today is our Deliverer here! form on the lips of us all. For He New Jersey and brought us a whole We in this day should exceedingly whose birth was announced on that bushel of cranberries, so we have rejoice that the Saviour is not still to memorable and blessed day was the plenty to string and Mother can make make His first appearance but has al­ One who can save the world. As lots of jelly for our Christmas dinner, ready been born. Never have we been Isaiah declared it, '.'Urito us a child is too?' burdened with the ceremonial law. born, unto us a son is given: and the "And Rachel added, 'Yes, and we're Nor have we had to be satisfied with government shall be upon 'hisshoulder: glad that Father planted some pop­ the mere promises of His coming, and his name shall be called Wonder­ corn along with his regular com so which to earthbound creatures too ful' Counsellor, The mighty God, The we have plenty to pop to decorate our often appeared rather nebulous. For everlasting Father, The Prince of tree.' As she spoke, Thomas, who had us His coming into our world is his- Peace." been busily shaking a com popper over the fire, raised the lid and poured a mound of snowy popcorn into a big bowl. All the children gathered 'round A ~hristmas Tree I CHILDREN I with outstretched hands-'I want some,' 'Give me some,' till their From Piney Peak mother said, 'Here, here, that's enough! How do you think we can A Story for the Children's Hour ever trim our tree if you eat up all By HARRIET z. TEAL the decorations?' "But, oh dear,-look-a squabble 1 4 PART ONE and more solid, I believe, for that was has started between Thomas and Joey, j a bitter, cold winter. they both want the corn popper. Little 1 EDDY and Tommy had quarreled, "The two boys I am telling you Joey, who has been patiently shelling T and it was just before Christmas, about were named Thomas and com for his brother to pop says, 'It's 1 too. Teddy had said mean things to Joseph-let's see, we'll call their last my tum now,' and grabs for the pop­ Tommy, and Tommy had answered name Kane; it was really something per which Thomas holds over his with his fists. Daddy had said both of else, but that will do for the story. head out of Joey's reach. In the strug­ them must be punished, so that they The Kanes lived on a farm across the gle that follows the lid is knocked I would remember never again to let creek opposite to Piney. They had a open and com is scattered all over the their tempers get the better of them. big family, seven children, all the way £Ioor. 1 Now Teddy and Tommy really from Thomas, who was the oldest, "Just at this moment their father, loved each other, but sometimes they down to the little baby sister not yet who has been out to lock up the bam I forgot to show their love in the way a year old. Thomas and Joseph (who and see that his cows and horses are I that brothers should. Deep down in­ was usually called little Joey) were the all settled for the night,. opens the j side, they knew that what they had .only boys and should have been great door and comes into the room. 'My, ,t 1 done was wrong, and they didn't ex­ pals but, like some other fellows I my, what's going on in here? lt looks j actly mind being punished for it. But have met, there were times when they as though my two sons are having

they were glad when it was over, and just couldn't get along, and were mean trouble again-I am very sorry for 1 Mother called to them that supper and hateful to one another, and selfish that. Clean up the mess off the £Ioor, I \..' was ready. and grabby, both wanting the same boys, and put the corn popper away; " When the supper dishes had been thing at the same time and quarreling then sit down as far apart as you can. I washed and put away and all the fam­ over it instead of having a good time Let us have peace and quiet for our ; ily was seated in the living room be­ sharing their things. One evening, a evening worship, before we go to bed.' fore the bright, open fire which felt few days before Christmas, the whole Then father reaches up to the mantel sogood on this frosty winter evening, Kane family was gathered before the shelf for the big Bible and sits down Father said, "Ted and Tommy, I'm fire in the big stone fireplace in the in the midst of his family to read it. going to tell you a story." farmhouse kitchen. "The baby is sleeping in her cradle "Whee-s-ee!" cheered the boys, "Let's pretend that we are standing by the fire, the smallest toddler is who loved to hear stories. They said in a corner of the Kanes' living room asleep, too, on Mother's lap and the their Dad was "the best story teller where we can see and hear what is other little one climbs up on Father's in seven counties." going on. Several of the children are knee, while the older children lay aside "This tale I am about to tell," went seated around a little low table near their work and settle down quietly to " on their father, "is true. It really hap­ one corner of the fireplace, very busy listen. pened a long time ago, to two boys about something. What can it be that "It is a part of the Christmas story over on old Piney Peak. It was in the they are doing? They seem to be that they hear tonight. The story of winter time and Stony Creek was stringing big, red beads-no, they are the angels from heaven who brought frozen just as it is now-frozen deeper cranberries. Rachel and Ruth, the (See "Teal," Page 361) 1945 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN 351

Isaiah~s Scorn SERMON I A Sermon Preached on October 29, 1923, of Idolatry in the First Presbyterian Church, Princeton, N. J. By the REV. J. GRESHAM MACHEN, D.D., uu.n,

"He burneth part thereof in the fire; It might seem impossible that such is denounced because of devotion to with part thereof he eateth flesh; he interpretation, in this supposedly ~n­ the living God. The great underlying roasteth roast, and is satisfied: yea, he lightened age, should actually exist; question of this chapter is the ques­ warmeth himself, and saith, Aha, I am yet exist it does, and it threatens to tion whether we shall worship a god warm, I have seen the fire: And the resi­ dominate our modern religious world. of our own making or the God by due thereof he rriaketh a god, even his Prejudice and narrow obscurantism whom we have been made. graven image; he falleth down unto it in the false garb of freedom are every­ The question is very much alive and worshippeth it, and prayeth unto it, where at work. They have produced today. We have not idolatry in the and saith, Deliver me; for thou art my god" their garbled or Shorter Bibles-I sup­ narrower sense, but of the making of (Isa. 44:16, 17). pose Paradise Lost could be reduced gods there is no end. Turning from HIS passage expresses the scorn to banality if the words in it were the living and true God, like Israel of l T of the prophet for idolatry. And merely chosen and combined anew to old, we have 'preferred a god who will it would be harder to find more scath­ suit the modern reader-they have be content to serve our ends. We have ing irony in all literature. Nothing produced their alleged translations of built a fire and roasted roast, and we could possibly be more completely the Bible which are not translations have promoted religion; and both plain. but falsifications. The Bible under operations are often on the same low Yet even plainness such as this re­ such treatment is becoming a book utilitarian plane. Religion, men say, quires in the reader some receptive­ with seven seals. When will it be re­ is a useful thing; it must be promoted ness of soul. It might seem impos­ discovered? When will men again read in the interests of the state or in the sible for anyone to misunderstand; it as it is, with all its scathing rebuke interests of the community; God is the yet modern men do succeed in doing to human pride, with all its exaltation servant of man. Instead of seeking so. I remember a sermon which I of the living God? We cannot say God first and testing our plans by heard a few years ago. It introduced when the blessed day will come. But His revealed will, we make our plans those verses which voice the scorn one thing is clear-if the Word of first and drag God in to help us carry of the ancient prophet for the man God again were heard, there would them out. Religion ceases to be an who makes an idol by cutting off a be an upheaval like the Reformation end in itself and becomes a mere piece of a stick of wood.. "He burneth of the sixteenth century. Now, as at means to an end. Instead of the facts part thereof in the fire; with part the end of the Middle Ages, the Bible about God being the basis of religious thereof he eateth flesh; he roasteth is obscured by an interpretation which experience, religious experience is roast, and is satisfied: yea, he warmeth really reverses its meaning; and now made the basis of the supposed facts. himself, and saith, Aha, I am warm, . as well as then the rediscovery of the As I was walking through the I have seen the fire: And the residue Bible would set the world free. That streets of one of our large cities a thereof he maketh a god, even his would be a beneficent upheaval; it year or so ago I saw, not an altar with graven image: he falleth down unto would mean a grounding of the social this inscription "To An Unknown .. it, and worshippeth it, and prayeth edifice no longer upon the shifting God," but a church with a huge sign 7 unto it, and saith, Deliver me; for thou sands of utilitarianism, but upon the in front of it to the effect: "Not A art my god." Such words,· it might rock of God's commands. Member? Come on in and help make be thought, are plain enough; surely The fine scorn of Isaiah is not with­ this a better community." That is it is impossible to misunderstand. But out interest at the present time. It is modern religion with a vengeance. It what did our modern friend make of directed, indeed, against idolatry, and was an appeal not to sinners to seek these devastating words? "These are no one would seem to be in danger salvation at the hands of God, but to very useful verses," he said in effect; of idolatry today. But the glorious persons, whose purposes are already "they show that the church should thing about the polemic of the Bible all that they should be, to use religion satisfy the material as well as the spir­ is that it is not merely negative. The as a mere means to accomplish their itual needs of man. That artificer of Bible tears down only in order that it humanitarian ends. Many preachers whom the prophet speaks made a god may build a better building upon the and laymen 'today are busily engaged out of his stick, and that is well; but ruins of that which has been benef­ in calling the righteous to repentance. he also made a fire of it and roasted icently destroyed. So it is with this And it is just as futile an effort now as meat, and that also is well. So we chapter. The prophet denounces idola­ it was when our Lord first recited it should emulate him; we should in our try .not out of a mere love of de­ in the days of His flesh. church have worship-that element is nunciation, but because idolatry does Men are not interested in the facts well enough if it be kept in its proper despite to a positive thing that fires about God, but in what use they place-but we should also have ma­ the prophet's soul. The prophet's can make of their thoughts about terial service; in worshiping the god scorn for what is false is a generous Him. Creeds may vary, men say; but we should not neglect the making of thing because it springs from a pro­ a man can make any creed effective the fire and the roasting of the meat." found love of what is true. Idolatry in his life. Theology, they tell us, is a 358 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN Deeember 25 mere expression of Christian experi­ instructed him, and taught him in the god." They are trying to produce ence; it is a mere interpretation of an path of judgment, and taught him decency without principle; they are attitude of the human soul. At the knowledge, and shewed to him the trying to keep back the raging sea of present time we may still find it use­ way of understanding?" passion with the flimsy mud-embank­ ful, men say in effect; to conceive of But despite this infinity of mystery, ments of self-interest; they are trying God as a person; but there may come there are some things that God has to do without the stern, solid masonry a time when some other conception revealed; some things even with re­ of the will of God. When will the may serve better the needs of men. gard to the most mysterious of God's vain effort cease? Shall we continue Of course such pragmatism is really acts. We cannot explain the purpose on our wanderings? Shall we continue skeptical to the core; it is nothing but of the earthquake and the fire; but we to stagger like drunken men? Shall we a dismal skepticism which instead of have been told some things about still fashion a divinity that shall serve having the honest courage of its own them. We have had our complacent our utilitarian ends? Shall we amuse negations decks itself out in the now judgments stilled. We have been told ourselves with idols? Or shall we re- meaningless language of devotion. But that we have no right to regard those turn unto God? . it is all in vain. God is quite useless horrors as indicating greater sin on if He exists only in idea. If a man the part of those who suffered than regards the belief in a personal God the sin of those who escaped; but we as a mere interpretation of experience, have been told on the other hand that North Jersey Presbyterial useful only to this generation and we all. deserved to suffer calamity ten destined to pass away as the forms of thousand times greater than these; Meets at Ringoes we have had revealed to us the full men's thought change, then even in GREAT enthusiasm and devotion to dreadfulness of sin in the presence this generation he no longer really missionary responsibility marked believes in a personal God at all. Men of the holiness of God's being. And the fall meeting of the North Jersey say that we must not hold a static we have been told of the act of God's ~resbyterial held on November zoth conception of religion; but, after all, grace by which at infinite cost to God III the Calvary Orthodox Presbyterian facts, despite all our fine words, if Himself-we have a right to utter Church of Ringoes, New Jersey.About they be real facts, are never subject these stupendous words-mercy was to change. We may correct our errors; extended to us who deserve it not. eighty women were present from but if we have ever attained to truth Great are the mysteries that are not widely separated areas. Mrs. John F. the truth will remain true for millions revealed; they should ever make us Gray, wife of the pastor of the host upon millions upon millions of years. humble. But greater also, and at least church, presided as president pro Shall we give up the search for truth? sufficient, are the mysteries that have tempore. Her opening speech struck That is the real religious question of been revealed. And these mysteries the theme for the day's discussions: the day. Shall we content ourselves should make us more humble still. "Our Missionary Responsibility to with the meaningless pastime of for­ When will men see that nothing Our Own Community." Miss Mar­ mulating creeds which are intended but truth can satisfy the longing of garet E. Huntof Philadelphia gave the only to be useful and not to be true? the human soul? Religious concep­ morning address which was full of Or has God spoken and revealed the tions which are merely useful and not practical suggestions for persuading truth? eternally true are not useful at all. But, unchurched families to attend the We Christians think that He has. as it is, a deadly blight of pragmatism church. He has, it is true, revealed but a little. has fallen upon the world. The in­ The offering of the day was set We are but finite creatures, and God tellect is dethroned and intellectual apart for the work of the Rev. Bruce F. has not destroyed us by showing us the decadence is rapidly setting in. Men Coie in Warren Point and, as a re­ full splendors of His being. Certainly are following the will-a'-the-wisp of a sult, the piano used in the chapel is the things that we know not are vastly practical religion which shall some­ almost entirely paid for. The Rev. greater than the things that we know. how be independent of facts; they are Wilson Albright conducted a forum There are many questions which we trying to produce a decent, moral life on the subject of community mission can never answer. I received a letter in this world while denying the basis work, and the discussion was ably in yesterday morning's mail from a of morality in the being of God. They handled by Mrs. H. C. Walwyn of gentleman in New York, a stranger to have embarked on a vain search for an Columbus, N. J., and Miss Susan me, who appeals to me "as a religious authority Which is merely man-made Beers of the Morristown church. teacher" to reconcile the awful facts and can therefore never command· the Musical selections were rendered by' of earthquakes and tidal waves with reverence of man. The words of Hosea Mrs. Justus Bryan of White Horse an Overruling Providence. And a are fulfilled in the modern conception and Mr. Coie and the Rev. James W. stamped enveloped is enclosed for of God, as in the idolatry of the eighth Price. reply! No, my·friends, there are some century before Christ. Of the useful, Mr. Price, newly-installed pastor of things that God has not revealed. God non-existent, practical God of modern Immanuel Church, Morristown, gave has not invited us finite creatures to times also it may be said: "The work­ the afternoon address. He stressed the sit at the council table of the universe. man made it; therefore it is not God." importance of the Christian home. He rules all things yet in accordance The world is restless today. There There, he asserted, was the most diffi­ with His mysterious will. "Who hath are many voices but there is no peace. cult place to live the Christian life directed the Spirit of the Lord, or Men are feverishly saying, to a god but also the most effective means of being his counsellor hath taught him? manufactured to serve the social needs spreading the gospel and building up With whom took he counsel and who of man: "Deliver me; for thou art my the church. 1945 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN 359

ing in The United States News, asks good old-fashioned sense. Certainly '!he 7:~liIdan- the disturbing question whether, if our we, who believe in the Scriptures, find GUARDIAN national policy is to be dominated by no reason there to assume that man will inevitably move on from one 1505 Race Street, Philadelphia 2, Pa. a philosophy of force and by power politics, we are not compelled to advance to another. The Bible gives admit that Hitler has really won the us quite a different picture when it EDITORS war. Some system of military train­ says, "When the Son of man cometh, Ned B. Stonehouse ing may have to be devised, he admits, shall he find faith on the earth?" Paul Woolley but surely not one in which for a year (Luke 18:8). the army and navy will be in the posi­ Rather, the keynote of human life ADVISORY COUNCIL tion of "controlling everything, in­ today.is sounded by an underlying and Robert L. Atwell cluding the indoctrination of military hauntmg fear. We wonder who will be lohnP. Clelland 'ideals'-the ways to hate and kill." the first to start the next war by ex­ Leslie A. Dnnn This is not the time, he insists; to ploding a series of atomic bombs in John Patton Galbraith abandon moral force and to place the the midst of great cities. In particular, c Edward L. Kellogg emphasis upon physical force. we wonder what the intentions of \ We are not advocating an unreal­ Russia in this matter are. Are we ac­ istic optimism. The prospects for an tually going to have to live out in the I EDITORIAL I era of peace are not bright. And pre­ countryside for very fear? Is it true paredness is absolutely essential. But that we shall have to consider building Conscription the preparedness must be geared to cities under ground? IN THE November 25th number, the new atomic age upon which we There is no particular reason to be we published a vigorous article have entered. If, as has been predicted, surprised by these things. Did not our against peacetime conscription from the next war will be of only thirty-six Isord indicate that before His return the pen of Robert S. Marsden. It is, hours' duration, the issue will not be men would be "fainting for fear, and we believe, a timely statement on the decided by massive armies. for expectation of the things which are subject. It presents a side of the de­ And as we contemplate the gloomy coming on the world" (Luke 21: 26)? bate that has received very little' atten­ predictions as to the character of the It is also interesting to note that the tion in the daily press. But it is the next war, are we not compelled, by all apostle Peter connects with the day of more deserving of attention because that is holy and just, to labor as ~e the Lord the fact that "the elements it gets down to basic principles. Chris­ have never labored before for the shall be dissolved with fervent heat" tians should insist that this question enunciation and application of Chris­ (II Pet. 3:10). Perhaps we now know be decided by the Congress on the tian principles in international rela­ a bit more about how that may be basis of principle, and not by mere tions? Man will never produce lasting brought to pass. expediency or as a question on which peace. Only the return of the Prince In the face of this all-pervasive fear, we must simply defer to the advice of of Peace will bring. the age of peace. what should our attitude as Christians military experts. But God forbid that we should fail to be? The answer is not hard to find. We The other side of the case has re­ insist, with as much urgency and need not be bowed down with the ceived the best press. The reason is power as we can command, that men well-nigh universal heart gnawing. not far to seek. It has had the advan­ everywhere must acknowledge Him Instead of being bowed down, the tage of being sponsored by the most now. Bible says that we are to "look up and lift up" our heads; we are to "take popular and glamorous men of the day, men like Generals Marshall and heed" to ourselves, to "watch," and to make "supplication" (Luke 21:28, Eisenhower, whose brilliant leader­ Fear ship has placed the nation deeply in 34, 36). True, the immediate outlook THE word "atomic" has probably may not be a particularly pleasant one, their debt. And it hardly need be said appeared in print during the last but fear of men, of things, of other na­ that the fact that President Truman few months a thousand times for every tions is not in the vocabulary of the has been convinced by the military single appearance in a like period be­ child of God. He who fears God and leaders, that universal military train­ fore last summer. Such a notable ex­ Satan, the one with love, the other ing is a sheer military necessity, has pansion of human knowledge as the with hatred, need fear nothing else. also served to give it a conspicuous recent discovery should, according to We know not how long the great day place in. the daily press. the optimistic standards of humanism, may be deferred, but we rejoice to see But· there has been a growing have been greeted with tremendous the Word take on more vivid meaning chorus of voices on the other side. delight. We should all be very happy in our day. "For now is salvation And these have by no means been lim­ about the matter, and be dreaming of nearer to us than when we first be­ ited to pacifists and isolationists. Be- the way in which humanity is to have lieved" (Rom. 13:11). .sides some effective argument in the its basic satisfaction with life in­ religious press, the stand of able creased. The advance ought to be writers like Paul Mallon and David hailed as a notable step in the in­ What Price Victory? Lawrence has been impressive. They evitable march of human progress. have carefully analyzed the arguments But the facts are very different. T HAS always given Americans a of the military men and have found Even .some of the pagans in the I comfortable feeling to believe that them wanting. modern world have begun to doubt they were respected by the peoples of David Lawrence, for example, writ- tile inevitability of progress, in the the earth for their charitable and gen- 360 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN December 25

erous spirit and for their idealism, women and children die in the Vienna is government policy. What does our There has been considerable ground streets because they have been our Lord say about it? Have you read Mat­ I for this feeling, Americans have been enemies. We offer them nothing, for thew 25, beginning with the thirty­ I idealistic and generous. The Protestant they lived under enemy tyranny. That first verse, recently? churches have often been leaders in I promoting good works. At the present time, the feelings of the peoples of the earth about Amer­ The Life of Jesus Christ BIBLE STUDY I ica and Americans are changing very I rapidly. We are now following, at the A Home Study Course by the REV. LESUE W. SLOAT close of World War II, a policy which has little resemblance to that of former LESSON 4 never seen before, he immediately rec­ days. The Baptism of Jesus ognized that here was one holier than Americans have always had faults. SCRIPTURE: Matthew 3:1-17; Mark himself, one who needed not to be The proverbial American tourist baptized, but who Himself might well 1:1-11; Luke 3:1-38; John 1:15-34· abroad is but a reflection of the fact have baptized John. So John ob­ that we have, indeed, been proud and HE time for Jesus to enter upon jected to doing what Jesus asked. But boastful. But with our faults have gone T His public ministry came when Jesus replied, "Suffer it to be so now, a warm-heartedness and friendliness He was about thirty years old, prob­ for thus it becometh us to fulfill all which have mitigated, though not ex­ ably in 26 A.D. The occasion was the righteousness." And so Jesus was bap­ cused, them. At the present moment, appearance.of John the Baptist. John tized by John. however, though the world contains a was the child who had been promised Immediately afterward Jesus went larger proportion of pure human mis­ to Zacharias and Elizabeth. A little up from the river's edge and knelt in ery than we have seen for many a day, older than Jesus, he had grown to prayer. And as He was praying, a there is no heartfelt nation-wide out­ manhood without attracting public strange event took place. The heaven pouring of generous charity. UNRRA notice. But recently, perhaps when opened, and the Holy Spirit was seen is an official government affair to he was also about thirty years old, by Jesus and John, descending and which the ordinary citizen pays little he had begun to preach publicly in a resting as a dove upon Jesus. At the attention, Some of the churches are region of Judea near the Jordan River. same time a voice from heaven was doing their best to awaken us to a Resognized immediately as in the line heard saying, "Thou art my beloved realization of what is going on in of the Old Testament prophets, he Son. On thee I have set my pleasure." Europe, but the nation is not stirred. had attracted great crowds. He de­ This descent of the Spirit John recog­ Can it be that our root trouble lies clared that the kingdom of God was nized as a sign which had been given in our new national policy? The war at hand, called on the people to re­ him by God. God had told him that was fought, presumably, to forward pent for their sins which he denounced when he saw this happen, he would justice and righteousness, to put an in plain language, and announced that know that the person to whom it hap­ end to tyranny. But have we made one greater and mightier than he pened was the promised Messiah of any headway toward replacing tyranny would shortly appear. He baptized the Israel. Later on he told the people with anything better in Germany and people with water, when they came to that he had seen the sign and that by Austria and Hungary and Rumania him and confessed their sins. But this it he knew that Jesus was the Messiah. and Bulgaria? Is the Potsdam Declara­ one who would follow him, he said, The baptism of Jesus marks the tion proving to be an instrument for would baptize with the Holy Spirit public assumption by Him of the forwarding the cause of freedom, even of God, and would at the same time offices and work of the Redeemer of apart from the pleadings of mercy? bring swift judgment upon the un­ God's people. The years before had Literally millions of people are being righteous. been years of preparation. Now the torn from their homes in Poland and It is not strange that he attracted time had come for His public mani­ forced to ride in freight cars or march widespread attention. The official San­ festation to Israel and to the world. over the roads westward, hundreds of hedrin even sent a delegation to "in­ Consequently Jesus first of all did that miles. They can carry little with them, vestigate" him. Some people began to which openly identified Him with the They arrive exhausted, at the point of wonder whether he himself might not people of Israel. He was not a sinner, collapse. Do we care? And, to be very be the Messiah. But he claimed to be had never transgressed the law of God, specific, how can we justify, from the only "a voice crying in the wilder­ and thus could not personally respond point of view of Christian morality, ness," and urged the people to pre­ to John's call to repentance. Yet as the refusal of our government to per­ pare for the coming one. His parents He was to be identified with the peo­ mit private agencies, such as churches, had been told that he would go "in ple, and as He was to bear their sins and individuals, you, me and the other the spirit and power of Elijah," and in His own body upon the cross, so fellow, to send relief to citizens of the description certainly characterized now He identifies Himself with them these countries against which we his life and his preaching. to the extent of undergoing and in fought? People are starving in Vienna. The Baptist's fame reached even fact insisting upon that rite which We used to think it chivalrous to give into Galilee far to the north, and one ordinarily involved confession and re­ a cup of water to an enemy soldier day a company of Galileans came to pentance. Already he is consciously dying on a battlefield, although he John. Jesus was among them. He acting in his capacity of a substitute might have been firing at our troops a asked to be baptized. As John looked for and a representative of those He few moments before. Now we let upon Jesus, whom he had probably came to save. 1945 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN 361

But there must also be a recogni­ people, planned from the beginning means Jesus was baptized­ tion of Him as the Messiah, and a Of the world, is a work of God in whether it was sprinkling, immer­ public proclamation to that effect. which each Person of the blessed Trin­ sion, etc.? Consequently we see that His en­ ity has a part. And as it is the Son who 5. In what ways, if any, does John's trance upon His public ministry came is to be especially the Redeemer and baptism differ from baptism as we in connection with the preaching of Mediator, so, as He enters upon that know it, so far as its significance the last of the line of Old Testament public work, the testimony not only is concerned. prophets. John'S peculiar task was to of the prophet John but also of the prepare the people for the Saviour's Father and the Spirit converge upon coming, and to identify Him to them Him. Christ Himself is made the cen­ Teal when He appeared. This he did, de­ tral figure, in so far as the attention (Continued from Page 356) claring openly to the people that "this of men is concerned. Upon Him all was he of whom he had spoken," and eyes must focus, and in Him all men the message of glad tidings to the later on describing Him as "The Lamb must trust, if they are to receive the shepherds and to all people of the of God that taketh away the sin of benefits of that work He undertakes earth. the world." to perform. For unto you is born this More than this, however, the one Weare not to think that the work day ... a Saviour which is Christ, the who is to be the Saviour of God's of Jesus as Saviour was to be only for Lord.' And the wonderful chorus of people must have the approval of the Jewish people. Although Jesus the angel's song, 'Glory to God in the God. And so we find that this too Himself was a Jew, and carried out highest, and on earth peace, good will occurs when Jesus begins His public His work among the Jews, John's wit­ toward men.' manifestation. The Father from ness was true, that He was the Lamb "The father closed the Book and heaven identifies Him as His own Son, of God who would bear the sin of the sat silently looking into the fire for a and declares that He is the special world. From the day when God prom­ moment, then he repeated again the object of the Father's favor. In proof ised our first parents in Eden that He last part of the angel song ... 'and of this, there is given to Him in a would destroy the Devil by the Seed on earth peace, good will toward men.' special and peculiar sense the abiding of the woman, mankind had been "Trinity of Persons that has ever oc­ Factual Questions not our brother whom we have seen, curred. Scripture teaches and we be­ 1. Recount all you know of the life how can we love God whom we have lieve that there are in the Godhead of John the Baptist. not seen." The love we show toward three distinct Persons, the Father, the 2. Who was the governor of Judea our brothers and sisters is a real proof Son, and the Holy Spirit. These three at the time of the Baptism? of our love to God.' are one God, the same in substance 3. By what sign did John know that "The two boys realized that this 1 and equal in power and glory. This is Jesus was the Messiah? little sermon was intended especially a mystery we cannot understand, yet 4. What unique occurrences accom­ for them. Then as the family knelt in one whereby we may know God better panied the baptism of Jesus?What a circle in the firelight, the father than we otherwise could. At various is their significance? prayed that each heart there might be times during the Old Testament pe­ 5. John describes himself in words opened to the Saviour, the Prince of riod one of the divine Persons was taken from one of the Old Testa­ Peace, and He might fill them all with manifested in some physical appear­ ment prophets. Which prophet love for God and for one another. ance, or by an audible voice. Rarely was it, and where do we find the "And now 'Goodnights' are quickly two of the Persons were manifested words? said and the children hurry off to bed. at the same time. But here all three Discussion Questions No one is tempted to dilly-dally for of the Persons are present in outward 1. Is a messagesuch as John preached the bedrooms are cold as ice-boxes. fashion. The Son stands before us in needed today? But all are soon comfortable and cozy human flesh. The Spirit descends in 2. Look up the life of Elijah with the between big, soft, feather-beds, fleecy visible form. And the approving voice help of a Bible dictionary or con­ blankets and warm, puffy, downquilts. of the Father is heard from heaven. cordance. In what ways was John "The next morning everyone was The manifestation of the Triune like Elijah? abustle with holiday preparations once God at the baptism of Jesus empha­ 3. The Israelites had heard a voice more. There would be no school till sizes the tremendous significance of from heaven once before. What a week after Christmas so the children the work upon which Jesus is now was said at that time? were free to take their full share in entering. The redemption of God's 4. Are we told by what particular the work. 362 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN Deeember 25

"Father said, 'Boys, I had planned ing the tree their father had marked the other side of the creek to draw to take you with me to cut the Christ­ and, when it was found, in cutting it the sled up the bank, for the snow mas tree and gather the evergreens to down, they forgot about everything was very firm and smooth, and the ornament the rooms-but neighbor else. The little fir their father had keen runners slid along with almost Nagle, down the valley, has just sent selected was not so very tall, but of a no effort at all. Thomas did not look for me to come help him with a sick beautiful shape and would make a back to see if Joey was behind him, animal on his farm and I can't tell handsome Christmas tree. The boys for he was interested in getting his how long I'll be gone. So I am afraid took turns in using the axe; this was prize all the way to the house before you will have to go for the tree by no novelty to them as chopping fire­ his brother caught up with him. As yourselves. I am sorry not to go with wood was one of their daily tasks. he reached the back door, Mother and you, but I think you'll get along all They tied their Christmas tree se­ the girls came running out on the right. Just follow the trail around the curely to the sled with the rope they porch and exclaimed in admiration south side of old Piney. About half had brought, and then began gather­ over the beautiful Christmas tree. way up you will come to the tree I ing evergreen branches and sprays of "Then Mother said, 'Why, Thomas, notched last week; Joey was with me laurel and holly, which grew plenti­ where is your brother?' then, and I think he knows where it is. fully on the mountainsides. They even "'Oh, he's coming along back Go early and get back as soon as you found a few sprigs of mistletoe. These there,' replied Thomas carelessly-but can. From the look of the weather, were also tied to the sled with the he suddenly felt uneasy, as he looked I believe there will be snow falling Christmas tree. Then the boys were back across the field and saw no sign before night. all ready for the return trip. So far of Joey, anywhere. Now he was really "The boys were thrilled at the idea everything had been very peaceful­ frightened and turned and ran back of going up on the mountain alone not a single quarrel. Partly, I believe, the way he had come, calling, 'Joey, and on such an important errand. it was because the boys had remem­ Joey, where are you?' Thomas climbed When they started out with the big bered their father's little sermon of up the trail all the way to the place homemade sled, the axe, and some the night before. Also, they had been where they had cut the tree but saw ropes to tie the.tree on the sled, three busy and happy in their task. But now no sign of his brother. And now he of their sisters-Ruth and Rachel the trouble began, for both boys wanted realized that it was no longer bright twins, who were younger than Thomas the honor of dragging home the sled and sunny, the sky had become over­ but older than Joey, and little Jane bearing the beautiful tree. Joey begged cast with dark clouds, the wind was (five years old)-went with them as at least to 'take turns,' but Thomas beginning to blow, and already snow­ far as the little bridge, which spanned said angrily, 'No, Joe, you wouldn't flakes were whirling in the air. They the now frozen Stony Creek. As the do it right, you'd probably upset the became so thick. that Thomas could little girls paused to turn back, Ruth whole thing-you can walk behind hardly find his way back down the said, 'Boys, aren't you afraid to go and watch the load and pick up any trail again. As he descended he still over on the mountain alone-you pieces that drop.' kept calling Joey's name, as well as might meet"the Hermit.' 'No!' replied "This arrangement did not suit he could between sobs, for.now he was Thomas very loudly and boldly, Joey at all, and a struggle followed for crying bitterly. Where was Joey? Lost , 'Course we're not afraid-boys aren't the sled rope by which the load was somewhere in the mountain in a scared-only girls-beside I don't be­ to be pulled. It ended in Thomas jerk­ snowstorm, and it was all Thomas' lieve there is any "Hermit".' ing the rope out of his brother's hand fault; he knew that and it broke his "Little Joey said nothing but he felt and running away with the sled. He heart, for of course he loved his little a shiver run up and down his back as left the trail and cut across a smooth brother even though he had delighted he recalled the stories that some of shoulder of the mountain, a space bare in teasing him. the schoolchildren told about this of trees extending clear to the valley "When Thomas reached the house, mysterious 'Hermit'. They said.he had below. Suddenly, as Thomas ran, he his father had come home. He asked a long, white beard-almost down to tripped on a rock and nearly fell, los­ Thomas a few quick questions and his feet-wore hairy animal skins, had ing his hold on the sled rope. The then lost no time in starting out to claws instead of fingernails and fangs next thing he knew, the sled was search for his little boy himself. But like a wolf instead of regular. teeth. coasting all by itself down the moun­ first he said, 'We shall need a search­ Some said that he ran at the head of tainside. Thomas stood and watched, ing party. Thomas, you run over to a wolf pack and that they had heard breathless, while it slid a full quarter Simpson's and tell him to gather as them howling far away in the night. of a mile to the foot of Piney Peak many men as possible to hunt for (It is wonderful what some people's and on across the frozen surface of Joey.' imagination will do when it is allowed Stony Creek, till it stopped against the "The men came with torches and to run loose!) bank on the other side. As he ran lanterns for now the early winter eve­ "However, as the boys started out back to the trail and started down, he ning was near at hand. They searched on their adventure it was a sunny, win­ could hear his little brother behind far into fhe night on the mountain­ ter morning with the snowy fields and him calling, 'Wait for me, Tommy, sides and down the valley below but hillsides sparkling like diamonds, so please wait for me!' But Thomas only found no trace of little Joey. there seemed nothing to be afraid of, laughed tormentingly and ran faster "The storm blew over and the and besides they had often been along without looking back-which is a moon came out, making the snowy that same trail with their father and very mean, cowardly way for a big landscape as light as day-but Joey had never seen any alarming sight. boy to treat a little one. was still lost. Tom and Joey were so intent on find- "It was not hard when he reached (To be concluded) 1945 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN 363

Is the Pope Infallible? I DOCTRINE I By the REV. PAUL WOOLLEY Professor of Church History in Westminster Theological Seminary

N A famous statement which the the Roman Church and of the reasons bishops solemnly affirmed this in two I Roman pope issued in 1864, he which compelled him to withdraw Councils. Pope Stephen condemned condemned anyone who should say from it. this opinion and practice and forbade that the pope ought to "reconcile One of the sections of the volume it under anathema. Cyprian thereupon himself with progress." contains Dr. Sullivan's appraisal of the called a great Council of eighty-five The meaning of this declaration be­ difficulties which arise when a think­ bishops. He told them they had liberty came clearer when the world realized ing man tries to persuade himself that to express their full opinion, for, said that the chief purpose of the Vatican the popes have been infallible when he, 'None of our bishops here sets him­ Council of 1870 was to make a dec­ teaching the church authoritatively in self up as bishop of bishops, nor tries laration concerning papal infallibility. matters of faith and morals. Although to force his colleagues to obedience by That declaration was vigorously op­ some of Dr. Sullivan's data are more tyrannical terror.' No one in the world posed by the most learned and best direetly applicable than others to the could doubt at whom that shot was informed bishops of the Roman com­ point of papal infallibility in official aimed. This Council voted unani­ munion. But the opposition was to no teaching on faith and morals, the mously that baptism by heretics was avail. The facts of history demonstrat­ whole summary is so valuable that we invalid. They added that Stephen had ing that papal infallibility was a quite have secured the kind permission of fallen into error by holding the con­ untenable doctrine were disregarded. the publisher to reproduce it for our trary opinion, and had overstepped his The Council approved the teaching as readers. It should be remembered that authority in trying to force his opinion a dogma of the church. The exact the teaching of the Roman Church is, on others. St. Optatus asserted, in the wording (in English translation) of of course, that infallibility has been a face of Stephen's decree, that the bap­ the most significantpart of the deci- . characteristic of the popes from earli­ tism of heretics was invalid, though sion is: est times to the present. The decision the baptism of schismatics was valid. The Roman pontiff, when he of 1870 was regarded simply as the And the great doctor, St. Basil, says speaks ex cathedra, that is, when declaration of an existing fact. Dr. that although the Romans forbade a performing the function of pastor Sullivan writes: repetition of baptism, 'We here re­ and teacher of all Christians by vir­ "First: If the Pope was held infal­ baptize heretics.' And Augustine in tue of his supreme apostolic author­ lible from the beginning, the early his day says that on the question of ity he defines a doctrine concerning Fathers who wrote so largely upon the re-baptizing, the doctors differ and faith or morals as to be held by the faith and whose authority stands so will continue to differ until a General universal church, through the di­ high as'a standard of faith, would wit­ Council settles the matter once for vine assistance promised to him in ness to the fact. But they do not. As all. The question then arises whether the blessed Peter, possesses that in­ the opposition bishops repeatedly said these illustrious Fathers of the Church fallibility with which the divine re­ at the Council, not a single Father of could have had the remotest idea of deemer wished his church to be the Church, Greek or Latin, and not the Pope's infallibility in so acting equipped in defining doctrine con­ a single General Council attributes in­ and so writing. Could Cyprian have cerning faith or morals. fallibility to the Pope alone. Even on gone to the length of open rebellion if In 1909 a brilliant American Paulist the fundamental Scriptural support of it had ever entered his head that Pope priest, an outstanding preacher, left the papal claims, the text in which Stephen was infallible? the Roman church because he had be­ Jesus calls Simon a rock on which he "Third: Pope Celestine had con­ come convinced that truth was not builds his Church, and gives to Peter demned Nestorius, and Pope Leo I, given its proper place by that church. the keys of the kingdom, only seven­ Eutyches. Yet the Councils of Ephesus Instead, he found that institutional teen of the Fathers say that, in these and Chalcedon met to consider-the loyalty and external conformity were words, the Church was built on Peter; one, Nestorius, and the other, Eutyches, valued more. than moral integrity, but forty-four declare that the rock and proceeded to their own condem­ right and justice. His name was Wil­ was Peter's faith in the divinity of the nations of the two heresiarchs, after liam Laurence Sullivan. He passed Lord-an extraordinary state of affairs examining the whole case. Could they through many difficulties, through ill­ if those early teachers knew of the in­ have done this superfluous work if ness and poverty, and ultimately be­ fallibility of Peter's successor. Could they thought Celestine and Leo had came a minister of the Unitarian they have been so silent if they knew infallibly disposed of the affair? Could Church. When he died in 1935, he anything about the dogma? the two great Councils possibly have was engaged in writing his autobiog­ "Second: The primate of Africa, met in order to give a mere embroi­ raphy. It has recently been published St. Cyprian, one of the greatest of the dery of pomp to papal condemnations, by Richard R. Smith with the title, Fathers, refused to allow the validity already infallibly pronounced? Leo Under Orders. * It contains a fascinat­ of baptisms administered by heretics. himself, in writing of the Council of ing story of Sullivan's early years in He ordered that all persons so bap­ Chalcedon, says that he had indeed tized should be rebaptized on entering condemned Eutyches, and now the the Church. Cyprian and his African Council had 'confirmed (finnavit) his 364 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN December 25

actions with its own irreformable subvert the spotless faith by an im­ tles did not actually own anything, assent' (irretractabile assensu), as pious betrayal.' And for some cen­ even in common; and secondly, that a though it were the Council's act, not turies every new Pope, on assuming thing could be used without implying his, which was irreformable. office, anathematized Honorius along any right to' use it (usus facti, sed sine "Fourth: A certain letter of Ibas of with other heretics. So we have a Gen­ jure). Pope Nicholas IV decided that Edessa had been charged with heresy. eral Council, the proceedings of which these two propositions were true and Pope Vigilius issued a decree saying were acknowledged by a Pope, con­ that it would involve excommunica­ that the Council of Chalcedon had demning and excommunicating of a tion to deny them. Yet John XXII approved Ibas and his letter. There­ Pope for favoring heresy. It is a cruel called them both not only erroneous fore Vigilius upheld Ibas and forbade case for pro-infallibility partisans, and but heretical, and he excused his con­ anybody to reopen the case. He for­ the anti-infallibility bishops at the tradicting a predecessor by saying that bade also any contradiction to his pres­ Vatican Council drove it home re­ Nicholas' decree had not been sup­ ent decree or the making of any peatedly. One of those bishops was ported by the approval of a General change in it. Here was a doctrinal de­ one day speaking against the new Council. Here again it is implicitly cision if there ever was one. Yet the dogma, and referred again to Hono­ stated that a doctrinal decree of a fifth General Council did reopen the rius. 'We have heard all that before,' Pope is not by itself alone infallible. case, despite the prohibition. Further interrupted a pro-infallibilist bishop. "Ninth: Pope Stephen VI nullified i than that, it solemnly decided that 'You certainly have,' retorted the the ordinations conferred by his pred­ , Chalcedon had not approved and speaker, 'but you have never refnted ecessor, Formosus, and ordered re­ could not have approved Ibas' letter, it.' The pinch of the episode comes ordination of the clerics ordained by for it was heretical. Again the question here: if the Council was wrong in him. Then John IX nullified all the presses hard. Is it possible that those attributing an heretical mind to Hono­ acts of Stephen and affirmed the valid­ bishops of the fifth Council knew rius, then a General Council can err ity of the ordinations of Formosus. anything about the infallibility of the in a matter pertaining to faith, and Later on, Sergius III annulled the acts Pope whom they thus set aside? that destroys the whole Church's in­ of Formosus and John IX and ap­ "Fifth: When Pope Pelagius recog­ fallibility. If the Council was right, it proved those of Stephen VI. But since nized the fifth Council, a great many destroys the Pope's infallibility. The it is a sacrilege to re-ordain a man, bishops in Italy, Gaul, and Africa, one conclusion we can draw from the these Popes, who nullified orders and who thought that this act discredited event without torturing the evidence commanded re-ordination, certainly the Council of Chalcedon, denounced is that nobody concerned dreamed sinned against the faith, and carried Pelagius, and several of them cut him that a Roman Pontiff was infallible. their sin into public act of the gravest off from Communion. The great Irish And the case seems to be clinched by character. Throughout the scandalous monk, St. Columbanus, wrote to Pope Honorius II in 868. Honorius II business it never occurred to anyone Pelagius, grieving 'over the infamy of says that the Orientals declared an to mention a Pope's infallibility. Peter's chair.' 'You have made the anathema on Honorius I. 'But it must "Tenth: St. Boniface, the Apostle ancient faith void,' says he to the not be forgotten that the ground of of Germany, submitted a moral ques­ Pope. 'Therefore your juniors in sta­ the condemnation was heresy; and tion to Pope Gregory II. A Christian tion rightly resist you and rightly re­ that is the one and only ground on couple had been for some time living fuse communion with you." Had these which it is permitted (propter quam in marriage when the wife fell gravely remonstrants any notion that they solam licitum est) to men in a lower ill, making conjugal relations impos­ were withstanding an infallible oracle station to condemn their superiors.' sible. May the husband marry another of the Holy Ghost? There is not a sign These words state beyond the reach woman? The Pope answered that it that they had; there is every indication of doubt that a Pope believed that would be better for the man not to that they had not. Popes can be heretical and are, there­ marry. But since this calls for great "Sixth: The sixth General Council fore, not infallible. virtue, he may get married (nubat gives us the most famous case of all. "Seventh: When there were three. magis); only let him give the neces­ Pope Honorius had written letters to rival and contending Popes in the first saries of life to the first wife. So the patriarch Sergius which were of a years of the fifteenth century, and taught a Pope to a missionary out in nature to confirm Sergius in his heresy nobody knew which was the right one, the field. Can papal infallibility sur­ of Monothelitism, i.e., the heresy the Council of Constance met to put vive this kind of thing? which holds that there was only one an end to the scandal, and it declared "Eleventh: And can it survive the will in Christ. The sixth Council, that a General Council has its power repeated assertion of medieeval Popes Honorius being now dead, declares: immediately from Christ and must be of their right to depose civil rulers, to 'We order that Honorius, former Pope obeyed in all that pertains to faith by dispose of kingdoms, and to free sub­ of old Rome, be flung out (projici) of people of every class and dignity, even jects from their oath of allegiance? the Holy Catholic Church of God. papal dignity (dignitatis etiamsi pa­ The assertion of such rights is made We anathematize him, because, in his palis). There is not a sign that the in the most solemn terms and actually writings to Sergius, he had shared the Fathers of Constance recognized in­ carried into act, over and over. Not by mind of Sergius, and confirmed his fallibility in any Pope. any civil agreements do the Popes impious teachings.' Pope Leo II, in "Eighth: When the rebellious mem­ justify this pretension, but by the in­ accepting the sixth Council, wrote: bers of the Franciscans were fighting herent superiority of Church and pa­ 'We anathematize Honorius, who did fanatically for the idea of absolute pacy over all temporal powers. And if not adorn the apostolic see by holding poverty, they announced two proposi­ we say these excesses were not in­ fast to apostolic doctrine, but tried to tions: first that Christ and the Apos- fallible acts, suppose that some day a 1945 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN 385

Pope declares that they are? Catechism bears, in its introductory • chester and $160 in Bancroft to $224 "Twelfth: And what shall be said pages, the most cordial approval of its in Yale. . .. The pastor has been ac­ of the explicit denials of papal infalli­ doctrinal soundness by Bishops Car­ tive in a campaign to establish a Prot­ bility by good Catholics before 1870? ruthers, Gillis, Kyle, and Murdoch. estant Hospital in Huron and the Here, for instance, is the Controversial 'The sincere seeker after truth,' writes members of his congregations have Catechism by the Rev. Stephen Bishop Carruthers, 'will here find a contributed over six thousand dollars Keenan. I quote from the third edi­ lucid path opened to conduct him to for this purpose. tion and fifteenth thousandth issue, its sanctuary: Yet the 'Protestant in­ Omaha, Nebraska: The First Ortho­ dated 1854, only sixteen years before vention' of papal infallibility is today dox Presbyterian Church and the the Vatican Council. Question: 'Must a truth revealed by God, and necessary Logan Fontenelle Chapel report con­ not Catholics believe the Pope himself to salvation. Would it be possible to siderable activity. Attendance at the to be infallible?' Answer: 'This is a find a more annihilating proof that Thanksgiving service set a new record Protestant invention; it is no article this dogma of 1870 was unknown as for that service in spite of very cold of the Catholic faith; no decision of such to English-speaking Catholics, weather. The chapel will hold a spe­ his can oblige, under pain of heresy, when here we see them humiliated at cial Christmas program under the unless it be received and enforced by having it attributed to them-and leadership ofMiss Mary Roberts. the teaching' body, that is by the vigorous in rejecting it as a Protestant bishops of the Church: Dr. Keenan's slander?" Presbytery of New York and New England COVENANT Church, Albany: At the second annual Fellowship Orthodox Presbyterian I NEWS Banquet of the Sunday school, held on November i Sth, a record attend­ ~hDrehNews ance ef ninety-five was present. The speaker was the Rev. Raymond M. Presbytery of California Knowles became pastor when, on Oc­ Meiners. Now that the war has ended, FIRST Church, San Francisco: On tober 23rd, he was installed by the prospects for a young people's work Sunday evening, November 25th,. Presbytery of the Dakotas. Following are very bright. Chaplain E. Lynne Wade was the the installation, a reception for the Calvary Church, Schenectady: At a guest preacher. He gave a stirring mes­ pastor and his wife was held in the recent service a religious film, entitled sage which proved a rich blessing to basement of the church.... On No­ "They Live Forever," was shown. The the congregation. A most successful vember 7th a Harvest Festival was film, which is a fifty-minute full color service of praise at the Thanksgiving held under the auspices of the Ladies' sound-motion picture, was produced Day service is also reported. On No­ Aid. In acknowledgment of the har­ by the Moody Bible Institute. About vember 23rd the Machen League of vests, a thank offering was received in seventy-five people were present. Ap­ the church was entertained by the the amount of $487. This collection proximately the same number were Rev. and Mrs. Robert K. Churchill was supplemented by contributions of present at the Thanksgiving Fellow­ and the Machen League of Berkeley, $655 from the Ladies' Aid Society and ship Supper held on November zoth. the occasion being the thirteenth wed­ the Sunday school, and was used for Several returned service men gave ding anniversary of the Churchills. the purchase of pews and for painting testimonies and the evening was fea­ First Church, Long Beach: Chap­ of the church. tured by the singing of hymns. Of the lain James E. Moore, who is soon to The churches in Bancroft, Man­ twenty-three men in the service from return to his congregation in Balti­ chester and Yale,S. D., report both this church, including members and more (Presbyterian Church in the activity and progress under. the leader­ friends, eleven have been' discharged. United States), preached at both serv­ ship of the Rev. Melvin B. Nonhof. ... The church was represented by ices on November 25th to large Bancroft and Manchester, having two delegates at the recent Sunday . audiences. Chaplain Moore has been achieved the status of self-supporting school convention in Willow Grove. taking a brief vacation in Southern churches rather recently, now report California with his wife whose former substantial balances in the church Presbytery of New Jersey home is Long Beach. treasury at the time of the annual con­ OVENANT Church, East Orange: Grace Church, Los Angeles: Chap­ gregational meetings early in Novem­ C Dr. and Mrs. Alexander K. Davi­ lain Moore was guest preacher on De­ ber.... Special evangelistic meetings son and their three children have re­ cember r zth. The church is recalling were held at Manchester from Decem­ ceived a hearty welcome. The release with great thankfulness the effective ber 3rd' to 7th. . . . The Bancroft of Dr. Davison from the armed forces ministry of the Rev. Robert· K. church recently bade farewell to one after his service of more than four Churchill in the week of meetings of its elders, Mr. H. D. Thaden, who years as a chaplain was reported in the held early in October, which were re­ after thirteen years of service as elder last issue. In a recent contest in the ported last month. in the church, went with his family Sunday school on two months' lesson to Huron, S. D. A farewell gathering material, as published in The Key, the Presbytery of the Dakotas was, held in their honor. . . . The Junior Intermediate Department won ALVARY Church, Volga, S. D.: Lord's Acre Projects of the several from the Adults' Bible Class by the C After serving for a considerable Ladies' Aids were very successful, the close margin of thirty to twenty-nine. period as supply pastor, Louis E. receipts ranging from $120 in Man- Faith Church, Pittsgrove: Attend- 368 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN Deeemher 25

ance at evening services has shown a Entertainment was provided by the Atwell as the special speaker. The notable increase, beginning with Oc­ young people, and the Rev. John F. teacher, William Kiester, presided tober. Never falling below twenty-five, Gray gave an appropriate address. over a short business session.... The in this period, the average attendance First Church, FortLauderdale, Fla.: Dorcas Guild held a dinner for mem­ in November reached the encouraging During the vacation of the Rev. John bers and their husbands on December figure of forty-six. At a recent com­ C. Hills, the pulpit was occupied by 11th, after which they packed boxes munion service three persons became Dr. Thomas E. Welmers of Holland, for soldiers and assembled terraria for members on profession of faith. Morn­ Michigan, and his son Dr. William shut-ins. On December znd, Mr. At­ ing attendance has also increased. E. Welmers, pastor of the Knox well preached at the Hilltop School Chaplain Lawrence H. Jongewaard Church in Philadelphia. and the aftendance reached thirty­ preached to an audience of over one two. The Christmas program of the hundred at the evening service of Presbytery of Philadelphia Sunday school was held on December November 25th. In connection with ETH ANY Church, Nottingham: zoth. his message, he recounted experiences B During recent weeks the church Knox Church, Philadelphia: The from his service of more than three has enjoyed the presence of several tenth anniversary .of the church was and a half years. He told of the won­ guest speakers. An eight-day mission­ celebrated during the latter part of derful way in which his life had been ary evangelistic conference was held, November. To commemorate this oc­ spared. with the Rev. Messrs. Lewis and casion, a social night was held on No­ Grace Chapel, Warren Point: In Ostien of the Sudan Interior Mission. vember 23rd, and a special anniversary this new field, enrollment in the Bible Two of the young people of the service on Sunday morning, Novem­ school has risen to thirty-five, with an church indicated their readiness to ber 25th. Highlights of the social were average attendance in November of give their lives for full-time service. A sound movies, remarks from one of twenty-three. The average attendance recent visit by the Rev. Floyd E. the former pastors, the Rev. John B. at the morning worship was eighteen. Hamilton and Mrs. Hamilton resulted Thwing, Jr., cello selections by the On November 13th a special mission­ in a new conception of Korea and the Rev. Professor Edward J. Young, and ary service was held. Representatives opportunities there. Mr. Hamilton ad­ refreshments served by the Ladies Aid of the Navajo Bible School and Mis­ dressed the missionary and Prayer Society. The anniversary service was sion in New Mexico and Arizona, in­ Band meetings. The Rev. R. Heber conducted by the Rev. John C. Hills, cluding a Navajo Indian, were present McIlwaine also was a recent visitor. who supplied the pulpit during the and showed moving pictures of their Following the day of his release from vacation of the pastor, Dr. William E. work. On November 25th the Rev. the chaplaincy, he told of some of his Welmers. Oscar Holkeboer, of the Faculty of experiences in the chaplaincy and Calvary Church, Germantown, Phila­ the Eastern Academy' in Paterson, was spoke of his hopes for restoring work delphia: At a meeting sponsored by the preacher. Mrs. Holkeboer is serv­ in Japan. Further evidence of the mis­ the Women's Missionary Society on ing as pianist at the services. A piano sionary interest of the church is to be November 30th, the Rev. Robert S. was recently purchased for $75. More found in the fact that useful gifts were Marsden showed motion pictures of than $25 was received from the recently sent to the Rev. and Mrs. many of the Orthodox Presbyterian North Jersey Presbyterial for this pur­ Francis E. Mahaffy in Eritrea and to churches. Guest preacher on Decem­ ~. pose. A thank-offering of ,$20 was re­ Mr. and Mrs. John E. Phillips who' ber znd was the Rev. John C. Hills of cently sent to the Committee on have just arrived in Anglo-Egyptian Fort Lauderdale, Florida. On Decem­ Home Missions. Sudan. Five service men have recently ber 9th, the Rev. Professor R. B. Grace Church, Trenton: The Ladies' been welcomed back, and those who Kuiper preached the morning sermon Missionary Society was represented by are still absent have been sent gifts as and administered the sacrament of eight mentbers at the North Jersey tokens of the affection and interest of baptism to his grandsons, Robert r Presbyterial. ... A quantity of cloth­ the church. Huston and David Janssen Kuiper, i ing has been sent to the Rev. J. Lyle Covenant Church, Pittsburgh: Con­ whose father, Dr. Klaudins Kuiper, Shaw for his work in Newport, Ky. tinued progress is reported in the new was recently discharged from the ... Delegates' to the recent Sunday location at Blackridge. The brick work Army. School Convention in Willow Grove on the church building is nearly com­ found it at once enjoyable and profit­ plete. Meanwhile services are being Presbytery of Ohio able. . . . Two carloads of young peo­ held in the new manse. In spite of its OVENANT Church, Indianapolis: ple enjoyed an evening of fellowship move of nearly five miles from its old C On November 7th, the church at the church in Ringoes on Novem­ location, apparently only one family had its first Fellowship Supper in the ber 9th .... The Boys Brigade jour­ will not continue as members, and in basement. More than sixty people I neyed to Morristown on November that case an expected departure to attended, which caused somewhat 24th to meet a group which had come Ohio i§ the reason. Cottage prayer cramped quarters even in the newest down from New Haven. That inti­ meetings have resulted in more wide­ addition to the building, the basement mate contact was established is proved spread interest in the mid-week serv­ of which was constructed this past by the fact that the day's events in­ ices. summer. After a banquet served by l cluded even a football game! . . . On Faith Church, Harrisville: The the ladies of the church, a program December 7th a congregational supper Young People's class of the Sunday was given by various members of the was held for members and friends of school held a supper meeting on No­ congregation. The occasion was help­ the church and the Sunday school. vember 30th, with the Rev. RobertL. ful in promoting a friendly attitude 1945 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN 367

toward the church in the community God's Word Shines Forth and should be but the beginning of (Psalm 119) more activity of that nature. With the basement, the church is able to en­ .~m.1LY 9TH. Vss. 1-16 (9) * large its program considerably. . . . ALTAR By way of introduction, let us learn Covenant Church is sustaining a real that in almost every verse of this long­ loss in the departure of the De Jong Studies in the• est Psalm there is a reference to God's family, who are moving to Michigan. Shorter Catechism Word, using nine or ten synonyms, Mr. De Jong has faithfully served in Hence, it is no surprise to find that the capacity of elder almost since the JAN. 5TH. PROVo 3°:1-9 (Question 104) the answer to the young man's ques­ founding of the church in 1936. On N LINE with the fourth petition, tion is the Word of God. A heart November 30th the church met in the we have this passage from Proverbs filled with the precepts of God will De Jong home for a farewell party. I in which two things are asked: grace ever rejoice in seeking to do His will and presented them with a Young's sufficient and food convenient. Let wholeheartedly. "Concordance" and a beautiful pic­ us make the request with the same * Verse to memorize. ture for their new home. .' . . The motive: that we sin not-either by Women's Missionary Societyhas made riches, spuming God, or by poverty, over two dozen stuffed toys for the disobeying and profaning the name of NOW WANTED work of the Rev. Lyle Shaw at the J. God. By such a petition, we acknowl­ YOUNG MEN-YOUNG WOMEN Newport, Ky., Mission for the Christ­ edge that our dependence is in God FOR TRAINING IN mas season. Three boxes of used cloth­ for all things. ing were sent to the Cornville, Maine, PSYCHIATRIC NURSING congregation for distribution among 6TH. MARK 11:15-26 (lOS) , WRITE. DIRECTOR OF NURSES the needy in that area. This petition binds us to observe Christian Sanatorium, Wyckoff, N. J. Presbytery of Wisconsin the second table of the Law, if we would not give the lie to our profes­ ETHEL Church, Oostburg: The sion of embracing the first table. There B Presbytery of Wisconsin, meet­ is certainly no clearer teaching of our ing in Oostburg on November zSth, Lord Jesus than this: that a man may admitted the Rev. John Verhage, for­ not expect forgiveness before God who merly a minister of the Evangelical harbors an unforgiving attitude in his and Reformed Church, to The Ortho­ own heart. These two things cannot dox Presbyterian Church and installed dwell together-love for God and him as pastor ofBethel Church, Oost­ hate for our fellow man. burg. The Rev. Richard B. Gaffin of Milwaukee, moderator of the pres­ 7TH. I COR. 10:12-22 (106) bytery, presided. The sermon was How often must these words be preached by the Rev. Jack Zandstra of voiced by the child of God in this Chicago on the theme, "Ambassadors world of sin and temptation! With for Christ," based upon II Corinthians the old nature working overtime and 5:20. The charge to the pastor was de­ the powers of evil insinuating them­ CHRISTIAN OPINION livered by the Rev. John Davies of selves upon us from all sides, we could Gresham and the charge to the con­ not get along without the help of ROOM 1106, 95 LIBERTY ST. gregation was given by the Rev. Dean God. The first part of the petition in­ NEW YORK, N. Y. W. Adair of Cedar Grove. The bene­ dicates the aversion of the renewed diction was pronounced by Mr. Ver­ man to sin; the second, his knowledge Order one or more copies of the hage. The former pastor of Bethel special issue on The Color Problem. of the only source of help, even God Seven articles setting forth what Church was the Rev. Oscar Holke­ the Father through the Lord Jesus is believed to be the Reformed boer, now teaching at Eastern Acad­ Christ by the help of the Holy Spirit. position on inter-race relations. emy, Paterson, N. J. Indian Mission, Gresham: The Rev. 8TH. EPH. 3:8-21 (107) (Price: 50 cents per cony) John Davies reports that regular church It is with grateful acknowledgment servicesare still being held in the pub­ that we ask our petitions of God: for lic school and that Bible classes, prayer He alone is able to hear and answer; Money for Your Treasury § meetings and other gospel services are for unto Him belongethpraise; for He being conducted in a government is the sovereign Ruler of all; for in OveE 2,000,000 building and in homes. The building . Him we live and move and have our SIUr,LOWER DISH CLOTHS program has come to a virtual stand­ being. The humble petitioner may ex­ were sold during 1942 by Ladies' Aids, and members of Sunday schools and still, but it is hoped that some progress pect great things from God because Young People's Groups. Finest quality may be made in erecting a superstruc­ God is great and greatly to be praised. cloths. An easy, pleasant way' to raise funds for your treasury or for the pur­ ture upon the basement foundation. Letus pray the Lord's prayer with in­ chase of WAR BONDS. Sample Free to Olliela) Funds for this purpose are urgently telligent sincerity and pattern all our Sangamon Mill_Est. 1915 needed and the help of others will be prayer after this one that glorifies our Cohoe., N. Y. much appreciated. Lord. 388 THE PRESBYTERIAN GUARDIAN DeeeIDber25,I945 . . 10TH. VSS. 17-P (18) the soul, established in heaven, but Apparently it was not going well keeping us from the dangers of this CHOIR GOWNS PULPIT ROBES with the psalmist. He was a stranger stormy life. , ...... H.,I.... Sto,.. and a pilgrim in the earth, he was an 15TH. Vss; 97-11 2 (105) Embrolderle., Etc. object of contempt in the eyes of his God's Word shinesl It is verily a NIW CATALOG .. Rell.... fellows. ~ spite of all his troubles, he lamp unto my feet-revealing the yet stuck to the testimonies of the dangers of the way so that I can avoid Lord. Lord, help us to evaluate Thy them. It is surely a light unto my path Truth above all things, to cling to it -directing me into the right way. as we descend into the valleys, to Withal, the man who walks in the honor it as we ascend the mountain Light of the Lord shall neither falter SUNDAY SCHOOL peaks of rejoicing. nor fall. He who possesses the Word PAPERS 11TH. Vss. 33-48 (46) in his heart is himself a lighthouse, Aspiration after spiritual things is a attracting and directing others into Edited by Reformed Bible Teachers great virtue. By it we long after and the heavenly channel. gladly receive the instructions of God's 16TH. Vss. 113-128 (126) Bible Lessons in Bible Order statutes. Because of it we constantlv There is never a time when it is thirst after the deep things of God. unnecessary for God to work. But Beautiful Colored Pictures for the Primary Classes But-the pool with no outlet soon stag­ there are especially crucial times when nates. Therefore, let us not only aspire we need to call upon God for a fuller Large Amount of Help for the Teachers to learn but also to testify, even before and more open manifestation of His kings. It is important to remember the hand. Such periods are marked usually A.k for .ample. need of those holding exalted office, by a decline from the precepts of the CHRISTIAN REFORMED PUBUSHING HOUSE as well as those in the humbler walks Word. This was the basis of the cry Gr_d Rapids, Mich. of life. All need the Christ whom we of the Allies, when the infidel Axis worship! hosts swept across Europe. Men of 12TH. Vss. 49-64 (63) our own nation are going their head­ Among other questions which face strong way. Pray for God to arouse the young man is that of companions. Himself in behalf of peace and right­ There is no better rule by which to eousness. measure one's associates than the holy 17TH. Vss. 129-144 (140) Word of our supernatural God. Run The purity of God's Word com­ not with the wicked who forsake the mends itself to those whose hearts are law, but rather attach thyself to those pure. Its purity adds to the radiance of who keep the precepts of the Lord. its light. By its purity the evil of the As water seeks its own level, so the wicked is set off in contrast and con­ believer seeks that high plane of demned. By its purity the righteous Christian living and association. are delighted, and provoked to strive 13TH. Vss. 65-80 (72) after purity. Our love for the Word NURSES' HOME The four steps in God's school of is a measure of the purity of our own affiiction are here. (1) The heavy hearts. Like attracts like. hand of God is laid upon His child to 18TH. Vss. 145-160 (154) NURSES turn him .from the wrong way to the Between God and man there is right way (vs. 67)' (2) Affliction is need for a mediator. God sent His NURSES' AIDES good, for thereby we are inclined to Son to be the Mediator. Happy is learn the statutes of God (vs, 71). that man who, seeking an advocate to ( 3) The righteous judgments of the plead his cause, calls upon Christ as ATTENDANTS Father are laid upon us through His His Mediator. Praise God, the media­ faithfulness (vs. 75). Human parents torial work of Christ is effective in de­ STUDENT NURSES often give up in despair, but our livering us from sin and bringing us heavenly Father continues faithfully unto the Father. Only through the YOUNG MEN AND YOUNG WOMEN to correct us. (4) Ever in affliction Word may we know this Mediator. TAKE TRAINING turn to the merciful comfort of Je­ 19TH. Vss. 160-175 (164) hovah God (vss. 76, 77) . When we consider our omnipotent YOUR SERVICES 14TH. Vss. 81-96 (89) God, our hearts are lifted in praise. When the waves of doubt and the The same impulse is felt when we ARE NEEDED storms of distress sweep over our souls, contemplate the wonders of His crea-, it is well to remember that God's tion. But unto the psalmist there came WRITE Word is settled in .heaven. This a seven-fold impulse to praise God SUPERVISOR OF NURSES thought is like the great anchor over when he turned to the righteous judg­ the side of the tossing ship. It runs ments of God. The more we think on CHRIsnAN SANATORIUM down deep in the ocean out of sight, the Word, the more we will rely on WYCKOFF, N. J. but it holds the boat securely. So the Lord. God's Word is the sheet anchor of -HENRY D. PHILLIPS

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