DOCSLIB.ORG

Out of Scope

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Out of Scope British Broadcasting Corporation Room BC2 B6 Broadcast Centre White City Wood Lane London W12 7TP Telephone 020 8008 2882 Email [email protected] Information Policy & Compliance bbc.co.uk/foi bbc.co.uk/privacy Steven King e-mail: [email protected] 18 May 2017 Dear Mr King, Freedom of Information Request - RFI20170568 Thank you for your request under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (the Act) dated 17 April, seeking the following information: ‘I wish to be provided here on whatdotheyknow website , the full policies and procedures that are now in place to protect ' vulnerable adults ' taking part in your radio and television programmes from being subjected to ANY forms of abuse that come under 'Adult Safeguarding '. I wish to know what assistance and support the BBC offers and vulnerable member of the public who has suffered any form of abuse and/or feels harmed following their participation in one of your programmes. In light of the Sir Jimmy Savile OBE KCSG allegations and findings, mainly following his death, I wish to see the reports prepared by and for the BBC into the investigations that were carried out, to include the lessons learned and any explanations or apologies made by senior officials of the BBC at the time, including any cover ups that were found ? I wish to see the guidance/policies/procedures that were put in place at that time to ensure abuse of people appearing in BBC programmes are to be protected from any risks or actual abuse of them, along with those specific documents that remain in place now - please show the dates these documents have been updated so as to comply with current Legislation and best practice in the field of Safeguarding. Please also show me documents to identify how your staff working at BBC Wiltshire Radio are trained so as to comply with Legislation and your own Policies and Procedures in respect of abuse and safeguarding, and if they become aware that a vulnerable person / persons taking part in one of their programmes is subjected to any form of abuse - what are the individual staff members duties and responsibilities ? It would help me to better understand. YES – I believe I have been abused by someone who took part in a BBC Wiltshire radio broadcast and ask for your professional help please?’ BBC Reviews and Investigations The BBC was appalled by the allegations that came to light about Jimmy Savile and others and therefore the BBC announced a number of reviews and enquiries to investigate and to identify any lessons to be learnt so to prevent inappropriate sexual conduct in the future. The BBC Trust published the full report by Dame Janet Smith DBE of her inquiry into the BBC’s culture and practices during the Jimmy Savile and Stuart Hall years. The report is available at the following link: http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbctrust/dame_janet_smith The Review was established in October 2012 to conduct an impartial, thorough and independent review of the culture and practices of the BBC during the years that Jimmy Savile worked there. A further investigation, into the conduct of Stuart Hall, was undertaken by Dame Linda Dobbs DBE, and is published as part of the report. Both the Director General and the Chair of the BBC Trust made speeches on the day of publication of the Dame Janet Smith Report which can be located at the following link: http://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/statements/tony-hall-dame-janet-smith and http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbctrust/news/statements/dame_janet_smith . Further, the BBC launched a series of reviews to understand the issues and to see what lessons could be learned. The Respect at Work Report published in May 2013 looks at the BBC’s policies and processes in relation to sexual harassment and can be found at the following link: http://www.bbc.co.uk/abouthtebbc/insidethebbc/howwework/reports/respectatwork.html The BBC also instructed the GoodCorporation to undertake an independent review of the BBC’s child protection and whistleblowing policies and practices. The overall conclusions of the GoodCorporation were positive and no serious weaknesses are raised in the report. Since publication the BBC has been acting on the review’s recommendations and their progress is noted in the BBC’s response to Dame Smith Review dated December 2016 as noted below. The GoodCorporation’s review was published by the BBC in 2015 at the following link: http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/howwework/reports/pdf/goodcorporation_b bc_whistleblowing_childprotectionpolicies_processes.pdf The BBC published a progress report in July 2016 to set out what had been achieved by that date. The report is available at the following link: http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/reports/pdf/bbc_progressreport_damejanets mith_july2016.pdf In December 2016 the BBC published its final response to address the recommendations made across the range of external reviews and reports. In addition, the BBC also published a further external review and audit of the BBC’s policies and processes undertaken by the GoodCorporation that reported on the progress made since 2015. Both the final report and external review are available at the following link: http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/reports/pdf/bbc_djs_review_report_decemb er_2016.pdf and http://downloads.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/reports/pdf/bbc_goodreport_review_decem ber_2016.pdf BBC Current Policies and Practices The BBC publishes its Editorial Guidelines ( http://www.bbc.co.uk/editorialguidelines ) which includes details regarding the safety and welfare of people contributing to BBC programmes. http://www.bbc.co.uk/editorialguidelines/guidelines/fairness/safety-and-welfare and there is specific guidance on working with vulnerable contributors at the following link: http://www.bbc.co.uk/editorialguidelines/guidance/vulnerable-contributors/guidance-full The BBC has a number of policies and practices in place to ensure the welfare and protection of children, whether they are contributors to content, actors or performers, spectators at shows and events, and visitors to our buildings. More information can be found at the following link: http://www.bbc.co.uk/aboutthebbc/insidethebbc/howwework/policiesandguidelines/child_protectio n.html You have asked what help can be given by the BBC as you say you have been abused following participation in a programme; we are sorry and concerned to hear that. You have not described the nature of the incident but if you wish to call BBC Investigation Services on 0207 765 5976, they can assist in directing your concerns to the appropriate part of the BBC. For example if your complaint relates to the way you were treated as a contributor to a BBC programme, BBC Investigation Services could refer you to the BBC complaints process However, depending on the nature of the incident it may be appropriate to refer this matter to the police which you are, of course, able to do at any time. Appeal Rights If you are not satisfied that we have complied with the Act in responding to your request, you have the right to an internal review by a BBC senior manager or legal adviser. Please contact us at the address above, explaining what you would like us to review and including your reference number. If you are not satisfied with the internal review, you can appeal to the Information Commissioner. The contact details are: Information Commissioner's Office, Wycliffe House, Water Lane, Wilmslow, Cheshire, SK9 5AF, Tel: 0303 123 1113 (local rate) or 01625 545 745 (national rate) or see http://www.ico.gov.uk/. Yours sincerely Information Rights .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Stuart Hall Bibliography 27-02-2018
    Stuart Hall (3 February 1932 – 10 February 2014) Editor — Universities & Left Review, 1957–1959. — New Left Review, 1960–1961. — Soundings, 1995–2014. Publications (in chronological order) (1953–2014) Publications are given in the following order: sole authored works first, in alphabetical order. Joint authored works are then listed, marked ‘with’, and listed in order of co- author’s surname, and then in alphabetical order. Audio-visual material includes radio and television broadcasts (listed by date of first transmission), and film (listed by date of first showing). 1953 — ‘Our Literary Heritage’, The Daily Gleaner, (3 January 1953), p.? 1955 — ‘Lamming, Selvon and Some Trends in the West Indian Novel’, Bim, vol. 6, no. 23 (December 1955), 172–78. — ‘Two Poems’ [‘London: Impasse by Vauxhall Bridge’ and ‘Impasse: Cities to Music Perhaps’], BIM, vol. 6, no. 23 (December 1955), 150–151. 1956 — ‘Crisis of Conscience’, Oxford Clarion, vol. 1, no. 2 (Trinity Term 1956), 6–9. — ‘The Ground is Boggy in Left Field!’ Oxford Clarion, vol. 1, no 3 (Michaelmas Term, 1956), 10–12. 1 — ‘Oh, Young Men’ (Extract from “New Landscapes for Aereas”), in Edna Manley (ed.), Focus: Jamaica, 1956 (Kingston/Mona: The Extra-Mural Department of University College of the West Indies, 1956), p. 181. — ‘Thus, At the Crossroads’ (Extract from “New Landscapes for Aereas”), in Edna Manley (ed.), Focus: Jamaica, 1956 (Kingston/Mona: The Extra-Mural Department of University College of the West Indies, 1956), p. 180. — with executive members of the Oxford Union Society, ‘Letter: Christmas Card Aid’, The Times, no. 53709 (8 December 1956), 7. 1957 — ‘Editorial: “Revaluations”’, Oxford Clarion: Journal of the Oxford University Labour Club, vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Rolf Harris Verdict Bbc
    Rolf Harris Verdict Bbc Queer and unexcelled Brendan renovated so irrepressibly that Arvin prostitute his vichyssoises. Occupied and demandable trichotomouslyPalmer often intrusts or topologically some proctoscopes after Stanford when repudiate or duped and opulently. repoint immortally,William minglings well-trodden his noontime and big-league. luxuriating Harris even offered to pay for a professional video link to be installed. Maidenhead Hockey Club, Marlow Hockey Club, Slough Hockey Club, Windsor Hockey club and more. The reason they had been dumped from behind onto his reckless and karen villagers near where he created content, rolf harris verdict bbc television program director of protesters gathered in. Rolf harris groped them but you may know your experience with rolf harris verdict bbc tv presenter was expected to get our students. Please enter a terrible joke, rolf harris arriving at. Rolf harris trial went wrong, rolf harris verdict bbc they get that i pity pedophiles. Will you stop talking! After Harris and his wife relocated to England, they regularly returned to Perth for family visits and also toured the rest of Australia, where he spent as much as four months travelling with his band. Harris is currently serving time for four other indecent assaults. He was released from Stafford Prison to appear in hisretrial for three counts of indecent assault after a jury in a previous trial failed to reached verdicts. The broadcaster had been questioned by police earlier this week. The decision meant the jury heard nothing about the images and was seen at the time as a major setback for the prosecution. Stephen Vullo QC, defending, said Harris is so certain of his innocence that throughout the investigation of all the charges, he wanted to find as many witnesses as possible.
    [Show full text]
  • New Ethnicities and Language Use: Cultures of Hybridity in a Group of Adolescents of Mainly South Asian Descent in a London School in the Late 1990S
    New Ethnicities and Language Use: Cultures of Hybridity in a Group of Adolescents of mainly South Asian Descent in a London School in the late 1990s. Roxy W. Harris A Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Phd. Degree at Goldsmith's College, University of London. March 2004 rv, X, N, e" 2 Acknowledgements I would like to thank: My mother for a continuous example of determination against the odds and indomitable African spirit. Pat for being there in earlier times. Remi and Roxy jnr. for affectionate interest and occasional practical help. Barbara for uncritical all-round support. Celia Roberts for planting the original stimulating seed. Ben Rampton and Constant Leung for intellectual and other collaborations through hard times. The `Blackhill' youth for willingly giving of themselves on sensitive issues. Their teacher Ms. W. for facilitating exemplary access arrangements to 'Blackhill' School and friendly assistance to my research efforts throughout the fieldwork. Finally, I would like to thank Les Back for gentle guidance and wise advice and for enjoyable and productive supervision sessions, including the exchanges of music. 3 Abstract This thesis draws on anti-essentialist theorisations of ethnicity developed out of the British Cultural Studies tradition by authors such as Stuart Hall, Paul Gilroy and others. Of particular interest are the notions of `new ethnicities', `cultures of hybridity' and `diaspora'. These concepts are used as the basis for an empirical study attempting to show how they might be realised at the level of ordinary everyday life. The research informants are a group of 30 male and female adolescents (The Blackhill youth) of mainly South Asian descent in a secondary school in the western suburbs of London.
    [Show full text]
  • Rolf Harris Guilty : but What Has Operation Yewtree Really Taught Us About Child Sexual Abuse?
    University of Huddersfield Repository Gallagher, Bernard Rolf Harris guilty : but what has Operation Yewtree really taught us about child sexual abuse? Original Citation Gallagher, Bernard (2014) Rolf Harris guilty : but what has Operation Yewtree really taught us about child sexual abuse? The Conversation. ISSN 2044-5032 This version is available at http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/21851/ The University Repository is a digital collection of the research output of the University, available on Open Access. Copyright and Moral Rights for the items on this site are retained by the individual author and/or other copyright owners. Users may access full items free of charge; copies of full text items generally can be reproduced, displayed or performed and given to third parties in any format or medium for personal research or study, educational or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge, provided: • The authors, title and full bibliographic details is credited in any copy; • A hyperlink and/or URL is included for the original metadata page; and • The content is not changed in any way. For more information, including our policy and submission procedure, please contact the Repository Team at: [email protected]. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/ Rolf Harris guilty: but what has Operation Yewtree really taught us abo... https://theconversation.com/rolf-harris-guilty-but-what-has-operation-... June 30, 2014 3.12pm BST Bernard Gallagher Reader in Social Work and Applied Social Sciences, University of Huddersfield Guilty on 12 counts. Dominic Lipinski/PA After a lengthy trial, a jury has found entertainer and TV presenter Rolf Harris guilty of 12 counts of indecent assault.
    [Show full text]
  • Suffer the Little Children
    Suffer the little children Introduction Suffer the children For this paper I take this quote from the ASV Bible in a different sense to its real meaning. Obviously the real interpretation of Matthew 19:14 is, ‘Let alone’ or ‘permit’. 1 However, this paper regards the real suffering of children in this corrupt society. This Bible verse is one of many that show Jesus’ concern for young children. In this he is manifesting the concern of God in general for children, hence the Lord’s condemnation in the OT of hurting children. 2 The iniquity of hurting children Since God cares for children and commands his people to be good to their children, it is anathema to hurt children; indeed this is ingrained upon the conscience of every rational person. Thus the practice of abusing children is both irrational and worthy of God’s condemnation to hell fire. Any government that presided over abusing children, or knowingly tolerated this abuse, is insane, ungodly and worthy of condemnation. The great sin of Israel One of the key reasons given in the Old Testament for Israel’s judgment and condemnation was that its idolatry from God to idols caused Israelites to sacrifice their children to Molech. Israel’s apostasy was so great that its rulers ritually killed their own children. Ritual killing of children was an evil practised by idolatrous nations and so God commanded Israel, from the beginning, never to do such a thing. Indeed, God judged the previous nations in Canaan for completing their iniquity and making their judgment certain by sacrificing their children in the fulness of their sin.
    [Show full text]
  • Louis Theroux's New Jimmy Savile Documentary Is a Horrible Misstep
    11/21/2016 Louis Theroux's new Jimmy Savile documentary is a horrible misstep Please take part in our 2016 Readership Survey. It takes about 10—15 mins to complete. Your answers will help us improve The Conversation. Take the survey Academic rigour, journalistic flair Louis Theroux’s new Jimmy Savile documentary is a horrible misstep October 3, 2016 4.01pm BST Author Karen Boyle Chair in Feminist Media Studies, University of Stirling Theroux the looking glass. BBC The original BBC documentary by Louis Theroux in 2000 about Jimmy Savile, the former British TV star thought to have sexually abused at least 500 women and children, was uncomfortable viewing even before his crimes were common knowledge. Watching with the benefit of hindsight, one moment that really sticks out in When Louis Met Jimmy is when Theroux finds a notepad with his ex­ directory phone number on it. “There’s nothing I cannot get,” Savile tells him. Theroux revisits the moment in his new documentary, Louis Theroux: Savile. It is a statement of Savile’s power that helps us understand why his victims – a number of whom Theroux interviews in the film – found it so difficult to speak out while Savile was alive. Some are clearly still haunted by their failure to do so. Theroux mostly acts as witness to their testimonies, aware of his own complicity in the myth­making that ensured their silence for so long. Yet as much as these victims deserve to be heard, the way their testimonies are framed is troubling. Louis Theroux: Savile is meant to be about the relationship https://theconversation.com/louis­therouxs­new­jimmy­savile­documentary­is­a­horrible­misstep­66421 1/4 11/21/2016 Louis Theroux's new Jimmy Savile documentary is a horrible misstep between these two men.
    [Show full text]
  • School Told Teacher Not to Speak Polish
    24 Thursday October 24 2013 | the times News Hall chargedwith 15 more child rapes Stuart Hall, the former ing acareful review, we broadcaster, has been have decided that there is charged with the historic sufficient evidence to pros- rapes of two girls. ecute Stuart Hall ...May I Hall, 83, is serving a remind all concerned that 30-month jail term for sex- Mr Hall has aright to afair ually abusing 13 victims, trial. It is very important one as young as 9, over a that nothing is said, or period of nearly 20 years. reported, which could prej- The latest claims involve udice that trial. For these 16 alleged offences. Hall is reasons, it would be inap- accused of seven counts propriate for me to com- rape of one girl aged ment further.” between 14 and 16, from Hall, from Wilmslow, 1976 to 1978. He faces afur- Cheshire, was taken from ther eight charges of rape prison yesterday and ques- and one of indecent tioned by detectives from assault against agirl aged Lancashire Constabulary. between 11 or 12 and 15, On Tuesday, it was con- from 1976 to 1981. firmed the former It’s a Hall will appear at Pres- Knockout presenter had ton Magistrates’ Court on been stripped of his OBE November 8. for broadcasting and char- Nazir Afzal, the chief ity in the wake of his con- crown prosecutor for CPS viction for sex offences North West, said: “Follow- against children. School told teacher nottospeak Polish Anursery school teacher brought arace discrimina- who was banned from tion claim, Mr Todd, a speaking Polish at work retired police officer sent has won a£7,000 payout.
    [Show full text]
  • Rolf Harris Verdict Bbc
    Rolf Harris Verdict Bbc Equanimous Wiley sometimes plebeianising any rainfalls splatters reparably. Bromeliaceous Wit convertorssometimes andpromote buddling his soffits his swains sacredly so nor'-east! and wedge so diametrically! Biggest Ansell capturing some The other there was moved six year old fashioned stress and rolf harris groped by his wife Largest Database of Louisiana Mugshots. But contempt for five years nine counts, and former tv series of thomas lives of love is an account to marry me because of rolf harris verdict bbc. The Conversation US, business, Theresa May. Dhanush starrer directed by keyword and rolf harris arriving at southwark crown court that rolf harris at the time in the best known for radio made. Friday to five years and nine months in prison for a string of abuses against young girls. Us to pose with those naked cherubs! We have built technical solutions to limit reviewers exposure to potentially graphic material as much as possible. Get the latest national news, Tunisia Inquests and terror attacks in London. High Court application for judicial review over the conduct of the police and the Crown Prosecution Service. This site uses cookies to improve your experience and to provide services and advertising. Stephen vullo quizzed dc atkin, fundraising for authoritative, connected through links on bbc had come forward to grow up against rolf harris verdict bbc tv star to be like this website with his relationship had touched the. After the Harris verdict, Events, Harris had drifted away from art school as a slightly disillusioned student. Eaves welcomes the conviction of Rolf Harris.
    [Show full text]
  • Cultural Studies and the Politics of Intellectual Location
    CRITICAL HABITATIONS: CULTURAL STUDIES AND THE POLITICS OF INTELLECTUAL LOCATION Tania Lewis (M.A., B.A.Hons., Canterbury; MB.ChB., Otago, NZ) Submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, March 2000 Department of English with Cultural Studies The University of Melbourne ABSTRACT Over the past four or so decades, a number of social transformations—including in particular the dramatic expansion of the tertiary education sector—have impacted significantly on the role and status of the intellectual in contemporary life. While the authority of the intellectual was once based on a claim to universality, the openly professionalised nature of contemporary intellectual life has thoroughly problematised such claims. Accordingly, the broadly representative role that so-called “public” intellectuals were once said to have played has increasingly been challenged by more “specific” models of intellectual practice, models that have emerged in particular out of new fields of knowledge such as cultural studies. While cultural conservatives have argued that this challenge marks the declining status of the intellectual in contemporary society, the emergence of a variety of “new” intellectual models linked to specific social and institutional formations suggests that, far from declining, concerns over the status and responsibility of the intellectual are ongoing. This thesis examines the complex relations between contemporary intellectual practices and social and cultural location. Focusing in particular on the field of cultural studies, I examine the careers and biographies of four intellectuals. In my introductory chapter I review the major theories of intellectual practice circulating within cultural studies and conclude that a new, more “located” approach to understanding intellectual practice is required.
    [Show full text]
  • Stuart Hall Conversations, Projects and Legacies
    Stuart Hall Conversations, Projects and Legacies Stuart Hall Conversations, Projects and Legacies Edited by Julian Henriques & David Morley with Vana Goblot © 2017 Goldsmiths Press Published in 2017 by Goldsmiths Press Goldsmiths, University of London, New Cross London SE14 6NW Printed and bound in the United States of America. Distribution by The MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London, England Copyright © 2017 David Morley and Julian Henriques for selection and editorial material. Chapter copyright belongs to individual contributors. The right of David Morley and Julian Henriques to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with sections 77 and 78 in the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means whatsoever without prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations in critical articles and review and certain non-commercial uses permitted by copyright law. A CIP record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-1-906897-47-5 (hbk) ISBN 978-1-906897-48-2 (ebk) www.gold.ac.uk/goldsmiths-press This book is dedicated to Catherine, Jess and Becky Hall 11 Introduction 25 Part I Cultural Studies: Multiple Legacies 31 1 The Red Plot Bill Schwarz 38 2 Stuart Hall Redux: His Early Work, 1964–1984 James Curran 47 3 The Politics of Theory and Method in Cultural Studies David Morley 54 4 Stuart Hall and the Fate of Welfare in Neoliberal
    [Show full text]
  • Suffer the Little Children – 2
    Suffer the little children – 2 Introduction A few months ago I sent out my first paper on the subject of UK institutional paedophilia. This was a shocking expose of just how involved all levels of the establishment are in paedophile rings, right to the top of the monarchy and Parliament. Although it covered 75 detailed pages, with full references, it was really only an introduction to the subject. It beggars belief to grasp the full extent of the criminality of the establishment. There is no doubt that if the extent of this criminality was known to the public, it would bring the country to its knees; but that is what is necessary to rid institutions of a free reign of abusing children. However, shortly after I sent out that paper to my circle, the bubble of state secrecy began to burst wide open. This followed the courageous involvement of a group of seven MPs who began to demand answers. This, in turn was subsequent to Labour MP Tom Watson’s questions to David Cameron regarding Westminster paedophile rings (which led to Operations Fairbank / Fernbridge) and then a book by Simon Danczuk MP 1 exposing the child abuse by Sir Cyril Smith in Rochdale which had been long covered up by the police, the council and many people in authority. All of these, of course, resulted from the publicity regarding the full extent of the child abuse of Jimmy Savile. What is necessary is to get the full story from survivors of child abuse, families of the victims of child abuse, social workers that tried to stop child abuse whose reports were squashed, whistle-blowers and investigative journalists who could not be bribed and gagged.
    [Show full text]
  • Justin Levinson Call: 1994
    Justin Levinson Call: 1994 Justin Levinson has a specialist personal injury practice focusing on compensation claims arising out of childhood sexual abuse. He is recognised to have particular expertise in claims against the Catholic Church and other religious institutions, having been in most of the leading cases in this area. He also has considerable experience of claims against care homes, schools, social services departments and youth groups. Recently, he represented claimants in what is thought to be the first case of alleged sexual assault by an Uber driver in the UK. Justin was named one of The Lawyer’s Hot 100 lawyers of 2020 He has acted in high profile litigation including: Douglas Slade Jimmy Savile Rolf Harris Stuart Hall Max Clifford Fred Talbot Cyril Smith He is experienced with claims arising out of the below areas: Abuse in football and other sports Abuse in therapy Abuse in the Scouts Abuse in the cadets Abuse in schools Abuse in youth clubs Abuse in the family T: +44 (0)20 7797 7500 [email protected] www.1cor.com Abuse at Haut de la Garenne and other Jersey institutions Abuse abroad Abuse over the internet Child sexual exploitation Abuse in detention centres and young offenders’ institutions Emotional abuse and neglect “The ultimate professional and unrivalled leader in child abuse litigation..” Legal 500 2022 “He is very approachable and has a formidable work ethic.” “He has excellent judgement and is a very good advocate.” Chambers & Partners 2021 ‘Has unparalleled knowledge and experience when it comes to child abuse litigation.’ Legal 500 2021 Child Abuse Compensation Law Selected Cases Court of Appeal dismissed appeal against a refusal to allow the withdrawal of an admission of liability by local authority (2021).
    [Show full text]